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  • Using events in threads between processes - C

    - by Jamie Keeling
    Hello all! I have an application consisting of two windows, one communicates to the other and sends it a struct constaining two integers (In this case two rolls of a dice). I will be using events for the following circumstances: Process a sends data to process b, process b displays data Process a closes, in turn closing process b Process b closes a, in turn closing process a I have noticed that if the second process is constantly waiting for the first process to send data then the program will be just sat waiting, which is where the idea of implementing threads on each process occurred and I have started to implement this already. The problem i'm having is that I don't exactly have a lot of experience with threads and events so I'm not sure of the best way to actually implement what I want to do. Following is a small snippet of what I have so far in the producer application; Create thread: case IDM_FILE_ROLLDICE: { hDiceRoll = CreateThread( NULL, // lpThreadAttributes (default) 0, // dwStackSize (default) ThreadFunc(hMainWindow), // lpStartAddress NULL, // lpParameter 0, // dwCreationFlags &hDiceID // lpThreadId (returned by function) ); } break; The data being sent to the other process: DWORD WINAPI ThreadFunc(LPVOID passedHandle) { HANDLE hMainHandle = *((HANDLE*)passedHandle); WCHAR buffer[256]; LPCTSTR pBuf; LPVOID lpMsgBuf; LPVOID lpDisplayBuf; struct diceData storage; HANDLE hMapFile; DWORD dw; //Roll dice and store results in variable storage = RollDice(); hMapFile = CreateFileMapping( (HANDLE)0xFFFFFFFF, // use paging file NULL, // default security PAGE_READWRITE, // read/write access 0, // maximum object size (high-order DWORD) BUF_SIZE, // maximum object size (low-order DWORD) szName); // name of mapping object if (hMapFile == NULL) { dw = GetLastError(); MessageBox(hMainHandle,L"Could not create file mapping object",L"Error",MB_OK); return 1; } pBuf = (LPTSTR) MapViewOfFile(hMapFile, // handle to map object FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS, // read/write permission 0, 0, BUF_SIZE); if (pBuf == NULL) { MessageBox(hMainHandle,L"Could not map view of file",L"Error",MB_OK); CloseHandle(hMapFile); return 1; } CopyMemory((PVOID)pBuf, &storage, (_tcslen(szMsg) * sizeof(TCHAR))); //_getch(); MessageBox(hMainHandle,L"Completed!",L"Success",MB_OK); UnmapViewOfFile(pBuf); return 0; } I'm trying to find out how I would integrate an event with the threaded code to signify to the other process that something has happened, I've seen an MSDN article on using events but it's just confused me if anything, I'm coming up on empty whilst searching on the internet too. Thanks for any help Edit: I can only use the Create/Set/Open methods for events, sorry for not mentioning it earlier.

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  • How can I embed a conditional comment for IE with innerHTML?

    - by Samuel Charpentier
    Ok so I want to conditionally add this line of code; <!--[if ! IE]> <embed src="logo.svg" type="image/svg+xml" /> <![endif]--> Using: document.getElementById("logo") .innerHTML='...'; In a if()/else() statement and it don't write it! If i get rid of the selective comment ( <!--[if ! IE]><![endif]-->) and only put the SVG ( <embed src="logo.svg" type="image/svg+xml" /> ) it work! what should I do? I found a way around but i think in the Android browser the thing will pop up twice. here's what I've done ( and its Validated stuff!); <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <META CHARSET="UTF-8"> <title>SVG Test</title> <script type="text/javascript"> //<![CDATA[ onload=function() { var ua = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase(); var isAndroid = ua.indexOf("android") > -1; //&& ua.indexOf("mobile"); if(isAndroid) { document.getElementById("logo").innerHTML='<img src="fin_palais.png"/>'; } } //]]> </script> </head> <body> <div id="logo"> <!--[if lt IE 9]> <img src="fin_palais.png"/> <![endif]--> <!--[if gte IE 9]><!--> <embed src="fin_palais.svg" type="image/svg+xml" /> <!--<![endif]--> </div> </body>

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  • How to draw a filled envelop like a cone on OpenGL (using GLUT)?

    - by ashishsony
    Hi, I am relatively new to OpenGL programming...currently involved in a project that uses freeglut for opengl rendering... I need to draw an envelop looking like a cone (2D) that has to be filled with some color and some transparency applied. Is the freeglut toolkit equipped with such an inbuilt functionality to draw filled geometries(or some trick)?? or is there some other api that has an inbuilt support for filled up geometries.. Thanks. Best Regards. Edit1: just to clarify the 2D cone thing... the envelop is the graphical interpretation of the coverage area of an aircraft during interception(of an enemy aircraft)...that resembles a sector of a circle..i should have mentioned sector instead.. and glutSolidCone doesnot help me as i want to draw a filled sector of a circle...which i have already done...what remains to do is to fill it with some color... how to fill geometries with color in opengl?? Thanks. Edit2: Ok thanks for replying...all the answers posted to this questions can work for my problem in a way.. But i would definitely would want to know a way how to fill a geometry with some color. Say if i want to draw an envelop which is a parabola...in that case there would be no default glut function to actually draw a filled parabola(or is there any??).. So to generalise this question...how to draw a custom geometry in some solid color?? Thanks. Edit3: The answer that mstrobl posted works for GL_TRIANGLES but for such a code: glBegin(GL_LINE_STRIP); glColor3f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0); glVertex3f(0.0, 0.0, 0.0); glColor3f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0); glVertex3f(200.0, 0.0, 0.0); glColor3f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0); glVertex3f(200.0, 200.0, 0.0); glColor3f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0); glVertex3f(0.0, 200.0, 0.0); glColor3f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0); glVertex3f(0.0, 0.0, 0.0); glEnd(); which draws a square...only a wired square is drawn...i need to fill it with blue color. anyway to do it? if i put some drawing commands for a closed curve..like a pie..and i need to fill it with a color is there a way to make it possible... i dont know how its possible for GL_TRIANGLES... but how to do it for any closed curve?? Thanks.

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  • Zend Framework decorator subform add a class tag to DD wrapper tag

    - by Samuele
    I have this form: class Request_Form_Prova extends Zend_Form { public function init() { $this->setMethod('post'); $SubForm_Step = new Zend_Form_SubForm(); $SubForm_Step->setAttrib('class','Step'); $this->addSubform($SubForm_Step, 'Chicco'); $PrivacyCheck = $SubForm_Step->createElement('CheckBox', 'PrivacyCheck'); $PrivacyCheck->setLabel('I have read and I agre bla bla...') ->setRequired(true) ->setUncheckedValue(''); $PrivacyCheck->getDecorator('Label')->setOption('class', 'inline'); $SubForm_Step->addElement($PrivacyCheck); $SubForm_Step->addElement('submit', 'submit', array( 'ignore' => true, 'label' => 'OK', )); } } That generate this HTML: <form enctype="application/x-www-form-urlencoded" method="post" action=""> <dl class="zend_form"> <dt id="Chicco-label">&nbsp;</dt> <dd id="Chicco-element"> <fieldset id="fieldset-Chicco" class="Step"> <dl> <dt id="Chicco-PrivacyCheck-label"><label for="Chicco-PrivacyCheck" class="inline required">I have read and I agre bla bla...</label></dt> <dd id="Chicco-PrivacyCheck-element"> <input type="hidden" name="Chicco[PrivacyCheck]" value=""><input type="checkbox" name="Chicco[PrivacyCheck]" id="Chicco-PrivacyCheck" value="1"> </dd> <dt id="submit-label">&nbsp;</dt> <dd id="submit-element"> <input type="submit" name="Chicco[submit]" id="Chicco-submit" value="OK"> </dd> </dl> </fieldset> </dd> </dl> </form> How can I add a class="Test" to the <dd id="Chicco-element"> elemnt? In order to have it like that: <dd id="Chicco-element" class="Test"> I thought something like that but it don't work: $SubForm_Step->getDecorator('DdWrapper')->setOption('class', 'Test'); OR $SubForm_Step->getDecorator('DtDdWrapper')->setOption('class', 'Test'); How can I do it? And last question: How can I wrap that DD and DT element of a SubForm in another DL element? Like that: ( second line ) <dl class="zend_form"> <dl> <dt id="Chicco-label">&nbsp;</dt> <dd id="Chicco-element"> <fieldset id="fieldset-Chicco" class="Step"> <dl> .......

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  • jQuery Validator's "required" not working when value is set at statup

    - by nandrew
    Hello, I have a problem with jQuery Validator. I want to use "required" property on a text input. It doesn't work when input has set value attribute by HTML code (tested on Firefox (3.5), and on IE 8 - on IE it works a bit better). Story: 1. Page loads; 2. value is cleared; 3. focus is changed. 4. Nothing happens but the error message should be displayed; 5. getting back to the field and typing some characters. 6. changing focus; 7. getting back to the field; 8. clearing the field. 9. Error is displayed even before leaving the field. The HTML code: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" > <head> <script src="Web/Scripts/jquery-1.3.2.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="Web/Scripts/jquery.validate.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </head> <body> <form id="form1"> <input type="text" id="name1" name="name1" value="test" /><br /> <input type="text" /> </form> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function() { var validator = $("form").validate({ rules: { name1: { required: true, minlength: 2 } }, messages: { name1: "bad name" }, }); }); </script> </body> </html>

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  • Python: How best to parse a simple grammar?

    - by Rosarch
    Ok, so I've asked a bunch of smaller questions about this project, but I still don't have much confidence in the designs I'm coming up with, so I'm going to ask a question on a broader scale. I am parsing pre-requisite descriptions for a course catalog. The descriptions almost always follow a certain form, which makes me think I can parse most of them. From the text, I would like to generate a graph of course pre-requisite relationships. (That part will be easy, after I have parsed the data.) Some sample inputs and outputs: "CS 2110" => ("CS", 2110) # 0 "CS 2110 and INFO 3300" => [("CS", 2110), ("INFO", 3300)] # 1 "CS 2110, INFO 3300" => [("CS", 2110), ("INFO", 3300)] # 1 "CS 2110, 3300, 3140" => [("CS", 2110), ("CS", 3300), ("CS", 3140)] # 1 "CS 2110 or INFO 3300" => [[("CS", 2110)], [("INFO", 3300)]] # 2 "MATH 2210, 2230, 2310, or 2940" => [[("MATH", 2210), ("MATH", 2230), ("MATH", 2310)], [("MATH", 2940)]] # 3 If the entire description is just a course, it is output directly. If the courses are conjoined ("and"), they are all output in the same list If the course are disjoined ("or"), they are in separate lists Here, we have both "and" and "or". One caveat that makes it easier: it appears that the nesting of "and"/"or" phrases is never greater than as shown in example 3. What is the best way to do this? I started with PLY, but I couldn't figure out how to resolve the reduce/reduce conflicts. The advantage of PLY is that it's easy to manipulate what each parse rule generates: def p_course(p): 'course : DEPT_CODE COURSE_NUMBER' p[0] = (p[1], int(p[2])) With PyParse, it's less clear how to modify the output of parseString(). I was considering building upon @Alex Martelli's idea of keeping state in an object and building up the output from that, but I'm not sure exactly how that is best done. def addCourse(self, str, location, tokens): self.result.append((tokens[0][0], tokens[0][1])) def makeCourseList(self, str, location, tokens): dept = tokens[0][0] new_tokens = [(dept, tokens[0][1])] new_tokens.extend((dept, tok) for tok in tokens[1:]) self.result.append(new_tokens) For instance, to handle "or" cases: def __init__(self): self.result = [] # ... self.statement = (course_data + Optional(OR_CONJ + course_data)).setParseAction(self.disjunctionCourses) def disjunctionCourses(self, str, location, tokens): if len(tokens) == 1: return tokens print "disjunction tokens: %s" % tokens How does disjunctionCourses() know which smaller phrases to disjoin? All it gets is tokens, but what's been parsed so far is stored in result, so how can the function tell which data in result corresponds to which elements of token? I guess I could search through the tokens, then find an element of result with the same data, but that feel convoluted... What's a better way to approach this problem?

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  • OpenGL ES functions not accepting values originating outside of it's view

    - by Josh Elsasser
    I've been unable to figure this out on my own. I currently have an Open GLES setup where a view controller both updates a game world (with a dt), fetches the data I need to render, passes it off to an EAGLView through two structures (built of Apple's ES1Renderer), and draws the scene. Whenever a value originates outside of the Open GL view, it can't be used to either translate objects using glTranslatef, or set up the scene using glOrthof. If I assign a new value to something, it will work - even if it is the exact same number. The two structures I have each contain a variety of floating-point numbers and booleans, along with two arrays. I can log the values from within my renderer - they make it there - but I receive errors from OpenGL if I try to do anything with them. No crashes result, but the glOrthof call doesn't work if I don't set the camera values to anything different. Code used to set up scene: [EAGLContext setCurrentContext:context]; glBindFramebufferOES(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_OES, viewFramebuffer); //clears the color buffer bit glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); //sets up the scene w/ ortho projection glViewport(0, 0, 320, 480); glLoadIdentity(); glOrthof(320, 0, dynamicData.cam_x2, dynamicData.cam_x1, 1.0, -1.0); glClearColor(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0); /*error checking code here*/ "dynamicData" (which is replaced every frame) is created within my game simulation. From within my controller, I call a method (w/in my simulation) that returns it, and pass the result on to the EAGLView, which passes it on to the renderer. I haven't been able to come up with a better solution for this - suggestions in this regard would be greatly appreciated as well. Also, this function doesn't work as well (values originate in the same place): glTranslatef(dynamicData.ship_x, dynamicData.ship_y, 0.0); Thanks in advance. Additional Definitions: Structure (declared in a separate header): typedef struct { float ship_x, ship_y; float cam_x1, cam_x2; } dynamicRenderData; Render data getter (and builder) (every frame) - (dynamicData)getDynRenderData { //d_rd is an ivar, zeroed on initialization d_rd.ship_x = mainShip.position.x; d_rd.ship_y = mainShip.position.y; d_rd.cam_x1 = d_rd.ship_x - 30.0f; d_rd.cam_x2 = d_rd.cam_x1 + 480.0f; return d_rd; } Zeroed at start. (d_rd.ship_x = 0;, etc…) Setting up the view. Prototype (GLView): - (void)draw: (dynamicRenderData)dynamicData Prototype (Renderer): - (void)drawView: (dynamicRenderData)dynamicData How it's called w/in the controller: //controller [glview draw: [world getDynRenderData]]; //glview (within draw) [renderer drawView: dynamicData];

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  • Simple RSA encryption (Java)

    - by jake blue
    This is simply for fun. This will not be used for any actual encryption. I'm only first year comp sci student and love cryptography. This took a long time to get working. At approximately N = 18, it begins breaking down. It won't encrypt messages properly after that point. I'm not sure why. Any insights? I'd also appreciate any links you could provide me to tutorials or interesting reading about Cryptography. import java.math.BigInteger; import java.security.SecureRandom; /** * Cryptography. * * Generates public and private keys used in encryption and * decryption * */ public class RSA { private final static BigInteger one = new BigInteger("1"); private final static SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom(); // prime numbers private BigInteger p; private BigInteger q; // modulus private BigInteger n; // totient private BigInteger t; // public key private BigInteger e; // private key private BigInteger d; private String cipherText; /** * Constructor for objects of class RSA */ public RSA(int N) { p = BigInteger.probablePrime(N/2, random); q = BigInteger.probablePrime(N/2, random); // initialising modulus n = p.multiply(q); // initialising t by euclid's totient function (p-1)(q-1) t = (p.subtract(one)).multiply(q.subtract(one)); // initialising public key ~ 65537 is common public key e = new BigInteger("65537"); } public int generatePrivateKey() { d = e.modInverse(t); return d.intValue(); } public String encrypt(String plainText) { String encrypted = ""; int j = 0; for(int i = 0; i < plainText.length(); i++){ char m = plainText.charAt(i); BigInteger bi1 = BigInteger.valueOf(m); BigInteger bi2 = bi1.modPow(e, n); j = bi2.intValue(); m = (char) j; encrypted += m; } cipherText = encrypted; return encrypted; } public String decrypt() { String decrypted = ""; int j = 0; for(int i = 0; i < cipherText.length(); i++){ char c = cipherText.charAt(i); BigInteger bi1 = BigInteger.valueOf(c); BigInteger bi2 = bi1.modPow(d, n); j = bi2.intValue(); c = (char) j; decrypted += c; } return decrypted; } }

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  • Opinions on collision detection objects with a moving scene

    - by Evan Teran
    So my question is simple, and I guess it boils down to how anal you want to be about collision detection. To keep things simple, lets assume we're talking about 2D sprites defined by a bounding box. In addition, let's assume that my sprite object has a function to detect collisions like this: S.collidesWith(other); Finally the scene is moving and "walls" in the scene can move, an object may not touch a wall. So a simple implementation might look like this (psuedo code): moveWalls(); moveSprite(); foreach(wall as w) { if(s.collidesWith(w)) { gameover(); } } The problem with this is that if the sprite and wall move towards each other, depending on the circumstances (such as diagonal moment). They may pass though each other (unlikely but could happen). So I may do this instead. moveWalls(); foreach(wall as w) { if(s.collidesWith(w)) { gameover(); } } moveSprite(); foreach(wall as w) { if(s.collidesWith(w)) { gameover(); } } This takes care of the passing through each other issue, but another rare issue comes up. If they are adjacent to each other (literally the next pixel) and both the wall and the sprite are moving left, then I will get an invalid collision since the wall moves, checks for collision (hit) then the sprite is moved. Which seems unfair. In addition, to that, the redundant collision detection feels very inefficient. I could give the player movement priority alleviating the first issue but it is still checking twice. moveSprite(); foreach(wall as w) { if(s.collidesWith(w)) { gameover(); } } moveWalls(); foreach(wall as w) { if(s.collidesWith(w)) { gameover(); } } Am I simply over thinking this issue, should this just be chalked up to "it'll happen rare enough that no one will care"? Certainly looking at old sprite based games, I often find situations where the collision detection has subtle flaws, but I figure by now we can do better :-P. What are people's thoughts?

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  • dynamic module creation

    - by intuited
    I'd like to dynamically create a module from a dictionary, and I'm wondering if adding an element to sys.modules is really the best way to do this. EG context = { a: 1, b: 2 } import types test_context_module = types.ModuleType('TestContext', 'Module created to provide a context for tests') test_context_module.__dict__.update(context) import sys sys.modules['TestContext'] = test_context_module My immediate goal in this regard is to be able to provide a context for timing test execution: import timeit timeit.Timer('a + b', 'from TestContext import *') It seems that there are other ways to do this, since the Timer constructor takes objects as well as strings. I'm still interested in learning how to do this though, since a) it has other potential applications; and b) I'm not sure exactly how to use objects with the Timer constructor; doing so may prove to be less appropriate than this approach in some circumstances. EDITS/REVELATIONS/PHOOEYS/EUREKAE: I've realized that the example code relating to running timing tests won't actually work, because import * only works at the module level, and the context in which that statement is executed is that of a function in the testit module. In other words, the globals dictionary used when executing that code is that of main, since that's where I was when I wrote the code in the interactive shell. So that rationale for figuring this out is a bit botched, but it's still a valid question. I've discovered that the code run in the first set of examples has the undesirable effect that the namespace in which the newly created module's code executes is that of the module in which it was declared, not its own module. This is like way weird, and could lead to all sorts of unexpected rattlesnakeic sketchiness. So I'm pretty sure that this is not how this sort of thing is meant to be done, if it is in fact something that the Guido doth shine upon. The similar-but-subtly-different case of dynamically loading a module from a file that is not in python's include path is quite easily accomplished using imp.load_source('NewModuleName', 'path/to/module/module_to_load.py'). This does load the module into sys.modules. However this doesn't really answer my question, because really, what if you're running python on an embedded platform with no filesystem? I'm battling a considerable case of information overload at the moment, so I could be mistaken, but there doesn't seem to be anything in the imp module that's capable of this. But the question, essentially, at this point is how to set the global (ie module) context for an object. Maybe I should ask that more specifically? And at a larger scope, how to get Python to do this while shoehorning objects into a given module?

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  • Using jQuery or javascript to render json into multi-column table

    - by Scott Yu - UX designer
    I am trying to render a JSON into a HTML table. But the difficulty is making it so it loops through JSON and renders multiple columns if necessary. For the example below, what I want is this: Result wanted Result Wanted <table> <tr><th>AppName</th><td>App 1</td><td>App 2</td></tr> <tr><th>Last Modified</th><td>10/1/2012</td><td></td></tr> <tr><th>App Logo</th><td>10/1/2012</td><td></td></tr> blahblah </table> <table> <tr><th>AppName</th><td>App 1</td></tr> blahblah </table> JSON Example "Records": [ { "AppName": "App 1", "LastModified": "10/1/2012, 9:30AM", "ShipTo_Name": "Dan North", "ShipTo_Address": "Dan North", "ShipTo_Terms": "Dan North", "ShipTo_DueDate": "Dan North", "Items 1": [ { "Item_Name": "Repairs", "Item_Description": "Repair Work" } ] }, { "AppName": "App 2", "AppLogo": "http://www.google.com/logo.png", "LastModified": "10/1/2012, 9:30AM", "BillTo_Name": "Steve North", "Items 1": [ { "Item_Name": "Repairs", "Item_Description": "Repair Work" } ] } ], "Records": [ { "AppName": "App 1", "LastModified": "10/1/2012, 9:30AM", "ShipTo_Name": "222", "ShipTo_Address": "333 ", "ShipTo_Terms": "444", "ShipTo_DueDate": "5555", "Items 1": [ { "Item_Name": "Repairs", "Item_Description": "Repair Work" } ] } ], Code I am using now function CreateComparisonTable (arr,level,k) { var dumped_text = ""; if(!level) level = 0; //The padding given at the beginning of the line. var level_padding = ""; for(var j=0;j<level+1;j++) level_padding = "--"; if(typeof(arr) == 'object') { //Array/Hashes/Objects for (var item in arr) { var value = arr[item]; if (typeof(value) == 'object') { //If it is an array, if(item !=0) { dumped_text += '<tr><td>' + item + '<br>'; dumped_text += CreateComparisonTable(value,level+1); dumped_text += '</td></tr>'; } else { dumped_text += CreateComparisonTable(value,level, value.length); } } else { dumped_text += '<tr><td>' + level_padding + item + '</td><td>' + value + '</td></tr>'; } } } return dumped_text; } Jsfiddle here

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  • What is GC holes?

    - by tianyi
    I wrote a long TCP connection socket server in C#. Spike in memory in my server happens. I used dotNet Memory Profiler(a tool) to detect where the memory leaks. Memory Profiler indicates the private heap is huge, and the memory is something like below(the number is not real,what I want to show is the GC0 and GC2's Holes are very very huge, the data size is normal): Managed heaps - 1,500,000KB Normal heap - 1400,000KB Generation #0 - 600,000KB Data - 100,000KB "Holes" - 500,000KB Generation #1 - xxKB Data - 0KB "Holes" - xKB Generation #2 - xxxxxxxxxxxxxKB Data - 100,000KB "Holes" - 700,000KB Large heap - 131072KB Large heap - 83KB Overhead/unused - 130989KB Overhead - 0KB Howerver, what is GC hole? I read an article about the hole: http://kaushalp.blogspot.com/2007/04/what-is-gc-hole-and-how-to-create-gc.html The author said : The code snippet below is the simplest way to introduce a GC hole into the system. //OBJECTREF is a typedef for Object*. { PointerTable *pTBL = o_pObjectClass->GetPointerTable(); OBJECTREF aObj = AllocateObjectMemory(pTBL); OBJECTREF bObj = AllocateObjectMemory(pTBL); //WRONG!!! “aObj” may point to garbage if the second //“AllocateObjectMemory” triggered a GC. DoSomething (aOb, bObj); } All it does is allocate two managed objects, and then does something with them both. This code compiles fine, and if you run simple pre-checkin tests, it will probably “work.” But this code will crash eventually. Why? If the second call to “AllocateObjectMemory” triggers a GC, that GC discards the object instance you just assigned to “aObj”. This code, like all C++ code inside the CLR, is compiled by a non-managed compiler and the GC cannot know that “aObj” holds a root reference to an object you want kept live. ======================================================================== I can't understand what he explained. Does the sample mean aObj becomes a wild pointer after GC? Is it mean { aObj = (*aObj)malloc(sizeof(object)); free(aObj); function(aObj);? } ? I hope somebody can explain it.

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  • How to resize an openGL window created with wglCreateContext?

    - by Nick
    Is it possible to resize an openGL window (or device context) created with wglCreateContext without disabling it? If so how? Right now I have a function which resizes the DC but the only way I could get it to work was to call DisableOpenGL and then re-enable. This causes any textures and other state changes to be lost. I would like to do this without the disable so that I do not have to go through the tedious task of recreating the openGL DC state. HWND hWnd; HDC hDC; void View_setSizeWin32(int width, int height) { // resize the window LPRECT rec = malloc(sizeof(RECT)); GetWindowRect(hWnd, rec); SetWindowPos( hWnd, HWND_TOP, rec->left, rec->top, rec->left+width, rec->left+height, SWP_NOMOVE ); free(rec); // sad panda DisableOpenGL( hWnd, hDC, hRC ); EnableOpenGL( hWnd, &hDC, &hRC ); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); glOrtho(-(width/2), width/2, -(height/2), height/2, -1.0, 1.0); // have fun recreating the openGL state.... } void EnableOpenGL(HWND hWnd, HDC * hDC, HGLRC * hRC) { PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd; int format; // get the device context (DC) *hDC = GetDC( hWnd ); // set the pixel format for the DC ZeroMemory( &pfd, sizeof( pfd ) ); pfd.nSize = sizeof( pfd ); pfd.nVersion = 1; pfd.dwFlags = PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW | PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL | PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER; pfd.iPixelType = PFD_TYPE_RGBA; pfd.cColorBits = 24; pfd.cDepthBits = 16; pfd.iLayerType = PFD_MAIN_PLANE; format = ChoosePixelFormat( *hDC, &pfd ); SetPixelFormat( *hDC, format, &pfd ); // create and enable the render context (RC) *hRC = wglCreateContext( *hDC ); wglMakeCurrent( *hDC, *hRC ); } void DisableOpenGL(HWND hWnd, HDC hDC, HGLRC hRC) { wglMakeCurrent( NULL, NULL ); wglDeleteContext( hRC ); ReleaseDC( hWnd, hDC ); }

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  • Linux, GNU GCC, ld, version scripts and the ELF binary format -- How does it work??

    - by themoondothshine
    Hey all, I'm trying to learn more about library versioning in Linux and how to put it all to work. Here's the context: -- I have two versions of a dynamic library which expose the same set of interfaces, say libsome1.so and libsome2.so. -- An application is linked against libsome1.so. -- This application uses libdl.so to dynamically load another module, say libmagic.so. -- Now libmagic.so is linked against libsome2.so. Obviously, without using linker scripts to hide symbols in libmagic.so, at run-time all calls to interfaces in libsome2.so are resolved to libsome1.so. This can be confirmed by checking the value returned by libVersion() against the value of the macro LIB_VERSION. -- So I try next to compile and link libmagic.so with a linker script which hides all symbols except 3 which are defined in libmagic.so and are exported by it. This works... Or at least libVersion() and LIB_VERSION values match (and it reports version 2 not 1). -- However, when some data structures are serialized to disk, I noticed some corruption. In the application's directory if I delete libsome1.so and create a soft link in its place to point to libsome2.so, everything works as expected and the same corruption does not happen. I can't help but think that this may be caused due to some conflict in the run-time linker's resolution of symbols. I've tried many things, like trying to link libsome2.so so that all symbols are alised to symbol@@VER_2 (which I am still confused about because the command nm -CD libsome2.so still lists symbols as symbol and not symbol@@VER_2)... Nothing seems to work!!! Help!!!!!! Edit: I should have mentioned it earlier, but the app in question is Firefox, and libsome1.so is libsqlite3.so shipped with it. I don't quite have the option of recompiling them. Also, using version scripts to hide symbols seems to be the only solution right now. So what really happens when symbols are hidden? Do they become 'local' to the SO? Does rtld have no knowledge of their existence? What happens when an exported function refers to a hidden symbol?

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  • X264 encoding using Opencv

    - by user573193
    I am working with a high resolution camera: 4008x2672. I a writing a simple program which grabs frame from the camera and sends the frame to a avi file. For working with such a high resolution, I found only x264 codec that could do the trick (Suggestions welcome). I am using opencv for most of the image handling stuff. As mentioned in this post http://doom10.org/index.php?topic=1019.0 , I modified the AVCodecContext members as per ffmpeg presets for libx264 (Had to do this to avoid broken ffmpeg defaults settings error). This is output I am getting when I try to run the program [libx264 @ 0x992d040]non-strictly-monotonic PTS 1294846981.526675 1 0 //Timestamp camera_no frame_no 1294846981.621101 1 1 1294846981.715521 1 2 1294846981.809939 1 3 1294846981.904360 1 4 1294846981.998782 1 5 1294846982.093203 1 6 Last message repeated 7 times [avi @ 0x992beb0]st:0 error, non monotone timestamps -614891469123651720 = -614891469123651720 OpenCV Error: Unspecified error (Error while writing video frame) in icv_av_write_frame_FFMPEG, file /home/ajoshi/ext/OpenCV-2.2.0/modules/highgui/src/cap_ffmpeg.cpp, line 1034 terminate called after throwing an instance of 'cv::Exception' what(): /home/ajoshi/ext/OpenCV-2.2.0/modules/highgui/src/cap_ffmpeg.cpp:1034: error: (-2) Error while writing video frame in function icv_av_write_frame_FFMPEG Aborted Modifications to the AVCodecContext are: if(codec_id == CODEC_ID_H264) { //fprintf(stderr, "Trying to parse a preset file for libx264\n"); //Setting Values manually from medium preset c-me_method = 7; c-qcompress=0.6; c-qmin = 10; c-qmax = 51; c-max_qdiff = 4; c-i_quant_factor=0.71; c-max_b_frames=3; c-b_frame_strategy = 1; c-me_range = 16; c-me_subpel_quality=7; c-coder_type = 1; c-scenechange_threshold=40; c-partitions = X264_PART_I8X8 | X264_PART_I4X4 | X264_PART_P8X8 | X264_PART_B8X8; c-flags = CODEC_FLAG_LOOP_FILTER; c-flags2 = CODEC_FLAG2_BPYRAMID | CODEC_FLAG2_MIXED_REFS | CODEC_FLAG2_WPRED | CODEC_FLAG2_8X8DCT | CODEC_FLAG2_FASTPSKIP; c-keyint_min = 25; c-refs = 3; c-trellis=1; c-directpred = 1; c-weighted_p_pred=2; } I am probably not setting the dts and pts values which I believed ffmpeg should be setting it for me. Any sugggestions welcome. Thanks in advance

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  • C++ Class Access Specifier Verbosity

    - by PolyTex
    A "traditional" C++ class (just some random declarations) might resemble the following: class Foo { public: Foo(); explicit Foo(const std::string&); ~Foo(); enum FooState { Idle, Busy, Unknown }; FooState GetState() const; bool GetBar() const; void SetBaz(int); private: struct FooPartialImpl; void HelperFunction1(); void HelperFunction2(); void HelperFunction3(); FooPartialImpl* m_impl; // smart ptr FooState m_state; bool m_bar; int m_baz; }; I always found this type of access level specification ugly and difficult to follow if the original programmer didn't organize his "access regions" neatly. Taking a look at the same snippet in a Java/C# style, we get: class Foo { public: Foo(); public: explicit Foo(const std::string&); public: ~Foo(); public: enum FooState { Idle, Busy, Unknown }; public: FooState GetState() const; public: bool GetBar() const; public: void SetBaz(int); private: struct FooPartialImpl; private: void HelperFunction1(); private: void HelperFunction2(); private: void HelperFunction3(); private: FooPartialImpl* m_impl; // smart ptr private: FooState m_state; private: bool m_bar; private: int m_baz; }; In my opinion, this is much easier to read in a header because the access specifier is right next to the target, and not a bunch of lines away. I found this especially true when working with header-only template code that wasn't separated into the usual "*.hpp/*.inl" pair. In that scenario, the size of the function implementations overpowered this small but important information. My question is simple and stems from the fact that I've never seen anyone else actively do this in their C++ code. Assuming that I don't have a "Class View" capable IDE, are there any obvious drawbacks to using this level of verbosity? Any other style recommendations are welcome!

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  • HTML table ignoring element-style width

    - by sangil
    HTML table ignoring element-style width I have an HTML table where certain cells have very long text contents. I want to specify a width (in pixels) for these cells using jQuery, but the rendered table just ignores the given width. Is there any way to force the table to respect this width? Thanks! JSFiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/sangil/6hejy/35/ (If you inspect the cell you can see the the computed width is different than the element-style width) HTML: <div id="tblcont" class="tblcont"> <table id="pivot_table"> <tbody> <tr> <th id="h0" >product</th> <th id="h1" >price</th> <th id="h2" >change</th> </tr> <tr> <!-- this is the cell causing trouble --> <td id="c00" >Acer 2400 aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa</td> <td id="c01" >3212</td> <td id="c02" >219</td> </tr> <tr> <td id="c10" >Acer</td> <td id="c11" >3821</td> <td id="c12" >206</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> CSS: .tblcont { overflow: hidden; width: 500px; } table { table-layout: fixed; border-collapse: collapse; overflow-x: scroll; border-spacing:0; width: 100%; } th, td { overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; word-wrap: break-word; } th { height: 50px; } ?Javascript: $(document).ready(function() { // THIS LINE HAS NO EFFECT! $('#c00').width(30); });

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  • How do I do distributed UML development (à la FOSS)?

    - by James A. Rosen
    I have a UML project (built in IBM's Rational System Architect/Modeler, so stored in their XML format) that has grown quite large. Additionally, it now contains several pieces that other groups would like to re-use. I come from a software development (especially FOSS) background, and am trying to understand how to use that as an analogy here. The problem I am grappling with is similar to the Fragile Base Class problem. Let me start with how it works in an object-oriented (say, Java or Ruby) FOSS ecosystem: Group 1 publishes some "core" package, say "net/smtp version 1.0" Group 2 includes Group 1's net/smtp 1.0 package in the vendor library of their software project At some point, Group 1 creates a new 2.0 branch of net/smtp that breaks backwards compatibility (say, it removes an old class or method, or moves a class from one package to another). They tell users of the 1.0 version that it will be deprecated in one year. Group 2, when they have the time, updates to net/smtp 2.0. When they drop in the new package, their compiler (or test suite, for Ruby) tells them about the incompatibility. They do have to make some manual changes, but all of the changes are in the code, in plain text, a medium with which they are quite familiar. Plus, they can often use their IDE's (or text editor's) "global-search-and-replace" function once they figure out what the fixes are. When we try to apply this model to UML in RSA, we run into some problems. RSA supports some fairly powerful refactorings, but they seem to only work if you have write access to all of the pieces. If I rename a class in one package, RSA can rename the references, but only at the same time. It's very difficult to look at the underlying source (the XML) and figure out what's broken. To fix such a problem in the RSA editor itself means tons of clicking on things -- there is no good equivalent of "global-search-and-replace," at least not after an incomplete refactor. They real sticking point seems to be that RSA assumes that you want to do all your editing using their GUI, but that makes certain operations prohibitively difficult. Does anyone have examples of open-source UML projects that have overcome this problem? What strategies do they use for communicating changes?

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  • How do I make a full screen scrolling messagebox or window?

    - by chobo2
    Hi First let me start of saying I know absolutely nothing about c++ and I am really just more interested in getting this to work then learning c++(I got enough on my plate to learn). So basically I am trying to make a terms of service for my windows mobile 6 professional application but it seems I need to use c++ to do it. After hours of searching I found a solution but it developed for windows mobile standard. So they somehow used c++ to make a message box and on standard devices(ie non touch screen phones) the message box can have like scrolling. For some reason this is not the case with professional devices(touch screen devices). So my message box goes off the page and you can never accept or decline the terms. So your stuck and on the screen forever till you do some sort of soft restart. http://www.mobilepractices.com/2008/10/setupdll-sample-and-walkthrough-terms.html The above link is the tutorial but here is the actual file that seems to display the message. #include "stdafx.h" #include "ce_setup.h" // This is a variable containing the text to be displayed // in the Terms & Conditions dialog TCHAR Message[] = _T("TERMS & CONDITIONS\r\n ") _T("Selecting YES you're accepting our terms & conditions.\r\n") _T("This is just a sample application.\r\n") _T("From http://www.mobilepractices.com\r\n") _T("You can replace this text with your own.\r\n") _T("We're using a setup.dll to show this dialog.\r\n") _T("Extra line to force vertical scrollbar.\r\n") _T("Extra line to force vertical scrollbar.\r\n") _T("Extra line to force vertical scrollbar.\r\n") _T("Extra line to force vertical scrollbar.\r\n") _T("Extra line to force vertical scrollbar.\r\n") _T("Extra line to force vertical scrollbar.\r\n") _T("Last line.\r\n") ; // This function will be called when the user // tries to install the cab. According to its return // value the installation continues or is cancelled. // As this could be called more than once // (i.e. if there is not enough space on the target) // we should take care about fFirstCall parameter // to show the dialog only once. codeINSTALL_INIT Install_Init( HWND hwndParent, BOOL fFirstCall, BOOL fPreviouslyInstalled, LPCTSTR pszInstallDir ) { if (!fFirstCall || ::MessageBoxW(0, Message, _T("SplashScreenSample") , MB_YESNO) == IDYES) return codeINSTALL_INIT_CONTINUE; else return codeINSTALL_INIT_CANCEL; } So I want to change this to something that can scroll. Can I use like a panel control since I know what has scroll or something else? Thanks

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  • Backbone.js (model instanceof Model) via Chrome Extension

    - by Leoncelot
    Hey guys, This is my first time ever posting on this site and the problem I'm about to pose is difficult to articulate due to the set of variables required to arrive at it. Let me just quickly explain the framework I'm working with. I'm building a Chrome Extension using jQuery, jQuery-ui, and Backbone The entire JS suite for the extension is written in CoffeeScript and I'm utilizing Rails and the asset pipeline to manage it all. This means that when I want to deploy my extension code I run rake assets:precompile and copy the resulting compressed JS to my extensions Directory. The nice thing about this approach is that I can actually run the extension js from inside my Rails app by including the library. This is basically the same as my extensions background.js file which injects the js as a content script. Anyway, the problem I've recently encountered was when I tried testing my extension on my buddy's site, whiskeynotes.com. What I was noticing is that my backbone models were being mangled upon adding them to their respective collections. So something like this.collection.add(new SomeModel) created some nonsense version of my model. This code eventually runs into Backbone's prepareModel code _prepareModel: function(model, options) { options || (options = {}); if (!(model instanceof Model)) { var attrs = model; options.collection = this; model = new this.model(attrs, options); if (!model._validate(model.attributes, options)) model = false; } else if (!model.collection) { model.collection = this; } return model; }, Now, in most of the sites on which I've tested the extension, the result is normal, however on my buddy's site the !(model instance Model) evaluates to true even though it is actually an instance of the correct class. The consequence is a super messed up version of the model where the model's attributes is a reference to the models collection (strange right?). Needless to say, all kinds of crazy things were happening afterward. Why this is occurring is beyond me. However changing this line (!(model instanceof Model)) to (!(model instanceof Backbone.Model)) seems to fix the problem. I thought maybe it had something to do with the Flot library (jQuery graph library) creating their own version of 'Model' but looking through the source yielded no instances of it. I'm just curious as to why this would happen. And does it make sense to add this little change to the Backbone source? Update: I just realized that the "fix" doesn't actually work. I can also add that my backbone Models are namespaced in a wrapping object so that declaration looks something like class SomeNamespace.SomeModel extends Backbone.Model

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  • Ideas on implementing threads and cross process communication. - C

    - by Jamie Keeling
    Hello all! I have an application consisting of two windows, one communicates to the other and sends it a struct constaining two integers (In this case two rolls of a dice). I will be using events for the following circumstances: Process a sends data to process b, process b displays data Process a closes, in turn closing process b Process b closes a, in turn closing process a I have noticed that if the second process is constantly waiting for the first process to send data then the program will be just sat waiting, which is where the idea of implementing threads on each process occured. I have already implemented a thread on the first process which currently creates the data to send to the second process and makes it available to the second process. The problem i'm having is that I don't exactly have a lot of experience with threads and events so I'm not sure of the best way to actually implement what I want to do. Following is a small snippet of what I have so far in the producer application; Rolling the dice and sending the data: case IDM_FILE_ROLLDICE: { hDiceRoll = CreateThread( NULL, // lpThreadAttributes (default) 0, // dwStackSize (default) ThreadFunc(hMainWindow), // lpStartAddress NULL, // lpParameter 0, // dwCreationFlags &hDiceID // lpThreadId (returned by function) ); } break; The data being sent to the other process: DWORD WINAPI ThreadFunc(LPVOID passedHandle) { HANDLE hMainHandle = *((HANDLE*)passedHandle); WCHAR buffer[256]; LPCTSTR pBuf; LPVOID lpMsgBuf; LPVOID lpDisplayBuf; struct diceData storage; HANDLE hMapFile; DWORD dw; //Roll dice and store results in variable storage = RollDice(); hMapFile = CreateFileMapping( (HANDLE)0xFFFFFFFF, // use paging file NULL, // default security PAGE_READWRITE, // read/write access 0, // maximum object size (high-order DWORD) BUF_SIZE, // maximum object size (low-order DWORD) szName); // name of mapping object if (hMapFile == NULL) { dw = GetLastError(); MessageBox(hMainHandle,L"Could not create file mapping object",L"Error",MB_OK); return 1; } pBuf = (LPTSTR) MapViewOfFile(hMapFile, // handle to map object FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS, // read/write permission 0, 0, BUF_SIZE); if (pBuf == NULL) { MessageBox(hMainHandle,L"Could not map view of file",L"Error",MB_OK); CloseHandle(hMapFile); return 1; } CopyMemory((PVOID)pBuf, &storage, (_tcslen(szMsg) * sizeof(TCHAR))); //_getch(); MessageBox(hMainHandle,L"Completed!",L"Success",MB_OK); UnmapViewOfFile(pBuf); return 0; } I'd like to think I am at least on the right lines, although for some reason when the application finishes creating the thread it hits the return DefWindowProc(hMainWindow, message, wParam, lParam); it crashes saying there's no more source code for the current location. I know there are certain ways to implement things but as I've mentioned I'm not sure if i'm doing this the right way, has anybody else tried to do the same thing? Thanks!

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  • how SendMailMAPI is adjusted to support multiple file attachments

    - by Tom
    I have this code that sends just one attachment by time, how can I adjust this code to send 1-2 attachments? function SendMailMAPI(const Subject, Body, FileName, SenderName, SenderEMail, RecepientName, RecepientEMail: String) : Integer; var message: TMapiMessage; lpSender, lpRecepient: TMapiRecipDesc; FileAttach: TMapiFileDesc; SM: TFNMapiSendMail; MAPIModule: HModule; begin FillChar(message, SizeOf(message), 0); with message do begin if (Subject<>'') then begin lpszSubject := PChar(Subject) end; if (Body<>'') then begin lpszNoteText := PChar(Body) end; if (SenderEMail<>'') then begin lpSender.ulRecipClass := MAPI_ORIG; if (SenderName='') then begin lpSender.lpszName := PChar(SenderEMail) end else begin lpSender.lpszName := PChar(SenderName) end; lpSender.lpszAddress := PChar('SMTP:'+SenderEMail); lpSender.ulReserved := 0; lpSender.ulEIDSize := 0; lpSender.lpEntryID := nil; lpOriginator := @lpSender; end; if (RecepientEMail<>'') then begin lpRecepient.ulRecipClass := MAPI_TO; if (RecepientName='') then begin lpRecepient.lpszName := PChar(RecepientEMail) end else begin lpRecepient.lpszName := PChar(RecepientName) end; lpRecepient.lpszAddress := PChar('SMTP:'+RecepientEMail); lpRecepient.ulReserved := 0; lpRecepient.ulEIDSize := 0; lpRecepient.lpEntryID := nil; nRecipCount := 1; lpRecips := @lpRecepient; end else begin lpRecips := nil end; if (FileName='') then begin nFileCount := 0; lpFiles := nil; end else begin FillChar(FileAttach, SizeOf(FileAttach), 0); FileAttach.nPosition := Cardinal($FFFFFFFF); FileAttach.lpszPathName := PChar(FileName); nFileCount := 1; lpFiles := @FileAttach; end; end; MAPIModule := LoadLibrary(PChar(MAPIDLL)); if MAPIModule=0 then begin Result := -1 end else begin try @SM := GetProcAddress(MAPIModule, 'MAPISendMail'); if @SM<>nil then begin Result := SM(0, Application.Handle, message, MAPI_DIALOG or MAPI_LOGON_UI, 0); end else begin Result := 1 end; finally FreeLibrary(MAPIModule); end; end; if Result<>0 then begin MessageDlg('Error sending mail ('+IntToStr(Result)+').', mtError, [mbOk], 0) end; end;

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  • jQuery Validation Plugin: Packer undefined error?

    - by Rosarch
    I'm using the jQuery validation plugin from bassistance.de. It works fine. From <head>: <script type="text/javascript" src="/static/JQuery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/static/js-lib/jquery.validate.pack.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/static/js-lib/jquery.validate.additional-methods.js"></script> At first, this was the only validation code I had, and it worked: $("form").validate(); $("#form-username").rules("add", { required: true, email: true, }); It was validating this HTML: <form id="form-username-form" action="api/user_of_email" method="get"> <p> <label for="form-username">Email:</label> <input type="text" name="email" id="form-username" /> <input type="submit" value="Submit" id="form-submit" /> </p> </form> Great, everything works. But then I add this JS: $("#form-choose-options input[type='text']").rules("add", { number: true, }); to validate this markup: <form id="form-choose-options" action="api/set_options" method="get"> <p> <label for="form-min-credits">Min credits per term:</label><input type="text" name="min_credits" id="form-min-credits" /> <br /> <label for="form-optimal-credits">Optimal credits per term:</label><input type="text" name="optimal_credits" id="form-optimal-credits" /> <br /> <label for="form-max-credits">Max credits per term:</label><input type="text" name="max_credits" id="form-max-credits" /> <br /> <label for="form-low-GPA">Lowest acceptable GPA:</label><input type="text" name="low_GPA" id="form-low-GPA" /> <br /> <label for="form-high-GPA">Highest realistic GPA:</label><input type="text" name="high_GPA" id="form-high-GPA" /> <br /> <input type="hidden" class="user-pk" name="pk"/> <input type="submit" value="Submit" /> </p> </form> This causes a javascript error on document load: $.data(f.form, "validator") is undefined The error is from the packer function. What am I doing wrong?

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  • Rails, Edit page update in a window

    - by Mike
    I have my code working so that I have a table of businesses. There's a pencil icon you can click on the edit the business information. The edit information comes up in a partial inside of a modal pop up box. The only problem is that once they make the changes they want and click update, it sends them to the 'show' page for that business. What I want to happen is have the pop up box close and have it update the information. This is my update function in my controller. def update @business = Business.find(params[:id]) respond_to do |format| if @business.update_attributes(params[:business]) flash[:notice] = 'Business was successfully updated.' format.html { redirect_to(business_url(@business)) } format.js else format.html { render :action => "edit" } format.xml { render :xml => @business.errors, :status => :unprocessable_entity } end end end I tried following railscast 43 and i created an .rjs file but I couldn't get that to work at all. My update was still taking me to the show page. Any help would be appreciated. EDIT: Added some more code. <% form_for(@business) do |f| %> <%= f.error_messages %> <p> <%= f.label :name %><br /> <%= f.text_field :name %> </p> ... <%= f.label :business_category %><br /> <%= f.select :business_category_id, @business_categories_map, :selected => @business.business_category_id %> </p> <p> <%= f.label :description %><br /> <%= f.text_area :description %> </p> <p> <%= f.submit 'Update' %> </p> <% end %> This is my form inside of my edit page which is being called through the index in a pop up by: <div id="popupEdit<%=h business.id %>" class="popupContact"> <a class="popupClose<%=h business.id %>" id="popupClose">x</a> <% if business.business_category_id %> <% @business = business %> <%= render "business/edit" %> <% end %> </div>

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  • How can I render multiple windows with DirectX 9 in C++?

    - by Friso1990
    I'm trying to render multiple windows, using DirectX 9 and swap chains, but even though I create 2 windows, I only see the first one that I've created. My RendererDX9 header is this: #include <d3d9.h> #include <Windows.h> #include <vector> #include "RAT_Renderer.h" namespace RAT_ENGINE { class RAT_RendererDX9 : public RAT_Renderer { public: RAT_RendererDX9(); ~RAT_RendererDX9(); void Init(RAT_WindowManager* argWMan); void CleanUp(); void ShowWin(); private: LPDIRECT3D9 renderInterface; // Used to create the D3DDevice LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 renderDevice; // Our rendering device LPDIRECT3DSWAPCHAIN9* swapChain; // Swapchain to make multi-window rendering possible WNDCLASSEX wc; std::vector<HWND> hwindows; void Render(int argI); }; } And my .cpp file is this: #include "RAT_RendererDX9.h" static LRESULT CALLBACK MsgProc( HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ); namespace RAT_ENGINE { RAT_RendererDX9::RAT_RendererDX9() : renderInterface(NULL), renderDevice(NULL) { } RAT_RendererDX9::~RAT_RendererDX9() { } void RAT_RendererDX9::Init(RAT_WindowManager* argWMan) { wMan = argWMan; // Register the window class WNDCLASSEX windowClass = { sizeof( WNDCLASSEX ), CS_CLASSDC, MsgProc, 0, 0, GetModuleHandle( NULL ), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, "foo", NULL }; wc = windowClass; RegisterClassEx( &wc ); for (int i = 0; i< wMan->getWindows().size(); ++i) { HWND hWnd = CreateWindow( "foo", argWMan->getWindow(i)->getName().c_str(), WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, argWMan->getWindow(i)->getX(), argWMan->getWindow(i)->getY(), argWMan->getWindow(i)->getWidth(), argWMan->getWindow(i)->getHeight(), NULL, NULL, wc.hInstance, NULL ); hwindows.push_back(hWnd); } // Create the D3D object, which is needed to create the D3DDevice. renderInterface = (LPDIRECT3D9)Direct3DCreate9( D3D_SDK_VERSION ); // Set up the structure used to create the D3DDevice. Most parameters are // zeroed out. We set Windowed to TRUE, since we want to do D3D in a // window, and then set the SwapEffect to "discard", which is the most // efficient method of presenting the back buffer to the display. And // we request a back buffer format that matches the current desktop display // format. D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS deviceConfig; ZeroMemory( &deviceConfig, sizeof( deviceConfig ) ); deviceConfig.Windowed = TRUE; deviceConfig.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD; deviceConfig.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_UNKNOWN; deviceConfig.BackBufferHeight = 1024; deviceConfig.BackBufferWidth = 768; deviceConfig.EnableAutoDepthStencil = TRUE; deviceConfig.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D16; // Create the Direct3D device. Here we are using the default adapter (most // systems only have one, unless they have multiple graphics hardware cards // installed) and requesting the HAL (which is saying we want the hardware // device rather than a software one). Software vertex processing is // specified since we know it will work on all cards. On cards that support // hardware vertex processing, though, we would see a big performance gain // by specifying hardware vertex processing. renderInterface->CreateDevice( D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, hwindows[0], D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING, &deviceConfig, &renderDevice ); this->swapChain = new LPDIRECT3DSWAPCHAIN9[wMan->getWindows().size()]; this->renderDevice->GetSwapChain(0, &swapChain[0]); for (int i = 0; i < wMan->getWindows().size(); ++i) { renderDevice->CreateAdditionalSwapChain(&deviceConfig, &swapChain[i]); } renderDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_CULLMODE, D3DCULL_CCW); // Set cullmode to counterclockwise culling to save resources renderDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_AMBIENT, 0xffffffff); // Turn on ambient lighting renderDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ZENABLE, TRUE); // Turn on the zbuffer } void RAT_RendererDX9::CleanUp() { renderDevice->Release(); renderInterface->Release(); } void RAT_RendererDX9::Render(int argI) { // Clear the backbuffer to a blue color renderDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB( 0, 0, 255 ), 1.0f, 0 ); LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 backBuffer = NULL; // Set draw target this->swapChain[argI]->GetBackBuffer(0, D3DBACKBUFFER_TYPE_MONO, &backBuffer); this->renderDevice->SetRenderTarget(0, backBuffer); // Begin the scene renderDevice->BeginScene(); // End the scene renderDevice->EndScene(); swapChain[argI]->Present(NULL, NULL, hwindows[argI], NULL, 0); } void RAT_RendererDX9::ShowWin() { for (int i = 0; i < wMan->getWindows().size(); ++i) { ShowWindow( hwindows[i], SW_SHOWDEFAULT ); UpdateWindow( hwindows[i] ); // Enter the message loop MSG msg; while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) ) { if (PeekMessage( &msg, NULL, 0U, 0U, PM_REMOVE ) ) { TranslateMessage( &msg ); DispatchMessage( &msg ); } else { Render(i); } } } } } LRESULT CALLBACK MsgProc( HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { switch( msg ) { case WM_DESTROY: //CleanUp(); PostQuitMessage( 0 ); return 0; case WM_PAINT: //Render(); ValidateRect( hWnd, NULL ); return 0; } return DefWindowProc( hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam ); } I've made a sample function to make multiple windows: void RunSample1() { //Create the window manager. RAT_ENGINE::RAT_WindowManager* wMan = new RAT_ENGINE::RAT_WindowManager(); //Create the render manager. RAT_ENGINE::RAT_RenderManager* rMan = new RAT_ENGINE::RAT_RenderManager(); //Create a window. //This is currently needed to initialize the render manager and create a renderer. wMan->CreateRATWindow("Sample 1 - 1", 10, 20, 640, 480); wMan->CreateRATWindow("Sample 1 - 2", 150, 100, 480, 640); //Initialize the render manager. rMan->Init(wMan); //Show the window. rMan->getRenderer()->ShowWin(); } How do I get the multiple windows to work?

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