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  • #OOW 2012 @PARIS...talking Oracle and Clouds, and Optimized Datacenter

    - by Eric Bezille
    For those of you who want to get most out of Oracle technologies to evolve your IT to the Next Wave, I encourage you to register to the up coming Oracle Optimized Datacenter event that will take place in Paris on November 28th. You will get the opportunity to exchange with Oracle experts and customers having successfully evolve their IT by leveraging Oracle technologies. You will also get the latest news on some of the Oracle systems announcements made during OOW 2012. During this event we will make an update about Oracle and Clouds, from private to public and hybrid models. So in preparing this session, I thought it was a good start to make a status of Cloud Computing in France, and CIO requirements in particular. Starting in 2009 with the first Cloud Camp in Paris, the market has evolved, but the basics are still the same : think hybrid. From Traditional IT to Clouds One size doesn't fit all, and for big companies having already an IT in place, there will be parts eligible to external (public) cloud, and parts that would be required to stay inside the firewalls, so ability to integrate both side is key.  None the less, one of the major impact of Cloud Computing trend on IT, reported by Forrester, is the pressure it makes on CIO to evolve towards the same model that end-users are now used to in their day to day life, where self-service and flexibility are paramount. This is what is driving IT to transform itself toward "a Global Service Provider", or for some as "IT "is" the Business" (see : Gartner Identifies Four Futures for IT and CIO), and for both models toward a Private Cloud Service Provider. In this journey, there is still a big difference between most of existing external Cloud and a firm IT : the number of applications that a CIO has to manage. Most cloud providers today are overly specialized, but at the end of the day, there are really few business processes that rely on only one application. So CIOs has to combine everything together external and internal. And for the internal parts that they will have to make them evolve to a Private Cloud, the scope can be very large. This will often require CIOs to evolve from their traditional approach to more disruptive ones, the time has come to introduce new standards and processes, if they want to succeed. So let's have a look at the different Cloud models, what type of users they are addressing, what value they bring and most importantly what needs to be done by the  Cloud Provider, and what is left over to the user. IaaS, PaaS, SaaS : what's provided and what needs to be done First of all the Cloud Provider will have to provide all the infrastructure needed to deliver the service. And the more value IT will want to provide, the more IT will have to deliver and integrate : from disks to applications. As we can see in the above picture, providing pure IaaS, left a lot to cover for the end-user, that’s why the end-user targeted by this Cloud Service is IT people. If you want to bring more value to developers, you need to provide to them a development platform ready to use, which is what PaaS is standing for, by providing not only the processors power, storage and OS, but also the Database and Middleware platform. SaaS being the last mile of the Cloud, providing an application ready to use by business users, the remaining part for the end-users being configuring and specifying the application for their specific usage. In addition to that, there are common challenges encompassing all type of Cloud Services : Security : covering all aspect, not only of users management but also data flows and data privacy Charge back : measuring what is used and by whom Application management : providing capabilities not only to deploy, but also to upgrade, from OS for IaaS, Database, and Middleware for PaaS, to a full Business Application for SaaS. Scalability : ability to evolve ALL the components of the Cloud Provider stack as needed Availability : ability to cover “always on” requirements Efficiency : providing a infrastructure that leverage shared resources in an efficient way and still comply to SLA (performances, availability, scalability, and ability to evolve) Automation : providing the orchestration of ALL the components in all service life-cycle (deployment, growth & shrink (elasticity), upgrades,...) Management : providing monitoring, configuring and self-service up to the end-users Oracle Strategy and Clouds For CIOs to succeed in their Private Cloud implementation, means that they encompass all those aspects for each component life-cycle that they selected to build their Cloud. That’s where a multi-vendors layered approach comes short in terms of efficiency. That’s the reason why Oracle focus on taking care of all those aspects directly at Engineering level, to truly provide efficient Cloud Services solutions for IaaS, PaaS and SaaS. We are going as far as embedding software functions in hardware (storage, processor level,...) to ensure the best SLA with the highest efficiency. The beauty of it, as we rely on standards, is that the Oracle components that you are running today in-house, are exactly the same that we are using to build Clouds, bringing you flexibility, reversibility and fast path to adoption. With Oracle Engineered Systems (Exadata, Exalogic & SPARC SuperCluster, more specifically, when talking about Cloud), we are delivering all those components hardware and software already engineered together at Oracle factory, with a single pane of glace for the management of ALL the components through Oracle Enterprise Manager, and with high-availability, scalability and ability to evolve by design. To give you a feeling of what does that bring in terms just of implementation project timeline, for example with Oracle SPARC SuperCluster, we have a consistent track of record to have the system plug into existing Datacenter and ready in a week. This includes Oracle Database, OS, virtualization, Database Storage (Exadata Storage Cells in this case), Application Storage, and all network configuration. This strategy enable CIOs to very quickly build Cloud Services, taking out not only the complexity of integrating everything together but also taking out the automation and evolution complexity and cost. I invite you to discuss all those aspect in regards of your particular context face2face on November 28th.

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  • Ubuntu freezes/crash after wake when upgraded to 13.10

    - by krustbr
    Back on 13.04 it didn't occurred. I've upgraded to 13.10, systems apparently working fine, but, when I put it to sleep(using or not using extended monitor) and try to wake up, I see the screen(both), without lock-screen, but completely freeze, Neither tty open, nor the keyboard works. So, only option remains is to force shut-down. Any clue how to investigate the cause or fix it? Thanks in advance, any info that'll help you could ask! Ubuntu 13.10 x64 - not a fresh install/upgraded - with Unity Dell Vostro 3550 AMD Proprietary Drivers - 13.11 / Hybrid with Intel

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  • List of Appindicators

    - by user8592
    I installed Ubuntu 11.04 on one of my systems and I am using Unity interface. Unity is working quite nice so far but i really miss panel applets for net speed, cpu temp, and system monitor. These applets show useful quickinfo and unlike 10.10 there is no way to get these on panel or unity launcher. There are solutions like screenlets and conky but they don't feel appropriate for a clean desktop look. If you know then please list out any third party indicators with links so that they can be found at one place.

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  • Week in Geek: Malware-Infected Web Sites Doubled Since Last Year

    - by Asian Angel
    This week we learned how to get spelling autocorrect across all applications on a Windows system, “diagnose DSL hang ups, extract media files from PowerPoint presentations, & restrict IE to a single website”, customize the Ubuntu bootloader screen, get smartphone-style word suggestion on Windows systems, learned what character encodings are and how they differ, and more. Photo by Profound Whatever.HTG Explains: What Are Character Encodings and How Do They Differ?How To Make Disposable Sleeves for Your In-Ear MonitorsMacs Don’t Make You Creative! So Why Do Artists Really Love Apple?

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  • CS Concentrations and Career Paths

    - by xbonez
    I'm approaching the end of Sophomore year in college (Studying Computer Science), and very soon I'm going to have to decide on my concentration, but I honestly don't know what each concentration means. I basically have two questions: 1. How much influence does your concentration have on your career path? For example, would a video game development company only look at people with a concentration in Game Development? 2.It would be great if you guys could, in a line or two, tell me what sort of jobs am I looking at for each of the concentrations? I need to pick at least two of the 9 below. - Algorithms and Data Structures - Artificial Intelligence - Computer and Network Society - Computer graphics and vision - Human-Computer Interaction - Game Development and Design - Numeric and Symbolic Computation - Programming languages - Systems

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  • Skeletal Animation - Automatically apply skeleton to model

    - by Randomman159
    Looking at websites such as mixamo.com or some game's development systems such as the animation editor for Overgrowth (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-RpqbC5-Z0E), i see that the skeleton in these situations is automatically being applied to the models. I really don't expect (though wouldn't mind) code that does this, but i really am looking for some sort of pointer in the direction, or how they go about this. If any of you have done this, or know how to, please do reply, i don't want to spend the next week trying to crack it, then another to actually code it :P Thanks all :) Just for a bit more information, i am in C# working with OpenTK with my own custom model loader, etc. but i can easily adjust any given code / concept to fit with mine :)

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  • What Counts For a DBA: Fitness

    - by Louis Davidson
    If you know me, you can probably guess that physical exercise is not really my thing. There was a time in my past when it a larger part of my life, but even then never in the same sort of passionate way as a number of our SQL friends.  For me, I find that mental exercise satisfies what I believe to be the same inner need that drives people to run farther than I like to drive on most Saturday mornings, and it is certainly just as addictive. Mental fitness shares many common traits with physical fitness, especially the need to attain it through repetitive training. I only wish that mental training burned off a bacon cheeseburger in the same manner as does jogging around a dewy park on Saturday morning. In physical training, there are at least two goals, the first of which is to be physically able to do a task. The second is to train the brain to perform the task without thinking too hard about it. No matter how long it has been since you last rode a bike, you will be almost certainly be able to hop on and start riding without thinking about the process of pedaling or balancing. If you’ve never ridden a bike, you could be a physics professor /Olympic athlete and still crash the first few times you try, even though you are as strong as an ox and your knowledge of the physics of bicycle riding makes the concept child’s play. For programming tasks, the process is very similar. As a DBA, you will come to know intuitively how to backup, optimize, and secure database systems. As a data programmer, you will work to instinctively use the clauses of Transact-SQL DML so that, when you need to group data three ways (and not four), you will know to use the GROUP BY clause with GROUPING SETS without resorting to a search engine.  You have the skill. Making it naturally then requires repetition and experience is the primary requirement, not just simply learning about a topic. The hardest part of being really good at something is this difference between knowledge and skill. I have recently taken several informative training classes with Kimball University on data warehousing and ETL. Now I have a lot more knowledge about designing data warehouses than before. I have also done a good bit of data warehouse designing of late and have started to improve to some level of proficiency with the theory. Yet, for all of this head knowledge, it is still a struggle to take what I have learned and apply it to the designs I am working on.  Data warehousing is still a task that is not yet deeply ingrained in my brain muscle memory. On the other hand, relational database design is something that no matter how much or how little I may get to do it, I am comfortable doing it. I have done it as a profession now for well over a decade, I teach classes on it, and I also have done (and continue to do) a lot of mental training beyond the work day. Sometimes the training is just basic education, some reading blogs and attending sessions at PASS events.  My best training comes from spending time working on other people’s design issues in forums (though not nearly as much as I would like to lately). Working through other people’s problems is a great way to exercise your brain on problems with which you’re not immediately familiar. The final bit of exercise I find useful for cultivating mental fitness for a data professional is also probably the nerdiest thing that I will ever suggest you do.  Akin to running in place, the idea is to work through designs in your head. I have designed more than one database system that would revolutionize grocery store operations, sales at my local Target store, the ordering process at Amazon, and ways to improve Disney World operations to get me through a line faster (some of which they are starting to implement without any of my help.) Never are the designs truly fleshed out, but enough to work through structures and processes.  On “paper”, I have designed database systems to catalog things as trivial as my Lego creations, rental car companies and my audio and video collections. Once I get the database designed mentally, sometimes I will create the database, add some data (often using Red-Gate’s Data Generator), and write a few queries to see if a concept was realistic, but I will rarely fully flesh out the database since I have no desire to do any user interface programming anymore.  The mental training allows me to keep in practice for when the time comes to do the work I love the most for real…even if I have been spending most of my work time lately building data warehouses.  If you are really strong of mind and body, perhaps you can mix a mental run with a physical run; though don’t run off of a cliff while contemplating how you might design a database to catalog the trees on a mountain…that would be contradictory to the purpose of both types of exercise.

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  • Role of an entity state in a component based system?

    - by Paul
    Component-based entity systems are all the rage these days; everyone seems to agree they are the way to go, but no one really has a definitive implementation of such a system. I was wondering, what role do entity states (walking-left, standing, jumping, etc) have in a CBS? Do they act like controllers (i.e. they handle events and change the entity's attributes based on those events)? What about cases where a state would, for example, require that the entity enters no-clip mode? Should, that state, when it enters, maybe set the CollisionComponent of the entity to a null pointer or something? (Then, on exit, the state should restore the entity's CollisionComponent to its previous state.) Also, I guess it's the current state's job to change the entity's state to something else, right?

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  • Why isn't Japanese software industry as strong as their hardware technology?

    - by Joan Venge
    I admire Japanese technology and their innovation. They always seem to be one step ahead of everyone else. But why isn't their software industry just as developed? Why aren't there any Japanese operating systems, high-end game engines, 3D digital content creation applications? I would like to see their take on these and I think it could bring alot of innovation. Btw I mentioned 3D software because the animation industry is strong there as well, but they are using North American software for this.

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  • have a missing file, and cant run ubuntu upon start up, and hasnt the flash drive i used didnt work either, any help?

    - by trent
    when I first downloaded Ubuntu to install it, it downloaded quick and caused no problems to my laptop. but then when it came time to install it as one of my operating systems, it wouldn't run because it said a file was missing or damaged. so then I uninstalled it and re-installed it but I still had that same problem. so I tried a flash-drive version but that didn't work either because it wouldn't boot from that, nor would it detect my flash drive, (in this case, an old 4 GB mp3 player). any help or tips and ideas would be great, I just need a decent operating system because windows is getting to be terrible at the moment, just note I wanna run Ubuntu along side windows 8.1

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  • Which version control system to use?

    - by deshmukh
    I am looking at using a version control system to ensure that I can go back in time to a particular version for all documents in ~, if I have to. What is the best suited tool for this given that: I am without much experience in version control systems Several files will be plain text files but there will be some Libre-Office files also The tool should: Be easy to set-up, run and maintain Have easy to understand configuration options (what directories to track, for how long, how frequently the changes should be captured, etc.) Ideally have a GUI front also Be able to recover deleted files What is the best/ most widely used tool that will be suitable for me?

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  • When creating a new text file, should I add a .txt extension to its name?

    - by Agmenor
    When I create a new document aimed at containing only plain text, I am not obliged by Ubuntu to add a .txt extension to its name. It works indeed very well: gedit opens it without problem, understanding very well that it is only text. The only two pro arguments I have found from now on for adding an extension are 1/ interoperability with Windows systems and 2/ avoiding confusion with folders having the same name. Nevertheless those two arguments do not convince me at all. As a consequence, should I keep the reflex of adding an extension to files or not?

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  • Forum vs Q&A system

    - by danie7L T
    I would like to know what are the parameters that I have to take into consideration before deciding whether I should incorporate to a website a "Q&A system" or a full forum ? I think forums allow better search capabilities (you can easily dig out old posts) over the "Q&A system", but the latter offer simpler / faster interaction between the users and the site owners. I should add that only a few people (site owners + authorized people) could answer the questions, the user will be on a read-only basis. Anyone can help me decide between the two solutions ? Thank you in advance NB: There is also the impact on the SEOs, are they the same for forums and Q&A systems?

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  • C# Open Source software that is useful for learning Design Patterns

    - by Fathom Savvy
    In college I took a class in Expert Systems. The language the book taught (CLIPS) was esoteric - Expert Systems: Principles and Programming, Fourth Edition. I remember having a tough time with it. So, after almost failing the class, I needed to create the most awesome Expert System for my final presentation. I chose to create an expert system that would calculate risk analysis for a person's retirement portfolio. In short, the system would provide the services normally performed by one's financial adviser. In other words, based on personality, age, state of the macro economy, and other factors, should one's portfolio be conservative, moderate, or aggressive? In the appendix of the book (or on the CD-ROM), there was this in-depth example program for something unrelated to my presentation. Over my break, I read and re-read every line of that program until I understood it to the letter. Even though it was unrelated, I learned more than I ever could by reading all of the chapters. My presentation turned out to be pretty damn good and I received praises from my professor and classmates. So, the moral of the story is..., by understanding other people's code, you can gain greater insight into a language/paradigm than by reading canonical examples. Still, to this day, I am having trouble with everyday design patterns such as the Factory Pattern. I would like to know if anyone could recommend open source software that would help me understand the Gang of Four design patterns, at the very least. I have read the books, but I'm having trouble writing code for the concepts in the real world. Perhaps, by studying code used in today's real world applications, it might just "click". I realize a piece of software may only implement one kind of design pattern. But, if the pattern is an implementation you think is good for learning, and you know what pattern to look for within the source, I'm hoping you can tell me about it. For example, the System.Linq.Expressions namespace has a good example of the Visitor Pattern. The client calls Expression.Accept(new ExpressionVisitor()), which calls ExpressionVisitor (VisitExtension), which calls back to Expression (VisitChildren), which then calls Expression (Accept) again - wooah, kinda convoluted. The point to note here is that VisitChildren is a virtual method. Both Expression and those classes derived from Expression can implement the VisitChildren method any way they want. This means that one type of Expression can run code that is completely different from another type of derived Expression, even though the ExpressionVisitor class is the same in the Accept method. (As a side note Expression.Accept is also virtual). In the end, the code provides a real world example that you won't get in any book because it's kinda confusing. To summarize, If you know of any open source software that uses a design pattern implementation you were impressed by, please list it here. I'm sure it will help many others besides just me. public class VisitorPatternTest { public void Main() { Expression normalExpr = new Expression(); normalExpr.Accept(new ExpressionVisitor()); Expression binExpr = new BinaryExpression(); binExpr.Accept(new ExpressionVisitor()); } } public class Expression { protected internal virtual Expression Accept(ExpressionVisitor visitor) { return visitor.VisitExtension(this); } protected internal virtual Expression VisitChildren(ExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (!this.CanReduce) { throw Error.MustBeReducible(); } return visitor.Visit(this.ReduceAndCheck()); } public virtual Expression Visit(Expression node) { if (node != null) { return node.Accept(this); } return null; } public Expression ReduceAndCheck() { if (!this.CanReduce) { throw Error.MustBeReducible(); } Expression expression = this.Reduce(); if ((expression == null) || (expression == this)) { throw Error.MustReduceToDifferent(); } if (!TypeUtils.AreReferenceAssignable(this.Type, expression.Type)) { throw Error.ReducedNotCompatible(); } return expression; } } public class BinaryExpression : Expression { protected internal override Expression Accept(ExpressionVisitor visitor) { return visitor.VisitBinary(this); } protected internal override Expression VisitChildren(ExpressionVisitor visitor) { return CreateDummyExpression(); } protected internal Expression CreateDummyExpression() { Expression dummy = new Expression(); return dummy; } } public class ExpressionVisitor { public virtual Expression Visit(Expression node) { if (node != null) { return node.Accept(this); } return null; } protected internal virtual Expression VisitExtension(Expression node) { return node.VisitChildren(this); } protected internal virtual Expression VisitBinary(BinaryExpression node) { return ValidateBinary(node, node.Update(this.Visit(node.Left), this.VisitAndConvert<LambdaExpression>(node.Conversion, "VisitBinary"), this.Visit(node.Right))); } }

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  • Oracle will be a Bronze Sponsor of Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Cmputing

    - by bubbva
    Oracle is proud to be a Bronze Sponsor at the upcoming Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing from October 3-6, 2012 in Baltimore, MD. Oracle's Women's Leadership group, Oracle's Diversity & Inclusion program and Product Development are proud to be behind this sponsorship.Several women from Oracle will be presenting and participating at the conference: Industry Track: "From Engineer to Executive; The Path Forward", speaker Susan Zwinger VP, Global Systems Technology Service Center Industry Track: "Are We There Yet? Finding Your Career Sweet Spot", speaker Gilda Garreton, Principal Software Engineer Birds of a feather:  "Juggling Our Different Worlds", speaker Gilda Garreton New Investigator Co-Chair, Gilda Garreton Communities Committee Co-Chair, Valerie Fenwick, Manager Software Development "Considering a shift in career from Technical towards Management?" table host,  Valerie Fenwick Oracle will have a booth as well, so stop by and introduce yourself!

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  • Webcast: Optimize Accounts Payable Through Automated Invoice Processing

    - by kellsey.ruppel(at)oracle.com
    Is your accounts payable process still very labor-intensive? Then discover how Oracle can help you eliminate paper, automate data entry and reduce costs by up to 90% - while saving valuable time through fewer errors and faster lookups. Join us on Tuesday, March 22 at 10 a.m. PT for this informative Webcast where Jamie Rancourt and Brian Dirking will show how you can easily integrate capture, forms recognition and content management into your PeopleSoft and Oracle E-Business Suite accounts payable systems. You will also see how The Home Depot, Costco and American Express have achieved tremendous savings and productivity gains by switching to automated solutions. Learn how you can automate invoice scanning, indexing and data extraction to:Improve speed and reduce errors Eliminate time-consuming searches Utilize vendor discounts through faster processing Improve visibility and ensure compliance Save costs in accounts payable and other business processesRegister today!

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  • Can't activate "mirror display"

    - by Nemo Peeters
    I have Ubuntu 12.04 on a Dell latitude E6410, I have a problem when using the VGA output I always have dual monitor and can't switch on the "mirror display" toggle under systems setting/displays. It's rather annoying when having to do presentation with a video projector. the option "mirror display" is in light grey and I can"t tick the box. Thanks for those who might have an idea how to resolve this? update: driver is: Intel® Ironlake Mobile x86/MMX/SSE2 card something like this ? description: VGA compatible controller product: Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller vendor: Intel Corporation physical id: 2 bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0 version: 02 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz

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  • What would you think of a job based on mostly doing the proof of concept?

    - by davsan
    I'm working as a developer in a small software company whose main job is interfacing between separate applications, like between a telephony system and an environment control system, between IP TVs and hospitality systems, etc...And it seems like I am the candidate for a new job title in the company, as the person who does the proof of concept of a new interfacing project and does some R&D for prototyping. What do you think the pros and cons of such a job would be, considering mainly the individual progress/regress of a person as a software engineer? And what aspects would you consider essential in a person to put him/her in such a job position?

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  • Oracle Fusion CRM and Lotus Notes Integration by iEnterprises

    - by Richard Lefebvre
    Integrate Oracle Fusion CRM and Lotus Notes in one easy step with nothing to install other than a 'plugin' for your Lotus Notes client. The Lotus Notes Connector for Oracle Fusion CRM developed by iEnterprises is an easy to use tool that allows you to instantly synchronize your Lotus Notes email, calendar, ToDos and PAB (Personal Address Book) to and from your Oracle Fusion CRM system. It removes the need for time consuming copy and paste between these two systems. For more information, a solution data-sheet and/or to request a trial please visit .... http://www.ienterprises.com/products/lotus-notes-connector/connector-for-fusion.html or contact Matt Hatherley ([email protected])

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  • Windows RT Secured Only By Microsoft

    That disconcerting news is what Mark Hachman is reporting for Read Write Web. One can more or less safely assume that Microsoft will come up with its own antivirus software for Windows RT. Still, this is a rather unusual state of affairs; why is the company doing this? Hachman explains that apps for the Windows RT operating system can run just fine on Windows 8, but the reverse is not true, unless the Windows 8 app has been specially compiled to run on both Windows 8 and Windows RT. The difference apparently stems from the processors for which the two systems have been optimized. Windows 8 ru...

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  • ISACA Information Security & Risk Management Conference, Nov 14-16

    - by Troy Kitch
    Please join Oracle, as a platinum sponsor, at this year's ISACA Information Security and Risk Management Conference in Las Vegas, Nov 14-16. This year’s conference offers up to 32 CPE hours and is designed to meet the needs of information security, governance, compliance, and risk management professionals. The event builds on and includes the key elements of information security, governance, compliance and risk management practices, and offers a fresh perspective on current and future trends. As provider of the world’s most complete, open, and integrated business software and hardware systems, Oracle can uniquely safeguard your information throughout its entire lifecycle and is the recognized leader in Data Security, Identity Management, and Governance, Risk, and Compliance solutions. Also, attend the Oracle Megatrends Session, Gone in 60 Seconds: Mitigating Database Security Risk and stop by our booth, # 100 & #102, to meet with Oracle Security Solution experts, see live product demos, and more. Learn more and register.

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  • Oracle's Business Analytics Strategy Webcast

    - by Rob Reynolds
    Join Mark Hurd and Balaji Yelamanchili as they unveil the latest advances in Oracle’s strategy for placing analytics into the hands of every one of your decision-makers—so that they can see more, think smarter, and act faster. Learn about the latest developments in business intelligence technology and applications, advanced analytics, performance management applications, and engineered systems. You’ll find out how you can harness the exploding volumes of data being generated inside your organization—and beyond the firewall—to: Deliver real-time intelligence to your mobile workforce globally Forecast and plan at the speed of business Accelerate your financial close and reporting process Discover how Oracle business analytics can change the way you do business. Register today for this on demand event.

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  • A Knights Tale

    - by Phil Factor
    There are so many lessons to be learned from the story of Knight Capital losing nearly half a billion dollars as a result of a deployment gone wrong. The Knight Capital Group (KCG N) was an American global financial services firm engaging in market making, electronic execution, and institutional sales and trading. According to the recent order (File No.3.15570) against Knight Capital by U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission?, Knight had, for many years used some software which broke up incoming “parent” orders into smaller “child” orders that were then transmitted to various exchanges or trading venues for execution. A tracking ‘cumulative quantity’ function counted the number of ‘child’ orders and stopped the process once the total of child orders matched the ‘parent’ and so the parent order had been completed. Back in the mists of time, some code had been added to it  which was excuted if a particular flag was set. It was called ‘power peg’ and seems to have had a similar design and purpose, but, one guesses, would have shared the same tracking function. This code had been abandoned in 2003, but never deleted. In 2005, The tracking function was moved to an earlier point in the main process. It would seem from the account that, from that point, had that flag ever been set, the old ‘Power Peg’ would have been executed like Godzilla bursting from the ice, making child orders without limit without any tracking function. It wasn’t, presumably because the software that set the flag was removed. In 2012, nearly a decade after ‘Power Peg’ was abandoned, Knight prepared a new module to their software to cope with the imminent Retail Liquidity Program (RLP) for the New York Stock Exchange. By this time, the flag had remained unused and someone made the fateful decision to reuse it, and replace the old ‘power peg’ code with this new RLP code. Had the two actions been done together in a single automated deployment, and the new deployment tested, all would have been well. It wasn’t. To quote… “Beginning on July 27, 2012, Knight deployed the new RLP code in SMARS in stages by placing it on a limited number of servers in SMARS on successive days. During the deployment of the new code, however, one of Knight’s technicians did not copy the new code to one of the eight SMARS computer servers. Knight did not have a second technician review this deployment and no one at Knight realized that the Power Peg code had not been removed from the eighth server, nor the new RLP code added. Knight had no written procedures that required such a review.” (para 15) “On August 1, Knight received orders from broker-dealers whose customers were eligible to participate in the RLP. The seven servers that received the new code processed these orders correctly. However, orders sent with the repurposed flag to the eighth server triggered the defective Power Peg code still present on that server. As a result, this server began sending child orders to certain trading centers for execution. Because the cumulative quantity function had been moved, this server continuously sent child orders, in rapid sequence, for each incoming parent order without regard to the number of share executions Knight had already received from trading centers. Although one part of Knight’s order handling system recognized that the parent orders had been filled, this information was not communicated to SMARS.” (para 16) SMARS routed millions of orders into the market over a 45-minute period, and obtained over 4 million executions in 154 stocks for more than 397 million shares. By the time that Knight stopped sending the orders, Knight had assumed a net long position in 80 stocks of approximately $3.5 billion and a net short position in 74 stocks of approximately $3.15 billion. Knight’s shares dropped more than 20% after traders saw extreme volume spikes in a number of stocks, including preferred shares of Wells Fargo (JWF) and semiconductor company Spansion (CODE). Both stocks, which see roughly 100,000 trade per day, had changed hands more than 4 million times by late morning. Ultimately, Knight lost over $460 million from this wild 45 minutes of trading. Obviously, I’m interested in all this because, at one time, I used to write trading systems for the City of London. Obviously, the US SEC is in a far better position than any of us to work out the failings of Knight’s IT department, and the report makes for painful reading. I can’t help observing, though, that even with the breathtaking mistakes all along the way, that a robust automated deployment process that was ‘all-or-nothing’, and tested from soup to nuts would have prevented the disaster. The report reads like a Greek Tragedy. All the way along one wants to shout ‘No! not that way!’ and ‘Aargh! Don’t do it!’. As the tragedy unfolds, the audience weeps for the players, trapped by a cruel fate. All application development and deployment requires defense in depth. All IT goes wrong occasionally, but if there is a culture of defensive programming throughout, the consequences are usually containable. For financial systems, these defenses are required by statute, and ignored only by the foolish. Knight’s mistakes weren’t made by just one hapless sysadmin, but were progressive errors by an  IT culture spanning at least ten years.  One can spell these out, but I think they’re obvious. One can only hope that the industry studies what happened in detail, learns from the mistakes, and draws the right conclusions.

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  • Write own messaging system vs. utilize existing ones

    - by A.Rashad
    We are trying to have our own startup, with a middleware application to glue small applications with enterprise legacy systems. for such middle-ware to function properly, we will need some sort of messaging system to make different components talk to each other in a reliable way. the alternatives are: use an existing messaging system, such as 0MQ, jBOSS, WebSphere MQ, etc. build our own messaging system the way we see the problem I am more biased towards the later option for the following reasons: to have more control over our final product to avoid any licensing problems later on to learn about messaging while writing the code to invent something new, that might cost us lots of $$$ if reused an existing system What would you do if in my shoes?

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  • Comprehensive system for documentation and handoff of developer project

    - by Uzumaki Naruto
    I work on a technology team that typically develops projects for a period of time, and then hands off to other groups for long-term maintenance and improvements. My team currently uses ad hoc methods of handing off documentations, such as diagrams, API references, etc. Is there a open source solution (or even proprietary one) that enables us to manage: Infrastructure/architecture/software diagrams API documentation Directory structures/file structures Overall documentation summaries in one place? E.g., instead of using multiple systems like Swagger, Wikis, etc. - is there a solution that can seamlessly combine all of these? And enable us to generate a package including all 4 key items with one click to hand off to other teams.

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