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• BASH if conditions

  - by Daniil

  Hi, I did ask a question before. The answer made sense, but I could never get it to work. And now I gotta get it working. But I cannot figure out BASH's if statements. What am I doing wrong below: START_TIME=9 STOP_TIME=17 HOUR=$((`date +"%k"`)) if [[ "$HOUR" -ge "9" ]] && [[ "$HOUR" -le "17" ]] && [[ "$2" != "-force" ]] ; then echo "Cannot run this script without -force at this time" exit 1 fi The idea is that I don't want this script to continue executing, unless forced to, during hours of 9am to 5pm. But it will always evaluate the condition to true and thus won't allow me to run the script. ./script.sh [action] (-force) Thx Edit: The output of set -x: $ ./test2.sh restart + START_TIME=9 + STOP_TIME=17 ++ date +%k + HOUR=11 + [[ 11 -ge 9 ]] + [[ 11 -le 17 ]] + [[ '' != \-\f\o\r\c\e ]] + echo 'Cannot run this script without -force at this time' Cannot run this script without -force at this time + exit 1 and then with -force $ ./test2.sh restart -force + START_TIME=9 + STOP_TIME=17 ++ date +%k + HOUR=11 + [[ 11 -ge 9 ]] + [[ 11 -le 17 ]] + [[ '' != \-\f\o\r\c\e ]] + echo 'Cannot run this script without -force at this time' Cannot run this script without -force at this time + exit 1

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• Bash script to log in over SSH

  - by user1042928

  Sorry if this seems like a dumb question but I am just learning bash scripting. For a school project we need to code an RTX that runs in Unix. It runs as a process in terminal and takes in user input and then prints it to the screen. I want to write a bash script to test that it can respond to lots of quick user input without overflowing or failing. My main problem is that once the RTX starts the bash script will stop on that line until the RTX terminates and only then print the loop to the terminal (instead of printing it to the RTX prompt as I intend it to). I have tried running the RTX in the background but that didn't work. I need to find a way to redirect input to the RTX while it is still running with a bash script. Google searches didn't come up with examples that I understood/could adapt. Any help is appreciated. #!/bin/bash # declare STRING variable STRING="RTX Worked =D" #Start the rtx in a new process, stuck on this line until rtx terminates. ./main #Somehow redirect io to the rtx. for i in `seq 1 100`; do echo $i echo " \n" done echo $STRING

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• Unable to modify git bash Windows shortcut

  - by netgirlk

  Under Windows 7 I'd like to change the settings for the Git Bash Here shell extension command window, e.g. width, height and font. But when I do this, I get an error "Unable to modify the shortcut". I can modify the shortcut for Git Bash in the Start menu by using "Run as administrator..." This works, but only for Bash windows opened from the Start menu. It doesn't work for the "Git Bash Here" shell extension and there's no "Run as administrator..." option on right-click context menu. How do you do it?

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• Bash sourcing of functions in other languages

  - by ABach

  This is, perhaps, a silly question, but it's something that I've wondered about: is it possible to, say, define a Ruby/Python/Perl/etc. function in some file and then source it in Bash (to make it available anywhere in the current shell)? At the moment, I "source" scripts/functions in other languages by creating a bash alias that executes that script... But I wonder if it's possible for Bash to interpret those other functions directly? Thanks. :)

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• How to create a script which opens the browser and logins to a particular Gmail account?

  - by TechGuru

  I have created a bash script login.sh. I want it to open the browser and login to my Gmail account. I tried using the following command to open the browser with www.gmail.com. xdg-open http://gmail.com It opens Gmail home page perfectly. But I don't know how to pass the username and password for login to Gmail from the bash script. Is it possible to open the browser and login to Gmail from a script?

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• Bash can't start a programme that's there and has all the right permissions

  - by Rory

  This is a gentoo server. There's a programme prog that can't execute. (Yes the execute permission is set) About the file $ ls prog $ ./prog bash: ./prog: No such file or directory $ file prog prog: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), for GNU/Linux 2.2.5, dynamically linked (uses shared libs), not stripped $ pwd /usr/local/bin $ /usr/local/bin/prog bash: /usr/local/bin/prog: No such file or directory $ less prog | head ELF Header: Magic: 7f 45 4c 46 01 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Class: ELF32 Data: 2's complement, little endian Version: 1 (current) OS/ABI: UNIX - System V ABI Version: 0 Type: EXEC (Executable file) Machine: Intel 80386 Version: 0x1 I have a fancy less, to show that it's an actual executable, here's some more data: $ xxd prog |head 0000000: 7f45 4c46 0101 0100 0000 0000 0000 0000 .ELF............ 0000010: 0200 0300 0100 0000 c092 0408 3400 0000 ............4... 0000020: 0401 0a00 0000 0000 3400 2000 0700 2800 ........4. ...(. 0000030: 2600 2300 0600 0000 3400 0000 3480 0408 &.#.....4...4... 0000040: 3480 0408 e000 0000 e000 0000 0500 0000 4............... 0000050: 0400 0000 0300 0000 1401 0000 1481 0408 ................ 0000060: 1481 0408 1300 0000 1300 0000 0400 0000 ................ 0000070: 0100 0000 0100 0000 0000 0000 0080 0408 ................ 0000080: 0080 0408 21f1 0500 21f1 0500 0500 0000 ....!...!....... 0000090: 0010 0000 0100 0000 40f1 0500 4081 0a08 ........@...@... and $ ls -l prog -rwxrwxr-x 1 1000 devs 725706 Aug 6 2007 prog $ ldd prog not a dynamic executable $ strace ./prog 1249403877.639076 execve("./prog", ["./prog"], [/* 27 vars */]) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) 1249403877.640645 dup(2) = 3 1249403877.640875 fcntl(3, F_GETFL) = 0x8002 (flags O_RDWR|O_LARGEFILE) 1249403877.641143 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFCHR|0620, st_rdev=makedev(136, 0), ...}) = 0 1249403877.641484 mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x2b3b8954a000 1249403877.641747 lseek(3, 0, SEEK_CUR) = -1 ESPIPE (Illegal seek) 1249403877.642045 write(3, "strace: exec: No such file or dir"..., 40strace: exec: No such file or directory ) = 40 1249403877.642324 close(3) = 0 1249403877.642531 munmap(0x2b3b8954a000, 4096) = 0 1249403877.642735 exit_group(1) = ? About the server FTR the server is a xen domU, and the programme is a closed source linux application. This VM is a copy of another VM that has the same root filesystem (including this programme), that works fine. I've tried all the above as root and same problem. Did I mention the root filesystem is mounted over NFS. However it's mounted 'defaults,nosuid', which should include execute. Also I am able to run many other programmes from that mounted drive /proc/cpuinfo: processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 15 model : 4 model name : Intel(R) Xeon(TM) CPU 3.00GHz stepping : 1 cpu MHz : 2992.692 cache size : 1024 KB fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 5 wp : yes flags : fpu tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm syscall nx lm constant_tsc pni monitor ds_cpl cid cx16 xtpr bogmips : 5989.55 clflush size : 64 cache_alignment : 128 address sizes : 36 bits physical, 48 bits virtual power management: Example of a file that I can run I can run other programmes on that mounted filesystem on that server. For example: $ ls -l ls -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 105576 Jul 25 17:14 ls $ file ls ls: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), for GNU/Linux 2.6.9, dynamically linked (uses shared libs), stripped $ ./ls attr cat cut echo getfacl ln more ... (you get the idea) ... rmdir sort tty $ less ls | head ELF Header: Magic: 7f 45 4c 46 02 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Class: ELF64 Data: 2's complement, little endian Version: 1 (current) OS/ABI: UNIX - System V ABI Version: 0 Type: EXEC (Executable file) Machine: Advanced Micro Devices X86-64 Version: 0x1

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• segfault when cd-ing into certain directories in bash

  - by user84207

  I have noticed this very strange behavior recently. After cd into certain directories, I get a segfault on the terminal. --- SIGSEGV (Segmentation fault) @ 0 (0) --- --- SIGSEGV (Segmentation fault) @ 0 (0) --- +++ killed by SIGSEGV (core dumped) +++ segmentation fault (core dumped) I proceeded to strace a bash session in which I cd into the target directory, and was able to reproduce the problem. I attached the log to this pastebin: I paste below the few lines from the read of "cd stumpwm", which is the directory in question, until the segfault. I included a few of the repetitions of calls to "rt_sigprocmask" and "brk" to give a glimpse of the pattern, which occurs for most of the strace, read(0, cd stumpwm "c", 1) = 1 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 read(0, "d", 1) = 1 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 read(0, " ", 1) = 1 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 read(0, "s", 1) = 1 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 read(0, "t", 1) = 1 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 read(0, "u", 1) = 1 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 read(0, "m", 1) = 1 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 read(0, "p", 1) = 1 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 read(0, "w", 1) = 1 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 read(0, "m", 1) = 1 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 read(0, "\n", 1) = 1 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, [INT], [], 8) = 0 ioctl(0, SNDCTL_TMR_TIMEBASE or TCGETS, {B38400 opost isig -icanon -echo ...}) = 0 ioctl(0, SNDCTL_TMR_STOP or TCSETSW, {B38400 opost isig icanon -echo ...}) = 0 ioctl(0, SNDCTL_TMR_TIMEBASE or TCGETS, {B38400 opost isig icanon -echo ...}) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, [], NULL, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGINT, {0x457d50, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7ffff76254a0}, {0x49edc0, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7ffff76254a0}, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGTERM, {SIG_IGN, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7ffff76254a0}, {SIG_IGN, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7ffff76254a0}, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGQUIT, {SIG_IGN, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7ffff76254a0}, {SIG_IGN, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7ffff76254a0}, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGALRM, {0x457f50, [HUP INT ILL TRAP ABRT BUS FPE USR1 SEGV USR2 PIPE ALRM TERM XCPU XFSZ VTALRM SYS], SA_RESTORER, 0x7ffff76254a0}, {0x49edc0, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7ffff76254a0}, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGTSTP, {SIG_IGN, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7ffff76254a0}, {SIG_IGN, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7ffff76254a0}, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGTTOU, {SIG_IGN, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7ffff76254a0}, {SIG_IGN, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7ffff76254a0}, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGTTIN, {SIG_IGN, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7ffff76254a0}, {SIG_IGN, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7ffff76254a0}, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGWINCH, {0x457920, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7ffff76254a0}, {0x49e6e0, [], SA_RESTORER|SA_RESTART, 0x7ffff76254a0}, 8) = 0 rt_sigaction(SIGINT, {0x457d50, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7ffff76254a0}, {0x457d50, [], SA_RESTORER, 0x7ffff76254a0}, 8) = 0 brk(0xa9a000) = 0xa9a000 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 brk(0xa9b000) = 0xa9b000 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 brk(0xa9c000) = 0xa9c000 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 brk(0xa9d000) = 0xa9d000 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 brk(0xa9e000) = 0xa9e000 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 brk(0xa9f000) = 0xa9f000 brk(0xaa0000) = 0xaa0000 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 brk(0xaa1000) = 0xaa1000 brk(0xaa2000) = 0xaa2000 (pattern of rt_sigprocmask, brk continues ...) rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 brk(0x1d5b000) = 0x1d5b000 brk(0x1d5c000) = 0x1d5c000 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 brk(0x1d5d000) = 0x1d5d000 brk(0x1d5e000) = 0x1d5e000 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 rt_sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, NULL, [], 8) = 0 --- SIGSEGV (Segmentation fault) @ 0 (0) --- --- SIGSEGV (Segmentation fault) @ 0 (0) --- +++ killed by SIGSEGV (core dumped) +++ segmentation fault (core dumped) How can I debug this? Is this likely to be a bash problem? The error does not occur with another shell, such as eshell. I have also run an fschk, although I haven't been able to see the output because of this bug.

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• Run command before and after printing with CUPS?

  - by leto

  Hello, this is a home setup. A central printer server (Linux) manages the queue, a HP 2430DTN is attached to it via 100Mbit/sec Ethernet. The printer is hooked up to a managable power source. A shell script watches the queue on the server (lpstat -o) and turn on the printer when there is a job. If the queue is empty for 10 minutes it turns the printer off. Now this setup messes up, stops the printer etc. after a couple of weeks and is in general "not so reliable". I now know how to change the stop-printer thing, but: Is there a way to run my turn printer on script and turn printer off script directly from cups without watching the queue? That would be so cool!

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• Mac OS X: Change $PATH from within python script

  - by Eye of Hell

  I have a bunch of python scripts. One of them installs software (subversion) that requires it's path to be added to $PATH. After it is installed, I want the next script to use the software. If I run export PATH=/opt/subversion/bin:$PATH in bash between the first and second script, all is ok. But if I add os.system( 'export PATH=/opt/subversion/bin:$PATH' ) as the last command of the first script (that installs subversion), $PATH remains unaltered after it exits. Is it any way to change $PATH from within python script so it will remain changed after the script finishes (inside single bash session, of course, I know about /etc/profile).

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• Shell script only executes partially when run with CRON

  - by binaryorganic

  I've written a shell script that does the following: Retrieve mail from a POP3 account (using GetMail) Save a copy of that email to S3 (using AWS CLI) Email me the filesize of the email The script runs fine manually, and technically runs from CRON, but it only seems to be sending the email. The getmail and S3 bits don't seem to run. Everything I've read seems to hammer home the message that I need to be careful about relative paths and the like when using CRON, but I think I'm using absolute paths everywhere I need to be, so I'm stumped as to what the issue could be. My Shell Script is here: #!/bin/bash # Run GetMail getmail -r /PATH/TO/EMAIL/getmail.email # Save to S3 aws s3 cp /PATH/TO/SCRIPT/email-backup.mbox s3://XXXXXXXXXX/email-backup.mbox # Send Confirmation Email SUBJECT="EMAIL SUBJECT" EMAIL="[email protected]" # Get current filesize FILENAME=/PATH/TO/SCRIPT/email-backup.mbox FILESIZE=$(stat -c%s "$FILENAME") # Email Content EMAILMESSAGE="/tmp/emailmessage.txt" echo "EMAIL BODY" >$EMAILMESSAGE echo "" >>$EMAILMESSAGE echo "Current File Size: $FILESIZE bytes" >>$EMAILMESSAGE # Send the Mail /bin/mail -s "$SUBJECT" "$EMAIL" < $EMAILMESSAGE

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• An Introduction to jQuery Templates

  - by Stephen Walther

  The goal of this blog entry is to provide you with enough information to start working with jQuery Templates. jQuery Templates enable you to display and manipulate data in the browser. For example, you can use jQuery Templates to format and display a set of database records that you have retrieved with an Ajax call. jQuery Templates supports a number of powerful features such as template tags, template composition, and wrapped templates. I’ll concentrate on the features that I think that you will find most useful. In order to focus on the jQuery Templates feature itself, this blog entry is server technology agnostic. All the samples use HTML pages instead of ASP.NET pages. In a future blog entry, I’ll focus on using jQuery Templates with ASP.NET Web Forms and ASP.NET MVC (You can do some pretty powerful things when jQuery Templates are used on the client and ASP.NET is used on the server). Introduction to jQuery Templates The jQuery Templates plugin was developed by the Microsoft ASP.NET team in collaboration with the open-source jQuery team. While working at Microsoft, I wrote the original proposal for jQuery Templates, Dave Reed wrote the original code, and Boris Moore wrote the final code. The jQuery team – especially John Resig – was very involved in each step of the process. Both the jQuery community and ASP.NET communities were very active in providing feedback. jQuery Templates will be included in the jQuery core library (the jQuery.js library) when jQuery 1.5 is released. Until jQuery 1.5 is released, you can download the jQuery Templates plugin from the jQuery Source Code Repository or you can use jQuery Templates directly from the ASP.NET CDN. The documentation for jQuery Templates is already included with the official jQuery documentation at http://api.jQuery.com. The main entry for jQuery templates is located under the topic plugins/templates. A Basic Sample of jQuery Templates Let’s start with a really simple sample of using jQuery Templates. We’ll use the plugin to display a list of books stored in a JavaScript array. Here’s the complete code: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html > <head> <title>Intro</title> <link href="0_Site.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> </head> <body> <div id="pageContent"> <h1>ASP.NET Bookstore</h1> <div id="bookContainer"></div> </div> <script id="bookTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <div> <img src="BookPictures/${picture}" alt="" /> <h2>${title}</h2> price: ${formatPrice(price)} </div> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-1.4.4.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery.templates/beta1/jquery.tmpl.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> // Create an array of books var books = [ { title: "ASP.NET 4 Unleashed", price: 37.79, picture: "AspNet4Unleashed.jpg" }, { title: "ASP.NET MVC Unleashed", price: 44.99, picture: "AspNetMvcUnleashed.jpg" }, { title: "ASP.NET Kick Start", price: 4.00, picture: "AspNetKickStart.jpg" }, { title: "ASP.NET MVC Unleashed iPhone", price: 44.99, picture: "AspNetMvcUnleashedIPhone.jpg" }, ]; // Render the books using the template $("#bookTemplate").tmpl(books).appendTo("#bookContainer"); function formatPrice(price) { return "$" + price.toFixed(2); } </script> </body> </html> When you open this page in a browser, a list of books is displayed: There are several things going on in this page which require explanation. First, notice that the page uses both the jQuery 1.4.4 and jQuery Templates libraries. Both libraries are retrieved from the ASP.NET CDN: <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-1.4.4.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery.templates/beta1/jquery.tmpl.js"></script> You can use the ASP.NET CDN for free (even for production websites). You can learn more about the files included on the ASP.NET CDN by visiting the ASP.NET CDN documentation page. Second, you should notice that the actual template is included in a script tag with a special MIME type: <script id="bookTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <div> <img src="BookPictures/${picture}" alt="" /> <h2>${title}</h2> price: ${formatPrice(price)} </div> </script> This template is displayed for each of the books rendered by the template. The template displays a book picture, title, and price. Notice that the SCRIPT tag which wraps the template has a MIME type of text/x-jQuery-tmpl. Why is the template wrapped in a SCRIPT tag and why the strange MIME type? When a browser encounters a SCRIPT tag with an unknown MIME type, it ignores the content of the tag. This is the behavior that you want with a template. You don’t want a browser to attempt to parse the contents of a template because this might cause side effects. For example, the template above includes an <img> tag with a src attribute that points at “BookPictures/${picture}”. You don’t want the browser to attempt to load an image at the URL “BookPictures/${picture}”. Instead, you want to prevent the browser from processing the IMG tag until the ${picture} expression is replaced by with the actual name of an image by the jQuery Templates plugin. If you are not worried about browser side-effects then you can wrap a template inside any HTML tag that you please. For example, the following DIV tag would also work with the jQuery Templates plugin: <div id="bookTemplate" style="display:none"> <div> <h2>${title}</h2> price: ${formatPrice(price)} </div> </div> Notice that the DIV tag includes a style=”display:none” attribute to prevent the template from being displayed until the template is parsed by the jQuery Templates plugin. Third, notice that the expression ${…} is used to display the value of a JavaScript expression within a template. For example, the expression ${title} is used to display the value of the book title property. You can use any JavaScript function that you please within the ${…} expression. For example, in the template above, the book price is formatted with the help of the custom JavaScript formatPrice() function which is defined lower in the page. Fourth, and finally, the template is rendered with the help of the tmpl() method. The following statement selects the bookTemplate and renders an array of books using the bookTemplate. The results are appended to a DIV element named bookContainer by using the standard jQuery appendTo() method. $("#bookTemplate").tmpl(books).appendTo("#bookContainer"); Using Template Tags Within a template, you can use any of the following template tags. {{tmpl}} – Used for template composition. See the section below. {{wrap}} – Used for wrapped templates. See the section below. {{each}} – Used to iterate through a collection. {{if}} – Used to conditionally display template content. {{else}} – Used with {{if}} to conditionally display template content. {{html}} – Used to display the value of an HTML expression without encoding the value. Using ${…} or {{= }} performs HTML encoding automatically. {{= }}-- Used in exactly the same way as ${…}. {{! }} – Used for displaying comments. The contents of a {{!...}} tag are ignored. For example, imagine that you want to display a list of blog entries. Each blog entry could, possibly, have an associated list of categories. The following page illustrates how you can use the { if}} and {{each}} template tags to conditionally display categories for each blog entry:   <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>each</title> <link href="1_Site.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> </head> <body> <div id="blogPostContainer"></div> <script id="blogPostTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <h1>${postTitle}</h1> <p> ${postEntry} </p> {{if categories}} Categories: {{each categories}} <i>${$value}</i> {{/each}} {{else}} Uncategorized {{/if}} </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-1.4.4.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery.templates/beta1/jquery.tmpl.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var blogPosts = [ { postTitle: "How to fix a sink plunger in 5 minutes", postEntry: "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis urna.", categories: ["HowTo", "Sinks", "Plumbing"] }, { postTitle: "How to remove a broken lightbulb", postEntry: "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis urna.", categories: ["HowTo", "Lightbulbs", "Electricity"] }, { postTitle: "New associate website", postEntry: "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis urna." } ]; // Render the blog posts $("#blogPostTemplate").tmpl(blogPosts).appendTo("#blogPostContainer"); </script> </body> </html> When this page is opened in a web browser, the following list of blog posts and categories is displayed: Notice that the first and second blog entries have associated categories but the third blog entry does not. The third blog entry is “Uncategorized”. The template used to render the blog entries and categories looks like this: <script id="blogPostTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <h1>${postTitle}</h1> <p> ${postEntry} </p> {{if categories}} Categories: {{each categories}} <i>${$value}</i> {{/each}} {{else}} Uncategorized {{/if}} </script> Notice the special expression $value used within the {{each}} template tag. You can use $value to display the value of the current template item. In this case, $value is used to display the value of each category in the collection of categories. Template Composition When building a fancy page, you might want to build a template out of multiple templates. In other words, you might want to take advantage of template composition. For example, imagine that you want to display a list of products. Some of the products are being sold at their normal price and some of the products are on sale. In that case, you might want to use two different templates for displaying a product: a productTemplate and a productOnSaleTemplate. The following page illustrates how you can use the {{tmpl}} tag to build a template from multiple templates:   <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Composition</title> <link href="2_Site.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> </head> <body> <div id="pageContainer"> <h1>Products</h1> <div id="productListContainer"></div> <!-- Show list of products using composition --> <script id="productListTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <div> {{if onSale}} {{tmpl "#productOnSaleTemplate"}} {{else}} {{tmpl "#productTemplate"}} {{/if}} </div> </script> <!-- Show product --> <script id="productTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> ${name} </script> <!-- Show product on sale --> <script id="productOnSaleTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <b>${name}</b> <img src="images/on_sale.png" alt="On Sale" /> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-1.4.4.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery.templates/beta1/jquery.tmpl.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var products = [ { name: "Laptop", onSale: false }, { name: "Apples", onSale: true }, { name: "Comb", onSale: false } ]; $("#productListTemplate").tmpl(products).appendTo("#productListContainer"); </script> </div> </body> </html>   In the page above, the main template used to display the list of products looks like this: <script id="productListTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <div> {{if onSale}} {{tmpl "#productOnSaleTemplate"}} {{else}} {{tmpl "#productTemplate"}} {{/if}} </div> </script>   If a product is on sale then the product is displayed with the productOnSaleTemplate (which includes an on sale image): <script id="productOnSaleTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <b>${name}</b> <img src="images/on_sale.png" alt="On Sale" /> </script>   Otherwise, the product is displayed with the normal productTemplate (which does not include the on sale image): <script id="productTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> ${name} </script>   You can pass a parameter to the {{tmpl}} tag. The parameter becomes the data passed to the template rendered by the {{tmpl}} tag. For example, in the previous section, we used the {{each}} template tag to display a list of categories for each blog entry like this: <script id="blogPostTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <h1>${postTitle}</h1> <p> ${postEntry} </p> {{if categories}} Categories: {{each categories}} <i>${$value}</i> {{/each}} {{else}} Uncategorized {{/if}} </script>   Another way to create this template is to use template composition like this: <script id="blogPostTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <h1>${postTitle}</h1> <p> ${postEntry} </p> {{if categories}} Categories: {{tmpl(categories) "#categoryTemplate"}} {{else}} Uncategorized {{/if}} </script> <script id="categoryTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <i>${$data}</i> &nbsp; </script>   Using the {{each}} tag or {{tmpl}} tag is largely a matter of personal preference. Wrapped Templates The {{wrap}} template tag enables you to take a chunk of HTML and transform the HTML into another chunk of HTML (think easy XSLT). When you use the {{wrap}} tag, you work with two templates. The first template contains the HTML being transformed and the second template includes the filter expressions for transforming the HTML. For example, you can use the {{wrap}} template tag to transform a chunk of HTML into an interactive tab strip: When you click any of the tabs, you see the corresponding content. This tab strip was created with the following page: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Wrapped Templates</title> <style type="text/css"> body { font-family: Arial; background-color:black; } .tabs div { display:inline-block; border-bottom: 1px solid black; padding:4px; background-color:gray; cursor:pointer; } .tabs div.tabState_true { background-color:white; border-bottom:1px solid white; } .tabBody { border-top:1px solid white; padding:10px; background-color:white; min-height:400px; width:400px; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="tabsView"></div> <script id="tabsContent" type="text/x-jquery-tmpl"> {{wrap "#tabsWrap"}} <h3>Tab 1</h3> <div> Content of tab 1. Lorem ipsum dolor <b>sit</b> amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis urna. </div> <h3>Tab 2</h3> <div> Content of tab 2. Lorem ipsum dolor <b>sit</b> amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis urna. </div> <h3>Tab 3</h3> <div> Content of tab 3. Lorem ipsum dolor <b>sit</b> amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis urna. </div> {{/wrap}} </script> <script id="tabsWrap" type="text/x-jquery-tmpl"> <div class="tabs"> {{each $item.html("h3", true)}} <div class="tabState_${$index === selectedTabIndex}"> ${$value} </div> {{/each}} </div> <div class="tabBody"> {{html $item.html("div")[selectedTabIndex]}} </div> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-1.4.4.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery.templates/beta1/jquery.tmpl.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> // Global for tracking selected tab var selectedTabIndex = 0; // Render the tab strip $("#tabsContent").tmpl().appendTo("#tabsView"); // When a tab is clicked, update the tab strip $("#tabsView") .delegate(".tabState_false", "click", function () { var templateItem = $.tmplItem(this); selectedTabIndex = $(this).index(); templateItem.update(); }); </script> </body> </html>   The “source” for the tab strip is contained in the following template: <script id="tabsContent" type="text/x-jquery-tmpl"> {{wrap "#tabsWrap"}} <h3>Tab 1</h3> <div> Content of tab 1. Lorem ipsum dolor <b>sit</b> amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis urna. </div> <h3>Tab 2</h3> <div> Content of tab 2. Lorem ipsum dolor <b>sit</b> amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis urna. </div> <h3>Tab 3</h3> <div> Content of tab 3. Lorem ipsum dolor <b>sit</b> amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies, purus lectus malesuada libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis urna. </div> {{/wrap}} </script>   The tab strip is created with a list of H3 elements (which represent each tab) and DIV elements (which represent the body of each tab). Notice that the HTML content is wrapped in the {{wrap}} template tag. This template tag points at the following tabsWrap template: <script id="tabsWrap" type="text/x-jquery-tmpl"> <div class="tabs"> {{each $item.html("h3", true)}} <div class="tabState_${$index === selectedTabIndex}"> ${$value} </div> {{/each}} </div> <div class="tabBody"> {{html $item.html("div")[selectedTabIndex]}} </div> </script> The tabs DIV contains all of the tabs. The {{each}} template tag is used to loop through each of the H3 elements from the source template and render a DIV tag that represents a particular tab. The template item html() method is used to filter content from the “source” HTML template. The html() method accepts a jQuery selector for its first parameter. The tabs are retrieved from the source template by using an h3 filter. The second parameter passed to the html() method – the textOnly parameter -- causes the filter to return the inner text of each h3 element. You can learn more about the html() method at the jQuery website (see the section on $item.html()). The tabBody DIV renders the body of the selected tab. Notice that the {{html}} template tag is used to display the tab body so that HTML content in the body won’t be HTML encoded. The html() method is used, once again, to grab all of the DIV elements from the source HTML template. The selectedTabIndex global variable is used to display the contents of the selected tab. Remote Templates A common feature request for jQuery templates is support for remote templates. Developers want to be able to separate templates into different files. Adding support for remote templates requires only a few lines of extra code (Dave Ward has a nice blog entry on this). For example, the following page uses a remote template from a file named BookTemplate.htm: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Remote Templates</title> <link href="0_Site.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> </head> <body> <div id="pageContent"> <h1>ASP.NET Bookstore</h1> <div id="bookContainer"></div> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-1.4.4.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery.templates/beta1/jquery.tmpl.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> // Create an array of books var books = [ { title: "ASP.NET 4 Unleashed", price: 37.79, picture: "AspNet4Unleashed.jpg" }, { title: "ASP.NET MVC Unleashed", price: 44.99, picture: "AspNetMvcUnleashed.jpg" }, { title: "ASP.NET Kick Start", price: 4.00, picture: "AspNetKickStart.jpg" }, { title: "ASP.NET MVC Unleashed iPhone", price: 44.99, picture: "AspNetMvcUnleashedIPhone.jpg" }, ]; // Get the remote template $.get("BookTemplate.htm", null, function (bookTemplate) { // Render the books using the remote template $.tmpl(bookTemplate, books).appendTo("#bookContainer"); }); function formatPrice(price) { return "$" + price.toFixed(2); } </script> </body> </html>   The remote template is retrieved (and rendered) with the following code: // Get the remote template $.get("BookTemplate.htm", null, function (bookTemplate) { // Render the books using the remote template $.tmpl(bookTemplate, books).appendTo("#bookContainer"); });   This code uses the standard jQuery $.get() method to get the BookTemplate.htm file from the server with an Ajax request. After the BookTemplate.htm file is successfully retrieved, the $.tmpl() method is used to render an array of books with the template. Here’s what the BookTemplate.htm file looks like: <div> <img src="BookPictures/${picture}" alt="" /> <h2>${title}</h2> price: ${formatPrice(price)} </div> Notice that the template in the BooksTemplate.htm file is not wrapped by a SCRIPT element. There is no need to wrap the template in this case because there is no possibility that the template will get interpreted before you want it to be interpreted. If you plan to use the bookTemplate multiple times – for example, you are paging or sorting the books -- then you should compile the template into a function and cache the compiled template function. For example, the following page can be used to page through a list of 100 products (using iPhone style More paging). <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Template Caching</title> <link href="6_Site.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> </head> <body> <h1>Products</h1> <div id="productContainer"></div> <button id="more">More</button> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-1.4.4.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery.templates/beta1/jquery.tmpl.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> // Globals var pageIndex = 0; // Create an array of products var products = []; for (var i = 0; i < 100; i++) { products.push({ name: "Product " + (i + 1) }); } // Get the remote template $.get("ProductTemplate.htm", null, function (productTemplate) { // Compile and cache the template $.template("productTemplate", productTemplate); // Render the products renderProducts(0); }); $("#more").click(function () { pageIndex++; renderProducts(); }); function renderProducts() { // Get page of products var pageOfProducts = products.slice(pageIndex * 5, pageIndex * 5 + 5); // Used cached productTemplate to render products $.tmpl("productTemplate", pageOfProducts).appendTo("#productContainer"); } function formatPrice(price) { return "$" + price.toFixed(2); } </script> </body> </html>   The ProductTemplate is retrieved from an external file named ProductTemplate.htm. This template is retrieved only once. Furthermore, it is compiled and cached with the help of the $.template() method: // Get the remote template $.get("ProductTemplate.htm", null, function (productTemplate) { // Compile and cache the template $.template("productTemplate", productTemplate); // Render the products renderProducts(0); });   The $.template() method compiles the HTML representation of the template into a JavaScript function and caches the template function with the name productTemplate. The cached template can be used by calling the $.tmp() method. The productTemplate is used in the renderProducts() method: function renderProducts() { // Get page of products var pageOfProducts = products.slice(pageIndex * 5, pageIndex * 5 + 5); // Used cached productTemplate to render products $.tmpl("productTemplate", pageOfProducts).appendTo("#productContainer"); } In the code above, the first parameter passed to the $.tmpl() method is the name of a cached template. Working with Template Items In this final section, I want to devote some space to discussing Template Items. A new Template Item is created for each rendered instance of a template. For example, if you are displaying a list of 100 products with a template, then 100 Template Items are created. A Template Item has the following properties and methods: data – The data associated with the Template Instance. For example, a product. tmpl – The template associated with the Template Instance. parent – The parent template item if the template is nested. nodes – The HTML content of the template. calls – Used by {{wrap}} template tag. nest – Used by {{tmpl}} template tag. wrap – Used to imperatively enable wrapped templates. html – Used to filter content from a wrapped template. See the above section on wrapped templates. update – Used to re-render a template item. The last method – the update() method -- is especially interesting because it enables you to re-render a template item with new data or even a new template. For example, the following page displays a list of books. When you hover your mouse over any of the books, additional book details are displayed. In the following screenshot, details for ASP.NET Kick Start are displayed. <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Template Item</title> <link href="0_Site.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> </head> <body> <div id="pageContent"> <h1>ASP.NET Bookstore</h1> <div id="bookContainer"></div> </div> <script id="bookTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <div class="bookItem"> <img src="BookPictures/${picture}" alt="" /> <h2>${title}</h2> price: ${formatPrice(price)} </div> </script> <script id="bookDetailsTemplate" type="text/x-jQuery-tmpl"> <div class="bookItem"> <img src="BookPictures/${picture}" alt="" /> <h2>${title}</h2> price: ${formatPrice(price)} <p> ${description} </p> </div> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jQuery/jquery-1.4.4.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery.templates/beta1/jquery.tmpl.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> // Create an array of books var books = [ { title: "ASP.NET 4 Unleashed", price: 37.79, picture: "AspNet4Unleashed.jpg", description: "The most comprehensive book on Microsoft’s new ASP.NET 4.. " }, { title: "ASP.NET MVC Unleashed", price: 44.99, picture: "AspNetMvcUnleashed.jpg", description: "Writing for professional programmers, Walther explains the crucial concepts that make the Model-View-Controller (MVC) development paradigm work…" }, { title: "ASP.NET Kick Start", price: 4.00, picture: "AspNetKickStart.jpg", description: "Visual Studio .NET is the premier development environment for creating .NET applications…." }, { title: "ASP.NET MVC Unleashed iPhone", price: 44.99, picture: "AspNetMvcUnleashedIPhone.jpg", description: "ASP.NET MVC Unleashed for the iPhone…" }, ]; // Render the books using the template $("#bookTemplate").tmpl(books).appendTo("#bookContainer"); // Get compiled details template var bookDetailsTemplate = $("#bookDetailsTemplate").template(); // Add hover handler $(".bookItem").mouseenter(function () { // Get template item associated with DIV var templateItem = $(this).tmplItem(); // Change template to compiled template templateItem.tmpl = bookDetailsTemplate; // Re-render template templateItem.update(); }); function formatPrice(price) { return "$" + price.toFixed(2); } </script> </body> </html>   There are two templates used to display a book: bookTemplate and bookDetailsTemplate. When you hover your mouse over a template item, the standard bookTemplate is swapped out for the bookDetailsTemplate. The bookDetailsTemplate displays a book description. The books are rendered with the bookTemplate with the following line of code: // Render the books using the template $("#bookTemplate").tmpl(books).appendTo("#bookContainer");   The following code is used to swap the bookTemplate and the bookDetailsTemplate to show details for a book: // Get compiled details template var bookDetailsTemplate = $("#bookDetailsTemplate").template(); // Add hover handler $(".bookItem").mouseenter(function () { // Get template item associated with DIV var templateItem = $(this).tmplItem(); // Change template to compiled template templateItem.tmpl = bookDetailsTemplate; // Re-render template templateItem.update(); });   When you hover your mouse over a DIV element rendered by the bookTemplate, the mouseenter handler executes. First, this handler retrieves the Template Item associated with the DIV element by calling the tmplItem() method. The tmplItem() method returns a Template Item. Next, a new template is assigned to the Template Item. Notice that a compiled version of the bookDetailsTemplate is assigned to the Template Item’s tmpl property. The template is compiled earlier in the code by calling the template() method. Finally, the Template Item update() method is called to re-render the Template Item with the bookDetailsTemplate instead of the original bookTemplate. Summary This is a long blog entry and I still have not managed to cover all of the features of jQuery Templates J However, I’ve tried to cover the most important features of jQuery Templates such as template composition, template wrapping, and template items. To learn more about jQuery Templates, I recommend that you look at the documentation for jQuery Templates at the official jQuery website. Another great way to learn more about jQuery Templates is to look at the (unminified) source code.

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• In GNU Screen, Recalled bash history command displays one character position to the left of actual location

  - by vergueishon

  I am running Red Hat 5 32-bit (2.6.18-194.26.1.el5). The issue is that when I recall any previous command in bash's history, the first character in the command is displayed immediately after the shell prompt, without any intervening space, likeso: \[me@mymachine tmp]$man mysql If I enter a Ctrl-C, and retype the command, it looks likeso: \[me@mymachine tmp]$ man mysql This makes recalling a command and editing it before re-entering a real pain. Basically, if I try to edit a recalled command, my changes occur one character position to the left (I believe) of what I see on the screen. It's a bit tedious to describe, and appears to only happen with commands with a large number of arguments. UPDATE: The contents of /etc/sysconfig/bash-prompt-screen, 1 #!/bin/bash 2 echo -n $'\033'"_${USER}@${HOSTNAME%%.*}:${PWD/#$HOME/~}"$'\033\\\\' and the contents of /etc/bashrc, 24 screen) 25 if [ -e /etc/sysconfig/bash-prompt-screen ]; then 26 PROMPT_COMMAND=/etc/sysconfig/bash-prompt-screen 27 else 28 PROMPT_COMMAND='echo -ne "\033_${USER}@${HOSTNAME%%.*}:${PWD/#$HOME/~}"; echo -ne "\033\\"' 29 fi 30 ;; I've disable bash-prompt-screen by renaming it--this fixed it. It's entirely possible that there is a fix to the bash-prompt-screen prompt line in the latest version of screen for RHEL 5. The error is seen under Screen version 4.00.03 (FAU) 23-Oct-06. (I noticed an update in the queue, which is installing as I write this.)

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• Could you recommend a good shopping cart script?

  - by user649482

  I'm looking for a PHP/MySQL script, free or not. Could you please recommend me one that can do the following: The site I'm trying to build requires an extensive product catalogue, which will have around 600 products. Because there are so many products they will be uploaded using a CSV file or spreadsheet. Users must be logged in to see prices Users can add products to an order form, which they can then email to admin. (NO payment processing whatsoever) They will just add products to a cart, review the cart's content and click a button to send the order The order email to admin must have the order details attached in a CSV file. Newsletter Newsletter sign up. Admin can create and send newsletter from the admin section. User Login/Member Section After users sign up they can access their member section. In this section they can Edit their details See previous orders they have made, and click a button to send that order again Thank you! (the question is also posted here but with no replies)

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• Jquery Carousel - Need A Script Hack to Customize

  - by Leah

  I hope someone can help me out here. I am coding a site for a client using the carouFredsel. I am using this because it allows for variable widths with in the slideshow as seen here: http://2938.sandbox.i3dthemes.net/index-old.html. My problems are as follows: to use the built in auto center script the scrolling changes the white space in between images during the transition to fit the width of the wrapper. I need a hack to keep the white space during transition the same, like this: http://2938.sandbox.i3dthemes.net/index.html. Also, I can't figure out how to put this snippet into my code and make it work scroll: { onAfter: function() { if ( $(this).triggerHandler( "currentPosition" ) == 0 ) { $(this).trigger( "pause" ); } } }

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• getting bash to load my PATH over SSH

  - by Eli Bendersky

  This problem comes up with me trying to make svnserve (Subversion server) available on a server through SSH. I compiled SVN and installed it in $HOME/bin. Local access to it (not through SSH) works fine. Connections to svn+ssh fail due to: bash: svnserve: command not found Debugging this, I've found that: ssh user@server "which svnserve" says: which: no svnserve in (/usr/bin:/bin) This is strange, because I've updated the path to $HOME/bin in my .bashrc, and also added it in ~/.ssh/environment. However, it seems like the SSH doesn't read it. Although when I run: ssh user@server "echo $PATH" It does print my updated path! What's going on here? How can I make SSH find my svnserve? Thanks in advance

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• Improper output in SSH session on OSX using FreeSSHd on Windows with cygwin bash/sh shell

  - by Tyler Clendenin

  I am testing out running an SSH server on a local Windows VM. I have installed FreeSSHd and set the command shell to "c:\cygwin\bin\sh --login -i" (bash as well) with "Use new console engine" unchecked. (When it was enabled no output would show through the ssh connection anyway) The shell seems to work, but when connecting from my OS-X terminal using ssh all of the shell results comes out ill formatted. $ ls -al total 17 drwxr-xr-x+ 1 SYSTEM Administrators 4096 Feb 2 01:00 . drwxrwxrwt+ 1 Administrator Administrators 0 Feb 2 01:01 .. -rw------- 1 SYSTEM Administrators 128 Feb 2 01:30 .bash_history -rwxr-xr-x 1 SYSTEM Administrators 1150 Feb 2 00:55 .bash_profile -rwxr-xr-x 1 SYSTEM Administrators 3754 Feb 2 00:55 .bashrc -rwxr-xr-x 1 SYSTEM Administrators 1461 Feb 2 00:55 .inputrc Any ideas on why this is happening, how I can fix this?

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• Run script before shutdown/restart

  - by dtbarne

  I'd like to run a PHP script when an instance is told to shutdown, but of course before it actually finishes shutting down. My particular script is just looking to push some log files from the local partition to a another server. I've got the gist of how this process works, but I need some clarification. How I understand it. Please correct me if I'm wrong. Create an executable script in /etc/init.d (lets call it /etc/init.d/push-logs) Create a symlink to /etc/init.d/push-logs from /etc/rc0.d (shutdown) and /etc/rc6.d (reboot). The name should be KXXpush-logs Here's my questions: Of course - am I understanding correctly? For #2 above - it sounds like the lower the XX the better - is there too low a number I can use? Does it matter if it shares a number with another script? Does the script in /etc/init.d/push-logs HAVE to follow the standard init.d template (supporting start/stop, etc. commands)? This doesn't really apply to my use case. If possible I just want the script to be the following: #!/bin/sh # # Run PHP file prior to shutdown # /usr/bin/php /path/to/php_file.php

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• Bash color prompt and long commands

  - by Eric J.

  I'm colorizing parts of my bash prompt using ANSI escape sequences. This works great, until the command I'm currently typing in is long enough that it has to wrap. Instead of the rest of the command displaying on the next line, it wraps back to column 1 of the current line, overwriting the beginning of the prompt. I get that behavior with this prompt: export PS1="[\u][\033[0;32;40mdemo \033[0;33;40m1.5.40.b\033[0;37;40m] \w> \033[0m" but it works correctly with the same prompt, ANSI sequences remove: export PS1="[\u][demo 1.5.40.b] \w> " I'm connecting using the current version of Putty, with default Putty settings. The OS is Ubuntu 8.10.

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• (svh+ssh) getting bash to load my PATH over SSH

  - by Eli Bendersky

  This problem comes up with me trying to make svnserve (Subversion server) available on a server through SSH. I compiled SVN and installed it in $HOME/bin. Local access to it (not through SSH) works fine. Connections to svn+ssh fail due to: bash: svnserve: command not found Debugging this, I've found that: ssh user@server "which svnserve" says: which: no svnserve in (/usr/bin:/bin) This is strange, because I've updated the path to $HOME/bin in my .bashrc, and also added it in ~/.ssh/environment. However, it seems like the SSH doesn't read it. Although when I run: ssh user@server "echo $PATH" It does print my updated path! What's going on here? How can I make SSH find my svnserve? Thanks in advance

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• (svn+ssh) getting bash to load my PATH over SSH

  - by Eli Bendersky

  This problem comes up with me trying to make svnserve (Subversion server) available on a server through SSH. I compiled SVN and installed it in $HOME/bin. Local access to it (not through SSH) works fine. Connections to svn+ssh fail due to: bash: svnserve: command not found Debugging this, I've found that: ssh user@server "which svnserve" says: which: no svnserve in (/usr/bin:/bin) This is strange, because I've updated the path to $HOME/bin in my .bashrc, and also added it in ~/.ssh/environment. However, it seems like the SSH doesn't read it. Although when I run: ssh user@server "echo $PATH" It does print my updated path! What's going on here? How can I make SSH find my svnserve? Thanks in advance

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• Improper output in SSH session on OSX using FreeSSHd on Windows with cygwin bash/sh shell

  - by Tyler Clendenin

  I am testing out running an SSH server on a local Windows VM. I have installed FreeSSHd and set the command shell to "c:\cygwin\bin\sh --login -i" (bash as well) with "Use new console engine" unchecked. (When it was enabled no output would show through the ssh connection anyway) The shell seems to work, but when connecting from my OS-X terminal using ssh all of the shell results comes out ill formatted. $ ls -al total 17 drwxr-xr-x+ 1 SYSTEM Administrators 4096 Feb 2 01:00 . drwxrwxrwt+ 1 Administrator Administrators 0 Feb 2 01:01 .. -rw------- 1 SYSTEM Administrators 128 Feb 2 01:30 .bash_history -rwxr-xr-x 1 SYSTEM Administrators 1150 Feb 2 00:55 .bash_profile -rwxr-xr-x 1 SYSTEM Administrators 3754 Feb 2 00:55 .bashrc -rwxr-xr-x 1 SYSTEM Administrators 1461 Feb 2 00:55 .inputrc Any ideas on why this is happening, how I can fix this?

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• How to batch rename files using bash

  - by Alex Popov

  I know there are lots of such questions, but I couldn't find one (or a combination of several), which describes the things I want to do. I think I need to use regular expressions, but I am not very good with that. I use zsh. I have a folder with files, which I want to rename: I want the files challenge1.rb, challenge2.rb, challenge3.rb, etc. to be renamed to c1.rb, c2.rb etc. Similarly task1.rb and similar must be renamed to t1.rb etc. sample_spec_c1.rb, sample_spec_c2.rb etc. must be renamed to c1_spec.rb, c2_spec.rb etc. So I guess I need some combination of regular expressions and iteration, but I don't know how to write the bash script.

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• How can I do `dir *.mp3` in bash?

  - by Andy

  Hi all, On Windows I used to quickly run a dir *.mp3 to find all files with an mp3 extension in the current directory. Is there a similarly quick way to do it with bash? The ls command seems to have a way to ignore a pattern, but not to show only the pattern. I can do find . -maxdepth 1 -iname '*.mp3' or ls|grep -i '\.mp3$' but neither of these flow out of my fingers in half a second or less;) Any quicker alternatives? TIA Andy

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• About rw init=/bin/bash

  - by triedtoomuck

  I am a linux newbie so excuse me if I ask silly things. I recently find out that if I edit GRUB before booting and I add rw init=/bin/bash I end up with a root shell. Being in a condition that I want to understand everything I would like to know why this happens. I mean is it a bug? is it a feature? is it there to help admins to fix things as it only works if you have physical access to a computer? Which part are we exploiting? GRUB or the actual kernel? Sorry for asking a lot of things.

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• How to use HTML markup tags inside Bash script

  - by CONtext

  I have crontab and a simple bash script that sends me emails every often containing PHP, NGINX, MYSQL errors from their log files. This is a simplified example. #/home/user/status.sh [email protected] PHP_ERROR=`tail -5 /var/log/php-fpm/error.log` NGINX_ERROR=`tail -5 /var/log/nginx/error.log` MYSQL_ERROR=`tail /var/log/mysqld.log` DISK_SPACE=`df -h` echo " Today's, server report:: ================================== DISK_SPACE: $DISK_SPACE --------------------------------- MEMORY_USAGE: $MEMORY_USAGE ----------------------------------- NGINX ERROR: $NGINX_ERROR ----------------------------------- PHP ERRORS: $PHP_ERROR ------------------------------------ MYSQL_ERRORS: $MYSQL_ERROR ------------------------------------- " | mail -s "Server reports" $EMAIL I know this is a very basic usage, but as you can see, I am trying to separate the errors, but not of the html tags including \n are working. So, my question is, is it possible to use HTML tags to format the text, if not .. then what are the alternatives.

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