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• Useful ways for multilanguage navigation and static content on your site?

  - by vitto

  Hi, I have a big site running under Apache and PHP and in few mounths I should consider to add some different language version of it, but I'm not sure about the right way (or ways). My problem it isn't the user data, because I can use db tables with different languages (en, de, it, etc.) so I want concentrate my answer on navigation and static content. For now I can't use gettext because I don't have a dedicated server and I can't reboot it every time I want, but surely will be a future choice. So my main problems are these: In the site, I have classical XHTML elements like the menus, lists, div and various static texts in various pages (should be perferct for gettext, but I need a alternative) The other part of the sites has XHTML elements which are dynamically created via AJAX and jQuery, and here I haven't any idea of what can I do... So does exists some example I can see in some link to solve it (or some useful tecnique)?

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• Why Switch/Case and not If/Else If?

  - by OB OB

  This question in mainly pointed at C/C++, but I guess other languages are relevant as well. I can't understand why is switch/case still being used instead of if/else if. It seems to me much like using goto's, and results in the same sort of messy code, while the same results could be acheived with if/else if's in a much more organized manner. Still, I see these blocks around quite often. A common place to find them is near a message-loop (WndProc...), whereas these are among the places when they raise the heaviest havoc: variables are shared along the entire block, even when not propriate (and can't be initialized inside it). Extra attention has to be put on not dropping break's, and so on... Personally, I avoid using them, and I wonder wether I'm missing something? Are they more efficient than if/else's? Are they carried on by tradition?

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• what are the advantages of C# over Python

  - by Matt

  I like Python mostly for the great portability and the ease of coding, but I was wondering, what are some of the advantages that C# has over Python? The reason I ask is that one of my friends runs a private server for an online game (UO), and he offered to make me a dev if I wanted, but the software for the server is all written in C#. I'd love to do this, but I don't really have time to do multiple languages, and I was just after a few more reasons to justify taking C# over Python to myself. I'm doing this all self-taught as a hobby, btw

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• Using Markov models to convert all caps to mixed case and related problems

  - by hippietrail

  I've been thinking about using Markov techniques to restore missing information to natural language text. Restore mixed case to text in all caps Restore accents / diacritics to languages which should have them but have been converted to plain ASCII Convert rough phonetic transcriptions back into native alphabets That seems to be in order of least difficult to most difficult. Basically the problem is resolving ambiguities based on context. I can use Wiktionary as a dictionary and Wikipedia as a corpus using n-grams and Markov chains to resolve the ambiguities. Am I on the right track? Are there already some services, libraries, or tools for this sort of thing? Examples GEORGE LOST HIS SIM CARD IN THE BUSH - George lost his SIM card in the bush tantot il rit a gorge deployee - tantôt il rit à gorge déployée

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• how to manually add a cookie to Mechanize state?

  - by fearless_fool

  [I'm working in Ruby, but my question is valid for other languages as well.] I have a Mechanize-driven application. The server I'm talking to sets a cookie using javascript (rather than standard set-cookie), so Mechanize doesn't catch the cookie. I need to pass that cookie back on the next GET request. The good news is that I already know the value of the cookie, but I don't know how to tell Mechanize to include it in my next GET request. Pointers or suggestions are welcome. Thanks in advance. -ff

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• Can we represent bit fields in JSON/BSON?

  - by zubair

  We have a dozen simulators talking to each other on UDP. The interface definition is managed in a database. The simulators are written using different languages; mostly C++, some in Java and C#. Currently, when systems engineer makes changes in the interface definition database, simulator developers manually update the communication data structures in their code. The data is mostly 2-5 bytes with bit fields for each signal. What I want to do is to generate one file from interface definition database describing byte and bit field definitions and let each developer add it to his simulator code with minimal fuss. I looked at JSON/BSON but couldn't find a way to represent bit fields in it. Thanks Zubair

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• Can a Domain Specific Language (DSL) be localized?

  - by michielvoo

  I have never written a DSL, but I am considering it as a feature for a new project (hypothetical). It would be for end users to be able to express in natural language concepts such as weekdays between 10 and 11 except on the first monday of the month. Dutch users might write weekdagen tussen 10 en 11 behalve op de eerste maandag van de maand. In this case the position of the words seems to match, but there may be expressions where the position of verbs/nouns etc. could be different between languages. I realise the obvious answer (it depends). I am a .NET developer and I consider using Boo but I'm open to suggestions. I need to understand wether each translation requires rewriting a part of the implementation (which part) or if there is a way to do actual translations, maybe in some sort of preprocessor. Thanks!

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• What's the standard way to organize the contents of Java packages -- specifically the location of in

  - by RenderIn

  I suppose this could go for many OO languages. I'm building my domain objects and am not sure where the best place is for the interfaces & abstract classes. If I have a pets package with various implementations of the APet abstract class: should it live side-by-side with them or in the parent package? How about interfaces? It seems like they almost have to live above the implementations in the parent package, since there could potentially be other subpackages which implement it, while there seems to be a stronger correlation between one abstract class and a subpackage. e.g. com.foo com.foo.IConsumer (interface) com.foo.APet (abstract) com.foo.pets.Dog extends APet implements IConsumer OR com.foo com.foo.IConsumer (interface) com.foo.pets.APet (abstract) com.foo.pets.Dog extends APet implements IConsumer or something else?

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• Version control for Adobe Flash projects

  - by Guss

  I'm working with a very complex Flash project which is part of a full range of services that we deploy for the use of our clients. For most of our software sources (Java, PHP, Javascript, HTML and a some supporting scripts in other languages) we use subversion for version control and management, so we do the same for our Flash projects, even though we gain little benefits from version controlling that (except being able revert to previous versions) as FLA files are stored as just binaries which we cannot get meaningful diffs from. We're putting as much code as we can into AS files which we can properly manage using subversion, but due to the requirements of our architecture and our deployment strategy (both we cannot change because of our clients needs), we still maintain a large collection of FLA files that we need to manage. I've looked at Adobe Version Cue and while I do not really understand what it does in terms of version control, will moving our Flash projects to hosting on Version Cue will give me better control then I currently get from Subversion? Also - if people can share their experience and suggestions regarding version control of Flash projects, it will be very helpful.

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• How did Perl gain a reputation for being a write-only language?

  - by Andrew Grimm

  How did Perl gain a reputation (deserved, undeserved, or used to be deserved, no longer so) of being a "write only language"? Was it The syntax of the language Specific features that were available in the language Specific features not being available in the language (or at least old versions of it) The kind of tasks Perl was being used for The kind of people who use Perl (people who aren't full-time programmers) Criticism from people committed to another language Something else? Background: I'd like to know if some aspects that gave Perl the reputation of being write-only also apply to other languages (specifically ruby). Disclaimer: I recognise that Perl doesn't force people to do write-only code (can any language?), and that you can write bad code in any language.

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• Translating profile fields. Drupal

  - by Toktik

  Hey all, I have multilanguage site, which have 3 languages. I'm using Username as field for First and Last name combined, and some Profile(core module) fields for example biography text field. So I want to translate Username and Profile fields in each language. I have tested it with i18n, it is not working with username and profile text field. So if Username problem I can use profile text fields for First and Last name. But no one module is providing localization support for Profile fields. Any suggestions? Thank you

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• Right recursive grammar or left recursive?

  - by user2485710

  I have little to no knowledge of what I'm about to ask, so I would like a suggestion based on the level of skills required to implemented a parser for the given grammar ( since I'm a beginner in this kind of formal approach to parsers and languages ). Just by going back of a couple of years, this situation reminds me a little of Pascal grammar vs C/C++ grammar, this left vs right stuff. But I'm not going to do any of that, my purpose is to implement a simple parser for a markup language for documents like Markdown. So considering that I'm starting with a markup language in mind, I want to keep things simple, which is the easiest one to handle between this 2 options and why . Another kind of grammar could be an easier option for me ? If yes which one do you suggest ?

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• tool for adding parentheses to equations?

  - by jedierikb

  Is there an online tool for adding parentheses to simple math equations? For example, a + b * c into a + (b * c) Those who paid more attention in math class might be able to tackle order of operations for huge equations in their head, but I could often use some help (and verification of my thinking). I often encounter other people's libraries having equations and functions I need for my code, and this would be kind of helpful for debugging and understanding. I was hoping Wolfram Alpha would do this, but the output is not easy to plug back into most programming languages e.g. a + (bc)

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• How to structure a multilingual website for search engines?

  - by Nirmal

  I have this website which decides on the display language by a GET parameter. http://www.mysite.com/index.php?page=home&locale=en which is rewritten as http://www.mysite.com/en/home When no language is specified, the system defaults to English (en). Now how do I tell the search engines that many versions of the website exist? When the search bot enters the site, it will trigger the default English Language and after finishing, will just leave the site without considering other languages. I can very well have a sitemap with links to the default pages of each language, so the bot can navigate from there. But how do I say the bot that the entry in the sitemap is the home page for that language? Like if someone searches for 'mi sitio', they should be presented with the result http://www.mysite.com/es/home and not some other internal page. Any light on this? Thanks.

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• Do I have to create a static library to test my application?

  - by Christopher Gateley

  I'm just getting started with TDD and am curious as to what approaches others take to run their tests. For reference, I am using the google testing framework, but I believe the question is applicable to most other testing frameworks and to languages other than C/C++. My general approach so far has been to do either one of three things: Write the majority of the application in a static library, then create two executables. One executable is the application itself, while the other is the test runner with all of the tests. Both link to the static library. Embed the testing code directly into the application itself, and enable or disable the testing code using compiler flags. This is probably the best approach I've used so far, but clutters up the code a bit. Embed the testing code directly into the application itself, and, given certain command-line switches either run the application itself or run the tests embedded in the application. None of these solutions are particularly elegant... How do you do it?

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• Do you ever feel confident in your skills?

  - by Gary Willoughby

  As a self taught developer i always find myself questioning my skill and knowledge and always feel like i am falling behind in using new technology. Over a period of nearly 9 years i've studied most mainstream languages (especially C based ones), used lots of different OSes, read and absorbed many books and even written one myself. But i still feel i'm usless! Do professional developers ever get to the stage where they feel confident that they know what they are doing and are confident when submitting solutions/code? When do you know you're good enough?

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• How to generate one large dependency map for the whole project that builds with makefiles?

  - by Stan

  I have a gigantic project that is built using makefiles. Running make at the root of the project takes over 20 minutes when no files have changed (i.e. just traversing the project and checking for updated files). I'd like to create a dependency map that will tell me which directories I need to run 'make' in based on the file(s) changed. I already have a list of updated files that I can get from my version control system, and I'd like to skip the 20 minutes of traversing and get straight to the locations that do need to be recompiled. The project has a mix of several languages and custom tools, so this would ideally be language-independent (i.e. it would only process all makefiles to generate dependencies). I'll settle for a C/C++-specific solution, too, as the majority of the project is in C++. The project is built on Linux.

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• Class Methods Inheritence

  - by Roman A. Taycher

  I was told that static methods in java didn't have Inheritance but when I try the following test package test1; public class Main { /** * @param args the command line arguments */ public static void main(String[] args) { TB.ttt(); TB.ttt2(); } } package test1; public class TA { static public Boolean ttt() { System.out.println("TestInheritenceA"); return true; } static public String test ="ClassA"; } package test1; public class TB extends TA{ static public void ttt2(){ System.out.println(test); } } it printed : TestInheritenceA ClassA so do java static methods (and fields have) inheritance (if you try to call a class method does it go down the inheritance chai looking for class methods). Was this ever not the case,are there any inheritance OO languages that are messed up like that for class methods?

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• In what language was MSDOS originally written in?

  - by nebukadnezzar

  In what language was MSDOS originally written in? The Wikipedia Article implies either C, QBasic or Pascal, but: * C was invented to write UNIX, so I don't believe it was used to write MSDOS * Pascal seems popular to teach programming, but not really popular to write Operating systems in * QBasic didn't seem to be very popular for Operating Systems at the time MSDOS was developed (or was *BASIC ever very popular to write Operating Systems in it?) Except these three languages there is also Assembly, but I assume that Microsoft already switched from Assembly to a "higher" level language? Since C was originally invented for UNIX, I still wouldn't think Microsoft is using C... although the Microsoft API is written in C (I find this kind-of oxymoronic, actually). Can anyone enlighten me on this topic?

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• Javascript : assign variable in if condition statement, good practice or not?

  - by Michael Mao

  Hi all: I moved one years ago from classic OO languages such like Java to Javascript. The following code is definitely not recommended (or even not correct) in Java: if(dayNumber = getClickedDayNumber(dayInfo)) { alert("day number found"); } function getClickedDayNumber(dayInfo) { dayNumber = dayInfo.indexOf("fc-day"); if(dayNumber != -1) //substring found { //normally any calendar month consists of "40" days, so this will definitely pick up its day number. return parseInt(dayInfo.substring(dayNumber+6, dayNumber+8)); } else return false; } Basically I just found out that I can assign a variable to a value in an if condition statement, and immediately check the assigned value as if it is boolean. For a safer bet, I usually separate that into two lines of code, assign first then check the variable, but now that I found this, I am just wondering whether is it good practice or not in the eyes of experienced javascript developers? Many thanks in advance.

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• Hidden Features and Dark Corners of STL?

  - by Andrei

  C++ developers, all know the basics of C++: Declarations, conditionals, loops, operators, etc. Some of us even mastered the stuff like templates, object model, complex I/O, etc. But what are the most hidden features or tricks or dark corners of C++/STL that even C++ fans, addicts, and experts barely know? I am talking about a seasoned C++ programmer (be she/he a developer, student, fan, all three, etc), who thinks (s)he knows something 99% of us never heard or dreamed about. Something that not only makes his/her work easier, but also cool and hackish. After all, C++ is one of the most used programming languages in the world, thus it should have intricacies that only a few privileged know about and want to share with us. Boost is welcome too! One per post with an example please P.S Examples are important for other developers to copy and paste!

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• iPhone addition to already localized nibs

  - by user168610

  I've submitted an app to the store that has been localised into a number of languages. Now it's time to update a few things, so I've added a few new components to a xib or two and modify them as IBOutlets from my code. All works great in English, but when I change to a different language it appears that my nib additions haven't been propagated through the localised nibs that already existed. (I get an unrecognised selector on a UILabel I've added). What is the correct workflow for adding new items to an already localised nib? Should a modification to the top level .xib carry through to all localised versions? Or should I unlocalize, add new components and then localise all over again? Many thanks, Bryn

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• GUI designers! - got suggestions for a GUI modelling diagram language?

  - by naugtur

  Refering to this question I asked a while ago: UI functionality modeling languages It looks like there is no good-enough solution. I decided to develop one. (and prepare a set of elements for DIA or something) I'm sure it will require a good insight in peoples' experiences and problems in designing functionally complicated GUIs. I've got some ideas already, but I'd like to hear from You what You'd expect from a GUI functionality modelling language. Clarification: It's functionality modelling, so it's not about where I put a button. It's about objects that have some events binded, and the interface behaviour logic. If You think (just as I do) that UML is far from useful for such purposes - feel free to put Your expectations here. I'll try to meet them. ( not necessarily in person;) ) Remember - there is no such thing as a wrong answer to this question

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• A Question About the Expressive Power of Higher-Order Logical Reasoning Formalisms.

  - by Bubba88

  Hi! I do not really know if this is scientifically proven, but I've read in a book (It was a relatively modern AI book by Peter Norvig) that secon-order logical programming could be more expressive than existing first-order languages. The question is: Is it statistically/symbolically proven that higher-order predicate logics exceed first-order predicates in their expressive power? Or they just bring the modularity/convenience/maintainability to your knowledge bases? Additionally: If there is some kind of firm direction in which I could go seeking more expressive power than I have (I mean exactly the descriptive potential of the symbols I write in given semantics/syntax) - then I would be glad to hear just almost everything :) Thank you.

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• Why the "mutable default argument fix" syntax is so ugly, asks python newbie

  - by Cawas

  Now following my series of "python newbie questions" and based on another question. Go to http://python.net/~goodger/projects/pycon/2007/idiomatic/handout.html#other-languages-have-variables and scroll down to "Default Parameter Values". There you can find the following: def bad_append(new_item, a_list=[]): a_list.append(new_item) return a_list def good_append(new_item, a_list=None): if a_list is None: a_list = [] a_list.append(new_item) return a_list So, question here is: why is the "good" syntax over a known issue ugly like that in a programming language that promotes "elegant syntax" and "easy-to-use"? Why not just something in the definition itself, that the "argument" name is attached to a "localized" mutable object like: def better_append(new_item, a_list=[].local): a_list.append(new_item) return a_list I'm sure there would be a better way to do this syntax, but I'm also almost positive there's a good reason to why it hasn't been done. So, anyone happens to know why?

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