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• error detection/correction/recovery in serial protocols

  - by Jason S

  I have some designing to do for a serial protocol and am running into some questions that I figure must have been considered elsewhere. So I'm wondering if there are some recommendations for best practices in designing serial protocols. (Please either state a fact that is easily verifiable, or cite a reputable source if you make a claim.) General recommendations for websites/books are also welcome. In particular I have to deal with issues like parsing a stream of bytes into packets verifying a packet is correct (easy with a CRC, for instance) identifying reasonable types of errors that can occur (e.g. in a point-to-point serial stream, sporadic single bit errors, and dropped series of bytes, are both likely, but extra phantom bytes are unlikely; whereas with a record stored in flash memory or on a disk drive the types of errors that predominate are different) error correction or recovery (if I detect an error in a packet, can I correct it? If not, can I resync to the boundary of the next packet?) how to make variable-length packets robust to error correction / recovery. Any suggestions?

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• How to parse XML file to get specific data effectively

  - by Carlos_Liu

  I have an XML file looks like this: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <PathMasks> <Mask desc="Masks_X1"> <config id="01" mask="88" /> <config id="03" mask="80" /> <config id="51" mask="85" /> </Mask> <Mask desc="Masks_X2"> <config id="70" mask="1" /> <config id="73" mask="6" /> </Mask> <Types> <path id="01" desc="TC->PP1" /> <path id="02" desc="TC->PP2" /> <path id="03" desc="TC->PPn" /> </Types> </PathMasks> How to parse the file and get all the data of Mask_X1 as following: id value ===== 01, 88 03, 80 51, 85

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• Inner join and outer join options in Entity Framework 4.0

  - by bigb

  I am using EF 4.0 and I need to implement query with one inner join and with N outer joins I started to implement this using different approaches but get into trouble at some point. Here is two examples how I started of doing this using ObjectQuery<'T' and Linq to Entity 1)Using ObjectQuery<'T' I implement flexible outer join but I don't know how to perform inner join with entity Rules in that case (by default Include("Rules") doing outer join, but i need to inner join by Id). public static IEnumerable<Race> GetRace(List<string> includes, DateTime date) { IRepository repository = new Repository(new BEntities()); ObjectQuery<Race> result = (ObjectQuery<Race>)repository.AsQueryable<Race>(); //perform outer joins with related entities if (includes != null) foreach (string include in includes) result = result.Include(include); //here i need inner join insteard of default outer join result = result.Include("Rules"); return result.ToList(); } 2)Using Linq To Entity I need to have kind of outer join(somethin like in GetRace()) where i may pass a List with entities to include) and also i need to perform correct inner join with entity Rules public static IEnumerable<Race> GetRace2(List<string> includes, DateTime date) { IRepository repository = new Repository(new BEntities()); IEnumerable<Race> result = from o in repository.AsQueryable<Race>() from b in o.RaceBetRules select new { o }); //I need here: // 1. to perform the same way inner joins with related entities like with ObjectQuery above //here i getting List<AnonymousType> which i cant cast to //IEnumerable<Race> when i did try to cast like //(IEnumerable<Race>)result.ToList(); i did get error: //Unable to cast object of type //'System.Collections.Generic.List`1[<>f__AnonymousType0`1[BetsTipster.Entity.Tip.Types.Race]]' //to type //'System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable`1[BetsTipster.Entity.Tip.Types.Race]'. return result.ToList(); } May be someone have some ideas about that.

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• What's the difference between an option type and a nullable type?

  - by Peter Olson

  In F# mantra there seems to be a visceral avoidance of null, Nullable<T> and its ilk. In exchange, we are supposed to instead use option types. To be honest, I don't really see the difference. My understanding of the F# option type is that it allows you to specify a type which can contain any of its normal values, or None. For example, an Option<int> allows all of the values that an int can have, in addition to None. My understanding of the C# nullable types is that it allows you to specify a type which can contain any of its normal values, or null. For example, a Nullable<int> a.k.a int? allows all of the values that an int can have, in addition to null. What's the difference? Do some vocabulary replacement with Nullable and Option, null and None, and you basically have the same thing. What's all the fuss over null about?

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• heterogeneous comparisons in python3

  - by Matt Anderson

  I'm 99+% still using python 2.x, but I'm trying to think ahead to the day when I switch. So, I know that using comparison operators (less/greater than, or equal to) on heterogeneous types that don't have a natural ordering is no longer supported in python3.x -- instead of some consistent (but arbitrary) result we raise TypeError instead. I see the logic in that, and even mostly think its a good thing. Consistency and refusing to guess is a virtue. But what if you essentially want the python2.x behavior? What's the best way to go about getting it? For fun (more or less) I was recently implementing a Skip List, a data structure that keeps its elements sorted. I wanted to use heterogeneous types as keys in the data structure, and I've got to compare keys to one another as I walk the data structure. The python2.x way of comparing makes this really convenient -- you get an understandable ordering amongst elements that have a natural ordering, and some ordering amongst those that don't. Consistently using a sort/comparison key like (type(obj).__name__, obj) has the disadvantage of not interleaving the objects that do have a natural ordering; you get all your floats clustered together before your ints, and your str-derived class separates from your strs. I came up with the following: import operator def hetero_sort_key(obj): cls = type(obj) return (cls.__name__+'_'+cls.__module__, obj) def make_hetero_comparitor(fn): def comparator(a, b): try: return fn(a, b) except TypeError: return fn(hetero_sort_key(a), hetero_sort_key(b)) return comparator hetero_lt = make_hetero_comparitor(operator.lt) hetero_gt = make_hetero_comparitor(operator.gt) hetero_le = make_hetero_comparitor(operator.le) hetero_ge = make_hetero_comparitor(operator.gt) Is there a better way? I suspect one could construct a corner case that this would screw up -- a situation where you can compare type A to B and type A to C, but where B and C raise TypeError when compared, and you can end up with something illogical like a > b, a < c, and yet b > c (because of how their class names sorted). I don't know how likely it is that you'd run into this in practice.

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• Regular expression either/or not matching everything

  - by dwatransit

  I'm trying to parse an HTTP GET request to determine if the url contains any of a number of file types. If it does, I want to capture the entire request. There is something I don't understand about ORing. The following regular expression only captures part of it, and only if .flv is the first int the list of ORd values. (I've obscured the urls with spaces because Stackoverflow limits hyperlinks) regex: GET.?(.flv)|(.mp4)|(.avi).? test text: GET http: // foo.server.com/download/0/37/3000016511/.flv?mt=video/xy match output: GET http: // foo.server.com/download/0/37/3000016511/.flv I don't understand why the .*? at the end of the regex isnt callowing it to capture the entire text. If I get rid of the ORing of file types, then it works. Here is the test code in case my explanation doesn't make sense: public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub String sourcestring = "GET http: // foo.server.com/download/0/37/3000016511/.flv?mt=video/xy"; Pattern re = Pattern.compile("GET .?\.flv."); // this works //output: // [0][0] = GET http :// foo.server.com/download/0/37/3000016511/.flv?mt=video/xy // the match from the following ends with the ".flv", not the entire url. // also it only works if .flv is the first of the 3 ORd options //Pattern re = Pattern.compile("GET .?(\.flv)|(\.mp4)|(\.avi).?"); // output: //[0][0] = GET http: // foo.server.com/download/0/37/3000016511/.flv // [0][1] = .flv // [0][2] = null // [0][3] = null Matcher m = re.matcher(sourcestring); int mIdx = 0; while (m.find()){ for( int groupIdx = 0; groupIdx < m.groupCount()+1; groupIdx++ ){ System.out.println( "[" + mIdx + "][" + groupIdx + "] = " + m.group(groupIdx)); } mIdx++; } } }

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• Enforce strong type checking in C (type strictness for typedefs)

  - by quinmars

  Is there a way to enforce explicit cast for typedefs of the same type? I've to deal with utf8 and sometimes I get confused with the indices for the character count and the byte count. So it be nice to have some typedefs: typedef unsigned int char_idx_t; typedef unsigned int byte_idx_t; With the addition that you need an explicit cast between them: char_idx_t a = 0; byte_idx_t b; b = a; // compile warning b = (byte_idx_t) a; // ok I know that such a feature doesn't exist in C, but maybe you know a trick or a compiler extension (preferable gcc) that does that. EDIT: I still don't really like the Hungarian notation in general, I couldn't used it for this problem because of project coding conventions, but I used it now in another similar case, where also the types are the same and the meanings are very similar. And I have to admit: it helps. I never would go and declare every integer with a starting "i", but as in Joel's example for overlapping types, it can be life saving.

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• Volatile fields in C#

  - by Danny Chen

  From the specification 10.5.3 Volatile fields: The type of a volatile field must be one of the following: A reference-type. The type byte, sbyte, short, ushort, int, uint, char, float, bool, System.IntPtr, or System.UIntPtr. An enum-type having an enum base type of byte, sbyte, short, ushort, int, or uint. First I want to confirm my understanding is correct: I guess the above types can be volatile because they are stored as a 4-bytes unit in memory(for reference types because of its address), which guarantees the read/write operation is atomic. A double/long/etc type can't be volatile because they are not atomic reading/writing since they are more than 4 bytes in memory. Is my understanding correct? And the second, if the first guess is correct, why a user defined struct with only one int field in it(or something similar, 4 bytes is ok) can't be volatile? Theoretically it's atomic right? Or it's not allowed simply because that all user defined structs(which is possibly more than 4 bytes) are not allowed to volatile by design?

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• Duplicating custom nodes in JavaFX

  - by Elazar Leibovich

  As far as I understand, duplicating nodes in JavaFX should be done with the Duplicator.duplicate function. It works fine when duplicating nodes whose types are included in JavaFX library, for example def dup = Duplicator.duplicate(Rectangle{x:30 y:30 width:100 height:100}); dup.translateX = 10; insert dup into content; would insert a black rectangle to the scene. However if I define a new class in the following way: class MyRect extends Rectangle {} Or class MyRect extends CustomNode { override function create() {Rectangle{x:30 y:30 width:10 height:10}} } It gives me the following runtime error Type 'javafxapplication1.NumberGrid$MyRect' not found. Where of course javafxapplication1.NumberGrid are the package and file the MyRect class is in. This guy at Sun's forums had the same problem, but I don't see any answer in there. Or maybe I'm doing that the wrong way, and there's a better approach for duplicating custom nodes? update: Trying to duplicate Group worked, but trying to duplicate Stack yields the same error. According to the documentation, it's supposed to support all types supported in FXD including Node, but maybe it supports only some of Node's descendants?

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• Prolog check if

  - by NickLee

  I'm creating a text adventure game on SWI-Prolog and I want to include (some kind of) dialogs. What I have so far is: dialog1(1):- nl,write('blah blah'),nl write('a: this is answer a'),nl, write('b: this is answer b'),nl. a:- write('respond to answer a'),nl. b:- write('respond to answer b'),nl. That's pretty much the first dialog. Now I want to create a second dialog similar to the first one. dialog1(2):- nl,write('blah blah'),nl, write('a: this is answer a'),nl, write('b: this is answer b'),nl. a:- write('respond to answer a'),nl. b:- write('respond to answer b'),nl. How can I check if the dialog is the first or the second one? I want to do that because when the user types a., I need the right answer a to be shown. I thought I could use something like a(1):- write('respond to answer a'),nl. b(1):- write('respond to answer b'),nl. /* and on the second dialog*/ a(2):- write('respond to answer a'),nl. b(2):- write('respond to answer b'),nl. But still, if the user is on dialog 2 and he types a(1),the first answer will appear.

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• Trying to convert existing production database table columns from enum to VARCHAR (Rails)

  - by dchua

  Hi everyone, I have a problem that needs me to convert my existing live production (I've duplicated the schema on my local development box, don't worry :)) table column types from enums to a string. Background: Basically, a previous developer left my codebase in absolute shit, migration versions are extremely out of date, and apparently he never used it after a certain point of time in development and now that I'm tasked with migrating a rails 1.2.6 app to 2.3.5, I can't get the tests to run properly on 2.3.5 because my table columns have ENUM column types and they convert to :string, :limit = 0 on my schema.rb which creates the problem of an invalid default value when doing a rake db:test:prepare, like in the case of: Mysql::Error: Invalid default value for 'own_vehicle': CREATE TABLE `lifestyles` (`id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL auto_increment PRIMARY KEY, `member_id` int(11) DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL, `own_vehicle` varchar(0) DEFAULT 'Y' NOT NULL, `hobbies` text, `sports` text, `AStar_activities` text, `how_know_IRC` varchar(100), `IRC_referral` varchar(200), `IRC_others` varchar(100), `IRC_rdrive` varchar(30)) ENGINE=InnoDB I'm thinking of writing a migration task that looks through all the database tables for columns with enum and replace it with VARCHAR and I'm wondering if this is the right way to approach this problem. I'm also not very sure how to write it such that it would loop through my database tables and replace all ENUM colum_types with a VARCHAR. References [1] https://rails.lighthouseapp.com/projects/8994/tickets/997-dbschemadump-saves-enum-columns-as-varchar0-on-mysql [2] http://dev.rubyonrails.org/ticket/2832

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• general learning methodology

  - by momo

  just wanted to hear on the different general learning paths people embark on when learning a new language/framework. the one i currently use, which is how i learned bash and am currently learning python, is: instant hacking tutorial (very short tutorial introducing the basic syntax, variable declaration, loops, data types, etc. and how they are generally used) in depth tutorial with good programming style and slightly topic-specific (e.g. Mark Pilgrim's Dive into Python), important topics for me personally are regex methods, file IO, and ways the different data types are utilized best (i wrote a very primitive bayesian spam filter using python's dictionaries to keep track of word occurrences) spaced-repition of syntax or short recipes (i use anki, with questions like 'create dictionary with filename and filesize metadata, human-readable' or simpler ones like 'match 0 - 3 occurences of the letter M in a string', or 'return/create an iterator from two sequences') the use of spaced-repitition has been invaluable, and i credit it with the ease that i can recall/create python algorithms. however, i've recently started looking into django, and i've found that spaced-repitition, at least in my case, doesn't work very well for learning a framework, it works best with short code recipes (either that or i should start looking into more basic django framework tutorials). the problem i'm encountering is that since framework programming is not only algorithms, but actually learning the API, which can be quite complex since you have to learn all the methods, modules, the places where they are stored, and the sequence of which things have to be done. for ex. in django to start a project that deals with polls (from the django tutorial), one has to create the project, edit the settings.py file, create the polls app, edit the models.py file (which requires knowing the classes that are present in the module models), edit the urls.py file, etc. i found that my spaced-repition method didn't work very well for this type of learning, so i wanted to ask you guys what method(s) you use for learning the different frameworks/APIs.

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• Is it possible to use SqlGeography with Linq to Sql?

  - by cofiem

  I've been having quite a few problems trying to use Microsoft.SqlServer.Types.SqlGeography. I know full well that support for this in Ling to Sql is not great. I've tried numerous ways, beginning with what would the expected way (Database type of geography, CLR type of SqlGeography). This produces the NotSupportedException, which is widely discussed via blogs. I've then gone down the path of treating the geography column as a varbinary(max), as geography is a UDT stored as binary. This seems to work fine (with some binary reading and writing extension methods). However, I'm now running into a rather obscure issue, which does not seem to have happened to many other people. System.InvalidCastException: Unable to cast object of type 'Microsoft.SqlServer.Types.SqlGeography' to type 'System.Byte[]'. This error is thrown from an ObjectMaterializer when iterating through a query. It seems to only occur when the tables containing geography columns are included in a query implicitly (ie. using the EntityRef<> properties to do joins). System.Data.Linq.SqlClient.ObjectReaderCompiler.ObjectReader`2.MoveNext() My question: If I'm retrieving the geography column as varbinary(max), I might expect the reverse error: can't cast byte[] to SqlGeography. That I would understand. This I don't. I do have some properies on the partial LINQ to SQL classes that hide the binary conversion... could those be the issue? Any help appreciated, and I know there's probably not enough information.

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• ASP.Net MVC: Showing the same data using different layouts...

  - by vdh_ant

  Hi guys I'm wanting to create a page that allows the users to select how they would like to view their data - i.e. summary (which supports grouping), grid (which supports grouping), table (which supports grouping), map, time line, xml, json etc. Now each layout would probably have different use a different view model, which inherit from a common base class/view model. The reason being that each layout needs the object structure that it deals with to be different (some need hierarchical others a flatter structure). Each layout would call the same repository method and each layout would support the same functionality, i.e. searching and filtering (hence these controls would be shared between layouts). The main exception to this would be sorting which only grid and table views would need to support. Now my question is given this what do people think is the best approach. Using DisplayFor to handle the rendering of the different types? Also how do I work this with the actions... I would imagine that I would use the one action, and pass in the layout types, but then how does this support the grouping required for the summary, grid and table views. Do i treat each grouping as just a layout type Also how would this work from a URL point of view - what do people think is the template to support this layout functionality Cheers Anthony

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• WCF ServiceContract and svcutil issue

  - by Valko

  Hi, I have a public interface auto-generated bu svcutil: [System.ServiceModel.ServiceContractAttribute(Namespace="...", ConfigurationName="...")] public interface MyInterface Then I have asmx web service inheriting it and working fine. I am trying ot convert it to WCF but when I instrument the service (in asmx.cs code behind) with ServiceContract: [ServiceContract(Namespace = "...")] public class MyService : MyInterface Also I have cerated .svc file and added the system.serviceModel setting in the config file. The goal is to migrate the asmx service to WCF service. I've got this error: The service class of type MyService both defines a ServiceContract and inherits a ServiceContract from type MyInterface. Contract inheritance can only be used among interface types. If a class is marked with ServiceContractAttribute, it must be the only type in the hierarchy with ServiceContractAttribute. The asmx service is still working fine. Only the .svc is giving me issues. My question is how to fix that. MyInterface is an interface so I do not see what the problem is and why I've got the error anyway. Note I do not want to change MyInterface, because it is autogenerated from svcutil from my wsdl schema and I do not want this interface to be edited manually. The whole idea is to have the service types automatically genereted from WSDL and to save my team development efforts with manual editing. Any help is appreciated.

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• What design pattern shall I use in this question?

  - by iyad al aqel

  To be frank, this is a homework question, so I'll tell you my opinion. Can you let me know my mistakes rather than giving me the solution? This is the question : Assume a restaurant that only offers the following two types of meals: (a) a full meal and (b)an economic meal. The full meal consists of the following food items and is served in the following order: 1. Appetizer 2. Drink 3. Main dish 4. Dessert Meanwhile the economic meal consists of the following food items and is served in the following order: 1. Drink 2. Main dish Identify the most appropriate design pattern that can be used to allow a customer to only order using one of the two types of meals provided and that the meal components must be served in the given order. I'm confused between the Factory and the Iterator and using them both together. Using the factory Pattern we can create the two meals full and economic and provide the user with with a base object class that will decide upon. But how can we enforce the ordering of the elements, I thought of using the iterator along that will iterate through the the composite of the two created factories sort of speak. What do you think?

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• Refactoring code/consolidating functions (e.g. nested for-loop order)

  - by bmay2

  Just a little background: I'm making a program where a user inputs a skeleton text, two numbers (lower and upper limit), and a list of words. The outputs are a series of modifications on the skeleton text. Sample inputs: text = "Player # likes @." (replace # with inputted integers and @ with words in list) lower = 1 upper = 3 list = "apples, bananas, oranges" The user can choose to iterate over numbers first: Player 1 likes apples. Player 2 likes apples. Player 3 likes apples. Or words first: Player 1 likes apples. Player 1 likes bananas. Player 1 likes oranges. I chose to split these two methods of outputs by creating a different type of dictionary based on either number keys (integers inputted by the user) or word keys (from words in the inputted list) and then later iterating over the values in the dictionary. Here are the two types of dictionary creation: def numkey(dict): # {1: ['Player 1 likes apples', 'Player 1 likes...' ] } text, lower, upper, list = input_sort(dict) d = {} for num in range(lower,upper+1): l = [] for i in list: l.append(text.replace('#', str(num)).replace('@', i)) d[num] = l return d def wordkey(dict): # {'apples': ['Player 1 likes apples', 'Player 2 likes apples'..] } text, lower, upper, list = input_sort(dict) d = {} for i in list: l = [] for num in range(lower,upper+1): l.append(text.replace('#', str(num)).replace('@', i)) d[i] = l return d It's fine that I have two separate functions for creating different types of dictionaries but I see a lot of repetition between the two. Is there any way I could make one dictionary function and pass in different values to it that would change the order of the nested for loops to create the specific {key : value} pairs I'm looking for? I'm not sure how this would be done. Is there anything related to functional programming or other paradigms that might help with this? The question is a little abstract and more stylistic/design-oriented than anything.

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• Do COM Dll References Require Manual Disposal? If so, How?

  - by Drew

  I have written some code in VB that verifies that a particular port in the Windows Firewall is open, and opens one otherwise. The code uses references to three COM DLLs. I wrote a WindowsFirewall class, which Imports the primary namespace defined by the DLLs. Within members of the WindowsFirewall class I construct some of the types defined by the DLLs referenced. The following code isn't the entire class, but demonstrates what I am doing. Imports NetFwTypeLib Public Class WindowsFirewall Public Shared Function IsFirewallEnabled as Boolean Dim icfMgr As INetFwMgr icfMgr = CType(System.Activator.CreateInstance(Type.GetTypeFromProgID("HNetCfg.FwMgr")), INetFwMgr) Dim profile As INetFwProfile profile = icfMgr.LocalPolicy.CurrentProfile Dim fIsFirewallEnabled as Boolean fIsFirewallEnabled = profile.FirewallEnabled return fIsFirewallEnabled End Function End Class I do not reference COM DLLs very often. I have read that unmanaged code may not be cleaned up by the garbage collector and I would like to know how to make sure that I have not introduced any memory leaks. Please tell me (a) if I have introduced a memory leak, and (b) how I may clean it up. (My theory is that the icfMgr and profile objects do allocate memory that remains unreleased until after the application closes. I am hopeful that setting their references equal to nothing will mark them for garbage collection, since I can find no other way to dispose of them. Neither one implements IDisposable, and neither contains a Finalize method. I suspect they may not even be relevant here, and that both of those methods of releasing memory only apply to .Net types.)

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• Multiple queries using same datacontext throws SqlException

  - by Raj

  I've search control with which I'm trying to implement search as user types something. I'm using Linq to SQL to fire queries against the database. Though it works fine usually, when user types the queries really fast some random SqlException is thrown. These are the two different error message I stumbled across recently: A severe error occurred on the current command. The results, if any, should be discarded. Invalid attempt to call Read when reader is closed. Edit: Included code DataContextFactory class: public DataContextFactory(IConnectionStringFactory connectionStringFactory) { this.dataContext = new RegionDataContext(connectionStringFactory.ConnectionString); } public DataContext Context { get { return this.dataContext; } } public void SaveAll() { this.dataContext.SubmitChanges(); } Registering IDataContextFactory with Unity // Get connection string from Application.Current settings ConnectionInfo connectionInfo = Application.Current.Properties["ConnectionInfo"] as ConnectionInfo; // Register ConnectionStringFactory with Unity container as a Singleton this.container.RegisterType<IConnectionStringFactory, ConnectionStringFactory>(new ContainerControlledLifetimeManager(), new InjectionConstructor(connectionInfo.ConnectionString)); // Register DataContextFactory with Unity container this.container.RegisterType<IDataContextFactory, DataContextFactory>(); Connection string: Data Source=.\SQLEXPRESS2008;User Instance=true;Integrated Security=true;AttachDbFilename=C:\client.mdf;MultipleActiveResultSets=true; Using datacontext from a repository class: // IDataContextFactory dependency is injected by Unity public CompanyRepository(IDataContextFactory dataContextFactory) { this.dataContextFactory = dataContextFactory; } // return List<T> of companies var results = this.dataContextFactory.Context.GetTable<CompanyEntity>() .Join(this.dataContextFactory.Context.GetTable<RegionEntity>(), c => c.regioncode, r => r.regioncode, (c, r) => new { c = c, r = r }) .Where(t => t.c.summary_region != null) .Select(t => new { Id = t.c.compcode, Company = t.c.compname, Region = t.r.regionname }).ToList(); What is the work around?

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• Can I specify default value?

  - by atch

  Why is it that for user defined types when creating an array of objects every element of this array is initialized with default ctor but when I create built-in type this isn't the case? And second question: is it possible to specify default value to be used while initialize? Something like this (not valid): char* p = new char[size]('\0'); And another question in this topic while I'm with arrays. I suppose that when creating an array of user defined type and knowing the fact that every elem. of this array will be initialized with default value firstly why? If arrays for built in types do not initialize their elems. with their dflts why do they do it for UDT, and secondly: is there a way to switch it off/avoid/circumvent somehow? It seems like bit of a waste if I for example have created an array with size 10000 and then 10000 times dflt ctor will be invoked and I will (later on) overwrite this values anyway. I think that behaviour should be consistent, so either every type of array should be initialized or none. And I think that the behaviour for built-in arrays is more appropriate.

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• Comparison operators not supported for type IList when Paging data in Linq to Sql

  - by Dan

  I can understand what the error is saying - it can't compare a list. Not a problem, other than the fact that I don't know how to not have it compare a list when I want to page through a model with a list as a property. My Model: Event : IEvent int Id string Title // Other stuff.. LazyList<EventDate> Dates // The "problem" property Method which pages the data (truncated): public JsonResult JsonEventList(int skip, int take) { var query = _eventService.GetEvents(); // Do some filtering, then page data.. query = query.Skip(skip).Take(take); return Json(query.ToArray()); } As I said, the above is truncated quite a bit, leaving only the main point of the function: filter, page and return JSON'd data. The exception occurs when I enumerate (.ToArray()). The Event object is really only used to list the common objects of all the event types (Meetings, Birthdays, etc - for example). It still implements IEvent like the other types, so I can't just remove the LazyList<EventDate> Dates' property unless I no longer implementIEvent` Anyway, is there a way to avoid this? I don't really want to compare a LazyList when I page, but I do not know how to resolve this issue. Thank you in advance! :)

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• Pass Linq Expression to a function

  - by Kushan Hasithe Fernando

  I want to pass a property list of a class to a function. with in the function based on property list I'm going to generate a query. As exactly same functionality in Linq Select method. Here I'm gonna implement this for Ingress Database. As an example, in front end I wanna run a select as this, My Entity Class is like this public class Customer { [System.Data.Linq.Mapping.ColumnAttribute(Name="Id",IsPrimaryKey=true)] public string Id { get; set; } [System.Data.Linq.Mapping.ColumnAttribute(Name = "Name")] public string Name { get; set; } [System.Data.Linq.Mapping.ColumnAttribute(Name = "Address")] public string Address { get; set; } [System.Data.Linq.Mapping.ColumnAttribute(Name = "Email")] public string Email { get; set; } [System.Data.Linq.Mapping.ColumnAttribute(Name = "Mobile")] public string Mobile { get; set; } } I wanna call a Select function like this, var result = dataAccessService.Select<Customer>(C=>C.Name,C.Address); then,using result I can get the Name and Address properties' values. I think my Select function should looks like this, ( *I think this should done using Linq Expression. But im not sure what are the input parameter and return type. * ) Class DataAccessService { // I'm not sure about this return type and input types, generic types. public TResult Select<TSource,TResult>(Expression<Func<TSource,TResult>> selector) { // Here using the property list, // I can get the ColumnAttribute name value and I can generate a select query. } } This is a attempt to create a functionality like in Linq. But im not an expert in Linq Expressions. There is a project call DbLinq from MIT, but its a big project and still i couldn't grab anything helpful from that. Can someone please help me to start this, or can someone link me some useful resources to read about this.

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• How to setup relationships in contact Database

  - by Walt

  I am currently embarking on a new venture to learn PHP and MySQL. I have done some simple databases in the past using Access, but this one is to be a web-centric database for tracking a myriad of data including contacts and project information. I will need to link the various tables in various relationships, and I am not sure the best way to do that. Since I am just starting out with PHP/MySQL I am researching online sources for learning as much as possible. If anyone has recommendations on books or websites, I would appreciate it. In setting up my tables, one major area that I am concerned with is contacts. I will have a variety of contacts that include: employees, clients, vendors, subcontractors, etc.. and a single contact can be multiple types and each type would have various additional fields that pertain to them. My thought was to have one contacts table that links to other tables for the various contact types. I'm not sure which field type or setup of table options are best... Thoughts? This scenario will likely play out in other areas of the database as well for projects and products. Any pointers/direction would be appreciated. WES

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• Question about cloning in Java

  - by devoured elysium

  In Effective Java, the author states that: If a class implements Cloneable, Object's clone method returns a field-by-field copy of the object; otherwise it throws CloneNotSupportedException. What I'd like to know is what he means with field-by-field copy. Does it mean that if the class has X bytes in memory, it will just copy that piece of memory? If yes, then can I assume all value types of the original class will be copied to the new object? class Point { private int x; private int y; @Override public Point clone() { return (Point)super.clone(); } } If what Object.clone() does is a field by field copy of the Point class, I'd say that I wouldn't need to explicitly copy fields x and y, being that the code shown above will be more than enough to make a clone of the Point class. That is, the following bit of code is redundant: @Override public Point clone() { Point newObj = (Point)super.clone(); newObj.x = this.x; //redundant newObj.y = this.y; //redundant } Am I right? I know references of the cloned object will point automatically to where the original object's references pointed to, I'm just not sure what happens specifically with value types. If anyone could state clearly what Object.clone()'s algorithm specification is (in easy language) that'd be great. Thanks

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• Generic callbacks

  - by bobobobo

  Extends So, I'm trying to learn template metaprogramming better and I figure this is a good exercise for it. I'm trying to write code that can callback a function with any number of arguments I like passed to it. // First function to call int add( int x, int y ) ; // Second function to call double square( double x ) ; // Third func to call void go() ; The callback creation code should look like: // Write a callback object that // will be executed after 42ms for "add" Callback<int, int, int> c1 ; c1.func = add ; c1.args.push_back( 2 ); // these are the 2 args c1.args.push_back( 5 ); // to pass to the "add" function // when it is called Callback<double, double> c2 ; c2.func = square ; c2.args.push_back( 52.2 ) ; What I'm thinking is, using template metaprogramming I want to be able to declare callbacks like, write a struct like this (please keep in mind this is VERY PSEUDOcode) <TEMPLATING ACTION <<ANY NUMBER OF TYPES GO HERE>> > struct Callback { double execTime ; // when to execute TYPE1 (*func)( TYPE2 a, TYPE3 b ) ; void* argList ; // a stored list of arguments // to plug in when it is time to call __func__ } ; So for when called with Callback<int, int, int> c1 ; You would automatically get constructed for you by < HARDCORE TEMPLATING ACTION > a struct like struct Callback { double execTime ; // when to execute int (*func)( int a, int b ) ; void* argList ; // this would still be void*, // but I somehow need to remember // the types of the args.. } ; Any pointers in the right direction to get started on writing this?

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