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• Do any languages other than haskell/agda have a hindley-milner type system and type classes?

  - by Jimmy Hoffa

  In pondering what gives Haskell such a layer of mental pain in becoming proficient the main thing I can think of are the Monads, Applicatives, Functors, and gaining an intuition to know how a list or maybe will behave in regards to sequence or alternate or bind etc. But why haven't other languages presented these same concepts given the usefulness of monads/applicatives/etc? It occurs to me, type classes are the key, so the question is: Have any languages other than Haskell/Agda actually implemented type classes in the same or similar way?

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• Should maven generate jaxb java code or just use java code from source control?

  - by Peter Turner

  We're trying to plan how to mash together a build server for our shiny new java backend. We use a lot of jaxb XSD code generation and I was getting into a heated argument with whoever cared that the build server should delete jaxb created structures that were checked in generate the code from XSD's use code generated from those XSD's Everyone else thought that it made more sense to just use the code they checked in (we check in the code generated from the XSD because Eclipse pretty much forces you to do this as far as I can tell). My only stale argument is in my reading of the Joel test is that making the build in one step means generating from the source code and the source code is not the java source, but the XSD's because if you're messing around with the generated code you're gonna get pinched eventually. So, given that we all agree (you may not agree) we should probably be checking in our generate java files, should we use them to generate our code or should we generate it using the XSD's?

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• What is the ideal length of a method?

  - by iPhoneDeveloper

  In object-oriented programming, there is no exact rule on the maximum length of a method , but I still found these two qutes somewhat contradicting each other, so I would like to hear what you think. In Clean Code: A Handbook of Agile Software Craftsmanship, Robert Martin says: The first rule of functions is that they should be small. The second rule of functions is that they should be smaller than that. Functions should not be 100 lines long. Functions should hardly ever be 20 lines long. and he gives an example from Java code he sees from Kent Beck: Every function in his program was just two, or three, or four lines long. Each was transparently obvious. Each told a story. And each led you to the next in a compelling order. That’s how short your functions should be! This sounds great, but on the other hand, in Code Complete, Steve McConnell says something very different: The routine should be allowed to grow organically up to 100-200 lines, decades of evidence say that routines of such length no more error prone then shorter routines. And he gives a reference to a study that says routines 65 lines or long are cheaper to develop. So while there are diverging opinions about the matter, is there a functional best-practice towards determining the ideal length of a method for you?

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• How best to deal with the frustration that you encounter at the beginning of learning to code [closed]

  - by coderboy

  I am right now a newbie on the job learning to code in Cocoa . In the beginning I decided that I would try and understand everything I was doing . But right now I just feel like a clueless wizard chanting some spells . Its all just a matter of googling the right incantation . Frequently getting stuck and having to google for answers is proving to be a major demotivator for me . I know that this will get better over time but still I feel that somewhere , somehow I'm just approaching things the wrong way . I sit there stumped and then finally just look at sample code from Apple and I go Wow ! This is so logical and well structured ! . But just reading it is not going to get me to that level . So I would like to know , how do you guys approach learning something new . Do you read the whole documentation first , or do you read sample code or maybe its just about making lots of small programs first ?

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• How can I implement a Epub Reader in Javascript

  - by Vlad Nicula

  I'm wondering if I can create a epub reader in javascript. The basic requirements would be: 1) Server parts of the epub reader from a server API. 2) Read the EPUB data in javascript. 3) Render it on page. 4) Provide some extra functionality, like text highlights or page notes. I have no information about how I could do this. I'm willing to try a prototype project. What are the steps that I could take towards implementing such a thing?

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• How do you keep from running into the same problems over and over?

  - by Stephen Furlani

  I keep running into the same problems. The problem is irrelevant, but the fact that I keep running into is completely frustrating. The problem only happens once every, 3-6 months or so as I stub out a new iteration of the project. I keep a journal every time, but I spend at least a day or two each iteration trying to get the issue resolved. How do you guys keep from making the same mistakes over and over? I've tried a journal but it apparently doesn't work for me. [Edit] A few more details about the issue: Each time I make a new project to hold the files, I import a particular library. The library is a C++ library which imports glew.h and glx.h GLX redefines BOOL and that's not kosher since BOOL is a keyword for ObjC. I had a fix the last time I went through this. I #ifndef the header in the library to exclude GLEW and GLX and everything worked hunky-dory. This time, however, I do the same thing, use the same #ifndef block but now it throws a bunch of errors. I go back to the old project, and it works. New project no-worky. It seems like it does this every time, and my solution to it is new each time for some reason. I know #defines and #includes are one of the trickiest areas of C++ (and cross-language with Objective-C), but I had this working and now it's not.

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• Video documentary on the open source culture ?

  - by explorest

  Hello, I'm looking for some videos on these subjects: A movie/documentary detailing the origin, history, and current state of open source culture A movie/documentary on how open source software actually gets developed. What are the technical workflows. How do people create projects, recruit contributors, build a community, assign roles, track issues, assimilate new comers ... etc etc. Could someone suggest a title?

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• What do you think was a poor design choice in Java

  - by Phobia

  Java has been one of the most (the most?) popular programming languages till this day, but this also brought controversy as well. A lot of people now like to bash Java simply because "it's slow", or simply because it's not language X, for example. My question isn't related to any of these arguments at all, I simply want to know what you consider a design flaw, or a poor design choice in Java, and how it might be improved from your point of view. Something like this.

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• How to 'reproduce copyright` in an app?

  - by ohho

  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. The above is quoted from a BSD licensed COPYING file. How can I "reproduce the above copyright" when I distribute my app in binary form? Should I put the COPYING file content in some Credit/About screen of my app or what? Thanks!

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• Is it more valuable to double major in Computer Science/Software Engineering or get an undergraduate CS degree with a Masters in SE?

  - by Austin Hyde

  A friend and I (both in college) are currently in a debate over which is better, in terms of employment opportunities, experience, and education: a Bachelors degree in both Computer Science and Software Engineering, or a Bachelors in Computer Science with a Masters in Software Engineering. My point of view is that I would rather go to school for 4-4.5 years to learn both sides of the field, and be out working on real projects gaining real experience, by going the double major route. His point of view is that it would look better to potential employers if he had a Bachelors in CS and Masters in SE. That way, when he's finally done after 4 years of CS and 2-4 of SE (depending on where he goes), he can pretty much have his choosing of what he wants to do. We are both in agreement on the distinction between the two degrees: CS is "traditional" and about the theory of algorithms, data structures, and programming, where SE is the study of the design of software and the implementation of CS theory. So, what's your stance on this debate? Have you gone one route or another? And most importantly, why?

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• How best to implement HTML5 support for my validation library

  - by Vivin Paliath

  I have created an annotation-based validation library called regula. There seems to be some amount of interest around the framework and the next thing I'd like to do is to support HTML5 validation. Originally I figured that I would check to see if the browser supported the HTML5 validation that has been specified and to either emulate or delegate to built-in regula equivalents. This is trivial for things like required, but once you start getting into the date-validation, it gets tricky (date widgets, localization, etc.). So I have a few options in front of me: Full HTML5 Shim along with widgets (for date stuff etc.): I feel like this is overkill and essentially reinventing the wheel since this is already covered by things like modernizr. Use HTML5 validation if available (either native, or provided by shim; otherwise ignore): What this means is that if HTML5 validation is available (natively or through a shim) I will use it, otherwise I will ignore it. I'm leaning towards the latter since currently if someone wants to use HTML5 validation, they will most probably require a shim since not all browsers support HTML5. Which option do you think is better?

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• Is unit testing development or testing?

  - by Rubio

  I had a discussion with a testing manager about the role of unit and integration testing. She requested that developers report what they have unit and integration tested and how. My perspective is that unit and integration testing are part of the development process, not the testing process. Beyond semantics what I mean is that unit and integration tests should not be included in the testing reports and systems testers should not be concerned about them. My reasoning is based on two things. Unit and integration tests are planned and performed against an interface and a contract, always. Regardless of whether you use formalized contracts you still test what e.g. a method is supposed to do, i.e. a contract. In integration testing you test the interface between two distinct modules. The interface and the contract determine when the test passes. But you always test a limited part of the whole system. Systems testing on the other hand is planned and performed against the system specifications. The spec determines when the test passes. I don't see any value in communicating the breadth and depth of unit and integration tests to the (systems) tester. Suppose I write a report that lists what kind of unit tests are performed on a particular business layer class. What is he/she supposed to take away from that? Judging what should and shouldn't be tested from that is a false conclusion because the system may still not function the way the specs require even though all unit and integration tests pass. This might seem like useless academic discussion but if you work in a strictly formal environment as I do, it's actually important in determining how we do things. Anyway, am I totally wrong? (Sorry for the long post.)

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• How do I speed up XML parsing operation?

  - by absentx

  I currently have a php script set up to do some xml parsing. Sometimes the script is set as an on page include and other times it is accessed via an ajax call. The problem is the load time for this particular page is very long. I started to think that the php I had written to find what I need in the XML was written poorly and my script is very resource intense. After much research and testing the problem is indeed not my scripting (well perhaps you could consider it a problem with my scripting), but it looks like it takes a long time to load the particular xml sources. My code is like such: $source_recent = 'my xml feed'; $source_additional = 'the other feed I need'; $xmlstr_recent = file_get_contents($source_recent); $feed_recent = new SimpleXMLElement($xmlstr_recent); $xmlstr_additional = file_get_contents($source_additional); $feed_additional = new SimpleXMLElement($xmlstr_additional); In all my testing, the above code is what takes the time, not the additional processing I do below. Is there anyway around this or am I at the mercy of the load time of the xml URL's? One crazy thought I had to get around it is to load the xml contents into a db every so often, then just query the db for what I need. Thoughts? Ideas?

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• Tomorrow's web development: What's the bearing?

  - by pex

  I just read a wonderful article about headaches web developers have to live with nowadays. Several questions from that article busied me for some time as well. Now I am wondering whether I missed something, whether there are approaches other than Sproutcore or Cappucino to combine the eternal detached worlds of backend and frontend. How to only write validations once? How to collect business logic in only one model? Are we heading toward a combination of CouchDB Views, NodeJS and minimalistic client-side scripts including plenty of XHR requests? Or shall we follow the direction of handling everything except the database on client side? Is everything about JavaScript? I simply ask for approaches of setting up the next web application, for best practices and promising new technologies and frameworks.

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• Empirical evidence for choice of programming paradigm to address a problem

  - by Graham Lee

  The C2 wiki has a discussion of Empirical Evidence for Object-Oriented Programming that basically concludes there is none beyond appeal to authority. This was last edited in 2008. Discussion here seems to bear this out: questions on whether OO is outdated, when functional programming is a bad choice and the advantages and disadvantages of AOP are all answered with contributors' opinions without reliance on evidence. Of course, opinions of established and reputed practitioners are welcome and valuable things to have, but they're more plausible when they're consistent with experimental data. Does this evidence exist? Is evidence-based software engineering a thing? Specifically, if I have a particular problem P that I want to solve by writing software, does there exist a body of knowledge, studies and research that would let me see how the outcome of solving problems like P has depended on the choice of programming paradigm? I know that which paradigm comes out as "the right answer" can depend on what metrics a particular study pays attention to, on what conditions the study holds constant or varies, and doubtless on other factors too. That doesn't affect my desire to find this information and critically appraise it. It becomes clear that some people think I'm looking for a "turn the crank" solution - some sausage machine into which I put information about my problem and out of which comes a word like "functional" or "structured". This is not my intention. What I'm looking for is research into how - with a lot of caveats and assumptions that I'm not going into here but good literature on the matter would - certain properties of software vary depending on the problem and the choice of paradigm. In other words: some people say "OO gives better flexibility" or "functional programs have fewer bugs" - (part of) what I'm asking for is the evidence of this. The rest is asking for evidence against this, or the assumptions under which these statements are true, or evidence showing that these considerations aren't important. There are plenty of opinions on why one paradigm is better than another; is there anything objective behind any of these?

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• Simplified knapsack in PHP

  - by Mikhail

  I have two instances where I'd like to display information in a "justified" alignment - but I don't care if the values are switched in order. One example being displaying the usernames of people online: Anton Brother68 Commissar Dougheater Elflord Foobar Goop Hoo Iee Joo Rearranging them we could get exactly 22 characters long on each line: Anton Brother68 Foobar Commissar Elflord Goop Dougheater Hoo Iee Joo This is kind of a knapsack, except seems like there ought to be a P solution since I don't care about perfection, and I have multiple lines. Second instance is identical, except instead of names and character count I would be displaying random images and use their width.

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• UML Class diagrams with Java packages?

  - by loosebruce

  I am trying to model in UML 2.0 a Java servlet application that has three classes Servlet class; essentially a main class that acts as the controller DatabaseLogic; contains methods for database operations XMLBuilder; builds an XML from a query result string The classes use a variety of packages from the Java library. I am unsure how to model this in UML Do I have to create a package and show which libraries are used for each individual class or can I just have one large package in the diagram with all the libraries showing which classes have dependencies on which. As per this diagram This is my first time working with java properly (im a C++ guy) Apart from being a bit messy , is this a correct UML representation of the system I described? Does a Package in UML mean the same as a Package in Java?

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• How to make the transition to functional programming?

  - by tahatmat

  Lately, I have been very intrigued with F# which I have been working a bit with. Coming mostly from Java and C#, I like how concise and easily understandable it is. However, I believe that my background with these imperative languages disturb my way of thinking when programming in F#. I found a comparison of the imperative and functional approach, and I surely do recognize the "imperative way" of programming, but I also find it difficult to define problems to fit well with the functional approach. So my question is: How do I best make the transition from object-oriented programming to functional programming? Can you provide some tips or perhaps provide some literature that can help one to think "in functions" in general?

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• Working as Test Engineer and looking to move into Identity Management Technology. Possible?

  - by Aditi Bhatnagar

  I have been working as Test Engineer for past 2.5 year. The project is related to Identity Management and I am in love with the technology. I want to move into the same field. I don't aim to be a hard core coder but rather an analyst or an IDM architect. Is it realistically possible to do so? I see some possible issues, since the field is fairly new in India and for the time being I don't have coding/deployment experience at all. If it is nonetheless possible to switch into this new technology, what kind of effort I have to put in? What are the possible steps that you can suggest to try this switch?

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• Should we write detailed architecture design or just an outline when designing a program?

  - by EpsilonVector

  When I'm doing design for a task, I keep fighting this nagging feeling that aside from being a general outline it's going to be more or less ignored in the end. I'll give you an example: I was writing a frontend for a device that has read/write operations. It made perfect sense in the class diagram to give it a read and a write function. Yet when it came down to actually writing them I realized they were literally the same function with just one line of code changed (read vs write function call), so to avoid code duplication I ended up implementing a do_io function with a parameter that distinguishes between operations. Goodbye original design. This is not a terribly disruptive change, but it happens often and can happen in more critical parts of the program as well, so I can't help but wondering if there's a point to design more detail than a general outline, at least when it comes to the program's architecture (obviously when you are specifying an API you have to spell everything out). This might be just the result of my inexperience in doing design, but on the other hand we have agile methodologies which sort of say "we give up on planning far ahead, everything is going to change in a few days anyway", which is often how I feel. So, how exactly should I "use" design?

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• Strengthening code with possibly useless exception handling

  - by rdurand

  Is it a good practice to implement useless exception handling, just in case another part of the code is not coded correctly? Basic example A simple one, so I don't loose everybody :). Let's say I'm writing an app that will display a person's information (name, address, etc.), the data being extracted from a database. Let's say I'm the one coding the UI part, and someone else is writing the DB query code. Now imagine that the specifications of your app say that if the person's information is incomplete (let's say, the name is missing in the database), the person coding the query should handle this by returning "NA" for the missing field. What if the query is poorly coded and doesn't handle this case? What if the guy who wrote the query handles you an incomplete result, and when you try to display the informations, everything crashes, because your code isn't prepared to display empty stuff? This example is very basic. I believe most of you will say "it's not your problem, you're not responsible for this crash". But, it's still your part of the code which is crashing. Another example Let's say now I'm the one writing the query. The specifications don't say the same as above, but that the guy writing the "insert" query should make sure all the fields are complete when adding a person to the database to avoid inserting incomplete information. Should I protect my "select" query to make sure I give the UI guy complete informations? The questions What if the specifications don't explicitly say "this guy is the one in charge of handling this situation"? What if a third person implements another query (similar to the first one, but on another DB) and uses your UI code to display it, but doesn't handle this case in his code? Should I do what's necessary to prevent a possible crash, even if I'm not the one supposed to handle the bad case? I'm not looking for an answer like "(s)he's the one responsible for the crash", as I'm not solving a conflict here, I'd like to know, should I protect my code against situations it's not my responsibility to handle? Here, a simple "if empty do something" would suffice. In general, this question tackles redundant exception handling. I'm asking it because when I work alone on a project, I may code 2-3 times a similar exception handling in successive functions, "just in case" I did something wrong and let a bad case come through.

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• Which open source PHP project has the 'perfect' OOP design I can learn from?

  - by aditya menon

  I am a newbie to OOP, and I learn best by example. You could say this question is similar to Which Scala open source projects should I study to learn best coding practices - but in PHP. I have heard-tell that Symfony has the best 'architecture' (I will not pretend I know what that exactly means), as well as Doctrine ORM. Is it worth it to spend many months reading the source code of these projects, trying to deduce the patterns used and learning new tricks? I have seen equal number of web pages dissing and liking Zend's codebase (will provide links if deemed necessary). Do you know of any other project that would make any veteran OOP developer shed tears of joy? Please let me add that practicality and scope of use is not a concern at all here - I just want to do: Pick a project that has a codebase deemed awesome by devs way better and greater than me. Write code that achieves what the project does. Compare results and try to learn what I don't know. Basically, an academic interest codebase. Any recommendations please?

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• How can I find the shortest path between two subgraphs of a larger graph?

  - by Pops

  I'm working with a weighted, undirected multigraph (loops not permitted; most node connections have multiplicity 1; a few node connections have multiplicity 2). I need to find the shortest path between two subgraphs of this graph that do not overlap with each other. There are no other restrictions on which nodes should be used as start/end points. Edges can be selectively removed from the graph at certain times (as explained in my previous question) so it's possible that for two given subgraphs, there might not be any way to connect them. I'm pretty sure I've heard of an algorithm for this before, but I can't remember what it's called, and my Google searches for strings like "shortest path between subgraphs" haven't helped. Can someone suggest a more efficient way to do this than comparing shortest paths between all nodes in one subgraph with all nodes in the other subgraph? Or at least tell me the name of the algorithm so I can look it up myself? For example, if I have the graph below, the nodes circled in red might be one subgraph and the nodes circled in blue might be another. The edges would all have positive integer weights, although they're not shown in the image. I'd want to find whatever path has the shortest total cost as long as it starts at a red node and ends at a blue node. I believe this means the specific node positions and edge weights cannot be ignored. (This is just an example graph I grabbed off Wikimedia and drew on, not my actual problem.)

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• Design Patterns: Should I learn them?

  - by prelic

  So it's kinda weird asking two questions back-to-back, but they aren't very related and I didn't want to combine them, but I'm not spamming questions, I promise! Anyway, I'm a recent college grad, and my education only touched on design patterns...we implemented a few simple ones, touched on the fact that there were more complicated ones, and were instructed to turn to the GoF book if we wanted to learn more. My question is, is it worth learning the patterns in the GoF book? To me, it's always seemed counter-intuitive to try and make a problem fit a classic pattern, but obviously the book, and the patterns, are famous for a reason. Do they show up enough that I should be learning them? Thanks again!

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• Best practice for marking a bug as resolved in Bugzilla ?

  - by Vincent B.

  I am wondering what is the best way to handle the situation of marking a bug as resolved and providing a version of component/product in which this fix can be found. Context For a project I am working on, we are using Bugzilla for issue tracking, and we have the following: A product "A" with a version number like vA.B.C.D, This product "A" have the following components: Component "C1" with a version number like vA.B.C.D, Component "C2" with a version number like vA.B.C.D, Component "C3" with a version number like vA.B.C.D. Internally we keep track of which component versions have been used to generate the product A version vA.B.C.D. Example: Product "A" version v1.0.0.0 has been produced from component "C1" v1.0.0.3, component "C2" v1.3.0.0 and component "C3" v2.1.3.5. And Product "A" version v1.0.1.0 has been produced from component "C1" v1.0.0.4, component "C2" v1.3.0.0 and component "C3" v2.1.3.5. Each component is a SVN repository. The person in charge of generating the product "A" have only access to the different components tags folder in SVN, and not the trunk of each component repository. Problem Now the problem is the following, when a bug is found in the product "A", and that the bug is related to Component "C1", the version of product "A" is chosen (e.g. v1.0.0.0), and this version allow the developer to know which version of component "C1" has the bug (here it will be v1.0.0.3). A bug report is created. Now let's say that the developer responsible for component "C1" corrects the bug, then when the bug seems to be fixed and after some test and validation, the developer generates a new tag for component "C1", with the version v1.0.0.4. At this time, the developer of component "C1" needs to update the bug report, but what is the best to do: Mark the bug as resolved/fixed and add a comment saying "This bug has been fixed in the tags v1.0.0.4 of C1 component" ? Keep the bug as assigned, add a comment saying "This bug has been fixed in the tags v1.0.0.4 of C1 component, update this bug status to resolved for the next version of the product that will be generated with the newest version (v1.0.0.4 of C1)" ? Another possible way to deal with this problem. Right now the problem is that when a product component CX is fixed, it is not sure in which future version of the product A it will be included, so it is for me not possible to say in which version of the product it will be solved, but it is possible to say in which version of the Component CX it has been solved. So when do we need to mark a bug as solved, when the product A version include the fixed version of CX, or only when CX component has been fixed ? Thanks for your personal feedback and ideas about this !

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