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  • Should interfaces extend (and in doing so inherit methods of) other interfaces

    - by dreza
    Although this is a general question it is also specific to a problem I am currently experiencing. I currently have an interface specified in my solution called public interface IContextProvider { IDataContext { get; set; } IAreaContext { get; set; } } This interface is often used throughout the program and hence I have easy access to the objects I need. However at a fairly low level of a part of my program I need access to another class that will use IAreaContext and perform some operations off it. So I have created another factory interface to do this creation called: public interface IEventContextFactory { IEventContext CreateEventContext(int eventId); } I have a class that implements the IContextProvider and is injected using NinJect. The problem I have is that the area where I need to use this IEventContextFactory has access to the IContextProvider only and itself uses another class which will need this new interface. I don't want to have to instantiate this implementation of IEventContextFactory at the low level and would rather work with the IEventContextFactory interface throughout. However I also don't want to have to inject another parameter through the constructors just to have it passed through to the class that needs it i.e. // example of problem public class MyClass { public MyClass(IContextProvider context, IEventContextFactory event) { _context = context; _event = event; } public void DoSomething() { // the only place _event is used in the class is to pass it through var myClass = new MyChildClass(_event); myClass.PerformCalculation(); } } So my main question is, would this be acceptable or is it even common or good practice to do something like this (interface extend another an interface): public interface IContextProvider : IEventContextFactory or should I consider better alternatives to achieving what I need. If I have not provided enough information to give suggestions let me know and I can provide more.

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  • How do I limit the game loop?

    - by user1758938
    How do I make a game update at a consistent speed? For example, this would loop too fast: while(true) { GetInput(); Render(); } This just wont work (hard to explain): while(true) { GetInput(); Render(); Sleep(16); } How do I sync my game to a certain framerate and still have input and functions going at a consistent rate?

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  • Large invoice database structure and rendering

    - by user132624
    Our client has a MS SQL database that has 1 million customer invoice records in it. Using the database, our client wants its customers to be able to log into a frontend web site and then be able to view, modify and download their company’s invoices. Given the size of the database and the large number of customers who may log into the web site at any time, we are concerned about data base engine performance and web page invoice rendering performance. The 1 million invoice database is for just 90 days sales, so we will remove invoices over 90 days old from the database. Most of the invoices have multiple line items. We can easily convert our invoices into various data formats so for example it is easy for us to convert to and from SQL to XML with related schema and XSLT. Any data conversion would be done on another server so as not to burden the web interface server. We have tentatively decided to run the web site on a .NET Framework IIS web server using MS SQL on MS Azure. How would you suggest we structure our database for best performance? For example, should we put all the invoices of all customers located within the same 5 digit or 6 digit zip codes into the same table? Or could we set up a separate home directory for each customer on IIS and place each customer’s invoices in each customer’s home directory in XML format? And secondly what would you suggest would be the best method to render customer invoices on a web page and allow customers to modify for best performance? The ADO.net XML Data Set looks intriguing to us as a method, but we have never used it.

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  • What would a start-to-finish development procedure would look like?

    - by Tom Busby
    I have a problem that my developer friends share. We recently left university and find ourselves either end up working for a firm which already has good procedures (TDD, automated testing, proper agile development, etc) or working for a firm which doesn't. I want to learn some of these vital skills and get a grip on what a complete start-to-finish development procedure would look like. What differences would be between a smaller project, and a long term project with many team members.

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  • Real-Time Strategy Gameplay

    - by Ahmad Alkhawaja
    I am working on building a HTML5 RTS game, and my current state is that I am building the Campaign mode of the game, and want to define the gameplay (The Scoring, Unit Behaviors/Attributes). I am searching for links/articles/books about how to define the gameplay, for me this: The scoring Figuring out levels of control (in any RTS game, there is units, individuals and squads) Unit action/attributes/properties point timing (how long it will take to play?) Achievements ..etc I want to see how they usually define these areas in RTS games, I expect to see general document discussing this concept that I can use to build the gameplay. Any idea? Is my question clear or I need to provide more details?

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  • What happened to Alan Cooper's Unified File Model?

    - by PAUL Mansour
    For a long time Alan Cooper (in the 3 versions of his book "About Face") has been promoting a "unified file model" to, among other things, dispense with what he calls the most idiotic message box ever invented - the one the pops up when hit the close button on an app or form saying "Do you want to discard your changes?" I like the idea and his arguments, but also have the knee-jerk reaction against it that most seasoned programmers and users have. While Cooper's book seems quite popular and respected, there is remarkably little discussion of this particular issue on the Web that I can find. Petter Hesselberg, the author of "Programming Industrial Strength Windows" mentions it but that seems about it. I have an opportunity to implement this in the (desktop) project I am working on, but face resistance by customers and co-workers, who are of course familiar with the MS Word and Excel way of doing things. I'm in a position to override their objections, but am not sure if I should. My questions are: Are there any good discussions of this that I have failed to find? Is anyone doing this in their apps? Is it a good idea that it is unfortunately not practical to implement until, say, Microsoft does it?

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  • Can I use a genetic algorithm for balancing character builds?

    - by Renan Malke Stigliani
    I'm starting to build a online PVP (duel like, one-on-one) game, where there is leveling, skill points, special attacks and all the common stuff. Since I have never done anything like this, I'm still thinking about the math behind the levels/skills/specials balance. So I thought a good way of testing the best builds/combos, would be to implement a Genetic Algorithm. It'd be like this: Generate a big group of random characters Make them fight, level them up accordingly to their victories(more XP)/losses(less XP) Mate the winners, crossing their builds, to try and make even better characters Add some more random chars, emulating new players Repeat the process for some time, or util I find some chars who can beat everyone's butt I could then play with the math and try to find better balances to make sure that the top x% of chars would be a mix of various build types. So, is it a good idea, or is there some other, easier method to do the balancing?

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  • Are CQRS/DDD/Event Sourcing and REST compatible?

    - by Robin Green
    REST seems to promote the idea of a canonical URL for a resource, and PUTing/POSTing back a modified representation of that resource in order to change it. However, with CQRS - Command Query Responsibility Segregation - one can theoretically have a completely different "API" for reading and for writing, which seems to conflict with the REST ideal of one URL for a resource, and no RPC-style "verbs inside the request body". DDD and Event Sourcing sometimes go together with CQRS, which is why I mention them in this question. So, can CQRS be used together with REST? Or is it against the REST way of doing things? What about DDD? And Event Sourcing? Can they be used with REST?

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  • Integrating BizTalk Server and StreamInsight paper

    - by gsusx
    With all the holidays madness I didn't realized that my "Integrating BizTalk Server and StreamInsight" paper is now available on MSDN . This paper was originally an idea of the BizTalk product team and intends to present some fundamental scenarios that can be enabled by the combination of BizTalk Server and StreamInsight. Thanks to everybody who, directly or indirectly, provided feedback about this paper: Syed Rasheed, Mark Simms , Richard Seroter , Roman Schindlauer and Torsten Grabs from the StreamInsight...(read more)

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  • How does 2D Game Physics work? [closed]

    - by StefanE
    Possible Duplicate: How do I build a 2D physics engine? If we take the game Angry Birds that had big success lately I were thinking how do they implement the physics in a game like that? Your are shooting of your birds and they hit something that will fall off and in turn creating a chain reaction of things either falling or exploding.. Are all this happening with calculations with rules considering all collisions together with gravity etc.?

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  • Central Exception Handler

    - by J-unior
    Recently I've been thinking about a general ExceptionHandler, that I could initialize once in my app context and inject it everywhere. The idea that it will have quite simple interface with just public void handle(Exception ex), and then according to exception type it should decide what to do, maybe just log it, or show an alert message to the user, or maybe kill the whole app. The question is, what is the prettiest way to write such handler without lots of instanceofs? Unfortunately googling gives me only the default exception handler for RuntimeException that was introduced in Java 5. My first idea is to create an enum, that will have Class field for exception type and it will return the appropriate execution point, for example a concrete exception handler that also implements the interface public void handle(Exception ex), but with the required casting already.

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  • handling various frame layouts in android

    - by vaibhav
    i'm new to game development and am trying create a Contra or the old tmnt game (but a simple one) like game for android. for the game i decided to divide my main screen in three parts - upper for stats,mid for the game and lower for controls. my main.xml is <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:orientation="vertical" > <FrameLayout android:id="@+id/upper_bar" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:layout_weight="1" > </FrameLayout> <FrameLayout android:id="@+id/fl" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:layout_weight="0.5" > </FrameLayout> <FrameLayout android:id="@+id/low_bar" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:layout_weight="0.85" > </FrameLayout> </LinearLayout> so i have created the gameview and gameloopthread classes for the mid surface(which is pretty standard). my problem is that how do i draw in the upper and lower frame layouts? should i make new classes for view and thread for each layout , should i do all this in the gameview class itself or is there any better way to implement this?

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  • In retrospect, has it been a good idea to use three-valued logic for SQL NULL comparisons?

    - by Heinzi
    In SQL, NULL means "unknown value". Thus, every comparison with NULL yields NULL (unknown) rather than TRUE or FALSE. From a conceptional point of view, this three-valued logic makes sense. From a practical point of view, every learner of SQL has, one time or another, made the classic WHERE myField = NULL mistake or learned the hard way that NOT IN does not do what one would expect when NULL values are present. It is my impression (please correct me if I am wrong) that the cases where this three-valued logic helps (e.g. WHERE myField IS NOT NULL AND myField <> 2 can be shortened to WHERE myField <> 2) are rare and, in those cases, people tend to use the longer version anyway for clarity, just like you would add a comment when using a clever, non-obvious hack. Is there some obvious advantage that I am missing? Or is there a general consensus among the development community that this has been a mistake?

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  • Creating a dynamically updateable website using Adobe Flash CS6 [closed]

    - by Sidd
    I need some help finding the appropriate tutorials for what I need. I have tried looking hard with no avail. I have Adobe Flash CS6, and I want to make a website using that software. I want the content to be uploaded onto a server so that the flash program can just fetch the information from the server and dynamically update the website itself, instead of editing the content on the flash website and reuploading the whole flash file (as I have done before). I also want the ability to have a guestbook and a contact form. Also, if possible, I wanted an ability to add tabs to the navigation bar dynamically instead of having to edit the flash file. Can anyone point be to a good tutorial which can help me with this? I have tried looking, and most of the results I get are completely useless to me.

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  • storing map template in database

    - by Timigen
    I am working on an application that displays choropleth maps. These maps are of all different types, some display state by county, country by state/province, or world by country. How should I handle storing the map information in the database? My Thoughts: I won't need to do queries to find POI inside a region, so I don't think there is a need to use spatial datatypes. I am considering storing a map as a geoJSON object (I am using JS mapping library that accepts geoJSON). The only issue is what if I want a map of the US northeast. Then I would have geoJSON for the US and a separate one for the US northeast, which would be redundant. Would it make sense to have a shape database where I had each state then when I needed a map of the US I could query for each state, and when I needed a map of the US Northeast I could again query for what I need? Note: I am not concerned with storing the data for each region, just the region itself. I will query for the data on the fly for the specific region.

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  • Tellago Devlabs: A RESTful API for BizTalk Server Business Rules

    - by gsusx
    Tellago DevLabs keeps growing as the primary example of our commitment to open source! Today, we are very happy to announce the availability of the BizTalk Business Rules Data Service API which extends our existing BizTalk Data Services solution with an OData API for the BizTalk Server Business Rules engine. Tellago’s Vishal Mody led the implementation of this version of the API with some input from other members of our technical staff. The motivation The fundamental motivation behind the BRE Data...(read more)

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  • Why is Python slower than Java but faster than PHP

    - by good_computer
    I have many times seen various benchmarks that show how a bunch of languages perform on a given task. Always these benchmarks reveal that Python is slower then Java and faster than PHP. And I wonder why is that the case. Java, Python, and PHP run inside a virtual machine All three languages convert their programs into their custom byte codes that run on top of OS -- so none is running natively Both Java and Python can be "complied" (.pyc for Python) but the __main__ module for Python is not compiled Python and PHP are dynamically typed and Java statically -- is this the reason Java is faster, and if so, please explain how that affects speed. And, even if the dynamic-vs-static argument is correct, this does not explain why PHP is slower than Python -- because both are dynamic languages. You can see some benchmarks here and here, and here

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  • Graphics module: Am I going the right way?

    - by Paul
    I'm trying to write the graphics module of my engine. That is, this part of the code only provides an interface through which to load images, fonts, etc and draw them on the screen. It is also a wrapper for the library I'm using (SDL in this case). Here are the interfaces for my Image, Font and GraphicsRenderer classes. Please tell me if I'm going the right way. Image class Image { public: Image(); Image(const Image& other); Image(const char* file); ~Image(); bool load(const char* file); void free(); bool isLoaded() const; Image& operator=(const Image& other); private: friend class GraphicsRenderer; void* data_; }; Font class Font { public: Font(); Font(const Font& other); Font(const char* file, int ptsize); ~Font(); void load(const char* file, int ptsize); void free(); bool isLoaded() const; Font& operator=(const Font& other); private: friend class GraphicsRenderer; void* data_; }; GrapphicsRenderer class GraphicsRenderer { public: static GraphicsRenderer* Instance(); void blitImage(const Image& img, int x, int y); void blitText(const char* string, const Font& font, int x, int y); void render(); protected: GraphicsRenderer(); GraphicsRenderer(const GraphicsRenderer& other); GraphicsRenderer& operator=(const GraphicsRenderer& other); ~GraphicsRenderer(); private: void* screen_; bool initialize(); void finalize(); };

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  • Predicting advantages of database denormalization

    - by Janus Troelsen
    I was always taught to strive for the highest Normal Form of database normalization, and we were taught Bernstein's Synthesis algorithm to achieve 3NF. This is all very well and it feels nice to normalize your database, knowing that fields can be modified while retaining consistency. However, performance may suffer. That's why I am wondering whether there is any way to predict the speedup/slowdown when denormalizing. That way, you can build your list of FD's featuring 3NF and then denormalize as little as possible. I imagine that denormalizing too much would waste space and time, because e.g. giant blobs are duplicated or it because harder to maintain consistency because you have to update multiple fields using a transaction. Summary: Given a 3NF FD set, and a set of queries, how do I predict the speedup/slowdown of denormalization? Link to papers appreciated too.

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  • Are Get-Set methods a violation of Encapsulation?

    - by Dipan Mehta
    In an Object oriented framework, one believes there must be strict encapsulation. Hence, internal variables are not to be exposed to outside applications. But in many codebases, we see tons of get/set methods which essentially open a formal window to modify internal variables that were originally intended to be strictly prohibited. Isn't it a clear violation of encapsulation? How broadly such a practice is seen and what to do about it? EDIT: I have seen some discussions where there are two opinions in extreme: on one hand people believe that because get/set interface is used to modify any parameter, it does qualifies not be violating encapsulation. On the other hand, there are people who believe it is does violate. Here is my point. Take a case of UDP server, with methods - get_URL(), set_URL(). The URL (to listen to) property is quite a parameter that application needs to be supplied and modified. However, in the same case, if the property like get_byte_buffer_length() and set_byte_buffer_length(), clearly points to values which are quite internal. Won't it imply that it does violate the encapsulation? In fact, even get_byte_buffer_length() which otherwise doesn't modify the object, still misses the point of encapsulation, because, certainly there is an App which knows i have an internal buffer! Tomorrow, if the internal buffer is replaced by something like a *packet_list* the method goes dysfunctional. Is there a universal yes/no towards get set method? Is there any strong guideline that tell programmers (specially the junior ones) as to when does it violate encapsulation and when does it not?

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  • What should be contained in a game scene graph?

    - by Bunkai.Satori
    Would you help me to clarify, please, what what exactly should be contained within a game scene graph? See the following list, please: Game Actors? (obviously yes, all the objects changing state should be the major prart of the Scene Graph) Simple static game ojbects? (I mean ojects places in the background that do not get animated, neither do they collide) Game Triggers? Game Lights? Game Cameras? Weapon Bullets? Game Explosions and Special Effects? The above considered object types. Now to the coverage of the scene graph: Should a scene graph contain the whole game level map since the level start, or should it contain only the visible portion of the map? If the second is true, it would mean that scene graph would be continuously updated, by adding/removing game objects, as the player moves. However, containing only the visible are of the map obviously would be much faster to traverse and update.

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  • Why is TDD not working here?

    - by TobiMcNamobi
    I want to write a class A that has a method calculate(<params>). That method should calculate a value using database data. So I wrote a class Test_A for unit testing (TDD). The database access is done using another class which I have mocked with a class, let's call it Accessor_Mockup. Now, the TDD cycle requires me to add a test that fails and make the simplest changes to A so that the test passes. So I add data to Accessor_Mockup and call A.calculate with appropriate parameters. But why should A use the accessor class at all? It would be simpler (!) if the class just "knows" the values it could retrieve from the database. For every test I write I could introduce such a new value (or an if-branch or whatever). But wait ... TDD is more. There is the refactoring part. But that sounds to me like "OK, I can do this all with a big if-elseif construct. I could refactor it using a new class ... but instead I make use of the DB accessor and do this in a totally different way. The code will not necessarily look better afterwards but I know I WANT to use the database".

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  • Is data integrity possible without normalization?

    - by shuniar
    I am working on an application that requires the storage of location information such as city, state, zip code, latitude, and longitude. I would like to ensure: Location data is accurate Detroit, CA Detroit IS NOT in California Detroit, MI Detroit IS in Michigan Cities and states are spelled correctly California not Calefornia Detroit not Detriot Cities and states are named consistently Valid: CA Detroit Invalid: Cali california DET d-town The D Also, since city/zip data is not guaranteed to be static, updating this data in a normalized fashion could be difficult, whereas it could be implemented as a de facto location if it is denormalized. A couple thoughts that come to mind: A collection of reference tables that store a list of all states and the most common cities and zip codes that can grow over time. It would search the database for an exact or similar match and recommend corrections. Use some sort of service to validate the location data before it is stored in the database. Is it possible to fulfill these requirements without normalization, and if so, should I denormalize this data?

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  • What is the best practice to move sprites using mouse order in Tile games?

    - by Robin-Hood
    I am trying to make my first Tile-game using XNA. I have no problem drawing the map layers using TiledLib from codeplex, but, now I want to give sprite an (order) to move to a specific position on map, by selecting the sprite (left mouse click) and then right mouse click somewhere on the map to specify the target position. I don’t know what is the best practice to move sprite this way, considering that there may be collision objects in the direct path. what is the best practice to do this? Is there any demo covering this issue? thanks. BTW: I couldn’t upload snapshot because of my low score :(

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