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• BackupExec 12 + RALUS - VERY slow backups

  - by LVDave

  We use Backup Exec 12 and the Remote Agent for Linux/Unix Servers (RALUS) to backup a large RHEL5 system. For various reasons we need to do a daily working set job. These working-set jobs run abysmally slow. The link between the target machine and the BE server is gigabit, and any other type of job runs 1-3GB/min. These working-set jobs start out at perhaps 40MB/min and over the course of the backup job slowly drops down so low that the BE job rate display in the "current jobs" goes blank.. Since we usually are only doing changed-files for one day, the job is usually small and finishes overnight and we don't worry abotu the slowness, but we had some issues with the backup server, and missed about 6 days of fairly heavy work on the Linux box, so this working-set job will be a doozy.. We have support with Symantec, and I've pestered them a lot about this, they've had me run RALUS in debug mode, sent them that log and a VXgather from the BE host and they had no fix/workaround.. To give an idea, I have the mentioned working-set job running for the last 3 1/2 hours and it's backed up just under 10MEGAbytes.... I'm posting this here to see if anybody in the "real world" has seen this/and/or has any ideas what might be causing these abysmally slow jobs, since Symantec seems to be clueless...

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• Apache fails to start after WHM easyapache update

  - by Vigrond

  Tryin to get some light shed on this issue Running CentOS I upgraded Apache using easyapache to 2.2 All was well I then used WHM to update Mysql to 5.5 This succeeded but now Apache will not start. The error log was reporting things like [Sun Apr 15 00:44:57 2012] [alert] getpwuid: couldn't determine user name from uid 4294967295, you probably need to modify the User directive [Sun Apr 15 02:27:30 2012] [notice] suEXEC mechanism enabled (wrapper: /usr/local/apache/bin/suexec) [Sun Apr 15 02:27:30 2012] [warn] pid file /usr/local/apache/logs/httpd.pid overwritten -- Unclean shutdown of previous Apache run? [Sun Apr 15 02:27:30 2012] [alert] getpwuid: couldn't determine user name from uid 4294967295, you probably need to modify the User directive [Sun Apr 15 02:27:30 2012] [alert] getpwuid: couldn't determine user name from uid 4294967295, you probably need to modify the User directive [Sun Apr 15 02:27:30 2012] [alert] getpwuid: couldn't determine user name from uid 4294967295, you probably need to modify the User directive [Sun Apr 15 02:27:30 2012] [alert] getpwuid: couldn't determine user name from uid 4294967295, you probably need to modify the User directive [Sun Apr 15 02:27:30 2012] [alert] getpwuid: couldn't determine user name from uid 4294967295, you probably need to modify the User directive [Sun Apr 15 02:27:30 2012] [notice] Apache/2.2.22 (Unix) mod_ssl/2.2.22 OpenSSL/0.9.8e-fips-rhel5 mod_auth_passthrough/2.1 mod_bwlimited/1.4 FrontPage/5.0.2.2635 configured -- resuming normal operations [Sun Apr 15 02:27:30 2012] [alert] Child 4063 returned a Fatal error... Apache is exiting! So I tried to recompile using easyapache again, but easyapache just hangs I tried with base php settings - and it always gets stuck on "bf804000-bf819000 rw-p 7ffffffe9000 00:00 0 [stack]" At this point in cpanel the status says "create srm.conf and access.conf for mod_frontpage" I have tried things like rpm --rebuilddb yum clean all yum update with no luck. I'm kind of running out of ideas, and wondering if anyone could point me to the right direction.

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• Lessons Building KeyRef (a .NET developer learning Rails)

  - by Liam McLennan

  Just because I like to build things, and I like to learn, I have been working on a keyboard shortcut reference site. I am using this as an opportunity to improve my ruby and rails skills. The first few days were frustrating. Perhaps the learning curve of all the fun new toys was a bit excessive. Finally tonight things have really started to come together. I still don’t understand the rails built-in testing support but I will get there. Interesting Things I Learned Tonight RubyMine IDE Tonight I switched to RubyMine instead of my usual Notepad++. I suspect RubyMine is a powerful tool if you know how to use it – but I don’t. At the moment it gives me errors about some gems not being activated. This is another one of those things that I will get to. I have also noticed that the editor functions significantly differently to the editors I am used to. For example, in visual studio and notepad++ if you place the cursor at the start of a line and press left arrow the cursor is sent to the end of the previous line. In RubyMine nothing happens. Haml Haml is my favourite view engine. For my .NET work I have been using its non-union Mexican CLR equivalent – nHaml. Multiple CSS Classes To define a div with more than one css class haml lets you chain them together with a ‘.’, such as: .span-6.search_result contents of the div go here Indent Consistency I also learnt tonight that both haml and nhaml complain if you are not consistent about indenting. As a consequence of the move from notepad++ to RubyMine my haml views ended up with some tab indenting and some space indenting. For the view to render all of the indents within a view must be consistent. Sorting Arrays I guessed that ruby would be able to sort an array alphabetically by a property of the elements so my first attempt was: Application.all.sort {|app| app.name} which does not work. You have to supply a comparer (much like .NET). The correct sort is: Application.all.sort {|a,b| a.name.downcase <=> b.name.downcase} MongoMapper Find by Id Since document databases are just fancy key-value stores it is essential to be able to easily search for a document by its id. This functionality is so intrinsic that it seems that the MongoMapper author did not bother to document it. To search by id simply pass the id to the find method: Application.find(‘4c19e8facfbfb01794000002’) Rails And CoffeeScript I am a big fan of CoffeeScript so integrating it into this application is high on my priorities. My first thought was to copy Dr Nic’s strategy. Unfortunately, I did not get past step 1. Install Node.js. I am doing my development on Windows and node is unix only. I looked around for a solution but eventually had to concede defeat… for now. Quicksearch The front page of the application I am building displays a list of applications. When the user types in the search box I want to reduce the list of applications to match their search. A quick googlebing turned up quicksearch, a jquery plugin. You simply tell quicksearch where to get its input (the search textbox) and the list of items to filter (the divs containing the names of applications) and it just works. Here is the code: $('#app_search').quicksearch('.search_result'); Summary I have had a productive evening. The app now displays a list of applications, allows them to be sorted and links through to an application page when an application is selected. Next on the list is to display the set of keyboard shortcuts for an application.

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• Test A SSH Connection from Windows commandline

  - by IguanaMinstrel

  I am looking for a way to test if a SSH server is available from a Windows host. I found this one-liner, but it requires the a Unix/Linux host: ssh -q -o "BatchMode=yes" user@host "echo 2>&1" && echo "UP" || echo "DOWN" Telnet'ing to port 22 works, but that's not really scriptable. I have also played around with Plink, but I haven't found a way to get the functionality of the one-liner above. Does anyone know Plink enough to make this work? Are there any other windows based tools that would work? Please note that the SSH servers in question are behind a corporate firewall and are NOT internet accessible. Arrrg. Figured it out: C:\>plink -batch -v user@host Looking up host "host" Connecting to 10.10.10.10 port 22 We claim version: SSH-2.0-PuTTY_Release_0.62 Server version: SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_4.7p1-hpn12v17_q1.217 Using SSH protocol version 2 Server supports delayed compression; will try this later Doing Diffie-Hellman group exchange Doing Diffie-Hellman key exchange with hash SHA-256 Host key fingerprint is: ssh-rsa 1024 aa:aa:aa:aa:aa:aa:aa:aa:aa:aa:aa:aa:aa:aa:aa:aa Initialised AES-256 SDCTR client->server encryption Initialised HMAC-SHA1 client->server MAC algorithm Initialised AES-256 SDCTR server->client encryption Initialised HMAC-SHA1 server->client MAC algorithm Using username "user". Using SSPI from SECUR32.DLL Attempting GSSAPI authentication GSSAPI authentication initialised GSSAPI authentication initialised GSSAPI authentication loop finished OK Attempting keyboard-interactive authentication Disconnected: Unable to authenticate C:\>

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• Apple / Mac OS X - Is there a Package Manager like Linux

  - by Walter White

  I am a Linux/UNIX user and love the package management that comes with it. For the most part, I like Ubuntu, but just like anything else, it is the minor things that you live with daily that would be nice if they just worked. My main issue is my wacom tablet while it works, every time there is an OS update, I have to rebuild the wacom driver. The other slightly annoying issue is, my ATI video card is not fully supported. When I use the HDMI out, the sound doesn't go through it, and the screen is not entirely used. I would happily get an Apple if it had a similar package management system like Ubuntu, Gentoo, or other Linux distribution. This takes the work out of getting the latest enhancements or fixes. It also takes all the guess work out about what you need to get something to work. I just want to use my computer, not administer it. Aside from Apple applications, if I wanted to install the GIMP on an apple, would it go and fetch ufraw if I wanted support for that and whatever other dependencies GIMP has? If I want Netbeans installed, will it go and get a JDK and maven if I want that? If not, is there something in the works? I know I don't update my applications that frequently, but that is mainly because I'm not aware of the updates. The updates all happen in the background. Walter

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• (Zywall USG 300) NAT bypassed when accessing in-house-server From LAN Via domain name

  - by mschr

  My situations is like this; i host a number of websites from within our joint network solution. On the network is basically 3 categories: the known public, registered via mac, given static dhcp lease the anonymous lan connections, given lease from specific dhcp range switches, unix hosts firewall Now, consider following hosts which are of interest 111.111.111.111 (Zywall USG 300 WAN) 192.168.1.1 (ZyWall USG 300 LAN) load balances and bw monitors plus handles NAT 192.168.1.2 (Linux www) serves mydomain1.tld and mydomain2.tld 192.168.123.123 (Random LAN client) accesses mydomain1.tld from LAN 23.234.12.253 (Random External client) accesses mydomain1.tld via WAN DNS A records are setup so that both mydomain1.tld and mydomain2.tld points to 111.111.111.111 - and the Linux www serves the http parts with VirtualHost configurations, setting up the document roots pr ServerName, this is not so interesting though.. NAT rule translates 111.111.111.111:80 to 192.168.1.2:80 (1:1 NAT) Our problem follows; When accessing http://mydomain1.tld from outside (23.234.12.253 example host) the joint network - everything is fine, zywall receives requests via port 80 and maps it to the linux host' httpd. However - once trying to go through the NAT from LAN side (in-house, 192.168.123.123 example host) then one gets filtered in the Zywall port 80 firewall. I know this only because port 443 is open for administration interface and https://mydomain1.tld prompts for zywall login. So my conclusion is, that the LAN that accesses 111.111.111.111 in fact are routed to 192.168.1.1 whilst bypassing the NAT table. I need to know how to setup NAT / Policy Route, so that LAN WAN LAN will function with proper network translations instead of doing the 'quick nameserver lookup' or whatever this might be.

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• Problems with "Read Only" on a Samba share from Windows machines

  - by fistameeny

  We have a Ubuntu 10.04 Server that has a bunch of Samba shares on it that Windows workstations connect to. Each Windows workstation has a valid username/password to access the shares, which have restricted access governed by Samba. The problem we are experiencing is that Samba doesn't seem to be able to mimic the Windows way of handling "Read Only" attributes. Say I have two users, UserA and UserB, both a group called Staff - UserA creates a file that is readable/writeable by the group (ie. chmod rwxrwx---). If UserA then sets the "Read Only" flag, this changes the permissions to r-xr-x--- (i.e. no write for anyone). As UserB is in the same group as UserA, they should be able to remove the "Read Only" permission - however, they can't as Samba won't allow it. Is there a way to force Samba to allow users within the same group to remove the "Read Only" from a file not created by them? Edit: The Samba smb.conf is as follows: The share is defined in the smb.conf as: [global] log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* . obey pam restrictions = yes map to guest = bad user encrypt passwords = true passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u passdb backend = tdbsam dns proxy = no netbios name = ubsrv server string = ubsrv unix password sync = yes os level = 20 syslog = 0 usershare allow guests = yes panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d max log size = 1000 pam password change = yes workgroup = workgroup [Projects] valid users = @Staff writeable = yes user = @Staff create mode = 0777 path = /srv/samba/Projects directory mode = 0777 store dos attributes = Yes The folder itself looks like this: ls -l /srv/samba/ drwxrwxrwx 2 nobody Staff 4096 2010-11-04 10:09 Projects Thanks in advance, Matt

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• Managing per-user rc.d init scripts

  - by Steve Schnepp

  I want to delegate SysV init scripts to each user. Like the SysV init, each item in ${HOME}/rc.d starting with S will be launched on server start-up with the start argument. The same for the server shut-down with the one starting with K and with the stop argument. I thought about scripting it myself, but maybe there is already some kind of implementation out there1. In summary it would be a script in /etc/init.d/ that iterates through all the users and launches runparts as the user on the relevant scripts. The platform here is a Linux (Debian flavour), but I think the solution would be quite portable among various Unix-like platforms. Update: The point here is for users to be able to create their own init scripts that should be launch on their behalf when the system boots up. As Dan Carley pointed out, the services won't be able to access any system asset (priviledged ports, system logs, ...). 1. This way I don't have to think that much about all the subtle security implications such as script timeouts for example...

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• Make case-sensitive SMB share case-insensitive

  - by fungs

  I am running a legacy XP app that I would like to move on a network share. It is very simple and works in theory but the server providing the share is based on Linux (cannot configure) and the software does not work correctly because it is programmed case-insensitively, it seems. After some research, network shares behave like the filesystem they use underneath. This is normal. Unfortunately I cannot fix the software myself. Is there any way to turn the case-sensitivity into case-insensitivity for a Windows network drive on the client side? I fould two approaches: First, something like icasefile (http://wnd.katei.fi/icasefile/) that wraps around the program and intercepts the file I/O. This is for UNIX only. Secondly, a proxy virtual file system (e. g. something using Dokan). Unfortunately I couldn't find any suitable fs, the only possibility would be to put a case-insensitive filesystem on an image file and put this on the share using for example lmdisk (http://www.ltr-data.se/opencode.html/#ImDisk). Do you have any better ideas?

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• Compressing and copying large files on Windows Server?

  - by Aaron

  I've been having a hard time copying large database backups from the database server to a test box at another site. I'm open to any ideas that would help me get this database moved without having to resort to a USB hard drive and the mail. The database server is running Windows Server 2003 R2 Enterprise, 16 GB of RAM and two quad-core 3.0 GHz Xeon X5450s. Files are SQL Server 2005 backup files between 100 GB and 250 GB. The pipe is not the fastest and SQL Server backup files typically compress down to 10-40% of the original, so it made sense to me to compress the files first. I've tried a number of methods, including: gzip 1.2.4 (UnxUtils) and 1.3.12 (GnuWin) bzip2 1.0.1 (UnxUtils) and 1.0.5 (Cygwin) WinRAR 3.90 7-Zip 4.65 (7za.exe) I've attempted to use WinRAR and 7-Zip options for splitting into multiple segments. 7za.exe has worked well for me for database backups on another server, which has ~50 GB backups. I've also tried splitting the .BAK file first with various utilities and compressing the resulting segments. No joy with that approach either- no matter the tool I've tried, it ends up butting against the size of the file. Especially frustrating is that I've transferred files of similar size on Unix boxes without problems using rsync+ssh. Installing an SSH server is not an option for the situation I'm in, unfortunately. For example, this is how 7-Zip dies: H:\dbatmp>7za.exe a -t7z -v250m -mx3 h:\dbatmp\zip\db-20100419_1228.7z h:\dbatmp\db-20100419_1228.bak 7-Zip (A) 4.65 Copyright (c) 1999-2009 Igor Pavlov 2009-02-03 Scanning Creating archive h:\dbatmp\zip\db-20100419_1228.7z Compressing db-20100419_1228.bak System error: Unspecified error

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• Why is it necessary to chmod o+r parent directory to fix 403 access forbidden error with Nginx and P

  - by davenolan

  This may be an Nginx wrinkle, or it may be because I don't understand Unix permissions. We're using Hudson CI to deploy our staging instance. So RAILS_ROOT is /var/lib/hudson/jobs/JOBNAME/workspace. Hudson runs as hudson user Nginx runs as www-data user hudson and nginx are both members of the www group root of my nginx conf points to RAILS_ROOT/public as per normal. RAILS_ROOT/config/environment.rb is owned by www-data (so Passenger runs as www-data) RAILS_ROOT and everything in it is owned by the www group and group has r/w/x permissions As it stood, Nginx threw 403 permission denied when requesting any url. error.log contained entries like this: public/index.html" is forbidden (13: Permission denied). These did not fix the or change the error (each with a stop/start of Ngnix): chmod 777 -R RAILS_ROOT chgrp www -R /var/lib/hudson I also tried Nginx as root, and passenger complained that it could not find config/environment (despite the path displayed on the error page being correct). The fix was to ensure everybody has read permissions on each directory in the heirachy. In this case chmod o+r /var/lib/hudson. But if the group has read permissions on the directory, and nginx is a member of the owner group of the directory, why was it necessary to allow everyone read permissions? Is there something have not grokked about permissions? $nginx -V nginx version: nginx/0.7.61 built by gcc 4.4.1 (Ubuntu 4.4.1-4ubuntu8) configure arguments: --prefix=/opt/nginx --add-module=/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-2.2.5/ext/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=~/src/pcre-8.00/ --with-http_stub_status_module $cat /etc/lsb-release DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu DISTRIB_RELEASE=9.10 DISTRIB_CODENAME=karmic DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 9.10"

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• Forward real IP through Haproxy => Nginx => Unicorn

  - by Hendrik

  How do I forward the real visitors ip adress to Unicorn? The current setup is: Haproxy => Nginx => Unicorn How can I forward the real IP address from Haproxy, to Nginx, to Unicorn? Currently it is always only 127.0.0.1 I read that the X headers are going to be depreceated. http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6648 - how will this impact us? Haproxy Config: # haproxy config defaults log global mode http option httplog option dontlognull option httpclose retries 3 option redispatch maxconn 2000 contimeout 5000 clitimeout 50000 srvtimeout 50000 # Rails Backend backend deployer-production reqrep ^([^\ ]*)\ /api/(.*) \1\ /\2 balance roundrobin server deployer-production localhost:9000 check Nginx Config: upstream unicorn-production { server unix:/tmp/unicorn.ordify-backend-production.sock fail_timeout=0; } server { listen 9000 default; server_name manager.ordify.localhost; root /home/deployer/apps/ordify-backend-production/current/public; access_log /var/log/nginx/ordify-backend-production_access.log; rewrite_log on; try_files $uri/index.html $uri @unicorn; location @unicorn { proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_redirect off; proxy_pass http://unicorn-production; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /500.html; client_max_body_size 4G; keepalive_timeout 10; }

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• Maximum limit of filepointer in php reached and not changeable

  - by mlaug

  I have a server with the current 5.3.x version installed. Since we are running a really simple and small server in php using sockets, that connects to a lot clients using sockets we need to raise the open file limit that has been already done on the server for the user, that runs the server #ulimit -a core file size (blocks, -c) 0 data seg size (kbytes, -d) unlimited scheduling priority (-e) 0 file size (blocks, -f) unlimited pending signals (-i) 29879 max locked memory (kbytes, -l) 64 max memory size (kbytes, -m) unlimited open files (-n) 8192 pipe size (512 bytes, -p) 8 POSIX message queues (bytes, -q) 819200 real-time priority (-r) 0 stack size (kbytes, -s) 8192 cpu time (seconds, -t) unlimited max user processes (-u) 29879 virtual memory (kbytes, -v) unlimited file locks (-x) unlimited and we compiled php with --enable-fd-setsize=8192 still we are getting [19-Nov-2012 09:24:23 Europe/Berlin] PHP Warning: socket_select(): You MUST recompile PHP with a larger value of FD_SETSIZE. It is set to 1024, but you have descriptors numbered at least as high as 1024. --enable-fd-setsize=2048 is recommended, but you may want to set it to equal the maximum number of open files supported by your system, in order to avoid seeing this error again at a later date. once in a while in our logs. Anyone knows who to configure the unix server and php correctly to have that working? I found a bug, but that is related to 2006 and marked as "not a bug" https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=37025&edit=1

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• Mac updated just now, postgres now broken

  - by Dave

  I run postgres 9.1 / ruby 1.9.2 / rails 3.1.0 on a maxbook air for local dev. It's all been running smoothly for months, (though this is the first time I've done development on a mac.) It's a macbook air from last year, and today I got the mac osx software update message as I have a few times before, and my system downloaded approx 450mb of updates and restarted. It now says it's on OSX 10.7.3. Point is, postgres has stopped working, when I start my thin server (mirror heroku cedar) as normal, and then browse to my rails app I get: PG::Error could not connect to server: Permission denied Is the server running locally and accepting connections on Unix domain socket "/var/pgsql_socket/.s.PGSQL.5432"? What happened? After browsing around a few questions I'm still confused, but here's some extra info: Running psql from command line gives same error I can run pgadmin 3 and connect via it and run SQL no problems Running which psql shows the version as /usr/bin/psql I created a PostgreSQL user back when I got the mac (it's always been on lion) I've no idea why, almost certainly I was following a tutorial which I neglected to store in my notes. Point is I am aware there is a _postgres user as well. I know it's rubbish, but apart from a note on passwords, I don't have any extra info on how I configured postgres - though the obvious implication is that I did not use the _postgres user. Anyone have suggestions or information on what might have changed / what I can try to debug and fix? Thanks. Edit: Playing around based on this question and answer: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7975414/check-status-of-postgresql-server-mac-os-x, see this string of commands: $ sudo su postgreSQL bash-3.2$ /Library/PostgreSQL/9.1/bin/pg_ctl start -D /Library/PostgreSQL/9.1/data pg_ctl: another server might be running; trying to start server anyway server starting bash-3.2$ 2012-04-08 19:03:39 GMT FATAL: lock file "postmaster.pid" already exists 2012-04-08 19:03:39 GMT HINT: Is another postmaster (PID 68) running in data directory "/Library/PostgreSQL/9.1/data"? bash-3.2$ exit

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• How to tell statd to use portmap on a non-localhost ipadress?

  - by jneves

  How can I make statd connect to other IP address other than 127.0.0.1? I have a server that is connected to 2 different networks (one is public, another a private). I want it to provide a NFS share for only the private network. The host in an ubuntu 8.04. The private ip address is 192.168.1.202 I changed /etc/default/portmap to add: OPTIONS="-i 192.168.1.202" The command lsof -n | grep portmap returns: portmap 10252 daemon cwd DIR 202,0 4096 2 / portmap 10252 daemon rtd DIR 202,0 4096 2 / portmap 10252 daemon txt REG 202,0 15248 13461 /sbin/portmap portmap 10252 daemon mem REG 202,0 83708 32823 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnsl-2.7.so portmap 10252 daemon mem REG 202,0 1364388 32817 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc-2.7.so portmap 10252 daemon mem REG 202,0 31304 16588 /lib/libwrap.so.0.7.6 portmap 10252 daemon mem REG 202,0 109152 16955 /lib/ld-2.7.so portmap 10252 daemon 0u CHR 1,3 960 /dev/null portmap 10252 daemon 1u CHR 1,3 960 /dev/null portmap 10252 daemon 2u CHR 1,3 960 /dev/null portmap 10252 daemon 3u unix 0xecc8c3c0 4332992 socket portmap 10252 daemon 4u IPv4 4332993 UDP 192.168.1.202:sunrpc portmap 10252 daemon 5u IPv4 4332994 TCP 192.168.1.202:sunrpc (LISTEN) portmap 10252 daemon 6u REG 0,12 289 3821511 /var/run/portmap_mapping I defined in /etc/hosts the following: 192.168.1.202 server.local In /etc/default/nfs-common I changed STATDOPTS to: STATDOPTS="--name server.local" Yet when I run /etc/init.d/nfs-common start if fails to start. The log shows: Jun 8 06:37:44 cookwork-web1 rpc.statd[9723]: Version 1.1.2 Starting Jun 8 06:37:44 cookwork-web1 rpc.statd[9723]: Flags: Jun 8 06:37:44 cookwork-web1 rpc.statd[9723]: unable to register (statd, 1, udp). An strace -f rpc.statd -n server.local results in a lot of lines, including this one: sendto(9, "\200]3\362\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\2\0\1\206\240\0\0\0\2\0\0\0\1"..., 56, 0, {sa_family=AF_INET, sin_port=htons(111), sin_addr=inet_addr("127.0.0.1")}, 16) = 56

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• Keyboard issue when using kitty+puttycyg but not when using putty or cygwin alone

  - by kamaradclimber

  I would like to use a unique way to use console on my windows setup. Previously I used putty for remote access to linux servers and cygwin to have unix-like tools on windows. Then I discovered kitty which is a patched putty and have added the puttycyg patch. It provides the same way to connect to remote and local console. However, there is a strange behavior using vim when connected to the local console (using the puttycyg patch) : keys display A/B/C/D and replace the current character by these letter. In insert mode it does replace the caracter, in normal mode, no modification is made to the document even if the caracter is displayed as replaced. For instance, when I type : fixed bug with product deleted I get : fixed bbug wiwith prprodudueleteted I have read a lot of questions about this type of issue 3, 4 and googled it but there is no answer that work for me. The issue is present only for the setup kitty+puttycyg patch : cygwin alone works perfectly (and putty alone works also for access to linux servers). Any help would be appreciated !

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• What am I doing wrong in my config for MySql?

  - by Knight Hawk3

  When I load my my.conf with the config at the bottom Mysql fails to start and prints no errors. I am running Arch Linux (Updated) with the latest MySQL (5.5) and the latest nginx (Well latest in the repository, Not sure how to check. Only installed it today) I will give you any info you ask for. Thanks for helping! # The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients [client] #password = your_password port = 3306 socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock # Here follows entries for some specific programs # The MySQL server [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock skip-locking key_buffer = 16K max_allowed_packet = 1M table_cache = 4 sort_buffer_size = 64K read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 256K net_buffer_length = 2K thread_stack = 64K # Don’t listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement, # if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host. # All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes. # Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows # (using the “enable-named-pipe” option) will render mysqld useless! # #skip-networking server-id = 1 # Uncomment the following if you want to log updates #log-bin=mysql-bin # Uncomment the following if you are NOT using BDB tables skip-bdb # Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables #innodb_data_home_dir = /var/lib/mysql/ #innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend #innodb_log_group_home_dir = /var/lib/mysql/ #innodb_log_arch_dir = /var/lib/mysql/ # You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 – 80 % # of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high #innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M #innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M # Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size #innodb_log_file_size = 5M #innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M #innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 #innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 skip-innodb [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] no-auto-rehash # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL #safe-updates [isamchk] key_buffer = 1M sort_buffer_size = 1M [myisamchk] key_buffer = 1M sort_buffer_size = 1M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout So what is my silly error?

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• Postfix (delivery temporarily suspended: conversation with mydomain.net [private/lmtp] timed out while receiving the initial server greeting)

  - by Paul

  I'm running Debian 7.1, Postfix version 2.9.6, Dovecot Version 2.1.7 To set it up I followed mostly this (without the spamass-clamav-greylist bit) I have also got setup smart host relaying via gmail postconf -n reveals: alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases append_dot_mydomain = no biff = no config_directory = /etc/postfix inet_interfaces = all inet_protocols = ipv4 mailbox_size_limit = 0 milter_default_action = accept mydestination = MyDomain, localhost.net, localhost myhostname = MyDomain.net mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 myorigin = /etc/mailname readme_directory = no recipient_delimiter = + relay_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_relay_domains.cf relayhost = [smtp.gmail.com]:587 smtp_connect_timeout = 120s smtp_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtp_sasl_password_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/relay_passwd smtp_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache smtp_use_tls = yes smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Debian/GNU) smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_non_fqdn_hostname, reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_non_fqdn_recipient, reject_unauth_destination, reject_unauth_pipelining, reject_invalid_hostname smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtpd_use_tls = yes virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf virtual_gid_maps = static:3000 virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_domains.cf virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf virtual_transport = lmtp:unix:private/lmtp virtual_uid_maps = static:3000 I am able to send emails to the outside world but all emails sent to me are getting stuck. mailq is showing numerous lines: A69C2414C4 2621 Fri Dec 27 14:57:03 [email protected] (conversation with MyDomain.net[private/lmtp] timed out while receiving the initial server greeting) [email protected] AB78B414BE 3796 Fri Dec 27 14:56:50 [email protected] (delivery temporarily suspended: conversation with MyDomain.net[private/lmtp] timed out while receiving the initial server greeting) [email protected] /var/log/mail.log is showing: Dec 28 09:50:09 hostname postfix/lmtp[10828]: E947C414CD: to=, relay=localhost[private/lmtp], delay=64012, delays=63712/0.25/300/0, dsn=4.4.2, status=deferred (conversation with localhost[private/lmtp] timed out while receiving the initial server greeting) Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thank you

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• Problems with "Read Only" on a Samba share from Windows machines

  - by fistameeny

  Hi, We have a Ubuntu 10.04 Server that has a bunch of Samba shares on it that Windows workstations connect to. Each Windows workstation has a valid username/password to access the shares, which have restricted access governed by Samba. The problem we are experiencing is that Samba doesn't seem to be able to mimic the Windows way of handling "Read Only" attributes. Say I have two users, UserA and UserB, both a group called Staff - UserA creates a file that is readable/writeable by the group (ie. chmod rwxrwx---). If UserA then sets the "Read Only" flag, this changes the permissions to r-xr-x--- (i.e. no write for anyone). As UserB is in the same group as UserA, they should be able to remove the "Read Only" permission - however, they can't as Samba won't allow it. Is there a way to force Samba to allow users within the same group to remove the "Read Only" from a file not created by them? Edit: The Samba smb.conf is as follows: The share is defined in the smb.conf as: [global] log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* . obey pam restrictions = yes map to guest = bad user encrypt passwords = true passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u passdb backend = tdbsam dns proxy = no netbios name = ubsrv server string = ubsrv unix password sync = yes os level = 20 syslog = 0 usershare allow guests = yes panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d max log size = 1000 pam password change = yes workgroup = workgroup [Projects] valid users = @Staff writeable = yes user = @Staff create mode = 0777 path = /srv/samba/Projects directory mode = 0777 store dos attributes = Yes The folder itself looks like this: ls -l /srv/samba/ drwxrwxrwx 2 nobody Staff 4096 2010-11-04 10:09 Projects Thanks in advance, Matt

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• Turn off gzip for a location in Nginx

  - by Nyxynyx

  How can gzip be turned off for a particular location and all its sub-directories? My main site is at http://mydomain.com and I want to turn gzip off for both http://mydomain.com/foo and http://mydomain.com/foo/bar. gzip is turned on in nginx.conf. I tried turning off gzip as shown below, but the Response Headers in Chrome's dev tools shows that Content-Encoding:gzip. How should gzip/output buffering be disabled properly? Attempt: server { listen 80; server_name www.mydomain.com mydomain.com; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; root /var/www/mydomain/public; index index.php index.html; location / { gzip on; try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args ; } location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_read_timeout 300; } location /foo/ { gzip off; try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args ; } }

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• How to troubleshoot when one has no idea where to start?

  - by Chris Walton

  I am looking for hints, tips and answers on how to get started on troubleshooting when: The problem is intermittent The problem could lie literally anywhere - operating system; free source software; my own software developments; purchased software; crumbs on the keyboard; the specific combination of software I am currently running; Maxwell's demon; the little blue men actually running the machine have gone on strike; etc. I have expertise only in a few of the areas that are potential candidates for the cause of the problem. The specific problem I am having is detailed below as an example, but I am not seeking answers to my current problem, but rather where and how to start on tackling such problems. I am currently encountering a problem with my new machine. On a few occasions the machine has just frozen; not accepting keystrokes, mouseclicks, or anything except the power on/off switch. Invariably I have been merely browsing the web; I have had a few (<= 6 other applications) running. None of these applications are major; and represent a mix of commercial programs and open source programs, typically migrated from Unix of some variety. My machine is a Windows 7 I7 quad core laptop.

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• Enabling mod_wsgi in Apache for a Django app on Gentoo

  - by hobbes3

  I installed Apache, Django, and mod_wsgi on Gentoo using emerge (on Amazon EC2). I know that the mod_wsgi is configured in /etc/apache2/modules.d/70_mod_wsgi.conf: <IfDefine WSGI> LoadModule wsgi_module modules/mod_wsgi.so </IfDefine> # vim: ts=4 filetype=apache So in my /etc/conf.d/apache I added the WSGI module: APACHE2_OPTS="-D DEFAULT_VHOST -D INFO -D SSL -D SSL_DEFAULT_VHOST -D LANGUAGE -D WSGI" But when I try to list the loaded module, mod_wsgi isn't listed. root ~ # apache2 -M | grep wsgi Syntax OK I also know that mod_wsgi isn't loading properly because the Apache configuration file doesn't recognize WSGIScriptAlias. By the way for Django to work I need to include a custom Apache configuration file. Where should I insert the line below? Include "/var/www/localhost/htdocs/mysite/apache/apache_django_wsgi.conf" I currently have that in the httpd.conf file but I feel like that file will get reseted whenever I upgrade Gentoo or related package. EDIT: it seems the mod_wsgi file is located in /usr/lib64/apache2/modules/mod_wsgi.so. Here is my detailed Apache settings: root@ip-99-99-99-99 /usr/portage/eclass # apache2 -V Server version: Apache/2.2.21 (Unix) Server built: Mar 7 2012 06:52:30 Server's Module Magic Number: 20051115:30 Server loaded: APR 1.4.5, APR-Util 1.3.12 Compiled using: APR 1.4.5, APR-Util 1.3.12 Architecture: 64-bit Server MPM: Prefork threaded: no forked: yes (variable process count) Server compiled with.... -D APACHE_MPM_DIR="server/mpm/prefork" -D APR_HAS_SENDFILE -D APR_HAS_MMAP -D APR_HAVE_IPV6 (IPv4-mapped addresses enabled) -D APR_USE_SYSVSEM_SERIALIZE -D APR_USE_PTHREAD_SERIALIZE -D APR_HAS_OTHER_CHILD -D AP_HAVE_RELIABLE_PIPED_LOGS -D DYNAMIC_MODULE_LIMIT=128 -D HTTPD_ROOT="/usr" -D SUEXEC_BIN="/usr/sbin/suexec" -D DEFAULT_PIDLOG="/var/run/httpd.pid" -D DEFAULT_SCOREBOARD="logs/apache_runtime_status" -D DEFAULT_LOCKFILE="/var/run/accept.lock" -D DEFAULT_ERRORLOG="logs/error_log" -D AP_TYPES_CONFIG_FILE="/etc/apache2/mime.types" -D SERVER_CONFIG_FILE="/etc/apache2/httpd.conf"

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• Turn off monitor (energy saving) while in text console mode (in Linux)

  - by Denilson Sá

  How to configure Linux text console to automatically turn of the monitor after some time? And by "text console" I mean that thing that you get on ctrl+alt+F[1-6], which is what you get whenever X11 is not running. And, no, I'm not using any framebuffer console (it's a plain, good and old 80x25 text-mode). Many years ago, I was using Slackware Linux, and it used to boot up in text-mode. Then you would manually run startx after the login. Anyway, the main login "screen" was the plain text-mode console, and I remember that the monitor used to turn off (energy saving mode, indicated by a blinking LED) after some time. Now I'm using Gentoo, and I have a similar setup. The machine boots up in text-mode, and only rarely I need to run startx. I say this because this is mostly my personal Linux server, and there is no need to keep X11 running all the time. (which means: I don't want to use GDM/KDM or any other graphical login screen) But now, in this Gentoo text-mode console, the screen goes black after a while, but the monitor does not enter any energy-saving mode (the LED is always lit). Yes, I've waited long enough to verify this. Thus, my question is: how can I configure my current system to behave like the old one? In other words, how to make the text console trigger energy-saving mode of the monitor? (maybe I should (cross-)post this question to http://unix.stackexchange.com/ )

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• To SYNC or not to SYNC – Part 4

  - by AshishRay

  This is Part 4 of a multi-part blog article where we are discussing various aspects of setting up Data Guard synchronous redo transport (SYNC). In Part 1 of this article, I debunked the myth that Data Guard SYNC is similar to a two-phase commit operation. In Part 2, I discussed the various ways that network latency may or may not impact a Data Guard SYNC configuration. In Part 3, I talked in details regarding why Data Guard SYNC is a good thing, and the distance implications you have to keep in mind. In this final article of the series, I will talk about how you can nicely complement Data Guard SYNC with the ability to failover in seconds. Wait - Did I Say “Seconds”? Did I just say that some customers do Data Guard failover in seconds? Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus. Data Guard has an automatic failover capability, aptly called Fast-Start Failover. Initially available with Oracle Database 10g Release 2 for Data Guard SYNC transport mode (and enhanced in Oracle Database 11g to support Data Guard ASYNC transport mode), this capability, managed by Data Guard Broker, lets your Data Guard configuration automatically failover to a designated standby database. Yes, this means no human intervention is required to do the failover. This process is controlled by a low footprint Data Guard Broker client called Observer, which makes sure that the primary database and the designated standby database are behaving like good kids. If something bad were to happen to the primary database, the Observer, after a configurable threshold period, tells that standby, “Your time has come, you are the chosen one!” The standby dutifully follows the Observer directives by assuming the role of the new primary database. The DBA or the Sys Admin doesn’t need to be involved. And - in case you are following this discussion very closely, and are wondering … “Hmmm … what if the old primary is not really dead, but just network isolated from the Observer or the standby - won’t this lead to a split-brain situation?” The answer is No - It Doesn’t. With respect to why-it-doesn’t, I am sure there are some smart DBAs in the audience who can explain the technical reasons. Otherwise - that will be the material for a future blog post. So - this combination of SYNC and Fast-Start Failover is the nirvana of lights-out, integrated HA and DR, as practiced by some of our advanced customers. They have observed failover times (with no data loss) ranging from single-digit seconds to tens of seconds. With this, they support operations in industry verticals such as manufacturing, retail, telecom, Internet, etc. that have the most demanding availability requirements. One of our leading customers with massive cloud deployment initiatives tells us that they know about server failures only after Data Guard has automatically completed the failover process and the app is back up and running! Needless to mention, Data Guard Broker has the integration hooks for interfaces such as JDBC and OCI, or even for custom apps, to ensure the application gets automatically rerouted to the new primary database after the database level failover completes. Net Net? To sum up this multi-part blog article, Data Guard with SYNC redo transport mode, plus Fast-Start Failover, gives you the ideal triple-combo - that is, it gives you the assurance that for critical outages, you can failover your Oracle databases: very fast without human intervention, and without losing any data. In short, it takes the element of risk out of critical IT operations. It does require you to be more careful with your network and systems planning, but as far as HA is concerned, the benefits outweigh the investment costs. So, this is what we in the MAA Development Team believe in. What do you think? How has your deployment experience been? We look forward to hearing from you!

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• Hyper-V Live Migration across Sites!

  - by Ryan Roussel

  One of the great sessions I sat in on at Tech Ed this week was stretching a Windows 2008 R2 Hyper-V  Failover Cluster across sites.  With this ability, you could actually implement a Hyper-V cluster where you could migrate or even Live Migrate VMs across sites.   With this area’s propensity for Hurricanes, this will be a very popular topic for me over the next few months. While this technology is possible today, it’s also very complicated and can be very expensive to implement.    First your WAN connection has to support the ability to trunk your VLAN across both sites in order to Live Migrate.  This means you can’t use a Layer 3 routed connection like MPLS.  It has to be a Metro Ethernet connection or "Dark Fiber”.  Dark Fiber is unused Fiber already in the ground that can be leased from  various providers. Both of these connections would allow you to trunk layer 2 across your WAN.  Cisco does have the ability to trunk layer 2 across a routed connection by muxing the traffic but this is only available in their Nexus product line which has a very steep price tag.   If you are stuck with MPLS or the like and Nexus switching is not a realistic possibility, you will have to implement a multi-subnet cluster in which case Live Migration won’t be possible.  However you can still failover VMs to the remote site with some planning and manual intervention.  The consideration here is that the VMs will be on a different subnet once migrated, so you will have to change the IP addressing of your VMs.  This also has ramifications with DNS and Name resolution to control your down time.  DHCP with Reservations for your VMs is the preferred method to achieve the IP changes as this will automate that part of the process.   Secondly, you will have to have  a mechanism to replicate your storage across both sites.  Many SAN vendors natively support hardware based synchronous and asynchronous replication.  Some even support cluster shared volumes which were introduced in 2008 R2.   If your SANs do not support this natively, there are alternative file based replication products either software based like Double Take or hardware appliance like EMC.  Be sure to check with your vendor on the support of Disk majority if you’re replicating your quorum disk between SANs.   The last consideration is the ability to maintain quorum for your cluster.  If your replication provider does not support Disk Majority through replication, you will have to explore Node Majority with File Share Witness.  This will affect your design as a 3 node cluster with 1 node at the remote site and FSW at the production site would not have the ability to maintain quorum if the production site was lost. MS best practice for this would be to implement an even node cluster with 2 nodes at  each site and the FSW at a third site.   And there you have it.  While some considerations and research goes into implementing this solution, even a multi-subnet solution would be invaluable to organizations in the implementations of “warm” DR sites.

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