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  • How does MySQL 5.5 and InnoDB on Linux use RAM?

    - by Loren
    Does MySQL 5.5 InnoDB keep indexes in memory and tables on disk? Does it ever do it's own in-memory caching of part or whole tables? Or does it completely rely on the OS page cache (I'm guessing that it does since Facebook's SSD cache that was built for MySQL was done at the OS-level: https://github.com/facebook/flashcache/)? Does Linux by default use all of the available RAM for the page cache? So if RAM size exceeds table size + memory used by processes, then when MySQL server starts and reads the whole table for the first time it will be from disk, and from that point on the whole table is in RAM? So using Alchemy Database (SQL on top of Redis, everything always in RAM: http://code.google.com/p/alchemydatabase/) shouldn't be much faster than MySQL, given the same size RAM and database?

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  • How to keep Varnish cached populate after backend down for an extended period?

    - by Nicholas Tolley Cottrell
    We have Varnish 3.0.2 running on Amazon's Linux and it works great. We have a ttl of 48 hours for most content pages and much longer for images, PDFs etc. This weekend we've taken the backend down for some maintenance, so I upped the ttl to 5 days earlier in the week. I had assumed that anything in cache would continue to be served for up to 5 days, but much to our disappointment we checked varnishstat this morning and the cache was almost completely empty and varnish was serving "page not found" messages. I know that this is not what Varnish is designed to do, but why would it reset its cache when the backend is down? And how can I prevent it for next time?

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  • Is there a way i can see why Squid (Proxy Server) determines why a resources should be a MISS?

    - by Pure.Krome
    Hi folks, I'm using Fiddler/FireBug to debug some of our live server web content. We're getting a lot of :- X-Cache: MISS from X-Cache-Lookup: MISS from :8080 Via: 1.1 :8080 (squid/2.7.STABE3) I thought i knew a lot about cache-control / expires / last-modified / etags, etc.. but maybe not. So .. is there a way I can run squid in some verbose way to see why it thinks a resource which i request, is cached/is not getting cached, etc.. which is why we're getting MISSes back? cheers :)

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  • Database call crashes Android Application

    - by Darren Murtagh
    i am using a Android database and its set up but when i call in within an onClickListener and the app crashes the code i am using is mButton.setOnClickListener( new View.OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View view) { s = WorkoutChoice.this.weight.getText().toString(); s2 = WorkoutChoice.this.height.getText().toString(); int w = Integer.parseInt(s); double h = Double.parseDouble(s2); double BMI = (w/h)/h; t.setText(""+BMI); long id = db.insertTitle("001", ""+days, ""+BMI); Cursor c = db.getAllTitles(); if (c.moveToFirst()) { do { DisplayTitle(c); } while (c.moveToNext()); } } }); and the log cat for when i run it is: 04-01 18:21:54.704: E/global(6333): Deprecated Thread methods are not supported. 04-01 18:21:54.704: E/global(6333): java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException 04-01 18:21:54.704: E/global(6333): at java.lang.VMThread.stop(VMThread.java:85) 04-01 18:21:54.704: E/global(6333): at java.lang.Thread.stop(Thread.java:1391) 04-01 18:21:54.704: E/global(6333): at java.lang.Thread.stop(Thread.java:1356) 04-01 18:21:54.704: E/global(6333): at com.b00348312.workout.Splashscreen$1.run(Splashscreen.java:42) 04-01 18:22:09.444: D/dalvikvm(6333): GC_FOR_MALLOC freed 4221 objects / 252640 bytes in 31ms 04-01 18:22:09.474: I/dalvikvm(6333): Total arena pages for JIT: 11 04-01 18:22:09.574: D/dalvikvm(6333): GC_FOR_MALLOC freed 1304 objects / 302920 bytes in 29ms 04-01 18:22:09.744: D/dalvikvm(6333): GC_FOR_MALLOC freed 2480 objects / 290848 bytes in 33ms 04-01 18:22:10.034: D/dalvikvm(6333): GC_FOR_MALLOC freed 6334 objects / 374152 bytes in 36ms 04-01 18:22:14.344: D/AndroidRuntime(6333): Shutting down VM 04-01 18:22:14.344: W/dalvikvm(6333): threadid=1: thread exiting with uncaught exception (group=0x400259f8) 04-01 18:22:14.364: E/AndroidRuntime(6333): FATAL EXCEPTION: main 04-01 18:22:14.364: E/AndroidRuntime(6333): java.lang.IllegalStateException: database not open 04-01 18:22:14.364: E/AndroidRuntime(6333): at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.insertWithOnConflict(SQLiteDatabase.java:1567) 04-01 18:22:14.364: E/AndroidRuntime(6333): at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.insert(SQLiteDatabase.java:1484) 04-01 18:22:14.364: E/AndroidRuntime(6333): at com.b00348312.workout.DataBaseHelper.insertTitle(DataBaseHelper.java:84) 04-01 18:22:14.364: E/AndroidRuntime(6333): at com.b00348312.workout.WorkoutChoice$3.onClick(WorkoutChoice.java:84) 04-01 18:22:14.364: E/AndroidRuntime(6333): at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:2408) 04-01 18:22:14.364: E/AndroidRuntime(6333): at android.view.View$PerformClick.run(View.java:8817) 04-01 18:22:14.364: E/AndroidRuntime(6333): at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:587) 04-01 18:22:14.364: E/AndroidRuntime(6333): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:92) 04-01 18:22:14.364: E/AndroidRuntime(6333): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:144) 04-01 18:22:14.364: E/AndroidRuntime(6333): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4937) 04-01 18:22:14.364: E/AndroidRuntime(6333): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 04-01 18:22:14.364: E/AndroidRuntime(6333): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521) 04-01 18:22:14.364: E/AndroidRuntime(6333): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:858) 04-01 18:22:14.364: E/AndroidRuntime(6333): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:616) 04-01 18:22:14.364: E/AndroidRuntime(6333): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) i have notice errors when the application opens but i dont no what thet are from. when i take out the statements to do with the database there is no errors and everthign runs smoothly

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  • Cron Script to Delete Folder Contents Every 5 Minutes on Media Temple

    - by Brian Iannone
    I'm not familiar with server-side scripting, but I'm currently using a PHP application on Media Temple to cache JPEGs from four webcams hosted on a server located in the middle of the Indian Ocean. (Hence my reason for caching them in the US.) The webcams are updated every five minutes. The PHP application stores the cached images in http://static.rigic.co/cache/. I would like to create a cron script to automatically delete the contents of "cache" (not the folder itself; just the files inside) at a regular interval.

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  • CSC folder data access AND roaming profiles issues (Vista with Server 2003, then 2008)

    - by Alex Jones
    I'm a junior sysadmin for an IT contractor that helps small, local government agencies, like little towns and the like. One of our clients, a public library with ~ 50 staff users, was recently migrated from Server 2003 Standard to Server 2008 R2 Standard in a very short timeframe; our senior employee, the only network engineer, had suddenly put in his two weeks notice, so management pushed him to do this project before quitting. A bit hasty on management's part? Perhaps. Could we do anything about that? Nope. Do I have to fix this all by myself? Pretty much. The network is set up like this: a) 50ish staff workstations, all running Vista Business SP2. All staff use MS Outlook, which uses RPC-over-HTTPS ("Outlook Anywhere") for cached Exchange access to an offsite location. b) One new (virtualized) Server 2008 R2 Standard instance, running atop a Server 2008 R2 host via Hyper-V. The VM is the domain's DC, and also the site's one and only file server. Let's call that VM "NEWBOX". c) One old physical Server 2003 Standard server, running the same roles. Let's call it "OLDBOX". It's still on the network and accessible, but it's been demoted, and its shares have been disabled. No data has been deleted. c) Gigabit Ethernet everywhere. The organization's only has one domain, and it did not change during the migration. d) Most users were set up for a combo of redirected folders + offline files, but some older employees who had been with the organization a long time are still on roaming profiles. To sum up: the servers in question handle user accounts and files, nothing else (eg, no TS, no mail, no IIS, etc.) I have two major problems I'm hoping you can help me with: 1) Even though all domain users have had their redirected folders moved to the new server, and loggin in to their workstations and testing confirms that the Documents/Music/Whatever folders point to the new paths, it appears some users (not laptops or anything either!) had been working offline from OLDBOX for a long time, and nobody realized it. Here's the ugly implication: a bunch of their data now lives only in their CSC folders, because they can't access the share on OLDBOX and sync with it finally. How do I get this data out of those CSC folders, and onto NEWBOX? 2) What's the best way to migrate roaming profile users to non-roaming ones, without losing vital data like documents, any lingering PSTs, etc? Things I've thought about trying: For problem 1: a) Reenable the documents share on OLDBOX, force an Offline Files sync for ALL domain users, then copy OLDBOX's share's data to the equivalent share on NEWBOX. Reinitialize the Offline Files cache for every user. With this: How do I safely force a domain-wide Offline Files sync? Could I lose data by reenabling the share on OLDBOX and forcing the sync? Afterwards, how can I reinitialize the Offline Files cache for every user, without doing it manually, workstation by workstation? b) Determine which users have unsynced changes to OLDBOX (again, how?), search each user's CSC folder domain-wide via workstation admin shares, and grab the unsynched data. Reinitialize the Offline Files cache for every user. With this: How can I detect which users have unsynched changes with a script? How can I search each user's CSC folder, when the ownership and permissions set for CSC folders are so restrictive? Again, afterwards, how can I reinitialize the Offline Files cache for every user, without doing it manually, workstation by workstation? c) Manually visit each workstation, copy the contents of the CSC folder, and manually copy that data onto NEWBOX. Reinitialize the Offline Files cache for every user. With this: Again, how do I 'break into' the CSC folder and get to its data? As an experiment, I took one workstation's HD offsite, imaged it for safety, and then tried the following with one of our shop PCs, after attaching the drive: grant myself full control of the folder (failed), grant myself ownership of the folder (failed), run chkdsk on the whole drive to make sure nothing's messed up (all OK), try to take full control of the entire drive (failed), try to take ownership of the entire drive (failed) MS KB articles and Googling around suggests there's a utility called CSCCMD that's meant for this exact scenario...but it looks like it's available for XP, not Vista, no? Again, afterwards, how can I reinitialize the Offline Files cache for every user, without doing it manually, workstation by workstation? For problem 2: a) Figure out which users are on roaming profiles, and where their profiles 'live' on the server. Create new folders for them in the redirected folders repository, migrate existing data, and disable the roaming. With this: Finding out who's roaming isn't hard. But what's the best way to disable the roaming itself? In AD Users and Computers, or on each user's workstation? Doing it centrally on the server seems more efficient; that said, all of the KB research I've done turns up articles on how to go from local to roaming, not the other way around, so I don't have good documentation on this. In closing: we have good backups of NEWBOX and OLDBOX, but not of the workstations themselves, so anything drastic on the client side would need imaging and testing for safety. Thanks for reading along this far! Hopefully you can help me dig us out of this mess.

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  • Applying Unity in dynamic menu

    - by Rajarshi
    I was going through Unity 2.0 to check if it has an effective use in our new application. My application is a Windows Forms application and uses a traditional bar menu (at the top), currently. My UIs (Windows Forms) more or less support Dependency Injection pattern since they all work with a class (Presentation Model Class) supplied to them via the constructor. The form then binds to the properties of the supplied P Model class and calls methods on the P Model class to perform its duties. Pretty simple and straightforward. How P Model reacts to the UI actions and responds to them by co-ordinating with the Domain Class (Business Logic/Model) is irrelevant here and thus not mentioned. The object creation sequence to show up one UI from menu then goes like this - Create Business Model instance Create Presentation Model instance with Business Model instance passed to P Model constructor. Create UI instance with Presentation Model instance passed to UI constructor. My present solution: To show an UI in the method above from my menu I would have to refer all assemblies (Business, PModel, UI) from my Menu class. Considering I have split the modules into a number of physical assemblies, that would be a dificult task to add references to about 60 different assemblies. Also the approach is not very scalable since I would certainly need to release more modules and with this approach I would have to change the source code every time I release a new module. So primarily to avoid the reference of so many assemblies from my Menu class (assembly) I did as below - Stored all the dependency described above in a database table (SQL Server), e.g. ModuleShortCode | BModelAssembly | BModelFullTypeName | PModelAssembly | PModelFullTypeName | UIAssembly | UIFullTypeName Now used a static class named "Launcher" with a method "Launch" as below - Launcher.Launch("Discount") Launcher.Launch("Customers") The Launcher internally uses data from the dependency table and uses Activator.CreateInstance() to create each of the objects and uses the instance as constructor parameter to the next object being created, till the UI is built. The UI is then shown as a modal dialog. The code inside Launcher is somewhat like - Form frm = ResolveForm("Discount"); frm.ShowDialog(); The ResolveForm does the trick of building the chain of objects. Can Unity help me here? Now when I did that I did not have enough information on Unity and now that I have studied Unity I think I have been doing more or less the same thing. So I tried to replace my code with Unity. However, as soon as I started I hit a block. If I try to resolve UI forms in my Menu as Form customers = myUnityContainer.Resolve(); or Form customers = myUnityContainer.Resolve(typeof(Customers)); Then either way, I need to refer to my UI assembly from my Menu assembly since the target Type "Customers" need to be known for Unity to resolve it. So I am back to same place since I would have to refer all UI assemblies from the Menu assembly. I understand that with Unity I would have to refer fewer assemblies (only UI assemblies) but those references are needed which defeats my objectives below - Create the chain of objects dynamically without any assembly reference from Menu assembly. This is to avoid Menu source code changing every time I release a new module. My Menu also is built dynamically from a table. Be able to supply new modules just by supplying the new assemblies and inserting the new Dependency row in the table by a database patch. At this stage, I have a feeling that I have to do it the way I was doing, i.e. Activator.CreateInstance() to fulfil all my objectives. I need to verify whether the community thinks the same way as me or have a better suggestion to solve the problem. The post is really long and I sincerely thank you if you come til this point. Waiting for your valuable suggestions. Rajarshi

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  • Websocket handshake response not forwarded from TCP to client

    - by Saharsh
    I am trying to create a websocket server. I can see the websocket client's opening handhshake. My response to it is received by the client laptop (I can see this on wireshark). So the TCP connection has been established. But the client (a chrome websocket client extension) does not receive the handshake packet. What could be a possible reason for TCP to not forward the handshake to the client or for the client to not be able to read the TCP message? Client handshake: GET HTTP/1.1 Upgrade: websocket Connection:Upgrade Cache-Control:no-cache Host:192.168.0.101 Origin:http://www.websocket.org Pragma:no-cache Sec-WebSocket-Extensions:permessage-deflate; client_max_window_bits, x-webkit-deflate-frame Sec-WebSocket-Key: qrmw/m+BoZije6h9HYKmVw== Sec-WebSocket-Version:13 Upgrade:websocket Server Response: HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols Upgrade: websocket Connection: Upgrade Sec-WebSocket-Accept: jj1g5Io57m9ks8cme3jkbyo2asc= Access-Control-Allow-Origin: http://www.websocket.org Server: xyz Sec-WebSocket-Extensions: Thanks!

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  • MySQL slow query log logging all queries

    - by Blanka
    We have a MySQL 5.1.52 Percona Server 11.6 instance that suddenly started logging every single query to the slow query log. The long_query_time configuration is set to 1, yet, suddenly we're seeing every single query (e.g. just saw one that took 0.000563s!). As a result, our log files are growing at an insane pace. We just had to truncate a 180G slow query log file. I tried setting the long_query_time variable to a really large number to see if it stopped altogether (1000000), but same result. show global variables like 'general_log%'; +------------------+--------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +------------------+--------------------------+ | general_log | OFF | | general_log_file | /usr2/mysql/data/db4.log | +------------------+--------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) show global variables like 'slow_query_log%'; +---------------------------------------+-------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------------------------------+-------------------------------+ | slow_query_log | ON | | slow_query_log_file | /usr2/mysql/data/db4-slow.log | | slow_query_log_microseconds_timestamp | OFF | +---------------------------------------+-------------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) show global variables like 'long%'; +-----------------+----------+ | Variable_name | Value | +-----------------+----------+ | long_query_time | 1.000000 | +-----------------+----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

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  • how to obtain the relative path of a resource in a j2ee project

    - by Neeraj
    I have a Dynamic Web Project having a flat file (or say text file). I have created a servlet in which I need to use this file. My code is as following: protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { // String resource = request.getParameter ("json") ; if ( resource != null && !resource.equals ( "" ) ) { //use getResourceAsStream ( ) to properly get the file. InputStream is = getServletContext ().getResourceAsStream ("rateJSON") ; if ( is != null ) { // the resource exists response.setContentType("application/json"); response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache"); response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0); response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache"); StringWriter sw = new StringWriter ( ) ; for ( int c = is.read ( ) ; c != -1; c = is.read ( ) ) { sw.write ( c ) ; } PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); out.print (sw.toString ()) ; out.flush(); } } } The problem is that the InputStream is has null value. I'm not sure how to get the correct relative path. I'm using JBOSS as the app server. I have added the resource file in the WebContent directory of a Dynamic Web Project. As a different approch, I tried this: protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { // TODO Auto-generated method stub ServletConfig config = getServletConfig(); String contextName = config.getInitParameter("ApplicationName"); System.out.println("context name"+ contextName); String contextPath = config.getServletContext().getRealPath(contextName); System.out.println("context Path"+contextPath); //contextPath = contextPath.substring(0, contextPath.indexOf(contextName)); contextPath += "\\rateJSON.txt"; System.out.println(contextPath); String resource = request.getParameter ("json") ; System.out.println("Hi there1"+resource); if ( resource != null && !resource.equals ( "" ) ) { System.out.println("Hi there"); //use getResourceAsStream ( ) to properly get the file. //InputStream is = getServletContext ().getResourceAsStream (resource) ; InputStream is = getServletConfig().getServletContext().getResourceAsStream(contextPath); if ( is != null ) { // the resource exists System.out.println("Hi there2"); response.setContentType("application/json"); response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache"); response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0); response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache"); StringWriter sw = new StringWriter ( ); for ( int c = is.read ( ) ; c != -1; c = is.read ( ) ) { sw.write ( c ) ; System.out.println(c); } PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); out.print (sw.toString ()) ; System.out.println(sw.toString()); out.flush(); } } } The value of contextPath is now: C:\JBOSS\jboss-5.0.1.GA\server\default\tmp\4p72206b-uo5r7k-g0vn9pof-1-g0vsh0o9-b7\Nationwide.war\WEB-INF\rateJSON But at this location the rateJSON file is not there? It seems JBOSS is not putting this file in the App.war or doesn't deploy it??? Could someone please help me?

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  • Configuring memcached for a particular scenario

    - by pradeepchhetri
    I have a web application which queries opentsdb server(which in backend using Hbase cluster) for the datapoints of different metrics and using dygraph javascript graphing library, I am plotting those metrics. Since getting all the datapoints of past one day from opentsdb for a particular metric is itself taking nearly 2 seconds, my application which is plotting nearly 25 metrics is becoming very slow. In order to reduce this latency, I am thinking of using memcached module of php5 for caching all the queries. But I have few questions regarding memcached. Is there any way I can configure memcache to keep on updating its cache in the background by running some command line queries after particular interval of time. Is there any way I can configure memcache to always reply for a query using cache instead of first updating its cache because my application just plots datapoints for past one day. Missing out some datapoints is not that critical.

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  • High-End Gaming Desktop PC in France [closed]

    - by Lerikunus
    Hello, I was looking to buy an ALIENWARE AREA 51, as my Desktop crashed some days ago. But the Preliminary Ship date is 03.01.11 and I need the new PC until Friday next week =( Does someone know a(n) (online)-store where Build&Shipping time is quite low so I can get it until next Friday? I am living in France (Nice). Or any place I can ask fot his kind of advice? This is my desired configuration: Overclocked Intel® Core™ i7 980x Extreme Six Core Processor (4.0GHz, 12MB Cache) 12GB Triple Channel 1600MHz DDR3 Dual 2GB ATI Radeon™ HD 6950 2TB RAID 1+0 (4x 1TB SATA-II, 7,200 RPM, 32MB Cache HDDs) 2TB RAID 1 (2x2TB SATA-II, 7,200 RPM, 32MB Cache HDDs) Thank you very much!

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  • How to combine wildcards and spaces (quotes) in an Windows command?

    - by Jan Fabry
    I want to remove directories of the following format: C:\Program Files\FogBugz\Plugins\cache\[email protected]_NN NN is a number, so I want to use a wildcard (this is part of a post-build step in Visual Studio). The problem is that I need to combine quotes around the path name (for the space in Program Files) with a wildcard to match the end of the path. I already found out that rd is the remove command that accepts wildcards, but where do I put the quotes? I have tried no ending quote (works for dir), ...example.com*", ...example.com"*, ...example.com_??", ...cache\"[email protected]*, ...cache"\[email protected]*, but none of them work. (How many commands to remove a file/directory are there in Windows anyway? And why do they all differ in capabilities?)

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  • What is excessive swapping.

    - by amateur barista
    This post led me to ask that question. Cache contention On a large site, if you are using MyISAM, contention occurs in the database tables when the cache is forced to clear after a node or a comment is added. With tens of thousands of filter text snippets needing to be deleted, the table will be locked for a long period, and any accesses to it will be queued pending the purge of the data in it. The same is true for the page cache as well. This often causes a "site hang" for a minute or two. During that time new requests keep piling up, and if you do not have the MaxClients parameter in Apache setup correctly, the system can go into thrashing because of excessive swapping.

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  • Run script when Varnish starts

    - by kipusoep
    I'd like to run a script when Varnish starts. This script should execute a webrequest to a webserver (its backend), which then makes sure Varnish's cache gets filled with all pages residing on this webserver. So this script makes sure everyting is in Varnish's cache when Varnish (re)starts, because we're using Varnish as cache and fail-over (the webserver should be able to be down for let's say a week for example, without any consequences). What are the possibilities to do this? We can't just edit /etc/init.d/varnish and /usr/sbin/varnishd because they can het overwritten when updating varnish? Thanks!

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  • Override `drop` for a custom sequence

    - by Bruno Reis
    In short: in Clojure, is there a way to redefine a function from the standard sequence API (which is not defined on any interface like ISeq, IndexedSeq, etc) on a custom sequence type I wrote? 1. Huge data files I have big files in the following format: A long (8 bytes) containing the number n of entries n entries, each one being composed of 3 longs (ie, 24 bytes) 2. Custom sequence I want to have a sequence on these entries. Since I cannot usually hold all the data in memory at once, and I want fast sequential access on it, I wrote a class similar to the following: (deftype DataSeq [id ^long cnt ^long i cached-seq] clojure.lang.IndexedSeq (index [_] i) (count [_] (- cnt i)) (seq [this] this) (first [_] (first cached-seq)) (more [this] (if-let [s (next this)] s '())) (next [_] (if (not= (inc i) cnt) (if (next cached-seq) (DataSeq. id cnt (inc i) (next cached-seq)) (DataSeq. id cnt (inc i) (with-open [f (open-data-file id)] ; open a memory mapped byte array on the file ; seek to the exact position to begin reading ; decide on an optimal amount of data to read ; eagerly read and return that amount of data )))))) The main idea is to read ahead a bunch of entries in a list and then consume from that list. Whenever the cache is completely consumed, if there are remaining entries, they are read from the file in a new cache list. Simple as that. To create an instance of such a sequence, I use a very simple function like: (defn ^DataSeq load-data [id] (next (DataSeq. id (count-entries id) -1 []))) ; count-entries is a trivial "open file and read a long" memoized As you can see, the format of the data allowed me to implement count in very simply and efficiently. 3. drop could be O(1) In the same spirit, I'd like to reimplement drop. The format of these data files allows me to reimplement drop in O(1) (instead of the standard O(n)), as follows: if dropping less then the remaining cached items, just drop the same amount from the cache and done; if dropping more than cnt, then just return the empty list. otherwise, just figure out the position in the data file, jump right into that position, and read data from there. My difficulty is that drop is not implemented in the same way as count, first, seq, etc. The latter functions call a similarly named static method in RT which, in turn, calls my implementation above, while the former, drop, does not check if the instance of the sequence it is being called on provides a custom implementation. Obviously, I could provide a function named anything but drop that does exactly what I want, but that would force other people (including my future self) to remember to use it instead of drop every single time, which sucks. So, the question is: is it possible to override the default behaviour of drop? 4. A workaround (I dislike) While writing this question, I've just figured out a possible workaround: make the reading even lazier. The custom sequence would just keep an index and postpone the reading operation, that would happen only when first was called. The problem is that I'd need some mutable state: the first call to first would cause some data to be read into a cache, all the subsequent calls would return data from this cache. There would be a similar logic on next: if there's a cache, just next it; otherwise, don't bother populating it -- it will be done when first is called again. This would avoid unnecessary disk reads. However, this is still less than optimal -- it is still O(n), and it could easily be O(1). Anyways, I don't like this workaround, and my question is still open. Any thoughts? Thanks.

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  • How to put text in same row but different column if a certain text is present in the same row?

    - by melai
    How can I put text in the same row but different column if a certain text is present in the same row? Issue Area Correction Done Process changed bin Process skip lap converted to global Security done global migration Process changed bin How can I code this in a macro? For example: If the correction done is in the cell, the Issue should be Process automatically. If the word global is present the Issue should be Security. I have 500 rows and I want to have the code until row 500.

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  • Varnishhist x- and y-axis

    - by pst
    In varnishhist the x-axis shows the time varnish took between getting the request from the kernel and sending it back to kernel. The y-axis shows the number of requests. | => cache hit # => cache miss That is what I understood from the manpage. Correct me if I'm wrong. Yet there is one thing I'm unsure about. The pipes (|) on the far left side, do they also stand for cache hits or are they just there to print the y-axis? I'm voting for the latter, but would like to be sure.

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  • parsing xml with php, children

    - by moustafa
    Hello I successfully created my parser Everything is working great except one thing since my xml is formated a little different and I am totally lost on how to assign variable to the children of . xml portion <item> <url /> <name /> - <photos> <photo>1020944_0.jpg</photo> <photo>1020944_1.jpg</photo> <photo>1020944_2.jpg</photo> </photos> <user_id /> </item> PHP code <? global $insideitem, $tag, $name, $photos, $user_id; global $count,$db; $db = mysql_connect("localhost", "user","pass"); mysql_select_db("db_name",$db); $result = mysql_query("SELECT user_id FROM table,$db); while ($myrow = mysql_fetch_array($result)){ $uid=$myrow['user_id']; $UN_ID[$uid]=$uid; } $count=1; $count2=1; // ########################################################## // ************* START ELEMENT FUNCTION ********************* // ########################################################## function startElement($parser, $name, $attrs) { global $insideitem, $tag, $name, $photos, $user_id; if ($insideitem) { $tag = $name; } elseif($name == "ITEM"){ $insideitem = true; } } function endElement($parser, $name) { global $insideitem, $tag, $name, $photos, $user_id; global $count,$count2,$db,$UN_ID; if ($name == "ITEM") { if(!$UN_ID[$unique_id]){ $name=addslashes($name); $photo1=addslashes($photo); $photo2=addslashes($photo); $photo3=addslashes($photo); $photo4=addslashes($photo); $user_id=addslashes($category); $sql = "INSERT INTO table ( name, photo1, photo2, photo3, photo4, user_id ) VALUES ( '$name', '$photo', '$photo', '$photo', '$photo', '$user_id', )"; $resultupdate = mysql_query($sql); } $name=''; $photos=''; $user_id=''; } } function characterData($parser, $data) { global $insideitem, $tag, $name, $photos, $user_id; if ($insideitem) { switch ($tag) { case "NAME": $name .= $data; break; case "PHOTOS": $photos .= $data; break; case "USER_ID": $user_id .= $data; break; } } } $xml_parser = xml_parser_create(); xml_set_element_handler($xml_parser, "startElement", "endElement"); xml_set_character_data_handler($xml_parser, "characterData"); $fp = fopen("../myfile.xml","r") or die("Error reading RSS data."); while ($data = fread($fp, 4096)) // Parse each 4KB chunk with the XML parser created above xml_parse($xml_parser, $data, feof($fp)) // Handle errors in parsing or die(sprintf("XML error: %s at line %d", xml_error_string(xml_get_error_code($xml_parser)), xml_get_current_line_number($xml_parser))); fclose($fp); // ########################################################## // *********************** FREE MEMORY ********************** // ########################################################## xml_parser_free($xml_parser); ?> The number of tags can range between 1-4. I have tried searching everywhere for info on how to do this and tried everything but I just cant get it. After several days of this giving me headaches I really hope some one can enlighten me.

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  • ASP.NET GZip Encoding Caveats

    - by Rick Strahl
    GZip encoding in ASP.NET is pretty easy to accomplish using the built-in GZipStream and DeflateStream classes and applying them to the Response.Filter property.  While applying GZip and Deflate behavior is pretty easy there are a few caveats that you have watch out for as I found out today for myself with an application that was throwing up some garbage data. But before looking at caveats let’s review GZip implementation for ASP.NET. ASP.NET GZip/Deflate Basics Response filters basically are applied to the Response.OutputStream and transform it as data is written to it through the ASP.NET Response object. So a Response.Write eventually gets written into the output stream which if a filter is also written through the filter stream’s interface. To perform the actual GZip (and Deflate) encoding typically used by Web pages .NET includes the GZipStream and DeflateStream stream classes which can be readily assigned to the Repsonse.OutputStream. With these two stream classes in place it’s almost trivially easy to create a couple of reusable methods that allow you to compress your HTTP output. In my standard WebUtils utility class (from the West Wind West Wind Web Toolkit) created two static utility methods – IsGZipSupported and GZipEncodePage – that check whether the client supports GZip encoding and then actually encodes the current output (note that although the method includes ‘Page’ in its name this code will work with any ASP.NET output). /// <summary> /// Determines if GZip is supported /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public static bool IsGZipSupported() { string AcceptEncoding = HttpContext.Current.Request.Headers["Accept-Encoding"]; if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(AcceptEncoding) && (AcceptEncoding.Contains("gzip") || AcceptEncoding.Contains("deflate"))) return true; return false; } /// <summary> /// Sets up the current page or handler to use GZip through a Response.Filter /// IMPORTANT: /// You have to call this method before any output is generated! /// </summary> public static void GZipEncodePage() { HttpResponse Response = HttpContext.Current.Response; if (IsGZipSupported()) { string AcceptEncoding = HttpContext.Current.Request.Headers["Accept-Encoding"]; if (AcceptEncoding.Contains("deflate")) { Response.Filter = new System.IO.Compression.DeflateStream(Response.Filter, System.IO.Compression.CompressionMode.Compress); Response.Headers.Remove("Content-Encoding"); Response.AppendHeader("Content-Encoding", "deflate"); } else { Response.Filter = new System.IO.Compression.GZipStream(Response.Filter, System.IO.Compression.CompressionMode.Compress); Response.Headers.Remove("Content-Encoding"); Response.AppendHeader("Content-Encoding", "gzip"); } } } As you can see the actual assignment of the Filter is as simple as: Response.Filter = new DeflateStream(Response.Filter, System.IO.Compression.CompressionMode.Compress); which applies the filter to the OutputStream. You also need to ensure that your response reflects the new GZip or Deflate encoding and ensure that any pages that are cached in Proxy servers can differentiate between pages that were encoded with the various different encodings (or no encoding). To use this utility function now is trivially easy: In any ASP.NET code that wants to compress its Response output you simply use: protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { WebUtils.GZipEncodePage(); Entry = WebLogFactory.GetEntry(); var entries = Entry.GetLastEntries(App.Configuration.ShowEntryCount, "pk,Title,SafeTitle,Body,Entered,Feedback,Location,ShowTopAd", "TEntries"); if (entries == null) throw new ApplicationException("Couldn't load WebLog Entries: " + Entry.ErrorMessage); this.repEntries.DataSource = entries; this.repEntries.DataBind(); } Here I use an ASP.NET page, but the above WebUtils.GZipEncode() method call will work in any ASP.NET application type including HTTP Handlers. The only requirement is that the filter needs to be applied before any other output is sent to the OutputStream. For example, in my CallbackHandler service implementation by default output over a certain size is GZip encoded. The output that is generated is JSON or XML and if the output is over 5k in size I apply WebUtils.GZipEncode(): if (sbOutput.Length > GZIP_ENCODE_TRESHOLD) WebUtils.GZipEncodePage(); Response.ContentType = ControlResources.STR_JsonContentType; HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(sbOutput.ToString()); Ok, so you probably get the idea: Encoding GZip/Deflate content is pretty easy. Hold on there Hoss –Watch your Caching Or is it? There are a few caveats that you need to watch out for when dealing with GZip content. The fist issue is that you need to deal with the fact that some clients don’t support GZip or Deflate content. Most modern browsers support it, but if you have a programmatic Http client accessing your content GZip/Deflate support is by no means guaranteed. For example, WinInet Http clients don’t support GZip out of the box – it has to be explicitly implemented. Other low level HTTP clients on other platforms too don’t support GZip out of the box. The problem is that your application, your Web Server and Proxy Servers on the Internet might be caching your generated content. If you return content with GZip once and then again without, either caching is not applied or worse the wrong type of content is returned back to the client from a cache or proxy. The result is an unreadable response for *some clients* which is also very hard to debug and fix once in production. You already saw the issue of Proxy servers addressed in the GZipEncodePage() function: // Allow proxy servers to cache encoded and unencoded versions separately Response.AppendHeader("Vary", "Content-Encoding"); This ensures that any Proxy servers also check for the Content-Encoding HTTP Header to cache their content – not just the URL. The same thing applies if you do OutputCaching in your own ASP.NET code. If you generate output for GZip on an OutputCached page the GZipped content will be cached (either by ASP.NET’s cache or in some cases by the IIS Kernel Cache). But what if the next client doesn’t support GZip? She’ll get served a cached GZip page that won’t decode and she’ll get a page full of garbage. Wholly undesirable. To fix this you need to add some custom OutputCache rules by way of the GetVaryByCustom() HttpApplication method in your global_ASAX file: public override string GetVaryByCustomString(HttpContext context, string custom) { // Override Caching for compression if (custom == "GZIP") { string acceptEncoding = HttpContext.Current.Response.Headers["Content-Encoding"]; if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(acceptEncoding)) return ""; else if (acceptEncoding.Contains("gzip")) return "GZIP"; else if (acceptEncoding.Contains("deflate")) return "DEFLATE"; return ""; } return base.GetVaryByCustomString(context, custom); } In a page that use Output caching you then specify: <%@ OutputCache Duration="180" VaryByParam="none" VaryByCustom="GZIP" %> To use that custom rule. It’s all Fun and Games until ASP.NET throws an Error Ok, so you’re up and running with GZip, you have your caching squared away and your pages that you are applying it to are jamming along. Then BOOM, something strange happens and you get a lovely garbled page that look like this: Lovely isn’t it? What’s happened here is that I have WebUtils.GZipEncode() applied to my page, but there’s an error in the page. The error falls back to the ASP.NET error handler and the error handler removes all existing output (good) and removes all the custom HTTP headers I’ve set manually (usually good, but very bad here). Since I applied the Response.Filter (via GZipEncode) the output is now GZip encoded, but ASP.NET has removed my Content-Encoding header, so the browser receives the GZip encoded content without a notification that it is encoded as GZip. The result is binary output. Here’s what Fiddler says about the raw HTTP header output when an error occurs when GZip encoding was applied: HTTP/1.1 500 Internal Server Error Cache-Control: private Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Date: Sat, 30 Apr 2011 22:21:08 GMT Content-Length: 2138 Connection: close ?`I?%&/m?{J?J??t??` … binary output striped here Notice: no Content-Encoding header and that’s why we’re seeing this garbage. ASP.NET has stripped the Content-Encoding header but left our filter intact. So how do we fix this? In my applications I typically have a global Application_Error handler set up and in this case I’ve been using that. One thing that you can do in the Application_Error handler is explicitly clear out the Response.Filter and set it to null at the top: protected void Application_Error(object sender, EventArgs e) { // Remove any special filtering especially GZip filtering Response.Filter = null; … } And voila I get my Yellow Screen of Death or my custom generated error output back via uncompressed content. BTW, the same is true for Page level errors handled in Page_Error or ASP.NET MVC Error handling methods in a controller. Another and possibly even better solution is to check whether a filter is attached just before the headers are sent to the client as pointed out by Adam Schroeder in the comments: protected void Application_PreSendRequestHeaders() { // ensure that if GZip/Deflate Encoding is applied that headers are set // also works when error occurs if filters are still active HttpResponse response = HttpContext.Current.Response; if (response.Filter is GZipStream && response.Headers["Content-encoding"] != "gzip") response.AppendHeader("Content-encoding", "gzip"); else if (response.Filter is DeflateStream && response.Headers["Content-encoding"] != "deflate") response.AppendHeader("Content-encoding", "deflate"); } This uses the Application_PreSendRequestHeaders() pipeline event to check for compression encoding in a filter and adjusts the content accordingly. This is actually a better solution since this is generic – it’ll work regardless of how the content is cleaned up. For example, an error Response.Redirect() or short error display might get changed and the filter not cleared and this code actually handles that. Sweet, thanks Adam. It’s unfortunate that ASP.NET doesn’t natively clear out Response.Filters when an error occurs just as it clears the Response and Headers. I can’t see where leaving a Filter in place in an error situation would make any sense, but hey - this is what it is and it’s easy enough to fix as long as you know where to look. Riiiight! IIS and GZip I should also mention that IIS 7 includes good support for compression natively. If you can defer encoding to let IIS perform it for you rather than doing it in your code by all means you should do it! Especially any static or semi-dynamic content that can be made static should be using IIS built-in compression. Dynamic caching is also supported but is a bit more tricky to judge in terms of performance and footprint. John Forsyth has a great article on the benefits and drawbacks of IIS 7 compression which gives some detailed performance comparisons and impact reviews. I’ll post another entry next with some more info on IIS compression since information on it seems to be a bit hard to come by. Related Content Built-in GZip/Deflate Compression in IIS 7.x HttpWebRequest and GZip Responses © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2011Posted in ASP.NET   IIS7  

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  • December release of Microsoft All-In-One Code Framework is available now.

    - by Jialiang
    The code samples in Microsoft All-In-One Code Framework are updated on 2010-12-13. Download address: http://1code.codeplex.com/releases/view/57459#DownloadId=185534 Updated code sample index categorized by technologies: http://1code.codeplex.com/wikipage?title=All-In-One%20Code%20Framework%20Sample%20Catalog (it also allows you to download individual code samples instead of the entire All-In-One Code Framework sample package.) If it’s the first time that you hear about Microsoft All-In-One Code Framework, please watch the introduction video on YouTube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cO5Li3APU58, or read the introduction on our homepage http://1code.codeplex.com/,  and this Port25 article http://port25.technet.com/archive/2010/01/18/the-all-in-one-code-framework.aspx.  -------------- New ASP.NET Code Samples VBASPNETAJAXWebChat and CSASPNETAJAXWebChat Most of you have some experience in chatting with friends on the web. So you may want to know how to make a web chat application, it seems to be quite complicated. But ASP.NET gives you the power to buiild a chat room easily. In this code sample, we will construct our own web chat room with the amazing AJAX feature. The principle is simple relatively. As we all know, a base chat application need 4 base controls: one List control to show the chat room members, one List control to show the message list, one TextBox control to input messages and one button to send message. User inputs his message in the textbox first and then presses Send button, it will send the message to the server. The message list will update every 2 seconds to get the newest message list in the chat room from the server. We need to know, it is hard for us to make an AJAX web chat application like a windows form application because we cannot keep the connection after one web request ended. So a lot of events which communicates between client side and server side cannot be realized. The common workaround is to make web requests in every some seconds to check whether the server side has been updated. But another technique called COMET makes it possible. But it is different with AJAX and will not be talked in details in this KB. For more details about COMET, we can get some clues from the Reference.   CSASPNETCurrentOnlineUserList and VBASPNETCurrentOnlineUserList This sample demos a system that needs to display a list of current online users' information. As a matter of fact, Membership.GetNumberOfUsersOnline Method  can get the number of online users and there is a convenient approach to check whether the user is online by using Membership.GetUser(string userName).IsOnline property,however many asp.net projects are not using membership.So in this case,the sample shows how to display a list of current online users' information without using membership provider. It is not difficult to check whether the user is online by using session.Many projects tend to be used “Session_End” event to mark a user as “Offline”,however ,it may not be a good idea,because it can’t detect the user status accurately. In addition, "Session_End" event is only available in the "InProc" session mode. If you are storing session states in the State Server or SQL Server, "Session_End" event will never fire. To handle this issue, we need to save the user online status to a  global DataTable or  DataBase. In the sample application, define a global DataTable to store the information of online users.Use XmlHttpRequest in the pages to update and check user's last active time at intervals and also retrieve information on how many users are still online. The sample project can auto delete offline users' information from a global DataTable by checking users’ last active time. A step-by-step guide illustrating how to display a list of current online users' information without using membership provider: 1. Login page. Let user sign in and add current user’s information to a global datatable while Initialize the global datatable which used to store information of current online users. 2. Current online user list page. Use XmlHttpRequest in this page to update and check user's last active time at intervals and also retrieve information on how many users are still online. 3. If user closes the page without clicking  the sign out link button ,the sample project can auto mark the user as offline and delete offline users' information from a global DataTable which used to store information of current online users  by checking users’ last active time. Then the current online user list will be like this:   CSASPNETIPtoLocation This sample demonstrates how to find the geographical location from an IP address. As we know, it is not hard for us to get the IP address of visitors via Request.ServerVariable property, but it is really difficult for us to know where they come from. To achieve this feature, the sample uses a free third party web service from http://freegeoip.appspot.com/, which returns the information about an IP address we send to the server in the format of XML, JSON or CSV. It makes all things easier.   CSASPNETBackgroundWorker Sometimes we do an operation which needs long time to complete. It will stop the response and the page is blank until the operation finished. In this case, we want the operation to run in the background, and in the page, we want to display the progress of the running operation. Therefore, the user can know the operation is running and can know the progress. CSASPNETInheritingFromTreeNode In windows forms TreeView, each tree node has a property called "Tag" which can be used to store a custom object. Many customers want to implement the same tag feature in ASP.NET TreeView. This project creates a custom TreeView control named "CustomTreeView" to achieve this goal. CSASPNETRemoteUploadAndDownload and VBASPNETRemoteUploadAndDownload This code sample was created in response to a code sample request in our new code sample request frunction for customers. The code samples demonstrate uploading files to and downloading files from a remote HTTP or FTP server. In .NET Framework 2.0 and higher versions, there are some lightweight class libraries which support HTTP and FTP protocol transmission. By using these classes, we can achieve this programming requirement.   CSASPNETImageEditUpload and VBASPNETImageEditUpload This demo will shows how to insert, edit and update a common image with the type of "jpg", "png", "gif" or "bmp" . We mainly use two different SqlDataSources with the same database to bind to GridView and FormView in order to establish the “cascading” effort. Besides we apply our self-made ImageHanlder to encoding or decoding images of different types, and use context to output the stream of images. We will explicitly assign the binary streams of images through the event of “FormView_ItemInserting” or “Form_ItemUpdating” to synchronize the stream both in what we can see on an aspx page as well as in what’s really stored in the database.   WebBrowser Control, Network and other Windows General New Code Samples   CSWebBrowserSuppressError and VBWebBrowserSuppressError The sample demonstrates how to make WebBrowser suppress errors, such as script error, navigation error and so on.   CSWebBrowserWithProxy and VBWebBrowserWithProxy The sample demonstrates how to make WebBrowser use a proxy server.   CSWebDownloadProgress and VBWebDownloadProgress The sample demonstrates how to show progress during the download. It also supplies the features to Start, Pause, Resume and Cancel a download.   CppSetDesktopWallpaper, CSSetDesktopWallpaper and VBSetDesktopWallpaper This code sample application allows you select an image, view a preview (resized smaller to fit if necessary), select a display style among Tile, Center, Stretch, Fit (Windows 7 and later) and Fill (Windows 7 and later), and set the image as the Desktop wallpaper. CSWindowsServiceRecoveryProperty and VBWindowsServiceRecoveryProperty CSWindowsServiceRecoveryProperty example demonstrates how to use ChangeServiceConfig2 to configure the service "Recovery" properties in C#. This example operates all the options you can see on the service "Recovery" tab, including setting the "Enable actions for stops with errors" option in Windows Vista and later operating systems. This example also include how to grant the shut down privilege to the process, so that we can configure a special option in the "Recovery" tab - "Restart Computer Options...".   New Office Development Code Samples   CSOneNoteRibbonAddIn and VBOneNoteRibbonAddIn The code sample demonstrates a OneNote 2010 COM add-in that implements IDTExtensibility2. The add-in also supports customizing the Ribbon by implementing the IRibbonExtensibility interface. It is a skeleton OneNote add-in that developers can extend it to implement more functions. The code sample was requested by a customer in our code sample request service. We expect that this could help developers in the community.   New Windows Shell Code Samples   CppShellExtPreviewHandler, CSShellExtPreviewHandler and VBShellExtPreviewHandler In the past two months, we released the code samples of Windows Context Menu Handler, Infotip Handler, and Thumbnail Handler. This is the fourth part of the shell extension series: Preview Handler. The code samples demo the C++, C# and VB.NET implementation of a preview handler for a new file type registered with the .recipe extension. Preview handlers are called when an item is selected to show a lightweight, rich, read-only preview of the file's contents in the view's reading pane. This is done without launching the file's associated application. Windows Vista and later operating systems support preview handlers. To be a valid preview handler, several interfaces must be implemented. This includes IPreviewHandler (shobjidl.h); IInitializeWithFile, IInitializeWithStream, or IInitializeWithItem (propsys.h); IObjectWithSite (ocidl.h); and IOleWindow (oleidl.h). There are also optional interfaces, such as IPreviewHandlerVisuals (shobjidl.h), that a preview handler can implement to provide extended support. Windows API Code Pack for Microsoft .NET Framework makes the implementation of these interfaces very easy in .NET. The example preview handler provides previews for .recipe files. The .recipe file type is simply an XML file registered as a unique file name extension. It includes the title of the recipe, its author, difficulty, preparation time, cook time, nutrition information, comments, an embedded preview image, and so on. The preview handler extracts the title, comments, and the embedded image, and display them in a preview window.   In response to many customers' request, we added setup projects in every shell extension samples in this release. Those setup projects allow you to deploy the shell extensions to your end users' machines. ---------- Download address: http://1code.codeplex.com/releases/view/57459#DownloadId=185534 Updated code sample index categorized by technologies: http://1code.codeplex.com/wikipage?title=All-In-One%20Code%20Framework%20Sample%20Catalog (it also allows you to download individual code samples instead of the entire All-In-One Code Framework sample package.) If you have any feedback for us, please email: [email protected]. We look forward to your comments.

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  • Front-end structure of large scale Django project

    - by Saike
    Few days ago, I started to work in new company. Before me, all front-end and backend code was written by one man (oh my...). As you know, Django app contains two main directories for front-end: /static - for static(public) files and /templates - for django templates Now, we have large application with more than 10 different modules like: home, admin, spanel, mobile etc. This is current structure of files and directories: FIRST - /static directory. As u can see, it is mixed directories with some named like modules, some contains global libs. one more: SECOND - /templates directory. Some directories named like module with mixed templates, some depends on new version =), some used only in module, but placed globally. and more: I think, that this is ugly, non-maintable, put-in-stress structure! After some time spend, i suggest to use this scheme, that based on module-structure. At first, we have version directories, used for save full project backup, includes: /DEPRECATED directory - for old, unused files and /CURRENT (Active) directory, that contains production version of project. I think it's right, because we can access to older or newer version files fast and easy. Also, we are saved from broken or wrong dependencies between different versions. Second, in every version we have standalone modules and global module. Every module contains own /static and /templates directories. This structure used to avoid broken or wrong dependencies between different modules, because every module has own js app, css tables and local images. Global module contains all libraries, main stylesheets and images like logos or favicon. I think, this structure is much better to maintain, update, refactoring etc. My question is: How do you think, is this scheme better than current? Can this scheme live, or it is not possible to implement this in Django app?

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  • Trust: A New Line of Business

    - by ruth.donohue
    What do you think are the key factors in building and maintaining your company's reputation... Innovation? Price? Surprisingly, according to the recent 2010 Edelman Trust Barometer, survey respondents in the US valued transparency of business practices as well as company trustworthiness as the two most important factors influencing corporate reputation. What is trust? It's the confidence in a company's ability to do what is right for all its stakeholders -- shareholders, customers, employees, and the broader society at large -- and not just shareholders. Trust is an increasingly important component to maintaining your company's reputation and brand, and Western countries have seen an increase in global trust. Global businesses headquartered in the United States in particular have seen an 18 point boost to 54 percent in global trust. Whether this uptick represents the start of a new trend or a mere blip in the barometer remains to be seen. The Edelman report notes that the increase is "tenuous" as people expect companies to return to "business as usual" after the economy rebounds. This warning underscores the need for companies to continue engaging in open and frequent communications and business practices with its stakeholders across multiple channels and view trust as a "new line of business" to cultivate.

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  • Is recursion really bad?

    - by dotneteer
    After my previous post about the stack space, it appears that there is perception from the feedback that recursion is bad and we should avoid deep recursion. After writing a compiler, I know that the modern computer and compiler are complex enough and one cannot automatically assume that a hand crafted code would out-perform the compiler optimization. The only way is to do some prototype to find out. So why recursive code may not perform as well? Compilers place frames on a stack. In additional to arguments and local variables, compiles also need to place frame and program pointers on the frame, resulting in overheads. So why hand-crafted code may not performance as well? The stack used by a compiler is a simpler data structure and can grow and shrink cleanly. To replace recursion with out own stack, our stack is allocated in the heap that is far more complicated to manage. There could be overhead as well if the compiler needs to mark objects for garbage collection. Compiler also needs to worry about the memory fragmentation. Then there is additional complexity: CPUs have registers and multiple levels of cache. Register access is a few times faster than in-CPU cache access and is a few 10s times than on-board memory access. So it is up to the OS and compiler to maximize the use of register and in-CPU cache. For my particular problem, I did an experiment to rewrite my c# version of recursive code with a loop and stack approach. So here are the outcomes of the two approaches:   Recursive call Loop and Stack Lines of code for the algorithm 17 46 Speed Baseline 3% faster Readability Clean Far more complex So at the end, I was able to achieve 3% better performance with other drawbacks. My message is never assuming your sophisticated approach would automatically work out better than a simpler approach with a modern computer and compiler. Gage carefully before committing to a more complex approach.

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  • MVC Automatic Menu

    - by Nuri Halperin
    An ex-colleague of mine used to call his SQL script generator "Super-Scriptmatic 2000". It impressed our then boss little, but was fun to say and use. We called every batch job and script "something 2000" from that day on. I'm tempted to call this one Menu-Matic 2000, except it's waaaay past 2000. Oh well. The problem: I'm developing a bunch of stuff in MVC. There's no PM to generate mounds of requirements and there's no Ux Architect to create wireframe. During development, things change. Specifically, actions get renamed, moved from controller x to y etc. Well, as the site grows, it becomes a major pain to keep a static menu up to date, because the links change. The HtmlHelper doesn't live up to it's name and provides little help. How do I keep this growing list of pesky little forgotten actions reigned in? The general plan is: Decorate every action you want as a menu item with a custom attribute Reflect out all menu items into a structure at load time Render the menu using as CSS  friendly <ul><li> HTML. The MvcMenuItemAttribute decorates an action, designating it to be included as a menu item: [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Method, AllowMultiple = true)] public class MvcMenuItemAttribute : Attribute {   public string MenuText { get; set; }   public int Order { get; set; }   public string ParentLink { get; set; }   internal string Controller { get; set; }   internal string Action { get; set; }     #region ctor   public MvcMenuItemAttribute(string menuText) : this(menuText, 0) { } public MvcMenuItemAttribute(string menuText, int order) { MenuText = menuText; Order = order; }       internal string Link { get { return string.Format("/{0}/{1}", Controller, this.Action); } }   internal MvcMenuItemAttribute ParentItem { get; set; } #endregion } The MenuText allows overriding the text displayed on the menu. The Order allows the items to be ordered. The ParentLink allows you to make this item a child of another menu item. An example action could then be decorated thusly: [MvcMenuItem("Tracks", Order = 20, ParentLink = "/Session/Index")] . All pretty straightforward methinks. The challenge with menu hierarchy becomes fairly apparent when you try to render a menu and highlight the "current" item or render a breadcrumb control. Both encounter an  ambiguity if you allow a data source to have more than one menu item with the same URL link. The issue is that there is no great way to tell which link a person click. Using referring URL will fail if a user bookmarked the page. Using some extra query string to disambiguate duplicate URLs essentially changes the links, and also ads a chance of collision with other query parameters. Besides, that smells. The stock ASP.Net sitemap provider simply disallows duplicate URLS. I decided not to, and simply pick the first one encountered as the "current". Although it doesn't solve the issue completely – one might say they wanted the second of the 2 links to be "current"- it allows one to include a link twice (home->deals and products->deals etc), and the logic of deciding "current" is easy enough to explain to the customer. Now that we got that out of the way, let's build the menu data structure: public static List<MvcMenuItemAttribute> ListMenuItems(Assembly assembly) { var result = new List<MvcMenuItemAttribute>(); foreach (var type in assembly.GetTypes()) { if (!type.IsSubclassOf(typeof(Controller))) { continue; } foreach (var method in type.GetMethods()) { var items = method.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(MvcMenuItemAttribute), false) as MvcMenuItemAttribute[]; if (items == null) { continue; } foreach (var item in items) { if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(item.Controller)) { item.Controller = type.Name.Substring(0, type.Name.Length - "Controller".Length); } if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(item.Action)) { item.Action = method.Name; } result.Add(item); } } } return result.OrderBy(i => i.Order).ToList(); } Using reflection, the ListMenuItems method takes an assembly (you will hand it your MVC web assembly) and generates a list of menu items. It digs up all the types, and for each one that is an MVC Controller, digs up the methods. Methods decorated with the MvcMenuItemAttribute get plucked and added to the output list. Again, pretty simple. To make the structure hierarchical, a LINQ expression matches up all the items to their parent: public static void RegisterMenuItems(List<MvcMenuItemAttribute> items) { _MenuItems = items; _MenuItems.ForEach(i => i.ParentItem = items.FirstOrDefault(p => String.Equals(p.Link, i.ParentLink, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))); } The _MenuItems is simply an internal list to keep things around for later rendering. Finally, to package the menu building for easy consumption: public static void RegisterMenuItems(Type mvcApplicationType) { RegisterMenuItems(ListMenuItems(Assembly.GetAssembly(mvcApplicationType))); } To bring this puppy home, a call in Global.asax.cs Application_Start() registers the menu. Notice the ugliness of reflection is tucked away from the innocent developer. All they have to do is call the RegisterMenuItems() and pass in the type of the application. When you use the new project template, global.asax declares a class public class MvcApplication : HttpApplication and that is why the Register call passes in that type. protected void Application_Start() { AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas(); RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);   MvcMenu.RegisterMenuItems(typeof(MvcApplication)); }   What else is left to do? Oh, right, render! public static void ShowMenu(this TextWriter output) { var writer = new HtmlTextWriter(output);   renderHierarchy(writer, _MenuItems, null); }   public static void ShowBreadCrumb(this TextWriter output, Uri currentUri) { var writer = new HtmlTextWriter(output); string currentLink = "/" + currentUri.GetComponents(UriComponents.Path, UriFormat.Unescaped);   var menuItem = _MenuItems.FirstOrDefault(m => m.Link.Equals(currentLink, StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)); if (menuItem != null) { renderBreadCrumb(writer, _MenuItems, menuItem); } }   private static void renderBreadCrumb(HtmlTextWriter writer, List<MvcMenuItemAttribute> menuItems, MvcMenuItemAttribute current) { if (current == null) { return; } var parent = current.ParentItem; renderBreadCrumb(writer, menuItems, parent); writer.Write(current.MenuText); writer.Write(" / ");   }     static void renderHierarchy(HtmlTextWriter writer, List<MvcMenuItemAttribute> hierarchy, MvcMenuItemAttribute root) { if (!hierarchy.Any(i => i.ParentItem == root)) return;   writer.RenderBeginTag(HtmlTextWriterTag.Ul); foreach (var current in hierarchy.Where(element => element.ParentItem == root).OrderBy(i => i.Order)) { if (ItemFilter == null || ItemFilter(current)) {   writer.RenderBeginTag(HtmlTextWriterTag.Li); writer.AddAttribute(HtmlTextWriterAttribute.Href, current.Link); writer.AddAttribute(HtmlTextWriterAttribute.Alt, current.MenuText); writer.RenderBeginTag(HtmlTextWriterTag.A); writer.WriteEncodedText(current.MenuText); writer.RenderEndTag(); // link renderHierarchy(writer, hierarchy, current); writer.RenderEndTag(); // li } } writer.RenderEndTag(); // ul } The ShowMenu method renders the menu out to the provided TextWriter. In previous posts I've discussed my partiality to using well debugged, time test HtmlTextWriter to render HTML rather than writing out angled brackets by hand. In addition, writing out using the actual writer on the actual stream rather than generating string and byte intermediaries (yes, StringBuilder being no exception) disturbs me. To carry out the rendering of an hierarchical menu, the recursive renderHierarchy() is used. You may notice that an ItemFilter is called before rendering each item. I figured that at some point one might want to exclude certain items from the menu based on security role or context or something. That delegate is the hook for such future feature. To carry out rendering of a breadcrumb recursion is used again, this time simply to unwind the parent hierarchy from the leaf node, then rendering on the return from the recursion rather than as we go along deeper. I guess I was stuck in LISP that day.. recursion is fun though.   Now all that is left is some usage! Open your Site.Master or wherever you'd like to place a menu or breadcrumb, and plant one of these calls: <% MvcMenu.ShowBreadCrumb(this.Writer, Request.Url); %> to show a breadcrumb trail (notice lack of "=" after <% and the semicolon). <% MvcMenu.ShowMenu(Writer); %> to show the menu.   As mentioned before, the HTML output is nested <UL> <LI> tags, which should make it easy to style using abundant CSS to produce anything from static horizontal or vertical to dynamic drop-downs.   This has been quite a fun little implementation and I was pleased that the code size remained low. The main crux was figuring out how to pass parent information from the attribute to the hierarchy builder because attributes have restricted parameter types. Once I settled on that implementation, the rest falls into place quite easily.

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