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  • OOW 2012 Tuesday: Hands-On Introduction to Integration and Oracle SOA Suite 11g

    - by Simone Geib
    This year's SOA Suite hands on lab offers three different options, dependant on your level of expertise and interest. If you're new to SOA Suite, you should pick option 1 and learn how to build a SOA composite from the ground up, including a BPEL process, adapters, business rules and human task. The end result will be a purchase order process to be deployed through JDeveloper and tested in Enterprise Manager Fusion Middleware Control. If you're already experienced in SOA Suite, lab option 2 walks you through setting up the components that will allow you to utilize continuous integration with your SOA Suite 11g development projects. For those who want to learn more about security in the context of SOA Suite, option 3 shows you how to secure WebLogic services and SOA composites using Oracle Web Services Manager (OWSM). Hope to see you there! Session ID: HOL9989Session Title: Hands-On Introduction to Integration and Oracle SOA Suite 11gVenue / Room: Marriott Marquis - Salon 3/4Date and Time: 10/2/12, 11:45 - 12:45

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  • XBRL - Moving from Production to Consumption

    - by jmorourke
    Here's an update on what’s new with XBRL and how it can actually benefit your organization versus adding extra time and costs to financial reporting.  On February 29th (leap day) of 2012 I attended the XBRL and Financial Analysis Technology Conference at Baruch College in NYC.  The event, which attracted over 300 XBRL gurus and fans was presented by XBRL US, The New York Society of Security Analysts’ Improved Corporate Reporting Committee, and Baruch College’s Robert Zicklin Center for Corporate Integrity.  The event featured keynotes from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), and the CFA Institute as well as panels covering alternative research tools and data, corporate reporting to stakeholders and a demonstration of XBRL analysis tools.  The program culminated in a presentation of the finalists and the winner of the $20,000 XBRL Challenge.    Some of the key points made in the sessions included: The focus of XBRL tools is moving from production to consumption. As of February 2012, over 9000 companies are reporting in XBRL, with over 10 million facts filed to date XBRL taxonomy extensions have dropped from 27% to 11% making comparisons easier The SEC reports that XBRL makes it easier to analyze disclosures, focus on accounting issues XBRL is helping standards-setters like the FASB speed their analysis of impacts of proposed accounting rule changes Companies like Thomson Reuters report that XBRL is helping speed the delivery of data to clients The most interesting part of the program though, was the session highlighting the 5 finalists in the XBRL Challenge competition and the winning solution.  The XBRL Challenge was launched in 2011 as a means of spurring the development of more end-user tools to help with the consumption of XBRL-based financial information.       Over an 8-month process handled by 5 judges, there were 84 registrants, 15 completed submissions, 5 finalists and one winner of the challenge.  All of the solutions are open-sourced tools and most of them focus on consuming XBRL-based data.  The 5 finalists included: Advanced XBRL Processing from Oxide solutions – XBRL viewer for taxonomies, filings and company data with peer comparison capabilities. Arrelle – API for XBRL processes, supports SEC Validations, RSS Feeds to access filings etc. Calcbench – XBRL data analysis tool that can be embedded in other web applications.  This tool can combine XBRL filings with real-time market data. XBRL to XL – allows the importing of XBRL data into Microsoft Excel for analysis, comparisons.  Users start on the web and populate Excel with XBRL data. XBurble – allows users to search and view XBRL filings, export to Excel, merge for comparison, and includes a workflow interface. The winner of the $20,000 XBRL Challenge prize was CalcBench.  More information about the XBRL Challenge and the finalists can be found at www.XBRLUS.org/challenge XBRL for Sustainability Reporting – other recent news on the XBRL front was the announcement by the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) of an XBRL taxonomy for Sustainability Reporting.  This taxonomy was co-developed by the GRI and Deloitte and is designed to make the consumption of data found in Sustainability Reports much easier.  Although there is no government mandate to file Sustainability Reports in XBRL format, organizations that do use the GRI guidelines for Sustainability Reporting are encouraged to tag and submit their data voluntarily to the GRI – who will populate a database with Sustainability Reporting data and make this available to the public.  For more information about this initiative, you can go to the GRI web site:  www.globalreporting.org. So how does all of this benefit corporate filers and investors?  Since its introduction, the consensus in the market is that XBRL has mainly benefited the regulators and investment analysts who need to consume and analyze large volumes of financial data.  But with the emergence of more end-user tools for consuming and analyzing XBRL-based data, and the ability to perform quick comparisons of one company versus its peers and competitors in an industry group, will soon accelerate the benefits to corporate finance staff, as well as individual investors.  This could apply to financial results tagged in XBRL, as well as non-financial information such as Sustainability Reporting – which over the long-term will likely be integrated with financial reporting.   And as multiple regulators and agencies in a country adopt the XBRL standard for corporate filings, more benefits will accrue as companies will be able to leverage one set of XBRL-based financial data for multiple regulatory filings.     For more information about the latest developments in XBRL, check out the XBRL US or XBRL International web sites:  www.xbrl.org, www.xbrlus.org. For more information about what Oracle is doing to support XBRL, here are some links: http://www.oracle.com/us/solutions/ent-performance-bi/disclosure-management-065892.html http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/xmldb/index-087631.html Feel free to contact me if you have any questions or need more information:  [email protected]

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  • Resizing my linux partition

    - by de1337ed
    So, I was getting rid of my openSUSE to install lubuntu. In the process, I didn't manage my hard drive partitions well enough and as a result, I lost my windows 7 partition. I got over the loss, and formatted my entire hard drive by install lubuntu over all the space. (I tried first installing windows 7, but I kept getting some weird errors during the partitioning process). I was wondering now if I could resize my lubuntu partition so I can install windows 7 again. Here is a gparted screenshot: Can anyone help me out? I have all my Linux disks and my windows disks. Thank you.

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  • failed to get i915 symbols, graphics turbo disabled error on boot

    - by Gaurav Butola
    Whenever I boot my laptop, I see this message and it makes the boot process very slow as my screen stays black for a long time before this message appears. It shows just for a split second but today It got worst when my system couldn't boot and stuck on this error, I did several reboots but still couldn't pass this boot error message, then after sometime it fixed itself and now I can use my system as normal. I didn't pay much attention to the error when It was there for just a split second and making my boot process slow, but now that it has stopped me from booting into my system, I would like to know why this error occurring. Error-- ...failed to get i915 symbols, graphics turbo disabled....

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  • How exactly does XNA's SpriteBatch work?

    - by David Gouveia
    To be more precise, if I needed to recreate this functionality from scratch in another API (e.g. in OpenGL) what would it need to be capable of doing? I do have a general idea of some of the steps, such as how it prepares an orthographic projection matrix and creates a quad for each draw call. I'm not too familiar, however, with the batching process itself. Are all quads stored in the same vertex buffer? Does it need an index buffer? How are different textures handled? If possible I'd be grateful if you could guide me through the process from when SpriteBatch.Begin() is called until SpriteBatch.End(), at least when using the default Deferred mode.

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  • OBI already has a caching mechanism in presentation layer and BI server layer. How is the new in-memory caching better for performance?

    - by Varun
    Question: OBI already has a caching mechanism in presentation layer and BI server layer. How is the new in-memory caching better for performance? Answer: OBI Caching only speeds up what has been seen before. An In-memory data structure generated by the summary advisor is optimized to provide maximum value by accounting for the expected broad usage and drilldowns. It is possible to adapt the in-memory data to seasonality by running the summary advisor on specific workloads. Moreover, the in-memory data is created in an analytic database providing maximum performance for the large amount of memory available.

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  • What are the processes of true Quality assurance?

    - by user970696
    Having read that Quality Assurance (QA) is focused on processes (while Quality Control (QC) is focused on the product), the books often mentions QA is the verification process - doing peer reviews, inspections etc. I still tend to think these are also QC as they check intermediate products. Elsewhere I have read that QA activity is e.g. choosing the right bugtracker. That sounds better to me in terms of process improvement. The question that close-voting person obviously missed is pretty clear: What are the activities that true QA should perform? I would appreciate the reference as I work on my thesis dealing with all these discrepancies and inconsistencies in the software quality world.

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  • Interconnect nodes in a Java distributed infrastructure for tweet processing

    - by David Moreno García
    I'm working in a new version of an old project that I used to download and process user statuses from Twitter. The main problem of that project was its infrastructure. I used multiple instances of a java application (trackers) to download from Twitter given an specific task (basically terms to search for), connected with a central node (a web application) that had to process all tweets once per day and generate a new task for each trackers once each 15 minutes. The central node also had to monitor all trackers and enable/disable them under user petition. This, as I said, was too slow because I had multiple bottlenecks, so in this new version I want to improve the infrastructure and isolate all functionalities in specific nodes. I also need a good notification system to receive notifications for any node. So, in the next diagram I show the components that I'll need in this new version: As you can see, there are more nodes. Here are some notes about them: Dashboard: Controls trackers statuses and send a single task to each of them (under user request). The trackers will use this task until replaced with a new one (if done, not each 15 minutes like before). Search engine: I need to store all the tweets. They are firstly stored in a local database for each tracker but after that I'm thinking on using something like Elasticsearch to be able to do fast searches. Tweet processor: Just and isolated component with its own database (maybe something like the search engine to have fast access to info generated by the module). In the future more could be added. Application UI: A web application with a shared database with the Dashboard (mainly to store users information and preferences). Indeed, both could be merged into a single web. The main difference with the previous version of the project is that now they will be isolated and they will only show information and send requests. I will not do any heavy task in them (like process tweets as I did before). So, having this components, my main headache is how to structure all to not have to rewrite a lot of code every time I need to access any new data. Another headache is how can I interconnect nodes. I could use sockets but that is a pain in the ass. Maybe a REST layer? And finally, if all the nodes are isolated, how could I generate notifications for each user which info is only in the database used by the Application UI? I'm programming this using Java and Spring (at least I used them in the last version) but I have no problems with changing the language if I can take advantage of a tool/library/engine to make my life easier and have a better platform. Any comment will be appreciated.

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  • How do you track bugs in your personal projects?

    - by bedwyr
    I'm trying to decide if I need to reassess my defect-tracking process for my home-grown projects. For the last several years, I really just track defects using TODO tags in the code, and keeping track of them in a specific view (I use Eclipse, which has a decent tagging system). Unfortunately, I'm starting to wonder if this system is unsustainable. The defects I find are typically associated with a snippet of code I'm working on; bugs which are not immediately understood tend to be forgotten, or ignored. I wrote an application for my wife which has had a severe defect for almost 9 months, and I keep forgetting to fix it. What mechanism do you use to track defects in your personal projects? Do you have a specific system, or a process for prioritizing and managing them?

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  • AJI Software is now a Microsoft Gold Application Lifecycle Management (ALM) Partner

    - by Jeff Julian
    Our team at AJI Software has been hard at work over the past year on certifications and projects that has allowed us to reach Gold Partner status in the Microsoft Partner Program.  We have focused on providing services that not only assist in custom software development, but process analysis and mentoring.  I definitely want to thank each one of our team members for all their work.  We are currently the only Microsoft Gold ALM Partner for a 500 mile radius around Kansas City. If you or your team is in need of assistance with Team Foundation Server, Agile Processes, Scrum Mentoring, or just a process/team assessment, please feel free to give us a call.  We also have practices focused on SharePoint, Mobile development (iOS, Android, Windows Mobile), and custom software development with .NET.  Technorati Tags: Gold Partner,ALM,Scrum,TFS,AJI Software

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  • The Art of Motion Capture [Video]

    - by Jason Fitzpatrick
    Motion capture is the process of using cameras and actors wearing special suits in order to build realistic and fluid foundations for CGI characters. Watch this informative video to see how the process works. Courtesy of the video series Good Job, a series focused on interesting jobs within the film and video game industry, we see how martial artists wearing special suits dotted with LEDs generate the basic framework for the fighters in the popular video game series Tekken. [via Neatorama] HTG Explains: Why Linux Doesn’t Need Defragmenting How to Convert News Feeds to Ebooks with Calibre How To Customize Your Wallpaper with Google Image Searches, RSS Feeds, and More

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  • Deploying a very simple application

    - by vanna
    I have a very simple working console application written in C++ linked with a light static library. It is just for testing purposes. Now that the coding part is done, I would like to know the process of actually deploying the program. I wrote a very basic CMakeLists.txt that create makefiles or VS projects to build the sources. I also have a program that calls the static library in order to make some google tests. To me, the distribution of this application goes like this : to developpers : the src directory with the CMakeLists.txt file (multi-platform distribution) with a README.txt and an INSTALL.txt to users : the executable and a README.txt git repo : everything mentionned above plus the sources for testing and the gtest external lib A this point : considering the complexity of my application, am I doing it right ? Is there any reference that would formalize this deployment process so I can get better and go further ? Say I would like to add dynamic libraries that can be updated, external libraries like boost : how should I package this to deploy it in a professionnal way ?

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  • Database unit testing is now available for SSDT

    - by jamiet
    Good news was announced yesterday for those that are using SSDT and want to write unit tests, unit testing functionality is now available. The announcement was made on the SSDT team blog in post Available Today: SSDT—December 2012. Here are a few thoughts about this news. Firstly, there seems to be a general impression that database unit testing was not previously available for SSDT – that’s not entirely true. Database unit testing was most recently delivered in Visual Studio 2010 and any database unit tests written therein work perfectly well against SQL Server databases created using SSDT (why wouldn’t they – its just a database after all). In other words, if you’re running SSDT inside Visual Studio 2010 then you could carry on freely writing database unit tests; some of the tight integration between the two (e.g. right-click on an object in SQL Server Object Explorer and choose to create a unit test) was not there – but I’ve never found that to be a problem. I am currently working on a project that uses SSDT for database development and have been happily running VS2010 database unit tests for a few months now. All that being said, delivery of database unit testing for SSDT is now with us and that is good news, not least because we now have the ability to create unit tests in VS2012. We also get tight integration with SSDT itself, the like of which I mentioned above. Having now had a look at the new features I was delighted to find that one of my big complaints about database unit testing has been solved. As I reported here on Connect a refactor operation would cause unit test code to get completely mangled. See here the before and after from such an operation: SELECT    * FROM    bi.ProcessMessageLog pml INNER JOIN bi.[LogMessageType] lmt     ON    pml.[LogMessageTypeId] = lmt.[LogMessageTypeId] WHERE    pml.[LogMessage] = 'Ski[LogMessageTypeName]of message: IApplicationCanceled' AND        lmt.[LogMessageType] = 'Warning'; which is obviously not ideal. Thankfully that seems to have been solved with this latest release. One disappointment about this new release is that the process for running tests as part of a CI build has not changed from the horrendously complicated process required previously. Check out my blog post Setting up database unit testing as part of a Continuous Integration build process [VS2010 DB Tools - Datadude] for instructions on how to do it. In that blog post I describe it as “fiddly” – I was being kind when I said that! @Jamiet

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  • update-apt-xapian-index uses 100% CPU, even when Update Manager is set to not check for updates

    - by Dave M G
    I have a slightly older laptop running Ubuntu 11.10. It runs fine, but frequently, when I start it up, the CPU monitor in my Gnome Panel shows 100% usage for for what can be up to five minutes or so. It seems that the offending process is update-apt-xapian-index, which, if I understand correctly, is the update manager checking for updates. I have gone into the update manager settings, and selected to never check for updates. I'll do that manually when I feel like I have the time to leave the laptop running for that. However, despite my selection, this still happens. Roughly 50% of the time or more, when I start my laptop, it runs update-apt-xapian-index. How can I get the update manager to respect my settings, or at least to get this process to stop eating my CPU cycles?

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  • CRM Goes to School, Supports Enrollment Growth

    - by Tony Berk
    At Post University in Waterbury, CT, the focus is on the student. Generally, the first interaction from a potential student is a lead, which can come from a variety of sources. Any delay in following up with the interested student (the lead) affects the conversion success rate, i.e., the likelihood of enrollment. By implementing Oracle CRM On Demand, Post University automated the admissions process so the admissions counselors are in direct contact with the students and eliminated many manual steps. The admissions and marketing teams, as well as the students, benefit from the new streamlined process. Up next, Post University, plans to increase the efficiency of the student retention processes with the expansion of Oracle CRM On Demand. Take a look at the video to learn more about Post University's Oracle CRM On Demand implementation: Congrats to Post University, and Apex IT, their implementation partner, on the successful implementation!

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  • How to setup passwordless SSH access for root user

    - by Cerin
    I need to configure a machine so software installation can be automated remotely via SSH. Following the wiki, I was able to setup SSH keys so my user can access the machine without a password, but I still need to manually enter my password when I use sudo, which obviously an automated process shouldn't have to do. Although my /etc/ssh/sshd_config has PermitRootLogin yes, I can't seem to be able to login as root, presumably because it's not a "real" account with a separate password. How do I configure SSH keys, so a process can remotely login as root on Ubuntu?

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  • 2 New Resources Added to IT Strategies from Oracle Library

    - by Bob Rhubart
    IT Strategies from Oracle, an authorized library of guidelines and reference architectures, has just been updated to include two new documents: A Pragmatic Approach to Cloud Adoption For enterprises that seek to transform their own IT capabilities and avoid adverse disruption in the process, a structured and pragmatic approach to Cloud computing is required. This practitioner guide details a framework that can be used within any organization for developing such an approach to Cloud adoption. Oracle's Approach to Cloud Successful adoption of Cloud computing requires the definition of an approach that aligns with business drivers and operational capabilities. This is why Oracle has developed a pragmatic approach, based on experience with numerous companies, to help customers successfully adopt Cloud. This data sheet provides an executive overview of Oracle's proven approach to Cloud. These two new resources join a collection of dozens of documents covering Service-Oriented Architecture, Event-Driven Architecture, Business Process Management, and Cloud Computing. Registration is required to access the material, but it's all free.

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  • How to Implement a Parallel Workflow

    - by Paul
    I'm trying to implement a parallel split task using a workflow system. I'm using .NET but my process is very simple and I don't want to use WF or anything heavy like that. I've tried using Stateless. So far is was easy to set up and run, but I may be using the wrong tool for the job because I'm not sure how you're supposed to model parallel split workflows, where you have multiple sub-tasks required before you can advance to the next state, but the steps don't require being performed in any particular order. I can easily use the dynamic configuration options to check my data model manually to see if the model is in the correct state (all sub-tasks completed) and can transition to the next state, but this seems to completely break the workflow paradigm. What is the proper, orthodox way to implement a parallel split process? Thanks

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  • The Other Side of XBRL

    - by john.orourke(at)oracle.com
    With the United States SEC's mandate for XBRL filings entering its third year, and impacting over 7000 additional companies in 2011, there's a lot of buzz in the industry about how companies should address the new reporting requirements.  Should they outsource the XBRL tagging process to a third party publisher, handle the process in-house with a bolt-on XBRL tool, or should they integrate XBRL tagging with the financial close and reporting process?  Oracle is recommending the latter approach, in fact  here's a link to a recent webcast that I did with CFO.com on this topic: http://www.cfo.com/webcasts/index.cfm/l_eventarchive/14548560 But production of XBRL-based filings is only half of the story. The other half is consumption of XBRL by regulators, academics, financial analysts and investors.  As I mentioned in my December article on the XBRL US conference, the feedback from these groups is that they are not really leveraging XBRL for analysis of companies due to a lack of tools and historic XBRL-based data on public companies.   The good news here is that the historic data problem is getting better as large, accelerated filers enter their third year of XBRL filings.  And the situation is getting better on the reporting and analysis tools side of the equation as well - and Oracle is leading the way. In early January, Oracle released the Oracle XBRL Extension for Oracle Database 11g.  This is a "no cost option" on top of the latest Oracle Database 11.2.0.2.0 release. With this added functionality organizations will have the ability to create one or more back-end XBRL repositories based on Oracle Database, which provide XBRL storage and query-ability with a set of XBRL-specific services.  The XBRL Extension to Oracle XML DB integrates easily with Oracle Business Intelligence Suite Enterprise Edition (OBIEE) for analytics and with interactive development environments (IDEs) and design tools for creating and editing XBRL taxonomies. The Oracle XBRL Extension to Oracle Database 11g should be attractive to regulators, stock exchanges, universities and other organizations that need to collect, analyze and disseminate XBRL-based filings.  It should also be attractive to organizations that produce XBRL filings, and need a way to store and compare their own XBRL-based financial filings to those of their peers and competitors. If you would like more information, here's a link to a web page on the Oracle Technology Network with the details about Oracle XBRL Extension for Oracle Database 11g, including data sheet, white paper, presentation, demos and other information: http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/xmldb/index-087631.html

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  • Network does not connect at boot

    - by Daniel Svozil
    I am on Ubuntu 12.04, fresh install. When I boot a machine, the boot screen says Connecting to network, later it is changed to something like Did not connect, trying for another 60s. However, the network does not connect at the boot. But I can then log in without a network connection, and if I start a network manager service manually from the terminal (sudo service network-manager start), the network is connected without any problems. Please, does anybody know where the problem could be? I don't want to wait more than two minutes every computer restart :-). I am new to Ubuntu (and also to upstart) so I am a bit lost. There is no /var/log/messages, in dmesg I found this record, though it may not be related: init: network-interface (eth1) pre-start process (492) terminated with status 1 init: network-interface (eth1) post-stop process (548) terminated with status 1 Thanks Daniel

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  • Ad-Driven Apps Are Sucking Your Android Battery Dry

    - by Jason Fitzpatrick
    Ads in free Android apps might be annoying but you probably never imagined they were radically draining your battery. New research from Purdue University and Microsoft highlight just how much ad-driven apps tank your battery life. What did they find? That poorly designed ad-modules in free ad-driven applications are terrible at conserving energy. In popular applications like Angry Birds and Free Chess 70% of the energy the application consumed was used to drive the ads. They also surveyed other applications and found that ad-driven apps weren’t alone in excessive battery use–the New York Times app, for example, spent 15% of its battery consumption on tracking and background tasks. Hit up the link below to read the full whitepaper for a more in depth look at the methodology and results. Fine Grained Energy Accounting on Smartphones with Eprof (PDF) [via ZDNet] Make Your Own Windows 8 Start Button with Zero Memory Usage Reader Request: How To Repair Blurry Photos HTG Explains: What Can You Find in an Email Header?

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  • Outside Operations in JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Manufacturing

    - by Amit Katariya
    Upcoming E1 Manufacturing webcasts   Date: March 30, 2010Time: 10:00 am MDTProduct Family: JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Manufacturing   Summary This one-hour session is recommended for functional users who would like to understand the Outside Operations process overview, including Setup, Execution and Troubleshooting.   Topics will include: Concept Setup in context of PDM, SFC, Product Costing, and Manufacturing Accounting Processing Troubleshooting   A short, live demonstration (only if applicable) and question and answer period will be included. Register for this session Oracle Advisor is dedicated to building your awareness around our products and services. This session does not replace offerings from Oracle Global Support Services. Important links related to Webcasts Advisor Webcast Current Schedule Advisor Webcast Archived Recordings Above links requires valid access to My Oracle Support

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  • Do backend developers care what their code looks like in the frontend?

    - by benhowdle89
    As a backend and a frontend developer I see the process from start to finish, first by creating the logic, displaying the correct data on a web page and then using frontend skills to make this look awesome. My question is, do pure backend developers care what their code ends up looking like in the frontend? As far as the user is concerned, they will ONLY see design/frontend. They don't actually care that your code is clean, DRY and maintainable. As long as it doesn't disrupt their payment process or flight booking they do not care. Does this affect the average backend developer?

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  • CPU frequancy stuck at 1.20 GHz using TLP?

    - by Rana Muhammad Waqas
    I have installed TLP for power optimization on Ubuntu 13.10. Instructions I start computer its running fine I can change the CPU frequencies to whatever I want, but after some time it stuck on minimum frequency 1.20 GHz, I cant change that to anything else. I have tried to stop it by using sudo tlp stop but it doesn't stop. Tried even to kill its process sudo killall tlp but it seems they have a different name of process of that so i am not sure what to do now. I reported to the linrunner but cant seem to find a solution

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  • High Availability for IaaS, PaaS and SaaS in the Cloud

    - by BuckWoody
    Outages, natural disasters and unforeseen events have proved that even in a distributed architecture, you need to plan for High Availability (HA). In this entry I'll explain a few considerations for HA within Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS), Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) and Software-as-a-Service (SaaS). In a separate post I'll talk more about Disaster Recovery (DR), since each paradigm has a different way to handle that. Planning for HA in IaaS IaaS involves Virtual Machines - so in effect, an HA strategy here takes on many of the same characteristics as it would on-premises. The primary difference is that the vendor controls the hardware, so you need to verify what they do for things like local redundancy and so on from the hardware perspective. As far as what you can control and plan for, the primary factors fall into three areas: multiple instances, geographical dispersion and task-switching. In almost every cloud vendor I've studied, to ensure your application will be protected by any level of HA, you need to have at least two of the Instances (VM's) running. This makes sense, but you might assume that the vendor just takes care of that for you - they don't. If a single VM goes down (for whatever reason) then the access to it is lost. Depending on multiple factors, you might be able to recover the data, but you should assume that you can't. You should keep a sync to another location (perhaps the vendor's storage system in another geographic datacenter or to a local location) to ensure you can continue to serve your clients. You'll also need to host the same VM's in another geographical location. Everything from a vendor outage to a network path problem could prevent your users from reaching the system, so you need to have multiple locations to handle this. This means that you'll have to figure out how to manage state between the geo's. If the system goes down in the middle of a transaction, you need to figure out what part of the process the system was in, and then re-create or transfer that state to the second set of systems. If you didn't write the software yourself, this is non-trivial. You'll also need a manual or automatic process to detect the failure and re-route the traffic to your secondary location. You could flip a DNS entry (if your application can tolerate that) or invoke another process to alias the first system to the second, such as load-balancing and so on. There are many options, but all of them involve coding the state into the application layer. If you've simply moved a state-ful application to VM's, you may not be able to easily implement an HA solution. Planning for HA in PaaS Implementing HA in PaaS is a bit simpler, since it's built on the concept of stateless applications deployment. Once again, you need at least two copies of each element in the solution (web roles, worker roles, etc.) to remain available in a single datacenter. Also, you need to deploy the application again in a separate geo, but the advantage here is that you could work out a "shared storage" model such that state is auto-balanced across the world. In fact, you don't have to maintain a "DR" site, the alternate location can be live and serving clients, and only take on extra load if the other site is not available. In Windows Azure, you can use the Traffic Manager service top route the requests as a type of auto balancer. Even with these benefits, I recommend a second backup of storage in another geographic location. Storage is inexpensive; and that second copy can be used for not only HA but DR. Planning for HA in SaaS In Software-as-a-Service (such as Office 365, or Hadoop in Windows Azure) You have far less control over the HA solution, although you still maintain the responsibility to ensure you have it. Since each SaaS is different, check with the vendor on the solution for HA - and make sure you understand what they do and what you are responsible for. They may have no HA for that solution, or pin it to a particular geo, or perhaps they have a massive HA built in with automatic load balancing (which is often the case).   All of these options (with the exception of SaaS) involve higher costs for the design. Do not sacrifice reliability for cost - that will always cost you more in the end. Build in the redundancy and HA at the very outset of the project - if you try to tack it on later in the process the business will push back and potentially not implement HA. References: http://www.bing.com/search?q=windows+azure+High+Availability  (each type of implementation is different, so I'm routing you to a search on the topic - look for the "Patterns and Practices" results for the area in Azure you're interested in)

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