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  • Beginning programming for real clients, what copyright should I put in the code?

    - by Igor Marvinsky
    Hello. So far, I've been writing projects for my friends and friends of my friends, which required no legal stuff. Now I've moved on to freelance programming on websites like vworker.com and I'm wondering what should I put in the comments on top of the code. I'm not doing big, serious serious projects, just frontends and scrapers/bots for what I gather is personal use. Would my usual // Written by Igor Marvinsky, 2011 be enough?

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  • Can an agile shop every really score 12 on the Joel Test?

    - by Simon
    I really like the Joel test, use it myself, and encourage my staff and interviewees to consider it carefully. However I don't think I can ever score more than 9 because a few points seem to contradict the Agile Manifesto, XP and TDD, which are the bedrocks of my world. Specifically the questions about schedule, specs, testers and quiet working conditions run counter to what we are trying to create and the values that we have adopted in being genuinely agile. So my question is whether it is possible for a true Agile shop to score 12?

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  • Good resources and tools for modern, heavy JavaScript development?

    - by Matt Greer
    I am interested in doing some projects that involve heavy use of JavaScript. Namely HTML5 based canvas games, potentially using node.js as well. I am interested in learning modern best practices, tools and resources for JavaScript. JavaScript is tough to research because you end up wading through a lot of really outdated material, hailing from the times that "JavaScript" was a four letter word. If you are heavily involved in JavaScript programming... What text editor or IDE do you use? What unit testing framework do you use? Do you use Selenium, or something else? What other tools do you use? What communities exist that discuss recent advents in JavaScript? What books do you read/refer to? What blogs do you read?

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  • Why is it java code indented as BSD KNF Style and C C++ code indented as Allman or BSD style?

    - by Caffeine
    I do understand that coding convention is a matter of preference, and that different coding conventions have different subtle advantages or shortcomings, and depending on what one wants, one should choose his/her style. But why is usually Java written where the opening brace is on the same line as the function definition of control statement, and in C or C++ the curly braces have a line of their own? BSD KNF style if (data != NULL && res > 0) { if (JS_DefineProperty(cx, o, "data", STRING_TO_JSVAL(JS_NewStringCopyN(cx, data, res)), NULL, NULL, JSPROP_ENUMERATE) != 0) { QUEUE_EXCEPTION("Internal error!"); goto err; } PQfreemem(data); } else { if (JS_DefineProperty(cx, o, "data", OBJECT_TO_JSVAL(NULL), NULL, NULL, JSPROP_ENUMERATE) != 0) { QUEUE_EXCEPTION("Internal error!"); goto err; } } Allman or BSD Style if (x == y) { something(); somethingelse(); } Courtesy: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indent_style

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  • How can I most efficiently communicate my personal code of ethics, and its implications?

    - by blueberryfields
    There is a lot to the definition of a professional. There are many questions here asking how to identify components of what is essentially a professional programmer - how do you identify or communicate expertise, specialization, high quality work, excellent skills in relation to the profession. I am specifically looking for methods to communicate a specific component, and I quote from wikipedia: A high standard of professional ethics, behavior and work activities while carrying out one's profession (as an employee, self-employed person, career, enterprise, business, company, or partnership/associate/colleague, etc.). The professional owes a higher duty to a client, often a privilege of confidentiality, as well as a duty not to abandon the client just because he or she may not be able to pay or remunerate the professional. Often the professional is required to put the interest of the client ahead of his own interests. How can I most efficiently communicate my professionalism, in the spirit of the quote above, to current and potential clients and employers?

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  • Is "no installation" software a good thing?

    - by Yaron Naveh
    I am building an application that will, hopefully, be used by developers. To be appealing to developers I want it to be lightweight, small in size, and with no installation (e.g. xcopy). I trust more an application without installation to not put garbage in my registry, to be lightweight etc. My friend thinks the opposite: An installer puts shortcuts on the desktop / menu for me, it ensures cleanup via the uninstaller, and seems more official. I'm curious - what is everyone's take on this?

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  • What do you call "X <= $foo <= Y" comparison?

    - by Jakob
    While writing a Perl statement like if ( $foo >= X && $foo <= Y ) yet again, I wondered why many programming languages do not support the more comfortable form if ( X <= $foo <= Y ) and what this is called. I came up with "3-legged comparison" but no results when searching for it. By the way there is also the "element-of-set" form if ( $foo in X..Y ) which I only consider more readable when provided via a short keyword. Is there a term for X <= $foo <= Y comparison? Which languages support it?

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  • Communication between state machines with hidden transitions

    - by slartibartfast
    The question emerged for me in embedded programming but I think it can be applied to quite a number of general networking situations e.g. when a communication partner fails. Assume we have an application logic (a program) running on a computer and a gadget connected to that computer via e.g. a serial interface like RS232. The gadget has a red/green/blue LED and a button which disables the LED. The LEDs color can be driven by software commands over the serial interface and the state (red/green/blue/off) is read back and causes a reaction in the application logic. Asynchronous behaviour of the application logic with regard to the LED color down to a certain delay (depending on the execution cycle of the application) is tolerated. What we essentially have is a resource (the LED) which can not be reserved and handled atomically by software because the (organic) user can at any time press the button to interfere/break the software attempt to switch the LED color. Stripping this example from its physical outfit I dare to say that we have two communicating state machines A (application logic) and G (gadget) where G executes state changes unbeknownst to A (and also the other way round, but this is not significant in our example) and only A can be modified at a reasonable price. A needs to see the reaction and state of G in one piece of information which may be (slightly) outdated but not inconsistent with respect to the short time window when this information was generated on the side of G. What I am looking for is a concise method to handle such a situation in embedded software (i.e. no layer/framework like CORBA etc. available). A programming technique which is able to map the complete behaviour of both participants on classical interfaces of a classical programming language (C in this case). To complicate matters (or rather, to generalize), a simple high frequency communication cycle of A to G and back (IOW: A is rapidly polling G) is out of focus because of technical restrictions (delay of serial com, A not always active, etc.). What I currently see as a general solution is: the application logic A as one thread of execution an adapter object (proxy) PG (presenting G inside the computer), together with the serial driver as another thread a communication object between the two (A and PG) which is transactionally safe to exchange The two execution contexts (threads) on the computer may be multi-core or just interrupt driven or tasks in an RTOS. The com object contains the following data: suspected state (written by A): effectively a member of the power set of states in G (in our case: red, green, blue, off, red_or_green, red_or_blue, red_or_off...etc.) command data (written by A): test_if_off, switch_to_red, switch_to_green, switch_to_blue operation status (written by PG): operation_pending, success, wrong_state, link_broken new state (written by PG): red, green, blue, off The idea of the com object is that A writes whichever (set of) state it thinks G is in, together with a command. (Example: suspected state="red_or_green", command: "switch_to_blue") Notice that the commands issued by A will not work if the user has switched off the LED and A needs to know this. PG will pick up such a com object and try to send the command to G, receive its answer (or a timeout) and set the operation status and new state accordingly. A will take back the oject once it is no longer at operation_pending and can react to the outcome. The com object could be separated of course (into two objects, one for each direction) but I think it is convenient in nearly all instances to have the command close to the result. I would like to have major flaws pointed out or hear an entirely different view on such a situation.

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  • What is the most performant CSS property for transitioning an element?

    - by Ian Kuca
    I'm wondering whether there is a performance difference between using different CSS properties to translate an element. Some properties fit different situations differently. You can translate an element with following properties: transform, top/left/right/bottom and margin-top/left/right/bottom In the case where you do not utilize the transition CSS property for the translation but use some form of a timer (setTimeout, requestAnimationFrame or setImmediate) or raw events, which is the most performant–which is going to make for higher FPS rates?

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  • What's special about currying or partial application?

    - by Vigneshwaran
    I've been reading articles on Functional programming everyday and been trying to apply some practices as much as possible. But I don't understand what is unique in currying or partial application. Take this Groovy code as an example: def mul = { a, b -> a * b } def tripler1 = mul.curry(3) def tripler2 = { mul(3, it) } I do not understand what is the difference between tripler1 and tripler2. Aren't they both the same? The 'currying' is supported in pure or partial functional languages like Groovy, Scala, Haskell etc. But I can do the same thing (left-curry, right-curry, n-curry or partial application) by simply creating another named or anonymous function or closure that will forward the parameters to the original function (like tripler2) in most languages (even C.) Am I missing something here? There are places where I can use currying and partial application in my Grails application but I am hesitating to do so because I'm asking myself "How's that different?" Please enlighten me.

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  • How to deal with cargo-cult programming attitude?

    - by Aivar
    I have some students (in introductory programming course) who see programming language as a set of magic spells, which must be cast in order to achieve some effect (instead of seeing it as a flexible medium for expressing his idea of solution). They tend to copy-paste code from previous similarly sounding assignments without considering the essence of the problem. Can anyone recommend some exercises or analogies to make those students more confident that they can and should understand the structure and meaning of each piece of code they write?

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  • Explanation on how "Tell, Don't Ask" is considered good OO

    - by Pubby
    This blogpost was posted on Hacker News with several upvotes. Coming from C++, most of these examples seem to go against what I've been taught. Such as example #2: Bad: def check_for_overheating(system_monitor) if system_monitor.temperature > 100 system_monitor.sound_alarms end end versus good: system_monitor.check_for_overheating class SystemMonitor def check_for_overheating if temperature > 100 sound_alarms end end end The advice in C++ is that you should prefer free functions instead of member functions as they increase encapsulation. Both of these are identical semantically, so why prefer the choice that has access to more state? Example 4: Bad: def street_name(user) if user.address user.address.street_name else 'No street name on file' end end versus good: def street_name(user) user.address.street_name end class User def address @address || NullAddress.new end end class NullAddress def street_name 'No street name on file' end end Why is it the responsibility of User to format an unrelated error string? What if I want to do something besides print 'No street name on file' if it has no street? What if the street is named the same thing? Could someone enlighten me on the "Tell, Don't Ask" advantages and rationale? I am not looking for which is better, but instead trying to understand the author's viewpoint.

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  • Storing Attendance Data in database

    - by Ali Abbas
    So i have to store daily attendance of employees of my organisation from my application . The part where I need some help is, the efficient way to store attendance data. After some research and brain storming I came up with some approaches . Could you point me out which one is the best and any unobvious ill effects of the mentioned approaches. The approaches are as follows Create a single table for whole organisation and store empid,date,presentstatus as a row for every employee everyday. Create a single table for whole organisation and store a single row for each day with a comma delimited string of empids which are absent. I will generate the string on my application. Create different tables for each department and follow the 1 method. Please share your views and do mention any other good methods

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  • Fundamental programming book [closed]

    - by Luke Annison
    I'm a fairly new programmer and currently learning ruby on rails with the intention of developing a web application. I am currently going reading Agile Web Development with Rails 4th Edition and its working well for me, however I'm wondering if somebody can recommend a more general, almost classic book to read casually alongside to help cement the fundamentals in place. As I said, I'm for the most part a beginner and the only education I've had is this and briefly one other technical book, so I'm sure there must be some "must reads" out there that give me a more substantial context for the basics of either Ruby on Rails, Ruby, objective oriented programming, or programming in general. What books helped you grasp a deeper and more rounded understanding of your skills as a programmer? All suggestions are welcome and appreciated.

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  • Why does XCode convert PNGs to CgBI format?

    - by Gdeglin
    According to the research done here http://imageoptim.com/tweetbot.html, Xcode's conversion of PNGs to the proprietary Apple CgBI format does not create a noticeable performance improvement. Their claim is that the conversion only reduces PNG loading speed by 1 nanosecond. If this is true, why does apple bother with the CgBI format at all? Has anyone else benchmarked loading CgBI images vs regular PNG images on iOS devices to see if they perform differently?

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  • How to keep AST for feature access?

    - by greenoldman
    Consider such code (let's say it is C++) Foo::Bar.get().X How one should keep the AST for this -- as "tree" with root at left Foo(Bar(get(X)), or with root at right (((Foo)Bar)get)X? Or maybe as a flat structure (list)? The first one seems more convenient when resolving names, the second when working with it as expression. I set tag parsing but I am asking from semantic analysis POV really (there is no such tag).

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  • Hadoop and Object Reuse, Why?

    - by Andrew White
    In Hadoop, objects passed to reducers are reused. This is extremely surprising and hard to track down if you're not expecting it. Furthermore, the original tracker for this "feature" doesn't offer any evidence that this change actually improved performance (unless I missed it). It would speed up the system substantially if we reused the keys and values [...] but I think it is worth doing. This seems completely counter to this very popular answer. Is there some credence to the Hadoop developer's claim? Is there something "special" about Hadoop that would invalidate the notion of object creation being cheap?

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  • Build one to throw away vs Second-system effect

    - by m3th0dman
    One one hand there is an advice that says "Build one to throw away". Only after finishing a software system and seeing the end product we realize what went wrong in the design phase and understand how we should have really done it. On the other hand there is the "second-system effect" which says that the second system of the same kind that is designed is usually worse than the first one; there are many features that did not fit in the first project and were pushed into the second version usually leading to overly complex and overly engineered. Isn't here some contradiction between these principles? What is the correct view over the problems and where is the border between these two? I believe that these "good practices" are were firstly promoted in the seminal book The Mythical Man-Month by Fred Brooks. I know that some of these issues are solved by Agile methodologies, but deep down, the problem is still the principles still stand; for example we would not make important design changes 3 sprints before going live.

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  • Best way to indicate more results available

    - by Alex Stangl
    We have a service to return messages. We want to limit the number returned, either allowing the caller to specify the max number to return, or else to use an internal hard limit. We also have thought it would be nice to include in the response whether more messages are available. The "best" way to go about this is not clear. Here are some ideas so far: Only set the "more messages" indicator if the user did not specify a max limit, and the internal max limit was hit. Same as #1 except that "more messages" indicator set regardless of whether the internal hard limit is hit, or the user-specified limit is hit. Same as #1 (or #2) except that we internally read limit + 1 records, but only return limit records, so we know "for sure" there is at least one additional message rather than "maybe" there are additional messages. Do away with the "more messages" flag, as it is confusing and unnecessary. Instead force the user to keep calling the API until it returns no messages. Change "more messages" indicator to something more akin to an EOF indicator, only set when the last message is known to have been retrieved and returned. What do you think is the best solution? (Doesn't have to be one of the above choices.) I searched and couldn't find a similar question already asked. Hopefully this is not "too subjective".

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  • What is the supposed productivity gain of dynamic typing?

    - by hstoerr
    I often heard the claim that dynamically typed languages are more productive than statically typed languages. What are the reasons for this claim? Isn't it just tooling with modern concepts like convention over configuration, the use of functional programming, advanced programming models and use of consistent abstractions? Admittedly there is less clutter because the (for instance in Java) often redundant type declarations are not needed, but you can also omit most type declarations in statically typed languages that usw type inference, without loosing the other advantages of static typing. And all of this is available for modern statically typed languages like Scala as well. So: what is there to say for productivity with dynamic typing that really is an advantage of the type model itself?

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  • Cross platform mobile development VS Native Mobile Development: Present And Future.

    - by MobileDev123
    I just completed one year in Smart phone development, working on BlackBerry and Android and also developed one application exclusively targeted to nokia feature phones. And just a month ago I come to know about Titanium Appcelerator tool that enables cross platform development, but there are some developers who complain about it's sub-par functionalities. Even a little bit experience of mine says that developing in native environment rather than these cross platform tools will give you more advantages by giving a developer a chance to add more features with better performance. Do you have same experience? Or you find such cross development tools really useful regarding to advance functionality and performance? As porting (or co developing) same application to different mobile platform is common thing nowadays, what do you think will these cross platform tools evolve and force developers to get a hands on approach on them or majority will stick to the native development environment?

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  • Ruby on Rails background API polling

    - by Matthew Turney
    I need to integrate a free/busy calendar integration with Zimbra. Unlike outlook, it seems, Zimbra requires polling their API. I need to be able to grab the free/busy data in background tasks for 10's of thousands of users on a regular time interval, preferably every few minutes. What would be the best way to implement this in a Rails application without bogging down our current resque tasks? I have considered moving this process to something like node.js or something similar in Ruby. The biggest problem is that we have no control over the IO, as each clients Zimbra instances could be slow and we don't want to create a huge backup in tasks. Thoughts and ideas?

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  • Performing user authentication in a CodeIgniter controller constructor?

    - by msanford
    In "The Clean Code Talks -- Unit Testing" (http://youtu.be/wEhu57pih5w), Miško Hevery mentions that "as little work as possible should be done in constructors [to make classes more easily testable]'. It got me thinking about the way I have implemented my user authentication mechanism. Having delved into MVC development through CodeIgniter, I designed my first web application to perform user authentication for protected resources in controllers' constructors in cases where every public function in that controller requires the user to be authenticated. For controllers with public methods having mixed authentication requirements, I would naturally move the authentication from the constructor to each method requiring authentication (though I don't currently have a need for this). I made this choice primarily to keep the controller tight, and to ensure that all resources in the controller are always covered. As for code longevity and maintainability: given the application structure, I can't foresee a situation in which one of the affected controllers would need a public method that didn't require user authentication, but I can see this as a potential drawback in general with this implementation (i.e., requiring future refactoring). Is this a good idea?

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  • How do I learn Python from zero to web development? [closed]

    - by Terence Ponce
    I am looking into learning Python for web development. Assuming I already have some basic web development experience with Java (JSP/Servlets), I'm already familiar with web design (HTML, CSS, JS), basic programming concepts and that I am completely new to Python, how do I go about learning Python in a structured manner that will eventually lead me to web development with Python and Django? I'm not in a hurry to make web applications in Python so I really want to learn it thoroughly so as not to leave any gaps in my knowledge of the technologies involving web development in Python. Are there any books, resource or techniques to help me in my endeavor? In what order should I do/read them? UPDATE: When I say learning in a structured manner, I mean starting out from the basics then learning the advanced stuff without leaving some of the important details/features that Python has to offer. I want to know how to apply the things that I already know in programming to Python.

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  • Simple method for reliably detecting code in text?

    - by Jeff Atwood
    GMail has this feature where it will warn you if you try to send an email that it thinks might have an attachment. Because GMail detected the string see the attached in the email, but no actual attachment, it warns me with an OK / Cancel dialog when I click the Send button. We have a related problem on Stack Overflow. That is, when a user enters a post like this one: my problem is I need to change the database but I don't won't to create a new connection. example: DataSet dsMasterInfo = new DataSet(); Database db = DatabaseFactory.CreateDatabase("ConnectionString"); DbCommand dbCommand = db.GetStoredProcCommand("uspGetMasterName"); This user did not format their code as code! That is, they didn't indent by 4 spaces per Markdown, or use the code button (or the keyboard shortcut ctrl+k) which does that for them. Thus, our system is accreting a lot of edits where people have to go in and manually format code for people that are somehow unable to figure this out. This leads to a lot of bellyaching. We've improved the editor help several times, but short of driving over to the user's house and pressing the correct buttons on their keyboard for them, we're at a loss to see what to do next. That's why we are considering a Google GMail style warning: Did you mean to post code? You wrote stuff that we think looks like code, but you didn't format it as code by indenting 4 spaces, using the toolbar code button or the ctrl+k code formatting command. However, presenting this warning requires us to detect the presence of what we think is unformatted code in a question. What is a simple, semi-reliable way of doing this? Per Markdown, code is always indented by 4 spaces or within backticks, so anything correctly formatted can be discarded from the check immediately. This is only a warning and it will only apply to low-reputation users asking their first questions (or providing their first answers), so some false positives are OK, so long as they are about 5% or less. Questions on Stack Overflow can be in any language, though we can realistically limit our check to, say, the "big ten" languages. Per the tags page that would be C#, Java, PHP, JavaScript, Objective-C, C, C++, Python, Ruby. Use the Stack Overflow creative commons data dump to audit your potential solution (or just pick a few questions in the top 10 tags on Stack Overflow) and see how it does. Pseudocode is fine, but we use c# if you want to be extra friendly. The simpler the better (so long as it works). KISS! If your solution requires us to attempt to compile posts in 10 different compilers, or an army of people to manually train a bayesian inference engine, that's ... not exactly what we had in mind.

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