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  • Maintaining "Portability" Between Linux and Windows 7

    - by lokheart
    I am using the following ways in my office's Windows 7 machine to maintain my "portabilibity" when disaster strikes and I need to switch computer while I have no luxury of time for reinstalling all my program to the new PC. a majority of programs I used are portable, mostly from portableapp.com, like notepad+, GIMP, even R, I extract them and store them in a folder in My document, in a structure similar to the default portableapp installation when they are installed to a thumbdrive only a few software that portable version is not available and I will install them as usual all of my working files are stored in a folder in My document I regularly backup them all using syncback, because this program can keep versioning of my backup, and the backup is stored in a portable drive. One day I need to switch my computer and the operation is relative simple for me: I just move the two folders mentioned above into the my document folder of the new PC, install those few "non-portable" program in it, and this is almost done, some minor hiccups can be solved by reinstalling the portableapp into the drive. Overall speaking it is a smooth process. I would like to maintain the same degree of "portability" in my home Linux desktop (Ubuntu or Mint, I'm still deciding), that is, if my Linux crash and I need to reinstall it again. All I need to do is the move the two folder back to the new Linux, and most of my work will be almost ready to be worked on again. But I don't know how to find a Linux-alternative of portableapps. Being a newer to Linux, can anyone tell me whether this is possible in Linux?

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  • How to specify this 'symbolic link' for the Jungo WinDriver?

    - by user252098
    Just now , I try to install the Jungo WinDriver in the Ubuntu 13.10 . But I am puzzled by the its manual : 4.2.3. Linux WinDriver Installation Instructions 4.2.3.1. Preparing the System for Installation In Linux, kernel modules must be compiled with the same header files that the kernel itself was compiled with. Since WinDriver installs kernel modules, it must compile with the header files of the Linux kernel during the installation process. Therefore, before you install WinDriver for Linux, verify that the Linux source code and the file version.h are installed on your machine: Install the Linux kernel source code: If you have yet to install Linux, install it, including the kernel source code, by following the instructions for your Linux distribution. If Linux is already installed on your machine, check whether the Linux source code was installed. You can do this by looking for 'linux' in the /usr/src directory. If the source code is not installed, either install it, or reinstall Linux with the source code, by following the instructions for your Linux distribution. Install version.h: The file version.h is created when you first compile the Linux kernel source code. Some distributions provide a compiled kernel without the file version.h. Look under /usr/src/linux/include/linux to see whether you have this file. If you do not, follow these steps: Become super user: $ su Change directory to the Linux source directory: cd /usr/src/linux Type: make xconfig Save the configuration by choosing Save and Exit. Type: make dep Exit super user mode: exit To run GUI WinDriver applications (e.g., DriverWizard [5]; Debug Monitor [7.2]) you must also have version 5.0 of the libstdc++ library — libstdc++.so.5. If you do not have this file, install it from the relevant RPM in your Linux distribution (e.g., compat-libstdc++). Before proceeding with the installation, you must also make sure that you have a linux symbolic link. If you do not, create one by typing /usr/src$ ln -s 'target kernel'/linux For example, for the Linux 2.4 kernel type /usr/src$ ln -s linux-2.4/ linux ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ I can't understand how to specify these two parameters in my Ubuntu .

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  • Linux kernel - can't access sda16 & sda17

    - by osgx
    I can't access sda16 sda17 and higher partitions from my linux. This linux is rather debian (very old); kernel 2.6.23. So, I know that so old linux kernel can't access 16 partitions on single sata disk. What version of kernel should I use to be able access sda16, sda17 etc? I want to update only a kernel, not a whole Linux distribution. PS. There is an WindowsNT kernel which can access and format 16, 17 or higher partition, but my intention is to use sda16 and sda17 from linux (I want Linux Kernel). PPS: dmesg: sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA sda: sda1 sda2 sda3 sda4 < sda5 sda6 sda7 sda8 sda9 sda10 sda11 sda12 sda13 sda14 sda15 > sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk sd 4:0:0:0: [sdb] xxx 512-byte hardware sectors ... So, there is no mapping of sda16, sda17, ... to sdb. Sdb is the second physical hard drive.

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  • Linux boot on a raid1 software raid ?

    - by azera
    Hello I am trying to convert my single disk boot to a raid1 boot So far here is what i have: I sucessfully create the raid 1 as degraded with the new drive alone, I copied all the data on it I can mount that raid 1, see its files etc I already have a raid5 that is working on the same box (although not booting on it) I have installed grub on both drive When grub boot, it loads the kernel alright, but during the kernel boot it fails to load the "root block device" The kernel tells me : 1 - detected that root device is an md device 2 - determining root devices 3 - mounting root 4 - mounting /dev/md125 on /newroot failed: input/output error. Please enter another root device: ... At this point, if I enter /dev/sda3 (my "old" root device that isn't converted to raid yet) everything boots fine without the root. The /dev/md125 device is indeed created but it seems to be created after the error happens, as in it creates it after loading the device, when mdadm is loaded. Somehow it looks like it can't/doesn't load the raid array before it needs to mount it, and I don't know how I can solve that. My config files (taken from the system once it boots with sda3 as root device): $ cat /etc/mdadm.conf ARRAY /dev/md/md0-r5 metadata=0.90 UUID=1a118934:c831bdb3:64188b84:66721085 ARRAY /dev/md125 metadata=0.90 UUID=48ec4190:a80d4dde:64188b84:66721085 $ cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid0] [raid10] md125 : active raid1 sdc3[1] 477853312 blocks [2/1] [_U] md127 : active raid5 sdd[0] sdf[3] sdb[2] sde[1] 4395415488 blocks level 5, 64k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/4] [UUUU] unused devices: <none> $ cat /boot/grub/menu.lst default 0 timeout 8 splashimage=(hd0,0)/boot/grub/splash.xpm.gz title Gentoo Linux 2.6.31-r10 root (hd0,0) #kernel /boot/kernel-genkernel-x86_64-2.6.31-gentoo-r10 root=/dev/ram0 real_root=/dev/sda3 kernel /boot/kernel-genkernel-x86_64-2.6.31-gentoo-r10 root=/dev/md125 md=125,/dev/sdc3,/dev/sda3 initrd /boot/initramfs-genkernel-x86_64-2.6.31-gentoo-r10 # blkid /dev/sda1: UUID="89fee223-b845-4e0a-8a0b-e6cf695d5bcf" TYPE="ext2" /dev/sda2: UUID="a72296a8-d7d4-447f-a34b-ee920fd1a767" TYPE="swap" /dev/sda3: UUID="97eb0a6a-c385-4a9d-bf74-c0bab1fa4dc1" TYPE="ext3" /dev/sdb: UUID="1a118934-c831-bdb3-6418-8b8466721085" TYPE="linux_raid_member" /dev/sdc1: UUID="d36537fd-19a0-b8a3-6418-8b8466721085" TYPE="linux_raid_member" /dev/sdd: UUID="1a118934-c831-bdb3-6418-8b8466721085" TYPE="linux_raid_member" /dev/sde: UUID="1a118934-c831-bdb3-6418-8b8466721085" TYPE="linux_raid_member" /dev/md127: UUID="13a41589-4cf1-4c04-91ca-37484182c783" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sdf: UUID="1a118934-c831-bdb3-6418-8b8466721085" TYPE="linux_raid_member" /dev/sdc2: UUID="a1916397-1b48-45d7-9f98-73aa521e882f" TYPE="swap" /dev/sdc3: UUID="48ec4190-a80d-4dde-6418-8b8466721085" TYPE="linux_raid_member" /dev/md125: UUID="c947ed64-1d4d-4d1d-b4d2-24669fff916e" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" # mdadm -E mdadm: No devices to examine # fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0xe975e9fc Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 5 40131 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6 1311 10490445 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 1312 60801 477853425 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdc: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0xe975e9fc Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 1 5 40131 83 Linux /dev/sdc2 6 1311 10490445 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sdc3 1312 60801 477853425 83 Linux Disk /dev/md125: 489.3 GB, 489321791488 bytes 2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 119463328 cylinders Units = cylinders of 8 * 512 = 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/md125 doesn't contain a valid partition table

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  • Forwarding RDP via a Linux machine using iptables: Not working

    - by Nimmy Lebby
    I have a Linux machine and a Windows machine behind a router that implements NAT (the diagram might be overkill, but was fun to make): I am forwarding RDP port (3389) on the router to the Linux machine because I want to audit RDP connections. For the Linux machine to forward RDP traffic, I wrote these iptables rules: iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 3389 -j DNAT --to-destination win-box iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --dport 3389 -j ACCEPT The port is listening on the Windows machine: C:\Users\nimmy>netstat -a Active Connections Proto Local Address Foreign Address State (..snip..) TCP 0.0.0.0:3389 WIN-BOX:0 LISTENING (..snip..) And the port is forwarding on the Linux machine: # tcpdump port 3389 tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 01:33:11.451663 IP shieldsup.grc.com.56387 > linux-box.myapt.lan.ms-wbt-server: Flags [S], seq 94663035, win 8192, options [mss 1460], length 0 01:33:11.451846 IP shieldsup.grc.com.56387 > win-box.myapt.lan.ms-wbt-server: Flags [S], seq 94663035, win 8192, options [mss 1460], length 0 However, I am not getting any successful RDP connections from the outside. The port is not even responding: C:\Users\outside-nimmy>telnet example.com 3389 Connecting To example.com...Could not open connection to the host, on port 3389: Connect failed Any ideas? Update Per @Zhiqiang Ma, I looked at nf_conntrack proc file during a connection attempt and this is what I see (192.168.3.1 = linux-box, 192.168.3.5 = win-box): # cat /proc/net/nf_conntrack | grep 3389 ipv4 2 tcp 6 118 SYN_SENT src=4.79.142.206 dst=192.168.3.1 sport=43142 dport=3389 packets=6 bytes=264 [UNREPLIED] src=192.168.3.5 dst=4.79.142.206 sport=3389 dport=43142 packets=0 bytes=0 mark=0 secmark=0 zone=0 use=2 2nd update Got tcpdump on the router and it seems that win-box is sending an RST packet: 21:20:24.767792 IP shieldsup.grc.com.45349 > linux-box.myapt.lan.3389: S 19088743:19088743(0) win 8192 <mss 1460> 21:20:24.768038 IP shieldsup.grc.com.45349 > win-box.myapt.lan.3389: S 19088743:19088743(0) win 8192 <mss 1460> 21:20:24.770674 IP win-box.myapt.lan.3389 > shieldsup.grc.com.45349: R 721745706:721745706(0) ack 755785049 win 0 Why would Windows be doing this?

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  • Why doesn't Linux use the hardware context switch via the TSS?

    - by smwikipedia
    Hi guys! I read the following statement: The x86 architecture includes a specific segment type called the Task State Segment (TSS), to store hardware contexts. Although Linux doesn't use hardware context switches, it is nonetheless forced to set up a TSS for each distinct CPU in the system. I am wondering: Why doesn't Linux use the hardware support for context switch? Isn't the hardware approach much faster than the software approach? Is there any OS which does take advantage of the hardware context switch? Does windows use it? At last and as usual, thanks for your patience and reply.

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  • How to reinstall Mac OS X on OS X/Linux dual-boot system?

    - by strangeronyourtrain
    My setup: I have a MacBook Pro 5,5 with a Mac OS X Snow Leopard partition and a Linux partition. I use rEFIt to boot into Linux. I didn't use Boot Camp when I originally installed Linux; instead, I manually created the partition (with either Disk Utility in OS X or Gparted on a Linux live CD--I don't recall which one) and then installed Linux on it from a live CD. The problem: My OS X partition is corrupt, and I need to reinstall Snow Leopard. Since I installed rEFIt from within OS X, I'm concerned that wiping the OS X partition will prevent me from booting into my Linux partition. How can I do this without losing access to my Linux partition? Is it possible to install Snow Leopard on the partition I reserved for it, or will it automatically overwrite the entire drive? And if I do the fresh OS X install and then install rEFIt again, will it automatically recognize my Linux partition? Thanks for any tips! Specs: MacBook Pro 5,5 (Mid-2009); Snow Leopard 10.6.7/64-bit Sabayon Linux, 2.6.36 kernel EDIT/UPDATE: Thanks, but the situation has taken a more complicated turn: I tried to reinstall Snow Leopard from the DVD, but it refused to install onto my Mac partition, claiming: "The disk cannot be used to start up your computer." Disk Utility wouldn't let me resize the partition or create a new one, and it doesn't see my Linux partition. It only displays the two partitions "Macintosh HD" and Linux Swap. I can, however, see all the partitions from Linux. This is the partition table as shown in Gparted: And the output of "fdisk -l" is: WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders, total 488397168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 409639 204819+ ee GPT /dev/sda2 409640 349590464 174590412+ af HFS / HFS+ /dev/sda3 483122745 488392064 2634660 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda4 * 349590465 483122744 66766140 83 Linux Partition table entries are not in disk order I wonder if this is because I originally partitioned my disk with Gparted instead of OS X's Disk Utility (at this point, I don't recall whether I used Gparted or Disk Utility). In any case, it doesn't seem safe to do any reformatting with Disk Utility now, as I'm afraid it will wipe sda2 ("Macintosh HD") as well as sda4 (my Linux partition). So... I'm hoping to find a solution that doesn't involve wiping my entire hard disk. Would it be safe/possible to use Gparted to erase sda2 ("Macintosh HD") and then use the Snow Leopard DVD to install OS X onto [I]just[/I] sda2 without touching the other partitions? Thanks for any insight!

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  • which kernels can I safely purge?

    - by ecoologic
    I use the main answer of this question quite often to clear some space, but now I'm in extreme need and I'd like to better understand which kernels are safe to purge, my list is the following 10:50:58-673 - ~> dpkg -l | grep -Eo "^.i +linux-(image|headers)[^ ]+" | cut -c 5- | grep --color -E "$|"`uname -r` linux-headers-2.6.38-15 linux-headers-2.6.38-15-generic linux-headers-2.6.38-15-generic-pae linux-headers-2.6.38-16 linux-headers-2.6.38-16-generic linux-headers-2.6.38-16-generic-pae # current one linux-headers-generic linux-headers-generic-pae linux-headers-server linux-image-2.6.38-15-generic-pae linux-image-2.6.38-16-generic-pae linux-image-generic-pae linux-image-server Is it enough to keep linux-headers-2.6.38-15 linux-headers-2.6.38-15-generic linux-headers-2.6.38-15-generic-pae linux-headers-2.6.38-16 linux-headers-2.6.38-16-generic linux-headers-2.6.38-16-generic-pae # current one Or would this be enough linux-headers-2.6.38-15-generic-pae linux-headers-2.6.38-16-generic-pae # current one Or which other would be the shortest (keeping the previous one too)? And why?

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  • Suggestion for a hybrid Gnome-Kde Distro.

    - by tinhed
    After years of working on various Desktop Environments, i have come to the conclusion , that there are some KDE (qt) applications, which have no GTK equivalent. Can anyone please suggest a hybrid Gnome-KDE Distro having lots of apps installed by default. I have a slow- unreliable internet connection, so downloading large amounts of data would be aproblem. Linux Mint would have been my first choice, unfortunately the amount af apps bundled by default is quite limited.

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  • Best Linux Distro for Web Server

    <b>Tech Source:</b> "Best Linux Distro for Web Server: If you are planning to build a web hosting company or simply host your own website at home, then it is best to use Linux as your operating system."

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  • Can I prevent a Linux user space pthread yielding in critical code?

    - by KermitG
    I am working on an user space app for an embedded Linux project using the 2.6.24.3 kernel. My app passes data between two file nodes by creating 2 pthreads that each sleep until a asynchronous IO operation completes at which point it wakes and runs a completion handler. The completion handlers need to keep track of how many transfers are pending and maintain a handful of linked lists that one thread will add to and the other will remove. // sleep here until events arrive or time out expires for(;;) { no_of_events = io_getevents(ctx, 1, num_events, events, &timeout); // Process each aio event that has completed or thrown an error for (i=0; i<no_of_events; i++) { // Get pointer to completion handler io_complete = (io_callback_t) events[i].data; // Get pointer to data object iocb = (struct iocb *) events[i].obj; // Call completion handler and pass it the data object io_complete(ctx, iocb, events[i].res, events[i].res2); } } My question is this... Is there a simple way I can prevent the currently active thread from yielding whilst it runs the completion handler rather than going down the mutex/spin lock route? Or failing that can Linux be configured to prevent yielding a pthread when a mutex/spin lock is held?

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  • Heartbeat (Linux HA) and NetApp?

    - by Drew
    Does anyone have any experience setting up a high availability two node Linux cluster using heartbeat (linux-ha.org) and NetApp storage (preferably using SnapDrive for Linux)? Basically I would like to mount the same NetApp LUN over Fibre Channel to two servers in an Active/Passive mode (only one server can access the LUN at a time) Thanks!

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  • FFMPEG Install on EC2 - Amazon Linux

    - by Oliver Holmberg
    Hello Serverfault friends, I am about two days into attempting to install FFMPEG with dependencies on an AWS EC2 instance running the Amazon Linux AMI. I've installed FFMPEG on Ubuntu and Fedora systems with no problems in the past, and have read reportedly successful instructions on installing on Red Hat/Fedora. I have followed a number of tutorials and forum articles to do so, but have had no luck yet. As far as I can tell, the main problems are as followed: The amazon linux (Most similar to red-hat/centos) yum repositories don't have ffmpeg available. I have found instructions to update the repositories to include the required packages, but adding these repositories cause yum to fail in updating packages. (Also, I've read some cautionary tales about adding redhat/centos repositories to amazon linux that lead me to believe it may be a bad idea) (https://forums.aws.amazon.com/thread.jspa?messageID=229166) I have tried a more complicated method of downloading the source tarball, compiling, and installing, but this always fails due to missing dependencies and other errors. On to my question: Has anyone successfully installed FFMPEG on Amazon Linux? Is there a fundamental incompatibility? If anyone could share specific instructions on installing ffmpeg on amazon linux I would be greatly appreciative. Any other insights/experiences would also be appreciated. Thanks in advance, Oliver

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  • backupexec 12.5 not following symlinks on linux agent

    - by Peter Carrero
    Ok, we are at a loss here trying to backup a linux box to a backupexec server... we got a backupexec 12.5 server and a "backupexec for windows servers linux agent" (sigh) running on one of our linux boxes. When a backup runs, we get exceptions reported for our symbolic links. it says something like: BACKUP- \\<servername>\[ROOT] File \\<servername>\[ROOT]/<foldername>/<symlink> is in the backup selection list but was not found. Looking at the selection list, the symlink shows as a 1k file on BUE. Tools-Options-Backup has Backup files and directories by following symbolic links/junction points selected. These same checkboxes are selected on the Job Setup-Job Properties-Edit Template-Advanced Additionally, all the checkboxes are checkeced on Tools-Options-Linux, Unix, and Macintosh and on the Job Set-Job Properties-Edit Template-Linux, Unix, and Macintosh. These checkboxes read: "Preserve change time", "Follow local mount points", "Follow remote mount points", "Backup contents of soft-linked directories" and "Lock remote files", but apparently changing those options produce the same result. Any help on how to get BUE to make a proper backup would be greatly appreciated. Thanks.

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  • Best book for learning linux shell scripting?

    - by chakrit
    I normally works on Windows machines but on some occasions I do switch to development on linux. And my most recent project will be written entirely on a certain linix platforms (not the standard Apache/MySQL/PHP setup). So I thought it would pay to learn to write some linux automation script now. I can get around the system, start/stop services, compile/install stuffs fine. Those are probably basic drills for a programmer. But if, for example, I wanted to deploy a certain application automatically to a newly minted linux machine every month I'd love to know how to do it. So if I wanted to learn serious linux shell scripting, what book should I be reading? Thanks

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  • Linux installation analysis

    - by blunders
    "Ending company IT Admin relationship" has a good checklist for taking over an existing IT system, but I'm wondering as it relates to Linux: What is the most effective way to assess the scope of existing custom configurations, installs, scripts, etc done? Is there any software that will check if the kernel, system files, etc mirror the default files for the version installed? At this point I don't know what distro of Linux the server (though using Netcraft I do know the server appears to be Linux) -- so it's possible without knowing that information that this would be a hard question to answer.

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  • Windows CA to issue certificate to authenticate SSH to a Linux server

    - by BArnold
    I have a Windows Server Root Certificate Authority, Linux SSH server, and users with Windows SSH clients. The Linux box is not part of the AD domain (and probably never will be [sigh]) OpenSSH 5.4 and above supports X.509 certiicate based authentication. I am trying to find a way to use my Windows Certificate Authority to issue certificates for authentication of the users when the SSH to the Linux box. I do not want to have to generate a keypair on each user's desktop. And we want the certificates controlled and revokable at the Windows CA. My question is not exactly the same as SSH from Windows to Linux with AD certificates (and the referenced moelinux.net seems to be down) I have searched Google a lot, and haven't found much results about how to accomplish this. An answer doesn't necessarily have to include a full tutorial, even some hints about what to search on or pointers to some references may be helpful.

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  • Gre Tunnel Cisco Linux traffic forwarding

    - by mezgani
    I setup a gre tunnel a cisco router and a Linux machine, the tunnel interface in the Linux box named pic. Well i have to forward traffic coming from cisco through the Linux box. the rules i've set in the Linux box is described as follow: echo "1" /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward iptables -A INPUT -p 47 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i ppp0 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i pic -o ppp0 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i ppp0 -o pic -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE I see the traffic coming from tunnel and forwarded to internet but no reply from sent packet. May i miss something like a routing rule.

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