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  • Notifications for Expiring DBSNMP Passwords

    - by Courtney Llamas
    Most user accounts these days have a password profile on them that automatically expires the password after a set number of days.   Depending on your company’s security requirements, this may be as little as 30 days or as long as 365 days, although typically it falls between 60-90 days. For a normal user, this can cause a small interruption in your day as you have to go get your password reset by an admin. When this happens to privileged accounts, such as the DBSNMP account that is responsible for monitoring database availability, it can cause bigger problems. In Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c you may notice the error message “ORA-28002: the password will expire within 5 days” when you connect to a target, or worse you may get “ORA-28001: the password has expired". If you wait too long, your monitoring will fail because the password is locked out. Wouldn’t it be nice if we could get an alert 10 days before our DBSNMP password expired? Thanks to Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c Metric Extensions (ME), you can! See the Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control Administrator’s Guide for more information on Metric Extensions. To create a metric extension, select Enterprise / Monitoring / Metric Extensions, and then click on Create. On the General Properties screen select either Cluster Database or Database Instance, depending on which target you need to monitor.  If you have both RAC and Single instance you may need to create one for each. In this example we will create a Cluster Database metric.  Enter a Name for the ME and a Display Name. Then select SQL for the Adapter.  Adjust the Collection Schedule as desired, for this example we will collect this metric every 1 day. Notice for metric collected every day, we can determine the exact time we want to collect. On the Adapter page, enter the query that you wish to execute.  In this example we will use the query below that specifically checks for the DBSNMP user that is expiring within 10 days. Of course, you can adjust this query to alert for any user that can cause an outage such as an application account or service account such as RMAN. select username, account_status, trunc(expiry_date-sysdate) days_to_expirefrom dba_userswhere username = 'DBSNMP'and expiry_date is not null; The next step is to create the columns to store the data returned from the query.  Click Add and add a column for each of the fields in the same order that data is returned.  The table below will help you complete the column additions. Name Display Name Column Type Value Type Metric Category Unit Username User Name Key String Security AccountStatus Account Status Data String Security DaysToExpire Days Until Expiration Data Number Security Days When creating the DaysToExpire column, you can add a default threshold here for Warning and Critical (say < 10 and 5).  When all columns have been added, click Next. On the Credentials page, you can choose to use the default monitoring credentials or specify new credentials.  We will use the default credentials established for our target (dbsnmp). The next step is to test your Metric Extension.  Click on Add to select a target for testing, then click Select. Now click the button Run Test to execute the test against the selected target(s). We can see in the example below that the Metric Extension has executed and returned a value of 68 days to expire. Click Next to proceed. Review the metric extension in the final screen and click Finish. The metric will be created in Editable status.  Select the metric, click Actions and select Deployable Draft. You can do this once more to move to Published. Finally, we want to apply this metric to a target. When managing many targets, it’s best to add your metric to a template, for details on adding a Metric Extension to a template see the Administrator’s Guide. For this example, we will deploy this to a target directly. Select Actions / Deploy to Targets. Click Add and select the target you wish to deploy to and click Submit.  Once deployment is complete, we can go to the target and view the Metric & Collection Settings to see the new metric and its thresholds.   After some time, you will find the metric has collected and the days to expiration for DBSNMP user can be seen in the All Metrics view.   For metrics collected once per day, you may have to wait up to 24 hours to see the metric and current severity. In the example below, the current severity is Clear (green check) as it is not scheduled to expire within 10 days. To test the notification, we can edit the thresholds for the new metric so they trigger an alert.  Our password expires in 139 days, so we’ll change our Warning to 140 and leave Critical at 5, in our example we also changed the collection time to every 5 minutes.  At the next collection, you’ll find that the current severity changes to a Warning and any related Incident Rules would be triggered to create an Incident or Notification as desired. Now that you get a notification that your DBSNMP passwords is about to expire, you can use OEM Command Line Interface (EM CLI) verb update_db_password to change it at both the database target and the OEM target in one step.  The caveat is you must know the existing password to use the update_db_password command.  To learn more about EM CLI, see the Oracle Enterprise Manager Command Line Interface Guide.  Below is an example of changing the password with the update_db_password verb.  $ ./emcli update_db_password -target_name=emrep -target_type=oracle_database -user_name=dbsnmp -change_at_target=yes -change_all_references=yes Enter value for old_password :Enter value for new_password :Enter value for retype_new_password :Successfully submitted a job to change the password in Enterprise Manager and on the target database: "emrep"Execute "emcli get_jobs -job_id=FA66C1C4D663297FE0437656F20ACC84" to check the status of the job.Search for job name "CHANGE_PWD_JOB_FA66C1C4D662297FE0437656F20ACC84" on the Jobs home page to check job execution details. The subsequent job created will typically run quickly enough that a blackout is not needed, however if you submit a script with many targets to change, your job may run slower so adding a blackout to the script is recommended. $ ./emcli get_jobs -job_id=FA66C1C4D663297FE0437656F20ACC84 Name Type Job ID Execution ID Scheduled Completed TZ Offset Status Status ID Owner Target Type Target Name CHANGE_PWD_JOB_FA66C1C4D662297FE0437656F20ACC84 ChangePassword FA66C1C4D663297FE0437656F20ACC84 FA66C1C4D665297FE0437656F20ACC84 2014-05-28 09:39:12 2014-05-28 09:39:18 GMT-07:00 Succeeded 5 SYSMAN oracle_database emrep After implementing the above Metric Extension and using the EM CLI update_db_password verb, you will be able to stay on top of your DBSNMP password changes without experiencing an unplanned monitoring outage.  

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  • Apply jquery selectbox style on chained selectbox

    - by ktsixit
    Hi all, I have created a pair of chained selectboxes in my page. The second selectbox is filled with a set of values, depending on the first box's selected value. The script that makes the two selectboxes work like this, uses php and javascript. This is the code I'm using: form <select name="continent" tabindex="1" onChange="getCountry(this.value)"> <option value="#">-Select-</option> <option value="Europe">Europe</option> <option value="Asia">Asia</option> </select> <div id="countrydiv"> <select name="country" tabindex="2"> <option></option> </select> </div> <input type="submit" /> </form> javascript code $(document).ready(function() { $('select[name="continent"]').selectbox({debug: true}); $('select[name="country"]').selectbox({debug: true}); }); function getXMLHTTP() { //fuction to return the xml http object var xmlhttp=false; try{ xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest(); } catch(e) { try{ xmlhttp= new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); } catch(e){ try{ xmlhttp = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP"); } catch(e1){ xmlhttp=false; } } } return xmlhttp; } function getCountry(continentId) { var strURL="findCountry.php?continent="+continentId; var req = getXMLHTTP(); if (req) { req.onreadystatechange = function() { if (req.readyState == 4) { // only if "OK" if (req.status == 200) { document.getElementById('countrydiv').innerHTML=req.responseText; } else { alert("There was a problem while using XMLHTTP:\n" + req.statusText); } } } req.open("GET", strURL, true); req.send(null); } } php code (findCountry.php) <? $continent=intval($_GET['continent']); if ($_GET['continent'] == 'Europe') { ?> <select name="country"> <option value="France">France</option> <option value="Germany">Germany</option> <option value="Spain">Spain</option> <option value="Italy">Italy</option> </select> <? } if ($_GET['continent'] == 'Asia') { ?> <select name="country"> <option value="China">China</option> <option value="India">India</option> <option value="Japan">Japan</option> </select> <? } ?> What I want to do is to apply jquery selectbox styling on these selectboxes. I haven't succeeded in doing that yet. The problem is that jquery is hiding the normal selectbox and is replacing it with a list. Furthermore, after selectbox's content is refreshed, jquery cannot re-construct it into a list. You can take a look of the jquery code here Is there something I can do to combine these techniques? I have tried a million things but nothing worked. Can you please help me?

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  • How to use XSLT to tag specific nodes with unique, sequential, increasing integer ids?

    - by ~otakuj462
    Hi, I'm trying to use XSLT to transform a document by tagging a group of XML nodes with integer ids, starting at 0, and increasing by one for each node in the group. The XML passed into the stylesheet should be echoed out, but augmented to include this extra information. Just to be clear about what I am talking about, here is how this transformation would be expressed using DOM: states = document.getElementsByTagName("state"); for( i = 0; i < states.length; i++){ states.stateNum = i; } This is very simple with DOM, but I'm having much more trouble doing this with XSLT. The current strategy I've devised has been to start with the identity transformation, then create a global variable which selects and stores all of the nodes that I wish to number. I then create a template that matches that kind of node. The idea, then, is that in the template, I would look up the matched node's position in the global variable nodelist, which would give me a unique number that I could then set as an attribute. The problem with this approach is that the position function can only be used with the context node, so something like the following is illegal: <template match="state"> <variable name="stateId" select="@id"/> <variable name="uniqueStateNum" select="$globalVariable[@id = $stateId]/position()"/> </template> The same is true for the following: <template match="state"> <variable name="stateId" select="@id" <variable name="stateNum" select="position($globalVariable[@id = $stateId])/"/> </template> In order to use position() to look up the position of an element in $globalVariable, the context node must be changed. I have found a solution, but it is highly suboptimal. Basically, in the template, I use for-each to iterate through the global variable. For-each changes the context node, so this allows me to use position() in the way I described. The problem is that this turns what would normally be an O(n) operation into an O(n^2) operation, where n is the length of the nodelist, as this require iterating through the whole list whenever the template is matched. I think that there must be a more elegant solution. Altogether, here is my current (slightly simplified) xslt stylesheet: <?xml version="1.0"?> <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2005/07/scxml" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/07/scxml" xmlns:c="http://msdl.cs.mcgill.ca/" version="1.0"> <xsl:output method="xml"/> <!-- we copy them, so that we can use their positions as identifiers --> <xsl:variable name="states" select="//s:state" /> <!-- identity transform --> <xsl:template match="@*|node()"> <xsl:copy> <xsl:apply-templates select="@*|node()"/> </xsl:copy> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="s:state"> <xsl:variable name="stateId"> <xsl:value-of select="@id"/> </xsl:variable> <xsl:copy> <xsl:apply-templates select="@*"/> <xsl:for-each select="$states"> <xsl:if test="@id = $stateId"> <xsl:attribute name="stateNum" namespace="http://msdl.cs.mcgill.ca/"> <xsl:value-of select="position()"/> </xsl:attribute> </xsl:if> </xsl:for-each> <xsl:apply-templates select="node()"/> </xsl:copy> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> I'd appreciate any advice anyone can offer. Thanks.

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  • Quick guide to Oracle IRM 11g: Configuring SSL

    - by Simon Thorpe
    Quick guide to Oracle IRM 11g index So far in this guide we have an IRM Server up and running, however I skipped over SSL configuration in the previous article because I wanted to focus in more detail now. You can, if you wish, not bother with setting up SSL, but considering this is a security technology it is worthwhile doing. Contents Setting up a one way, self signed SSL certificate in WebLogic Setting up an official SSL certificate in Apache 2.x Configuring Apache to proxy traffic to the IRM server There are two common scenarios in which an Oracle IRM server is configured. For a development or evaluation system, people usually communicate directly to the WebLogic Server running the IRM service. However in a production environment and for some proof of concept evaluations that require a setup reflecting a production system, the traffic to the IRM server travels via a web server proxy, commonly Apache. In this guide we are building an Oracle Enterprise Linux based IRM service and this article will go over the configuration of SSL in WebLogic and also in Apache. Like in the past articles, we are going to use two host names in the configuration below,irm.company.com will refer to the public Apache server irm.company.internal will refer to the internal WebLogic IRM server Setting up a one way, self signed SSL certificate in WebLogic First lets look at creating just a simple self signed SSL certificate to be used in WebLogic. This is a quick and easy way to get SSL working in your environment, however the downside is that no browsers are going to trust this certificate you create and you'll need to manually install the certificate onto any machine's communicating with the server. This is fine for development or when you have only a few users evaluating the system, but for any significant use it's usually better to have a fully trusted certificate in use and I explain that in the next section. But for now lets go through creating, installing and testing a self signed certificate. We use a library in Java to create the certificates, open a console and running the following commands. Note you should choose your own secure passwords whenever you see password below. [oracle@irm /] source /oracle/middleware/wlserver_10.3/server/bin/setWLSEnv.sh [oracle@irm /] cd /oracle/middleware/user_projects/domains/irm_domain/config/fmwconfig/ [oracle@irm /] java utils.CertGen -selfsigned -certfile MyOwnSelfCA.cer -keyfile MyOwnSelfKey.key -keyfilepass password -cn "irm.oracle.demo" [oracle@irm /] java utils.ImportPrivateKey -keystore MyOwnIdentityStore.jks -storepass password -keypass password -alias trustself -certfile MyOwnSelfCA.cer.pem -keyfile MyOwnSelfKey.key.pem -keyfilepass password [oracle@irm /] keytool -import -trustcacerts -alias trustself -keystore TrustMyOwnSelf.jks -file MyOwnSelfCA.cer.der -keyalg RSA We now have two Java Key Stores, MyOwnIdentityStore.jks and TrustMyOwnSelf.jks. These contain keys and certificates which we will use in WebLogic Server. Now we need to tell the IRM server to use these stores when setting up SSL connections for incoming requests. Make sure the Admin server is running and login into the WebLogic Console at http://irm.company.intranet:7001/console and do the following; In the menu on the left, select the + next to Environment to expose the submenu, then click on Servers. You will see two servers in the list, AdminServer(admin) and IRM_server1. If the IRM server is running, shut it down either by hitting CONTROL + C in the console window it was started from, or you can switch to the CONTROL tab, select IRM_server1 and then select the Shutdown menu and then Force Shutdown Now. In the Configuration tab select IRM_server1 and switch to the Keystores tab. By default WebLogic Server uses it's own demo identity and trust. We are now going to switch to the self signed one's we've just created. So select the Change button and switch to Custom Identity and Custom Trust and hit save. Now we have to complete the resulting fields, the setting's i've used in my evaluation server are below. IdentityCustom Identity Keystore: /oracle/middleware/user_projects/domains/irm_domain/config/fmwconfig/MyOwnIdentityStore.jks Custom Identity Keystore Type: JKS Custom Identity Keystore Passphrase: password Confirm Custom Identity Keystore Passphrase: password TrustCustom Trust Keystore: /oracle/middleware/user_projects/domains/irm_domain/config/fmwconfig/TrustMyOwnSelf.jks Custom Trust Keystore Type: JKS Custom Trust Keystore Passphrase: password Confirm Custom Trust Keystore Passphrase: password Now click on the SSL tab for the IRM_server1 and enter in the alias and passphrase, in my demo here the details are; IdentityPrivate Key Alias: trustself Private Key Passphrase: password Confirm Private Key Passphrase: password And hit save. Now lets test a connection to the IRM server over HTTPS using SSL. Go back to a console window and start the IRM server, a quick reminder on how to do this is... [oracle@irm /] cd /oracle/middleware/user_projects/domains/irm_domain/bin [oracle@irm /] ./startManagedWeblogic IRM_server1 Once running, open a browser and head to the SSL port of the server. By default the IRM server will be listening on the URL https://irm.company.intranet:16101/irm_rights. Note in the example image on the right the port is 7002 because it's a system that has the IRM services installed on the Admin server, this isn't typical (or advisable). Your system is going to have a separate managed server which will be listening on port 16101. Once you open this address you will notice that your browser is going to complain that the server certificate is untrusted. The images on the right show how Firefox displays this error. You are going to be prompted every time you create a new SSL session with the server, both from the browser and more annoyingly from the IRM Desktop. If you plan on always using a self signed certificate, it is worth adding it to the Windows certificate store so that when you are accessing sealed content you do not keep being informed this certificate is not trusted. Follow these instructions (which are for Internet Explorer 8, they may vary for your version of IE.) Start Internet Explorer and open the URL to your IRM server over SSL, e.g. https://irm.company.intranet:16101/irm_rights. IE will complain that about the certificate, click on Continue to this website (not recommended). From the IE Tools menu select Internet Options and from the resulting dialog select Security and then click on Trusted Sites and then the Sites button. Add to the list of trusted sites a URL which mates the server you are accessing, e.g. https://irm.company.intranet/ and select OK. Now refresh the page you were accessing and next to the URL you should see a red cross and the words Certificate Error. Click on this button and select View Certificates. You will now see a dialog with the details of the self signed certificate and the Install Certificate... button should be enabled. Click on this to start the wizard. Click next and you'll be asked where you should install the certificate. Change the option to Place all certificates in the following store. Select browse and choose the Trusted Root Certification Authorities location and hit OK. You'll then be prompted to install the certificate and answer yes. You also need to import the root signed certificate into the same location, so once again select the red Certificate Error option and this time when viewing the certificate, switch to the Certification Path tab and you should see a CertGenCAB certificate. Select this and then click on View Certificate and go through the same process as above to import the certificate into the store. Finally close all instances of the IE browser and re-access the IRM server URL again, this time you should not receive any errors. Setting up an official SSL certificate in Apache 2.x At this point we now have an IRM server that you can communicate with over SSL. However this certificate isn't trusted by any browser because it's path of trust doesn't end in a recognized certificate authority (CA). Also you are communicating directly to the WebLogic Server over a non standard SSL port, 16101. In a production environment it is common to have another device handle the initial public internet traffic and then proxy this to the WebLogic server. The diagram below shows a very simplified view of this type of deployment. What i'm going to walk through next is configuring Apache to proxy traffic to a WebLogic server and also to use a real SSL certificate from an official CA. First step is to configure Apache to handle incoming requests over SSL. In this guide I am configuring the IRM service in Oracle Enterprise Linux 5 update 3 and Apache 2.2.3 which came with OpenSSL and mod_ssl components. Before I purchase an SSL certificate, I need to generate a certificate request from the server. Oracle.com uses Verisign and for my own personal needs I use cheaper certificates from GoDaddy. The following instructions are specific to Apache, but there are many references out there for other web servers. For Apache I have OpenSSL and the commands are; [oracle@irm /] cd /usr/bin [oracle@irm bin] openssl genrsa -des3 -out irm-apache-server.key 2048 Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus ............................+++ .........+++ e is 65537 (0x10001) Enter pass phrase for irm-apache-server.key: Verifying - Enter pass phrase for irm-apache-server.key: [oracle@irm bin] openssl req -new -key irm-apache-server.key -out irm-apache-server.csr Enter pass phrase for irm-apache-server.key: You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [GB]:US State or Province Name (full name) [Berkshire]:CA Locality Name (eg, city) [Newbury]:San Francisco Organization Name (eg, company) [My Company Ltd]:Oracle Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Security Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:irm.company.com Email Address []:[email protected] Please enter the following 'extra' attributes to be sent with your certificate request A challenge password []:testing An optional company name []: You must make sure to remember the pass phrase you used in the initial key generation, you will need this when later configuring Apache. In the /usr/bin directory there are now two new files. The irm-apache-server.csr contains our certificate request and is what you cut and paste, or upload, to your certificate authority when you purchase and validate your SSL certificate. In response you will typically get two files. Your server certificate and another certificate file that will likely contain a set of certificates from your CA which validate your certificate's trust. Next we need to configure Apache to use these files. Typically there is an ssl.conf file which is where all the SSL configuration is done. On my Oracle Enterprise Linux server this file is located in /etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf and i've added the following lines. <VirtualHost irm.company.com> # Setup SSL for irm.company.com ServerName irm.company.com SSLEngine On SSLCertificateFile /oracle/secure/irm.company.com.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /oracle/secure/irm.company.com.key SSLCertificateChainFile /oracle/secure/gd_bundle.crt </VirtualHost> Restarting Apache (apachectl restart) and I can now attempt to connect to the Apache server in a web browser, https://irm.company.com/. If all is configured correctly I should now see an Apache test page delivered to me over HTTPS. Configuring Apache to proxy traffic to the IRM server Final piece in setting up SSL is to have Apache proxy requests for the IRM server but do so securely. So the requests to Apache will be over HTTPS using a legitimate certificate, but we can also configure Apache to proxy these requests internally across to the IRM server using SSL with the self signed certificate we generated at the start of this article. To do this proxying we use the WebLogic Web Server plugin for Apache which you can download here from Oracle. Download the zip file and extract onto the server. The file extraction reveals a set of zip files, each one specific to a supported web server. In my instance I am using Apache 2.2 32bit on an Oracle Enterprise Linux, 64 bit server. If you are not sure what version your Apache server is, run the command /usr/sbin/httpd -V and you'll see version and it its 32 or 64 bit. Mine is a 32bit server so I need to extract the file WLSPlugin1.1-Apache2.2-linux32-x86.zip. The from the resulting lib folder copy the file mod_wl.so into /usr/lib/httpd/modules/. First we want to test that the plug in will work for regular HTTP traffic. Edit the httpd.conf for Apache and add the following section at the bottom. LoadModule weblogic_module modules/mod_wl.so <IfModule mod_weblogic.c>    WebLogicHost irm.company.internal    WebLogicPort 16100    WLLogFile /tmp/wl-proxy.log </IfModule> <Location /irm_rights>    SetHandler weblogic-handler </Location> <Location /irm_desktop>    SetHandler weblogic-handler </Location> <Location /irm_sealing>    SetHandler weblogic-handler </Location> <Location /irm_services>    SetHandler weblogic-handler </Location> Now restart Apache again (apachectl restart) and now open a browser to http://irm.company.com/irm_rights. Apache will proxy the HTTP traffic from the port 80 of your Apache server to the IRM service listening on port 16100 of the WebLogic Managed server. Note above I have included all four of the Locations you might wish to proxy. http://irm.company.internalirm_rights is the URL to the management website, /irm_desktop is the URL used for the IRM Desktop to communicate. irm_sealing is for web services based document sealing and irm_services is for IRM server web services. The last two are typically only used when you have the IRM server integrated with another application and it is unlikely you'd be accessing these resources from the public facing Apache server. However, just in case, i've mentioned them above. Now let's enable SSL communication from Apache to WebLogic. In the ZIP file we extracted were some more modules we need to copy into the Apache folder. Looking back in the lib that we extracted, there are some more files. Copy the following into the /usr/lib/httpd/modules/ folder. libwlssl.so libnnz11.so libclntsh.so.11.1 Now the documentation states that should only need to do this, but I found that I also needed to create an environment variable called LD_LIBRARY_PATH and point this to the folder /usr/lib/httpd/modules/. If I didn't do this, starting Apache with the WebLogic module configured to SSL would throw the error. [crit] (20014)Internal error: WL SSL Init failed for server: (null) on 0 So I had to edit the file /etc/profile and add the following lines at the bottom. You may already have the LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable defined, therefore simply add this path to it. LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/httpd/modules/ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH Now the WebLogic plug in uses an Oracle Wallet to store the required certificates.You'll need to copy the self signed certificate from the IRM server over to the Apache server. Copy over the MyOwnSelfCA.cer.der into the same folder where you are storing your public certificates, in my example this is /oracle/secure. It's worth mentioning these files should ONLY be readable by root (the user Apache runs as). Now lets create an Oracle Wallet and import the self signed certificate from the IRM server. The file orapki was included in the bin folder of the Apache 1.1 plugin zip you extracted. orapki wallet create -wallet /oracle/secure/my-wallet -auto_login_only orapki wallet add -wallet /oracle/secure/my-wallet -trusted_cert -cert MyOwnSelfCA.cer.der -auto_login_only Finally change the httpd.conf to reflect that we want the WebLogic Apache plug-in to use HTTPS/SSL and not just plain HTTP. <IfModule mod_weblogic.c>    WebLogicHost irm.company.internal    WebLogicPort 16101    SecureProxy ON    WLSSLWallet /oracle/secure/my-wallet    WLLogFile /tmp/wl-proxy.log </IfModule> Then restart Apache once more and you can go back to the browser to test the communication. Opening the URL https://irm.company.com/irm_rights will proxy your request to the WebLogic server at https://irm.company.internal:16101/irm_rights. At this point you have a fully functional Oracle IRM service, the next step is to create a sealed document and test the entire system.

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  • jQuery and Windows Azure

    - by Stephen Walther
    The goal of this blog entry is to describe how you can host a simple Ajax application created with jQuery in the Windows Azure cloud. In this blog entry, I make no assumptions. I assume that you have never used Windows Azure and I am going to walk through the steps required to host the application in the cloud in agonizing detail. Our application will consist of a single HTML page and a single service. The HTML page will contain jQuery code that invokes the service to retrieve and display set of records. There are five steps that you must complete to host the jQuery application: Sign up for Windows Azure Create a Hosted Service Install the Windows Azure Tools for Visual Studio Create a Windows Azure Cloud Service Deploy the Cloud Service Sign Up for Windows Azure Go to http://www.microsoft.com/windowsazure/ and click the Sign up Now button. Select one of the offers. I selected the Introductory Special offer because it is free and I just wanted to experiment with Windows Azure for the purposes of this blog entry.     To sign up, you will need a Windows Live ID and you will need to enter a credit card number. After you finish the sign up process, you will receive an email that explains how to activate your account. Accessing the Developer Portal After you create your account and your account is activated, you can access the Windows Azure developer portal by visiting the following URL: http://windows.azure.com/ When you first visit the developer portal, you will see the one project that you created when you set up your Windows Azure account (In a fit of creativity, I named my project StephenWalther).     Creating a New Windows Azure Hosted Service Before you can host an application in the cloud, you must first add a hosted service to your project. Click your project on the summary page and click the New Service link. You are presented with the option of creating either a new Storage Account or a new Hosted Services.     Because we have code that we want to run in the cloud – the WCF Service -- we want to select the Hosted Services option. After you select this option, you must provide a name and description for your service. This information is used on the developer portal so you can distinguish your services.     When you create a new hosted service, you must enter a unique name for your service (I selected jQueryApp) and you must select a region for this service (I selected Anywhere US). Click the Create button to create the new hosted service.   Install the Windows Azure Tools for Visual Studio We’ll use Visual Studio to create our jQuery project. Before you can use Visual Studio with Windows Azure, you must first install the Windows Azure Tools for Visual Studio. Go to http://www.microsoft.com/windowsazure/ and click the Get Tools and SDK button. The Windows Azure Tools for Visual Studio works with both Visual Studio 2008 and Visual Studio 2010.   Installation of the Windows Azure Tools for Visual Studio is painless. You just need to check some agreement checkboxes and click the Next button a few times and installation will begin:   Creating a Windows Azure Application After you install the Windows Azure Tools for Visual Studio, you can choose to create a Windows Azure Cloud Service by selecting the menu option File, New Project and selecting the Windows Azure Cloud Service project template. I named my new Cloud Service with the name jQueryApp.     Next, you need to select the type of Cloud Service project that you want to create from the New Cloud Service Project dialog.   I selected the C# ASP.NET Web Role option. Alternatively, I could have picked the ASP.NET MVC 2 Web Role option if I wanted to use jQuery with ASP.NET MVC or even the CGI Web Role option if I wanted to use jQuery with PHP. After you complete these steps, you end up with two projects in your Visual Studio solution. The project named WebRole1 represents your ASP.NET application and we will use this project to create our jQuery application. Creating the jQuery Application in the Cloud We are now ready to create the jQuery application. We’ll create a super simple application that displays a list of records retrieved from a WCF service (hosted in the cloud). Create a new page in the WebRole1 project named Default.htm and add the following code: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Products</title> <style type="text/css"> #productContainer div { border:solid 1px black; padding:5px; margin:5px; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>Product Catalog</h1> <div id="productContainer"></div> <script id="productTemplate" type="text/html"> <div> Name: {{= name }} <br /> Price: {{= price }} </div> </script> <script src="Scripts/jquery-1.4.2.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="Scripts/jquery.tmpl.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var products = [ {name:"Milk", price:4.55}, {name:"Yogurt", price:2.99}, {name:"Steak", price:23.44} ]; $("#productTemplate").render(products).appendTo("#productContainer"); </script> </body> </html> The jQuery code in this page simply displays a list of products by using a template. I am using a jQuery template to format each product. You can learn more about using jQuery templates by reading the following blog entry by Scott Guthrie: http://weblogs.asp.net/scottgu/archive/2010/05/07/jquery-templates-and-data-linking-and-microsoft-contributing-to-jquery.aspx You can test whether the Default.htm page is working correctly by running your application (hit the F5 key). The first time that you run your application, a database is set up on your local machine to simulate cloud storage. You will see the following dialog: If the Default.htm page works as expected, you should see the list of three products: Adding an Ajax-Enabled WCF Service In the previous section, we created a simple jQuery application that displays an array by using a template. The application is a little too simple because the data is static. In this section, we’ll modify the page so that the data is retrieved from a WCF service instead of an array. First, we need to add a new Ajax-enabled WCF Service to the WebRole1 project. Select the menu option Project, Add New Item and select the Ajax-enabled WCF Service project item. Name the new service ProductService.svc. Modify the service so that it returns a static collection of products. The final code for the ProductService.svc should look like this: using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ServiceModel; using System.ServiceModel.Activation; namespace WebRole1 { public class Product { public string name { get; set; } public decimal price { get; set; } } [ServiceContract(Namespace = "")] [AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)] public class ProductService { [OperationContract] public IList<Product> SelectProducts() { var products = new List<Product>(); products.Add(new Product {name="Milk", price=4.55m} ); products.Add(new Product { name = "Yogurt", price = 2.99m }); products.Add(new Product { name = "Steak", price = 23.44m }); return products; } } }   In real life, you would want to retrieve the list of products from storage instead of a static array. We are being lazy here. Next you need to modify the Default.htm page to use the ProductService.svc. The jQuery script in the following updated Default.htm page makes an Ajax call to the WCF service. The data retrieved from the ProductService.svc is displayed in the client template. <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Products</title> <style type="text/css"> #productContainer div { border:solid 1px black; padding:5px; margin:5px; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>Product Catalog</h1> <div id="productContainer"></div> <script id="productTemplate" type="text/html"> <div> Name: {{= name }} <br /> Price: {{= price }} </div> </script> <script src="Scripts/jquery-1.4.2.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="Scripts/jquery.tmpl.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> $.post("ProductService.svc/SelectProducts", function (results) { var products = results["d"]; $("#productTemplate").render(products).appendTo("#productContainer"); }); </script> </body> </html>   Deploying the jQuery Application to the Cloud Now that we have created our jQuery application, we are ready to deploy our application to the cloud so that the whole world can use it. Right-click your jQueryApp project in the Solution Explorer window and select the Publish menu option. When you select publish, your application and your application configuration information is packaged up into two files named jQueryApp.cspkg and ServiceConfiguration.cscfg. Visual Studio opens the directory that contains the two files. In order to deploy these files to the Windows Azure cloud, you must upload these files yourself. Return to the Windows Azure Developers Portal at the following address: http://windows.azure.com/ Select your project and select the jQueryApp service. You will see a mysterious cube. Click the Deploy button to upload your application.   Next, you need to browse to the location on your hard drive where the jQueryApp project was published and select both the packaged application and the packaged application configuration file. Supply the deployment with a name and click the Deploy button.     While your application is in the process of being deployed, you can view a progress bar.     Running the jQuery Application in the Cloud Finally, you can run your jQuery application in the cloud by clicking the Run button.   It might take several minutes for your application to initialize (go grab a coffee). After WebRole1 finishes initializing, you can navigate to the following URL to view your live jQuery application in the cloud: http://jqueryapp.cloudapp.net/default.htm The page is hosted on the Windows Azure cloud and the WCF service executes every time that you request the page to retrieve the list of products. Summary Because we started from scratch, we needed to complete several steps to create and deploy our jQuery application to the Windows Azure cloud. We needed to create a Windows Azure account, create a hosted service, install the Windows Azure Tools for Visual Studio, create the jQuery application, and deploy it to the cloud. Now that we have finished this process once, modifying our existing cloud application or creating a new cloud application is easy. jQuery and Windows Azure work nicely together. We can take advantage of jQuery to build applications that run in the browser and we can take advantage of Windows Azure to host the backend services required by our jQuery application. The big benefit of Windows Azure is that it enables us to scale. If, all of the sudden, our jQuery application explodes in popularity, Windows Azure enables us to easily scale up to meet the demand. We can handle anything that the Internet might throw at us.

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  • JMS Step 6 - How to Set Up an AQ JMS (Advanced Queueing JMS) for SOA Purposes

    - by John-Brown.Evans
    JMS Step 6 - How to Set Up an AQ JMS (Advanced Queueing JMS) for SOA Purposes .jblist{list-style-type:disc;margin:0;padding:0;padding-left:0pt;margin-left:36pt} ol{margin:0;padding:0} .c17_6{vertical-align:top;width:468pt;border-style:solid;border-color:#000000;border-width:1pt;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt} .c5_6{vertical-align:top;border-style:solid;border-color:#000000;border-width:1pt;padding:0pt 5pt 0pt 5pt} .c6_6{vertical-align:top;width:156pt;border-style:solid;border-color:#000000;border-width:1pt;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt} .c15_6{background-color:#ffffff} .c10_6{color:#1155cc;text-decoration:underline} .c1_6{text-align:center;direction:ltr} .c0_6{line-height:1.0;direction:ltr} .c16_6{color:#666666;font-size:12pt} .c18_6{color:inherit;text-decoration:inherit} .c8_6{background-color:#f3f3f3} .c2_6{direction:ltr} .c14_6{font-size:8pt} .c11_6{font-size:10pt} .c7_6{font-weight:bold} .c12_6{height:0pt} .c3_6{height:11pt} .c13_6{border-collapse:collapse} .c4_6{font-family:"Courier New"} .c9_6{font-style:italic} .title{padding-top:24pt;line-height:1.15;text-align:left;color:#000000;font-size:36pt;font-family:"Arial";font-weight:bold;padding-bottom:6pt} .subtitle{padding-top:18pt;line-height:1.15;text-align:left;color:#666666;font-style:italic;font-size:24pt;font-family:"Georgia";padding-bottom:4pt} li{color:#000000;font-size:10pt;font-family:"Arial"} p{color:#000000;font-size:10pt;margin:0;font-family:"Arial"} h1{padding-top:0pt;line-height:1.15;text-align:left;color:#888;font-size:24pt;font-family:"Arial";font-weight:normal} h2{padding-top:0pt;line-height:1.15;text-align:left;color:#888;font-size:18pt;font-family:"Arial";font-weight:normal} h3{padding-top:0pt;line-height:1.15;text-align:left;color:#888;font-size:14pt;font-family:"Arial";font-weight:normal} h4{padding-top:0pt;line-height:1.15;text-align:left;color:#888;font-size:12pt;font-family:"Arial";font-weight:normal} h5{padding-top:0pt;line-height:1.15;text-align:left;color:#888;font-size:11pt;font-family:"Arial";font-weight:normal} h6{padding-top:0pt;line-height:1.15;text-align:left;color:#888;font-size:10pt;font-family:"Arial";font-weight:normal} This post continues the series of JMS articles which demonstrate how to use JMS queues in a SOA context. The previous posts were: JMS Step 1 - How to Create a Simple JMS Queue in Weblogic Server 11g JMS Step 2 - Using the QueueSend.java Sample Program to Send a Message to a JMS Queue JMS Step 3 - Using the QueueReceive.java Sample Program to Read a Message from a JMS Queue JMS Step 4 - How to Create an 11g BPEL Process Which Writes a Message Based on an XML Schema to a JMS Queue JMS Step 5 - How to Create an 11g BPEL Process Which Reads a Message Based on an XML Schema from a JMS Queue This example leads you through the creation of an Oracle database Advanced Queue and the related WebLogic server objects in order to use AQ JMS in connection with a SOA composite. If you have not already done so, I recommend you look at the previous posts in this series, as they include steps which this example builds upon. The following examples will demonstrate how to write and read from the queue from a SOA process. 1. Recap and Prerequisites In the previous examples, we created a JMS Queue, a Connection Factory and a Connection Pool in the WebLogic Server Console. Then we wrote and deployed BPEL composites, which enqueued and dequeued a simple XML payload. AQ JMS allows you to interoperate with database Advanced Queueing via JMS in WebLogic server and therefore take advantage of database features, while maintaining compliance with the JMS architecture. AQ JMS uses the WebLogic JMS Foreign Server framework. A full description of this functionality can be found in the following Oracle documentation Oracle® Fusion Middleware Configuring and Managing JMS for Oracle WebLogic Server 11g Release 1 (10.3.6) Part Number E13738-06 7. Interoperating with Oracle AQ JMS http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E23943_01/web.1111/e13738/aq_jms.htm#CJACBCEJ For easier reference, this sample will use the same names for the objects as in the above document, except for the name of the database user, as it is possible that this user already exists in your database. We will create the following objects Database Objects Name Type AQJMSUSER Database User MyQueueTable Advanced Queue (AQ) Table UserQueue Advanced Queue WebLogic Server Objects Object Name Type JNDI Name aqjmsuserDataSource Data Source jdbc/aqjmsuserDataSource AqJmsModule JMS System Module AqJmsForeignServer JMS Foreign Server AqJmsForeignServerConnectionFactory JMS Foreign Server Connection Factory AqJmsForeignServerConnectionFactory AqJmsForeignDestination AQ JMS Foreign Destination queue/USERQUEUE eis/aqjms/UserQueue Connection Pool eis/aqjms/UserQueue 2. Create a Database User and Advanced Queue The following steps can be executed in the database client of your choice, e.g. JDeveloper or SQL Developer. The examples below use SQL*Plus. Log in to the database as a DBA user, for example SYSTEM or SYS. Create the AQJMSUSER user and grant privileges to enable the user to create AQ objects. Create Database User and Grant AQ Privileges sqlplus system/password as SYSDBA GRANT connect, resource TO aqjmsuser IDENTIFIED BY aqjmsuser; GRANT aq_user_role TO aqjmsuser; GRANT execute ON sys.dbms_aqadm TO aqjmsuser; GRANT execute ON sys.dbms_aq TO aqjmsuser; GRANT execute ON sys.dbms_aqin TO aqjmsuser; GRANT execute ON sys.dbms_aqjms TO aqjmsuser; Create the Queue Table and Advanced Queue and Start the AQ The following commands are executed as the aqjmsuser database user. Create the Queue Table connect aqjmsuser/aqjmsuser; BEGIN dbms_aqadm.create_queue_table ( queue_table = 'myQueueTable', queue_payload_type = 'sys.aq$_jms_text_message', multiple_consumers = false ); END; / Create the AQ BEGIN dbms_aqadm.create_queue ( queue_name = 'userQueue', queue_table = 'myQueueTable' ); END; / Start the AQ BEGIN dbms_aqadm.start_queue ( queue_name = 'userQueue'); END; / The above commands can be executed in a single PL/SQL block, but are shown as separate blocks in this example for ease of reference. You can verify the queue by executing the SQL command SELECT object_name, object_type FROM user_objects; which should display the following objects: OBJECT_NAME OBJECT_TYPE ------------------------------ ------------------- SYS_C0056513 INDEX SYS_LOB0000170822C00041$$ LOB SYS_LOB0000170822C00040$$ LOB SYS_LOB0000170822C00037$$ LOB AQ$_MYQUEUETABLE_T INDEX AQ$_MYQUEUETABLE_I INDEX AQ$_MYQUEUETABLE_E QUEUE AQ$_MYQUEUETABLE_F VIEW AQ$MYQUEUETABLE VIEW MYQUEUETABLE TABLE USERQUEUE QUEUE Similarly, you can view the objects in JDeveloper via a Database Connection to the AQJMSUSER. 3. Configure WebLogic Server and Add JMS Objects All these steps are executed from the WebLogic Server Administration Console. Log in as the webLogic user. Configure a WebLogic Data Source The data source is required for the database connection to the AQ created above. Navigate to domain > Services > Data Sources and press New then Generic Data Source. Use the values:Name: aqjmsuserDataSource JNDI Name: jdbc/aqjmsuserDataSource Database type: Oracle Database Driver: *Oracle’ Driver (Thin XA) for Instance connections; Versions:9.0.1 and later Connection Properties: Enter the connection information to the database containing the AQ created above and enter aqjmsuser for the User Name and Password. Press Test Configuration to verify the connection details and press Next. Target the data source to the soa server. The data source will be displayed in the list. It is a good idea to test the data source at this stage. Click on aqjmsuserDataSource, select Monitoring > Testing > soa_server1 and press Test Data Source. The result is displayed at the top of the page. Configure a JMS System Module The JMS system module is required to host the JMS foreign server for AQ resources. Navigate to Services > Messaging > JMS Modules and select New. Use the values: Name: AqJmsModule (Leave Descriptor File Name and Location in Domain empty.) Target: soa_server1 Click Finish. The other resources will be created in separate steps. The module will be displayed in the list.   Configure a JMS Foreign Server A foreign server is required in order to reference a 3rd-party JMS provider, in this case the database AQ, within a local WebLogic server JNDI tree. Navigate to Services > Messaging > JMS Modules and select (click on) AqJmsModule to configure it. Under Summary of Resources, select New then Foreign Server. Name: AqJmsForeignServer Targets: The foreign server is targeted automatically to soa_server1, based on the JMS module’s target. Press Finish to create the foreign server. The foreign server resource will be listed in the Summary of Resources for the AqJmsModule, but needs additional configuration steps. Click on AqJmsForeignServer and select Configuration > General to complete the configuration: JNDI Initial Context Factory: oracle.jms.AQjmsInitialContextFactory JNDI Connection URL: <empty> JNDI Properties Credential:<empty> Confirm JNDI Properties Credential: <empty> JNDI Properties: datasource=jdbc/aqjmsuserDataSource This is an important property. It is the JNDI name of the data source created above, which points to the AQ schema in the database and must be entered as a name=value pair, as in this example, e.g. datasource=jdbc/aqjmsuserDataSource, including the “datasource=” property name. Default Targeting Enabled: Leave this value checked. Press Save to save the configuration. At this point it is a good idea to verify that the data source was written correctly to the config file. In a terminal window, navigate to $MIDDLEWARE_HOME/user_projects/domains/soa_domain/config/jms  and open the file aqjmsmodule-jms.xml . The foreign server configuration should contain the datasource name-value pair, as follows:   <foreign-server name="AqJmsForeignServer">         <default-targeting-enabled>true</default-targeting-enabled>         <initial-context-factory>oracle.jms.AQjmsInitialContextFactory</initial-context-factory>         <jndi-property>           <key> datasource </key>           <value> jdbc/aqjmsuserDataSource </value>         </jndi-property>   </foreign-server> </weblogic-jms> Configure a JMS Foreign Server Connection Factory When creating the foreign server connection factory, you enter local and remote JNDI names. The name of the connection factory itself and the local JNDI name are arbitrary, but the remote JNDI name must match a specific format, depending on the type of queue or topic to be accessed in the database. This is very important and if the incorrect value is used, the connection to the queue will not be established and the error messages you get will not immediately reflect the cause of the error. The formats required (Remote JNDI names for AQ JMS Connection Factories) are described in the section Configure AQ Destinations  of the Oracle® Fusion Middleware Configuring and Managing JMS for Oracle WebLogic Server document mentioned earlier. In this example, the remote JNDI name used is   XAQueueConnectionFactory  because it matches the AQ and data source created earlier, i.e. thin with AQ. Navigate to JMS Modules > AqJmsModule > AqJmsForeignServer > Connection Factories then New.Name: AqJmsForeignServerConnectionFactory Local JNDI Name: AqJmsForeignServerConnectionFactory Note: this local JNDI name is the JNDI name which your client application, e.g. a later BPEL process, will use to access this connection factory. Remote JNDI Name: XAQueueConnectionFactory Press OK to save the configuration. Configure an AQ JMS Foreign Server Destination A foreign server destination maps the JNDI name on the foreign JNDI provider to the respective local JNDI name, allowing the foreign JNDI name to be accessed via the local server. As with the foreign server connection factory, the local JNDI name is arbitrary (but must be unique), but the remote JNDI name must conform to a specific format defined in the section Configure AQ Destinations  of the Oracle® Fusion Middleware Configuring and Managing JMS for Oracle WebLogic Server document mentioned earlier. In our example, the remote JNDI name is Queues/USERQUEUE , because it references a queue (as opposed to a topic) with the name USERQUEUE. We will name the local JNDI name queue/USERQUEUE, which is a little confusing (note the missing “s” in “queue), but conforms better to the JNDI nomenclature in our SOA server and also allows us to differentiate between the local and remote names for demonstration purposes. Navigate to JMS Modules > AqJmsModule > AqJmsForeignServer > Destinations and select New.Name: AqJmsForeignDestination Local JNDI Name: queue/USERQUEUE Remote JNDI Name:Queues/USERQUEUE After saving the foreign destination configuration, this completes the JMS part of the configuration. We still need to configure the JMS adapter in order to be able to access the queue from a BPEL processt. 4. Create a JMS Adapter Connection Pool in Weblogic Server Create the Connection Pool Access to the AQ JMS queue from a BPEL or other SOA process in our example is done via a JMS adapter. To enable this, the JmsAdapter in WebLogic server needs to be configured to have a connection pool which points to the local connection factory JNDI name which was created earlier. Navigate to Deployments > Next and select (click on) the JmsAdapter. Select Configuration > Outbound Connection Pools and New. Check the radio button for oracle.tip.adapter.jms.IJmsConnectionFactory and press Next. JNDI Name: eis/aqjms/UserQueue Press Finish Expand oracle.tip.adapter.jms.IJmsConnectionFactory and click on eis/aqjms/UserQueue to configure it. The ConnectionFactoryLocation must point to the foreign server’s local connection factory name created earlier. In our example, this is AqJmsForeignServerConnectionFactory . As a reminder, this connection factory is located under JMS Modules > AqJmsModule > AqJmsForeignServer > Connection Factories and the value needed here is under Local JNDI Name. Enter AqJmsForeignServerConnectionFactory  into the Property Value field for ConnectionFactoryLocation. You must then press Return/Enter then Save for the value to be accepted. If your WebLogic server is running in Development mode, you should see the message that the changes have been activated and the deployment plan successfully updated. If not, then you will manually need to activate the changes in the WebLogic server console.Although the changes have been activated, the JmsAdapter needs to be redeployed in order for the changes to become effective. This should be confirmed by the message Remember to update your deployment to reflect the new plan when you are finished with your changes. Redeploy the JmsAdapter Navigate back to the Deployments screen, either by selecting it in the left-hand navigation tree or by selecting the “Summary of Deployments” link in the breadcrumbs list at the top of the screen. Then select the checkbox next to JmsAdapter and press the Update button. On the Update Application Assistant page, select “Redeploy this application using the following deployment files” and press Finish. After a few seconds you should get the message that the selected deployments were updated. The JMS adapter configuration is complete and it can now be used to access the AQ JMS queue. You can verify that the JNDI name was created correctly, by navigating to Environment > Servers > soa_server1 and View JNDI Tree. Then scroll down in the JNDI Tree Structure to eis and select aqjms. This concludes the sample. In the following post, I will show you how to create a BPEL process which sends a message to this advanced queue via JMS. Best regards John-Brown Evans Oracle Technology Proactive Support Delivery

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  • When is a SQL function not a function?

    - by Rob Farley
    Should SQL Server even have functions? (Oh yeah – this is a T-SQL Tuesday post, hosted this month by Brad Schulz) Functions serve an important part of programming, in almost any language. A function is a piece of code that is designed to return something, as opposed to a piece of code which isn’t designed to return anything (which is known as a procedure). SQL Server is no different. You can call stored procedures, even from within other stored procedures, and you can call functions and use these in other queries. Stored procedures might query something, and therefore ‘return data’, but a function in SQL is considered to have the type of the thing returned, and can be used accordingly in queries. Consider the internal GETDATE() function. SELECT GETDATE(), SomeDatetimeColumn FROM dbo.SomeTable; There’s no logical difference between the field that is being returned by the function and the field that’s being returned by the table column. Both are the datetime field – if you didn’t have inside knowledge, you wouldn’t necessarily be able to tell which was which. And so as developers, we find ourselves wanting to create functions that return all kinds of things – functions which look up values based on codes, functions which do string manipulation, and so on. But it’s rubbish. Ok, it’s not all rubbish, but it mostly is. And this isn’t even considering the SARGability impact. It’s far more significant than that. (When I say the SARGability aspect, I mean “because you’re unlikely to have an index on the result of some function that’s applied to a column, so try to invert the function and query the column in an unchanged manner”) I’m going to consider the three main types of user-defined functions in SQL Server: Scalar Inline Table-Valued Multi-statement Table-Valued I could also look at user-defined CLR functions, including aggregate functions, but not today. I figure that most people don’t tend to get around to doing CLR functions, and I’m going to focus on the T-SQL-based user-defined functions. Most people split these types of function up into two types. So do I. Except that most people pick them based on ‘scalar or table-valued’. I’d rather go with ‘inline or not’. If it’s not inline, it’s rubbish. It really is. Let’s start by considering the two kinds of table-valued function, and compare them. These functions are going to return the sales for a particular salesperson in a particular year, from the AdventureWorks database. CREATE FUNCTION dbo.FetchSales_inline(@salespersonid int, @orderyear int) RETURNS TABLE AS  RETURN (     SELECT e.LoginID as EmployeeLogin, o.OrderDate, o.SalesOrderID     FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader AS o     LEFT JOIN HumanResources.Employee AS e     ON e.EmployeeID = o.SalesPersonID     WHERE o.SalesPersonID = @salespersonid     AND o.OrderDate >= DATEADD(year,@orderyear-2000,'20000101')     AND o.OrderDate < DATEADD(year,@orderyear-2000+1,'20000101') ) ; GO CREATE FUNCTION dbo.FetchSales_multi(@salespersonid int, @orderyear int) RETURNS @results TABLE (     EmployeeLogin nvarchar(512),     OrderDate datetime,     SalesOrderID int     ) AS BEGIN     INSERT @results (EmployeeLogin, OrderDate, SalesOrderID)     SELECT e.LoginID, o.OrderDate, o.SalesOrderID     FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader AS o     LEFT JOIN HumanResources.Employee AS e     ON e.EmployeeID = o.SalesPersonID     WHERE o.SalesPersonID = @salespersonid     AND o.OrderDate >= DATEADD(year,@orderyear-2000,'20000101')     AND o.OrderDate < DATEADD(year,@orderyear-2000+1,'20000101')     ;     RETURN END ; GO You’ll notice that I’m being nice and responsible with the use of the DATEADD function, so that I have SARGability on the OrderDate filter. Regular readers will be hoping I’ll show what’s going on in the execution plans here. Here I’ve run two SELECT * queries with the “Show Actual Execution Plan” option turned on. Notice that the ‘Query cost’ of the multi-statement version is just 2% of the ‘Batch cost’. But also notice there’s trickery going on. And it’s nothing to do with that extra index that I have on the OrderDate column. Trickery. Look at it – clearly, the first plan is showing us what’s going on inside the function, but the second one isn’t. The second one is blindly running the function, and then scanning the results. There’s a Sequence operator which is calling the TVF operator, and then calling a Table Scan to get the results of that function for the SELECT operator. But surely it still has to do all the work that the first one is doing... To see what’s actually going on, let’s look at the Estimated plan. Now, we see the same plans (almost) that we saw in the Actuals, but we have an extra one – the one that was used for the TVF. Here’s where we see the inner workings of it. You’ll probably recognise the right-hand side of the TVF’s plan as looking very similar to the first plan – but it’s now being called by a stack of other operators, including an INSERT statement to be able to populate the table variable that the multi-statement TVF requires. And the cost of the TVF is 57% of the batch! But it gets worse. Let’s consider what happens if we don’t need all the columns. We’ll leave out the EmployeeLogin column. Here, we see that the inline function call has been simplified down. It doesn’t need the Employee table. The join is redundant and has been eliminated from the plan, making it even cheaper. But the multi-statement plan runs the whole thing as before, only removing the extra column when the Table Scan is performed. A multi-statement function is a lot more powerful than an inline one. An inline function can only be the result of a single sub-query. It’s essentially the same as a parameterised view, because views demonstrate this same behaviour of extracting the definition of the view and using it in the outer query. A multi-statement function is clearly more powerful because it can contain far more complex logic. But a multi-statement function isn’t really a function at all. It’s a stored procedure. It’s wrapped up like a function, but behaves like a stored procedure. It would be completely unreasonable to expect that a stored procedure could be simplified down to recognise that not all the columns might be needed, but yet this is part of the pain associated with this procedural function situation. The biggest clue that a multi-statement function is more like a stored procedure than a function is the “BEGIN” and “END” statements that surround the code. If you try to create a multi-statement function without these statements, you’ll get an error – they are very much required. When I used to present on this kind of thing, I even used to call it “The Dangers of BEGIN and END”, and yes, I’ve written about this type of thing before in a similarly-named post over at my old blog. Now how about scalar functions... Suppose we wanted a scalar function to return the count of these. CREATE FUNCTION dbo.FetchSales_scalar(@salespersonid int, @orderyear int) RETURNS int AS BEGIN     RETURN (         SELECT COUNT(*)         FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader AS o         LEFT JOIN HumanResources.Employee AS e         ON e.EmployeeID = o.SalesPersonID         WHERE o.SalesPersonID = @salespersonid         AND o.OrderDate >= DATEADD(year,@orderyear-2000,'20000101')         AND o.OrderDate < DATEADD(year,@orderyear-2000+1,'20000101')     ); END ; GO Notice the evil words? They’re required. Try to remove them, you just get an error. That’s right – any scalar function is procedural, despite the fact that you wrap up a sub-query inside that RETURN statement. It’s as ugly as anything. Hopefully this will change in future versions. Let’s have a look at how this is reflected in an execution plan. Here’s a query, its Actual plan, and its Estimated plan: SELECT e.LoginID, y.year, dbo.FetchSales_scalar(p.SalesPersonID, y.year) AS NumSales FROM (VALUES (2001),(2002),(2003),(2004)) AS y (year) CROSS JOIN Sales.SalesPerson AS p LEFT JOIN HumanResources.Employee AS e ON e.EmployeeID = p.SalesPersonID; We see here that the cost of the scalar function is about twice that of the outer query. Nicely, the query optimizer has worked out that it doesn’t need the Employee table, but that’s a bit of a red herring here. There’s actually something way more significant going on. If I look at the properties of that UDF operator, it tells me that the Estimated Subtree Cost is 0.337999. If I just run the query SELECT dbo.FetchSales_scalar(281,2003); we see that the UDF cost is still unchanged. You see, this 0.0337999 is the cost of running the scalar function ONCE. But when we ran that query with the CROSS JOIN in it, we returned quite a few rows. 68 in fact. Could’ve been a lot more, if we’d had more salespeople or more years. And so we come to the biggest problem. This procedure (I don’t want to call it a function) is getting called 68 times – each one between twice as expensive as the outer query. And because it’s calling it in a separate context, there is even more overhead that I haven’t considered here. The cheek of it, to say that the Compute Scalar operator here costs 0%! I know a number of IT projects that could’ve used that kind of costing method, but that’s another story that I’m not going to go into here. Let’s look at a better way. Suppose our scalar function had been implemented as an inline one. Then it could have been expanded out like a sub-query. It could’ve run something like this: SELECT e.LoginID, y.year, (SELECT COUNT(*)     FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader AS o     LEFT JOIN HumanResources.Employee AS e     ON e.EmployeeID = o.SalesPersonID     WHERE o.SalesPersonID = p.SalesPersonID     AND o.OrderDate >= DATEADD(year,y.year-2000,'20000101')     AND o.OrderDate < DATEADD(year,y.year-2000+1,'20000101')     ) AS NumSales FROM (VALUES (2001),(2002),(2003),(2004)) AS y (year) CROSS JOIN Sales.SalesPerson AS p LEFT JOIN HumanResources.Employee AS e ON e.EmployeeID = p.SalesPersonID; Don’t worry too much about the Scan of the SalesOrderHeader underneath a Nested Loop. If you remember from plenty of other posts on the matter, execution plans don’t push the data through. That Scan only runs once. The Index Spool sucks the data out of it and populates a structure that is used to feed the Stream Aggregate. The Index Spool operator gets called 68 times, but the Scan only once (the Number of Executions property demonstrates this). Here, the Query Optimizer has a full picture of what’s being asked, and can make the appropriate decision about how it accesses the data. It can simplify it down properly. To get this kind of behaviour from a function, we need it to be inline. But without inline scalar functions, we need to make our function be table-valued. Luckily, that’s ok. CREATE FUNCTION dbo.FetchSales_inline2(@salespersonid int, @orderyear int) RETURNS table AS RETURN (SELECT COUNT(*) as NumSales     FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader AS o     LEFT JOIN HumanResources.Employee AS e     ON e.EmployeeID = o.SalesPersonID     WHERE o.SalesPersonID = @salespersonid     AND o.OrderDate >= DATEADD(year,@orderyear-2000,'20000101')     AND o.OrderDate < DATEADD(year,@orderyear-2000+1,'20000101') ); GO But we can’t use this as a scalar. Instead, we need to use it with the APPLY operator. SELECT e.LoginID, y.year, n.NumSales FROM (VALUES (2001),(2002),(2003),(2004)) AS y (year) CROSS JOIN Sales.SalesPerson AS p LEFT JOIN HumanResources.Employee AS e ON e.EmployeeID = p.SalesPersonID OUTER APPLY dbo.FetchSales_inline2(p.SalesPersonID, y.year) AS n; And now, we get the plan that we want for this query. All we’ve done is tell the function that it’s returning a table instead of a single value, and removed the BEGIN and END statements. We’ve had to name the column being returned, but what we’ve gained is an actual inline simplifiable function. And if we wanted it to return multiple columns, it could do that too. I really consider this function to be superior to the scalar function in every way. It does need to be handled differently in the outer query, but in many ways it’s a more elegant method there too. The function calls can be put amongst the FROM clause, where they can then be used in the WHERE or GROUP BY clauses without fear of calling the function multiple times (another horrible side effect of functions). So please. If you see BEGIN and END in a function, remember it’s not really a function, it’s a procedure. And then fix it. @rob_farley

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  • Stored Procedures with SSRS? Hmm… not so much

    - by Rob Farley
    Little Bobby Tables’ mother says you should always sanitise your data input. Except that I think she’s wrong. The SQL Injection aspect is for another post, where I’ll show you why I think SQL Injection is the same kind of attack as many other attacks, such as the old buffer overflow, but here I want to have a bit of a whinge about the way that some people sanitise data input, and even have a whinge about people who insist on using stored procedures for SSRS reports. Let me say that again, in case you missed it the first time: I want to have a whinge about people who insist on using stored procedures for SSRS reports. Let’s look at the data input sanitisation aspect – except that I’m going to call it ‘parameter validation’. I’m talking about code that looks like this: create procedure dbo.GetMonthSummaryPerSalesPerson(@eomdate datetime) as begin     /* First check that @eomdate is a valid date */     if isdate(@eomdate) != 1     begin         select 'Please enter a valid date' as ErrorMessage;         return;     end     /* Then check that time has passed since @eomdate */     if datediff(day,@eomdate,sysdatetime()) < 5     begin         select 'Sorry - EOM is not complete yet' as ErrorMessage;         return;     end         /* If those checks have succeeded, return the data */     select SalesPersonID, count(*) as NumSales, sum(TotalDue) as TotalSales     from Sales.SalesOrderHeader     where OrderDate >= dateadd(month,-1,@eomdate)         and OrderDate < @eomdate     group by SalesPersonID     order by SalesPersonID; end Notice that the code checks that a date has been entered. Seriously??!! This must only be to check for NULL values being passed in, because anything else would have to be a valid datetime to avoid an error. The other check is maybe fair enough, but I still don’t like it. The two problems I have with this stored procedure are the result sets and the small fact that the stored procedure even exists in the first place. But let’s consider the first one of these problems for starters. I’ll get to the second one in a moment. If you read Jes Borland (@grrl_geek)’s recent post about returning multiple result sets in Reporting Services, you’ll be aware that Reporting Services doesn’t support multiple results sets from a single query. And when it says ‘single query’, it includes ‘stored procedure call’. It’ll only handle the first result set that comes back. But that’s okay – we have RETURN statements, so our stored procedure will only ever return a single result set.  Sometimes that result set might contain a single field called ErrorMessage, but it’s still only one result set. Except that it’s not okay, because Reporting Services needs to know what fields to expect. Your report needs to hook into your fields, so SSRS needs to have a way to get that information. For stored procs, it uses an option called FMTONLY. When Reporting Services tries to figure out what fields are going to be returned by a query (or stored procedure call), it doesn’t want to have to run the whole thing. That could take ages. (Maybe it’s seen some of the stored procedures I’ve had to deal with over the years!) So it turns on FMTONLY before it makes the call (and turns it off again afterwards). FMTONLY is designed to be able to figure out the shape of the output, without actually running the contents. It’s very useful, you might think. set fmtonly on exec dbo.GetMonthSummaryPerSalesPerson '20030401'; set fmtonly off Without the FMTONLY lines, this stored procedure returns a result set that has three columns and fourteen rows. But with FMTONLY turned on, those rows don’t come back. But what I do get back hurts Reporting Services. It doesn’t run the stored procedure at all. It just looks for anything that could be returned and pushes out a result set in that shape. Despite the fact that I’ve made sure that the logic will only ever return a single result set, the FMTONLY option kills me by returning three of them. It would have been much better to push these checks down into the query itself. alter procedure dbo.GetMonthSummaryPerSalesPerson(@eomdate datetime) as begin     select SalesPersonID, count(*) as NumSales, sum(TotalDue) as TotalSales     from Sales.SalesOrderHeader     where     /* Make sure that @eomdate is valid */         isdate(@eomdate) = 1     /* And that it's sufficiently past */     and datediff(day,@eomdate,sysdatetime()) >= 5     /* And now use it in the filter as appropriate */     and OrderDate >= dateadd(month,-1,@eomdate)     and OrderDate < @eomdate     group by SalesPersonID     order by SalesPersonID; end Now if we run it with FMTONLY turned on, we get the single result set back. But let’s consider the execution plan when we pass in an invalid date. First let’s look at one that returns data. I’ve got a semi-useful index in place on OrderDate, which includes the SalesPersonID and TotalDue fields. It does the job, despite a hefty Sort operation. …compared to one that uses a future date: You might notice that the estimated costs are similar – the Index Seek is still 28%, the Sort is still 71%. But the size of that arrow coming out of the Index Seek is a whole bunch smaller. The coolest thing here is what’s going on with that Index Seek. Let’s look at some of the properties of it. Glance down it with me… Estimated CPU cost of 0.0005728, 387 estimated rows, estimated subtree cost of 0.0044385, ForceSeek false, Number of Executions 0. That’s right – it doesn’t run. So much for reading plans right-to-left... The key is the Filter on the left of it. It has a Startup Expression Predicate in it, which means that it doesn’t call anything further down the plan (to the right) if the predicate evaluates to false. Using this method, we can make sure that our stored procedure contains a single query, and therefore avoid any problems with multiple result sets. If we wanted, we could always use UNION ALL to make sure that we can return an appropriate error message. alter procedure dbo.GetMonthSummaryPerSalesPerson(@eomdate datetime) as begin     select SalesPersonID, count(*) as NumSales, sum(TotalDue) as TotalSales, /*Placeholder: */ '' as ErrorMessage     from Sales.SalesOrderHeader     where     /* Make sure that @eomdate is valid */         isdate(@eomdate) = 1     /* And that it's sufficiently past */     and datediff(day,@eomdate,sysdatetime()) >= 5     /* And now use it in the filter as appropriate */     and OrderDate >= dateadd(month,-1,@eomdate)     and OrderDate < @eomdate     group by SalesPersonID     /* Now include the error messages */     union all     select 0, 0, 0, 'Please enter a valid date' as ErrorMessage     where isdate(@eomdate) != 1     union all     select 0, 0, 0, 'Sorry - EOM is not complete yet' as ErrorMessage     where datediff(day,@eomdate,sysdatetime()) < 5     order by SalesPersonID; end But still I don’t like it, because it’s now a stored procedure with a single query. And I don’t like stored procedures that should be functions. That’s right – I think this should be a function, and SSRS should call the function. And I apologise to those of you who are now planning a bonfire for me. Guy Fawkes’ night has already passed this year, so I think you miss out. (And I’m not going to remind you about when the PASS Summit is in 2012.) create function dbo.GetMonthSummaryPerSalesPerson(@eomdate datetime) returns table as return (     select SalesPersonID, count(*) as NumSales, sum(TotalDue) as TotalSales, '' as ErrorMessage     from Sales.SalesOrderHeader     where     /* Make sure that @eomdate is valid */         isdate(@eomdate) = 1     /* And that it's sufficiently past */     and datediff(day,@eomdate,sysdatetime()) >= 5     /* And now use it in the filter as appropriate */     and OrderDate >= dateadd(month,-1,@eomdate)     and OrderDate < @eomdate     group by SalesPersonID     union all     select 0, 0, 0, 'Please enter a valid date' as ErrorMessage     where isdate(@eomdate) != 1     union all     select 0, 0, 0, 'Sorry - EOM is not complete yet' as ErrorMessage     where datediff(day,@eomdate,sysdatetime()) < 5 ); We’ve had to lose the ORDER BY – but that’s fine, as that’s a client thing anyway. We can have our reports leverage this stored query still, but we’re recognising that it’s a query, not a procedure. A procedure is designed to DO stuff, not just return data. We even get entries in sys.columns that confirm what the shape of the result set actually is, which makes sense, because a table-valued function is the right mechanism to return data. And we get so much more flexibility with this. If you haven’t seen the simplification stuff that I’ve preached on before, jump over to http://bit.ly/SimpleRob and watch the video of when I broke a microphone and nearly fell off the stage in Wales. You’ll see the impact of being able to have a simplifiable query. You can also read the procedural functions post I wrote recently, if you didn’t follow the link from a few paragraphs ago. So if we want the list of SalesPeople that made any kind of sales in a given month, we can do something like: select SalesPersonID from dbo.GetMonthSummaryPerSalesPerson(@eomonth) order by SalesPersonID; This doesn’t need to look up the TotalDue field, which makes a simpler plan. select * from dbo.GetMonthSummaryPerSalesPerson(@eomonth) where SalesPersonID is not null order by SalesPersonID; This one can avoid having to do the work on the rows that don’t have a SalesPersonID value, pushing the predicate into the Index Seek rather than filtering the results that come back to the report. If we had joins involved, we might see some of those being simplified out. We also get the ability to include query hints in individual reports. We shift from having a single-use stored procedure to having a reusable stored query – and isn’t that one of the main points of modularisation? Stored procedures in Reporting Services are just a bit limited for my liking. They’re useful in plenty of ways, but if you insist on using stored procedures all the time rather that queries that use functions – that’s rubbish. @rob_farley

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  • Convert from Procedural to Object Oriented Code

    - by Anthony
    I have been reading Working Effectively with Legacy Code and Clean Code with the goal of learning strategies on how to begin cleaning up the existing code-base of a large ASP.NET webforms application. This system has been around since 2005 and since then has undergone a number of enhancements. Originally the code was structured as follows (and is still largely structured this way): ASP.NET (aspx/ascx) Code-behind (c#) Business Logic Layer (c#) Data Access Layer (c#) Database (Oracle) The main issue is that the code is procedural masquerading as object-oriented. It virtually violates all of the guidelines described in both books. This is an example of a typical class in the Business Logic Layer: public class AddressBO { public TransferObject GetAddress(string addressID) { if (StringUtils.IsNull(addressID)) { throw new ValidationException("Address ID must be entered"); } AddressDAO addressDAO = new AddressDAO(); return addressDAO.GetAddress(addressID); } public TransferObject Insert(TransferObject addressDetails) { if (StringUtils.IsNull(addressDetails.GetString("EVENT_ID")) || StringUtils.IsNull(addressDetails.GetString("LOCALITY")) || StringUtils.IsNull(addressDetails.GetString("ADDRESS_TARGET")) || StringUtils.IsNull(addressDetails.GetString("ADDRESS_TYPE_CODE")) || StringUtils.IsNull(addressDetails.GetString("CREATED_BY"))) { throw new ValidationException( "You must enter an Event ID, Locality, Address Target, Address Type Code and Created By."); } string addressID = Sequence.GetNextValue("ADDRESS_ID_SEQ"); addressDetails.SetValue("ADDRESS_ID", addressID); string syncID = Sequence.GetNextValue("SYNC_ID_SEQ"); addressDetails.SetValue("SYNC_ADDRESS_ID", syncID); TransferObject syncDetails = new TransferObject(); Transaction transaction = new Transaction(); try { AddressDAO addressDAO = new AddressDAO(); addressDAO.Insert(addressDetails, transaction); // insert the record for the target TransferObject addressTargetDetails = new TransferObject(); switch (addressDetails.GetString("ADDRESS_TARGET")) { case "PARTY_ADDRESSES": { addressTargetDetails.SetValue("ADDRESS_ID", addressID); addressTargetDetails.SetValue("ADDRESS_TYPE_CODE", addressDetails.GetString("ADDRESS_TYPE_CODE")); addressTargetDetails.SetValue("PARTY_ID", addressDetails.GetString("PARTY_ID")); addressTargetDetails.SetValue("EVENT_ID", addressDetails.GetString("EVENT_ID")); addressTargetDetails.SetValue("CREATED_BY", addressDetails.GetString("CREATED_BY")); addressDAO.InsertPartyAddress(addressTargetDetails, transaction); break; } case "PARTY_CONTACT_ADDRESSES": { addressTargetDetails.SetValue("ADDRESS_ID", addressID); addressTargetDetails.SetValue("ADDRESS_TYPE_CODE", addressDetails.GetString("ADDRESS_TYPE_CODE")); addressTargetDetails.SetValue("PUBLIC_RELEASE_FLAG", addressDetails.GetString("PUBLIC_RELEASE_FLAG")); addressTargetDetails.SetValue("CONTACT_ID", addressDetails.GetString("CONTACT_ID")); addressTargetDetails.SetValue("EVENT_ID", addressDetails.GetString("EVENT_ID")); addressTargetDetails.SetValue("CREATED_BY", addressDetails.GetString("CREATED_BY")); addressDAO.InsertContactAddress(addressTargetDetails, transaction); break; } << many more cases here >> default: { break; } } // synchronise SynchronisationBO synchronisationBO = new SynchronisationBO(); syncDetails = synchronisationBO.Synchronise("I", transaction, "ADDRESSES", addressDetails.GetString("ADDRESS_TARGET"), addressDetails, addressTargetDetails); // commit transaction.Commit(); } catch (Exception) { transaction.Rollback(); throw; } return new TransferObject("ADDRESS_ID", addressID, "SYNC_DETAILS", syncDetails); } << many more methods are here >> } It has a lot of duplication, the class has a number of responsibilities, etc, etc - it is just generally 'un-clean' code. All of the code throughout the system is dependent on concrete implementations. This is an example of a typical class in the Data Access Layer: public class AddressDAO : GenericDAO { public static readonly string BASE_SQL_ADDRESSES = "SELECT " + " a.address_id, " + " a.event_id, " + " a.flat_unit_type_code, " + " fut.description as flat_unit_description, " + " a.flat_unit_num, " + " a.floor_level_code, " + " fl.description as floor_level_description, " + " a.floor_level_num, " + " a.building_name, " + " a.lot_number, " + " a.street_number, " + " a.street_name, " + " a.street_type_code, " + " st.description as street_type_description, " + " a.street_suffix_code, " + " ss.description as street_suffix_description, " + " a.postal_delivery_type_code, " + " pdt.description as postal_delivery_description, " + " a.postal_delivery_num, " + " a.locality, " + " a.state_code, " + " s.description as state_description, " + " a.postcode, " + " a.country, " + " a.lock_num, " + " a.created_by, " + " TO_CHAR(a.created_datetime, '" + SQL_DATETIME_FORMAT + "') as created_datetime, " + " a.last_updated_by, " + " TO_CHAR(a.last_updated_datetime, '" + SQL_DATETIME_FORMAT + "') as last_updated_datetime, " + " a.sync_address_id, " + " a.lat," + " a.lon, " + " a.validation_confidence, " + " a.validation_quality, " + " a.validation_status " + "FROM ADDRESSES a, FLAT_UNIT_TYPES fut, FLOOR_LEVELS fl, STREET_TYPES st, " + " STREET_SUFFIXES ss, POSTAL_DELIVERY_TYPES pdt, STATES s " + "WHERE a.flat_unit_type_code = fut.flat_unit_type_code(+) " + "AND a.floor_level_code = fl.floor_level_code(+) " + "AND a.street_type_code = st.street_type_code(+) " + "AND a.street_suffix_code = ss.street_suffix_code(+) " + "AND a.postal_delivery_type_code = pdt.postal_delivery_type_code(+) " + "AND a.state_code = s.state_code(+) "; public TransferObject GetAddress(string addressID) { //Build the SELECT Statement StringBuilder selectStatement = new StringBuilder(BASE_SQL_ADDRESSES); //Add WHERE condition selectStatement.Append(" AND a.address_id = :addressID"); ArrayList parameters = new ArrayList{DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("addressID", OracleDbType.Decimal, addressID)}; // Execute the SELECT statement Query query = new Query(); DataSet results = query.Execute(selectStatement.ToString(), parameters); // Check if 0 or more than one rows returned if (results.Tables[0].Rows.Count == 0) { throw new NoDataFoundException(); } if (results.Tables[0].Rows.Count > 1) { throw new TooManyRowsException(); } // Return a TransferObject containing the values return new TransferObject(results); } public void Insert(TransferObject insertValues, Transaction transaction) { // Store Values string addressID = insertValues.GetString("ADDRESS_ID"); string syncAddressID = insertValues.GetString("SYNC_ADDRESS_ID"); string eventID = insertValues.GetString("EVENT_ID"); string createdBy = insertValues.GetString("CREATED_BY"); // postal delivery string postalDeliveryTypeCode = insertValues.GetString("POSTAL_DELIVERY_TYPE_CODE"); string postalDeliveryNum = insertValues.GetString("POSTAL_DELIVERY_NUM"); // unit/building string flatUnitTypeCode = insertValues.GetString("FLAT_UNIT_TYPE_CODE"); string flatUnitNum = insertValues.GetString("FLAT_UNIT_NUM"); string floorLevelCode = insertValues.GetString("FLOOR_LEVEL_CODE"); string floorLevelNum = insertValues.GetString("FLOOR_LEVEL_NUM"); string buildingName = insertValues.GetString("BUILDING_NAME"); // street string lotNumber = insertValues.GetString("LOT_NUMBER"); string streetNumber = insertValues.GetString("STREET_NUMBER"); string streetName = insertValues.GetString("STREET_NAME"); string streetTypeCode = insertValues.GetString("STREET_TYPE_CODE"); string streetSuffixCode = insertValues.GetString("STREET_SUFFIX_CODE"); // locality/state/postcode/country string locality = insertValues.GetString("LOCALITY"); string stateCode = insertValues.GetString("STATE_CODE"); string postcode = insertValues.GetString("POSTCODE"); string country = insertValues.GetString("COUNTRY"); // esms address string esmsAddress = insertValues.GetString("ESMS_ADDRESS"); //address/GPS string lat = insertValues.GetString("LAT"); string lon = insertValues.GetString("LON"); string zoom = insertValues.GetString("ZOOM"); //string validateDate = insertValues.GetString("VALIDATED_DATE"); string validatedBy = insertValues.GetString("VALIDATED_BY"); string confidence = insertValues.GetString("VALIDATION_CONFIDENCE"); string status = insertValues.GetString("VALIDATION_STATUS"); string quality = insertValues.GetString("VALIDATION_QUALITY"); // the insert statement StringBuilder insertStatement = new StringBuilder("INSERT INTO ADDRESSES ("); StringBuilder valuesStatement = new StringBuilder("VALUES ("); ArrayList parameters = new ArrayList(); // build the insert statement insertStatement.Append("ADDRESS_ID, EVENT_ID, CREATED_BY, CREATED_DATETIME, LOCK_NUM "); valuesStatement.Append(":addressID, :eventID, :createdBy, SYSDATE, 1 "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("addressID", OracleDbType.Decimal, addressID)); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("eventID", OracleDbType.Decimal, eventID)); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("createdBy", OracleDbType.Varchar2, createdBy)); // build the insert statement if (!StringUtils.IsNull(syncAddressID)) { insertStatement.Append(", SYNC_ADDRESS_ID"); valuesStatement.Append(", :syncAddressID"); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("syncAddressID", OracleDbType.Decimal, syncAddressID)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(postalDeliveryTypeCode)) { insertStatement.Append(", POSTAL_DELIVERY_TYPE_CODE"); valuesStatement.Append(", :postalDeliveryTypeCode "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("postalDeliveryTypeCode", OracleDbType.Varchar2, postalDeliveryTypeCode)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(postalDeliveryNum)) { insertStatement.Append(", POSTAL_DELIVERY_NUM"); valuesStatement.Append(", :postalDeliveryNum "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("postalDeliveryNum", OracleDbType.Varchar2, postalDeliveryNum)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(flatUnitTypeCode)) { insertStatement.Append(", FLAT_UNIT_TYPE_CODE"); valuesStatement.Append(", :flatUnitTypeCode "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("flatUnitTypeCode", OracleDbType.Varchar2, flatUnitTypeCode)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(lat)) { insertStatement.Append(", LAT"); valuesStatement.Append(", :lat "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("lat", OracleDbType.Decimal, lat)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(lon)) { insertStatement.Append(", LON"); valuesStatement.Append(", :lon "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("lon", OracleDbType.Decimal, lon)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(zoom)) { insertStatement.Append(", ZOOM"); valuesStatement.Append(", :zoom "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("zoom", OracleDbType.Decimal, zoom)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(flatUnitNum)) { insertStatement.Append(", FLAT_UNIT_NUM"); valuesStatement.Append(", :flatUnitNum "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("flatUnitNum", OracleDbType.Varchar2, flatUnitNum)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(floorLevelCode)) { insertStatement.Append(", FLOOR_LEVEL_CODE"); valuesStatement.Append(", :floorLevelCode "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("floorLevelCode", OracleDbType.Varchar2, floorLevelCode)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(floorLevelNum)) { insertStatement.Append(", FLOOR_LEVEL_NUM"); valuesStatement.Append(", :floorLevelNum "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("floorLevelNum", OracleDbType.Varchar2, floorLevelNum)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(buildingName)) { insertStatement.Append(", BUILDING_NAME"); valuesStatement.Append(", :buildingName "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("buildingName", OracleDbType.Varchar2, buildingName)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(lotNumber)) { insertStatement.Append(", LOT_NUMBER"); valuesStatement.Append(", :lotNumber "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("lotNumber", OracleDbType.Varchar2, lotNumber)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(streetNumber)) { insertStatement.Append(", STREET_NUMBER"); valuesStatement.Append(", :streetNumber "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("streetNumber", OracleDbType.Varchar2, streetNumber)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(streetName)) { insertStatement.Append(", STREET_NAME"); valuesStatement.Append(", :streetName "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("streetName", OracleDbType.Varchar2, streetName)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(streetTypeCode)) { insertStatement.Append(", STREET_TYPE_CODE"); valuesStatement.Append(", :streetTypeCode "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("streetTypeCode", OracleDbType.Varchar2, streetTypeCode)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(streetSuffixCode)) { insertStatement.Append(", STREET_SUFFIX_CODE"); valuesStatement.Append(", :streetSuffixCode "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("streetSuffixCode", OracleDbType.Varchar2, streetSuffixCode)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(locality)) { insertStatement.Append(", LOCALITY"); valuesStatement.Append(", :locality"); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("locality", OracleDbType.Varchar2, locality)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(stateCode)) { insertStatement.Append(", STATE_CODE"); valuesStatement.Append(", :stateCode"); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("stateCode", OracleDbType.Varchar2, stateCode)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(postcode)) { insertStatement.Append(", POSTCODE"); valuesStatement.Append(", :postcode "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("postcode", OracleDbType.Varchar2, postcode)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(country)) { insertStatement.Append(", COUNTRY"); valuesStatement.Append(", :country "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("country", OracleDbType.Varchar2, country)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(esmsAddress)) { insertStatement.Append(", ESMS_ADDRESS"); valuesStatement.Append(", :esmsAddress "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("esmsAddress", OracleDbType.Varchar2, esmsAddress)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(validatedBy)) { insertStatement.Append(", VALIDATED_DATE"); valuesStatement.Append(", SYSDATE "); insertStatement.Append(", VALIDATED_BY"); valuesStatement.Append(", :validatedBy "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("validatedBy", OracleDbType.Varchar2, validatedBy)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(confidence)) { insertStatement.Append(", VALIDATION_CONFIDENCE"); valuesStatement.Append(", :confidence "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("confidence", OracleDbType.Decimal, confidence)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(status)) { insertStatement.Append(", VALIDATION_STATUS"); valuesStatement.Append(", :status "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("status", OracleDbType.Varchar2, status)); } if (!StringUtils.IsNull(quality)) { insertStatement.Append(", VALIDATION_QUALITY"); valuesStatement.Append(", :quality "); parameters.Add(DBUtils.CreateOracleParameter("quality", OracleDbType.Decimal, quality)); } // finish off the statement insertStatement.Append(") "); valuesStatement.Append(")"); // build the insert statement string sql = insertStatement + valuesStatement.ToString(); // Execute the INSERT Statement Dml dmlDAO = new Dml(); int rowsAffected = dmlDAO.Execute(sql, transaction, parameters); if (rowsAffected == 0) { throw new NoRowsAffectedException(); } } << many more methods go here >> } This system was developed by me and a small team back in 2005 after a 1 week .NET course. Before than my experience was in client-server applications. Over the past 5 years I've come to recognise the benefits of automated unit testing, automated integration testing and automated acceptance testing (using Selenium or equivalent) but the current code-base seems impossible to introduce these concepts. We are now starting to work on a major enhancement project with tight time-frames. The team consists of 5 .NET developers - 2 developers with a few years of .NET experience and 3 others with little or no .NET experience. None of the team (including myself) has experience in using .NET unit testing or mocking frameworks. What strategy would you use to make this code cleaner, more object-oriented, testable and maintainable?

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  • How do you convert a parent-child (adjacency) table to a nested set using PHP and MySQL?

    - by mrbinky3000
    I've spent the last few hours trying to find the solution to this question online. I've found plenty of examples on how to convert from nested set to adjacency... but few that go the other way around. The examples I have found either don't work or use MySQL procedures. Unfortunately, I can't use procedures for this project. I need a pure PHP solution. I have a table that uses the adjacency model below: id parent_id category 1 0 ROOT_NODE 2 1 Books 3 1 CD's 4 1 Magazines 5 2 Books/Hardcover 6 2 Books/Large Format 7 4 Magazines/Vintage And I would like to convert it to a Nested Set table below: id left right category 1 1 14 Root Node 2 2 7 Books 3 3 4 Books/Hardcover 4 5 6 Books/Large Format 5 8 9 CD's 6 10 13 Magazines 7 11 12 Magazines/Vintage Here is an image of what I need: I have a function, based on the pseudo code from this forum post (http://www.sitepoint.com/forums/showthread.php?t=320444) but it doesn't work. I get multiple rows that have the same value for left. This should not happen. <?php /** -- -- Table structure for table `adjacent_table` -- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `adjacent_table` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `father_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `category` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=8 ; -- -- Dumping data for table `adjacent_table` -- INSERT INTO `adjacent_table` (`id`, `father_id`, `category`) VALUES (1, 0, 'ROOT'), (2, 1, 'Books'), (3, 1, 'CD''s'), (4, 1, 'Magazines'), (5, 2, 'Hard Cover'), (6, 2, 'Large Format'), (7, 4, 'Vintage'); -- -- Table structure for table `nested_table` -- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `nested_table` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `lft` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `rgt` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `category` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=1 ; */ mysql_connect('localhost','USER','PASSWORD') or die(mysql_error()); mysql_select_db('DATABASE') or die(mysql_error()); adjacent_to_nested(0); /** * adjacent_to_nested * * Reads a "adjacent model" table and converts it to a "Nested Set" table. * @param integer $i_id Should be the id of the "root node" in the adjacent table; * @param integer $i_left Should only be used on recursive calls. Holds the current value for lft */ function adjacent_to_nested($i_id, $i_left = 0) { // the right value of this node is the left value + 1 $i_right = $i_left + 1; // get all children of this node $a_children = get_source_children($i_id); foreach ($a_children as $a) { // recursive execution of this function for each child of this node // $i_right is the current right value, which is incremented by the // import_from_dc_link_category method $i_right = adjacent_to_nested($a['id'], $i_right); // insert stuff into the our new "Nested Sets" table $s_query = " INSERT INTO `nested_table` (`id`, `lft`, `rgt`, `category`) VALUES( NULL, '".$i_left."', '".$i_right."', '".mysql_real_escape_string($a['category'])."' ) "; if (!mysql_query($s_query)) { echo "<pre>$s_query</pre>\n"; throw new Exception(mysql_error()); } echo "<p>$s_query</p>\n"; // get the newly created row id $i_new_nested_id = mysql_insert_id(); } return $i_right + 1; } /** * get_source_children * * Examines the "adjacent" table and finds all the immediate children of a node * @param integer $i_id The unique id for a node in the adjacent_table table * @return array Returns an array of results or an empty array if no results. */ function get_source_children($i_id) { $a_return = array(); $s_query = "SELECT * FROM `adjacent_table` WHERE `father_id` = '".$i_id."'"; if (!$i_result = mysql_query($s_query)) { echo "<pre>$s_query</pre>\n"; throw new Exception(mysql_error()); } if (mysql_num_rows($i_result) > 0) { while($a = mysql_fetch_assoc($i_result)) { $a_return[] = $a; } } return $a_return; } ?> This is the output of the above script. INSERT INTO nested_table (id, lft, rgt, category) VALUES( NULL, '2', '5', 'Hard Cover' ) INSERT INTO nested_table (id, lft, rgt, category) VALUES( NULL, '2', '7', 'Large Format' ) INSERT INTO nested_table (id, lft, rgt, category) VALUES( NULL, '1', '8', 'Books' ) INSERT INTO nested_table (id, lft, rgt, category) VALUES( NULL, '1', '10', 'CD\'s' ) INSERT INTO nested_table (id, lft, rgt, category) VALUES( NULL, '10', '13', 'Vintage' ) INSERT INTO nested_table (id, lft, rgt, category) VALUES( NULL, '1', '14', 'Magazines' ) INSERT INTO nested_table (id, lft, rgt, category) VALUES( NULL, '0', '15', 'ROOT' ) As you can see, there are multiple rows sharing the lft value of "1" same goes for "2" In a nested-set, the values for left and right must be unique. Here is an example of how to manually number the left and right ID's in a nested set: UPDATE - PROBLEM SOLVED First off, I had mistakenly believed that the source table (the one in adjacent-lists format) needed to be altered to include a source node. This is not the case. Secondly, I found a cached page on BING (of all places) with a class that does the trick. I've altered it for PHP5 and converted the original author's mysql related bits to basic PHP. He was using some DB class. You can convert them to your own database abstraction class later if you want. Obviously, if your "source table" has other columns that you want to move to the nested set table, you will have to adjust the write method in the class below. Hopefully this will save someone else from the same problems in the future. <?php /** -- -- Table structure for table `adjacent_table` -- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `adjacent_table`; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `adjacent_table` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `father_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `category` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=8 ; -- -- Dumping data for table `adjacent_table` -- INSERT INTO `adjacent_table` (`id`, `father_id`, `category`) VALUES (1, 0, 'Books'), (2, 0, 'CD''s'), (3, 0, 'Magazines'), (4, 1, 'Hard Cover'), (5, 1, 'Large Format'), (6, 3, 'Vintage'); -- -- Table structure for table `nested_table` -- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `nested_table`; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `nested_table` ( `lft` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `rgt` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `category` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`lft`), UNIQUE KEY `id` (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `rgt` (`rgt`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; */ /** * @class tree_transformer * @author Paul Houle, Matthew Toledo * @created 2008-11-04 * @url http://gen5.info/q/2008/11/04/nested-sets-php-verb-objects-and-noun-objects/ */ class tree_transformer { private $i_count; private $a_link; public function __construct($a_link) { if(!is_array($a_link)) throw new Exception("First parameter should be an array. Instead, it was type '".gettype($a_link)."'"); $this->i_count = 1; $this->a_link= $a_link; } public function traverse($i_id) { $i_lft = $this->i_count; $this->i_count++; $a_kid = $this->get_children($i_id); if ($a_kid) { foreach($a_kid as $a_child) { $this->traverse($a_child); } } $i_rgt=$this->i_count; $this->i_count++; $this->write($i_lft,$i_rgt,$i_id); } private function get_children($i_id) { return $this->a_link[$i_id]; } private function write($i_lft,$i_rgt,$i_id) { // fetch the source column $s_query = "SELECT * FROM `adjacent_table` WHERE `id` = '".$i_id."'"; if (!$i_result = mysql_query($s_query)) { echo "<pre>$s_query</pre>\n"; throw new Exception(mysql_error()); } $a_source = array(); if (mysql_num_rows($i_result)) { $a_source = mysql_fetch_assoc($i_result); } // root node? label it unless already labeled in source table if (1 == $i_lft && empty($a_source['category'])) { $a_source['category'] = 'ROOT'; } // insert into the new nested tree table // use mysql_real_escape_string because one value "CD's" has a single ' $s_query = " INSERT INTO `nested_table` (`id`,`lft`,`rgt`,`category`) VALUES ( '".$i_id."', '".$i_lft."', '".$i_rgt."', '".mysql_real_escape_string($a_source['category'])."' ) "; if (!$i_result = mysql_query($s_query)) { echo "<pre>$s_query</pre>\n"; throw new Exception(mysql_error()); } else { // success: provide feedback echo "<p>$s_query</p>\n"; } } } mysql_connect('localhost','USER','PASSWORD') or die(mysql_error()); mysql_select_db('DATABASE') or die(mysql_error()); // build a complete copy of the adjacency table in ram $s_query = "SELECT `id`,`father_id` FROM `adjacent_table`"; $i_result = mysql_query($s_query); $a_rows = array(); while ($a_rows[] = mysql_fetch_assoc($i_result)); $a_link = array(); foreach($a_rows as $a_row) { $i_father_id = $a_row['father_id']; $i_child_id = $a_row['id']; if (!array_key_exists($i_father_id,$a_link)) { $a_link[$i_father_id]=array(); } $a_link[$i_father_id][]=$i_child_id; } $o_tree_transformer = new tree_transformer($a_link); $o_tree_transformer->traverse(0); ?>

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  • What is wrong with my XSLT for the XML File?

    - by atrueguy
    Actually my XML file has SVG info, and my Project lead wants me to develop an XSLT for the XMl file to convert it in to a PDF file. But when I try to do so I am failing to convert the XML file to PDF, can anyone help me out in this....... My Sample XML file <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <!--<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">--> <!-- Generator: Arbortext IsoDraw 7.0 --> <svg width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 214.819 278.002"> <g id="Standard_x0020_layer"/> <g id="Catalog"> <line stroke-width="0.353" stroke-linecap="butt" x1="5.839" y1="262.185" x2="209.039" y2="262.185"/> <text transform="matrix(0.984 0 0 0.93 183.515 265.271)" stroke="none" fill="#000000" font-family="'Helvetica'" font-size="3.174">© 2009 k Co.</text> <text transform="matrix(0.994 0 0 0.93 7.235 265.3)" stroke="none" fill="#000000" font-family="'Helvetica'" font-size="3.174">087156-8-</text> <text transform="matrix(0.995 0 0 0.93 21.708 265.357)" stroke="none" fill="#000000" font-family="'Helvetica'" font-size="3.174" font-weight="bold">AB</text> <text x="103.292" y="265.298" stroke="none" fill="#000000" font-family="'Helvetica'" font-size="3.174">P. 1/1</text> <g id="IC_TextBlock.1"> <g> <text transform="matrix(0.994 0 0 0.93 192.812 8.076)" stroke="none" fill="#000000" font-family="'Helvetica'" font-size="4.586" font-weight="bold">Fittings</text> <text transform="matrix(0.994 0 0 0.93 188.492 13.323)" stroke="none" fill="#000000" font-family="'Helvetica'" font-size="4.586" font-weight="bold">Raccords</text> <text transform="matrix(0.994 0 0 0.93 183.431 18.571)" stroke="none" fill="#000000" font-family="'Helvetica'" font-size="4.586" font-weight="bold">Conexiones</text> </g> </g> <g> <path stroke="none" fill="#000000" d="M26.507 12.628L26.507 4.977 28.599 4.977 28.599 10.673 30.946 10.673 30.946 12.628 26.507 12.628z"/> <path stroke="none" fill="#000000" d="M19.693 12.628L19.693 4.977 21.785 4.977 21.785 7.66 23.893 7.66 23.893 4.977 25.986 4.977 25.986 12.628 23.893 12.628 23.893 9.782 21.785 9.782 21.785 12.628 19.693 12.628z"/> <path stroke="none" fill="#000000" d="M12.587 4.977L9.566 8.621 13.019 12.631 10.25 12.63 7.905 9.9 7.9 9.9 7.9 12.628 5.81 12.628 5.81 4.977 7.9 4.977 7.9 7.267 7.884 7.27 9.875 4.977 12.587 4.977z"/> <path stroke="none" fill="#000000" d="M11.455 8.739C11.455 6.538 13.221 4.753 15.4 4.753L15.4 6.775C14.419 6.775 13.625 7.653 13.625 8.737 13.625 9.821 14.419 10.699 15.4 10.699 16.382 10.699 17.176 9.821 17.176 8.737 17.176 7.653 16.382 6.775 15.4 6.775L15.4 4.753C17.579 4.753 19.346 6.538 19.346 8.739 19.346 10.941 17.579 12.724 15.4 12.724 13.221 12.724 11.455 10.941 11.455 8.739z"/> <path stroke="none" fill="#000000" d="M33.472 4.977L35.621 4.977 35.621 6.74 33.521 6.743 33.515 7.952 35.454 7.952 35.454 9.664 33.518 9.664 33.518 10.833 35.64 10.833 35.64 12.628 33.491 12.628 31.376 12.628 31.376 4.977 33.472 4.977z"/> <path stroke="none" fill="#000000" d="M39.97 9.57L42.146 12.631 39.862 12.628 38.156 10.279 38.156 12.622 36.107 12.622 36.107 4.974 38.728 4.974 38.741 6.75 38.149 6.75 38.149 8.221 38.741 8.223C39.149 8.223 39.478 7.894 39.478 7.487 39.478 7.08 39.149 6.75 38.741 6.75L38.728 4.974C41.036 4.974 42.5 7.867 39.97 9.57z"/> <path stroke="none" fill="#000000" d="M42.415 12.205C42.415 11.82 42.72 11.512 43.106 11.512 43.49 11.512 43.796 11.82 43.796 12.205 43.796 12.586 43.49 12.894 43.106 12.894L43.106 12.73C43.402 12.73 43.631 12.51 43.631 12.205 43.631 11.894 43.402 11.676 43.106 11.676L43.179 11.837C43.344 11.837 43.457 11.868 43.457 12.057 43.457 12.189 43.39 12.243 43.262 12.252L43.436 12.554 43.262 12.554 43.103 12.252 42.99 12.252 42.99 12.143 43.182 12.143C43.262 12.143 43.308 12.127 43.308 12.035 43.308 11.962 43.216 11.962 43.146 11.962L42.99 11.962 42.99 12.143 42.99 12.252 42.99 12.554 42.832 12.554 42.832 11.837 43.179 11.837 43.106 11.676C42.804 11.676 42.579 11.894 42.579 12.205 42.579 12.51 42.804 12.73 43.106 12.73L43.106 12.894C42.72 12.894 42.415 12.586 42.415 12.205z"/> <g> <path stroke="none" fill="#000000" d="M8.837 17.466L8.599 17.466 8.554 16.832 8.544 16.832C8.31 17.329 7.843 17.539 7.339 17.539 6.243 17.539 5.697 16.675 5.697 15.724 5.697 14.774 6.243 13.91 7.339 13.91 8.071 13.91 8.666 14.305 8.794 15.067L8.461 15.067C8.417 14.666 8.003 14.194 7.339 14.194 6.418 14.194 6.027 14.964 6.027 15.724 6.027 16.486 6.418 17.257 7.339 17.257 8.111 17.257 8.56 16.716 8.544 15.978L7.36 15.978 7.36 15.695 8.837 15.695 8.837 17.466z"/> <path stroke="none" fill="#000000" d="M9.477 13.984L11.881 13.984 11.881 14.266 9.807 14.266 9.807 15.525 11.749 15.525 11.749 15.807 9.807 15.807 9.807 17.182 11.906 17.182 11.906 17.466 9.477 17.466 9.477 13.984z"/> <path stroke="none" fill="#000000" d="M12.364 13.984L12.734 13.984 14.763 16.929 14.772 16.929 14.772 13.984 15.105 13.984 15.105 17.466 14.734 17.466 12.705 14.521 12.695 14.521 12.695 17.466 12.364 17.466 12.364 13.984z"/> <path stroke="none" fill="#000000" d="M15.768 13.984L16.1 13.984 16.1 16.14C16.094 16.949 16.48 17.257 17.118 17.257 17.763 17.257 18.147 16.949 18.143 16.14L18.143 13.984 18.475 13.984 18.475 16.213C18.475 16.929 18.089 17.539 17.118 17.539 16.153 17.539 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fill="#000000" d="M31.643 13.984L32.014 13.984 33.38 17.466 33.024 17.466 32.598 16.384 31.013 16.384 31.117 16.1 32.487 16.1 31.814 14.314 31.117 16.1 31.013 16.384 30.594 17.466 30.239 17.466 31.643 13.984z"/> <path stroke="none" fill="#000000" d="M33.695 13.984L35.292 13.984C35.866 13.984 36.35 14.262 36.35 14.891 36.35 15.33 36.121 15.691 35.671 15.778L35.671 15.788C36.125 15.846 36.256 16.16 36.28 16.574 36.296 16.812 36.296 17.291 36.442 17.466L36.076 17.466C35.993 17.329 35.993 17.071 35.984 16.925 35.954 16.437 35.915 15.896 35.286 15.919L34.029 15.919 34.029 15.637 35.267 15.637C35.671 15.637 36.018 15.384 36.018 14.96 36.018 14.535 35.765 14.266 35.267 14.266L34.029 14.266 34.029 15.637 34.029 15.919 34.029 17.466 33.695 17.466 33.695 13.984z"/> <path stroke="none" fill="#000000" d="M36.603 13.984L39.363 13.984 39.363 14.266 38.149 14.266 38.149 17.466 37.817 17.466 37.817 14.266 36.603 14.266 36.603 13.984z"/> <path stroke="none" fill="#000000" d="M39.847 16.32C39.832 17.038 40.348 17.257 40.982 17.257 41.348 17.257 41.905 17.056 41.905 16.548 41.905 16.155 41.509 15.997 41.188 15.919L40.411 15.73C40.003 15.628 39.627 15.432 39.627 14.891 39.627 14.55 39.847 13.91 40.826 13.91 41.515 13.91 42.118 14.281 42.115 14.993L41.783 14.993C41.762 14.461 41.325 14.194 40.832 14.194 40.378 14.194 39.959 14.368 39.959 14.885 39.959 15.212 40.203 15.349 40.485 15.417L41.335 15.628C41.826 15.759 42.237 15.974 42.237 16.545 42.237 16.783 42.139 17.539 40.905 17.539 40.081 17.539 39.475 17.169 39.515 16.32L39.847 16.32z"/> </g> </g> </g> </svg> My Sample XSLT File <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <xsl:template match="/"> <fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"> <fo:layout-master-set> <fo:simple-page-master master-name="simple" page-height="11in" page-width="8.5in"> <fo:region-body margin="0.7in" margin-top="1.15in" margin-left=".8in"/> <fo:region-before extent="1.5in"/> <fo:region-after extent="1.5in"/> <fo:region-start extent="1.5in"/> <fo:region-end extent="1.5in"/> </fo:simple-page-master> </fo:layout-master-set> <fo:page-sequence master-reference="simple"> <fo:flow flow-name="xsl-region-body"> <fo:block> <fo:instream-foreign-object xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <svg:svg height="100%" width="100%" viewBox="0 0 214.819 278.002"> <xsl:for-each select="svg/g/path"> <svg:g style="stroke:none;fill:#000000;stroke:black;"> <svg:path> <xsl:variable name="s"> <xsl:value-of select="translate(@d,' ','')"/> </xsl:variable> <xsl:attribute name="d"><xsl:value-of select="translate($s,',',' ')"/></xsl:attribute> </svg:path> </svg:g> </xsl:for-each> <xsl:for-each select="svg/g/text()"> <xsl:value-of select="."/> </xsl:for-each> <xsl:for-each select="svg/g/g/path"> <svg:g style="stroke:none;fill:#000000;stroke:black;"> <svg:path> <xsl:variable name="s"> <xsl:value-of select="translate(@d,' ','')"/> </xsl:variable> <xsl:attribute name="d"><xsl:value-of select="translate($s,',',' ')"/></xsl:attribute> </svg:path> </svg:g> </xsl:for-each> <xsl:for-each select="svg/g/g/g/path"> <svg:g style="stroke:none;fill:#000000;"> <svg:path> <xsl:variable name="s1"> <xsl:value-of select="translate(@d,' ','')"/> </xsl:variable> <xsl:attribute name="d"><xsl:value-of select="translate($s1,',',' ')"/></xsl:attribute> </svg:path> </svg:g> </xsl:for-each> <xsl:for-each select="svg/g/line"> <svg:g style="stroke-linecap:butt;"> <xsl:variable name="x1"> <xsl:value-of select="@x1"/> </xsl:variable> <xsl:variable name="y1"> <xsl:value-of select="@y1"/> </xsl:variable> <xsl:variable name="x2"> <xsl:value-of select="@x2"/> </xsl:variable> <xsl:variable name="y2"> <xsl:value-of select="@y2"/> </xsl:variable> <xsl:variable name="stroke-width"> <xsl:value-of select="@stroke-width"/> </xsl:variable> <svg:line x1="$x1" y1="$y1" x2="$x2" y2="$y2" stroke-width="$stroke-width" stroke="black" /> </svg:g> </xsl:for-each> </svg:svg> </fo:instream-foreign-object> </fo:block> </fo:flow> </fo:page-sequence> </fo:root> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> My Question I have developed the XSLT file for the XML, and I need to produce a pdf output after processing the xslt file. but I am not able to get the xml data in to my pdf. Please ask me if the information what I have provided is not sufficient, as I am bit new to Stackoverflow...

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  • PostgreSQL triggers and passing parameters

    - by iandouglas
    This is a multi-part question. I have a table similar to this: CREATE TABLE sales_data ( Company character(50), Contract character(50), top_revenue_sum integer, top_revenue_sales integer, last_sale timestamp) ; I'd like to create a trigger for new inserts into this table, something like this: CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION add_contract() RETURNS VOID DECLARE myCompany character(50), myContract character(50), BEGIN myCompany = TG_ARGV[0]; myContract = TG_ARGV[1]; IF (TG_OP = 'INSERT') THEN EXECUTE 'CREATE TABLE salesdata_' || $myCompany || '_' || $myContract || ' ( sale_amount integer, updated TIMESTAMP not null, some_data varchar(32), country varchar(2) ) ;' EXECUTE 'CREATE TRIGGER update_sales_data BEFORE INSERT OR DELETE ON salesdata_' || $myCompany || '_' || $myContract || ' FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE update_sales_data( ' || $myCompany || ',' || $myContract || ', revenue);' ; END IF; END; $add_contract$ LANGUAGE plpgsql; CREATE TRIGGER add_contract AFTER INSERT ON sales_data FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE add_contract() ; Basically, every time I insert a new row into sales_data, I want to generate a new table where the name of the table will be defined as something like "salesdata_Company_Contract" So my first question is how can I pass the Company and Contract data to the trigger so it can be passed to the add_contract() stored procedure? From my stored procedure, you'll see that I also want to update the original sales_data table whenever new data is inserted into the salesdata_Company_Contract table. This trigger will do something like this: CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION update_sales_data() RETURNS trigger as $update_sales_data$ DECLARE myCompany character(50) NOT NULL, myContract character(50) NOT NULL, myRevenue integer NOT NULL BEGIN myCompany = TG_ARGV[0] ; myContract = TG_ARGV[1] ; myRevenue = TG_ARGV[2] ; IF (TG_OP = 'INSERT') THEN UPDATE sales_data SET top_revenue_sales = top_revenue_sales + 1, top_revenue_sum = top_revenue_sum + $myRevenue, updated = now() WHERE Company = $myCompany AND Contract = $myContract ; ELSIF (TG_OP = 'DELETE') THEN UPDATE sales_data SET top_revenue_sales = top_revenue_sales - 1, top_revenue_sum = top_revenue_sum - $myRevenue, updated = now() WHERE Company = $myCompany AND Contract = $myContract ; END IF; END; $update_sales_data$ LANGUAGE plpgsql; This will, of course, require that I pass several parameters around within these stored procedures and triggers, and I'm not sure (a) if this is even possible, or (b) practical, or (c) best practice and we should just put this logic into our other software instead of asking the database to do this work for us. To keep our table sizes down, as we'll have hundreds of thousands of transactions per day, we've decided to partition our data using the Company and Contract strings as part of the table names themselves so they're all very small in size; file IO for us is faster and we felt we'd get better performance. Thanks for any thoughts or direction. My thinking, now that I've written all of this out, is that maybe we need to write stored procedures where we pass our insert data as parameters, and call that from our other software, and have the stored procedure do the insert into "sales_data" then create the other table. Then, have a second stored procedure to insert new data into the salesdata_Company_Contract tables, where the table name is passed to the stored proc as a parameter, and again have that stored proc do the insert, then update the main sales_data table afterward. What approach would you take?

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  • AngularJS databinding

    - by user3652865
    How can I add multiple values to one object in an Array. I am having Environment and Cluster, I am able to assign multiple clusters to one environment. Now I want to add application name to this environment and cluster pair. I am having page called "Add Application". Here I am using select menu to for environment and Cluster. My first question is, when I select environment then want to show only those clusters which are assigned to that environment name. And assign application name to that pair. Also should be able to edit the Application field. I am using environmentServices and clusterServices to store updated data. link of JSFiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/avinashMaddy/J2KLK/5/ Please if someone can help me in this. Below is my code: <div class="maincontent" ng-controller="manageApplicationController"> <div class="article"> <form> <section> <!-- Environment --> <div class="col-md-4"> <label>Environment:</label> <select ng-model="newApp.selectedEnvironment" class="form-control" ng-options="environment.name for environment in environments"> <option value='' disabled style='display:none;'> Select Environment </option> </select> <span> <select ng-switch-when="true" disabled ng-model="newApp.selectedEnvironment" class="form-control" ng-options="environment.name for environment in environments"> <option value='' disabled style='display:none;'> Select Environment </option> </select> </span> </div> <!-- Cluster --> <div class="col-md-4"> <label>Cluster:</label> <span ng-switch on="newApp.showCancel"> <select ng-switch-default ng-model="newApp.selectedCluster" class="form-control" ng-options="cluster for cluster in clusters"> <option value='' disabled style='display:none;'> Select Environment </option> </select> <select ng-switch-when="true" disabled ng-model="newApp.selectedCluster" class="form-control" ng-options="cluster for cluster in clusters"> <option value='' disabled style='display:none;'> Select Environment </option> </select> </span> </div> <!-- Application Name --> <div class="col-md-4"> <label>Application Name:</label> <input type="text" class="form-control" name="applicationName" placeholder="Application" ng-model="app.name" required> <br/> <input type="hidden" ng-model="app.id" /> </div> </section> <!-- submit button --> <section class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-default pull-right" ng-click="saveNewApplicatons()">Save</button> </section> </form> </div> <!-- table --> <div class="article"> <table class="table table-bordered table-striped"> <tr> <th colspan="6"> <div class="pull-left">Cluster Info</div> </th> </tr> <tr> <th>Environment</th> <th>Cluster</th> <th>Application</th> <th>Edit</th> <th>Header Ifo</th> </tr> <tr ng-repeat="app in applications"> <td>{{app.environment}}</td> <td>{{app.cluster}}</td> <td>{{app.name}}</td> <td> <a href="" ng-click="edit(app.id)" title="Edit">edit</span></a> | <a href="" ng-click="remove(app.id)" title="Delete">delete</a> </td> <td> <!-- Add template --> <script type="text/ng-template" id="addHederInfo.html"> <div class="modal-header"> <h3>Add Header Info</h3> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <input type="text" class="form-control" name="eName" placeholder="Header Key" ng-model="$parent.header.key"> <br/> <input type="text" class="form-control" name="eName" placeholder="Header Value" ng-model="$parent.header.value"> <br /> <input type="hidden" ng-model="header.id" /> <section> <div class="pull-right"> <button class="btn btn-primary" ng-click="saveHeader()">Add</button> <button class="btn btn-warning" ng-click="cancel()">Close</button> </div> </section> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <h3>Existing Header Info for </h3> <table class="table table-bordered table-striped"> <tr> <th>Header Key</th> <th>Header Vlaue</th> </tr> <tr ng-repeat="header in headers"> <td>{{header.key}}</td> <td>{{header.value}}</td> </tr> </table> </div> </script> <!-- /Add template --> <script type="text/ng-template" id="editHederInfo.html"> <div class="modal-header"> <h3>Edit Header Info</h3> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <input type="text" class="form-control" name="eName" placeholder="Header Key" ng-model="$parent.header.key"> <br/> <input type="text" class="form-control" name="eName" placeholder="Header Value" ng-model="$parent.header.value"> <br /> <input type="hidden" ng-model="header.id" /> <section> <div class="pull-right"> <button class="btn btn-primary" ng-click="saveHeader()">Update</button> <button class="btn btn-warning" ng-click="cancel()">Close</button> </div> </section> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <h3>Existing Header Info for</h3> <table class="table table-bordered table-striped"> <tr> <th>Header Key</th> <th>Header Vlaue</th> <th>Edit</th> </tr> <tr ng-repeat="header in headers"> <td>{{header.key}}</td> <td>{{header.value}}</td> <td> <a href="" ng-click="editHeader(header.id)" title="Edit"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-edit" ></span></a> | <a href="" ng-click="removeHeader(header.id)" title="Edit"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-trash"></span></a> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </script> <!-- Add template --> <!-- /Add template --> <a href="" ng-click="addInfo()">Add</a> | <a href="" ng-click="editInfo()">Edit</a> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> Controller.js: var apsApp = angular.module('apsApp', []); apsApp.service('clusterService', function(){ var clusters=[]; //simply returns the environment list this.list = function () { return clusters; }; }); apsApp.service('environmentService', function(){ var environments=[ {name :'DEV',}, {name:'PROD',}, {name:'QA',}, {name:'Linux_Dev',} ]; //simply returns the environment list this.list = function () { return environments; }; apsApp.controller('manageApplicationController', function ($scope, environmentService, clusterService) { var uid = 0; $scope.environments= environmentService.list(); $scope.clusters= clusterService.list(); $scope.newApp = {}; $scope.newApp.selectedEnvironment = $scope.environments[0]; $scope.newApp.selectedCluster = $scope.clusters[0]; $scope.newApp.buttonLabel = 'Save'; $scope.newApp.showCancel = false; /*$scope.applications=[ {'name': 'Enterprice App Store' }, {'name': 'UsageGateway'}, {'name': 'Click 2 Fill'}, {'name': 'ATT SmartWiFi'} ];*/ //add new application $scope.saveNewApplicatons = function() { if ($scope.select.id == undefined) { //if this is new application, add it in applications array $scope.clusters.push({ id: uid++, cluster: $scope.newApp.cluster, environment: $scope.newApp.selectedEnvironment }); } else { $scope.clusters[$scope.select.id].cluster = $scope.select.cluster; $scope.newApp.id = undefined; $scope.newApp.buttonLabel = 'Save Cluster'; $scope.newApp.showCancel = false; }; //clear the add appplicaitons form $scope.newApp.selectedEnvironment = $scope.environments[0]; }; //delete application $scope.remove = function (id) { //search app with given id and delete it for (i in $scope.clusters) { if ($scope.clusters[i].id == id) { confirm("This Cluster will get deleted permanently"); $scope.clusters.splice(i, 1); $scope.clust = {}; } } }; $scope.cancelUpdate = function () { $scope.newApp.buttonLabel = 'Save Cluster'; $scope.newApp.showCancel = false; $scope.newApp.id = undefined; $scope.newApp.cluster = ""; $scope.newApp.selectedEnvironment = $scope.environments[0]; }; });

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  • Combination of Operating Mode and Commit Strategy

    - by Kevin Yang
    If you want to populate a source into multiple targets, you may also want to ensure that every row from the source affects all targets uniformly (or separately). Let’s consider the Example Mapping below. If a row from SOURCE causes different changes in multiple targets (TARGET_1, TARGET_2 and TARGET_3), for example, it can be successfully inserted into TARGET_1 and TARGET_3, but failed to be inserted into TARGET_2, and the current Mapping Property TLO (target load order) is “TARGET_1 -> TARGET_2 -> TARGET_3”. What should Oracle Warehouse Builder do, in order to commit the appropriate data to all affected targets at the same time? If it doesn’t behave as you intended, the data could become inaccurate and possibly unusable.                                               Example Mapping In OWB, we can use Mapping Configuration Commit Strategies and Operating Modes together to achieve this kind of requirements. Below we will explore the combination of these two features and how they affect the results in the target tables Before going to the example, let’s review some of the terms we will be using (Details can be found in white paper Oracle® Warehouse Builder Data Modeling, ETL, and Data Quality Guide11g Release 2): Operating Modes: Set-Based Mode: Warehouse Builder generates a single SQL statement that processes all data and performs all operations. Row-Based Mode: Warehouse Builder generates statements that process data row by row. The select statement is in a SQL cursor. All subsequent statements are PL/SQL. Row-Based (Target Only) Mode: Warehouse Builder generates a cursor select statement and attempts to include as many operations as possible in the cursor. For each target, Warehouse Builder inserts each row into the target separately. Commit Strategies: Automatic: Warehouse Builder loads and then automatically commits data based on the mapping design. If the mapping has multiple targets, Warehouse Builder commits and rolls back each target separately and independently of other targets. Use the automatic commit when the consequences of multiple targets being loaded unequally are not great or are irrelevant. Automatic correlated: It is a specialized type of automatic commit that applies to PL/SQL mappings with multiple targets only. Warehouse Builder considers all targets collectively and commits or rolls back data uniformly across all targets. Use the correlated commit when it is important to ensure that every row in the source affects all affected targets uniformly. Manual: select manual commit control for PL/SQL mappings when you want to interject complex business logic, perform validations, or run other mappings before committing data. Combination of the commit strategy and operating mode To understand the effects of each combination of operating mode and commit strategy, I’ll illustrate using the following example Mapping. Firstly we insert 100 rows into the SOURCE table and make sure that the 99th row and 100th row have the same ID value. And then we create a unique key constraint on ID column for TARGET_2 table. So while running the example mapping, OWB tries to load all 100 rows to each of the targets. But the mapping should fail to load the 100th row to TARGET_2, because it will violate the unique key constraint of table TARGET_2. With different combinations of Commit Strategy and Operating Mode, here are the results ¦ Set-based/ Correlated Commit: Configuration of Example mapping:                                                     Result:                                                      What’s happening: A single error anywhere in the mapping triggers the rollback of all data. OWB encounters the error inserting into Target_2, it reports an error for the table and does not load the row. OWB rolls back all the rows inserted into Target_1 and does not attempt to load rows to Target_3. No rows are added to any of the target tables. ¦ Row-based/ Correlated Commit: Configuration of Example mapping:                                                   Result:                                                  What’s happening: OWB evaluates each row separately and loads it to all three targets. Loading continues in this way until OWB encounters an error loading row 100th to Target_2. OWB reports the error and does not load the row. It rolls back the row 100th previously inserted into Target_1 and does not attempt to load row 100 to Target_3. Then, if there are remaining rows, OWB will continue loading them, resuming with loading rows to Target_1. The mapping completes with 99 rows inserted into each target. ¦ Set-based/ Automatic Commit: Configuration of Example mapping: Result: What’s happening: When OWB encounters the error inserting into Target_2, it does not load any rows and reports an error for the table. It does, however, continue to insert rows into Target_3 and does not roll back the rows previously inserted into Target_1. The mapping completes with one error message for Target_2, no rows inserted into Target_2, and 100 rows inserted into Target_1 and Target_3 separately. ¦ Row-based/Automatic Commit: Configuration of Example mapping: Result: What’s happening: OWB evaluates each row separately for loading into the targets. Loading continues in this way until OWB encounters an error loading row 100 to Target_2 and reports the error. OWB does not roll back row 100th from Target_1, does insert it into Target_3. If there are remaining rows, it will continue to load them. The mapping completes with 99 rows inserted into Target_2 and 100 rows inserted into each of the other targets. Note: Automatic Correlated commit is not applicable for row-based (target only). If you design a mapping with the row-based (target only) and correlated commit combination, OWB runs the mapping but does not perform the correlated commit. In set-based mode, correlated commit may impact the size of your rollback segments. Space for rollback segments may be a concern when you merge data (insert/update or update/insert). Correlated commit operates transparently with PL/SQL bulk processing code. The correlated commit strategy is not available for mappings run in any mode that are configured for Partition Exchange Loading or that include a Queue, Match Merge, or Table Function operator. If you want to practice in your own environment, you can follow the steps: 1. Import the MDL file: commit_operating_mode.mdl 2. Fix the location for oracle module ORCL and deploy all tables under it. 3. Insert sample records into SOURCE table, using below plsql code: begin     for i in 1..99     loop         insert into source values(i, 'col_'||i);     end loop;     insert into source values(99, 'col_99'); end; 4. Configure MAPPING_1 to any combinations of operating mode and commit strategy you want to test. And make sure feature TLO of mapping is open. 5. Deploy Mapping “MAPPING_1”. 6. Run the mapping and check the result.

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  • SQL SERVER – Weekly Series – Memory Lane – #032

    - by Pinal Dave
    Here is the list of selected articles of SQLAuthority.com across all these years. Instead of just listing all the articles I have selected a few of my most favorite articles and have listed them here with additional notes below it. Let me know which one of the following is your favorite article from memory lane. 2007 Complete Series of Database Coding Standards and Guidelines SQL SERVER Database Coding Standards and Guidelines – Introduction SQL SERVER – Database Coding Standards and Guidelines – Part 1 SQL SERVER – Database Coding Standards and Guidelines – Part 2 SQL SERVER Database Coding Standards and Guidelines Complete List Download Explanation and Example – SELF JOIN When all of the data you require is contained within a single table, but data needed to extract is related to each other in the table itself. Examples of this type of data relate to Employee information, where the table may have both an Employee’s ID number for each record and also a field that displays the ID number of an Employee’s supervisor or manager. To retrieve the data tables are required to relate/join to itself. Insert Multiple Records Using One Insert Statement – Use of UNION ALL This is very interesting question I have received from new developer. How can I insert multiple values in table using only one insert? Now this is interesting question. When there are multiple records are to be inserted in the table following is the common way using T-SQL. Function to Display Current Week Date and Day – Weekly Calendar Straight blog post with script to find current week date and day based on the parameters passed in the function.  2008 In my beginning years, I have almost same confusion as many of the developer had in their earlier years. Here are two of the interesting question which I have attempted to answer in my early year. Even if you are experienced developer may be you will still like to read following two questions: Order Of Column In Index Order of Conditions in WHERE Clauses Example of DISTINCT in Aggregate Functions Have you ever used DISTINCT with the Aggregation Function? Here is a simple example about how users can do it. Create a Comma Delimited List Using SELECT Clause From Table Column Straight to script example where I explained how to do something easy and quickly. Compound Assignment Operators SQL SERVER 2008 has introduced new concept of Compound Assignment Operators. Compound Assignment Operators are available in many other programming languages for quite some time. Compound Assignment Operators is operator where variables are operated upon and assigned on the same line. PIVOT and UNPIVOT Table Examples Here is a very interesting question – the answer to the question can be YES or NO both. “If we PIVOT any table and UNPIVOT that table do we get our original table?” Read the blog post to get the explanation of the question above. 2009 What is Interim Table – Simple Definition of Interim Table The interim table is a table that is generated by joining two tables and not the final result table. In other words, when two tables are joined they create an interim table as resultset but the resultset is not final yet. It may be possible that more tables are about to join on the interim table, and more operations are still to be applied on that table (e.g. Order By, Having etc). Besides, it may be possible that there is no interim table; sometimes final table is what is generated when the query is run. 2010 Stored Procedure and Transactions If Stored Procedure is transactional then, it should roll back complete transactions when it encounters any errors. Well, that does not happen in this case, which proves that Stored Procedure does not only provide just the transactional feature to a batch of T-SQL. Generate Database Script for SQL Azure When talking about SQL Azure the most common complaint I hear is that the script generated from stand-along SQL Server database is not compatible with SQL Azure. This was true for some time for sure but not any more. If you have SQL Server 2008 R2 installed you can follow the guideline below to generate a script which is compatible with SQL Azure. Convert IN to EXISTS – Performance Talk It is NOT necessary that every time when IN is replaced by EXISTS it gives better performance. However, in our case listed above it does for sure give better performance. You can read about this subject in the associated blog post. Subquery or Join – Various Options – SQL Server Engine Knows the Best Every single time whenever there is a performance tuning exercise, I hear the conversation from developer where some prefer subquery and some prefer join. In this two part blog post, I explain the same in the detail with examples. Part 1 | Part 2 Merge Operations – Insert, Update, Delete in Single Execution MERGE is a new feature that provides an efficient way to do multiple DML operations. In earlier versions of SQL Server, we had to write separate statements to INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE data based on certain conditions; however, at present, by using the MERGE statement, we can include the logic of such data changes in one statement that even checks when the data is matched and then just update it, and similarly, when the data is unmatched, it is inserted. 2011 Puzzle – Statistics are not updated but are Created Once Here is the quick scenario about my setup. Create Table Insert 1000 Records Check the Statistics Now insert 10 times more 10,000 indexes Check the Statistics – it will be NOT updated – WHY? Question to You – When to use Function and When to use Stored Procedure Personally, I believe that they are both different things - they cannot be compared. I can say, it will be like comparing apples and oranges. Each has its own unique use. However, they can be used interchangeably at many times and in real life (i.e., production environment). I have personally seen both of these being used interchangeably many times. This is the precise reason for asking this question. 2012 In year 2012 I had two interesting series ran on the blog. If there is no fun in learning, the learning becomes a burden. For the same reason, I had decided to build a three part quiz around SEQUENCE. The quiz was to identify the next value of the sequence. I encourage all of you to take part in this fun quiz. Guess the Next Value – Puzzle 1 Guess the Next Value – Puzzle 2 Guess the Next Value – Puzzle 3 Guess the Next Value – Puzzle 4 Simple Example to Configure Resource Governor – Introduction to Resource Governor Resource Governor is a feature which can manage SQL Server Workload and System Resource Consumption. We can limit the amount of CPU and memory consumption by limiting /governing /throttling on the SQL Server. If there are different workloads running on SQL Server and each of the workload needs different resources or when workloads are competing for resources with each other and affecting the performance of the whole server resource governor is a very important task. Tricks to Replace SELECT * with Column Names – SQL in Sixty Seconds #017 – Video  Retrieves unnecessary columns and increases network traffic When a new columns are added views needs to be refreshed manually Leads to usage of sub-optimal execution plan Uses clustered index in most of the cases instead of using optimal index It is difficult to debug SQL SERVER – Load Generator – Free Tool From CodePlex The best part of this SQL Server Load Generator is that users can run multiple simultaneous queries again SQL Server using different login account and different application name. The interface of the tool is extremely easy to use and very intuitive as well. A Puzzle – Swap Value of Column Without Case Statement Let us assume there is a single column in the table called Gender. The challenge is to write a single update statement which will flip or swap the value in the column. For example if the value in the gender column is ‘male’ swap it with ‘female’ and if the value is ‘female’ swap it with ‘male’. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Memory Lane, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • vSphere Client vCenter Template Customization Specification Using Windows Sysprep Unattended Answer XML File

    - by Brian
    I'm trying to setup a vSphere Client vCenter v5.0.0 Build 455964 Template Customization Specification using a Windows Sysprep unattended answer XML file for Win2008R2. However I didn't know how Sysprep worked before attempting this so it was a time-consuming nightmare (even after reviewing VMware vSphere ESXi 5's documentation)! I think I've figure out what I'm supposed to be doing, but it's still not working. The biggest problem at this point is that vSphere Client vCenter Customization Specification IP address information is not sticking when I load a Sysprep XML file with just 1 basic setting! This can only be a bug. Here is the process I'm using: PROCESS for Windows - vSphere Client Install Windows OS install VM Tools customize Windows (GPOs can be used to do this after deployment) install Applications (GPOs can be used to do this after deployment too) shutdown the VM convert the VM to a template create a custom Windows Sysprep XML answer file with desired customizations View Management Customization Specifications Manager create "New" Specification for "Target Virtual Machine OS" select Windows check "Use Custom Sysprep Answer File" (ADDS: Custom Sysprep File. KEEPS: Network (IP), Operating System Options (SID, Sysprep /generalize). REPLACES: Registration Information of Owner Name & Organization, Computer Name, Windows License (Key), Administrator Password, Time Zone, Run Once, Workgroup or Domain) name it as "VMwareCS-OS####R#x32/64w/Sysprep-TEST" (CS=Customization Specification) set Description as "Created YYYY/MM/DD by FLast" NEXT import a Sysprep answer file from secure location NEXT Custom settings NEXT click "..." box to right of "Use DHCP" set "Use the following IP settings:" for "IP Address" fill out the first 2 octets set appropriate values for other 2-3 fields set DNS server addresses OK NEXT check "Generate New Security ID (SID)" ALWAYS as template is likely a domain-member computer so it can be updated occasionally NEXT Finish View Inventory VMs and Templates right-click previously completed template Deploy Virtual Machine from this Template provide the new OS name (max15char) select inventory location NEXT select Host/Cluster (wait for validation to succeed) NEXT select Resource Pool (wait for validation to succeed) NEXT select Storage location NEXT check "Power on this virtual machine after creation" select "Customize using an existing customization specification" select desired specification select "Use the Customization Wizard to temporarily adjust the specification before deployment" NEXT NEXT Custom settings? NEXT check "Generate New Security ID (SID)" ALWAYS as template is likely a domain-member computer so it can be updated occasionally NEXT Finish Finish. I know a community member named "brian" (http://serverfault.com/users/25904/brian) has worked with this scenario before, but I couldn't figure out how to contact him directly, so Brian if you see this message could you provide some information to help? Thanks, Brian

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  • Filtering Security Logs by User and Logon Type

    - by Trido
    I have been asked to find out when a user has logged on to the system in the last week. Now the audit logs in Windows should contain all the info I need. I think if I search for Event ID 4624 (Logon Success) with a specific AD user and Logon Type 2 (Interactive Logon) that it should give me the information I need, but for the life of my I cannot figure out how to actually filter the Event Log to get this information. Is it possible inside of the Event Viewer or do you need to use an external tool to parse it to this level? I found http://nerdsknowbest.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/filter-security-event-logs-by-user-in.html which seemed to be part of what I needed. I modified it slightly to only give me the last 7 days worth. Below is the XML I tried. <QueryList> <Query Id="0" Path="Security"> <Select Path="Security">*[System[(EventID=4624) and TimeCreated[timediff(@SystemTime) &lt;= 604800000]]]</Select> <Select Path="Security">*[EventData[Data[@Name='Logon Type']='2']]</Select> <Select Path="Security">*[EventData[Data[@Name='subjectUsername']='Domain\Username']]</Select> </Query> </QueryList> It only gave me the last 7 days, but the rest of it did not work. Can anyone assist me with this? EDIT Thanks to the suggestions of Lucky Luke I have been making progress. The below is my current query, although as I will explain it isn't returning any results. <QueryList> <Query Id="0" Path="Security"> <Select Path="Security"> *[System[(EventID='4624')] and System[TimeCreated[timediff(@SystemTime) &lt;= 604800000]] and EventData[Data[@Name='TargetUserName']='john.doe'] and EventData[Data[@Name='LogonType']='2'] ] </Select> </Query> </QueryList> As I mentioned, it wasn't returning any results so I have been messing with it a bit. I can get it to produce the results correctly until I add in the LogonType line. After that, it returns no results. Any idea why this might be? EDIT 2 I updated the LogonType line to the following: EventData[Data[@Name='LogonType'] and (Data='2' or Data='7')] This should capture Workstation Logons as well as Workstation Unlocks, but I still get nothing. I then modify it to search for other Logon Types like 3, or 8 which it finds plenty of. This leads me to believe that the query works correctly, but for some reason there are no entries in the Event Logs with Logon Type equalling 2 and this makes no sense to me. Is it possible to turn this off?

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  • How to configure SHIFT+LEFT, SHIFT+RIGHT, SHIFT+HOME and SHIFT+END keys in terminal on Mac?

    - by Misha Moroshko
    To configure the Home and End keys in terminal on MacBook Air (OS X 10.7.2) I defined in Terminal -> Preferences -> Keyboard: Key Action ---- ------ Home \033OH End \033OF What are the codes to configure the following combinations so that they will work like in Windows? Shift+Left (should select the character on the left) Shift+Right (should select the character on the right) Shift+Home (should select all the characters on the left) Shift+End (should select all the characters on the right)

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  • Windows 7duplicate in boot menu

    - by Mick
    I deploy my Windows 7 with imagex.exe. I do this by means some batch script : Win7_install.bat: cls Diskpart /s Win7_install.txt Imagex /apply Win7_October.wim 1 C: Bcdboot C:\Windows Exit Win7_install.txt: SELECT DISK 0 CLEAN CREATE PARTITION PRIMARY SIZE=102400 SELECT PARTITION 1 FORMAT fs=ntfs LABEL=”SYSTEM” quick ASSIGN LETTER=C CREATE PARTITION PRIMARY SELECT PARTITION 2 FORMAT fs=ntfs LABEL=”DATA” quick SELECT PARTITION 1 ACTIVE EXIT Then after restart I have duplicate entries in boot menu. Anybody have some idea how fix it? Regards

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  • JPA/Hibernate and MySQL transaction isolation level

    - by armandino
    I have a native query that does a batch insert into a MySQL database: String sql = "insert into t1 (a, b) select x, y from t2 where x = 'foo'"; EntityTransaction tx = entityManager.getTransaction(); try { tx.begin(); int rowCount = entityManager.createNativeQuery(sql).executeUpdate(); tx.commit(); return rowCount; } catch(Exception ex) { tx.rollback(); log.error(...); } This query causes a deadlock: while it reads from t2 with insert .. select, another process tries to insert a row into t2. I don't care about the consistency of reads from t2 when doing an insert .. select and want to set the transaction isolation level to READ_UNCOMMITTED. How do I go about setting it in JPA backed by Hibernate?

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  • Create Chemistry Equations and Diagrams in Word

    - by Matthew Guay
    Microsoft Word is a great tool for formatting text, but what if you want to insert a chemistry formula or diagram?  Thanks to a new free add-in for Word, you can now insert high-quality chemistry formulas and diagrams directly from the Ribbon in Word. Microsoft’s new Education Labs has recently released the new Chemistry Add-in for Word 2007 and 2010.  This free download adds support for entering and editing chemistry symbols, diagrams, and formulas using the standard XML based Chemical Markup Language.  You can convert any chemical name, such as benzene, or formula, such as H2O, into a chemical diagram, standard name, or formula.  Whether you’re a professional chemist, just taking chemistry in school, or simply curious about the makeup of Citric Acid, this add-in is an exciting way to bring chemistry to your computer. This add-in works great on Word 2007 and 2010, including the 64 bit version of Word 2010.  Please note that the current version is still in beta, so only run it if you are comfortable running beta products. Getting Started Download the Chemistry add-in from Microsoft Education Labs (link below), and unzip the file.  Then, run the ChemistryAddinforWordBeta2.Setup.msi. It may inform you that you need to install the Visual Studio Tools for Office 3.0.  Simply click Yes to download these tools. This will open the download in your default browser.  Simply click run, or save and then run it when it is downloaded. Now, click next to install the Visual Studio Tools for Office as usual. When this is finished, run the ChemistryAddinforWordBeta2.Setup.msi again.  This time, you can easily install it with the default options. Once it’s finished installing, open Word to try out the Chemistry Add-in.  You will be asked if you want to install this customization, so click Install to enable it. Now you will have a new Chemistry tab in your Word ribbon.  Here’s the ribbon in Word 2010… And here it is in Word 2007.   Using the Chemistry Add-in It’s very easy to insert nice chemistry diagrams and formulas in Word with the Chemistry add-in.  You can quickly insert a premade diagram from the Chemistry Gallery: Or you can insert a formula from file.  Simply click “From File” and choose any Chemical Markup Language (.cml) formatted file to insert the chemical formula. You can also convert any chemical name to it’s chemical form.  Simply select the word, right-click, select “Convert to Chemistry Zone” and then click on its name. Now you can see the chemical form in the sidebar if you click the Chemistry Navigator button, and can choose to insert the diagram into the document.  Some chemicals will automatically convert to the diagram in the document, while others simply link to it in the sidebar.  Either way, you can display exactly what you want. You can also convert a chemical formula directly to it’s chemical diagram.  Here we entered H2O and converted it to Chemistry Zone: This directly converted it to the diagram directly in the document. You can click the Edit button on the top, and from there choose to either edit the 2D model of the chemical, or edit the labels. When you click Edit Labels, you may be asked which form you wish to display.  Here’s the options for potassium permanganate: You can then edit the names and formulas, and add or remove any you wish. If you choose to edit the chemical in 2D, you can even edit the individual atoms and change the chemical you’re diagramming.  This 2D editor has a lot of options, so you can get your chemical diagram to look just like you want. And, if you need any help or want to learn more about the Chemistry add-in and its features, simply click the help button in the Chemistry Ribbon.  This will open a Word document containing examples and explanations which can be helpful in mastering all the features of this add-in. All of this works perfectly, whether you’re running it in Word 2007 or 2010, 32 or 64 bit editions. Conclusion Whether you’re using chemistry formulas everyday or simply want to investigate a chemical makeup occasionally, this is a great way to do it with tools you already have on your computer.  It will also help make homework a bit easier if you’re struggling with it in high school or college. Links Download the Chemistry Add-in for Word Introducing Chemistry Add-in for Word – MSDN blogs Chemistry Markup Language – Wikipedia Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Geek Reviews: Using Dia as a Free Replacement for Microsoft VisioEasily Summarize A Word 2007 DocumentCreate a Hyperlink in a Word 2007 Flow Chart and Hide Annoying ScreenTipsHow To Create and Publish Blog Posts in Word 2010 & 2007Using Word 2007 as a Blogging Tool TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips Revo Uninstaller Pro Registry Mechanic 9 for Windows PC Tools Internet Security Suite 2010 PCmover Professional Windows 7 Easter Theme YoWindoW, a real time weather screensaver Optimize your computer the Microsoft way Stormpulse provides slick, real time weather data Geek Parents – Did you try Parental Controls in Windows 7? Change DNS servers on the fly with DNS Jumper

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  • How to Avoid Duplicate Key Exception

    - by LifeH2O
    I am using TableAdapter to insert records in table within a loop. foreach(....) { .... .... teamsTableAdapter.Insert(_teamid, _teamname); .... } Where TeamID is the primary key in the table After first run of this loop, Insert throws Duplicate Primary Key found Exception. To handle this, i have done this foreach(....) { .... .... try { _teamsTableAdapter.Insert(_teamid, _teamname); } catch (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException e) { if (e.Number != 2627) MessageBox.Show(e.Message); } .... .... } But using try catch statement is costly, how to avoid this exception. I am working in VS2010 and INSERT ... ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE does not work.

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  • Cascading dropdownlist jQuery does not retain value on post back.

    - by John Smith
    I have two html select server control on an add data form page. the user selects a value in the first html select server control and then values are populated into the second html select server control with jquery. The problem is when a a user clicks the save button and the page posts back, the values are no longer in the drop down list populated by jQuery. The drop downlist is a html server control, shouldn't it retain the values on post-back? How can I retain the values and save the selected value to the database? $(document).ready(function() { $("#<%=ddlCourseWare.ClientID %>").change(function() { var courseWareId = this.value; try { $.ajax({ type: "POST", url: "Left_SubCategory.aspx/GetTabData", data: "{courseWareId:" + courseWareId + "}", contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8", dataType: "json", success: function(data) { var result = json_parse(data.d); $("#<%=ddlTabType.ClientID %>")[0].innerHTML = ''; if (result.length > 0) { $.each(result, function(key, item) { $("#<%=ddlTabType.ClientID %>").append($("<option></option>").val(item.id).html(item.TabName)); }); } else { $("#<%=ddlTabType.ClientID %>").append($("<option></option>").val('0').html('--Select--')); } }, error: function(request, status, error) { alert(request.responseText); } }); } catch (ex) { alert(ex); } }); }); HTML <select id="ddlCourseWare" name="ddlCourseWare" runat="server" Width="230px" class="TextBox" Height="18px" > <select id="ddlTabType" name="ddlTabType" runat="server" Width="230px" class="TextBox" Height="18px" onchange="BindMainCat();"> <option>--Select--</option> </select> C# private void BindCourseWare() { ddlCourseWare.DataSource = courseWare.GetCourseWare(); ddlCourseWare.DataTextField = "CourseWareType"; ddlCourseWare.DataValueField = "id"; ddlCourseWare.DataBind(); ddlCourseWare.Items.Insert(0, "----Select Course Ware----"); } [WebMethod] public static string GetTabData(int courseWareId) { var result = new CourseWare().GetCourseTabByCoursewareId(courseWareId); JavaScriptSerializer json_tabs = new JavaScriptSerializer(); string jsonArray_tabs = json_tabs.Serialize(result); return jsonArray_tabs; } protected void btnSave_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { int mainCategoryID1 = int.Parse(ddlTabType.Value); // not working int mainCategoryID2 = int.Parse(Request["ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$ddlTabType"]); // working but always return same value means the upper value (selected index 1) }

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  • Inserting and Deleting Sub Rows in GridView

    - by Vincent Maverick Durano
    A user in the forums (http://forums.asp.net) is asking how to insert  sub rows in GridView and also add delete functionality for the inserted sub rows. In this post I'm going to demonstrate how to this in ASP.NET WebForms.  The basic idea to achieve this is we just need to insert row data in the DataSource that is being used in GridView since the GridView rows will be generated based on the DataSource data. To make it more clear then let's build up a sample application. To start fire up Visual Studio and create a WebSite or Web Application project and then add a new WebForm. In the WebForm ASPX page add this GridView markup below:   1: <asp:gridview ID="GridView1" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="false" onrowdatabound="GridView1_RowDataBound"> 2: <Columns> 3: <asp:BoundField DataField="RowNumber" HeaderText="Row Number" /> 4: <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Header 1"> 5: <ItemTemplate> 6: <asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1" runat="server"></asp:TextBox> 7: </ItemTemplate> 8: </asp:TemplateField> 9: <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Header 2"> 10: <ItemTemplate> 11: <asp:TextBox ID="TextBox2" runat="server"></asp:TextBox> 12: </ItemTemplate> 13: </asp:TemplateField> 14: <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Header 3"> 15: <ItemTemplate> 16: <asp:TextBox ID="TextBox3" runat="server"></asp:TextBox> 17: </ItemTemplate> 18: </asp:TemplateField> 19: <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Action"> 20: <ItemTemplate> 21: <asp:LinkButton ID="LinkButton1" runat="server" onclick="LinkButton1_Click" Text="Insert"></asp:LinkButton> 22: </ItemTemplate> 23: </asp:TemplateField> 24: </Columns> 25: </asp:gridview>   Then at the code behind source of ASPX page you can add this codes below:   1: private DataTable FillData() { 2:   3: DataTable dt = new DataTable(); 4: DataRow dr = null; 5:   6: //Create DataTable columns 7: dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("RowNumber", typeof(string))); 8:   9: //Create Row for each columns 10: dr = dt.NewRow(); 11: dr["RowNumber"] = 1; 12: dt.Rows.Add(dr); 13:   14: dr = dt.NewRow(); 15: dr["RowNumber"] = 2; 16: dt.Rows.Add(dr); 17:   18: dr = dt.NewRow(); 19: dr["RowNumber"] = 3; 20: dt.Rows.Add(dr); 21:   22: dr = dt.NewRow(); 23: dr["RowNumber"] = 4; 24: dt.Rows.Add(dr); 25:   26: dr = dt.NewRow(); 27: dr["RowNumber"] = 5; 28: dt.Rows.Add(dr); 29:   30: //Store the DataTable in ViewState for future reference 31: ViewState["CurrentTable"] = dt; 32:   33: return dt; 34:   35: } 36:   37: private void BindGridView(DataTable dtSource) { 38: GridView1.DataSource = dtSource; 39: GridView1.DataBind(); 40: } 41:   42: private DataRow InsertRow(DataTable dtSource, string value) { 43: DataRow dr = dtSource.NewRow(); 44: dr["RowNumber"] = value; 45: return dr; 46: } 47: //private DataRow DeleteRow(DataTable dtSource, 48:   49: protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { 50: if (!IsPostBack) { 51: BindGridView(FillData()); 52: } 53: } 54:   55: protected void LinkButton1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { 56: LinkButton lb = (LinkButton)sender; 57: GridViewRow row = (GridViewRow)lb.NamingContainer; 58: DataTable dtCurrentData = (DataTable)ViewState["CurrentTable"]; 59: if (lb.Text == "Insert") { 60: //Insert new row below the selected row 61: dtCurrentData.Rows.InsertAt(InsertRow(dtCurrentData, row.Cells[0].Text + "-sub"), row.RowIndex + 1); 62:   63: } 64: else { 65: //Delete selected sub row 66: dtCurrentData.Rows.RemoveAt(row.RowIndex); 67: } 68:   69: BindGridView(dtCurrentData); 70: ViewState["CurrentTable"] = dtCurrentData; 71: } 72:   73: protected void GridView1_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e) { 74: if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow) { 75: if (e.Row.Cells[0].Text.Contains("-sub")) { 76: ((LinkButton)e.Row.FindControl("LinkButton1")).Text = "Delete"; 77: } 78: } 79: }   As you can see the code above is pretty straight forward and self explainatory but just to give you a short explaination the code above is composed of three (3) private methods which are the FillData(), BindGridView and InsertRow(). The FillData() method is a method that returns a DataTable and basically creates a dummy data in the DataTable to be used as the GridView DataSource. You can replace the code in that method if you want to use actual data from database but for the purpose of this example I just fill the DataTable with a dummy data on it. The BindGridVew is a method that handles the actual binding of GridVew. The InsertRow() is a method that returns a DataRow. This method handles the insertion of the sub row. Now in the LinkButton OnClick event, we casted the sender to a LinkButton to determine the specific object that fires up the event and get the row values. We then reference the Data from ViewState to get the current data that is being used in the GridView. If the LinkButton text is "Insert" then we will insert new row to the DataSource ( in this case the DataTable) based on the rowIndex if not then Delete the sub row that was added. Here are some screen shots of the output below: On initial load:   After inserting a sub row:   That's it! I hope someone find this post useful!   Technorati Tags: ASP.NET,C#,GridView

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  • How to optimize my PageRank calculation?

    - by asmaier
    In the book Programming Collective Intelligence I found the following function to compute the PageRank: def calculatepagerank(self,iterations=20): # clear out the current PageRank tables self.con.execute("drop table if exists pagerank") self.con.execute("create table pagerank(urlid primary key,score)") self.con.execute("create index prankidx on pagerank(urlid)") # initialize every url with a PageRank of 1.0 self.con.execute("insert into pagerank select rowid,1.0 from urllist") self.dbcommit() for i in range(iterations): print "Iteration %d" % i for (urlid,) in self.con.execute("select rowid from urllist"): pr=0.15 # Loop through all the pages that link to this one for (linker,) in self.con.execute("select distinct fromid from link where toid=%d" % urlid): # Get the PageRank of the linker linkingpr=self.con.execute("select score from pagerank where urlid=%d" % linker).fetchone()[0] # Get the total number of links from the linker linkingcount=self.con.execute("select count(*) from link where fromid=%d" % linker).fetchone()[0] pr+=0.85*(linkingpr/linkingcount) self.con.execute("update pagerank set score=%f where urlid=%d" % (pr,urlid)) self.dbcommit() However, this function is very slow, because of all the SQL queries in every iteration >>> import cProfile >>> cProfile.run("crawler.calculatepagerank()") 2262510 function calls in 136.006 CPU seconds Ordered by: standard name ncalls tottime percall cumtime percall filename:lineno(function) 1 0.000 0.000 136.006 136.006 <string>:1(<module>) 1 20.826 20.826 136.006 136.006 searchengine.py:179(calculatepagerank) 21 0.000 0.000 0.528 0.025 searchengine.py:27(dbcommit) 21 0.528 0.025 0.528 0.025 {method 'commit' of 'sqlite3.Connecti 1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {method 'disable' of '_lsprof.Profiler 1339864 112.602 0.000 112.602 0.000 {method 'execute' of 'sqlite3.Connec 922600 2.050 0.000 2.050 0.000 {method 'fetchone' of 'sqlite3.Cursor' 1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {range} So I optimized the function and came up with this: def calculatepagerank2(self,iterations=20): # clear out the current PageRank tables self.con.execute("drop table if exists pagerank") self.con.execute("create table pagerank(urlid primary key,score)") self.con.execute("create index prankidx on pagerank(urlid)") # initialize every url with a PageRank of 1.0 self.con.execute("insert into pagerank select rowid,1.0 from urllist") self.dbcommit() inlinks={} numoutlinks={} pagerank={} for (urlid,) in self.con.execute("select rowid from urllist"): inlinks[urlid]=[] numoutlinks[urlid]=0 # Initialize pagerank vector with 1.0 pagerank[urlid]=1.0 # Loop through all the pages that link to this one for (inlink,) in self.con.execute("select distinct fromid from link where toid=%d" % urlid): inlinks[urlid].append(inlink) # get number of outgoing links from a page numoutlinks[urlid]=self.con.execute("select count(*) from link where fromid=%d" % urlid).fetchone()[0] for i in range(iterations): print "Iteration %d" % i for urlid in pagerank: pr=0.15 for link in inlinks[urlid]: linkpr=pagerank[link] linkcount=numoutlinks[link] pr+=0.85*(linkpr/linkcount) pagerank[urlid]=pr for urlid in pagerank: self.con.execute("update pagerank set score=%f where urlid=%d" % (pagerank[urlid],urlid)) self.dbcommit() This function is 20 times faster (but uses a lot more memory for all the temporary dictionaries) because it avoids the unnecessary SQL queries in every iteration: >>> cProfile.run("crawler.calculatepagerank2()") 64802 function calls in 6.950 CPU seconds Ordered by: standard name ncalls tottime percall cumtime percall filename:lineno(function) 1 0.004 0.004 6.950 6.950 <string>:1(<module>) 1 1.004 1.004 6.946 6.946 searchengine.py:207(calculatepagerank2 2 0.000 0.000 0.104 0.052 searchengine.py:27(dbcommit) 23065 0.012 0.000 0.012 0.000 {meth 'append' of 'list' objects} 2 0.104 0.052 0.104 0.052 {meth 'commit' of 'sqlite3.Connection 1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {meth 'disable' of '_lsprof.Profiler' 31298 5.809 0.000 5.809 0.000 {meth 'execute' of 'sqlite3.Connectio 10431 0.018 0.000 0.018 0.000 {method 'fetchone' of 'sqlite3.Cursor' 1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {range} But is it possible to further reduce the number of SQL queries to speed up the function even more?

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