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  • JSF:Resourcebundle Problem with Internationalization

    - by Sven
    I implemented internationalization like in that tutorial! When I change the language in my app. It works. But only until the next request happens. Then language settings are reset to my standard language -.- What am I missing here: LanguageBean.java @ManagedBean(name="language") @SessionScoped public class LanguageBean implements Serializable{ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private String localeCode; private static Map<String,Object> countries; static{ countries = new LinkedHashMap<String,Object>(); countries.put("Deutsch", Locale.GERMAN); //label, value countries.put("English", Locale.ENGLISH); } public Map<String, Object> getCountriesInMap() { return countries; } public String getLocaleCode() { return localeCode; } public void setLocaleCode(String localeCode) { this.localeCode = localeCode; } //value change event listener public void countryLocaleCodeChanged(ValueChangeEvent e){ String newLocaleValue = e.getNewValue().toString(); //loop country map to compare the locale code for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : countries.entrySet()) { if(entry.getValue().toString().equals(newLocaleValue)){ FacesContext.getCurrentInstance() .getViewRoot().setLocale((Locale)entry.getValue()); } } } } my facelets template: <h:selectOneMenu value="#{language.localeCode}" onchange="submit()" valueChangeListener="#{language.countryLocaleCodeChanged}"> <f:selectItems value="#{language.countriesInMap}" /> </h:selectOneMenu> faces-config: <application> <locale-config> <default-locale>de</default-locale> </locale-config> <resource-bundle> <base-name>org.dhbw.stg.wwi2008c.mopro.ui.text</base-name> <var>msg</var> </resource-bundle> </application>

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  • How to use the Request URL/URL Rewriting For Localization in ASP.NET - Using an HTTP Module or Globa

    - by LocalizedUrlDMan
    I wanted to see if there is a way to use the request URL/URL rewriting to set the language a page is rendered in by examining a portion of the URL in ASP.NET. We have a site that already works with ASP.NET’s resource localization and user’s can change the language that they see pages/resources on the site in, however the current mechanism in not very search engine friendly since the language variations for each language all appear as one page. It would be much better if we could have pages like www.site.com/en-mx/realfolder/realpage.aspx that allow linking to culture specific versions of a page. I know lots of people have likely done localization through URL structures before and I wanted to know if one of your could share how to do this in the Global.asax file or with an HTTP Module (pointing to links to blog postings would be great too). We have a restriction that the site is based on ASP.NET 2.0 (so we can't used the 3.5+ features yet). Here is the example scenario: A real page exits at: www.site.com/realfolder/realpage.aspx The page has a mechanism for the user to change the language it is displayed in via a dropdown. There are search engine optimization and user links sharing benefits to doing this since people can link directly to a page that has content that is applicable to a certain language (this could also include right-to-left layouts for languages like Japanese). I would like to use an HTTP module to see if the first part of the URL after www.site.com, site.com, subdomain.site.com, etc. contains a valid culture code (e.g. en-us, es-mx) then use that value to set the localization culture of the page/resources based on that URL. So if the user accesses the URL www.site.com/en-MX/realfolder/realpage.aspx Then the page will render in Mexico’s variant of Spanish. If the user goes to www.site.com/realfolder/realpage.aspx directly the page would just use their browser’s language settings.

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  • What does it mean that "Lisp can be written in itself?"

    - by Mason Wheeler
    Paul Graham wrote that "The unusual thing about Lisp-- in fact, the defining quality of Lisp-- is that it can be written in itself." But that doesn't seem the least bit unusual or definitive to me. ISTM that a programming language is defined by two things: Its compiler or interpreter, which defines the syntax and the semantics for the language by fiat, and its standard library, which defines to a large degree the idioms and techniques that skilled users will use when writing code in the language. With a few specific exceptions, (the non-C# members of the .NET family, for example,) most languages' standard libraries are written in that language for two very good reasons: because it will share the same set of syntactical definitions, function calling conventions, and the general "look and feel" of the language, and because the people who are likely to write a standard library for a programming language are its users, and particularly its designer(s). So there's nothing unique there; that's pretty standard. And again, there's nothing unique or unusual about a language's compiler being written in itself. C compilers are written in C. Pascal compilers are written in Pascal. Mono's C# compiler is written in C#. Heck, even some scripting languages have implementations "written in itself". So what does it mean that Lisp is unusual in being written in itself?

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  • XSLT multiple string replacement with recursion

    - by John Terry
    I have been attempting to perform multiple (different) string replacement with recursion and I have hit a roadblock. I have sucessfully gotten the first replacement to work, but the subsequent replacements never fire. I know this has to do with the recursion and how the with-param string is passed back into the call-template. I see my error and why the next xsl:when never fires, but I just cant seem to figure out exactly how to pass the complete modified string from the first xsl:when to the second xsl:when. Any help is greatly appreciated. <xsl:template name="replace"> <xsl:param name="string" select="." /> <xsl:choose> <xsl:when test="contains($string, '&#13;&#10;')"> <xsl:value-of select="substring-before($string, '&#13;&#10;')" /> <br/> <xsl:call-template name="replace"> <xsl:with-param name="string" select="substring-after($string, '&#13;&#10;')"/> </xsl:call-template> </xsl:when> <xsl:when test="contains($string, 'TXT')"> <xsl:value-of select="substring-before($string, '&#13;TXT')" /> <xsl:call-template name="replace"> <xsl:with-param name="string" select="substring-after($string, '&#13;')" /> </xsl:call-template> </xsl:when> <xsl:otherwise> <xsl:value-of select="$string"/> </xsl:otherwise> </xsl:choose> </xsl:template>

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  • Common practice for higher-order-polymorphism in scala

    - by raichoo
    Hi, I'm trying to grasp higher-order-polymophism in scala by implementing a very basic interface that describes a monad but I come across a problem that I don't really understand. I implemented the same with C++ and the code looks like this: #include <iostream> template <typename T> class Value { private: T value; public: Value(const T& t) { this->value = t; } T get() { return this->value; } }; template < template <typename> class Container > class Monad { public: template <typename A> Container<A> pure(const A& a); }; template <template <typename> class Container> template <typename A> Container<A> Monad<Container>::pure(const A& a) { return Container<A>(a); } int main() { Monad<Value> m; std::cout << m.pure(1).get() << std::endl; return 0; } When trying to do the same with scala I fail: class Value[T](val value: T) class Monad[Container[T]] { def pure[A](a: A): Container[A] = Container[A](a) } object Main { def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = { val m = new Monad[Value] m.pure(1) } } The compiler complains about: [raichoo@lain:Scala]:434> scalac highorder.scala highorder.scala:5: error: not found: value Container Container[A](a) ^ one error found What am I doing wrong here? There seems to be a fundamental concept I don't seem to understand about scala typeconstructors. Regards, raichoo

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  • Copy a directory from a jar file

    - by Macarse
    Hi. I recently finished and application and created a jar file. One of my classes creates an output directory populating it with files from it's resource. The code is something like this: // Copy files from dir "template" in this class resource to output. private void createOutput(File output) throws IOException { File template = new File(FileHelper.URL2Path(getClass().getResource("template"))); FileHelper.copyDirectory(template, output); } The problem is that now that I am running for a jar, this doesn't work. I tried without luck: Using Streams to solve similar stuff on other classes but it doesn't work with dirs. Code was similar to http://www.exampledepot.com/egs/java.io/CopyFile.html Creating the File template with new File(getClass().getResource("template").toUri()) While writting this I was thinking about instead of having a template dir in the resource path having a zip file of it. Doing it this way I could get the file as an inputStream and unzip it where I need to. But I am not sure if it's the correct way. Thanks for reading!

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  • Get type of the parameter from list of objects, templates, C++

    - by CrocodileDundee
    This question follows to my previous question Get type of the parameter, templates, C++ There is the following data structure: Object1.h template <class T> class Object1 { private: T a1; T a2; public: T getA1() {return a1;} typedef T type; }; Object2.h template <class T> class Object2: public Object1 <T> { private: T b1; T b2; public: T getB1() {return b1;} } List.h template <typename Item> struct TList { typedef std::vector <Item> Type; }; template <typename Item> class List { private: typename TList <Item>::Type items; }; Is there any way how to get type T of an object from the list of objects (i.e. Object is not a direct parameter of the function but a template parameter)? template <class Object> void process (List <Object> *objects) { typename Object::type a1 = objects[0].getA1(); // g++ error: 'Object1<double>*' is not a class, struct, or union type } But his construction works (i.e. Object represents a parameter of the function) template <class Object> void process (Object *o1) { typename Object::type a1 = o1.getA1(); // OK }

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  • static member specialization of templated child class and templated base class

    - by b3nj1
    I'm trying to have a templated class (here C) that inherits from another templated class (here A) and perform static member specialization (of int var here), but I cant get the right syntax to do so (if it's possible #include <iostream> template<typename derived> class A { public: static int var; }; //This one works fine class B :public A<B> { public: B() { std::cout << var << std::endl; } }; template<> int A<B>::var = 9; //This one doesn't works template<typename type> class C :public A<C<type> > { public: C() { std::cout << var << std::endl; } }; //template<> template<typename type> int A<C<type> >::a = 10; int main() { B b; C<int> c; return 0; } I put an example that works with a non templated class (here B) and i can get the static member specialization of var, but for C that just doesn't work. Here is what gcc tells me : test.cpp: In constructor ‘C<type>::C()’: test.cpp:29:26: error: ‘var’ was not declared in this scope test.cpp: At global scope: test.cpp:34:18: error: template definition of non-template ‘int A<C<type> >::a’ I'm using gcc version 4.6.3, thanks for any help

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  • Magento - Add CMS Block to One Page

    - by a1anm
    I have this code in a xml layout file: <reference name="left"> <block type="blog/blog" name="left.blog.menu" before="-"> <action method="setTemplate" ifconfig="blog/menu/left"> <template>aw_blog/menu.phtml</template> </action> <block type="blog/tags" name="blog_tags" /> </block> </reference> I want to add a cms static block to the blog pages using this code: <block type="cms/block" name="brand_list"> <action method="setBlockId"><block_id>brand_list</block_id></action> </block> If I add it in directly after this line: <reference name="left"> It works but it is then displayed on every page. How can I get it to show only on the blog pages? Thanks. Edit: Here is the entire xml file: <layout version="0.1.0"> <default> <reference name="footer_links"> <block type="blog/blog" name="add.blog.footer"> <block type="blog/tags" name="blog_tags" /> <action method="addFooterLink" ifconfig="blog/menu/footer"></action> </block> </reference> <reference name="right"> <block type="blog/blog" name="right.blog.menu" before="-"> <action method="setTemplate" ifconfig="blog/menu/right" ifvalue="1"> <template>aw_blog/menu.phtml</template> </action> <block type="blog/tags" name="blog_tags" /> </block> </reference> <reference name="left"> <block type="blog/blog" name="left.blog.menu" before="-"> <action method="setTemplate" ifconfig="blog/menu/left"> <template>aw_blog/menu.phtml</template> </action> <block type="blog/tags" name="blog_tags" /> </block> </reference> <reference name="top.links"> <block type="blog/blog" name="add.blog.link"> <action method="addTopLink" ifconfig="blog/menu/top"></action> <block type="blog/tags" name="blog_tags" /> </block> </reference> <reference name="head"> <action method="addItem"><type>skin_css</type><name>aw_blog/css/style.css</name></action> </reference> </default> <blog_index_index> <reference name="content"> <block type="blog/blog" name="blog" template="aw_blog/blog.phtml"/> </reference> </blog_index_index> <blog_index_list> <reference name="content"> <block type="blog/blog" name="blog" template="aw_blog/blog.phtml"/> </reference> </blog_index_list> <blog_post_view> <reference name="content"> <block type="blog/post" name="post" template="aw_blog/post.phtml"> <block type="socialbookmarking/bookmarks" name="bookmarks" template="bookmarks/bookmarks.phtml"/> </block> </reference> </blog_post_view> <blog_cat_view> <reference name="content"> <block type="blog/cat" name="cat" template="aw_blog/cat.phtml" /> </reference> </blog_cat_view> <blog_rss_index> <block type="blog/rss" output="toHtml" name="rss.blog.new"/> </blog_rss_index> </layout>

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  • std::basic_stringstream<unsigned char> won't compile with MSVC 10

    - by Michael J
    I'm trying to get UTF-8 chars to co-exist with ANSI 8-bit chars. My strategy has been to represent utf-8 chars as unsigned char so that appropriate overloads of functions can be used for the two character types. e.g. namespace MyStuff { typedef uchar utf8_t; typedef std::basic_string<utf8_t> U8string; } void SomeFunc(std::string &s); void SomeFunc(std::wstring &s); void SomeFunc(MyStuff::U8string &s); This all works pretty well until I try to use a stringstream. std::basic_ostringstream<MyStuff::utf8_t> ostr; ostr << 1; MSVC Visual C++ Express V10 won't compile this: c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 10.0\vc\include\xlocmon(213): warning C4273: 'id' : inconsistent dll linkage c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 10.0\vc\include\xlocnum(65) : see previous definition of 'public: static std::locale::id std::numpunct<unsigned char>::id' c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 10.0\vc\include\xlocnum(65) : while compiling class template static data member 'std::locale::id std::numpunct<_Elem>::id' with [ _Elem=Tk::utf8_t ] c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 10.0\vc\include\xlocnum(1149) : see reference to function template instantiation 'const _Facet &std::use_facet<std::numpunct<_Elem>>(const std::locale &)' being compiled with [ _Facet=std::numpunct<Tk::utf8_t>, _Elem=Tk::utf8_t ] c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 10.0\vc\include\xlocnum(1143) : while compiling class template member function 'std::ostreambuf_iterator<_Elem,_Traits> std::num_put<_Elem,_OutIt>:: do_put(_OutIt,std::ios_base &,_Elem,std::_Bool) const' with [ _Elem=Tk::utf8_t, _Traits=std::char_traits<Tk::utf8_t>, _OutIt=std::ostreambuf_iterator<Tk::utf8_t,std::char_traits<Tk::utf8_t>> ] c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 10.0\vc\include\ostream(295) : see reference to class template instantiation 'std::num_put<_Elem,_OutIt>' being compiled with [ _Elem=Tk::utf8_t, _OutIt=std::ostreambuf_iterator<Tk::utf8_t,std::char_traits<Tk::utf8_t>> ] c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 10.0\vc\include\ostream(281) : while compiling class template member function 'std::basic_ostream<_Elem,_Traits> & std::basic_ostream<_Elem,_Traits>::operator <<(int)' with [ _Elem=Tk::utf8_t, _Traits=std::char_traits<Tk::utf8_t> ] c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 10.0\vc\include\sstream(526) : see reference to class template instantiation 'std::basic_ostream<_Elem,_Traits>' being compiled with [ _Elem=Tk::utf8_t, _Traits=std::char_traits<Tk::utf8_t> ] c:\users\michael\dvl\tmp\console\console.cpp(23) : see reference to class template instantiation 'std::basic_ostringstream<_Elem,_Traits,_Alloc>' being compiled with [ _Elem=Tk::utf8_t, _Traits=std::char_traits<Tk::utf8_t>, _Alloc=std::allocator<uchar> ] . c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 10.0\vc\include\xlocmon(213): error C2491: 'std::numpunct<_Elem>::id' : definition of dllimport static data member not allowed with [ _Elem=Tk::utf8_t ] Any ideas? ** Edited 19 June 2012 ** OK, I've gotten closer to understanding this, but not how to solve it. As we all know, static class variables get defined twice: once in the class definition and once outside the class definition which establishes storage space. e.g. // in .h file class CFoo { // ... static int x; }; // in .cpp file int CFoo::x = 42; Now in the VC10 headers we get something like this: template<class _Elem> class numpunct : public locale::facet { // ... _CRTIMP2_PURE static locale::id id; // ... } When the header is included in an application, _CRTIMP2_PURE is defined as __declspec(dllimport), which means that the variable is imported from a dll. Now the header also contains the following template<class _Elem> locale::id numpunct<_Elem>::id; Note the absence of the __declspec(dllimport) qualifier. i.e. The class declaration says that the static linkage of the id variable is in the dll, but for the general case, it gets declared outside the dll. For the known cases, there are specialisations. template locale::id numpunct<char>::id; template locale::id numpunct<wchar_t>::id; These are protected by #ifs so that they are only included when building the DLL. They are excluded otherwise. i.e. the char and wchar_t versions of numpunct ARE inside the dll So we have the class definition saying that id's storage is in the DLL, but that is only true for the char and wchar_t specialisations, meaning that my unsigned char version is doomed. :-( The only way forward that I can think of is to create my own specialisation: basically copying it from the header file and fixing it. This raises many issues. Anybody have a better idea?

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  • error - inherited class field undeclared according to g++

    - by infoholic_anonymous
    I have a code that has the following logic. g++ gives me the error that I have not declared n in my iterator2. What could be wrong? template <typename T> class List{ template <typename TT> class Node; Node<T> *head; /* (...) */ template <bool D> class iterator1{ protected: Node<T> n; public: iterator1( Node<T> *nn ) { n = nn } /* (...) */ }; template <bool D> class iterator2 : public iterator1<D>{ public: iterator2( Node<T> *nn ) : iterator1<D>( nn ) {} void fun( Node<T> *nn ) { n = nn; } /* (...) */ }; }; EDIT : I attach the actual header file. iterator1 would be iterable_frame and iterator2 - switchable_frame. #ifndef LST_H #define LST_H template <typename T> class List { public: template <typename TT> class Node; private: Node<T> *head; public: List() { head = new Node<T>; } ~List() { empty_list(); delete head; } List( const List &l ); inline bool is_empty() const { return head->next[0] == head; } void empty_list(); template <bool DIM> class iterable_frame { protected: Node<T> *head; Node<T> **caret; public: iterable_frame( const List &l ) { head = *(caret = &l.head); } iterable_frame( const iterable_frame &i ) { head = *(caret = i.caret); } ~iterable_frame() {} /* (...) - a few methods follow */ template <bool _DIM> friend class supervised_frame; }; template <bool DIM> class switchable_frame : public iterable_frame<DIM> { Node<T> *main_head; public: switchable_frame( const List& l ) : iterable_frame<DIM>(l) { main_head = head; } inline bool next_frame() { caret = &head->next[!DIM]; head = *caret; return head != main_head; } }; template <bool DIM> class supervised_frame { iterable_frame<DIM> sentinels; iterable_frame<DIM> cells; public: supervised_frame( const List &l ) : sentinels(l), cells(l) {} ~supervised_frame() {} /* (...) - a few methods follow */ }; template <typename TT> class Node { unsigned index[2]; TT num; Node<TT> *next[2]; public: Node( unsigned x = 0, unsigned y = 0 ) { index[0]=x; index[1]=y; next[0] = this; next[1] = this; } Node( unsigned x, unsigned y, TT d ) { index[0]=x; index[1]=y; num=d; next[0] = this; next[1] = this; } Node( const Node &n ) { index[0] = n.index[0]; index[1] = n.index[1]; num = n.num; next[0] = next[1] = this; } ~Node() {} friend class List; }; }; #include "List.cpp" #endif the exact error log is the following: In file included from main.cpp:1: List.h: In member function ‘bool List<T>::switchable_frame<DIM>::next_frame()’: List.h:77: error: ‘caret’ was not declared in this scope

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  • MediaWiki migrated from Tiger to Snow Leopard throwing an exceptions

    - by Matt S
    I had an old laptop running Mac OS X 10.4 with macports for web development: Apache 2, PHP 5.3.2, Mysql 5, etc. I got a new laptop running Mac OS X 10.6 and installed macports. I installed the same web development apps: Apache 2, PHP 5.3.2, Mysql 5, etc. All versions the same as my old laptop. A Mediawiki site (version 1.15) was copied over from my old system (via the Migration Assistant). Having a fresh Mysql setup, I dumped my old database and imported it on the new system. When I try to browse to mediawiki's "Special" pages, I get the following exception thrown: Invalid language code requested Backtrace: #0 /languages/Language.php(2539): Language::loadLocalisation(NULL) #1 /includes/MessageCache.php(846): Language::getFallbackFor(NULL) #2 /includes/MessageCache.php(821): MessageCache->processMessagesArray(Array, NULL) #3 /includes/GlobalFunctions.php(2901): MessageCache->loadMessagesFile('/Users/matt/Sit...', false) #4 /extensions/OpenID/OpenID.setup.php(181): wfLoadExtensionMessages('OpenID') #5 [internal function]: OpenIDLocalizedPageName(Array, 'en') #6 /includes/Hooks.php(117): call_user_func_array('OpenIDLocalized...', Array) #7 /languages/Language.php(1851): wfRunHooks('LanguageGetSpec...', Array) #8 /includes/SpecialPage.php(240): Language->getSpecialPageAliases() #9 /includes/SpecialPage.php(262): SpecialPage::initAliasList() #10 /includes/SpecialPage.php(406): SpecialPage::resolveAlias('UserLogin') #11 /includes/SpecialPage.php(507): SpecialPage::getPageByAlias('UserLogin') #12 /includes/Wiki.php(229): SpecialPage::executePath(Object(Title)) #13 /includes/Wiki.php(59): MediaWiki->initializeSpecialCases(Object(Title), Object(OutputPage), Object(WebRequest)) #14 /index.php(116): MediaWiki->initialize(Object(Title), NULL, Object(OutputPage), Object(User), Object(WebRequest)) #15 {main} I tried to step through Mediawiki's code, but it's a mess. There are global variables everywhere. If I change the code slightly to get around the exception, the page comes up blank and there are no errors (implying there are multiple problems). Anyone else get Mediawiki 1.15 working on OS X 10.6 with macports? Anything in the migration from Tiger that could cause a problem? Any clues where to look for answers?

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  • Choosing a Windows Automation script language. Autoit vs Autohotkey.

    - by PA
    I need to choose a windows automation program. Which one do you recommend? AutoIt, AutoHotkey, others? I have read http://paperlined.org/apps/autohotkey/autoit_and_autohotkey.html , interesting history but without a clear recommendation. Searching on google leaves a winner (around 312k hits for AutoHotkey Windows vs 482k hits for AutoIt Windows). In StackOverflow there are 15 questions tagged as AutoIt vs 18 for AutoHotkey. I am interested on your opinion as programmers. Which one do you think is easier to use, more deployable and more powerful in terms of functionality? Note: I have already used AutoHotkey for personal use. So my initial preference is for this.

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  • Is Objective-C++ a totally different language from Objective-C?

    - by Jake Petroules
    As the title says... are they considered different languages? For example if you've written an application using a combination of C++ and Objective-C++ would you consider it to have been written in C++ and Objective-C, C++ and Objective-C++ or all three? Obviously C and C++ are different languages even though C++ and C are directly compatible, how is the situation with Objective-C++ and Objective-C?

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  • Is there an "opposite" to the null coalescing operator? (…in any language?)

    - by Jay
    null coalescing translates roughly to return x, unless it is null, in which case return y I often need return null if x is null, otherwise return x.y I can use return x == null ? null : x.y; Not bad, but that null in the middle always bothers me -- it seems superfluous. I'd prefer something like return x :: x.y;, where what follows the :: is evaluated only if what precedes it is not null. I see this as almost an opposite to null coalescence, kind of mixed in with a terse, inline null-check, but I'm [almost] certain that there is no such operator in C#. Are there other languages that have such an operator? If so, what is it called? (I know that I can write a method for it in C#; I use return NullOrValue.of(x, () => x.y);, but if you have anything better, I'd like to see that too.)

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  • Is the valid state domain of a program a regular language?

    - by BCS
    If you look at the call stack of a program and treat each return pointer as a token, what kind of automata is needed to build a recognizer for the valid states of the program? As a corollary, what kind of automata is needed to build a recognizer for a specific bug state? My thought is that if these form regular languages than some interesting tools could be built around that. E.g. given a set of crash/failure dumps, automatically group them and generate a recognizer to identify new instances of know bugs.

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  • i am using winsock2.h in c language the following errors are unuderstandable help required?

    - by moon
    i am going to paste here my code an errors :::: #include "stdio.h" #include "winsock2.h" #define SIO_RCVALL _WSAIOW(IOC_VENDOR,1) //this removes the need of mstcpip.h void StartSniffing (SOCKET Sock); //This will sniff here and there void ProcessPacket (unsigned char* , int); //This will decide how to digest void PrintIpHeader (unsigned char* , int); void PrintUdpPacket (unsigned char* , int); void ConvertToHex (unsigned char* , unsigned int); void PrintData (unsigned char* , int); //IP Header Structure typedef struct ip_hdr { unsigned char ip_header_len:4; // 4-bit header length (in 32-bit words) normally=5 (Means 20 Bytes may be 24 also) unsigned char ip_version :4; // 4-bit IPv4 version unsigned char ip_tos; // IP type of service unsigned short ip_total_length; // Total length unsigned short ip_id; // Unique identifier unsigned char ip_frag_offset :5; // Fragment offset field unsigned char ip_more_fragment :1; unsigned char ip_dont_fragment :1; unsigned char ip_reserved_zero :1; unsigned char ip_frag_offset1; //fragment offset unsigned char ip_ttl; // Time to live unsigned char ip_protocol; // Protocol(TCP,UDP etc) unsigned short ip_checksum; // IP checksum unsigned int ip_srcaddr; // Source address unsigned int ip_destaddr; // Source address } IPV4_HDR; //UDP Header Structure typedef struct udp_hdr { unsigned short source_port; // Source port no. unsigned short dest_port; // Dest. port no. unsigned short udp_length; // Udp packet length unsigned short udp_checksum; // Udp checksum (optional) } UDP_HDR; //ICMP Header Structure typedef struct icmp_hdr { BYTE type; // ICMP Error type BYTE code; // Type sub code USHORT checksum; USHORT id; USHORT seq; } ICMP_HDR; FILE *logfile; int tcp=0,udp=0,icmp=0,others=0,igmp=0,total=0,i,j; struct sockaddr_in source,dest; char hex[2]; //Its free! IPV4_HDR *iphdr; UDP_HDR *udpheader; int main() { SOCKET sniffer; struct in_addr addr; int in; char hostname[100]; struct hostent *local; WSADATA wsa; //logfile=fopen("log.txt","w"); //if(logfile==NULL) printf("Unable to create file."); //Initialise Winsock printf("\nInitialising Winsock..."); if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsa) != 0) { printf("WSAStartup() failed.\n"); return 1; } printf("Initialised"); //Create a RAW Socket printf("\nCreating RAW Socket..."); sniffer = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_IP); if (sniffer == INVALID_SOCKET) { printf("Failed to create raw socket.\n"); return 1; } printf("Created."); //Retrive the local hostname if (gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname)) == SOCKET_ERROR) { printf("Error : %d",WSAGetLastError()); return 1; } printf("\nHost name : %s \n",hostname); //Retrive the available IPs of the local host local = gethostbyname(hostname); printf("\nAvailable Network Interfaces : \n"); if (local == NULL) { printf("Error : %d.\n",WSAGetLastError()); return 1; } for (i = 0; local->h_addr_list[i] != 0; ++i) { memcpy(&addr, local->h_addr_list[i], sizeof(struct in_addr)); printf("Interface Number : %d Address : %s\n",i,inet_ntoa(addr)); } printf("Enter the interface number you would like to sniff : "); scanf("%d",&in); memset(&dest, 0, sizeof(dest)); memcpy(&dest.sin_addr.s_addr,local->h_addr_list[in],sizeof(dest.sin_addr.s_addr)); dest.sin_family = AF_INET; dest.sin_port = 0; printf("\nBinding socket to local system and port 0 ..."); if (bind(sniffer,(struct sockaddr *)&dest,sizeof(dest)) == SOCKET_ERROR) { printf("bind(%s) failed.\n", inet_ntoa(addr)); return 1; } printf("Binding successful"); //Enable this socket with the power to sniff : SIO_RCVALL is the key Receive ALL ;) j=1; printf("\nSetting socket to sniff..."); if (WSAIoctl(sniffer, SIO_RCVALL,&j, sizeof(j), 0, 0,(LPDWORD)&in,0, 0) == SOCKET_ERROR) { printf("WSAIoctl() failed.\n"); return 1; } printf("Socket set."); //Begin printf("\nStarted Sniffing\n"); printf("Packet Capture Statistics...\n"); StartSniffing(sniffer); //Happy Sniffing //End closesocket(sniffer); WSACleanup(); return 0; } void StartSniffing(SOCKET sniffer) { unsigned char *Buffer = ( unsigned char *)malloc(65536); //Its Big! int mangobyte; if (Buffer == NULL) { printf("malloc() failed.\n"); return; } do { mangobyte = recvfrom(sniffer,(char *)Buffer,65536,0,0,0); //Eat as much as u can if(mangobyte > 0) ProcessPacket(Buffer, mangobyte); else printf( "recvfrom() failed.\n"); } while (mangobyte > 0); free(Buffer); } void ProcessPacket(unsigned char* Buffer, int Size) { iphdr = (IPV4_HDR *)Buffer; ++total; switch (iphdr->ip_protocol) //Check the Protocol and do accordingly... { case 1: //ICMP Protocol ++icmp; //PrintIcmpPacket(Buffer,Size); break; case 2: //IGMP Protocol ++igmp; break; case 6: //TCP Protocol ++tcp; //PrintTcpPacket(Buffer,Size); break; case 17: //UDP Protocol ++udp; PrintUdpPacket(Buffer,Size); break; default: //Some Other Protocol like ARP etc. ++others; break; } printf("TCP : %d UDP : %d ICMP : %d IGMP : %d Others : %d Total : %d\r",tcp,udp,icmp,igmp,others,total); } void PrintIpHeader (unsigned char* Buffer, int Size) { unsigned short iphdrlen; iphdr = (IPV4_HDR *)Buffer; iphdrlen = iphdr->ip_header_len*4; memset(&source, 0, sizeof(source)); source.sin_addr.s_addr = iphdr->ip_srcaddr; memset(&dest, 0, sizeof(dest)); dest.sin_addr.s_addr = iphdr->ip_destaddr; fprintf(logfile,"\n"); fprintf(logfile,"IP Header\n"); fprintf(logfile," |-IP Version : %d\n",(unsigned int)iphdr->ip_version); fprintf(logfile," |-IP Header Length : %d DWORDS or %d Bytes\n",(unsigned int)iphdr->ip_header_len); fprintf(logfile," |-Type Of Service : %d\n",(unsigned int)iphdr->ip_tos); fprintf(logfile," |-IP Total Length : %d Bytes(Size of Packet)\n",ntohs(iphdr->ip_total_length)); fprintf(logfile," |-Identification : %d\n",ntohs(iphdr->ip_id)); fprintf(logfile," |-Reserved ZERO Field : %d\n",(unsigned int)iphdr->ip_reserved_zero); fprintf(logfile," |-Dont Fragment Field : %d\n",(unsigned int)iphdr->ip_dont_fragment); fprintf(logfile," |-More Fragment Field : %d\n",(unsigned int)iphdr->ip_more_fragment); fprintf(logfile," |-TTL : %d\n",(unsigned int)iphdr->ip_ttl); fprintf(logfile," |-Protocol : %d\n",(unsigned int)iphdr->ip_protocol); fprintf(logfile," |-Checksum : %d\n",ntohs(iphdr->ip_checksum)); fprintf(logfile," |-Source IP : %s\n",inet_ntoa(source.sin_addr)); fprintf(logfile," |-Destination IP : %s\n",inet_ntoa(dest.sin_addr)); } void PrintUdpPacket(unsigned char *Buffer,int Size) { unsigned short iphdrlen; iphdr = (IPV4_HDR *)Buffer; iphdrlen = iphdr->ip_header_len*4; udpheader = (UDP_HDR *)(Buffer + iphdrlen); fprintf(logfile,"\n\n***********************UDP Packet*************************\n"); PrintIpHeader(Buffer,Size); fprintf(logfile,"\nUDP Header\n"); fprintf(logfile," |-Source Port : %d\n",ntohs(udpheader->source_port)); fprintf(logfile," |-Destination Port : %d\n",ntohs(udpheader->dest_port)); fprintf(logfile," |-UDP Length : %d\n",ntohs(udpheader->udp_length)); fprintf(logfile," |-UDP Checksum : %d\n",ntohs(udpheader->udp_checksum)); fprintf(logfile,"\n"); fprintf(logfile,"IP Header\n"); PrintData(Buffer,iphdrlen); fprintf(logfile,"UDP Header\n"); PrintData(Buffer+iphdrlen,sizeof(UDP_HDR)); fprintf(logfile,"Data Payload\n"); PrintData(Buffer+iphdrlen+sizeof(UDP_HDR) ,(Size - sizeof(UDP_HDR) - iphdr->ip_header_len*4)); fprintf(logfile,"\n###########################################################"); } void PrintData (unsigned char* data , int Size) { for(i=0 ; i < Size ; i++) { if( i!=0 && i%16==0) //if one line of hex printing is complete... { fprintf(logfile," "); for(j=i-16 ; j<i ; j++) { if(data[j]>=32 && data[j]<=128) fprintf(logfile,"%c",(unsigned char)data[j]); //if its a number or alphabet else fprintf(logfile,"."); //otherwise print a dot } fprintf(logfile,"\n"); } if(i%16==0) fprintf(logfile," "); fprintf(logfile," %02X",(unsigned int)data[i]); if( i==Size-1) //print the last spaces { for(j=0;j<15-i%16;j++) fprintf(logfile," "); //extra spaces fprintf(logfile," "); for(j=i-i%16 ; j<=i ; j++) { if(data[j]>=32 && data[j]<=128) fprintf(logfile,"%c",(unsigned char)data[j]); else fprintf(logfile,"."); } fprintf(logfile,"\n"); } } } following are the errors Error 1 error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __imp__WSACleanup@0 referenced in function _main sniffer.obj sniffer test Error 2 error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __imp__closesocket@4 referenced in function _main sniffer.obj sniffer test Error 3 error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __imp__WSAIoctl@36 referenced in function _main sniffer.obj sniffer test Error 4 error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __imp__bind@12 referenced in function _main sniffer.obj sniffer test Error 5 error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __imp__inet_ntoa@4 referenced in function _main sniffer.obj sniffer test Error 6 error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __imp__gethostbyname@4 referenced in function _main sniffer.obj sniffer test Error 7 error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __imp__WSAGetLastError@0 referenced in function _main sniffer.obj sniffer test Error 8 error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __imp__gethostname@8 referenced in function _main sniffer.obj sniffer test Error 9 error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __imp__socket@12 referenced in function _main sniffer.obj sniffer test Error 10 error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __imp__WSAStartup@8 referenced in function _main sniffer.obj sniffer test Error 11 error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __imp__recvfrom@24 referenced in function "void __cdecl StartSniffing(unsigned int)" (?StartSniffing@@YAXI@Z) sniffer.obj sniffer test Error 12 error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol __imp__ntohs@4 referenced in function "void __cdecl PrintIpHeader(unsigned char *,int)" (?PrintIpHeader@@YAXPAEH@Z) sniffer.obj sniffer test Error 13 fatal error LNK1120: 12 unresolved externals E:\CWM\sniffer test\Debug\sniffer test.exe sniffer test

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  • Why we used double and triple pointer in objective-C or C language?

    - by Rajendra Bhole
    Hi, I confused when i want to take single pointer and when should i take double pointer? In following structure what exactly did? struct objc_class { Class isa; Class super_class; const char *name; long version; long info; long instance_size; struct objc_ivar_list *ivars; struct objc_method_list **methodLists; struct objc_cache *cache; struct objc_protocol_list *protocols; }; Why we use the "**methodLists" double pointer. Edited int sqlite3_get_table( sqlite3 *db, const char zSql, char **pazResult, int *pnRow, int *pnColumn, char *pzErrmsg ); In above scenario what will be meaning of triple pointer char **pazResult?

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  • Why Java language does not offer a way to declare getters and setters of a given "field" through ann

    - by zim2001
    I actually happily design and develop JEE Applications for quite 9 years, but I realized recently that as time goes by, I feel more and more fed up of dragging all these ugly bean classes with their bunch of getters and setters. Considering a basic bean like this : public class MyBean { // needs getter AND setter private int myField1; // needs only a getter, no setter private int myField2; // needs only a setter, no getter private int myField3; /** * Get the field1 * @return the field1 */ public int getField1() { return myField1; } /** * Set the field1 * @param value the value */ public void setField1(int value) { myField1 = value; } /** * Get the field2 * @return the field2 */ public int getField2() { return myField2; } /** * Set the field3 * @param value the value */ public void setField3(int value) { myField3 = value; } } I'm dreaming of something like this : public class MyBean { @inout(public,public) private int myField1; @out(public) private int myField2; @in(public) private int myField3; } No more stupid javadoc, just tell the important thing... It would still be possible to mix annotation and written down getters or setters, to cover cases when it should do non-trivial sets and gets. In other words, annotation would auto-generate the getter / setter code piece except when a literate one is provided. Moreover, I'm also dreaming of replacing things like that : MyBean b = new MyBean(); int v = b.getField1(); b.setField3(v+1); by such : MyBean b = new MyBean(); int v = b.field1; b.field3 = v+1; In fact, writing "b.field1" on the right side of an expression would be semantically identical to write "b.getField1()", I mean as if it has been replaced by some kind of a preprocessor. It's just an idea but I'm wondering if I'm alone on that topic, and also if it has major flaws. I'm aware that this question doesn't exactly meet the SO credo (we prefer questions that can be answered, not just discussed) so I flag it community wiki...

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  • Is there an extensible SQL like query language that is safe for exposing via a public API?

    - by Lokkju
    I want to expose some spatial (and a few non-spatial) datasets via a public API. The backend store will either be PostgreSQL/PostGIS, sqlite/spatialite, or CouchDB/GeoCouch. My goal is to find a some, preferably standard, way to allow people to make complex spatial queries against the data. I would like it to be a simple GET based request. The idea is to allow safe SQL type queries, without allowing unsafe ones. I would rather modify something that is off the shelf than doing the entire thing myself. I specifically want to support requesting specific fields from a table; joining results; and spatial functions that are already implemented by the underlying datastore. Ideas anyone?

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  • How you would you describe the Observer pattern in beginner language?

    - by Sheldon
    Currently, my level of understanding is below all the coding examples on the web about the Observer Pattern. I understand it simply as being almost a subscription that updates all other events when a change is made that the delegate registers. However, I'm very unstable in my true comprehension of the benefits and uses. I've done some googling, but most are above my level of understanding. I'm trying to implement this pattern with my current homework assignment, and to truly make sense on my project need a better understanding of the pattern itself and perhaps an example to see what its use. I don't want to force this pattern into something just to submit, I need to understand the purpose and develop my methods accordingly so that it actually serves a good purpose. My text doesn't really go into it, just mentions it in one sentence. MSDN was hard for me to understand, as I'm a beginner on this, and it seems more of an advanced topic. How would you describe this Observer pattern and its uses in C# to a beginner? For an example, please keep code very simple so I can understand the purpose more than complex code snippets. I'm trying to use it effectively with some simple textbox string manipulations and using delegates for my assignment, so a pointer would help!

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