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• When can an FTP server close its passive connections?

  - by Don Kirkby

  Does the FTP protocol allow the server to close any of its passive connections while the client is still connected? Can it tell when the client is finished receiving and then close the connection? I'm including an FTP server in my application using the pyftpdlib Python project. I've got it to work in active and passive mode, but I'm a bit concerned about when it closes its passive connections. I've tried connecting to it with both FileZilla and the default ftp command in Ubuntu, and in both cases, I get a new passive port for every request. That is, if I sit in the root folder and type ls 10 times, I use up 10 ports. This means that I have to allocate a big block of passive ports for the FTP server to use so it won't run out. As soon as the client disconnects, the server releases all the passive connections associated with that client and those ports can be reused. However, a long-running connection could use up a lot of ports.

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• ext4 loopback device, Buffer I/O Error on reboot

  - by cvb

  I am trying to mount a loopback device on my ext4 formatted ssd drive. I get these errors when I reboot on Linux kernel 2.6.38.8 Buffer I/O error on device loop1, logical block 0 Here is what I do: dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/s/lodev bs=4096 count=250000 mkfs.ext4 /mnt/s/lodev mount -n -o loop,rw /mnt/s/lodev /mnt/test The loopback mount is successful, but on reboot I get errors as mentioned above. Even mouting with 'sync','data=writeback' does not help. I tried to losetup a device, but see the same behavior. I also reformatted the base device and created the loopback device and mounted as above, I still see these errors. I do not see them when I format them as vfat. Appreciate any suggestions on this problem.

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• nginx: URL rewrites and performance

  - by j0nes

  I have a website where I need to change the URL structure. The old URLs look like /olddir/part1_de.htm, the new ones will look like /newdir/sub/category/anotherpage.htm. There are a lot of URL rewrites I need to do, I assume about 500 distinct rewrites in the end. As my website gets quite a lot of traffic, my main concern is about performance at the moment. My questions are: I assume that for each request, the rewrites block will be parsed and the regex will be evaluated. Am I right? Will there be a performance penalty if I use these rewrites? Can nginx handle this? Are there any "best practices" to follow when doing a lot of rewrites?

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• Backup tape compression

  - by pufferfish

  What things should I check to confirm that compression is actually happening on our tape backup system? Although the tapes are marked as 200G/520G (native/compressed) capacity, they seem to fill up before the 200G mark (some less than 100G). I'm using - Sony AIT-4 tape autochanger - Sony SDX4-200C (AIT-4) tapes - Ubuntu Lucid - Bacula I've tried checking hardware compression with: tapeinfo -f /dev/nst0, which gives Product Type: Tape Drive Vendor ID: 'SONY ' Product ID: 'SDX-900V ' Revision: '0102' Attached Changer API: No SerialNumber: '0001000036' MinBlock: 2 MaxBlock: 8388608 SCSI ID: 1 SCSI LUN: 0 Ready: yes BufferedMode: yes Medium Type: Not Loaded Density Code: 0x33 BlockSize: 0 DataCompEnabled: yes DataCompCapable: yes DataDeCompEnabled: yes CompType: 0x3 DeCompType: 0x3 BOP: yes Block Position: 0 Partition 0 Remaining Kbytes: 201778000 Partition 0 Size in Kbytes: 201779000 ActivePartition: 0 EarlyWarningSize: 0 NumPartitions: 0 MaxPartitions: 0 ... so I presume it's on. Notes: The Bacula documentation says hardware compression needs to be enable with "system tools such as mt"

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• MySQL won't start, reinstall fails on Ubuntu 12.04

  - by Evils

  My problem started yesterday night when I tried to change the my.cnf config on my ubuntu 12.04 x64 System. I simply tried to changed the bind-address parameter from 127.0.0.1 to 0.0.0.0. A simple restart after a reboot gave this error: stop: Unknown instance: start: Job failed to start I tried to start mysql then by using 'mysqld' which outputs this: 130701 11:05:59 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. mysqld: Table 'mysql.plugin' doesn't exist 130701 11:05:59 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it. 130701 11:05:59 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 130701 11:05:59 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 130701 11:05:59 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3.4 130701 11:05:59 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M 130701 11:05:59 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 130701 11:05:59 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda. 130701 11:05:59 InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start 130701 11:06:00 InnoDB: 5.5.31 started; log sequence number 1595675 130701 11:06:00 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '127.0.0.1'; port: 3306 130701 11:06:00 [Note] - '127.0.0.1' resolves to '127.0.0.1'; 130701 11:06:00 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '127.0.0.1'. 130701 11:06:00 [ERROR] Can't start server : Bind on unix socket: Permission denied 130701 11:06:00 [ERROR] Do you already have another mysqld server running on socket: /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock ? 130701 11:06:00 [ERROR] Aborting 130701 11:06:00 InnoDB: Starting shutdown... 130701 11:06:00 InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1595675 130701 11:06:00 [Note] mysqld: Shutdown complete Meanwhile I already tried to reinstall and purge the complete mysql package which results in another error which says that dpkg cant change the admins password. While this error appeared another error came with it. When trying to install something new with apt, it always says 'fopen: permission denied' right after it tries to update my man-db. This is my dmesg output: [ 6879.687998] type=1400 audit(1372669683.397:36): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/sbin/mysqld" pid=9336 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 6881.323215] init: mysql main process (9340) terminated with status 1 [ 6881.323316] init: mysql respawning too fast, stopped Any help will be appreciated as this is a productive server which renders useless without mysql.

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• How to make the cursor shape dependent on the current Vim mode using iTerm2 on OS X and zsh

  - by i0n

  I am using zsh and iTerm2 to edit with Vim. I really love the integration and portability, and because of that I have chosen not to use MacVim. But.... I can't work out how to get my cursor to change from a block to a line when in Vim's insert mode. I've been lead to believe that it's not possible by standard means, but people seem to think that it is possible using zsh. I've done as much Google searching as I can take without an answer, any help or advice would be greatly appreciated.

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• Is it possible to extend a 504 timeout in nginx on a per location basis

  - by codecowboy

  Is it possible to set timeout directives within a location block to prevent nginx returning a 504 from a long running PHP script (PHP-FPM? location /myurlsegment/ { client_body_timeout 1000000; send_timeout 1000000; fastcgi_read_timeout 1000000; } This has no effect when making a request to example.com/myurlsegment. The timeout occurs after approximately 60 seconds. PHP is configured to allow the script to run until completion (set_time_limit(0)) I don't want to set a global timeout for all scripts.

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• Lighttpd referer issue

  - by Chris

  I have a problem to block files from accessing from different domains as my one. I have added to my lighty config in the "virual host" following: $HTTP["referer"] !~ "^($|http://www\.my-site\.net)" { url.access-deny = ( "" ) } but anyway the site www.example.com can access http://player.my-site.net/player.swf, also it can be accessed directly without a referrer. any idea? //EDIT here is my old apache .htaccess with a rewrite rule thats works perfect, but i dont know how to convert it for lighty: RewriteEngine on RewriteBase / RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://my-site\.net/ [NC] RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://www\.my-site\.net/ [NC] RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://player\.my-site\.net/ [NC] RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http://stream\.my-site\.net/ [NC] RewriteRule .* - [L,R=404]

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• Windows Server 2008 constantly spamming external IP's on outbound TCP port 445

  - by RSXAdmin

  Hi Server Fault, I have a Windows Server 2008 box running as a Domain Controller. I have noticed in my Cisco ASA firewall logs that this box is continuously sending out (like a thousand requests a second) requests on TCP port 445 to external hosts. I have made an effort to deny this outbound traffic from getting on the internet (using the ASA), however I would like these requests to stop from even occurring at all. I have tried disabling TCP/IP over NetBIOS. I have even turned on Windows Advanced Firewall on the box itself to block outbound 445 but the ASA still detects this particular traffic hitting it. I have other DC's and similar type boxes which are not behaving the same way as this box. Is this normal? Is there a way to stop this spamming? Have I been infected? Thank you universe.

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• How to force or redirect to SSL in nginx?

  - by Callmeed

  I have a signup page on a subdomain like: https://signup.mysite.com It should only be accessible via HTTPS but I'm worried people might somehow stumble upon it via HTTP and get a 404. My html/server block in nginx looks like this: html { server { listen 443; server_name signup.mysite.com; ssl on; ssl_certificate /path/to/my/cert; ssl_certificate_key /path/to/my/key; ssl_session_timeout 30m; location / { root /path/to/my/rails/app/public; index index.html; passenger_enabled on; } } } What can I add so that people who go to http://signup.mysite.com get redirected to https://signup.mysite.com ? (FYI I know there are Rails plugins that can force SSL but was hoping to avoid that)

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• Exchange Server 2003 Drive Error

  - by Saif Khan

  My exchange box went offline this AM. The logs show The device, \Device\Harddisk1, has a bad block. I tried running chkdsk D: /x /r but that didn't help either. I went to the Exchange Manager and tried to move the .stm file from D: to C: but got Exchange System Manager The database files in this store are corrupted. ID no: c104173b Exchange System Manager What else is there to try just to get this online for a few hours until I can get onsite to change the drive. This is a Windows Server 2003 server.

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• Preventing my postfix to send my local users spam

  - by Jack

  I have a postfix/dovecot mail server with 100 different users. When they send an email they need to be authenticated. I successfully use saslauth to achieve this. Few days ago I had a problem. One specific user, probably with a virus or a spam-bot installed in its computer, started to send out through my server thousands of emails in few hours. As result, my ip has been blocked by many isp provider (@aol, @yahoo, and others) and has been listed in many blacklist, making all my 100 users unable to send any email to anyone. What is the best practice to avoid this problem? It would be great if my server could recognize a spamming user and automatically block it. Also, have a limit of, say, 30 emails per hour could be a partial solution. Any idea how to face this problem? Thank you

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• Is there a way to define a rule on a bridge that will return reply for ARP request

  - by user1495181

  client (IP = 1.1.1.1) - bridge (brctl) - server (IP = 2.2.2.2) (all machine are Ubuntu). The client block arp request. (there are multiple clients ) I need to define a rule on the bridge machine that will return the client MAC when it get ARP request for IP 1.1.1.1. I see that in ebtables there is an arpreply option , but i didnt manage to find an example to define the arpreply by given arp request ip. ebtables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p arp -j arpreply --arpreply-mac 00:09:5B:91:56:08 Can you please adcive

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• How to stop domain users from installing any software?

  - by Chris

  Hi everyone, I was wondering which policies, etc I could setup to stop any installations from occurring in a server 2003 domain environment? I have 2003 RC2 and XP Pro clients. I guess the quick easy way is to make everyone guests, but this also blocks them from other things that they might need to do/access. I've seen a lot of ideas but they do not fully block everything. I know there probably isn't a fix all but would like to get as close as possible. Thank you all,

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• Process vsserv.exe attempts connection to unknown host (clients.your-server.de)

  - by pushpraj

  from past few day I notice a new connection is being made from my system, I discovered it within the outpost firewall, it is blocked by default with the reason Block Transit Packets in the image above you can see that the process vsserv.exe is attempting a connection to static.88-198-155-41.clients.your-server.de I tried to search on google but could not find any relevant info, however this link http://www.webmasterworld.com/search_engine_spiders/3963600.htm says that your-server.de hosts bad bots. I am bit concerned if something is not correct. Could you help me understand the same?

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• routing weirdness - traceroute 'vanishes' en route

  - by The Journeyman geek

  I'm attempting to set up one of my boxes as a server (again), but i'm having some odd connection issues- the box itself connects fine to the internet, but trying to connect to my external ip address seems to result in the trace getting 'lost' partway. http://pastebin.com/HCQAGbvn - this is a traceroute from another system that's connected to another ISP - starhub is my own one, while i have another system that i have access to on singtel. I'm wondering if my ISP is messing around with routing, or is something very odd going on. As you note, the traceroute dosen't reach me, but if it helps, i use a dd-wrt router. edit: Facepalmishly, turning the firewall on my router on and off fixed it. I don't get why it dropped off at different ip addresses each time, or why the router set it self to block.. everything, or why it affected the ipv6 tunnel as well.

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• Binding services to localhost and using SSH tunnels - can requests be forged?

  - by Martin

  Given a typical webserver, with Apache2, common PHP scripts and a DNS server, would it be sufficient from a security perspective to bind administration interfaces like phpmyadmin to localhost and access it via SSH tunnels? Or could somebody, who knew eg. that phpmyadmin (or any other commonly availible script) is listening at a certain port on localhost easily forge requests that would be executed if no other authentication was present? In other words: could somebody from somewhere in the internet easily forge a request, so that the webserver would accept it, thinking it originated from 127.0.0.1 if the server is listening on 127.0.0.1 only? If there were a risk, could it be somehow dealt with on a lower level than the application, eg. by using iptables? The idea being, that if someone found a weakness in a php script or apache, the network would still block this request because it did not arrive via a SSH-tunnel?

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• Error while mounting home directory on different logical volume

  - by RCola

  I created RAID 5 form 3 hard drives. Formatted as ext4 this raid array. Created VG0 group and lv_home logical volume in LVM. Then I tried to mount default /home directory on lv_home, while trying to mount logical volume lv_home to folder containing user profiles /home, getting error: mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/mapper/VG0-lv_home next is seems to be symbolic link: # file -s /dev/VG0/lv_home /dev/VG0/lv_home: symbolic link to `../mapper/VG0-lv_home' then # file -s /dev/mapper/VG0-lv_home /dev/mapper/VG0-lv_home: data and lvm> pvs PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/md0 VG0 lvm2 a- 2.02g 68.00m lvm> lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Name /dev/VG0/lv_home VG Name VG0 LV UUID WzJus7-2yV8-yhog-Ju1b-TpWH-IIAI-LIutwe LV Write Access read/write LV Status available # open 0 LV Size 1.17 GiB Current LE 300 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 251:0

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• Home Directory Folders

  - by George

  I am looking for a way to acomplish the following: Currently users have home drives mapped via AD profile as follow: \\fileserver\users\username However if once a user was able to access \\fileserver\users and view everyones folder, but had no access to them. This is not ideal since we have people saving important stuff to on their drives. How can I restrict users permissions and views only to THEIR home drives? I also saw this solution, but not sure if it would apply to me: ================================================================================ Share level permissions - Everyone full permission and remove all others On the file/folder level set the following: Authenticated users special permissions on the root of the \\server\homeshare\ to Check the boxes next to the following: Traverse folder / execute file List Folder / read data Read attributes Read extended attributes / List item All other boxed leave unchecked and make sure you apply "This Folder Only" Domain Adminsfull rights and apply “this folder, subfolders, and files” This will block the users from accessing other user home directories. When you create the new user and set the home directory it will create the folder for you with the correct permissions.

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• How do you synchronise huge sparse files (VM disk images) between machines?

  - by chrisdew

  Is there a command, such as rsync, which can synchronise huge, sparse, files from one linux server to another? It is very important that the destination file remains sparse. It may be longer (but not bigger) than the drive which contains it. Only changed blocks should be sent across the wire. I have tried rsync, but got no joy. groups.google.com/group/mailing.unix.rsync/browse_thread/thread/94f39271980513d3 If I write a programme to do this, am I just reinventing the wheel? http://www.finalcog.com/synchronise-block-devices Thanks, Chris.

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• Is it normal for a SAS drive to have a few bad blocks, or should I replace my drive ASAP?

  - by Nate

  I have a drive—part of a RAID 1 mirror—that has two bad blocks. Adaptec Storage Manger e-mailed me when it detected the blocks. It shows 4 medium errors for that drive, but state is still “optimal”. This is my first time using Adaptec RAID controllers. I don’t know if an occasional bad block is normal, or if I should immediately replace that drive. Update: The drive failed later the same day! The disk subsystem is: Adaptec 6405 with ZMM (2) Seagate near-line SAS drives (ST31000424SS) The other drive hasn’t reported any bad blocks yet. I am running a consistency check.

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• Raid system fails to boot after moving from 2.6 kernel to 3.5

  - by user846226

  I'm running Gentoo Linux with a custom compiled kernel and I've just migrated from a 2.6 kernel to a 3.5. As my HD's are on RAID 0 mode I use a custom initrd file in order to be able to boot. While kernel 2.6 is able to boot without problems the new 3.5 compiled kernel fails to boot complaining about no block devices found. After taking a look at initrd.cpio contained scripts I can see the failure message is given by mdadm tool. Does anyone has a clue about that? Edit: this morning i noticed there was some kind of issue on my old initrd which works fine for 2.6 kernels, so created a new initrd which works fine and let me to boot into GNU/Gentoo Linux with same 3.5 bzImage. It could be an issue of mdadm, gonna check it. https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=416081

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• How to allow a single domain name with iptables

  - by Claw

  I am looking for a way to make iptables only accept requests for my domain name and reject the others. Lately I misconfigured my apache proxy, it is now fixed, but I keep receiving a load of requests looking like that : xxxx.xx:80 142.54.184.226 - - [12/Sep/2012:15:25:14 +0200] "GET http://ad.bharatstudent.com/st?ad_type=iframe&ad_size=700x300&section=3011105&pub_url=${PUB_URL} HTTP/1.0" 200 4985 "http://www.gethealthbank.com/category/medicine/" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.5; Windows NT 4.0)" xxxx.xx:80 199.116.113.149 - - [12/Sep/2012:15:25:14 +0200] "GET http://mobile1.login.vip.ird.yahoo.com/config/pwtoken_get?login=heaven_12_&src=ntverifyint&passwd=7698ca276acaf6070487899ad2ee2cb9&challenge=wTBYIo2AEdMFr6LtdyQZPqYw9FS9&md5=1 HTTP/1.0" 200 425 "-" "MobileRunner-J2ME" which I would like to block. How can I manage this ?

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• Prevent URLs from specific domains from being saved in Firefox history

  - by noam

  I want to prevent or block URLs of specific domains from being saved or shown in my history. I want to be able to go to these certain websites normally, just not have them saved and not have to use private or incognito mode. For instance, I don't want any of Google's search result pages to be saved in my history since then when I use the awesomebar I get a lot of Google's search results, which are of no use to me. Of course I can keep on deleting them, but I would like a way to specify that any URL starting with www.google.com shouldn't be saved.

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• NFS of NAS server blocks in cluster environment

  - by Zardoz

  In our department we have an Iomega NAS (px4-300d) connected to a Supermicro cluster with 5 nodes (12 cores per node). Each node mounts a share on that NAS by using NFS. Unfortunately after some time (several minutes) of permanent read/write operations (from all nodes) the NAS starts to block and a bit later freezes completely. We tried several options of the mount command, but nothing helped (async, intr, wsize, rsize). The NAS itself doesn't allow many options (better to say none). Do you have any recommendation how to integrate a NAS using NFS in a cluster environment?

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