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• should std::auto_ptr<>::operator = reset / deallocate its existing pointee ?

  - by afriza

  I read here about std::auto_ptr<::operator= Notice however that the left-hand side object is not automatically deallocated when it already points to some object. You can explicitly do this by calling member function reset before assigning it a new value. However, when I read the source code for header file C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\ce\include\memory template<class _Other> auto_ptr<_Ty>& operator=(auto_ptr<_Other>& _Right) _THROW0() { // assign compatible _Right (assume pointer) reset(_Right.release()); return (*this); } auto_ptr<_Ty>& operator=(auto_ptr<_Ty>& _Right) _THROW0() { // assign compatible _Right (assume pointer) reset(_Right.release()); return (*this); } auto_ptr<_Ty>& operator=(auto_ptr_ref<_Ty> _Right) _THROW0() { // assign compatible _Right._Ref (assume pointer) _Ty **_Pptr = (_Ty **)_Right._Ref; _Ty *_Ptr = *_Pptr; *_Pptr = 0; // release old reset(_Ptr); // set new return (*this); } What is the correct/standard behavior? How do other STL implementations behave?

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• Why an auto_ptr can "seal" a container

  - by icephere

  auto_ptr on wikipedia said that "an auto_ptr containing an STL container may be used to prevent further modification of the container.". It used the following example: auto_ptr<vector<ContainedType> > open_vec(new vector<ContainedType>); open_vec->push_back(5); open_vec->push_back(3); // Transfers control, but now the vector cannot be changed: auto_ptr<const vector<ContainedType> > closed_vec(open_vec); // closed_vec->push_back(8); // Can no longer modify If I uncomment the last line, g++ will report an error as t05.cpp:24: error: passing ‘const std::vector<int, std::allocator<int> >’ as ‘this’ argument of ‘void std::vector<_Tp, _Alloc>::push_back(const _Tp&) [with _Tp = int, _Alloc = std::allocator<int>]’ discards qualifiers I am curious why after transferring the ownership of this vector, it can no longer be modified? Thanks a lot!

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• Strange problem with vectors.

  - by Catalin Dumitru

  I have a really strange problem with stl vectors in which the wrong destructor is called for the right object when I call the erase method if that makes any sense. My code looks something like this: for(vector<Category>::iterator iter = this->children.begin(); iter != this->children.end(); iter++) { if((*iter).item == item) { this->children.erase(iter); return; } ------------------------- } It's just a simple function that finds the element in the vector which has some item to be searched, and removes said element from the vector. My problem is than when the erase function is called, and thus the object which the iterator is pointing at is being destroyed, the wrong destructor is being called. More specific the destructor of the last element in the vector is being called, and not of the actual object being removed. Thus the memory is being removed from the wrong object, which will still be an element in the vector, and the actual object which is removed from the vector, still has all of it's memory intact. The costructor of the object looks like this: Category::Category(const Category &from) { this->name = from.name; for(vector<Category>::const_iterator iter = from.children.begin(); iter != from.children.end(); iter++) this->children.push_back((*iter)); this->item = new QTreeWidgetItem; } And the destructor Category::~Category() { this->children.clear(); if(this->item != NULL) { QTreeWidgetItem* parent = this->item->parent(); if(parent != NULL) parent->removeChild(this->item); delete this->item; } }

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• function objects versus function pointers

  - by kumar_m_kiran

  Hi All, I have two questions related to function objects and function pointers, Question : 1 When I read the different uses sort algorithm of STL, I see that the third parameter can be a function objects, below is an example class State { public: //... int population() const; float aveTempF() const; //... }; struct PopLess : public std::binary_function<State,State,bool> { bool operator ()( const State &a, const State &b ) const { return popLess( a, b ); } }; sort( union, union+50, PopLess() ); Question : Now, How does the statement, sort(union, union+50,PopLess()) work? PopLess() must be resolved into something like PopLess tempObject.operator() which would be same as executing the operator () function on a temporary object. I see this as, passing the return value of overloaded operation i.e bool (as in my example) to sort algorithm. So then, How does sort function resolve the third parameter in this case? Question : 2 Question Do we derive any particular advantage of using function objects versus function pointer? If we use below function pointer will it derive any disavantage? inline bool popLess( const State &a, const State &b ) { return a.population() < b.population(); } std::sort( union, union+50, popLess ); // sort by population PS : Both the above references(including example) are from book "C++ Common Knowledge: Essential Intermediate Programming" by "Stephen C. Dewhurst". I was unable to decode the topic content, thus have posted for help. Thanks in advance for your help.

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• Crash generated during destruction of hash_map

  - by Alien01

  I am using hash_map in application as typedef hash_map<DWORD,CComPtr<IInterfaceXX>> MapDword2Interface; In main application I am using static instance of this map static MapDword2Interface m_mapDword2Interface; I have got one crash dump from one of the client machines which point to the crash in clearing this map I opened that crash dump and here is assembly during debugging > call std::list<std::pair<unsigned long const ,ATL::CComPtr<IInterfaceXX> >,std::allocator<std::pair<unsigned long const ,ATL::CComPtr<IInterfaceXX> > > >::clear > mov eax,dword ptr [CMainApp::m_mapDword2Interface+8 (49XXXXX)] Here is code where crash dump is pointing. Below code is from stl:list file void clear() { // erase all #if _HAS_ITERATOR_DEBUGGING this->_Orphan_ptr(*this, 0); #endif /* _HAS_ITERATOR_DEBUGGING */ _Nodeptr _Pnext; _Nodeptr _Pnode = _Nextnode(_Myhead); _Nextnode(_Myhead) = _Myhead; _Prevnode(_Myhead) = _Myhead; _Mysize = 0; for (; _Pnode != _Myhead; _Pnode = _Pnext) { // delete an element _Pnext = _Nextnode(_Pnode); this->_Alnod.destroy(_Pnode); this->_Alnod.deallocate(_Pnode, 1); } } Crash is pointing to the this->_Alnod.destroy(_Pnode); statement in above code. I am not able to guess it, what could be reason. Any ideas??? How can I make sure, even is there is something wrong with the map , it should not crash?

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• std::string insert method has ambiguous overloads?

  - by sdg

  Environment: VS2005 C++ using STLPort 5.1.4. Compiling the following code snippet: std::string copied = "asdf"; char ch = 's'; copied.insert(0,1,ch); I receive an error: Error 1 error C2668: 'stlpx_std::basic_string<_CharT,_Traits,_Alloc>::insert' : ambiguous call to overloaded function It appears that the problem is the insert method call on the string object. The two defined overloads are void insert ( iterator p, size_t n, char c ); string& insert ( size_t pos1, size_t n, char c ); But given that STLPort uses a simple char* as its iterator, the literal zero in the insert method in my code is ambiguous. So while I can easily overcome the problem by hinting such as copied.insert(size_t(0),1,ch); My question is: is this overloading and possible ambiguity intentional in the specification? Or more likely an unintended side-effect of the specific STLPort implementation? (Note that the Microsoft-supplied STL does not have this problem as it has a class for the iterator, instead of a naked pointer)

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• Quicksort / vector / partition issue

  - by xxx

  Hi, I have an issue with the following code : class quicksort { private: void _sort(double_it begin, double_it end) { if ( begin == end ) { return ; } double_it it = partition(begin, end, bind2nd(less<double>(), *begin)) ; iter_swap(begin, it-1); _sort(begin, it-1); _sort(it, end); } public: quicksort (){} void operator()(vector<double> & data) { double_it begin = data.begin(); double_it end = data.end() ; _sort(begin, end); } }; However, this won't work for too large a number of elements (it works with 10 000 elements, but not with 100 000). Example code : int main() { vector<double>v ; for(int i = n-1; i >= 0 ; --i) v.push_back(rand()); quicksort f; f(v); return 0; } Doesn't the STL partition function works for such sizes ? Or am I missing something ? Many thanks for your help.

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• List iterator not dereferencable?

  - by Roderick

  Hi All I get the error "list iterator not dereferencable" when using the following code: bool done = false; while (!_list_of_messages.empty() && !done) { // request the next message to create a frame // DEBUG ERROR WHEN NEXT LINE IS EXECUTED: Counted_message_reader reader = *(_list_of_messages.begin()); if (reader.has_more_data()) { _list_of_frames.push_back(new Dlp_data_frame(reader, _send_compressed_frames)); done = true; } else { _list_of_messages.pop_front(); } } (The line beginning with "Counted_message_reader..." is the one giving the problem) Note that the error doesn't always occur but seemingly at random times (usually when there's lots of buffered data). _list_of_messages is declared as follows: std::list<Counted_message_reader> _list_of_messages; In the surrounding code we could do pop_front, push_front and size, empty or end checks on _list_of_messages but no erase calls. I've studied the STL documentation and can't see any glaring problems. Is there something wrong with the above code or do I have a memory leak somewhere? Thanks! Appreciated!

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• Creating Binary Block from struct

  - by MOnsDaR

  I hope the title is describing the problem, i'll change it if anyone has a better idea. I'm storing information in a struct like this: struct AnyStruct { AnyStruct : testInt(20), testDouble(100.01), testBool1(true), testBool2(false), testBool3(true), testChar('x') {} int testInt; double testDouble; bool testBool1; bool testBool2; bool testBool3; char testChar; std::vector<char> getBinaryBlock() { //how to build that? } } The struct should be sent via network in a binary byte-buffer with the following structure: Bit 00- 31: testInt Bit 32- 61: testDouble most significant portion Bit 62- 93: testDouble least significant portion Bit 94: testBool1 Bit 95: testBool2 Bit 96: testBool3 Bit 97-104: testChar According to this definition the resulting std::vector should have a size of 13 bytes (char == byte) My question now is how I can form such a packet out of the different datatypes I've got. I've already read through a lot of pages and found datatypes like std::bitset or boost::dynamic_bitset, but neither seems to solve my problem. I think it is easy to see, that the above code is just an example, the original standard is far more complex and contains more different datatypes. Solving the above example should solve my problems with the complex structures too i think. One last point: The problem should be solved just by using standard, portable language-features of C++ like STL or Boost (

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• C++ iterator and const_iterator problem for own container class

  - by BaCh

  Hi there, I'm writing an own container class and have run into a problem I can't get my head around. Here's the bare-bone sample that shows the problem. It consists of a container class and two test classes: one test class using a std:vector which compiles nicely and the second test class which tries to use my own container class in exact the same way but fails miserably to compile. #include <vector> #include <algorithm> #include <iterator> using namespace std; template <typename T> class MyContainer { public: class iterator { public: typedef iterator self_type; inline iterator() { } }; class const_iterator { public: typedef const_iterator self_type; inline const_iterator() { } }; iterator begin() { return iterator(); } const_iterator begin() const { return const_iterator(); } }; // This one compiles ok, using std::vector class TestClassVector { public: void test() { vector<int>::const_iterator I=myc.begin(); } private: vector<int> myc; }; // this one fails to compile. Why? class TestClassMyContainer { public: void test(){ MyContainer<int>::const_iterator I=myc.begin(); } private: MyContainer<int> myc; }; int main(int argc, char ** argv) { return 0; } gcc tells me: test2.C: In member function ‘void TestClassMyContainer::test()’: test2.C:51: error: conversion from ‘MyContainer::iterator’ to non-scalar type ‘MyContainer::const_iterator’ requested I'm not sure where and why the compiler wants to convert an iterator to a const_iterator for my own class but not for the STL vector class. What am I doing wrong?

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• C++: Constructor/destructor unresolved when not inline?

  - by Anamon

  In a plugin-based C++ project, I have a TmpClass that is used to exchange data between the main application and the plugins. Therefore the respective TmpClass.h is included in the abstract plugin interface class that is included by the main application project, and implemented by each plugin. As the plugins work on STL vectors of TmpClass instances, there needs to be a default constructor and destructor for the TmpClass. I had declared these in TmpClass.h: class TmpClass { TmpClass(); ~TmpClass(); } and implemented them in TmpClass.cpp. TmpClass::~TmpClass() {} TmpClass::TmpClass() {} However, when compiling plugins this leads to the linker complaining about two unresolved externals - the default constructor and destructor of TmpClass as required by the std::vector<TmpClass> template instantiation - even though all other functions I declare in TmpClass.h and implement in TmpClass.cpp work. As soon as I remove the (empty) default constructor and destructor from the .cpp file and inline them into the class declaration in the .h file, the plugins compile and work. Why is it that the default constructor and destructor have to be inline for this code to compile? Why does it even maatter? (I'm using MSVC++8).

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• iterators to range of elements in a vector whose attributes have specific value

  - by user1801173

  I have a vector of objects and I want to return the range of elements whose attribute have a specific value. This is the structure: class A { public: std::vector<B*> vec_; pair<vector<B*>::iterator, vector<B*>::iterator> getElements(unsigned int attr_val); unsigned int name() { return name_; } private: unsigned int name_; }; class B { public: unsigned int attr() { return attr_; } A* source() { return source_; } B* dest() { return dest_; } private: A* source_; B* dest_; unsigned int attr_; }; The vector vec_; is already sorted by attr_ and dest_-name() (in that order). Now I want to return all elements, whose attr_ is equal to attr_val. What is the appropriate stl algorithm (or is there even a vector member function?) to implement getElements(unsigned int attr_val) ? Thanks for help.

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• Visual Studio 2010 compile error with std::string?

  - by AJG85

  So this is possibly the strangest thing I've seen recently and was curious how this could happen. The compiler gave me an error saying that std::string is undefined when used as a return type but not when used as a parameter in methods of a class! #pragma once #include <string> #include <vector> // forward declarations class CLocalReference; class CResultSetHandle; class MyClass { public: MyClass() {} ~MyClass {} void Retrieve(const CLocalReference& id, CResultSetHandle& rsh, std::string& item); // this is fine const std::string Retrieve(const CLocalReference& id, CResultSetHandle& rsh); // this fails with std::string is undefined?!?! }; Doing a Rebuild All it still happened I had to choose clean solution and then Rebuild All again after for the universe to realign. While it's resolved for the moment I'd still like to know what could have caused this because I'm at a loss as to why when there should be no conflicts especially when I always use fully qualified names for STL.

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• Is it possible to create ostream object, which outputs to multiple destinations?

  - by fiktor

  In 0-th approximation I have a class class MyClass{ public: ... std::ostream & getOStream(){return f;} private: ofstream f; ... }; Which is used sometimes in the following way: MyClass myclass; myclass.getOStream()<<some<<information<<printed<<here; But now I want to change the class MyClass, so that information will be printed both to f and to std::out, i.e. I want the above line to be equivalent to myclass.f<<some<<information<<printed<<here; std::cout<<some<<information<<printed<<here; I don't know any good way to do that. Do you? Is there any standard solution (for example in stl or in boost)? P.S. I tried to search on this, but it seems that I don't know good keywords. Words multiple, output, ostream, C++, boost seem to be too general.

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• Pointers into elements in a container

  - by Pillsy

  Say I have an object: struct Foo { int bar_; Foo(int bar) bar_(bar) {} }; and I have an STL container that contains Foos, perhaps a vector, and I take // Elsewhere... vector<Foo> vec; vec.push_back(Foo(4)); int *p = &(vec[0].bar_) This is a terrible idea, right? The reason is that vector is going to be storing its elements in a dynamically allocated array somewhere, and eventually, if you add enough elements, it will have to allocate another array, copy over all the elements of the original array, and delete the old array. After that happens, p points to garbage. This is why many operations on a vector will invalidate iterators. It seems like it would be reasonable to assume that an operation that would invalidate iterators from a container will also invalidate pointers to data members of container elements, and that if an operation doesn't invalidate iterators, those pointers will still be safe. However, many reasonable assumptions are false. Is this one of them?

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• convert ArrayList.toString() back to ArrayList in one call

  - by dotnetnewbie

  I have a toString() representation of an ArrayList. Copying the toString() value to clipboard, I want to copy it back into my IDE editor, and create the ArrayList instance in one line. In fact, what I'm really doing is this: my ArrayList.toString() has data I need to setup a unit test. I want to copy this ArrayList.toString() into my editor to build a test against this edge case I don't want to parse anything by hand My input looks like this: [15.82, 15.870000000000001, 15.92, 16.32, 16.32, 16.32, 16.32, 17.05, 17.05, 17.05, 17.05, 18.29, 18.29, 19.16] The following do not work: Arrays.asList() google collections Lists.newArrayList() Suggestions?

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• 'Set = new HashSet' or 'HashSet = new Hashset'?

  - by Pureferret

  I'm intialising a HashSet like so in my program: Set<String> namesFilter = new HashSet<String>(); Is this functionally any different if I initilise like so? HashSet<String> namesFilter = new HashSet<String>(); I've read this about the collections interface, and I understand interfaces (well, except their use here). I've read this excerpt from Effective Java, and I've read this SO question, but I feel none the wiser. Is there a best practice in Java, and if so, why? My intuition is that it makes casting to a different type of Set easier in my first example. But then again, you'd only be casting to something that was a collection, and you could convert it by re-constructing it.

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• .net dictionary and lookup add / update

  - by freddy smith

  I am sick of doing blocks of code like this for various bits of code I have: if (dict.ContainsKey[key]) { dict[key] = value; } else { dict.Add(key,value); } and for lookups (i.e. key - list of value) if (lookup.ContainsKey[key]) { lookup[key].Add(value); } else { lookup.Add(new List<valuetype>); lookup[key].Add(value); } Is there another collections lib or extension method I should use to do this in one line of code no matter what the key and value types are? e.g. dict.AddOrUpdate(key,value) lookup.AddOrUpdate(key,value)

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• C# - Accesing to items for a collection inherited from List<string>

  - by Salvador

  I am trying to implement a new class inherited from List<string>, to load the contents from a text file to the items. using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; using System.Linq; public class ListExt: List<string> { string baseDirectory; public LoadFromFile(string FileName) { this._items = File.ReadAllLines(FileName).ToList();//does not work because _list is private } } but i dont knew how to load the lines into the _items property because is private. any suggestions?

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• What is a custom collection?

  - by Win Coder

  A Group of objects. However i am having confusion in the following case. A sample class Class A { public string; } Class A_list { public A[] list; public A_list(A[] _list) { list = new A[_list.length]; for (int i = 0; i < _list.Length; i++) { list[i] = _list[i]; } } } static void Main(String[] args) { A[] names = new A[3] { new A("some"), new A("another"), new A("one"), }; A_list just_an_object = new A_list(names); } Which of the above is a custom collection the array or the object that holds array as a field or are both custom collections.

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• Iterables.find and Iterators.find - instead of throwing exception, get null

  - by mjlee

  I'm using google-collections and trying to find the first element that satisfies Predicate if not, return me 'null'. Unfortunately, Iterables.find and Iterators.find throws NoSuchElementException when no element is found. Now, I am forced to do Object found = null; if ( Iterators.any( newIterator(...) , my_predicate ) { found = Iterators.find( newIterator(...), my_predicate ) } I can surround by 'try/catch' and do the same thing but for my use-cases, I am going to encounter many cases where no-element is found. Is there a simpler way of doing this?

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• C# dictionary and lookup add / update

  - by freddy smith

  I am sick of doing blocks of code like this for various bits of code I have: if (dict.ContainsKey[key]) { dict[key] = value; } else { dict.Add(key,value); } and for lookups (i.e. key - list of value) if (lookup.ContainsKey[key]) { lookup[key].Add(value); } else { lookup.Add(new List); lookup[key].Add(value); } Is there another collections lib or extension method I should use to do this in one line of code no matter what the key and value types are? e.g. dict.AddOrUpdate(key,value) lookup.AddOrUpdate(key,value)

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• Shortcut for adding to List in a HashMap

  - by Damo

  I often have a need to take a list of objects and group them into a Map based on a value contained in the object. Eg. take a list of Users and group by Country. My code for this usually looks like: Map<String, List<User>> usersByCountry = new HashMap<String, List<User>>(); for(User user : listOfUsers) { if(usersByCountry.containsKey(user.getCountry())) { //Add to existing list usersByCountry.get(user.getCountry()).add(user); } else { //Create new list List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>(1); users.add(user); usersByCountry.put(user.getCountry(), users); } } However I can't help thinking that this is awkward and some guru has a better approach. The closest I can see so far is the MultiMap from Google Collections. Are there any standard approaches? Thanks!

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• How can I create a collection of references in C#

  - by Jonathan Kaufman

  Ok I am having a cross language hiccup. In C# with it's great collections like List and I have: a Map class with properties of: List<byte[]> Images; List<Tile> Tiles; a Tile Class of: byte[] ImageData; int X; int Y; Now I want to add an image to the Map class and have the ImageData property of the Tile Classes to "reference" it. I have discovered I can't just assign it Images[0]. You can't have a reference to an object of a List. My fix was to create a Dictionary. Is this the best way or can I somehow have a "pointer" to a collection of objects?

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• C# - implementing GetEnumerator() for a collection inherited from List<string>

  - by Vojtech

  Hi, I am trying to implement FilePathCollection. Its items would be simple file names (without a path - such as "image.jpg"). Once the collection is used via foreach cycle, it should return the full path created by concatenating with "baseDirectory". How can I do that? public class FilePathCollection : List<string> { string baseDirectory; public FileCollection(string baseDirectory) { this.baseDirectory = baseDirectory; } new public System.Collections.IEnumerator GetEnumerator() { foreach (string value in this._list) //this does not work because _list is private yield return baseDirectory + value; } } Thanks in advance! :-)

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