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• Precising definition of programming paradigm

  - by Kazark

  Wikipedia defines programming paradigm thus: a fundamental style of computer programming which is echoed in the descriptive text of the paradigms tag on this site. I find this a disappointing definition. Anyone who knows the words programming and paradigm could do about that well without knowing anything else about it. There are many styles of computer programming at many level of abstraction; within any given programming paradigm, multiple styles are possible. For example, Bob Martin says in Clean Code (13), Consider this book a description of the Object Mentor School of Clean Code. The techniques and teachings within are the way that we practice our art. We are willing to claim that if you follow these teachings, you will enjoy the benefits that we have enjoyed, and you will learn to write code that is clean and professional. But don't make the mistake of thinking that we are somehow "right" in any absolute sense. Thus Bob Martin is not claiming to have the correct style of Object-Oriented programming, even though he, if anyone, might have some claim to doing so. But even within his school of programming, we might have different styles of formatting the code (K&R, etc). There are many styles of programming at many levels. Sp how can we define programming paradigm rigorously, to distinguish it from other categories of programming styles? Fundamental is somewhat helpful, but not specific. How can we define the phrase in a way that will communicate more than the separate meanings of each of the two words—in other words, how can we define it in a way that will provide additional meaning for someone who speaks English but isn't familiar with a variety of paradigms?

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• What are the safety benefits of a type system?

  - by vandros526

  In Javascript: The Good Parts by Douglas Crockford, he mentions in his inheritance chapter, "The other benefit of classical inheritance is that it includes the specification of a system of types. This mostly frees the programmer from having to write explicit casting operations, which is a very good thing because when casting, the safety benefits of a type system are lost." So first of all, what actually is safety? protection against data corruption, or hackers, or system malfunctions, etc? What are the safety benefits of a type system? What makes a type system different that allows it to provide these safety benefits?

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• Most appropriate OSS license for infrastructure code

  - by Richard Szalay

  I'm looking into potentially releasing some infrastructure code (related to automated builds and deployments) as OSS and I'm curious about how the various OSS licenses effect it. Specifically, LGPL prevents the code itself (part/whole) being modified into a commercial product (which is what I'm after), but allows it to be "linked to" in the creation of commercial products (also ok). How does the "linked to" clause relate to infrastructure code, which is not deployed with the product itself? Would the application still be required to provide "appropriate legal notices" (which I'm not fussed over)? Would I be better off looking at the Eclipse Public License?

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• Where to find a mentor?

  - by Fanatic23

  I have been looking around for resources that discuss about mentors, including questions in the stackexchange network. I see that the general response has been to join open source projects and/or check out local user groups if there exists any. Are we sure that joining open source project can get me a mentor? It can grab eyeballs, yes, if the project is exciting enough but a mentor? I am not so sure. What do you guys think? Finally, I'd want my mentor to be in a specific domain as opposed to just being a coding wizard and that makes the search even more difficult. Suggestions?

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• Application Development: Python or Java (or PHP)

  - by luckysmack

  I'm looking to get into application development, such as Facebook or Android apps and games. I am doing this for fun and to learn. Once my skills are to par I would like to have some side income from the apps, but I'm not banking on living off that (just so you know where I'm coming from and know what my end goals are). Currently I know and am familiar with PHP and frameworks such as cakephp and yii. However, I have been wanting to learn another language to broaden my horizons and to become a better developer. So I have narrowed it down to 2 languages. Python, and Java (I can already hear people cringing at the difference in the languages I have chosen, but I have some reasons). Python: closer to PHP that Java. Cross platformability. Also great as a general scripting language and has many file system level benefits that PHP does not. Cleaner syntax, readability, blah blah and the list goed on. Python will work great for cross platform apps and can be run on many OS's and is supported by Facebook for app development. But there is no support on Android (for full fledged apps). Java: a much stronger typed language, very robust community and corporate backing. Knowing Java is also good for personal marketability for enterprises, if you're into that. The main benefit here is that Java can write apps natively for Android and the apps can be ported for web versions to play on Facebook. So while I have seen many developers prefer Java over the two, Java has this significant advantage, where I can market my apps in both markets and in the future build more potential income. But like I said it is for fun. While money isn't the goal, it would still be nice. PHP: I'm putting this here because I know it already, and I'm sure a case could be made for it. It obviously works great for Facebook but like Python does not do so well on android. While it's mostly the realm of 'application development' that appeals to me, I do find Android apps fairly interesting and something that has a ton of potential to. But then again Facebook has a ton more users and the apps can also potentially be more immersive (desktop vs. mobile). So this is why I'm kinda stuck on what route to choose. Python for Facebook and web apps, with likely faster development to production times, or Java which can be developed for any of the platforms to make apps. Side note: I'm not really trying to get into 3D development, mostly 2D. And I also want to make an app with real-time play (websockets, etc). Someone mentioned node, js to me for that but Python seems to be more globally versatile for my goals. So, to anyone that does Facebook or Android development in either language: what do you suggest? Any input is valuable and I do appreciate it. And sorry for being long winded. EDIT: as mentioned in one of the answers, my primary goal is gaming. Although I do have some plans for non gaming apps such as general web based and desktop based ones. But gaming is my main goal with the possibility of income. EDIT: Another consideration could be Jython. Writing Python code which is converted into Java bytecode. This would allow the ability to do Android apps using Python. I could be wrong though, I'm still looking into it. Update 1-26-11: I recently acquired a new job which required I learn .NET using C#. Im sure some of you are cringing already but I really like the whole system and how it all works together between desktop and web development. But, as I am still interested in Python very much, and after some research I have decided I will learn Python as well as the IronPython implementation for .NET. But (again: I know...) since .NET is mostly a Windows thing and not as cross-compatible as I like, I will be learning Mono which is a cross platform implementation of .NET where I can use what I learn at work using C# and what I want to learn, Python/IronPython. So while learning and writing C#/.NET @ work I will be learning Python - Mono - Iron Python for what I want to do personally. And the benefit of them all being very closely related will help me out a lot, I think. What do you guys think? I almost feel like that should be another question, but there's not much of a question. Either way, you guys gave very helpful input.

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• Why do people think SOAP is deprecated?

  - by user98q37479

  While browsing SO today I found this question here and it starts with this: Sure, you're gonna tell me that SOAP is depracated and all, well i'm forced to use it Found lots of statement like this one on SO up till now, this one just triggered me to ask this question. REST has its uses, SOAP has its uses, in some places they intersect as functionality but they are not replaceable to one another. So I wonder, why do people think SOAP is "deprecated"? Is it ignorance? Complexity of SOAP and WS-* specs? REST hype? What? If you think SOAP is deprecated please tell me why. I'm curious!

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• Quality Assurance activities

  - by MasloIed

  Having asked but deleted the question as it was a bit misunderstood. If Quality Control is the actual testing, what are the commonest true quality assurance activities? I have read that verification (reviews, inspections..) but it does not make much sense to me as it looks more like quality control as mentioned here: DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES ENTERPRISE PERFORMANCE LIFE CYCLE FRAMEWORK Practices guide Verification - “Are we building the product right?” Verification is a quality control technique that is used to evaluate the system or its components to determine whether or not the project’s products satisfy defined requirements. During verification, the project’s processes are reviewed and examined by members of the IV&V team with the goal of preventing omissions, spotting problems, and ensuring the product is being developed correctly. Some Verification activities may include items such as: • Verification of requirement against defined specifications • Verification of design against defined specifications • Verification of product code against defined standards • Verification of terms, conditions, payment, etc., against contracts

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• How to decide on a price for the project as a freelancer

  - by Shekhar_Pro

  I have seen similar question on this SE site but none comes close to a sure shot answer and many are rather subjective. So i am taking a website as an example to be more objective for you to decide its development price i should quote for the complete work.I would like to have specific figures. In past I have developed many projects for my classmates (Computer science and few .net) when i was in college and there i just arbitrarily quoted the price i will take depending on my mood and customer's ability to pay.. usually ranging from Rs.500 (about $10 USD) to Rs. 1500 (about $30 USD). I have also developed few websites but that was open-source and free. But this time impressed by my work i have got a client that wants to get a website developed similar to this: [ http://www.jeetle.in/ ]. So taking this website as an example tell me how much should i charge for complete work from designing to payment gateway implementation (Excluding the charge the payment gateway provider will take). Few information you might like to consider. I am the only developer on this project if that makes any difference. And i would be using ASP.Net and MSSQL Express for server side processing and jQuery on client. Time period for development offered is about 4 to 6 Weeks. Its like i know my work but not how much I'm worth

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• Should a Parent with Children have a DefaultChild, or should a Child have a Default property?

  - by Stijn

  Which of the following two models makes more sense? I'm leaning towards the first one because there can only be one default child. The examples are in C# but I think it can apply to other languages too. Here DefaultChild holds one of the items in Children. class Parent { int ID { get; set; } Child DefaultChild { get; set; } IEnumerable<Child> Children { get; set; } } class Child { int ID { get; set; } } Here one of the items in Children has Default set to true while the others have it set to false. class Parent { int ID { get; set; } IEnumerable<Child> Children { get; set; } } class Child { int ID { get; set; } bool Default { get; set; } } A concrete situation: a User in our system has one or more Customers attached. When logging in, if said User has a default Customer, they are immediately working under this Customer. If they don't, they have to select a Customer to work under. While logged in, they can switch between Customers.

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• Pirate Problem In Interview Question

  - by Hafiz

  Some one asked me this question in an interview, so I want to know that what can be technical or algorithmic or strategical solution can we provide? If I am a leader of Pirates who looted 100kg gold, now every pirate has 1 bullet in gun and every pirate wants to get each other's share. They are 5 in number including me. So what strategy I will use to get to kill others while being safe or is there way to decrease probability?

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• Optimistic work sharing on sparsely distributed systems

  - by Asti

  What would a system like BOINC look like if it were written today? At the time BOINC was written, databases were the primary choice for maintaining a shared state and concurrency among nodes. Since then, many approaches have been developed for tasking with optimistic concurrency (OT, partial synchronization primitives, shared iterators etc.) Is there an optimal paradigm for optimistically distributing units of work on sparsely distributing systems which communicate through message passing? Sorry if this is a bit vague. P.S. The concept of Tuple-spaces is great, but locking is inherent to its definition. Edit: I already have a federation system which works very well. I have a reactive OT system is implemented on top of it. I'm looking to extend it to get clients to do units of work.

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• On a queue, which end is the "head"?

  - by Aidan Cully

  I had always thought that the "head" of a queue as the next element to be read, and never really questioned that usage. So a linked-list library I wrote, which is used for maintaining queues, codified that terminology: we have a list1_head macro that retrieves the first element; when using this library in a queue, this will be the first element to be removed. But a new developer on the team was used to having queues implemented the other way around. He described a queue as behaving like a dog: you insert at the head, and remove at the tail. This is a clever enough description that I feel like his usage must be more widespread, and I don't have a similarly evocative description of my preferred usage. So, I guess, there are two related questions: 1, what does the "head" of a queue mean to you? and 2, why do we use the word "head" to describe that concept?

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• How to deal with social login

  - by Matteo Pagliazzi

  In my new web app I'm going to allow social login through Twitter (maybe), Facebook and Google and I'm in search of the best way to do it. Actually I'm using Rails with Devise + Omniauth and this is the problem: Should I ask the user to choose a password so that he can login without a social network? Or maybe the user should be able to set a password if he want (for example when editing his account?) The second way seems the best one but since Twitter doesn't provide user email and google doesn't provide an username I'll probably have to ask the user for username/email when he log in so in that case I may also ask for the password... waht do you think?

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• What are the IEEE and ACM good for?

  - by Joshua Fox

  Membership in the IEEE and ACM is sometimes portrayed as a sign of professionalism. But all that is involved, as far as I can tell, is sending them your money. In return, besides the potential resume line, these organizations sponsor conferences and journals. I can always attend a conference or subscribe to or submit a paper to a journal, whether I am a member or not. If being a member makes some of that cheaper, or is a prerequisite for admission then OK, but I still don't see the purpose of these organizations. The answer, as far as I can gather, is that their most important value is to provide some reading material. I'd suggest that this is not worth the money given the wide availability of other valuable reading materials.

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• How do I correctly sub-license a library that is under the MIT license?

  - by Petah

  How do I correctly sub-license a library that is under the MIT license. I am using and extending the library. The MIT license states that I am free to sub-license the library. Can I simply state: <Software library> is copyright <original author> and licensed under the MIT license. <orignal license> Extensions to <Software library> are copyright <me> and licensed under the GPL license, or commercial license if applicable. <GPL, or commercial license>

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• MonoGame; reliable enough to be accepted on iOS, Win 8 and Android stores?

  - by Serguei Fedorov

  I love XNA; it simplifies rendering code to where I don't have to deal with it, it runs on C# and has very fairly large community and documentation. I would love to be able to use it for games across many platforms. However, I am a little bit concerned about how well it will be met by platform owners; Apple has very tight rules about code base but Android does not. Microsoft's new Windows 8 platforms seems to be pretty lenient but I am not sure oh how they would respond to an XNA project being pushed to the app store (given they suddenly decided to dump it and force developers to use C++/Direct3D). So the bottom line is; is it safe to invest time and energy into a project that runs on MonoGame? In the end, is is possible to see my game on multiple platforms and not be shot down with a useless product?

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• drda protocol specs

  - by Alon Rew

  When connecting to a server using the DRDA protocol, is it true that the first Client-To-Server command MUST be EXCSAT chained with ACCSEC? I found 2 different answers when I googled it. If you look at The Open Group web site (https://collaboration.opengroup.org/dbiop/) it can be understood that the answer is NO. However, if you look at the IBM website (http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/dzichelp/v2r2/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.ibm.ims11.doc.apr%2Fims_ddm_excsat.htm) you can understand the answer is YES. So which is it?

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• Looking for a Python UI library comparable with Windows Forms [on hold]

  - by Mitten

  I am looking for a Python UI library which I could use to develop a desktop GUI comparable to what can be done with .NET Windows Forms. I have no previous experience programming UI in Python, so I would rather choose (if there is a choice) something simple. The application I am building would be a document oriented - rich texts, lists and grids, I don't expect to use much graphics - mostly formatted texts. Any pointers, and if there is more than one major GUI library available for Python - how could I quickly test them to see which one is a better fit for my needs?

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• UML Diagrams of Multi-Threaded Applications

  - by PersonalNexus

  For single-threaded applications I like to use class diagrams to get an overview of the architecture of that application. This type of diagram, however, hasn’t been very helpful when trying to understand heavily multi-threaded/concurrent applications, for instance because different instances of a class "live" on different threads (meaning accessing an instance is save only from the one thread it lives on). Consequently, associations between classes don’t necessarily mean that I can call methods on those objects, but instead I have to make that call on the target object's thread. Most literature I have dug up on the topic such as Designing Concurrent, Distributed, and Real-Time Applications with UML by Hassan Gomaa had some nice ideas, such as drawing thread boundaries into object diagrams, but overall seemed a bit too academic and wordy to be really useful. I don’t want to use these diagrams as a high-level view of the problem domain, but rather as a detailed description of my classes/objects, their interactions and the limitations due to thread-boundaries I mentioned above. I would therefore like to know: What types of diagrams have you found to be most helpful in understanding multi-threaded applications? Are there any extensions to classic UML that take into account the peculiarities of multi-threaded applications, e.g. through annotations illustrating that some objects might live in a certain thread while others have no thread-affinity; some fields of an object may be read from any thread, but written to only from one; some methods are synchronous and return a result while others are asynchronous that get requests queued up and return results for instance via a callback on a different thread.

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• Quantifying the value of refactoring in commercial terms

  - by Myles McDonnell

  Here is the classic scenario; Dev team build a prototype. Business mgmt like it and put it into production. Dev team now have to continue to deliver new features whilst at the same time pay the technical debt accrued when the code base was a prototype. My question is this (forgive me, it's rather open ended); how can the value of the refactoring work be quantified in commercial terms? As developers we can clearly understand and communicate the value in technical terms, such a the removal of code duplication, the simplification of an object model and so on. But this means little to an executive focussed on the commercial elements. What will mean something to this executive is the dev. team being able to deliver requirements at faster velocity. Just making this statement without any metrics that clearly quantify return on investment (increased velocity in return for resource allocated to refactoring) carries little weight. I'm interested to hear from anyone who has had experience, positive or negative, in relation to the above. ----------------- EDIT ---------------- Thanks for the responses so far, all of which I think are good. What I want to develop is a metric that proves (or disproves!) all of these statements. A report that ties velocity to refactoring and shows a positive effect.

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• Evaluating Scrum - is it okay to have people with multiple roles in a Scrum team?

  - by Wayne M

  I'm evaluating some Agile-style methodologies for possible introduction to my team. With Scrum, is it allowable to have the same person perform multiple roles? We have a small team of four developers and a web designer; we don't really have a lead (I fulfill this role), QA testers or business analysts, and all of our development tasks come from the CIO. Automated testing is seen as a total waste of time, and everything focuses on speed and not quality. What will happen is the CIO will come up with a development task (whether a feature or a bug) and give it to a developer (not to the whole team, to an individual, often in private or out of the blue) who is then expected to get it completed. The CIO doesn't gather requirements beyond the initial idea (and this has bitten us before as we'll implement something only to find out that none of the end users can use the feature, because they weren't consulted or even informed about it before we developed it, and in a panic we'll be told to revert the change) but requires say in/approval of everything that we do. First things first, is a Scrum style something to consider to introduce some standards and practices? From reading, Scrum seems to rely on a bit more trust and communication and focuses more on project management than on development, which is something we are completely devoid of as we don't have any semblance of project management at present. Second, if it can work is it unreasonable for someone, let's say myself, to act as both ScrumMaster and a developer? Or for a developer to also be the Product Owner (although chances are this will be the CIO, who isn't a developer)? I realize the Scrum Master and the Product Owner should be different people but at the same time I don't think we have anyone who has the qualities of a Product Owner (chances are it would turn into a "I need all these stories, I don't care how but get it done" type of deal and/or any freeze would be unfrozen on a whim). It seems to me that I might need to pick and choose pieces of Scrum/XP/Lean to compensate for how things are done currently, as it's highly unlikely that the mentality can be changed; for instance Pair Programming would never fly (seen as a waste, you get half the tasks done if you need two people for everything), TDD would be a hard sell, but short cycles would be welcomed.

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• Web framework able to handle many concurrent users [closed]

  - by Jonas

  Social networking sites needs to handle many concurrent users e.g. for chat functionality. What web frameworks scales well and are able to handle more than 10.000 concurrent users connected with Comet or WebSockets. The server is a Linux VPS with limited memory, e.g. 1GB-8GB. I have been looking for some Java frameworks but they consume much memory per connection. So I'm looking for other alternatives too. Are there any good frameworks that are able to handle more than 10.000 concurrent users with limited memory resources?

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• Good library for search text tokenization

  - by Chris Dutrow

  Looking to tokenize some text in the same or similar way in which a search engine would do it. The reason we are doing this is so that we can run some statistical analysis on the tokens. The language we are using is python, so would prefer a library in that language, but could probably set something up to use another language if necessary. Example Original token: We have some great burritos! More simplified: (remove plurals and punctuation) We have some great burrito Even more simplified: (remove superfluous words) great burrito Best: (recognize positive and negative meaning): burrito -positive-

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• Best practice while marking a bug as resolved with Bugzilla (versioning of product and components)

  - by Vincent B.

  I am wondering what is the best way to handle the situation of marking a bug as resolved and providing a version of component/product in which this fix can be found. Context For a project I am working on, we are using Bugzilla for issue tracking, and we have the following: A product "A" with a version number like vA.B.C.D, This product "A" have the following components: Component "C1" with a version number like vA.B.C.D, Component "C2" with a version number like vA.B.C.D, Component "C3" with a version number like vA.B.C.D. Internally we keep track of which component versions have been used to generate the product A version vA.B.C.D. Example: Product "A" version v1.0.0.0 has been produced from component "C1" v1.0.0.3, component "C2" v1.3.0.0 and component "C3" v2.1.3.5. And Product "A" version v1.0.1.0 has been produced from component "C1" v1.0.0.4, component "C2" v1.3.0.0 and component "C3" v2.1.3.5. Each component is a SVN repository. The person in charge of generating the product "A" have only access to the different components tags folder in SVN, and not the trunk of each component repository. Problem Now the problem is the following, when a bug is found in the product "A", and that the bug is related to Component "C1", the version of product "A" is chosen (e.g. v1.0.0.0), and this version allow the developer to know which version of component "C1" has the bug (here it will be v1.0.0.3). A bug report is created. Now let's say that the developer responsible for component "C1" corrects the bug, then when the bug seems to be fixed and after some test and validation, the developer generates a new tag for component "C1", with the version v1.0.0.4. At this time, the developer of component "C1" needs to update the bug report, but what is the best to do: Mark the bug as resolved/fixed and add a comment saying "This bug has been fixed in the tags v1.0.0.4 of C1 component" ? Keep the bug as assigned, add a comment saying "This bug has been fixed in the tags v1.0.0.4 of C1 component, update this bug status to resolved for the next version of the product that will be generated with the newest version (v1.0.0.4 of C1)" ? Another possible way to deal with this problem. Right now the problem is that when a product component CX is fixed, it is not sure in which future version of the product A it will be included, so it is for me not possible to say in which version of the product it will be solved, but it is possible to say in which version of the Component CX it has been solved. So when do we need to mark a bug as solved, when the product A version include the fixed version of CX, or only when CX component has been fixed ? Thanks for your personal feedback and ideas about this !

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• When to skip solving the general problem and settling for the specific problem?

  - by Peter Smith

  I've been working hard on trying to develop a general solution to my problem, but I cannot seem to formulate a proper algorithm for it, at least one that doesn't take a ton of inaccurate grunt work building a lookup table. I have a solution already for the specific requirement, but it requires the software's configuration to be changed every time the software is loaded with a different geographic area's datasets. So is it better to be finished and move on for now, or to keep attempting to solve the general problem knowing that the specific problems will keep popping up?

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