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  • (PHP) Validation, Security and Speed - Does my app have these?

    - by Devner
    Hi all, I am currently working on a building community website in PHP. This contains forms that a user can fill right from registration to lot of other functionality. I am not an Object-oriented guy, so I am using functions most of the time to handle my application. I know I have to learn OOPS, but currently need to develop this website and get it running soon. Anyway, here's a sample of what I let my app. do: Consider a page (register.php) that has a form where a user has 3 fields to fill up, say: First Name, Last Name and Email. Upon submission of this form, I want to validate the form and show the corresponding errors to the users: <form id="form1" name="form1" method="post" action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>"> <label for="name">Name:</label> <input type="text" name="name" id="name" /><br /> <label for="lname">Last Name:</label> <input type="text" name="lname" id="lname" /><br /> <label for="email">Email:</label> <input type="text" name="email" id="email" /><br /> <input type="submit" name="submit" id="submit" value="Submit" /> </form> This form will POST the info to the same page. So here's the code that will process the POST'ed info: <?php require("functions.php"); if( isset($_POST['submit']) ) { $errors = fn_register(); if( count($errors) ) { //Show error messages } else { //Send welcome mail to the user or do database stuff... } } ?> <?php //functions.php page: function sql_quote( $value ) { if( get_magic_quotes_gpc() ) { $value = stripslashes( $value ); } else { $value = addslashes( $value ); } if( function_exists( "mysql_real_escape_string" ) ) { $value = mysql_real_escape_string( $value ); } return $value; } function clean($str) { $str = strip_tags($str, '<br>,<br />'); $str = trim($str); $str = sql_quote($str); return $str; } foreach ($_POST as &$value) { if (!is_array($value)) { $value = clean($value); } else { clean($value); } } foreach ($_GET as &$value) { if (!is_array($value)) { $value = clean($value); } else { clean($value); } } function validate_name( $fld, $min, $max, $rule, $label ) { if( $rule == 'required' ) { if ( trim($fld) == '' ) { $str = "$label: Cannot be left blank."; return $str; } } if ( isset($fld) && trim($fld) != '' ) { if ( isset($fld) && $fld != '' && !preg_match("/^[a-zA-Z\ ]+$/", $fld)) { $str = "$label: Invalid characters used! Only Lowercase, Uppercase alphabets and Spaces are allowed"; } else if ( strlen($fld) < $min or strlen($fld) > $max ) { $curr_char = strlen($fld); $str = "$label: Must be atleast $min character &amp; less than $max char. Entered characters: $curr_char"; } else { $str = 0; } } else { $str = 0; } return $str; } function validate_email( $fld, $min, $max, $rule, $label ) { if( $rule == 'required' ) { if ( trim($fld) == '' ) { $str = "$label: Cannot be left blank."; return $str; } } if ( isset($fld) && trim($fld) != '' ) { if ( !eregi('^[a-zA-Z0-9._-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9._-]+\.([a-zA-Z]{2,4})$', $fld) ) { $str = "$label: Invalid format. Please check."; } else if ( strlen($fld) < $min or strlen($fld) > $max ) { $curr_char = strlen($fld); $str = "$label: Must be atleast $min character &amp; less than $max char. Entered characters: $curr_char"; } else { $str = 0; } } else { $str = 0; } return $str; } function val_rules( $str, $val_type, $rule='required' ){ switch ($val_type) { case 'name': $val = validate_name( $str, 3, 20, $rule, 'First Name'); break; case 'lname': $val = validate_name( $str, 10, 20, $rule, 'Last Name'); break; case 'email': $val = validate_email( $str, 10, 60, $rule, 'Email'); break; } return $val; } function fn_register() { $errors = array(); $val_name = val_rules( $_POST['name'], 'name' ); $val_lname = val_rules( $_POST['lname'], 'lname', 'optional' ); $val_email = val_rules( $_POST['email'], 'email' ); if ( $val_name != '0' ) { $errors['name'] = $val_name; } if ( $val_lname != '0' ) { $errors['lname'] = $val_lname; } if ( $val_email != '0' ) { $errors['email'] = $val_email; } return $errors; } //END of functions.php page ?> OK, now it might look like there's a lot, but lemme break it down target wise: 1. I wanted the foreach ($_POST as &$value) and foreach ($_GET as &$value) loops to loop through the received info from the user submission and strip/remove all malicious input. I am calling a function called clean on the input first to achieve the objective as stated above. This function will process each of the input, whether individual field values or even arrays and allow only tags and remove everything else. The rest of it is obvious. Once this happens, the new/cleaned values will be processed by the fn_register() function and based on the values returned after the validation, we get the corresponding errors or NULL values (as applicable). So here's my questions: 1. This pretty much makes me feel secure as I am forcing the user to correct malicious data and won't process the final data unless the errors are corrected. Am I correct? Does the method that I follow guarantee the speed (as I am using lots of functions and their corresponding calls)? The fields of a form differ and the minimum number of fields I may have at any given point of time in any form may be 3 and can go upto as high as 100 (or even more, I am not sure as the website is still being developed). Will having 100's of fields and their validation in the above way, reduce the speed of application (say upto half a million users are accessing the website at the same time?). What can I do to improve the speed and reduce function calls (if possible)? 3, Can I do something to improve the current ways of validation? I am holding off object oriented approach and using FILTERS in PHP for the later. So please, I request you all to suggest me way to improve/tweak the current ways and suggest me if the script is vulnerable or safe enough to be used in a Live production environment. If not, what I can do to be able to use it live? Thank you all in advance.

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  • How to take first 4 time for each person.

    - by Gopal
    Using Access Database Table ID Time 001 100000 001 100005 001 103000 001 102500 001 110000 001 120000 001 113000 ..., From the above table, i want to take first four time Query like Select id, min(time) from table group by id I want to take first four min(time) for each person Expected Output ID Time 001 100000 001 100005 001 102500 001 103000 002 ..., How to make a query for this condition?

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  • C# method to scale values?

    - by John S
    Hello, I have a value range from 0 to 255. There is a method that returns an array with a min and max values within this range, i.e: 13, 15, 20, 27, 50 ... 240 where 13 is the min and 240 is the max I need to scale these values so that 13 becomes 0 and 240 becomes 255 and scale all the other values between them proportionally. Is there any C# method that does that? thanks!

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  • Why can't I put a jquery-ui progressbar inside a div with fixed position?

    - by Matthew
    I started the source from this progressbar example, and it works fine. My only change was to set the width of the progressbar to "20%". <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <link href="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1.8/themes/base/jquery-ui.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/> <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1.8/jquery-ui.min.js"></script> <script> $(document).ready(function() { $("#progressbar").progressbar({ value: 37 }).css({ width : "20%"}); }); </script> </head> <body style="font-size:62.5%;"> <div id="progressbar"></div> </body> </html> I then put the progressbar inside another div, and used css to fix that div in the upper-right-hand corner. <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <link href="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1.8/themes/base/jquery-ui.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/> <style type="text/css"> #testContainer { position : fixed; top : 6; right : 6; } </style> <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1.8/jquery-ui.min.js"></script> <script> $(document).ready(function() { $("#progressbar").progressbar({ value: 37 }).css({ width : "20%"}); }); </script> </head> <body style="font-size:62.5%;"> <div id="testContainer"> <div id="progressbar"></div> </div> </body> </html> The progressbar becomes a slim vertical line on the left side of the screen. What am I doing wrong? I'm new to web development in general, and jquery in particular, so please forgive me if this is a stupid question.

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  • What is a good way of Enhancing contrast of color images?

    - by erjik
    I split color image for 3 channels and made a contrast enhancement of each channel. Then merged them together, I like the image at the result, but it has different colors. Black objects became yellow and so on... EDIT: The algorithm I used is to calculate the 5th percentile and the 95th percentile as min and max values, and then expand the values of image so that it will have min and max values as 0 and 255. If there is a better approach please tell me.

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  • Is generating real random numbers this easy in C#?

    - by JL
    I found this code using Google. private int RandomNumber(int min, int max) { Random random = new Random(); return random.Next(min, max); } Is this really all there is to generating REAL random numbers in C#? I intend to generate on a small scale between values 1-10. Thanks

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  • weird performance in C++ (VC 2010)

    - by raicuandi
    Hello, I have this loop written in C++, that compiled with MSVC2010 takes a long time to run. (300ms) for (int i=0; i<h; i++) { for (int j=0; j<w; j++) { if (buf[i*w+j] > 0) { const int sy = max(0, i - hr); const int ey = min(h, i + hr + 1); const int sx = max(0, j - hr); const int ex = min(w, j + hr + 1); float val = 0; for (int k=sy; k < ey; k++) { for (int m=sx; m < ex; m++) { val += original[k*w + m] * ds[k - i + hr][m - j + hr]; } } heat_map[i*w + j] = val; } } } It seemed a bit strange to me, so I did some tests then changed a few bits to inline assembly: (specifically, the code that sums "val") for (int i=0; i<h; i++) { for (int j=0; j<w; j++) { if (buf[i*w+j] > 0) { const int sy = max(0, i - hr); const int ey = min(h, i + hr + 1); const int sx = max(0, j - hr); const int ex = min(w, j + hr + 1); __asm { fldz } for (int k=sy; k < ey; k++) { for (int m=sx; m < ex; m++) { float val = original[k*w + m] * ds[k - i + hr][m - j + hr]; __asm { fld val fadd } } } float val1; __asm { fstp val1 } heat_map[i*w + j] = val1; } } } Now it runs in half the time, 150ms. It does exactly the same thing, but why is it twice as quick? In both cases it was run in Release mode with optimizations on. Am I doing anything wrong in my original C++ code?

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  • in R, question about generate table

    - by alex
    a = matrix(1:25,5,5) B = capture.output(for (X in 1:5){ A = c(min(a[,X]),quantile(a[,X],0.25),median(a[,X]),quantile(a[,X],0.75),max(a[,X]),mean(a[,X]),sd(a[,X])/m^(1/2),var(a[,X])) cat(A,"\n") }) matrix(B,8,5) what i was trying to do is to generate a table which each column has those element in A and in that order. i try to use the matrix, but seems like it dont reli work here...can anyone help 1 2 3 4 5 min 1st quartile median SEM VAR THIS IS WHAT I WANT THE TABLE LOOKS LIKE ..

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  • Random generates same number in java

    - by user1613360
    This is my java code. import java.io.*; import java.util.*; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; class search { private int numelem; private int[] input=new int[100]; public void setNumofelem() { System.out.println("Enter the total numebr of elements"); Scanner yz=new Scanner(System.in); numelem=yz.nextInt(); } public void randomnumber() throws Exception { int max=500,min=1,n=numelem; Random rand = new Random(); for (int j=0;j < n;j++) { input[j]=rand.nextInt(max)+1; } } public void printinput() { int b=numelem,t=0; while(true) if(b!=0) { System.out.print(" "+input[t]); b--; t++; } else break; } } public class mycode { public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception { search a=new search(); a.setNumofelem(); a.randomnumber(); a.printinput(); } } Now the function randomnumber() just returns the same number.The function executes perfectly if I execute it as a separate java program but fails miserably if I call it using an object.I have also tried the following variations but nothing works everything return the same number. Variation 1: public void randomnumber() throws Exception { int max=500,min=1,n=numelem; Random rand = new Random(); for (int j=0;j < n;j++) { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); input[j]=rand.nextInt(max)+1; } } Variation 2: public void randomnumber() throws Exception { int max=500,min=1,n=numelem; Random rand = new Random(); for (int j=0;j < n;j++) { rand.setSeed(System.nanoTime()); input[j]=rand.nextInt(max)+1; } } Variation 3: public void randomnumber() throws Exception { int max=500,min=1,n=numelem; Random rand = new Random(); for (int j=0;j < n;j++) { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1); rand.setSeed(System.nanoTime()); input[j]=rand.nextInt(max)+1; } } Sample input/Output: Enter the number of elements: 5 23 23 23 23 23 23

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  • Stretching DIV to 100% height and width of window but not less than 800x600px

    - by El Eme
    I have a page that needs to stretch and resize with with window and I've managed to do that but I need that the "inner div" (#pgContent) stretch if the window is resized to higher dimensions but that it doesn't shrink more than, let's say for example 800 x 600 px. As I have it now it stretches well but it also shrinks more than I want! It's working as I want in width but not in height!? Here's a visual example: My CSS: * { margin: 0; padding: 0; outline: 0; } /*| PAGE LAYOUT |*/ html, body { height: 100%; width: 100%; /*text-align: center;*/ /*IE doesn't ~like this*/ cursor: default; } #pgWrapper { z-index: 1; min-height: 100%; height: auto !important; /*min-height: 600px;*/ /* THIS SHOULD WORK BUT IT DOESN'T */ height: 100%; min-width: 1000px; width: 100%; position: absolute; overflow: hidden; text-align: center; background: #000; } #pgContent { position: absolute; top: 30px; left: 30px; right: 30px; bottom: 50px; overflow: hidden; background: #CCC; } #footWrapper { z-index: 2; height: 50px; min-width: 940px; position: absolute; left: 30px; right: 30px; bottom: 0px; background: #C00; } /*| END PAGE LAYOUT |*/ And the HTML: <body> <div id="pgWrapper"> <div id="pgContent"> This DIV should stretch with window but never lower than for example 800px x 600px!<br /> If window size is lower then scrollbars should appear. </div> </div> <div id="footWrapper"> <div id="footLft"></div> <div id="footRgt"></div> </div> </body> If someone could give me a help on this I would appreciate. Thanks in advance.

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  • C# Random generation

    - by Betamoo
    I have just passed this article online: C# Corner and C# Corner and his article (a software developer with over 13 years of experience) recommended using System.Random as follows: private int RandomNumber(int min, int max) { Random random = new Random(); return random.Next(min, max); } Isn't that would give him the same number every time ?? Edit: So my question will become: How does Random choose its seed? a constant or current time value? Thanks

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  • Dynamic jQuery Validate error messages with AddMethod based on the element

    - by mcpDESIGNS
    Let's say I have a custom AddMethod to jQuery Validate like: $.validator.addMethod('min-length', function (val, element) { // do stuff // the error message here needs to be dynamic }, 'The field cannot be less than than ' + element.attr('data-min') + // it is within the closure, but it can't grab it ' length.'); I can't figure out a way to get the element variable in question, and get any values from it. What am I missing here?

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  • Change background color of JQuery slider

    - by DotnetDude
    I understand I can set the background color of the value from min to the current slider selection by doing a: #slider .ui-slider-range { background: #88ac0b; } How do I set the background color for the entire slider (not just from the min or max to the selected value)

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  • Minimum range of 3 sets

    - by user343882
    We have three sets S1, S2, S3. I need to find x,y,z such that x E S1 y E S2 z E S3 let min denote the minimum value out of x,y,z let max denote the maximum value out of x,y,z The range denoted by max-min should be the MINIMUM possible value

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  • Introduction to the ASP.NET Web API

    - by Stephen.Walther
    I am a huge fan of Ajax. If you want to create a great experience for the users of your website – regardless of whether you are building an ASP.NET MVC or an ASP.NET Web Forms site — then you need to use Ajax. Otherwise, you are just being cruel to your customers. We use Ajax extensively in several of the ASP.NET applications that my company, Superexpert.com, builds. We expose data from the server as JSON and use jQuery to retrieve and update that data from the browser. One challenge, when building an ASP.NET website, is deciding on which technology to use to expose JSON data from the server. For example, how do you expose a list of products from the server as JSON so you can retrieve the list of products with jQuery? You have a number of options (too many options) including ASMX Web services, WCF Web Services, ASHX Generic Handlers, WCF Data Services, and MVC controller actions. Fortunately, the world has just been simplified. With the release of ASP.NET 4 Beta, Microsoft has introduced a new technology for exposing JSON from the server named the ASP.NET Web API. You can use the ASP.NET Web API with both ASP.NET MVC and ASP.NET Web Forms applications. The goal of this blog post is to provide you with a brief overview of the features of the new ASP.NET Web API. You learn how to use the ASP.NET Web API to retrieve, insert, update, and delete database records with jQuery. We also discuss how you can perform form validation when using the Web API and use OData when using the Web API. Creating an ASP.NET Web API Controller The ASP.NET Web API exposes JSON data through a new type of controller called an API controller. You can add an API controller to an existing ASP.NET MVC 4 project through the standard Add Controller dialog box. Right-click your Controllers folder and select Add, Controller. In the dialog box, name your controller MovieController and select the Empty API controller template: A brand new API controller looks like this: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Controllers { public class MovieController : ApiController { } } An API controller, unlike a standard MVC controller, derives from the base ApiController class instead of the base Controller class. Using jQuery to Retrieve, Insert, Update, and Delete Data Let’s create an Ajaxified Movie Database application. We’ll retrieve, insert, update, and delete movies using jQuery with the MovieController which we just created. Our Movie model class looks like this: namespace MyWebAPIApp.Models { public class Movie { public int Id { get; set; } public string Title { get; set; } public string Director { get; set; } } } Our application will consist of a single HTML page named Movies.html. We’ll place all of our jQuery code in the Movies.html page. Getting a Single Record with the ASP.NET Web API To support retrieving a single movie from the server, we need to add a Get method to our API controller: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http; using MyWebAPIApp.Models; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Controllers { public class MovieController : ApiController { public Movie GetMovie(int id) { // Return movie by id if (id == 1) { return new Movie { Id = 1, Title = "Star Wars", Director = "Lucas" }; } // Otherwise, movie was not found throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound); } } } In the code above, the GetMovie() method accepts the Id of a movie. If the Id has the value 1 then the method returns the movie Star Wars. Otherwise, the method throws an exception and returns 404 Not Found HTTP status code. After building your project, you can invoke the MovieController.GetMovie() method by entering the following URL in your web browser address bar: http://localhost:[port]/api/movie/1 (You’ll need to enter the correct randomly generated port). In the URL api/movie/1, the first “api” segment indicates that this is a Web API route. The “movie” segment indicates that the MovieController should be invoked. You do not specify the name of the action. Instead, the HTTP method used to make the request – GET, POST, PUT, DELETE — is used to identify the action to invoke. The ASP.NET Web API uses different routing conventions than normal ASP.NET MVC controllers. When you make an HTTP GET request then any API controller method with a name that starts with “GET” is invoked. So, we could have called our API controller action GetPopcorn() instead of GetMovie() and it would still be invoked by the URL api/movie/1. The default route for the Web API is defined in the Global.asax file and it looks like this: routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "DefaultApi", routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}", defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional } ); We can invoke our GetMovie() controller action with the jQuery code in the following HTML page: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Get Movie</title> </head> <body> <div> Title: <span id="title"></span> </div> <div> Director: <span id="director"></span> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> getMovie(1, function (movie) { $("#title").html(movie.Title); $("#director").html(movie.Director); }); function getMovie(id, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: { id: id }, type: "GET", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 200: function (movie) { callback(movie); }, 404: function () { alert("Not Found!"); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> In the code above, the jQuery $.ajax() method is used to invoke the GetMovie() method. Notice that the Ajax call handles two HTTP response codes. When the GetMove() method successfully returns a movie, the method returns a 200 status code. In that case, the details of the movie are displayed in the HTML page. Otherwise, if the movie is not found, the GetMovie() method returns a 404 status code. In that case, the page simply displays an alert box indicating that the movie was not found (hopefully, you would implement something more graceful in an actual application). You can use your browser’s Developer Tools to see what is going on in the background when you open the HTML page (hit F12 in the most recent version of most browsers). For example, you can use the Network tab in Google Chrome to see the Ajax request which invokes the GetMovie() method: Getting a Set of Records with the ASP.NET Web API Let’s modify our Movie API controller so that it returns a collection of movies. The following Movie controller has a new ListMovies() method which returns a (hard-coded) collection of movies: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http; using MyWebAPIApp.Models; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Controllers { public class MovieController : ApiController { public IEnumerable<Movie> ListMovies() { return new List<Movie> { new Movie {Id=1, Title="Star Wars", Director="Lucas"}, new Movie {Id=1, Title="King Kong", Director="Jackson"}, new Movie {Id=1, Title="Memento", Director="Nolan"} }; } } } Because we named our action ListMovies(), the default Web API route will never match it. Therefore, we need to add the following custom route to our Global.asax file (at the top of the RegisterRoutes() method): routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "ActionApi", routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id}", defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional } ); This route enables us to invoke the ListMovies() method with the URL /api/movie/listmovies. Now that we have exposed our collection of movies from the server, we can retrieve and display the list of movies using jQuery in our HTML page: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>List Movies</title> </head> <body> <div id="movies"></div> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> listMovies(function (movies) { var strMovies=""; $.each(movies, function (index, movie) { strMovies += "<div>" + movie.Title + "</div>"; }); $("#movies").html(strMovies); }); function listMovies(callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie/ListMovies", data: {}, type: "GET", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", }).then(function(movies){ callback(movies); }); } </script> </body> </html>     Inserting a Record with the ASP.NET Web API Now let’s modify our Movie API controller so it supports creating new records: public HttpResponseMessage<Movie> PostMovie(Movie movieToCreate) { // Add movieToCreate to the database and update primary key movieToCreate.Id = 23; // Build a response that contains the location of the new movie var response = new HttpResponseMessage<Movie>(movieToCreate, HttpStatusCode.Created); var relativePath = "/api/movie/" + movieToCreate.Id; response.Headers.Location = new Uri(Request.RequestUri, relativePath); return response; } The PostMovie() method in the code above accepts a movieToCreate parameter. We don’t actually store the new movie anywhere. In real life, you will want to call a service method to store the new movie in a database. When you create a new resource, such as a new movie, you should return the location of the new resource. In the code above, the URL where the new movie can be retrieved is assigned to the Location header returned in the PostMovie() response. Because the name of our method starts with “Post”, we don’t need to create a custom route. The PostMovie() method can be invoked with the URL /Movie/PostMovie – just as long as the method is invoked within the context of a HTTP POST request. The following HTML page invokes the PostMovie() method. <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Create Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var movieToCreate = { title: "The Hobbit", director: "Jackson" }; createMovie(movieToCreate, function (newMovie) { alert("New movie created with an Id of " + newMovie.Id); }); function createMovie(movieToCreate, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify( movieToCreate ), type: "POST", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 201: function (newMovie) { callback(newMovie); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> This page creates a new movie (the Hobbit) by calling the createMovie() method. The page simply displays the Id of the new movie: The HTTP Post operation is performed with the following call to the jQuery $.ajax() method: $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify( movieToCreate ), type: "POST", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 201: function (newMovie) { callback(newMovie); } } }); Notice that the type of Ajax request is a POST request. This is required to match the PostMovie() method. Notice, furthermore, that the new movie is converted into JSON using JSON.stringify(). The JSON.stringify() method takes a JavaScript object and converts it into a JSON string. Finally, notice that success is represented with a 201 status code. The HttpStatusCode.Created value returned from the PostMovie() method returns a 201 status code. Updating a Record with the ASP.NET Web API Here’s how we can modify the Movie API controller to support updating an existing record. In this case, we need to create a PUT method to handle an HTTP PUT request: public void PutMovie(Movie movieToUpdate) { if (movieToUpdate.Id == 1) { // Update the movie in the database return; } // If you can't find the movie to update throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound); } Unlike our PostMovie() method, the PutMovie() method does not return a result. The action either updates the database or, if the movie cannot be found, returns an HTTP Status code of 404. The following HTML page illustrates how you can invoke the PutMovie() method: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Put Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var movieToUpdate = { id: 1, title: "The Hobbit", director: "Jackson" }; updateMovie(movieToUpdate, function () { alert("Movie updated!"); }); function updateMovie(movieToUpdate, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify(movieToUpdate), type: "PUT", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 200: function () { callback(); }, 404: function () { alert("Movie not found!"); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> Deleting a Record with the ASP.NET Web API Here’s the code for deleting a movie: public HttpResponseMessage DeleteMovie(int id) { // Delete the movie from the database // Return status code return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.NoContent); } This method simply deletes the movie (well, not really, but pretend that it does) and returns a No Content status code (204). The following page illustrates how you can invoke the DeleteMovie() action: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Delete Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> deleteMovie(1, function () { alert("Movie deleted!"); }); function deleteMovie(id, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify({id:id}), type: "DELETE", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 204: function () { callback(); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> Performing Validation How do you perform form validation when using the ASP.NET Web API? Because validation in ASP.NET MVC is driven by the Default Model Binder, and because the Web API uses the Default Model Binder, you get validation for free. Let’s modify our Movie class so it includes some of the standard validation attributes: using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Models { public class Movie { public int Id { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage="Title is required!")] [StringLength(5, ErrorMessage="Title cannot be more than 5 characters!")] public string Title { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage="Director is required!")] public string Director { get; set; } } } In the code above, the Required validation attribute is used to make both the Title and Director properties required. The StringLength attribute is used to require the length of the movie title to be no more than 5 characters. Now let’s modify our PostMovie() action to validate a movie before adding the movie to the database: public HttpResponseMessage PostMovie(Movie movieToCreate) { // Validate movie if (!ModelState.IsValid) { var errors = new JsonArray(); foreach (var prop in ModelState.Values) { if (prop.Errors.Any()) { errors.Add(prop.Errors.First().ErrorMessage); } } return new HttpResponseMessage<JsonValue>(errors, HttpStatusCode.BadRequest); } // Add movieToCreate to the database and update primary key movieToCreate.Id = 23; // Build a response that contains the location of the new movie var response = new HttpResponseMessage<Movie>(movieToCreate, HttpStatusCode.Created); var relativePath = "/api/movie/" + movieToCreate.Id; response.Headers.Location = new Uri(Request.RequestUri, relativePath); return response; } If ModelState.IsValid has the value false then the errors in model state are copied to a new JSON array. Each property – such as the Title and Director property — can have multiple errors. In the code above, only the first error message is copied over. The JSON array is returned with a Bad Request status code (400 status code). The following HTML page illustrates how you can invoke our modified PostMovie() action and display any error messages: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Create Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var movieToCreate = { title: "The Hobbit", director: "" }; createMovie(movieToCreate, function (newMovie) { alert("New movie created with an Id of " + newMovie.Id); }, function (errors) { var strErrors = ""; $.each(errors, function(index, err) { strErrors += "*" + err + "\n"; }); alert(strErrors); } ); function createMovie(movieToCreate, success, fail) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify(movieToCreate), type: "POST", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 201: function (newMovie) { success(newMovie); }, 400: function (xhr) { var errors = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText); fail(errors); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> The createMovie() function performs an Ajax request and handles either a 201 or a 400 status code from the response. If a 201 status code is returned then there were no validation errors and the new movie was created. If, on the other hand, a 400 status code is returned then there was a validation error. The validation errors are retrieved from the XmlHttpRequest responseText property. The error messages are displayed in an alert: (Please don’t use JavaScript alert dialogs to display validation errors, I just did it this way out of pure laziness) This validation code in our PostMovie() method is pretty generic. There is nothing specific about this code to the PostMovie() method. In the following video, Jon Galloway demonstrates how to create a global Validation filter which can be used with any API controller action: http://www.asp.net/web-api/overview/web-api-routing-and-actions/video-custom-validation His validation filter looks like this: using System.Json; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http.Controllers; using System.Web.Http.Filters; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Filters { public class ValidationActionFilter:ActionFilterAttribute { public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext actionContext) { var modelState = actionContext.ModelState; if (!modelState.IsValid) { dynamic errors = new JsonObject(); foreach (var key in modelState.Keys) { var state = modelState[key]; if (state.Errors.Any()) { errors[key] = state.Errors.First().ErrorMessage; } } actionContext.Response = new HttpResponseMessage<JsonValue>(errors, HttpStatusCode.BadRequest); } } } } And you can register the validation filter in the Application_Start() method in the Global.asax file like this: GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Filters.Add(new ValidationActionFilter()); After you register the Validation filter, validation error messages are returned from any API controller action method automatically when validation fails. You don’t need to add any special logic to any of your API controller actions to take advantage of the filter. Querying using OData The OData protocol is an open protocol created by Microsoft which enables you to perform queries over the web. The official website for OData is located here: http://odata.org For example, here are some of the query options which you can use with OData: · $orderby – Enables you to retrieve results in a certain order. · $top – Enables you to retrieve a certain number of results. · $skip – Enables you to skip over a certain number of results (use with $top for paging). · $filter – Enables you to filter the results returned. The ASP.NET Web API supports a subset of the OData protocol. You can use all of the query options listed above when interacting with an API controller. The only requirement is that the API controller action returns its data as IQueryable. For example, the following Movie controller has an action named GetMovies() which returns an IQueryable of movies: public IQueryable<Movie> GetMovies() { return new List<Movie> { new Movie {Id=1, Title="Star Wars", Director="Lucas"}, new Movie {Id=2, Title="King Kong", Director="Jackson"}, new Movie {Id=3, Title="Willow", Director="Lucas"}, new Movie {Id=4, Title="Shrek", Director="Smith"}, new Movie {Id=5, Title="Memento", Director="Nolan"} }.AsQueryable(); } If you enter the following URL in your browser: /api/movie?$top=2&$orderby=Title Then you will limit the movies returned to the top 2 in order of the movie Title. You will get the following results: By using the $top option in combination with the $skip option, you can enable client-side paging. For example, you can use $top and $skip to page through thousands of products, 10 products at a time. The $filter query option is very powerful. You can use this option to filter the results from a query. Here are some examples: Return every movie directed by Lucas: /api/movie?$filter=Director eq ‘Lucas’ Return every movie which has a title which starts with ‘S’: /api/movie?$filter=startswith(Title,’S') Return every movie which has an Id greater than 2: /api/movie?$filter=Id gt 2 The complete documentation for the $filter option is located here: http://www.odata.org/developers/protocols/uri-conventions#FilterSystemQueryOption Summary The goal of this blog entry was to provide you with an overview of the new ASP.NET Web API introduced with the Beta release of ASP.NET 4. In this post, I discussed how you can retrieve, insert, update, and delete data by using jQuery with the Web API. I also discussed how you can use the standard validation attributes with the Web API. You learned how to return validation error messages to the client and display the error messages using jQuery. Finally, we briefly discussed how the ASP.NET Web API supports the OData protocol. For example, you learned how to filter records returned from an API controller action by using the $filter query option. I’m excited about the new Web API. This is a feature which I expect to use with almost every ASP.NET application which I build in the future.

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  • Introduction to the ASP.NET Web API

    - by Stephen.Walther
    I am a huge fan of Ajax. If you want to create a great experience for the users of your website – regardless of whether you are building an ASP.NET MVC or an ASP.NET Web Forms site — then you need to use Ajax. Otherwise, you are just being cruel to your customers. We use Ajax extensively in several of the ASP.NET applications that my company, Superexpert.com, builds. We expose data from the server as JSON and use jQuery to retrieve and update that data from the browser. One challenge, when building an ASP.NET website, is deciding on which technology to use to expose JSON data from the server. For example, how do you expose a list of products from the server as JSON so you can retrieve the list of products with jQuery? You have a number of options (too many options) including ASMX Web services, WCF Web Services, ASHX Generic Handlers, WCF Data Services, and MVC controller actions. Fortunately, the world has just been simplified. With the release of ASP.NET 4 Beta, Microsoft has introduced a new technology for exposing JSON from the server named the ASP.NET Web API. You can use the ASP.NET Web API with both ASP.NET MVC and ASP.NET Web Forms applications. The goal of this blog post is to provide you with a brief overview of the features of the new ASP.NET Web API. You learn how to use the ASP.NET Web API to retrieve, insert, update, and delete database records with jQuery. We also discuss how you can perform form validation when using the Web API and use OData when using the Web API. Creating an ASP.NET Web API Controller The ASP.NET Web API exposes JSON data through a new type of controller called an API controller. You can add an API controller to an existing ASP.NET MVC 4 project through the standard Add Controller dialog box. Right-click your Controllers folder and select Add, Controller. In the dialog box, name your controller MovieController and select the Empty API controller template: A brand new API controller looks like this: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Controllers { public class MovieController : ApiController { } } An API controller, unlike a standard MVC controller, derives from the base ApiController class instead of the base Controller class. Using jQuery to Retrieve, Insert, Update, and Delete Data Let’s create an Ajaxified Movie Database application. We’ll retrieve, insert, update, and delete movies using jQuery with the MovieController which we just created. Our Movie model class looks like this: namespace MyWebAPIApp.Models { public class Movie { public int Id { get; set; } public string Title { get; set; } public string Director { get; set; } } } Our application will consist of a single HTML page named Movies.html. We’ll place all of our jQuery code in the Movies.html page. Getting a Single Record with the ASP.NET Web API To support retrieving a single movie from the server, we need to add a Get method to our API controller: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http; using MyWebAPIApp.Models; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Controllers { public class MovieController : ApiController { public Movie GetMovie(int id) { // Return movie by id if (id == 1) { return new Movie { Id = 1, Title = "Star Wars", Director = "Lucas" }; } // Otherwise, movie was not found throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound); } } } In the code above, the GetMovie() method accepts the Id of a movie. If the Id has the value 1 then the method returns the movie Star Wars. Otherwise, the method throws an exception and returns 404 Not Found HTTP status code. After building your project, you can invoke the MovieController.GetMovie() method by entering the following URL in your web browser address bar: http://localhost:[port]/api/movie/1 (You’ll need to enter the correct randomly generated port). In the URL api/movie/1, the first “api” segment indicates that this is a Web API route. The “movie” segment indicates that the MovieController should be invoked. You do not specify the name of the action. Instead, the HTTP method used to make the request – GET, POST, PUT, DELETE — is used to identify the action to invoke. The ASP.NET Web API uses different routing conventions than normal ASP.NET MVC controllers. When you make an HTTP GET request then any API controller method with a name that starts with “GET” is invoked. So, we could have called our API controller action GetPopcorn() instead of GetMovie() and it would still be invoked by the URL api/movie/1. The default route for the Web API is defined in the Global.asax file and it looks like this: routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "DefaultApi", routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}", defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional } ); We can invoke our GetMovie() controller action with the jQuery code in the following HTML page: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Get Movie</title> </head> <body> <div> Title: <span id="title"></span> </div> <div> Director: <span id="director"></span> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> getMovie(1, function (movie) { $("#title").html(movie.Title); $("#director").html(movie.Director); }); function getMovie(id, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: { id: id }, type: "GET", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 200: function (movie) { callback(movie); }, 404: function () { alert("Not Found!"); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> In the code above, the jQuery $.ajax() method is used to invoke the GetMovie() method. Notice that the Ajax call handles two HTTP response codes. When the GetMove() method successfully returns a movie, the method returns a 200 status code. In that case, the details of the movie are displayed in the HTML page. Otherwise, if the movie is not found, the GetMovie() method returns a 404 status code. In that case, the page simply displays an alert box indicating that the movie was not found (hopefully, you would implement something more graceful in an actual application). You can use your browser’s Developer Tools to see what is going on in the background when you open the HTML page (hit F12 in the most recent version of most browsers). For example, you can use the Network tab in Google Chrome to see the Ajax request which invokes the GetMovie() method: Getting a Set of Records with the ASP.NET Web API Let’s modify our Movie API controller so that it returns a collection of movies. The following Movie controller has a new ListMovies() method which returns a (hard-coded) collection of movies: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http; using MyWebAPIApp.Models; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Controllers { public class MovieController : ApiController { public IEnumerable<Movie> ListMovies() { return new List<Movie> { new Movie {Id=1, Title="Star Wars", Director="Lucas"}, new Movie {Id=1, Title="King Kong", Director="Jackson"}, new Movie {Id=1, Title="Memento", Director="Nolan"} }; } } } Because we named our action ListMovies(), the default Web API route will never match it. Therefore, we need to add the following custom route to our Global.asax file (at the top of the RegisterRoutes() method): routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "ActionApi", routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id}", defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional } ); This route enables us to invoke the ListMovies() method with the URL /api/movie/listmovies. Now that we have exposed our collection of movies from the server, we can retrieve and display the list of movies using jQuery in our HTML page: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>List Movies</title> </head> <body> <div id="movies"></div> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> listMovies(function (movies) { var strMovies=""; $.each(movies, function (index, movie) { strMovies += "<div>" + movie.Title + "</div>"; }); $("#movies").html(strMovies); }); function listMovies(callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie/ListMovies", data: {}, type: "GET", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", }).then(function(movies){ callback(movies); }); } </script> </body> </html>     Inserting a Record with the ASP.NET Web API Now let’s modify our Movie API controller so it supports creating new records: public HttpResponseMessage<Movie> PostMovie(Movie movieToCreate) { // Add movieToCreate to the database and update primary key movieToCreate.Id = 23; // Build a response that contains the location of the new movie var response = new HttpResponseMessage<Movie>(movieToCreate, HttpStatusCode.Created); var relativePath = "/api/movie/" + movieToCreate.Id; response.Headers.Location = new Uri(Request.RequestUri, relativePath); return response; } The PostMovie() method in the code above accepts a movieToCreate parameter. We don’t actually store the new movie anywhere. In real life, you will want to call a service method to store the new movie in a database. When you create a new resource, such as a new movie, you should return the location of the new resource. In the code above, the URL where the new movie can be retrieved is assigned to the Location header returned in the PostMovie() response. Because the name of our method starts with “Post”, we don’t need to create a custom route. The PostMovie() method can be invoked with the URL /Movie/PostMovie – just as long as the method is invoked within the context of a HTTP POST request. The following HTML page invokes the PostMovie() method. <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Create Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var movieToCreate = { title: "The Hobbit", director: "Jackson" }; createMovie(movieToCreate, function (newMovie) { alert("New movie created with an Id of " + newMovie.Id); }); function createMovie(movieToCreate, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify( movieToCreate ), type: "POST", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 201: function (newMovie) { callback(newMovie); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> This page creates a new movie (the Hobbit) by calling the createMovie() method. The page simply displays the Id of the new movie: The HTTP Post operation is performed with the following call to the jQuery $.ajax() method: $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify( movieToCreate ), type: "POST", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 201: function (newMovie) { callback(newMovie); } } }); Notice that the type of Ajax request is a POST request. This is required to match the PostMovie() method. Notice, furthermore, that the new movie is converted into JSON using JSON.stringify(). The JSON.stringify() method takes a JavaScript object and converts it into a JSON string. Finally, notice that success is represented with a 201 status code. The HttpStatusCode.Created value returned from the PostMovie() method returns a 201 status code. Updating a Record with the ASP.NET Web API Here’s how we can modify the Movie API controller to support updating an existing record. In this case, we need to create a PUT method to handle an HTTP PUT request: public void PutMovie(Movie movieToUpdate) { if (movieToUpdate.Id == 1) { // Update the movie in the database return; } // If you can't find the movie to update throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound); } Unlike our PostMovie() method, the PutMovie() method does not return a result. The action either updates the database or, if the movie cannot be found, returns an HTTP Status code of 404. The following HTML page illustrates how you can invoke the PutMovie() method: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Put Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var movieToUpdate = { id: 1, title: "The Hobbit", director: "Jackson" }; updateMovie(movieToUpdate, function () { alert("Movie updated!"); }); function updateMovie(movieToUpdate, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify(movieToUpdate), type: "PUT", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 200: function () { callback(); }, 404: function () { alert("Movie not found!"); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> Deleting a Record with the ASP.NET Web API Here’s the code for deleting a movie: public HttpResponseMessage DeleteMovie(int id) { // Delete the movie from the database // Return status code return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.NoContent); } This method simply deletes the movie (well, not really, but pretend that it does) and returns a No Content status code (204). The following page illustrates how you can invoke the DeleteMovie() action: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Delete Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> deleteMovie(1, function () { alert("Movie deleted!"); }); function deleteMovie(id, callback) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify({id:id}), type: "DELETE", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 204: function () { callback(); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> Performing Validation How do you perform form validation when using the ASP.NET Web API? Because validation in ASP.NET MVC is driven by the Default Model Binder, and because the Web API uses the Default Model Binder, you get validation for free. Let’s modify our Movie class so it includes some of the standard validation attributes: using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Models { public class Movie { public int Id { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage="Title is required!")] [StringLength(5, ErrorMessage="Title cannot be more than 5 characters!")] public string Title { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage="Director is required!")] public string Director { get; set; } } } In the code above, the Required validation attribute is used to make both the Title and Director properties required. The StringLength attribute is used to require the length of the movie title to be no more than 5 characters. Now let’s modify our PostMovie() action to validate a movie before adding the movie to the database: public HttpResponseMessage PostMovie(Movie movieToCreate) { // Validate movie if (!ModelState.IsValid) { var errors = new JsonArray(); foreach (var prop in ModelState.Values) { if (prop.Errors.Any()) { errors.Add(prop.Errors.First().ErrorMessage); } } return new HttpResponseMessage<JsonValue>(errors, HttpStatusCode.BadRequest); } // Add movieToCreate to the database and update primary key movieToCreate.Id = 23; // Build a response that contains the location of the new movie var response = new HttpResponseMessage<Movie>(movieToCreate, HttpStatusCode.Created); var relativePath = "/api/movie/" + movieToCreate.Id; response.Headers.Location = new Uri(Request.RequestUri, relativePath); return response; } If ModelState.IsValid has the value false then the errors in model state are copied to a new JSON array. Each property – such as the Title and Director property — can have multiple errors. In the code above, only the first error message is copied over. The JSON array is returned with a Bad Request status code (400 status code). The following HTML page illustrates how you can invoke our modified PostMovie() action and display any error messages: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>Create Movie</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery-1.6.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var movieToCreate = { title: "The Hobbit", director: "" }; createMovie(movieToCreate, function (newMovie) { alert("New movie created with an Id of " + newMovie.Id); }, function (errors) { var strErrors = ""; $.each(errors, function(index, err) { strErrors += "*" + err + "n"; }); alert(strErrors); } ); function createMovie(movieToCreate, success, fail) { $.ajax({ url: "/api/Movie", data: JSON.stringify(movieToCreate), type: "POST", contentType: "application/json;charset=utf-8", statusCode: { 201: function (newMovie) { success(newMovie); }, 400: function (xhr) { var errors = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText); fail(errors); } } }); } </script> </body> </html> The createMovie() function performs an Ajax request and handles either a 201 or a 400 status code from the response. If a 201 status code is returned then there were no validation errors and the new movie was created. If, on the other hand, a 400 status code is returned then there was a validation error. The validation errors are retrieved from the XmlHttpRequest responseText property. The error messages are displayed in an alert: (Please don’t use JavaScript alert dialogs to display validation errors, I just did it this way out of pure laziness) This validation code in our PostMovie() method is pretty generic. There is nothing specific about this code to the PostMovie() method. In the following video, Jon Galloway demonstrates how to create a global Validation filter which can be used with any API controller action: http://www.asp.net/web-api/overview/web-api-routing-and-actions/video-custom-validation His validation filter looks like this: using System.Json; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Net.Http; using System.Web.Http.Controllers; using System.Web.Http.Filters; namespace MyWebAPIApp.Filters { public class ValidationActionFilter:ActionFilterAttribute { public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext actionContext) { var modelState = actionContext.ModelState; if (!modelState.IsValid) { dynamic errors = new JsonObject(); foreach (var key in modelState.Keys) { var state = modelState[key]; if (state.Errors.Any()) { errors[key] = state.Errors.First().ErrorMessage; } } actionContext.Response = new HttpResponseMessage<JsonValue>(errors, HttpStatusCode.BadRequest); } } } } And you can register the validation filter in the Application_Start() method in the Global.asax file like this: GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Filters.Add(new ValidationActionFilter()); After you register the Validation filter, validation error messages are returned from any API controller action method automatically when validation fails. You don’t need to add any special logic to any of your API controller actions to take advantage of the filter. Querying using OData The OData protocol is an open protocol created by Microsoft which enables you to perform queries over the web. The official website for OData is located here: http://odata.org For example, here are some of the query options which you can use with OData: · $orderby – Enables you to retrieve results in a certain order. · $top – Enables you to retrieve a certain number of results. · $skip – Enables you to skip over a certain number of results (use with $top for paging). · $filter – Enables you to filter the results returned. The ASP.NET Web API supports a subset of the OData protocol. You can use all of the query options listed above when interacting with an API controller. The only requirement is that the API controller action returns its data as IQueryable. For example, the following Movie controller has an action named GetMovies() which returns an IQueryable of movies: public IQueryable<Movie> GetMovies() { return new List<Movie> { new Movie {Id=1, Title="Star Wars", Director="Lucas"}, new Movie {Id=2, Title="King Kong", Director="Jackson"}, new Movie {Id=3, Title="Willow", Director="Lucas"}, new Movie {Id=4, Title="Shrek", Director="Smith"}, new Movie {Id=5, Title="Memento", Director="Nolan"} }.AsQueryable(); } If you enter the following URL in your browser: /api/movie?$top=2&$orderby=Title Then you will limit the movies returned to the top 2 in order of the movie Title. You will get the following results: By using the $top option in combination with the $skip option, you can enable client-side paging. For example, you can use $top and $skip to page through thousands of products, 10 products at a time. The $filter query option is very powerful. You can use this option to filter the results from a query. Here are some examples: Return every movie directed by Lucas: /api/movie?$filter=Director eq ‘Lucas’ Return every movie which has a title which starts with ‘S’: /api/movie?$filter=startswith(Title,’S') Return every movie which has an Id greater than 2: /api/movie?$filter=Id gt 2 The complete documentation for the $filter option is located here: http://www.odata.org/developers/protocols/uri-conventions#FilterSystemQueryOption Summary The goal of this blog entry was to provide you with an overview of the new ASP.NET Web API introduced with the Beta release of ASP.NET 4. In this post, I discussed how you can retrieve, insert, update, and delete data by using jQuery with the Web API. I also discussed how you can use the standard validation attributes with the Web API. You learned how to return validation error messages to the client and display the error messages using jQuery. Finally, we briefly discussed how the ASP.NET Web API supports the OData protocol. For example, you learned how to filter records returned from an API controller action by using the $filter query option. I’m excited about the new Web API. This is a feature which I expect to use with almost every ASP.NET application which I build in the future.

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  • SQL Server and Hyper-V Dynamic Memory Part 3

    - by SQLOS Team
    In parts 1 and 2 of this series we looked at the basics of Hyper-V Dynamic Memory and SQL Server memory management. In this part Serdar looks at configuration guidelines for SQL Server memory management. Part 3: Configuration Guidelines for Hyper-V Dynamic Memory and SQL Server Now that we understand SQL Server Memory Management and Hyper-V Dynamic Memory basics, let’s take a look at general configuration guidelines in order to utilize benefits of Hyper-V Dynamic Memory in your SQL Server VMs. Requirements Host Operating System Requirements Hyper-V Dynamic Memory feature is introduced with Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1. Therefore in order to use Dynamic Memory for your virtual machines, you need to have Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 or Microsoft Hyper-V Server 2008 R2 SP1 in your Hyper-V host. Guest Operating System Requirements In addition to this Dynamic Memory is only supported in Standard, Web, Enterprise and Datacenter editions of windows running inside VMs. Make sure that your VM is running one of these editions. For additional requirements on each operating system see “Dynamic Memory Configuration Guidelines” here. SQL Server Requirements All versions of SQL Server support Hyper-V Dynamic Memory. However, only certain editions of SQL Server are aware of dynamically changing system memory. To have a truly dynamic environment for your SQL Server VMs make sure that you are running one of the SQL Server editions listed below: ·         SQL Server 2005 Enterprise ·         SQL Server 2008 Enterprise / Datacenter Editions ·         SQL Server 2008 R2 Enterprise / Datacenter Editions Configuration guidelines for other versions of SQL Server are covered below in the FAQ section. Guidelines for configuring Dynamic Memory Parameters Here is how to configure Dynamic Memory for your SQL VMs in a nutshell: Hyper-V Dynamic Memory Parameter Recommendation Startup RAM 1 GB + SQL Min Server Memory Maximum RAM > SQL Max Server Memory Memory Buffer % 5 Memory Weight Based on performance needs   Startup RAM In order to ensure that your SQL Server VMs can start correctly, ensure that Startup RAM is higher than configured SQL Min Server Memory for your VMs. Otherwise SQL Server service will need to do paging in order to start since it will not be able to see enough memory during startup. Also note that Startup Memory will always be reserved for your VMs. This will guarantee a certain level of performance for your SQL Servers, however setting this too high will limit the consolidation benefits you’ll get out of your virtualization environment. Maximum RAM This one is obvious. If you’ve configured SQL Max Server Memory for your SQL Server, make sure that Dynamic Memory Maximum RAM configuration is higher than this value. Otherwise your SQL Server will not grow to memory values higher than the value configured for Dynamic Memory. Memory Buffer % Memory buffer configuration is used to provision file cache to virtual machines in order to improve performance. Due to the fact that SQL Server is managing its own buffer pool, Memory Buffer setting should be configured to the lowest value possible, 5%. Configuring a higher memory buffer will prevent low resource notifications from Windows Memory Manager and it will prevent reclaiming memory from SQL Server VMs. Memory Weight Memory weight configuration defines the importance of memory to a VM. Configure higher values for the VMs that have higher performance requirements. VMs with higher memory weight will have more memory under high memory pressure conditions on your host. Questions and Answers Q1 – Which SQL Server memory model is best for Dynamic Memory? The best SQL Server model for Dynamic Memory is “Locked Page Memory Model”. This memory model ensures that SQL Server memory is never paged out and it’s also adaptive to dynamically changing memory in the system. This will be extremely useful when Dynamic Memory is attempting to remove memory from SQL Server VMs ensuring no SQL Server memory is paged out. You can find instructions on configuring “Locked Page Memory Model” for your SQL Servers here. Q2 – What about other SQL Server Editions, how should I configure Dynamic Memory for them? Other editions of SQL Server do not adapt to dynamically changing environments. They will determine how much memory they should allocate during startup and don’t change this value afterwards. Therefore make sure that you configure a higher startup memory for your VM because that will be all the memory that SQL Server utilize Tune Maximum Memory and Memory Buffer based on the other workloads running on the system. If there are no other workloads consider using Static Memory for these editions. Q3 – What if I have multiple SQL Server instances in a VM? Having multiple SQL Server instances in a VM is not a general recommendation for predictable performance, manageability and isolation. In order to achieve a predictable behavior make sure that you configure SQL Min Server Memory and SQL Max Server Memory for each instance in the VM. And make sure that: ·         Dynamic Memory Startup Memory is greater than the sum of SQL Min Server Memory values for the instances in the VM ·         Dynamic Memory Maximum Memory is greater than the sum of SQL Max Server Memory values for the instances in the VM Q4 – I’m using Large Page Memory Model for my SQL Server. Can I still use Dynamic Memory? The short answer is no. SQL Server does not dynamically change its memory size when configured with Large Page Memory Model. In virtualized environments Hyper-V provides large page support by default. Most of the time, Large Page Memory Model doesn’t bring any benefits to a SQL Server if it’s running in virtualized environments. Q5 – How do I monitor SQL performance when I’m trying Dynamic Memory on my VMs? Use the performance counters below to monitor memory performance for SQL Server: Process - Working Set: This counter is available in the VM via process performance counters. It represents the actual amount of physical memory being used by SQL Server process in the VM. SQL Server – Buffer Cache Hit Ratio: This counter is available in the VM via SQL Server counters. This represents the paging being done by SQL Server. A rate of 90% or higher is desirable. Conclusion These blog posts are a quick start to a story that will be developing more in the near future. We’re still continuing our testing and investigations to provide more detailed configuration guidelines with example performance numbers with a white paper in the upcoming months. Now it’s time to give SQL Server and Hyper-V Dynamic Memory a try. Use this guidelines to kick-start your environment. See what you think about it and let us know of your experiences. - Serdar Sutay Originally posted at http://blogs.msdn.com/b/sqlosteam/

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  • C - array count, strtok, etc

    - by Pedro
    Hi... i have a little problem on my code... HI open a txt that have this: LEI;7671;Maria Albertina da silva;[email protected]; 9;8;12;9;12;11;6;15;7;11; LTCGM;6567;Artur Pereira Ribeiro;[email protected]; 6;13;14;12;11;16;14; LEI;7701;Ana Maria Carvalho;[email protected]; 8;13;11;7;14;12;11;16;14; LEI, LTCGM are the college; 7671, 6567, 7701 is student number; Maria, Artur e Ana are the students name; [email protected], ...@gmail are emails from students; the first number of every line is the total of classes that students have; after that is students school notes; example: College: LEI Number: 7671 Name: Maria Albertina da Silva email: [email protected] total of classes: 9 Classe Notes: 8 12 9 12 11 6 15 7 11. My code: typedef struct aluno{ char sigla[5];//college char numero[80];//number char nome[80];//student name char email[20];//email int total_notas;// total of classes char tot_not[40]; // total classes char notas[20];// classe notes int nota; //class notes char situacao[80]; //situation (aproved or disaproved) }ALUNO; void ordena(ALUNO*alunos, int tam)//bubble sort { int i=0; int j=0; char temp[100]; for( i=0;i<tam;i++) for(j=0;j<tam-1;j++) if(strcmp( alunos[i].sigla[j], alunos[i].sigla[j+1])>0){ strcpy(temp, alunos[i].sigla[j]); strcpy(alunos[i].sigla[j],alunos[i].sigla[j+1]); strcpy(alunos[i].sigla[j+1], temp); } } void xml(ALUNO*alunos, int tam){ FILE *fp; char linha[60];//line int soma, max, min, count;//biggest note and lowest note and students per course count float media; //media of notes fp=fopen("example.txt","r"); if(fp==NULL){ exit(1); } else{ while(!(feof(fp))){ soma=0; media=0; max=0; min=0; count=0; fgets(linha,60,fp); if(linha[0]=='L'){ if(ap_dados=strtok(linha,";")){ strcpy(alunos[i].sigla,ap_dados);//copy to struct // i need to call bubble sort here, but i don't know how printf("College: %s\n",alunos[i].sigla); if(ap_dados=strtok(NULL,";")){ strcpy(alunos[i].numero,ap_dados);//copy to struct printf("number: %s\n",alunos[i].numero); if(ap_dados=strtok(NULL,";")){ strcpy(alunos[i].nome, ap_dados);//copy to struct printf("name: %s\n",alunos[i].nome); if(ap_dados=strtok(NULL,";")){ strcpy(alunos[i].email, ap_dados);//copy to struct printf("email: %s\n",alunos[i].email); } } } }i++; } if(isdigit(linha[0])){ if(info_notas=strtok(linha,";")){ strcpy(alunos[i].tot_not,info_notas); alunos[i].total_notas=atoi(alunos[i].tot_not);//total classes for(z=0;z<=alunos[i].total_notas;z++){ if(info_notas=strtok(NULL,";")){ strcpy(alunos[i].notas,info_notas); alunos[i].nota=atoi(alunos[i].notas); // student class notes } soma=soma + alunos[i].nota; media=soma/alunos[i].total_notas;//doesn't work if(alunos[i].nota>max){ max=alunos[i].nota;;//doesn't work } else{ if(min<alunos[i].nota){ min=alunos[i].nota;;//doesn't work } } //now i need to count the numbers of students in the same college, but doesn't work /*If(strcmp(alunos[i].sigla, alunos[i+1].sigla)=0){ count ++; printf("%d\n", count); here for LEI should appear 2 students and for LTCGM appear 1, don't work }*/ //Now i need to see if student is aproved or disaproved // Student is disaproved if he gets 3 notes under 10, how can i do that? } printf("media %d\n",media); //media printf("Nota maxima %d\n",max);// biggest note printf("Nota minima %d\n",min); //lowest note }i++; } } } fclose(fp); } int main(int argc, char *argv[]){ ALUNO alunos; FILE *fp; int tam; fp=fopen(nomeFicheiro,"r"); alunos = (ALUNO*) calloc (tam, sizeof(ALUNO)); xml(alunos,nomeFicheiro, tam); system("PAUSE"); return 0; }

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  • Problem Implementing Texture on Libgdx Mesh of Randomized Terrain

    - by BrotherJack
    I'm having problems understanding how to apply a texture to a non-rectangular object. The following code creates textures such as this: from the debug renderer I think I've got the physical shape of the "earth" correct. However, I don't know how to apply a texture to it. I have a 50x50 pixel image (in the environment constructor as "dirt.png"), that I want to apply to the hills. I have a vague idea that this seems to involve the mesh class and possibly a ShapeRenderer, but the little i'm finding online is just confusing me. Bellow is code from the class that makes and regulates the terrain and the code in a separate file that is supposed to render it (but crashes on the mesh.render() call). Any pointers would be appreciated. public class Environment extends Actor{ Pixmap sky; public Texture groundTexture; Texture skyTexture; double tankypos; //TODO delete, temp public Tank etank; //TODO delete, temp int destructionRes; // how wide is a static pixel private final float viewWidth; private final float viewHeight; private ChainShape terrain; public Texture dirtTexture; private World world; public Mesh terrainMesh; private static final String LOG = Environment.class.getSimpleName(); // Constructor public Environment(Tank tank, FileHandle sfileHandle, float w, float h, int destructionRes) { world = new World(new Vector2(0, -10), true); this.destructionRes = destructionRes; sky = new Pixmap(sfileHandle); viewWidth = w; viewHeight = h; skyTexture = new Texture(sky); terrain = new ChainShape(); genTerrain((int)w, (int)h, 6); Texture tankSprite = new Texture(Gdx.files.internal("TankSpriteBase.png")); Texture turretSprite = new Texture(Gdx.files.internal("TankSpriteTurret.png")); tank = new Tank(0, true, tankSprite, turretSprite); Rectangle tankrect = new Rectangle(300, (int)tankypos, 44, 45); tank.setRect(tankrect); BodyDef terrainDef = new BodyDef(); terrainDef.type = BodyType.StaticBody; terrainDef.position.set(0, 0); Body terrainBody = world.createBody(terrainDef); FixtureDef fixtureDef = new FixtureDef(); fixtureDef.shape = terrain; terrainBody.createFixture(fixtureDef); BodyDef tankDef = new BodyDef(); Rectangle rect = tank.getRect(); tankDef.type = BodyType.DynamicBody; tankDef.position.set(0,0); tankDef.position.x = rect.x; tankDef.position.y = rect.y; Body tankBody = world.createBody(tankDef); FixtureDef tankFixture = new FixtureDef(); PolygonShape shape = new PolygonShape(); shape.setAsBox(rect.width*WORLD_TO_BOX, rect.height*WORLD_TO_BOX); fixtureDef.shape = shape; dirtTexture = new Texture(Gdx.files.internal("dirt.png")); etank = tank; } private void genTerrain(int w, int h, int hillnessFactor){ int width = w; int height = h; Random rand = new Random(); //min and max bracket the freq's of the sin/cos series //The higher the max the hillier the environment int min = 1; //allocating horizon for screen width Vector2[] horizon = new Vector2[width+2]; horizon[0] = new Vector2(0,0); double[] skyline = new double[width]; //TODO skyline necessary as an array? //ratio of amplitude of screen height to landscape variation double r = (int) 2.0/5.0; //number of terms to be used in sine/cosine series int n = 4; int[] f = new int[n*2]; //calculating omegas for sine series for(int i = 0; i < n*2 ; i ++){ f[i] = rand.nextInt(hillnessFactor - min + 1) + min; } //amp is the amplitude of the series int amp = (int) (r*height); double lastPoint = 0.0; for(int i = 0 ; i < width; i ++){ skyline[i] = 0; for(int j = 0; j < n; j++){ skyline[i] += ( Math.sin( (f[j]*Math.PI*i/height) ) + Math.cos(f[j+n]*Math.PI*i/height) ); } skyline[i] *= amp/(n*2); skyline[i] += (height/2); skyline[i] = (int)skyline[i]; //TODO Possible un-necessary float to int to float conversions tankypos = skyline[i]; horizon[i+1] = new Vector2((float)i, (float)skyline[i]); if(i == width) lastPoint = skyline[i]; } horizon[width+1] = new Vector2(800, (float)lastPoint); terrain.createChain(horizon); terrain.createLoop(horizon); //I have no idea if the following does anything useful :( terrainMesh = new Mesh(true, (width+2)*2, (width+2)*2, new VertexAttribute(Usage.Position, (width+2)*2, "a_position")); float[] vertices = new float[(width+2)*2]; short[] indices = new short[(width+2)*2]; for(int i=0; i < (width+2); i+=2){ vertices[i] = horizon[i].x; vertices[i+1] = horizon[i].y; indices[i] = (short)i; indices[i+1] = (short)(i+1); } terrainMesh.setVertices(vertices); terrainMesh.setIndices(indices); } Here is the code that is (supposed to) render the terrain. @Override public void render(float delta) { Gdx.gl.glClearColor(1, 1, 1, 1); Gdx.gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); // tell the camera to update its matrices. camera.update(); // tell the SpriteBatch to render in the // coordinate system specified by the camera. backgroundStage.draw(); backgroundStage.act(delta); uistage.draw(); uistage.act(delta); batch.begin(); debugRenderer.render(this.ground.getWorld(), camera.combined); batch.end(); //Gdx.graphics.getGL10().glEnable(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D); ground.dirtTexture.bind(); ground.terrainMesh.render(GL10.GL_TRIANGLE_FAN); //I'm particularly lost on this ground.step(); }

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  • How to read oom-killer syslog messages?

    - by Grant
    I have a Ubuntu 12.04 server which sometimes dies completely - no SSH, no ping, nothing until it is physically rebooted. After the reboot, I see in syslog that the oom-killer killed, well, pretty much everything. There's a lot of detailed memory usage information in them. How do I read these logs to see what caused the OOM issue? The server has far more memory than it needs, so it shouldn't be running out of memory. Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529511] oom_kill_process: 9 callbacks suppressed Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529514] irqbalance invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x80d0, order=0, oom_adj=0, oom_score_adj=0 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529516] irqbalance cpuset=/ mems_allowed=0 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529518] Pid: 948, comm: irqbalance Not tainted 3.2.0-55-generic-pae #85-Ubuntu Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529519] Call Trace: Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529525] [] dump_header.isra.6+0x85/0xc0 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529528] [] oom_kill_process+0x5c/0x80 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529530] [] out_of_memory+0xc5/0x1c0 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529532] [] __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x72c/0x740 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529535] [] __get_free_pages+0x1c/0x30 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529537] [] get_zeroed_page+0x12/0x20 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529541] [] fill_read_buffer.isra.8+0xaa/0xd0 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529543] [] sysfs_read_file+0x7d/0x90 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529546] [] vfs_read+0x8c/0x160 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529548] [] ? fill_read_buffer.isra.8+0xd0/0xd0 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529550] [] sys_read+0x3d/0x70 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529554] [] sysenter_do_call+0x12/0x28 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529555] Mem-Info: Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529556] DMA per-cpu: Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529557] CPU 0: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529558] CPU 1: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529560] CPU 2: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529561] CPU 3: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529562] CPU 4: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529563] CPU 5: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529564] CPU 6: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529565] CPU 7: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529566] Normal per-cpu: Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529567] CPU 0: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 179 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529568] CPU 1: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 182 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529569] CPU 2: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 132 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529570] CPU 3: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 175 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529571] CPU 4: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 91 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529572] CPU 5: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 173 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529573] CPU 6: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 159 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529574] CPU 7: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 164 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529575] HighMem per-cpu: Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529576] CPU 0: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 165 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529577] CPU 1: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 183 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529578] CPU 2: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 185 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529579] CPU 3: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 138 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529580] CPU 4: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 155 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529581] CPU 5: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 104 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529582] CPU 6: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 133 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529583] CPU 7: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 170 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529586] active_anon:5523 inactive_anon:354 isolated_anon:0 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529586] active_file:2815 inactive_file:6849119 isolated_file:0 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529587] unevictable:0 dirty:449 writeback:10 unstable:0 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529587] free:1304125 slab_reclaimable:104672 slab_unreclaimable:3419 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529588] mapped:2661 shmem:138 pagetables:313 bounce:0 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529591] DMA free:4252kB min:780kB low:972kB high:1168kB active_anon:0kB inactive_anon:0kB active_file:4kB inactive_file:0kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:15756kB mlocked:0kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:0kB shmem:0kB slab_reclaimable:11564kB slab_unreclaimable:4kB kernel_stack:0kB pagetables:0kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:1 all_unreclaimable? yes Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529594] lowmem_reserve[]: 0 869 32460 32460 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529599] Normal free:44052kB min:44216kB low:55268kB high:66324kB active_anon:0kB inactive_anon:0kB active_file:616kB inactive_file:568kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:890008kB mlocked:0kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:4kB shmem:0kB slab_reclaimable:407124kB slab_unreclaimable:13672kB kernel_stack:992kB pagetables:0kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:2083 all_unreclaimable? yes Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529602] lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 252733 252733 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529606] HighMem free:5168196kB min:512kB low:402312kB high:804112kB active_anon:22092kB inactive_anon:1416kB active_file:10640kB inactive_file:27395920kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:32349872kB mlocked:0kB dirty:1796kB writeback:40kB mapped:10640kB shmem:552kB slab_reclaimable:0kB slab_unreclaimable:0kB kernel_stack:0kB pagetables:1252kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529609] lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529611] DMA: 6*4kB 6*8kB 6*16kB 5*32kB 5*64kB 4*128kB 2*256kB 1*512kB 0*1024kB 1*2048kB 0*4096kB = 4232kB Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529616] Normal: 297*4kB 180*8kB 119*16kB 73*32kB 67*64kB 47*128kB 35*256kB 13*512kB 5*1024kB 1*2048kB 1*4096kB = 44052kB Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529622] HighMem: 1*4kB 6*8kB 27*16kB 11*32kB 2*64kB 1*128kB 0*256kB 0*512kB 4*1024kB 1*2048kB 1260*4096kB = 5168196kB Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529627] 6852076 total pagecache pages Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529628] 0 pages in swap cache Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529629] Swap cache stats: add 0, delete 0, find 0/0 Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529630] Free swap = 3998716kB Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.529631] Total swap = 3998716kB Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571914] 8437743 pages RAM Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571916] 8209409 pages HighMem Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571917] 159556 pages reserved Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571917] 6862034 pages shared Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571918] 123540 pages non-shared Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571919] [ pid ] uid tgid total_vm rss cpu oom_adj oom_score_adj name Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571927] [ 421] 0 421 709 152 3 0 0 upstart-udev-br Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571929] [ 429] 0 429 773 326 5 -17 -1000 udevd Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571931] [ 567] 0 567 772 224 4 -17 -1000 udevd Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571932] [ 568] 0 568 772 231 7 -17 -1000 udevd Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571934] [ 764] 0 764 712 103 1 0 0 upstart-socket- Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571936] [ 772] 103 772 815 164 5 0 0 dbus-daemon Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571938] [ 785] 0 785 1671 600 1 -17 -1000 sshd Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571940] [ 809] 101 809 7766 380 1 0 0 rsyslogd Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571942] [ 869] 0 869 1158 213 3 0 0 getty Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571943] [ 873] 0 873 1158 214 6 0 0 getty Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571945] [ 911] 0 911 1158 215 3 0 0 getty Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571947] [ 912] 0 912 1158 214 2 0 0 getty Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571949] [ 914] 0 914 1158 213 1 0 0 getty Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571950] [ 916] 0 916 618 86 1 0 0 atd Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571952] [ 917] 0 917 655 226 3 0 0 cron Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571954] [ 948] 0 948 902 159 3 0 0 irqbalance Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571956] [ 993] 0 993 1145 363 3 0 0 master Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571957] [ 1002] 104 1002 1162 333 1 0 0 qmgr Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571959] [ 1016] 0 1016 730 149 2 0 0 mdadm Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571961] [ 1057] 0 1057 6066 2160 3 0 0 /usr/sbin/apach Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571963] [ 1086] 0 1086 1158 213 3 0 0 getty Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571965] [ 1088] 33 1088 6191 1517 0 0 0 /usr/sbin/apach Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571967] [ 1089] 33 1089 6191 1451 1 0 0 /usr/sbin/apach Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571969] [ 1090] 33 1090 6175 1451 3 0 0 /usr/sbin/apach Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571971] [ 1091] 33 1091 6191 1451 1 0 0 /usr/sbin/apach Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571972] [ 1092] 33 1092 6191 1451 0 0 0 /usr/sbin/apach Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571974] [ 1109] 33 1109 6191 1517 0 0 0 /usr/sbin/apach Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571976] [ 1151] 33 1151 6191 1451 1 0 0 /usr/sbin/apach Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571978] [ 1201] 104 1201 1803 652 1 0 0 tlsmgr Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571980] [ 2475] 0 2475 2435 812 0 0 0 sshd Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571982] [ 2494] 0 2494 1745 839 1 0 0 bash Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571984] [ 2573] 0 2573 3394 1689 0 0 0 sshd Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571986] [ 2589] 0 2589 5014 457 3 0 0 rsync Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571988] [ 2590] 0 2590 7970 522 1 0 0 rsync Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571990] [ 2652] 104 2652 1150 326 5 0 0 pickup Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.571992] Out of memory: Kill process 421 (upstart-udev-br) score 1 or sacrifice child Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.572407] Killed process 421 (upstart-udev-br) total-vm:2836kB, anon-rss:156kB, file-rss:452kB Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.573107] init: upstart-udev-bridge main process (421) killed by KILL signal Oct 25 07:28:04 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87946.573126] init: upstart-udev-bridge main process ended, respawning Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461570] irqbalance invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x80d0, order=0, oom_adj=0, oom_score_adj=0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461573] irqbalance cpuset=/ mems_allowed=0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461576] Pid: 948, comm: irqbalance Not tainted 3.2.0-55-generic-pae #85-Ubuntu Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461578] Call Trace: Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461585] [] dump_header.isra.6+0x85/0xc0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461588] [] oom_kill_process+0x5c/0x80 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461591] [] out_of_memory+0xc5/0x1c0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461595] [] __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x72c/0x740 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461599] [] __get_free_pages+0x1c/0x30 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461602] [] get_zeroed_page+0x12/0x20 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461606] [] fill_read_buffer.isra.8+0xaa/0xd0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461609] [] sysfs_read_file+0x7d/0x90 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461613] [] vfs_read+0x8c/0x160 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461616] [] ? fill_read_buffer.isra.8+0xd0/0xd0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461619] [] sys_read+0x3d/0x70 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461624] [] sysenter_do_call+0x12/0x28 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461626] Mem-Info: Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461628] DMA per-cpu: Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461629] CPU 0: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461631] CPU 1: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461633] CPU 2: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461634] CPU 3: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461636] CPU 4: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461638] CPU 5: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461639] CPU 6: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461641] CPU 7: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461642] Normal per-cpu: Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461644] CPU 0: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 61 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461646] CPU 1: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 49 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461647] CPU 2: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 8 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461649] CPU 3: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461651] CPU 4: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461652] CPU 5: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461654] CPU 6: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461656] CPU 7: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 30 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461657] HighMem per-cpu: Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461658] CPU 0: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 4 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461660] CPU 1: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 204 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461662] CPU 2: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461663] CPU 3: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461665] CPU 4: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461667] CPU 5: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 31 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461668] CPU 6: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461670] CPU 7: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461674] active_anon:5441 inactive_anon:412 isolated_anon:0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461674] active_file:2668 inactive_file:6922842 isolated_file:0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461675] unevictable:0 dirty:836 writeback:0 unstable:0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461676] free:1231664 slab_reclaimable:105781 slab_unreclaimable:3399 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461677] mapped:2649 shmem:138 pagetables:313 bounce:0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461682] DMA free:4248kB min:780kB low:972kB high:1168kB active_anon:0kB inactive_anon:0kB active_file:0kB inactive_file:4kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:15756kB mlocked:0kB dirty:0kB writeback:0kB mapped:0kB shmem:0kB slab_reclaimable:11560kB slab_unreclaimable:4kB kernel_stack:0kB pagetables:0kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:5687 all_unreclaimable? yes Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461686] lowmem_reserve[]: 0 869 32460 32460 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461693] Normal free:44184kB min:44216kB low:55268kB high:66324kB active_anon:0kB inactive_anon:0kB active_file:20kB inactive_file:1096kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:890008kB mlocked:0kB dirty:4kB writeback:0kB mapped:4kB shmem:0kB slab_reclaimable:411564kB slab_unreclaimable:13592kB kernel_stack:992kB pagetables:0kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:1816 all_unreclaimable? yes Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461697] lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 252733 252733 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461703] HighMem free:4878224kB min:512kB low:402312kB high:804112kB active_anon:21764kB inactive_anon:1648kB active_file:10652kB inactive_file:27690268kB unevictable:0kB isolated(anon):0kB isolated(file):0kB present:32349872kB mlocked:0kB dirty:3340kB writeback:0kB mapped:10592kB shmem:552kB slab_reclaimable:0kB slab_unreclaimable:0kB kernel_stack:0kB pagetables:1252kB unstable:0kB bounce:0kB writeback_tmp:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461708] lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461711] DMA: 8*4kB 7*8kB 6*16kB 5*32kB 5*64kB 4*128kB 2*256kB 1*512kB 0*1024kB 1*2048kB 0*4096kB = 4248kB Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461719] Normal: 272*4kB 178*8kB 76*16kB 52*32kB 42*64kB 36*128kB 23*256kB 20*512kB 7*1024kB 2*2048kB 1*4096kB = 44176kB Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461727] HighMem: 1*4kB 45*8kB 31*16kB 24*32kB 5*64kB 3*128kB 1*256kB 2*512kB 4*1024kB 2*2048kB 1188*4096kB = 4877852kB Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461736] 6925679 total pagecache pages Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461737] 0 pages in swap cache Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461739] Swap cache stats: add 0, delete 0, find 0/0 Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461740] Free swap = 3998716kB Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.461741] Total swap = 3998716kB Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.524951] 8437743 pages RAM Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.524953] 8209409 pages HighMem Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.524954] 159556 pages reserved Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.524955] 6936141 pages shared Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.524956] 124602 pages non-shared Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.524957] [ pid ] uid tgid total_vm rss cpu oom_adj oom_score_adj name Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.524966] [ 429] 0 429 773 326 5 -17 -1000 udevd Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.524968] [ 567] 0 567 772 224 4 -17 -1000 udevd Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.524971] [ 568] 0 568 772 231 7 -17 -1000 udevd Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.524973] [ 764] 0 764 712 103 3 0 0 upstart-socket- Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.524976] [ 772] 103 772 815 164 2 0 0 dbus-daemon Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.524979] [ 785] 0 785 1671 600 1 -17 -1000 sshd Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.524981] [ 809] 101 809 7766 380 1 0 0 rsyslogd Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.524983] [ 869] 0 869 1158 213 3 0 0 getty Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.524986] [ 873] 0 873 1158 214 6 0 0 getty Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.524988] [ 911] 0 911 1158 215 3 0 0 getty Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.524990] [ 912] 0 912 1158 214 2 0 0 getty Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.524992] [ 914] 0 914 1158 213 1 0 0 getty Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.524995] [ 916] 0 916 618 86 1 0 0 atd Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.524997] [ 917] 0 917 655 226 3 0 0 cron Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.524999] [ 948] 0 948 902 159 5 0 0 irqbalance Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525002] [ 993] 0 993 1145 363 3 0 0 master Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525004] [ 1002] 104 1002 1162 333 1 0 0 qmgr Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525007] [ 1016] 0 1016 730 149 2 0 0 mdadm Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525009] [ 1057] 0 1057 6066 2160 3 0 0 /usr/sbin/apach Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525012] [ 1086] 0 1086 1158 213 3 0 0 getty Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525014] [ 1088] 33 1088 6191 1517 0 0 0 /usr/sbin/apach Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525017] [ 1089] 33 1089 6191 1451 1 0 0 /usr/sbin/apach Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525019] [ 1090] 33 1090 6175 1451 1 0 0 /usr/sbin/apach Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525021] [ 1091] 33 1091 6191 1451 1 0 0 /usr/sbin/apach Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525024] [ 1092] 33 1092 6191 1451 0 0 0 /usr/sbin/apach Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525026] [ 1109] 33 1109 6191 1517 0 0 0 /usr/sbin/apach Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525029] [ 1151] 33 1151 6191 1451 1 0 0 /usr/sbin/apach Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525031] [ 1201] 104 1201 1803 652 1 0 0 tlsmgr Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525033] [ 2475] 0 2475 2435 812 0 0 0 sshd Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525036] [ 2494] 0 2494 1745 839 1 0 0 bash Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525038] [ 2573] 0 2573 3394 1689 3 0 0 sshd Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525040] [ 2589] 0 2589 5014 457 3 0 0 rsync Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525043] [ 2590] 0 2590 7970 522 1 0 0 rsync Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525045] [ 2652] 104 2652 1150 326 5 0 0 pickup Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525048] [ 2847] 0 2847 709 89 0 0 0 upstart-udev-br Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525050] Out of memory: Kill process 764 (upstart-socket-) score 1 or sacrifice child Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.525484] Killed process 764 (upstart-socket-) total-vm:2848kB, anon-rss:204kB, file-rss:208kB Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.526161] init: upstart-socket-bridge main process (764) killed by KILL signal Oct 25 07:28:34 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87976.526180] init: upstart-socket-bridge main process ended, respawning Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439671] irqbalance invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0x80d0, order=0, oom_adj=0, oom_score_adj=0 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439674] irqbalance cpuset=/ mems_allowed=0 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439676] Pid: 948, comm: irqbalance Not tainted 3.2.0-55-generic-pae #85-Ubuntu Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439678] Call Trace: Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439684] [] dump_header.isra.6+0x85/0xc0 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439686] [] oom_kill_process+0x5c/0x80 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439688] [] out_of_memory+0xc5/0x1c0 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439691] [] __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x72c/0x740 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439694] [] __get_free_pages+0x1c/0x30 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439696] [] get_zeroed_page+0x12/0x20 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439699] [] fill_read_buffer.isra.8+0xaa/0xd0 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439702] [] sysfs_read_file+0x7d/0x90 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439704] [] vfs_read+0x8c/0x160 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439707] [] ? fill_read_buffer.isra.8+0xd0/0xd0 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439709] [] sys_read+0x3d/0x70 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439712] [] sysenter_do_call+0x12/0x28 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439714] Mem-Info: Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439714] DMA per-cpu: Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439716] CPU 0: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439717] CPU 1: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439718] CPU 2: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439719] CPU 3: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439720] CPU 4: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439721] CPU 5: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439722] CPU 6: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439723] CPU 7: hi: 0, btch: 1 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439724] Normal per-cpu: Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439725] CPU 0: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439726] CPU 1: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439727] CPU 2: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439728] CPU 3: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:28:44 nldedip4k031 kernel: [87986.439729] CPU 4: hi: 186, btch: 31 usd: 0 Oct 25 07:33:48 nldedip4k031 kernel: imklog 5.8.6, log source = /proc/kmsg started. Oct 25 07:33:48 nldedip4k031 rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="5.8.6" x-pid="2880" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] start Oct 25 07:33:48 nldedip4k031 rsyslogd: rsyslogd's groupid changed to 103 Oct 25 07:33:48 nldedip4k031 rsyslogd: rsyslogd's userid changed to 101 Oct 25 07:33:48 nldedip4k031 rsyslogd-2039: Could not open output pipe '/dev/xconsole' [try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2039 ]

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  • How can I centralise MySQL data between 3 or more geographically separate servers?

    - by Andy Castles
    To explain the background to the question: We have a home-grown PHP application (for running online language-learning courses) running on a Linux server and using MySQL on localhost for saving user data (e.g. results of tests taken, marks of submitted work, time spent on different pages in the courses, etc). As we have students from different geographic locations we currently have 3 virtual servers hosted close to those locations (Spain, UK and Hong Kong) and users are added to the server closest to them (they access via different URLs, e.g. europe.domain.com, uk.domain.com and asia.domain.com). This works but is an administrative nightmare as we have to remember which server a particular user is on, and users can only connect to one server. We would like to somehow centralise the information so that all users are visible on any of the servers and users could connect to any of the 3 servers. The question is, what method should we use to implement this. It must be an issue that that lots of people have encountered but I haven't found anything conclusive after a fair bit of Googling around. The closest I have seen to solutions are: something like master-master replication, but I have read so many posts suggesting that this is not a good idea as things like auto_increment fields can break. circular replication, this sounded perfect but to quote from O'Reilly's High Performance MySQL, "In general, rings are brittle and best avoided" We're not against rewriting code in the application to make it work with whatever solution is required but I am not sure if replication is the correct thing to use. Thanks, Andy P.S. I should add that we experimented with writes to a central database and then using reads from a local database but the response time between the different servers for writing was pretty bad and it's also important that written data is available immediately for reading so if replication is too slow this could cause out-of-date data to be returned. Edit: I have been thinking about writing my own rudimentary replication script which would involve something like having each user given a server ID to say which is his "home server", e.g. users in asia would be marked as having the Hong Kong server as their own server. Then the replication scripts (which would be a PHP script set to run as a cron job reasonably frequently, e.g. every 15 minutes or so) would run independently on each of the servers in the system. They would go through the database and distribute any information about users with the "home server" set to the server that the script is running on to all of the other databases in the system. They would also need to suck new information which has been added to any of the other databases on the system where the "home server" flag is the server where the script is running. I would need to work out the details and build in the logic to deal with conflicts but I think it would be possible, however I wanted to make sure that there is not a correct solution for this already out there as it seems like it must be a problem that many people have already come across.

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  • flash core engine by Dinesh [closed]

    - by hdinesh
    This post was a dump of the following code (without the highlights). No question, just a dump. Please update this q. with a real question to have it reopened. You (the asker) risk to be flagged as spammer (if not already) and a bad reputation. This is a q/a site, not a site to promote your own code libraries. package facers { import flash.display.*; import flash.events.*; import flash.geom.ColorTransform; import flash.utils.Dictionary; import org.papervision3d.cameras.*; import org.papervision3d.scenes.*; import org.papervision3d.objects.*; import org.papervision3d.objects.special.*; import org.papervision3d.objects.primitives.*; import org.papervision3d.materials.*; import org.papervision3d.events.FileLoadEvent; import org.papervision3d.materials.special.*; import org.papervision3d.materials.shaders.*; import org.papervision3d.materials.utils.*; import org.papervision3d.lights.*; import org.papervision3d.render.*; import org.papervision3d.view.*; import org.papervision3d.events.InteractiveScene3DEvent; import org.papervision3d.events.*; import org.papervision3d.core.utils.*; import org.papervision3d.core.geom.renderables.Vertex3D; import caurina.transitions.*; public class Main extends Sprite { public var viewport :BasicView; public var displayObject :DisplayObject3D; private var light :PointLight3D; private var shadowPlane :Plane; private var dataArray :Array; private var material :BitmapFileMaterial; private var planeByContainer :Dictionary = new Dictionary(); private var paperSize :Number = 0.5; private var cloudSize :Number = 1500; private var rotSize :Number = 360; private var maxAlbums :Number = 50; private var num :Number = 0; public function Main():void { trace("START APPLICATION"); viewport = new BasicView(1024, 690, true, true, CameraType.FREE); viewport.camera.zoom = 50; viewport.camera.extra = { goPosition: new DisplayObject3D(),goTarget: new DisplayObject3D() }; addChild(viewport); displayObject = new DisplayObject3D(); viewport.scene.addChild(displayObject); createAlbum(); addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, onRenderEvent); } private function createAlbum() { dataArray = new Array("images/thums/pic1.jpg", "images/thums/pic2.jpg", "images/thums/pic3.jpg", "images/thums/pic4.jpg", "images/thums/pic5.jpg", "images/thums/pic6.jpg", "images/thums/pic7.jpg", "images/thums/pic8.jpg", "images/thums/pic9.jpg", "images/thums/pic10.jpg", "images/thums/pic1.jpg", "images/thums/pic2.jpg", "images/thums/pic3.jpg", "images/thums/pic4.jpg", "images/thums/pic5.jpg", "images/thums/pic6.jpg", "images/thums/pic7.jpg", "images/thums/pic8.jpg", "images/thums/pic9.jpg", "images/thums/pic10.jpg"); for (var i:int = 0; i < dataArray.length; i++) { material = new BitmapFileMaterial(dataArray[i]); material.doubleSided = true; material.addEventListener(FileLoadEvent.LOAD_COMPLETE, loadMaterial); } } public function loadMaterial(event:Event) { var plane:Plane = new Plane(material, 300, 180); displayObject.addChild(plane); var _x:int = Math.random() * cloudSize - cloudSize/2; var _y:int = Math.random() * cloudSize - cloudSize/2; var _z:int = Math.random() * cloudSize - cloudSize/2; var _rotationX:int = Math.random() * rotSize; var _rotationY:int = Math.random() * rotSize; var _rotationZ:int = Math.random() * rotSize; Tweener.addTween(plane, { x:_x, y:_y, z:_z, rotationX:_rotationX, rotationY:_rotationY, rotationZ:_rotationZ, time:5, transition:"easeIn" } ); } protected function onRenderEvent(event:Event):void { var rotY: Number = (mouseY-(stage.stageHeight/2))/(900/2)*(1200); var rotX: Number = (mouseX-(stage.stageWidth/2))/(600/2)*(-1200); displayObject.rotationY = viewport.camera.x + (rotX - viewport.camera.x) / 50; displayObject.rotationX = viewport.camera.y + (rotY - viewport.camera.y) / 30; viewport.singleRender(); } } } package designLab.events { import flash.display.BlendMode; import flash.display.Sprite; import flash.events.Event; import flash.filters.BlurFilter; // Import designLab import designLab.layer.IntroLayer; import designLab.shadow.ShadowCaster; import designLab.utils.LayerConstant; // Import Papervision3D import org.papervision3d.cameras.*; import org.papervision3d.scenes.*; import org.papervision3d.objects.*; import org.papervision3d.objects.special.*; import org.papervision3d.objects.primitives.*; import org.papervision3d.materials.*; import org.papervision3d.materials.special.*; import org.papervision3d.materials.shaders.*; import org.papervision3d.materials.utils.*; import org.papervision3d.lights.*; import org.papervision3d.render.*; import org.papervision3d.view.*; import org.papervision3d.events.InteractiveScene3DEvent; import org.papervision3d.events.*; import org.papervision3d.core.utils.*; import org.papervision3d.core.geom.renderables.Vertex3D; public class CoreEnging extends Sprite { public var viewport :BasicView; // Create BasicView public var displayObject :DisplayObject3D; // Create DisplayObject public var shadowCaster :ShadowCaster; // Create ShadowCaster private var light :PointLight3D; // Create PointLight private var shadowPlane :Plane; // Create Plane private var layer :LayerConstant; // Create constant resource layer private static var instance :CoreEnging; // Create CoreEnging class static instance // CoreEnging class static instance mathod function public static function getinstance() { if (instance != null) return instance; else { instance = new CoreEnging(); return instance; } } // CoreEnging constrictor public function CoreEnging () { trace("INFO: Design Lab Application : Core Enging v0.1"); layer = new LayerConstant(); viewport = new BasicView(900, 600, true, true, CameraType.FREE); // pass the width, height, scaleToStage, interactive, cameraType to BasicView viewport.camera.zoom = 100; // Define the zoom level of camera addChild(viewport); createFloor(); // Create the floor displayObject = new DisplayObject3D(); // Create new instance of DisplayObject viewport.scene.addChild(displayObject); // Add the DisplayObject to the BasicView light = new PointLight3D(); // Create new instance of PointLight light.z = -50; // Position the Z of create instance light.x = 0; //Position the X of create instance light.rotationZ = 45; //Position the rotation angel of the Z of create instance light.y = 500; //Position the Y of create instance shadowCaster = new ShadowCaster("shadow", 0x000000, BlendMode.MULTIPLY, .1, [new BlurFilter(20, 20, 1)]); // pass shadowcaster name, color, blend mode, alpha and filters shadowCaster.setType(ShadowCaster.SPOTLIGHT); // Define the shadow type addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, onRenderEvent); // Add frame render event } // Start create floor public function createFloor() { var spr:Sprite = new Sprite(); // Create Sprite spr.graphics.beginFill(0xFFFFFF); // Define the fill color for sprite spr.graphics.drawRect(0, 0, 600, 600); // Define the X, Y, width, height of the sprite var sprMaterial:MovieMaterial = new MovieMaterial(spr, true, true, true); //Create a texture from an existing sprite instance shadowPlane = new Plane(sprMaterial, 2000, 2000, 1, 1); // create new instance of the Plane and pass the texture material, width, height, segmentsW and segmentsH shadowPlane.rotationX = 80; //Position the rotation angel of the X of Plane shadowPlane.y = -200; //Position the Y of Plane viewport.scene.addChild(shadowPlane); // Add the Plane to the BasicView } // switch method function of the page layer control public function addLayer(type:String) { switch (type) { case layer.INTRO: var intro:IntroLayer = new IntroLayer(); break; } } // Create get mathod function for DisplayObject public function getDisplayObject():DisplayObject3D { return displayObject; } // Create get mathod function for BasicView public function getViewport():BasicView { return viewport; } // Rendering function protected function onRenderEvent(event:Event):void { var rotY: Number = (mouseY-(stage.stageHeight/2))/(900/2)*(1200); var rotX: Number = (mouseX-(stage.stageWidth/2))/(600/2)*(-1200); displayObject.rotationY = viewport.camera.x + (rotX - viewport.camera.x) / 50; displayObject.rotationX = viewport.camera.y + (rotY - viewport.camera.y) / 30; // Remove the shadow shadowCaster.invalidate(); // create new shadow on DisplayObject move shadowCaster.castModel(displayObject, light, shadowPlane); viewport.singleRender(); } } } package designLab.layer { import flash.display.Sprite; import flash.events.Event; // Import designLab import designLab.materials.iBusinessCard; import designLab.events.CoreEnging; // Import Papervision3D import org.papervision3d.objects.primitives.Cube; import org.papervision3d.materials.ColorMaterial; import org.papervision3d.materials.MovieMaterial; public class IntroLayer { // IntroLayer constrictor public function IntroLayer() { trace("INFO: Load Intro layer"); var indexDP:DP_index = new DP_index(); //Create the library MovieClip var blackMaterial:MovieMaterial = new MovieMaterial(indexDP, true); //Create a texture from an existing library MovieClip instance blackMaterial.smooth = true; blackMaterial.doubleSided = false; var mycolor:ColorMaterial = new ColorMaterial(0x000000); //Create solid color material var mycard:iBusinessCard = new iBusinessCard(blackMaterial, blackMaterial, mycolor, 372, 10, 207); // Create custom 3D cube object to pass the Front, Back, All, CubeWidth, CubeDepth and CubeHeight CoreEnging.getinstance().getDisplayObject().addChild(mycard.create3DCube()); // Add the custom 3D cube to the DisplayObject } } } package designLab.materials { import flash.display.*; import flash.events.*; // Import Papervision3D import org.papervision3d.materials.*; import org.papervision3d.materials.utils.MaterialsList; import org.papervision3d.objects.primitives.Cube; public class iBusinessCard extends Sprite { private var materialsList :MaterialsList; private var cube :Cube; private var Front :MovieMaterial = new MovieMaterial(); private var Back :MovieMaterial = new MovieMaterial(); private var All :ColorMaterial = new ColorMaterial(); private var CubeWidth :Number; private var CubeDepth :Number; private var CubeHeight :Number; public function iBusinessCard(Front:MovieMaterial, Back:MovieMaterial, All:ColorMaterial, CubeWidth:Number, CubeDepth:Number, CubeHeight:Number) { setFront(Front); setBack(Back); setAll(All); setCubeWidth(CubeWidth); setCubeDepth(CubeDepth); setCubeHeight(CubeHeight); } public function create3DCube():Cube { materialsList = new MaterialsList(); materialsList.addMaterial(Front, "front"); materialsList.addMaterial(Back, "back"); materialsList.addMaterial(All, "left"); materialsList.addMaterial(All, "right"); materialsList.addMaterial(All, "top"); materialsList.addMaterial(All, "bottom"); cube = new Cube(materialsList, CubeWidth, CubeDepth, CubeHeight); cube.x = 0; cube.y = 0; cube.z = 0; cube.rotationY = 180; return cube; } public function setFront(Front:MovieMaterial) { this.Front = Front; } public function getFront():MovieMaterial { return Front; } public function setBack(Back:MovieMaterial) { this.Back = Back; } public function getBack():MovieMaterial { return Back; } public function setAll(All:ColorMaterial) { this.All = All; } public function getAll():ColorMaterial { return All; } public function setCubeWidth(CubeWidth:Number) { this.CubeWidth = CubeWidth; } public function getCubeWidth():Number { return CubeWidth; } public function setCubeDepth(CubeDepth:Number) { this.CubeDepth = CubeDepth; } public function getCubeDepth():Number { return CubeDepth; } public function setCubeHeight(CubeHeight:Number) { this.CubeHeight = CubeHeight; } public function getCubeHeight():Number { return CubeHeight; } } } package designLab.shadow { import flash.display.Sprite; import flash.filters.BlurFilter; import flash.geom.Point; import flash.geom.Rectangle; import flash.utils.Dictionary; import org.papervision3d.core.geom.TriangleMesh3D; import org.papervision3d.core.geom.renderables.Triangle3D; import org.papervision3d.core.geom.renderables.Vertex3D; import org.papervision3d.core.math.BoundingSphere; import org.papervision3d.core.math.Matrix3D; import org.papervision3d.core.math.Number3D; import org.papervision3d.core.math.Plane3D; import org.papervision3d.lights.PointLight3D; import org.papervision3d.materials.MovieMaterial; import org.papervision3d.objects.DisplayObject3D; import org.papervision3d.objects.primitives.Plane; public class ShadowCaster { private var vertexRefs:Dictionary; private var numberRefs:Dictionary; private var lightRay:Number3D = new Number3D() private var p3d:Plane3D = new Plane3D(); public var color:uint = 0; public var alpha:Number = 0; public var blend:String = ""; public var filters:Array; public var uid:String; private var _type:String = "point"; private var dir:Number3D; private var planeBounds:Dictionary; private var targetBounds:Dictionary; private var models:Dictionary; public static var DIRECTIONAL:String = "dir"; public static var SPOTLIGHT:String = "spot"; public function ShadowCaster(uid:String, color:uint = 0, blend:String = "multiply", alpha:Number = 1, filters:Array=null) { this.uid = uid; this.color = color; this.alpha = alpha; this.blend = blend; this.filters = filters ? filters : [new BlurFilter()]; numberRefs = new Dictionary(true); targetBounds = new Dictionary(true); planeBounds = new Dictionary(true); models = new Dictionary(true); } public function castModel(model:DisplayObject3D, light:PointLight3D, plane:Plane, faces:Boolean = true, cull:Boolean = false):void{ var ar:Array; if(models[model]) { ar = models[model]; }else{ ar = new Array(); getChildMesh(model, ar); models[model] = ar; } var reset:Boolean = true; for each(var t:TriangleMesh3D in ar){ if(faces) castFaces(light, t, plane, cull, reset); else castBoundingSphere(light, t, plane, 0.75, reset); reset = false; } } private function getChildMesh(do3d:DisplayObject3D, ar):void{ if(do3d is TriangleMesh3D) ar.push(do3d); for each(var d:DisplayObject3D in do3d.children) getChildMesh(d, ar); } public function setType(type:String="point"):void{ _type = type; } public function getType():String{ return _type; } public function castBoundingSphere(light:PointLight3D, target:TriangleMesh3D, plane:Plane, scaleRadius:Number=0.8, clear:Boolean = true):void{ var planeVertices:Array = plane.geometry.vertices; //convert to target space? var world:Matrix3D = plane.world; var inv:Matrix3D = Matrix3D.inverse(plane.transform); var lp:Number3D = new Number3D(light.x, light.y, light.z); Matrix3D.multiplyVector(inv, lp); p3d.setNormalAndPoint(plane.geometry.faces[0].faceNormal, new Number3D()); var b:BoundingSphere = target.geometry.boundingSphere; var bounds:Object = planeBounds[plane]; if(!bounds){ bounds = plane.boundingBox(); planeBounds[plane] = bounds; } var tbounds:Object = targetBounds[target]; if(!tbounds){ tbounds = target.boundingBox(); targetBounds[target] = tbounds; } var planeMovie:Sprite = Sprite(MovieMaterial(plane.material).movie); var movieSize:Point = new Point(planeMovie.width, planeMovie.height); var castClip:Sprite = getCastClip(plane); castClip.blendMode = this.blend; castClip.filters = this.filters; castClip.alpha = this.alpha; if(clear) castClip.graphics.clear(); vertexRefs = new Dictionary(true); var tlp:Number3D = new Number3D(light.x, light.y, light.z); Matrix3D.multiplyVector(Matrix3D.inverse(target.world), tlp); var center:Number3D = new Number3D(tbounds.min.x+tbounds.size.x*0.5, tbounds.min.y+tbounds.size.y*0.5, tbounds.min.z+tbounds.size.z*0.5); var dif:Number3D = Number3D.sub(lp, center); dif.normalize(); var other:Number3D = new Number3D(); other.x = -dif.y; other.y = dif.x; other.z = 0; other.normalize(); var cross:Number3D = Number3D.cross(new Number3D(plane.transform.n12, plane.transform.n22, plane.transform.n32), p3d.normal); cross.normalize(); //cross = new Number3D(-dif.y, dif.x, 0); //cross.normalize(); cross.multiplyEq(b.radius*scaleRadius); if(_type == DIRECTIONAL){ var oPos:Number3D = new Number3D(target.x, target.y, target.z); Matrix3D.multiplyVector(target.world, oPos); Matrix3D.multiplyVector(inv, oPos); dir = new Number3D(oPos.x-lp.x, oPos.y-lp.y, oPos.z-lp.z); } //numberRefs = new Dictionary(true); var pos:Number3D; var c2d:Point; var r2d:Point; //_type = SPOTLIGHT; pos = projectVertex(new Vertex3D(center.x, center.y, center.z), lp, inv, target.world); c2d = get2dPoint(pos, bounds.min, bounds.size, movieSize); pos = projectVertex(new Vertex3D(center.x+cross.x, center.y+cross.y, center.z+cross.z), lp, inv, target.world); r2d = get2dPoint(pos, bounds.min, bounds.size, movieSize); var dx:Number = r2d.x-c2d.x; var dy:Number = r2d.y-c2d.y; var rad:Number = Math.sqrt(dx*dx+dy*dy); castClip.graphics.beginFill(color); castClip.graphics.moveTo(c2d.x, c2d.y); castClip.graphics.drawCircle(c2d.x, c2d.y, rad); castClip.graphics.endFill(); } public function getCastClip(plane:Plane):Sprite{ var planeMovie:Sprite = Sprite(MovieMaterial(plane.material).movie); var movieSize:Point = new Point(planeMovie.width, planeMovie.height); var castClip:Sprite;// = new Sprite(); if(planeMovie.getChildByName("castClip"+uid)) return Sprite(planeMovie.getChildByName("castClip"+uid)); else{ castClip = new Sprite(); castClip.name = "castClip"+uid; castClip.scrollRect = new Rectangle(0, 0, movieSize.x, movieSize.y); //castClip.alpha = 0.4; planeMovie.addChild(castClip); return castClip; } } public function castFaces(light:PointLight3D, target:TriangleMesh3D, plane:Plane, cull:Boolean=false, clear:Boolean = true):void{ var planeVertices:Array = plane.geometry.vertices; //convert to target space? var world:Matrix3D = plane.world; var inv:Matrix3D = Matrix3D.inverse(plane.transform); var lp:Number3D = new Number3D(light.x, light.y, light.z); Matrix3D.multiplyVector(inv, lp); var tlp:Number3D; if(cull){ tlp = new Number3D(light.x, light.y, light.z); Matrix3D.multiplyVector(Matrix3D.inverse(target.world), tlp); } //Matrix3D.multiplyVector(Matrix3D.inverse(target.transform), tlp); //p3d.setThreePoints(planeVertices[0].getPosition(), planeVertices[1].getPosition(), planeVertices[2].getPosition()); p3d.setNormalAndPoint(plane.geometry.faces[0].faceNormal, new Number3D()); if(_type == DIRECTIONAL){ var oPos:Number3D = new Number3D(target.x, target.y, target.z); Matrix3D.multiplyVector(target.world, oPos); Matrix3D.multiplyVector(inv, oPos); dir = new Number3D(oPos.x-lp.x, oPos.y-lp.y, oPos.z-lp.z); } var bounds:Object = planeBounds[plane]; if(!bounds){ bounds = plane.boundingBox(); planeBounds[plane] = bounds; } var castClip:Sprite = getCastClip(plane); castClip.blendMode = this.blend; castClip.filters = this.filters; castClip.alpha = this.alpha; var planeMovie:Sprite = Sprite(MovieMaterial(plane.material).movie); var movieSize:Point = new Point(planeMovie.width, planeMovie.height); if(clear) castClip.graphics.clear(); vertexRefs = new Dictionary(true); //numberRefs = new Dictionary(true); var pos:Number3D; var p2d:Point; var s2d:Point; var hitVert:Number3D = new Number3D(); for each(var t:Triangle3D in target.geometry.faces){ if( cull){ hitVert.x = t.v0.x; hitVert.y = t.v0.y; hitVert.z = t.v0.z; if(Number3D.dot(t.faceNormal, Number3D.sub(tlp, hitVert)) <= 0) continue; } castClip.graphics.beginFill(color); pos = projectVertex(t.v0, lp, inv, target.world); s2d = get2dPoint(pos, bounds.min, bounds.size, movieSize); castClip.graphics.moveTo(s2d.x, s2d.y); pos = projectVertex(t.v1, lp, inv, target.world); p2d = get2dPoint(pos, bounds.min, bounds.size, movieSize); castClip.graphics.lineTo(p2d.x, p2d.y); pos = projectVertex(t.v2, lp, inv, target.world); p2d = get2dPoint(pos, bounds.min, bounds.size, movieSize); castClip.graphics.lineTo(p2d.x, p2d.y); castClip.graphics.lineTo(s2d.x, s2d.y); castClip.graphics.endFill(); } } public function invalidate():void{ invalidateModels(); invalidatePlanes(); } public function invalidatePlanes():void{ planeBounds = new Dictionary(true); } public function invalidateTargets():void{ numberRefs = new Dictionary(true); targetBounds = new Dictionary(true); } public function invalidateModels():void{ models = new Dictionary(true); invalidateTargets(); } private function get2dPoint(pos3D:Number3D, min3D:Number3D, size3D:Number3D, movieSize:Point):Point{ return new Point((pos3D.x-min3D.x)/size3D.x*movieSize.x, ((-pos3D.y-min3D.y)/size3D.y*movieSize.y)); } private function projectVertex(v:Vertex3D, light:Number3D, invMat:Matrix3D, world:Matrix3D):Number3D{ var pos:Number3D = vertexRefs[v]; if(pos) return pos; var n:Number3D = numberRefs[v]; if(!n){ n = new Number3D(v.x, v.y, v.z); Matrix3D.multiplyVector(world, n); Matrix3D.multiplyVector(invMat, n); numberRefs[v] = n; } if(_type == SPOTLIGHT){ lightRay.x = light.x; lightRay.y = light.y; lightRay.z = light.z; }else{ lightRay.x = n.x-dir.x; lightRay.y = n.y-dir.y; lightRay.z = n.z-dir.z; } pos = p3d.getIntersectionLineNumbers(lightRay, n); vertexRefs[v] = pos; return pos; } } } package designLab.utils { public class LayerConstant { public const INTRO:String = "INTRO"; // Intro layer string constant } }*emphasized text*

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