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How to force mdadm to stop RAID5 array?

- by lucek

I have /dev/md127 RAID5 array that consisted of four drives. I managed to hot remove them from the array and currently /dev/md127 does not have any drives: cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : active raid1 sdd1[0] sda1[1] 304052032 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] md1 : active raid0 sda5[1] sdd5[0] 16770048 blocks super 1.2 512k chunks md127 : active raid5 super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/0] [____] unused devices: <none> and mdadm --detail /dev/md127 /dev/md127: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Thu Sep 6 10:39:57 2012 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 8790402048 (8383.18 GiB 9001.37 GB) Used Dev Size : 2930134016 (2794.39 GiB 3000.46 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 0 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Fri Sep 7 17:19:47 2012 State : clean, FAILED Active Devices : 0 Working Devices : 0 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 512K Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 0 0 0 removed 1 0 0 1 removed 2 0 0 2 removed 3 0 0 3 removed I've tried to do mdadm --stop /dev/md127 but: mdadm --stop /dev/md127 mdadm: Cannot get exclusive access to /dev/md127:Perhaps a running process, mounted filesystem or active volume group? I made sure that it's unmounted, umount -l /dev/md127 and confirmed that it indeed is unmounted: umount /dev/md127 umount: /dev/md127: not mounted I've tried to zero superblock of each drive and I get (for each drive): mdadm --zero-superblock /dev/sde1 mdadm: Unrecognised md component device - /dev/sde1 Here's output of lsof|grep md127: lsof|grep md127 md127_rai 276 root cwd DIR 9,0 4096 2 / md127_rai 276 root rtd DIR 9,0 4096 2 / md127_rai 276 root txt unknown /proc/276/exe What else can I do? LVM is not even installed so it can't be a factor.

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Malicious content on server - next steps advice [closed]

- by Under435

Possible Duplicate: My server's been hacked EMERGENCY I just got an e-mail from my hosting company that they got a report of malicious content being hosted on my vps. I was unaware of this and started looking into it. I discovered a file called /var/www/mysite.com/osc.htm. Soon after I discovered some weird php files wp-includes.php and ndlist.php both recognized as being PHP/WebShell.A.1 virus. I removed all these files but I'm unsure of what to do next. Can anyone help me analyze the output below of sudo netstat -A inet -p -e and give advice on what's best to do next. Thanks very much in advance Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State User Inode PID/Program name tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:mysql localhost.localdo:37495 TIME_WAIT root 0 - tcp 0 1 mysite.com:50524 xnacreators.net:smtp SYN_SENT Debian-exim 69746 25848/exim4 tcp 0 0 mysite.com:www tha165.thehealtha:37065 TIME_WAIT root 0 - tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:37494 localhost.localdo:mysql TIME_WAIT root 0 - udp 0 0 mysite.com:59447 merlin.ensma.fr:ntp ESTABLISHED ntpd 3769 2522/ntpd udp 0 0 mysite.com:36432 beast.syus.org:ntp ESTABLISHED ntpd 4357 2523/ntpd udp 0 0 mysite.com:48212 formularfetischiste:ntp ESTABLISHED ntpd 3768 2522/ntpd udp 0 0 mysite.com:46690 formularfetischiste:ntp ESTABLISHED ntpd 4354 2523/ntpd udp 0 0 mysite.com:35009 stratum-2-core-a.qu:ntp ESTABLISHED ntpd 4356 2523/ntpd udp 0 0 mysite.com:58702 stratum-2-core-a.qu:ntp ESTABLISHED ntpd 3770 2522/ntpd udp 0 0 mysite.com:49583 merlin.ensma.fr:ntp ESTABLISHED ntpd 4355 2523/ntpd udp 0 0 mysite.com:56290 beast.syus.org:ntp ESTABLISHED ntpd 3771 2522/ntpd

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Why can't I see all of the client certificates available when I visit my web site locally on Windows 7 IIS 7?

- by Jay

My team has recently moved to Windows 7 for our developer machines. We are attempting to configure IIS for application testing. Our application requires SSL and client certificates in order to authenticate. What I've done: I have configured IIS to require SSL and require (and tried accept) certificates under SSL Settings. I have created the https binding and set it to the proper server certificate. I've installed all the root and intermediate chain certificates for the soft certificates properly in current user and local machine stores. The problem When I browse to the web site, the SSL connection is established and I am prompted to choose a certificate. The issue is that the certificate is one that is created by my company that would be invalid for use in the application. I am not given the soft certificates that I have installed using MMC and IE. We are able to utilize the soft certs from our development machines to our Windows 2008 servers that host the application. What I did: I have attempted to copy the Root CA to every folder location for the Current User and Location Machine account stores that the company certificate's root is in. My questions: Could I be mishandling the certs anywhere else? Could there be a local/group policy that could be blocking the other certs from use? What (if anything) should have to be done differently on Windows 7 from 2008 in regards to IIS? Thanks for your help.

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Failing to load rootfs: Ubuntu 10 + grub2 + rootfs ext4 w/ RAID1

- by James

I am having problems booting a new Ubuntu 10 (server) install. My primary HD (/dev/sda) is laid out as follows: Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 18 144553+ 83 Linux <-- /BOOT /dev/sda2 19 182401 1464991447+ 5 Extended /dev/sda5 19 2207 17583111 fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sda6 2208 11934 78132096 fd Linux raid autodetect <-- / (ROOTFS) /dev/sda7 11935 182401 1369276146 fd Linux raid autodetect The rootfs is part of a RAID1 (software) array (currently degraded): # cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md2 : active raid1 sda6[1] 78132032 blocks [2/1] [_U] The UUIDs for the partitions are as follows: # blkid /dev/sda1 /dev/sda1: UUID="b25dd301-41b9-4f4d-9b0a-0e31713dd74c" TYPE="ext2" # blkid /dev/sda6 /dev/sda6: UUID="af7b9ede-fa53-c0c1-74be-31ec752c5cd5" TYPE="linux_raid_member" # blkid /dev/md2 /dev/md2: UUID="a0602d42-6855-482f-870c-6f6ecdcdae3f" TYPE="ext4" Finally, I have my grub2 menuentry setup as follows: ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.32-25-server' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { insmod ext2 insmod raid insmod mdraid set root='(hd0,1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set b25dd301-41b9-4f4d-9b0a-0e31713dd74c linux /vmlinuz-2.6.32-25-server root=UUID=a0602d42-6855-482f-870c-6f6ecdcdae3f ro nosplash noplymouth initrd /initrd.img-2.6.32-25-server } When I attempt to boot, grub loads OK, however I eventually get the following error message: Gave up waiting for root device. ALERT /dev/disk/by-uuid/a0602d42-6855-482f-870c-6f6ecdcdae3f does not exist. Dropping to a shell! If from the grub bootloader I open a grub command line, I can ls (hd0,) and it lists the correct partitions with the UUIDs as shown above - sda6 shows 'a0602d42-6855-482f-870c-6f6ecdcdae3f' (the RAID UUID). If I ls (md2)/ it properly lists all the files on the RAID1 filesystem (ext4) so it doesn't appear to be an issue accessing the raid device. Does anyone have any suggestions as to what the problem might be? I can't figure this one out.

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NginX & Munin - Location and error 404

- by user1684189

I've a server that running nginx+php-fpm with this simple configuration: server { listen 80; server_name ipoftheserver; access_log /var/www/default/logs/access.log; error_log /var/www/default/logs/error.log; location / { root /var/www/default/public_html; index index.html index.htm index.php; } location ^~ /munin/ { root /var/cache/munin/www/; index index.html index.htm index.php; } location ~\.php$ { include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/default/public_html$fastcgi_script_name; } } but when I open ipoftheserver/munin/ I recieve a 404 error (when I request ipoftheserver/ the files on /var/www/default/public_html are listened correctly) Munin is installed and works perfectly. If I remove this configuration and I use this another one all works good (but not in the /munin/ directory): server { server_name ipoftheserver; root /var/cache/munin/www/; location / { index index.html; access_log off; } } How to fix? Many thanks for your help

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Almost All Xenserver Logical Volumes Disappeared - Recovery?

- by Alex

We had a hard disc crash of one of two hard discs in a software raid with a LVM on top. The server is running Citrix xenserver. On the hard disk which is still intact, the volume group gets detected well, but only one LV is left. (some hashes replaced by "x") # lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Name /dev/VG_XenStorage-x-x-x-x-408b91acdcae/MGT VG Name VG_XenStorage-x-x-x-x-408b91acdcae LV UUID x-x-x-x-x-x-vQmZ6C LV Write Access read/write LV Status available # open 0 LV Size 4.00 MiB Current LE 1 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 root@rescue ~ # vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name VG_XenStorage-x-x-x-x-408b91acdcae System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 1 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 698.62 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 178848 Alloc PE / Size 1 / 4.00 MiB Free PE / Size 178847 / 698.62 GiB VG UUID x-x-x-x-x-x-53w0kL I could understand if a full physical volume is lost - but why only the logical volumes? Is there any explanation for this? Is there any way to recover the logical volumes? EDIT We are here in a rescue system. The problem is that the whole server does not boot (GRUB error 22) What we are trying to do is to access the root filesystem. But everything was in the LVM. We have only this: (parted) print Model: ATA SAMSUNG HD753LJ (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 750GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 32.3kB 750GB 750GB primary boot, lvm And this 750GB LVM volume is exactly what we see on top. edit2 Output of vgcfgrestore, but from the rescue system, as there is no root to chroot to. # vgcfgrestore --list VG_XenStorage-x-b4b0-x-x-408b91acdcae File: /etc/lvm/archive/VG_XenStorage-x-x-x-x-408b91acdcae_00000.vg VG name: VG_XenStorage-x-x-x-x-408b91acdcae Description: Created *before* executing '/sbin/vgscan --ignorelockingfailure --mknodes' Backup Time: Fri Jun 28 23:53:20 2013 File: /etc/lvm/backup/VG_XenStorage-x-x-x-x-408b91acdcae VG name: VG_XenStorage-x-x-x-x-408b91acdcae Description: Created *after* executing '/sbin/vgscan --ignorelockingfailure --mknodes' Backup Time: Fri Jun 28 23:53:20 2013

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Creating a partitioned raid1 array for booting a debian squeeze system

- by gucki

I'd like to have the following raid1 (mirror) setup: /dev/md0 consists of /dev/sda and /dev/sdb I created this raid1 device using mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --auto=yes --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sda /dev/sdb This gave a warning about metadata being 1.2 and my system might not boot. I cannot use 0.9 because it restricts the size of the raid to 2TB and I assume grub shipped with latest debian (squeeze) should be able to handle metadata 1.2. So then I created the needed partitions like this: # creating new label (partition table) parted -s /dev/md0 mklabel 'msdos' # creating partitions sfdisk -uM /dev/md0 << EOF 0,4096 ,1024,S ; EOF # making root filesystem mkfs -t ext4 -L boot -m 0 /dev/md0p1 # making swap filesystem mkswap /dev/md0p2 # making data filesystem mkfs -t ext4 -L data /dev/md0p3 Then I mounted the root partition, copied a minimal debian install inside and temporary mounted /dev /proc /sys. Afer this I chrooted to the new root folder and executed: grub-install --no-floppy --recheck /dev/md0 However this fails badly with: /usr/sbin/grub-probe: error: unknown filesystem. Auto-detection of a filesystem of /dev/md0p1 failed. Please report this together with the output of "/usr/sbin/grub-probe --device-map=/boot/grub/device.map --target=fs -v /boot/grub" to I don't think it's a bug in grub (so I didn't report it yet) but a fault of mine. So I really wonder how to properly setup my raid1, everything I tried so far failed.

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Lighttpd + django on gentoo 10 seconds to answer

- by plaetzchen

I want to run a Django site on a lighttpd with fastcgi on a gentoo machine. Everytime I try to access the site I get a response after more or less exactly 10 seconds. Im using a socket to let lighttpd communicate with my Django site, but a tcp port doesn't help either. Could this be a lighttpd problem? I tried to both from a server in the internet as well as from localost, this is what lighttpd gives me in the error.log 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.300) -- splitting Request-URI 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.301) Request-URI : / 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.302) URI-scheme : http 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.303) URI-authority: owntube 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.304) URI-path : / 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.305) URI-query : 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.300) -- splitting Request-URI 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.301) Request-URI : /owntube.fcgi/ 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.302) URI-scheme : http 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.303) URI-authority: owntube 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.304) URI-path : /owntube.fcgi/ 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.305) URI-query : 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.349) -- sanatising URI 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.350) URI-path : /owntube.fcgi/ 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (mod_access.c.135) -- mod_access_uri_handler called 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (mod_fastcgi.c.3632) handling it in mod_fastcgi 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.470) -- before doc_root 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.471) Doc-Root : /var/www/owntube 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.472) Rel-Path : /owntube.fcgi 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.473) Path : 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.521) -- after doc_root 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.522) Doc-Root : /var/www/owntube 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.523) Rel-Path : /owntube.fcgi 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.524) Path : /var/www/owntube/owntube.fcgi 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.541) -- logical -> physical 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.542) Doc-Root : /var/www/owntube 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.543) Rel-Path : /owntube.fcgi 2012-07-10 14:36:36: (response.c.544) Path : /var/www/owntube/owntube.fcgi

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Setting umask for all users

- by Yarin

I'm trying to set the default umask to 002 for all users including root on my CentOS box. According to this and other answers, this can be achieved by editing /etc/profile. However the comments at the top of that file say: It's NOT a good idea to change this file unless you know what you are doing. It's much better to create a custom.sh shell script in /etc/profile.d/ to make custom changes to your environment, as this will prevent the need for merging in future updates. So I went ahead and created the following file: /etc/profile.d/myapp.sh with the single line: umask 002 Now, when I create a file logged in as root, the file is born with 664 permissions, the way I had hoped. But files created by my Apache wsgi application, or files created with sudo, still default to 644 permissions... $ touch newfile (as root): Result = 664 (Works) $ sudo touch newfile: Result = 644 (Doesn't work) Files created by Apache wsgi app: Result = 644 (Doesn't work) Files created by Python's RotatingFileHandler: Result = 644 (Doesn't work) Why is this happening, and how can I ensure 664 file permissions system wide, no matter what creates the file? UPDATE: I ended up finding a cleaner solution to this on a per-directory basis using ACLs, which I describe here.

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How to verify TRIM/discard on encrypted swap?

- by svarni

I am using an encrypted swap partition via ecryptfs-setup-swap on my Ubuntu 13.04 computer using a SSD. I have manually set up trim for my ext4 root partition (simply by adding the "discard" option in /etc/fstab). I also manually ran fstrim on the root partition prior to booting and using dstat I saw that for a few seconds several GB/s of data have been written to the disk. That was presumably the effect of the trim command. These high writerates are reproducable by deleting huge files and have not occured before setting up trim, so I take them as evidence for working trim/discard. Manually enabling trim on my root partition has stopped the wearout of my precious new disk from 365 used reserved blocks (out of 6176 total) within three months down to 0 additional used reserved blocks within three additional months (data from SMART attributes). Because I want to minimize the wearout of my SSD I now would like to know whether my swap partition (which is encrypted using ecryptfs-setup-swap) also makes use of the trim/discard option. I tried sudo swapon -d -v /dev/mapper/cryptswap1 but did not receive particular information ("-v") about whether trim/discard ("-d") was applied. If unsupported, i would expect a message. Then I tried sudo dd if=/dev/sda6 count=1 BS=1M | xxd | less directly after booting and when no swapspace was used but I saw not only zeroes. I assume, when looking at freshly trimmed regions, the disk would send zeroes instead of reading random sectors (and according to some forums, (unencrypted) swap space is trimmed once upon boot). Long story short: Are there any ideas on how to test if trim is effectively used for my encrypted swap? And if not, any ideas on how to - at least manually, for once - trim the whole swap space? I wouldn't want to tinker with the partition itself, because I dont know if it needs to be reinitialized as (encrypted) swap - I dont want to be left with an unbootable system :)

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moving files and directories between two machine, via a third, preserving permissions and usernames

- by Jarmund

The situation is as follows: Machine A has a file repository accessible via rsync Machine B needs the above mentioned files with all permissions and ownerships intact (including groups etc) Machine C has access to both A and B, but has a completely different set of users. Normally, i would just rsync everything over, directly between A and B, but due to severely limited bandwidth at the moment, i need something different, as rsync times out after building the list of the 430 files (49Mb uncompressed... can be compressed down to ~7Mb). What i've tried so far: rsync everything over from A to C, tar it, copy the tarball over, and then untar it, however, this messes up the ownership and/or the permissions. To rsync it from A to C, i run this command: rsync --numeric-ids --password-file=/root/rsync_pwd_file -oaPvu rsync://[email protected]/portal_2/ ./portal_2/ ...and from the looks of things, they do end up on C with the correct ownerships/permissions/flags/everything (not 100% sure, though.. are there any more switches i can throw in there? did i miss something?) copying the tarball over is simple enough (slow as a one-legged turtle due to the bandwidth, but it checksums out alright) What i'm unsure of is the flags and switches for creating and extracting the tarball, so could someone please provide the full commands for creating a tarball from /root/portal_2 on machine C (with everything intact) and extracting the tarball into /var/ex/portal_2 on machine B? ? Also, are there any other approaches worth mentioning that could allow me to perform this? I have root access to A and C, whereas i only have rsync access to B. PS: I'm running rsync v2.6.9 on machine B, and unfortunately i do not have the oportunity to upgrade to v3

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nginx codeigniter rewrite: Controller name conflicts with directory

- by palerdot

I'm trying out nginx and porting my existing apache configuration to nginx. I have managed to reroute the codeigniter url's successfully, but I'm having a problem with one particular controller whose name coincides with a directory in site root. I managed to make my codeigniter url's work as it did in Apache except that, I have a particular url say http://localhost/hello which coincides with a hello directory in site root. Apache had no problem with this. But nginx routes to this directory instead of the controller. My reroute structure is as follows http://host_name/incoming_url => http://host_name/index.php/incoming_url All the codeigniter files are in site root. My nginx configuration (relevant parts) location / { # First attempt to serve request as file, then # as directory, then fall back to index.html index index.php index.html index.htm; try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php/$request_uri; #apache rewrite rule conversion if (!-e $request_filename){ rewrite ^(.*)/?$ /index.php?/$1 last; } # Uncomment to enable naxsi on this location # include /etc/nginx/naxsi.rules } location ~ \.php.*$ { fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$; # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini # With php5-cgi alone: fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # With php5-fpm: #fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi_params; } I'm new to nginx and I need help in figuring out this directory conflict with the Controller name. I figured this configuration from various sources in the web, and any better way of writing my configuration is greatly appreciated.

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shared hosting with malware, .htaccess file gets modified every 2 hours or so

- by apache

I spent all day today chasing malware on the shared hosting for one of my clients. The issue is as follows: Every 2 hours or so .htaccess file and all other .htaccess files gets modified, on the top of the file these lines are added: IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} ^.*(google|ask|yahoo|youtube|wikipedia|excite|altavista|msn|aol|goto|infoseek|lycos|search|bing|dogpile|facebook|twitter|live|myspace|linkedin|flickr)\.(.*) RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://pasla-ghwoo.ru/rqpgfap?8 [R=301,L] </IfModule> and on the bottom: ErrorDocument 400 http://pasla-ghwoo.ru/rqpgfap?8 ErrorDocument 401 http://pasla-ghwoo.ru/rqpgfap?8 ErrorDocument 403 http://pasla-ghwoo.ru/rqpgfap?8 ErrorDocument 404 http://pasla-ghwoo.ru/rqpgfap?8 ErrorDocument 500 http://pasla-ghwoo.ru/rqpgfap?8 The main problem I'm not root on the server, and cannot sudo, as this is shared hosting with 100's of websites. Typical good commands like dmesg, lsof, dtrace, chattr and many others are not available to me as I'm not root. I can't find who is modifying .htaccess files, how do I get that info? My guess is some php script is changing that which is called from outside via command and control. This seems to relate to this: http://blog.unmaskparasites.com/2009/09/11/dynamic-dns-and-botnet-of-zombie-web-servers/ How do I find out who is modifying .htaccess files without being root?

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Having trouble with a workaround, for booting from a usb stick, using grub and a minimal linux kernel to load usb drivers

- by s hanley

I'm trying to boot from a usb stick. I formatted it to fat32, and later to ext2, and installed dsl on it using unetbootin, and later the usb install guide on dsl wiki (http://www.damnsmalllinux.org/wiki/index.php/Install_to_USB_From_within_Linux). The bios doesn't have a setting for booting from usb. Grub doesn't "see" the usb drive when I use the root and find commands, explained in (http://www.damnsmalllinux.org/wiki/index.php/USB_Booting). This happens even when I set boot from floppy at the top of the boot order. However, my usb keyboard is recognised by the bios and by grub. How can it recognise the keyboard but not the usb drive? Also, the usb led does flash even before grub starts up, so surely something must be happening usb-wise? I am now following an ubuntu guide to booting from a USB stick, using a hdd-based, minimal linux kernel to supply the usb drivers. But I'm having difficulty adapting it to other OSes (slax/dsl/aptosid). I believe I have to alter the initrd.gz file to include usb drivers and then copy that file along with vmlinuz to a partition on my hdd. But, what's the grub command for the kernel line supposed to look like? From the ubuntu example it's: title USB FLASH DRIVE root (hd0,6) kernel /boot/usb-boot/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper noprompt cdrom-detect/try-usb=true persistent initrd /boot/usb-boot/initrd.lz boot Should mine just be: title USB FLASH DRIVE root (hd0,6) kernel /boot/usb-boot/vmlinuz cdrom-detect/try-usb=true initrd /boot/usb-boot/initrd.lz boot

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IIS 7.0 rewrite url problem

- by Jouni Pekkola

Hello, How i can set redirect url for virtual directory in iis 7.0.I have installed lates url rewrite module 2. ? I could explain my problem with exsample. I have website on my iis 7.0 server: www.mysite.com I desided to create virtual directory sales under my site which is pointing to website root directory.Now I need create redirect url for the vdir. The vdir is pointing same virtual root directory as my site root is The big idea is that i can write on browser www.mysite/sales and i will automaticly redirect to url www.mysite.com?productid=200. I tried to make redirect with rewite url for vdir(not website), but I always get this error message : cannot add duplicate colletion entry of type 'rule' with unique key key attribute 'name' set to "test".This happens when i am pointing for virtual vdir and try to add rule. I can add rules to website level,but rules doesn work. I mean url www.mysite/sales gives me follwing error. I know that key is unique I checked it from web.config. This kind of feature was really easy use in IIS 6.0, just point vdir with your mouse and set properties--a redirect to url. Please some one explain what is right way to do it in IIS 7.0

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Server not resolving after restart

- by DomainSoil

I restarted our server today, and now cannot for the life of me get anything to resolve... I suspect it has something to do with our routes. I've tried numerous Google results to no avail. Here is as far as I've gotten: [root@www ~]# route -n Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.1.101 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 eth1 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.101 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 Things you need to know: Our server (CentOS 6.3) runs two virtual machines, one live, and one development. They mirror each other as much as possible, but I can't find where I've went wrong with the live server. The dev server works fine. [root@www ~]# ifconfig eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx inet6 addr: xxxx:xxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:118206 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:165 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:7825749 (7.4 Mib) TX bytes:7146 (69.2 KiB) Interrupt:28 [root@www ~]# /etc/init.d/network status Configured devices: lo Auto eth0 Currently active devices: lo eth1 If there is any other information you need, please don't hesitate to ask!

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postfix revived and delivered have the same values (?)

- by thinkingbig

I have configured my first server (Debian with ISPConfig). Generally i want to send bulk e-mails to our users, i configure postfix and turn on postfix... but... After 1 hour of sending emails i have logs like this: Grand Totals messages 21886 received 21883 delivered 0 forwarded 0 deferred 234 bounced 0 rejected (0%) 0 reject warnings 0 held 0 discarded (0%) 30805k bytes received 31280k bytes delivered 3 senders 3 sending hosts/domains 12588 recipients 3 recipient hosts/domains Per-Hour Traffic Summary time received delivered deferred bounced rejected -------------------------------------------------------------------- 0000-0100 0 0 0 0 0 0100-0200 0 0 0 0 0 0200-0300 0 0 0 0 0 0300-0400 0 0 0 0 0 0400-0500 0 0 0 0 0 0500-0600 0 0 0 0 0 0600-0700 0 0 0 0 0 0700-0800 0 0 0 0 0 0800-0900 0 0 0 0 0 0900-1000 0 0 0 0 0 1000-1100 0 0 0 0 0 1100-1200 0 0 0 0 0 1200-1300 0 0 0 0 0 1300-1400 0 0 0 0 0 1400-1500 0 0 0 0 0 1500-1600 15311 15306 0 168 0 1600-1700 6575 6577 0 66 0 1700-1800 0 0 0 0 0 1800-1900 0 0 0 0 0 1900-2000 0 0 0 0 0 2000-2100 0 0 0 0 0 2100-2200 0 0 0 0 0 2200-2300 0 0 0 0 0 2300-2400 0 0 0 0 0 Host/Domain Summary: Message Delivery sent cnt bytes defers avg dly max dly host/domain 21521 30353k 0 3.4 m 15.5 m wp.pl 355 919k 0 54.9 s 13.0 m mysenderdomainexample.pl 7 8477 0 1.7 s 1.9 s prokonto.pl Host/Domain Summary: Messages Received msg cnt bytes host/domain 21879 30786k mysenderdomainexample.pl 5 16196 mx4.wp.pl 1 3200 mx3.wp.pl Senders by message count 21783 [email protected] 96 [email protected] 6 from=< **So, my question is: 1) Why i have recived and delivered have the same values (approx)? 2) How can I check if an email has been delivered? 3) How to change default "root" and "www-data" user (FROM / RETURN PATH) to another? I have changed this in script, but postfix ignore scripting values and send every mail from root (we have .php send cron's in /etc/crontab) 4) WHY APPROX 100 % MAILS RECIVED HAS BEEN ADRESED TO MY SENDER HOST? Host/Domain Summary: Messages Received Waiting for respond, Regards TB**

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How to deal with ssh's "WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED!"?

- by Vi.

I often need to login to multiple remote stations that are just placed to the same static IPs for me. SSH complains about changed keys in this case: $ ssh [email protected] @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ @ WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED! @ @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ ... Offending RSA key in /home/vi/.ssh/known_hosts:70 ... I usually just run vim /home/vi/.ssh/known_hosts +70, dd wq and re-run the SSH command. How to do it simpler? Requirements: The warning should be displayed, and not like this: The authenticity of host '172.1.2.3 (172.1.2.3)' can't be established. It is easy to accept the key change. I expect something like this: $ ssh [email protected] @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ @ WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED! @ @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ ... The fingerprint for the RSA key sent by the remote host is 82:cd:be:7a:ae:1b:91:2c:23:c1:74:4d:8a:38:10:32. Change the host key in /home/vi/.ssh/known_hosts (yes/no)? yes Warning: Changed host key for '172.1.2.3' (RSA) in the list of known hosts. [email protected]'s password: Simple and differs from usual "The authenticity of host can't be established." message.

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Nginx + PHPBB3 reverse proxy images problem

- by siberiano

Hello all I have a problem with my Nginx Frontend + Apache2 backend + PHPBB3 software. It doesn't load the CSS and the images neither. I get constant errors like these: 2010/04/14 16:57:25 [error] 13365#0: *69 open() "/var/www/foo/styles/styles/coffee_time/theme/large.css" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 83.44.175.237, server: www.foo.com, request: "GET /styles/coffee_time/theme/large.css HTTP/1.1", host: "www.foo.com", referrer: "http://www.foo.com/viewforum.php?f=43" This is my config of the site: server { listen 80; server_name www.foo.com; access_log /var/log/nginx/foo.access.log; # serve static files directly location ~* ^.+.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|ico)$ { access_log off; expires 30d; root /var/www/trasteando/; } location / { root /var/www/foo/; index /var/www/foo/index.php; } # proxy the PHP scripts to predefined upstream .apache. # location ~ .php$ { proxy_pass http://apache; } location /styles/ { root /var/www/foo/styles/; }

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Questions about NGINX limit_req_zone

- by Meteor

I got a problem with NGINX limit_req_zone. Anyone can help? The problem is that, I want to limit user access to some specific URL, for example: /forum.php?mod=forumdisplay? /forum.php?mod=viewthread&*** But, I do want to add an exception for below URL, /forum.php?mod=image&* Below is the location section of my configuration, the problem is that, for URL started with /forum.php?mod=image&*, the limitation is still applied. Any body can help? location ~*^/forum.php?mod=image$ { root /web/www; fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/nginx.socket; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } location ~*^/(home|forum|portal).php$ { root /web/www; limit_conn addr 5; limit_req zone=refresh burst=5 nodelay; fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/nginx.socket; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } location ~ \.php$ { root /web/www; fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/nginx.socket; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; }

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How to add a user to Wheel group?

- by Natasha Thapa

I am trying to add a use to wheel group using in a Ubuntu server. sudo usermod -aG wheel john I get: usermod: group 'wheel' does not exist On my /etc/sudoers I have this: > cat /etc/sudoers > # sudoers file. > # > # This file MUST be edited with the 'visudo' command as root. > # > # See the sudoers man page for the details on how to write a sudoers file. > # > > # Host alias specification > > # User alias specification > > # Cmnd alias specification > > # Defaults specification > > # User privilege specification root ALL=(ALL) ALL %root ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL > > %wheel ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL Do I have to do groupadd of wheel?

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using nginx with proxy_pass on a subdomain

- by marcus3006

a have a rails app that should listen on the subdomain redmine.example.com (using proxy_pass). all other requests for *.example.com should just redirect to a normal index.html. Here is my configuration: server { server_name www.example.com example.com; root /home/deploy/static/example; } upstream redmine { server unix:/tmp/redmine.socket fail_timeout=0; } server { # you could put a list of other domain names this application answers server_name redmine.example.com; root /home/deploy/rails/redmine/public; access_log /var/log/nginx/redmine_access.log; rewrite_log on; location * { proxy_pass http://redmine; } location ~ ^/(assets)/ { root /home/deploy/rails/redmine/public; gzip_static on; # to serve pre-gzipped version expires max; add_header Cache-Control public; } } anyone knows what's going wrong here? requests to example.com and www.example.com are handled correctly. when i try to acces redmine.example.com = "couldn't resolve host"

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How to redirect a name-based VirtualHost to a different port?

- by Andra

I have a virtuoso sparql endpoint installed, which I want to make available through a hostname (e.g. www.virtuosoexample.com). The thing with virtuoso is that the is no Document root. The endpoint is initiated by the daemon and made available through a source port (e.g. localhost:1234/) I know how to set a virtual host pointing to a document root, but i don't know how to do this for a server with a port number. Any advice would be appreciated. Below is the code, how I would do it with a document root. I tried to change that (naively) into localhost:1234/sparql, but that didn't work <VirtualHost * ServerName www.virtuosoexample.com <www.virtuosoexample.com> ServerAlias www.virtuosoexample.com <www.virtuosoexample.com> ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.wp-sparql.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.wp-sparql.log combined DocumentRoot /var/www/endpoint/sparql/ <Directory /var/www/endpoint/sparql> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride All Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost

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ProxyPass for specific vhost

- by Steve Robbins

I have a web server that it set up to dynamically server different document roots for different domains <VirtualHost *:80> <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> # Stage sites :: www.[document root].server.company.com => /home/www/[document root] RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.[^.]+\.server\.company\.com$ RewriteRule ^(.+) %{HTTP_HOST}$1 [C] RewriteRule ^www\.([^.]+)\.server\.company\.com(.*) /home/www/$1/$2 [L] </IfModule> </VirtualHost> This makes it so that www.foo.server.company.com will serve the document root of server.company.com:/home/www/foo/ For one of these sites, I need to add a ProxyPass, but I only want it to be applied to that one site. I tried something like <VirtualHost *:80> <Directory /home/www/foo> UseCanonicalName Off ProxyPreserveHost On ProxyRequests Off ProxyPass /services http://www-test.foo.com/services ProxyPassReverse /services http://www-test.foo.com/services </Directory> </VirtualHost> But then I get these errors ProxyPreserveHost not allowed here ProxyPass|ProxyPassMatch can not have a path when defined in a location. How can I set up a ProxyPass for a single virtual host?

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Nagios send mail when server is down

- by tzulberti

I am using nagios 3.06 to monitor the servers. When a service is critical, it sends a mail, but when a server is down no mail is sent. Even if all the services go to critical state, no mail is sent. I have the following configuration: define command { command_name notify-host-by-email command_line python /etc/nagios3/send_mail.py "[Nagios] $HOSTNAME$" "******** Nagios ****\n\n Host: $HOSTNAME$\n Description: the server is down" } define command{ command_name notify-service-by-email command_line python /etc/nagios3/send_mail.py "[Nagios] $HOSTNAME$: $SERVICEDESC$ ($NOTIFICATIONTYPE$)" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\nService: $SERVICEDESC$\nHost: $HOSTALIAS$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nState: $SERVICESTATE$\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\nAdditional Info:$SERVICEOUTPUT$" } The python script is a script to sent a mail. It works if I execute it from the command line, but it doesn't sents an email from nagios. What I am doing wrong? UPDATE: The contact data is: define contact{ contact_name root alias Root service_notification_period 24x7 host_notification_period 24x7 service_notification_options w,u,c,r host_notification_options d,r service_notification_commands notify-service-by-email host_notification_commands notify-host-by-email email [email protected] } define contactgroup{ contactgroup_name admins alias Nagios Administrators members root }

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