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  • Technique to have screen independent grid based puzzle with sprite animation

    - by Yan Cheng CHEOK
    Hello all, let's say I have a fixed size grid puzzle game (8 x 10). I will be using sprites animation, when the "pieces" in the puzzle is moving from one grid to another grid. I was wondering, what is the technique to have this game being implemented as screen resolution independent. Here is what I plan to do. 1) The data structure coordinate will be represented using double, with 1.0 as max value. // Puzzle grid of 8 x 10 Environment { double width = 0.8; double height = 1.0; } // Location of Sprite at coordinate (1, 1) Sprite { double posX = 0.1; double posY = 0.1; double width = 0.1; double height = 0.1; } // scale = PYSICAL_SCREEN_SIZE drawBitmap ( sprite_image, sprite_image_rect, new Rect(sprite.posX * Scale, sprite.posY * Scale, (sprite.posX + sprite.width) * Scale, (sprite.posY + sprite.Height) * Scale), paint ); 2) A large size sprite image will be used (128x128). As sprite image shall look fine if we scale from large size down to small size, but not vice versa. Besides the above mentioned technique, is there any other consideration I had missed out?

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  • Performance issues with visibility detection and object transparency

    - by maul
    I'm working on a 3d game that has a view similar to classic isometric games (diablo, etc.). One of the things I'm trying to implement is the effect of turning walls transparent when the player walks behind them. By itself this is not a huge issue, but I'm having trouble determining which walls should be transparent exactly. I can't use a circle or square mask. There are a lot of cases where the wall piece at the same (relative) position has different visibility depending on the surrounding area. With the help of a friend I came up with this algorithm: Create a grid around the player that contains a lot of "visibility points" (my game is semi tile-based so I create one point for every tile on the grid) - the size of the square's side is close to the radius where I make objects transparent. I found 6x6 to be a good value, so that's 36 visibility points total. For every visibility point on the grid, check if that point is in the player's line of sight. For every visibility point that is in the LOS, cast a ray from the camera to that point and mark all objects the ray hits as transparent. This algorithm works - not perfectly, but only requires some tuning - however this is very slow. As you can see, it requries 36 ray casts minimum, but most of the time 60-70 depending on the position. That's simply too much for the CPU. Is there a better way to do this? I'm using Unity 3D but I'm not looking for an engine-specific solution.

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  • LibGdx efficient data saving/loading?

    - by grimrader22
    Currently, my LibGDX game consists of a 512 x 512 map of Tiles and entities such as players and monsters. I am wondering how to efficiently save and load the data of my levels. At the moment I am using JSON serialization for each class I want to save. I implement the Json.Serializable interface for all of these classes and write only the variables that are necessary. So my map consists of 512 x 512 tiles, that's 260,000 tiles. Each tile on the map consists of a Tile object, which points to some final Tile object like a GRASS_TILE or a STONE_TILE. When I serialize each level tile, the final Tile that it points to is re-serialized over and over again, so if I have 100 Tiles all pointing to GRASS_TILE, the data of GRASS_TILE is written 100 times over. When I go to load/deserialize my objects, 100 GrassTile objects are created, but they are each their own object. They no longer point to the final tile object. I feel like this reading/writing files very slow. If I were to abandon JSON serialization, to my knowledge my next best option would be saving the level data to a sql database. Unless there is a way to speed up serializing/deserializing 260,000 tiles I may have to do this. Is this a good idea? Could I really write that many tiles to the database efficiently? To sum all this up, I am trying to save my levels using JSON serialization, but it is VERY slow. What other options do I have for saving the data of so many tiles. I also must note that the JSON serialization is not slow on a PC, it is only VERY slow on a mobile device. Since file writing/reading is so slow on mobile devices, what can I do?

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  • Refactoring this code that produces a reverse-lookup hash from another hash

    - by Frank Joseph Mattia
    This code is based on the idea of a Form Object http://blog.codeclimate.com/blog/2012/10/17/7-ways-to-decompose-fat-activerecord-models/ (see #3 if unfamiliar with the concept). My actual code in question may be found here: https://gist.github.com/frankjmattia/82a9945f30bde29eba88 The code takes a hash of objects/attributes and creates a reverse lookup hash to keep track of their delegations to do this. delegate :first_name, :email, to: :user, prefix: true But I am manually creating the delegations from a hash like this: DELEGATIONS = { user: [ :first_name, :email ] } At runtime when I want to look up the translated attribute names for the objects, all I have to go on are the delegated/prefixed (have to use a prefix to avoid naming collisions) attribute names like :user_first_name which aren't in sync with the rails i18n way of doing it: en: activerecord: attributes: user: email: 'Email Address' The code I have take the above delegations hash and turns it into a lookup table so when I override human_attribute_name I can get back the original attribute name and its class. Then I send #human_attribute_name to the original class with the original attribute name as its argument. The code I've come up with works but it is ugly to say the least. I've never really used #inject so this was a crash course for me and am quite unsure if this code effective way of solving my problem. Could someone recommend a simpler solution that does not require a reverse lookup table or does that seem like the right way to go? Thanks, - FJM

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  • How do I choose the scaling factor of a 3D game world?

    - by concept3d
    I am making a 3D tank game prototype with some physics simulation, am using C++. One of the decisions I need to make is the scale of the game world in relation to reality. For example, I could consider 1 in-game unit of measurement to correspond to 1 meter in reality. This feels intuitive, but I feel like I might be missing something. I can think of the following as potential problems: 3D modelling program compatibility. (?) Numerical accuracy. (Does this matter?) Especially at large scales, how games like Battlefield have huge maps: How don't they lose numerical accuracy if they use 1:1 mapping with real world scale, since floating point representation tend to lose more precision with larger numbers (e.g. with ray casting, physics simulation)? Gameplay. I don't want the movement of units to feel slow or fast while using almost real world values like -9.8 m/s^2 for gravity. (This might be subjective.) Is it ok to scale up/down imported assets or it's best fit with a world with its original scale? Rendering performance. Are large meshes with the same vertex count slower to render? I'm wondering if I should split this into multiple questions...

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  • Scale a game object to Bounds

    - by Spikeh
    I'm trying to scale a lot of dynamically created game objects in Unity3D to the bounds of a sphere collider, based on the size of their current mesh. Each object has a different scale and mesh size. Some are bigger than the AABB of the collider, and some are smaller. Here's the script I've written so far: private void ScaleToCollider(GameObject objectToScale, SphereCollider sphere) { var currentScale = objectToScale.transform.localScale; var currentSize = objectToScale.GetMeshHierarchyBounds().size; var targetSize = (sphere.radius * 2); var newScale = new Vector3 { x = targetSize * currentScale.x / currentSize.x, y = targetSize * currentScale.y / currentSize.y, z = targetSize * currentScale.z / currentSize.z }; Debug.Log("{0} Current scale: {1}, targetSize: {2}, currentSize: {3}, newScale: {4}, currentScale.x: {5}, currentSize.x: {6}", objectToScale.name, currentScale, targetSize, currentSize, newScale, currentScale.x, currentSize.x); //DoorDevice_meshBase Current scale: (0.1, 4.0, 3.0), targetSize: 5, currentSize: (2.9, 4.0, 1.1), newScale: (0.2, 5.0, 13.4), currentScale.x: 0.125, currentSize.x: 2.869114 //RedControlPanelForAirlock_meshBase Current scale: (1.0, 1.0, 1.0), targetSize: 5, currentSize: (0.0, 0.3, 0.2), newScale: (147.1, 16.7, 25.0), currentScale.x: 1, currentSize.x: 0.03400017 objectToScale.transform.localScale = newScale; } And the supporting extension method: public static Bounds GetMeshHierarchyBounds(this GameObject go) { var bounds = new Bounds(); // Not used, but a struct needs to be instantiated if (go.renderer != null) { bounds = go.renderer.bounds; // Make sure the parent is included Debug.Log("Found parent bounds: " + bounds); //bounds.Encapsulate(go.renderer.bounds); } foreach (var c in go.GetComponentsInChildren<MeshRenderer>()) { Debug.Log("Found {0} bounds are {1}", c.name, c.bounds); if (bounds.size == Vector3.zero) { bounds = c.bounds; } else { bounds.Encapsulate(c.bounds); } } return bounds; } After the re-scale, there doesn't seem to be any consistency to the results - some objects with completely uniform scales (x,y,z) seem to resize correctly, but others don't :| Its one of those things I've been trying to fix for so long I've lost all grasp on any of the logic :| Any help would be appreciated!

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  • Cloud computing - database loading question

    - by workwise
    Following is the situation, I want to know whether what I want is possible in cloud computing and is it the best way for me: 1) My main site has a Database with tables with millions of rows, and entries are added almost every second. 2) I will setup a mysql mirror, so there will be a backup database always in sync with the main one. 3) There are few tens of thousands of images- growing. So say total size of images few tens of gigabytes. I will be keeping the image data also in sync on the backup server. 4) There can be short periods where traffic can go 100X the average traffic. 5) I will be using memcache heavily - most database and even frequently used disk files/images will be in RAM. I want that the main site runs on a dedicated server. The backup server is say an Amazon EC2 instance. Now note that since it is live backup, I need to run a small instance continuously. I want that when I anticipate high traffic, I should be able to run a large instance on the cloud and transfer the traffic there. The main point is - I do not want to spend time in "loading" the database on the large instance, as it typically can take few minutes or even hours (experience). So is it possible to just scale the memory/CPU on demand, and not having to load the database or sync up the filesystem? I want to setup my backup scripts etc just ONCE. Thanks JP

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  • How do you stay productive when dealing with extremely badly written code?

    - by gaearon
    I don't have much experience in working in software industry, being self-taught and having participated in open source before deciding to take a job. Now that I work for money, I also have to deal with some unpleasant stuff, which is normal of course. Recently I was assigned to add logging to a large SharePoint project which is written by some programmer who obviously was learning to code on the job. After 2 years of collaboration, the client switched to our company, but the damage was done, and now somehow I need to maintain this code. Not that the code was too hard to read. Despite problems - each project has one class with several copy-pasted methods, enormous if nestings, Systems Hungarian, undisposed connections — it's still readable. However, I found myself absolutely unproductive despite working on something as simple as adding logging. Basically, I just need to go through the code step by step and add some trace calls. However, the idiocy of the code is so annoying that I get tired within 10 minutes of starting. In the beginning, I used to add using constructs, reduce nesting by reversing if's, rename the variables to readable names—but the project is large, and eventually I gave up. I know this is not the task I should be doing, but at least reducing the mess gave me some kind of psychological reward so I could keep going. Now the trick stopped working, and I still have 60% of my work to do. I started having headaches after work, and I no longer get the feeling of satisfaction I used to get - which would usually allow me to code for 10 hours straight and still feel fresh. This is not just one big rant, for I really do have an actual question: Is there a way to stay productive and not to fight the windmills? Is there some kind of psychological trick to stay focused on the task, instead of thinking “How stupid is that?” each time I see another clever trick by the previous programmer? The problem with adding logging is that I actually have to understand what the code does, and doing so hurts my brain in an unpleasant fashion.

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  • Advantages of Singleton Class over Static Class?

    Point 1) Singleton We can get the object of singleton and then pass to other methods. Static Class We can not pass static class to other methods as we pass objects Point 2) Singleton In future, it is easy to change the logic of of creating objects to some pooling mechanism. Static Class Very difficult to implement some pooling logic in case of static class. We would need to make that class as non-static and then make all the methods non-static methods, So entire your code needs to be changed. Point3:) Singleton Can Singletone class be inherited to subclass? Singleton class does not say any restriction of Inheritence. So we should be able to do this as long as subclass is also inheritence.There's nothing fundamentally wrong with subclassing a class that is intended to be a singleton. There are many reasons you might want to do it. and there are many ways to accomplish it. It depends on language you use. Static Class We can not inherit Static class to another Static class in C#. Think about it this way: you access static members via type name, like this: MyStaticType.MyStaticMember(); Were you to inherit from that class, you would have to access it via the new type name: MyNewType.MyStaticMember(); Thus, the new item bears no relationships to the original when used in code. There would be no way to take advantage of any inheritance relationship for things like polymorphism. span.fullpost {display:none;}

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  • Do you tend to write your own name or your company name in your code?

    - by Connell Watkins
    I've been working on various projects at home and at work, and over the years I've developed two main APIs that I use in almost all AJAX based websites. I've compiled both of these into DLLs and called the namespaces Connell.Database and Connell.Json. My boss recently saw these namespaces in a software documentation for a project for the company and said I shouldn't be using my own name in the code. (But it's my code!) One thing to bear in mind is that we're not a software company. We're an IT support company, and I'm the only full-time software developer here, so there's not really any procedures on how we should write software in the company. Another thing to bear in mind is that I do intend on one day releasing these DLLs as open-source projects. How do other developers group their namespaces within their company? Does anyone use the same class libraries in personal and in work projects? Also does this work the other way round? If I write a class library entirely at work, who owns that code? If I've seen the library through from start to finish, designed it and programmed it. Can I use that for another project at home? Thanks, Update I've spoken to my boss about this issue and he agrees that they're my objects and he's fine for me to open-source them. Before this conversation I started changing the objects anyway, which was actually quite productive and the code now suits this specific project more-so than it did previously. But thank you to everyone involved for a very interesting debate. I hope all this text isn't wasted and someone learns from it. I certainly did. Cheers,

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  • Bullet Physic: Transform body after adding

    - by Mathias Hölzl
    I would like to transform a rigidbody after adding it to the btDiscreteDynamicsWorld. When I use the CF_KINEMATIC_OBJECT flag I am able to transform it but it's static (no collision response/gravity). When I don't use the CF_KINEMATIC_OBJECT flag the transform doesn't gets applied. So how to I transform non-static objects in bullet? DemoCode: btBoxShape* colShape = new btBoxShape(btVector3(SCALING*1,SCALING*1,SCALING*1)); /// Create Dynamic Objects btTransform startTransform; startTransform.setIdentity(); btScalar mass(1.f); //rigidbody is dynamic if and only if mass is non zero, otherwise static bool isDynamic = (mass != 0.f); btVector3 localInertia(0,0,0); if (isDynamic) colShape->calculateLocalInertia(mass,localInertia); btDefaultMotionState* myMotionState = new btDefaultMotionState(); btRigidBody::btRigidBodyConstructionInfo rbInfo(mass,myMotionState,colShape,localInertia); btRigidBody* body = new btRigidBody(rbInfo); body->setCollisionFlags(body->getCollisionFlags()|btCollisionObject::CF_KINEMATIC_OBJECT); body->setActivationState(DISABLE_DEACTIVATION); m_dynamicsWorld->addRigidBody(body); startTransform.setOrigin(SCALING*btVector3( btScalar(0), btScalar(20), btScalar(0) )); body->getMotionState()->setWorldTransform(startTransform);

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  • Meaning of offset in pygame Mask.overlap methods

    - by Alan
    I have a situation in which two rectangles collide, and I have to detect how much did they collide so so I can redraw the objects in a way that they are only touching each others edges. It's a situation in which a moving ball should hit a completely unmovable wall and instantly stop moving. Since the ball sometimes moves multiple pixels per screen refresh, it it possible that it enters the wall with more that half its surface when the collision is detected, in which case i want to shift it position back to the point where it only touches the edges of the wall. Here is the conceptual image it: I decided to implement this with masks, and thought that i could supply the masks of both objects (wall and ball) and get the surface (as a square) of their intersection. However, there is also the offset parameter which i don't understand. Here are the docs for the method: Mask.overlap Returns the point of intersection if the masks overlap with the given offset - or None if it does not overlap. Mask.overlap(othermask, offset) -> x,y The overlap tests uses the following offsets (which may be negative): +----+----------.. |A | yoffset | +-+----------.. +--|B |xoffset | | : :

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  • Understanding Visitor Pattern

    - by Nezreli
    I have a hierarchy of classes that represents GUI controls. Something like this: Control-ContainerControl-Form I have to implement a series of algoritms that work with objects doing various stuff and I'm thinking that Visitor pattern would be the cleanest solution. Let take for example an algorithm which creates a Xml representaion of a hierarchy of objects. Using 'classic' approach I would do this: public abstract class Control { public virtual XmlElement ToXML(XmlDocument document) { XmlElement xml = document.CreateElement(this.GetType().Name); // Create element, fill it with attributes declared with control return xml; } } public abstract class ContainerControl : Control { public override XmlElement ToXML(XmlDocument document) { XmlElement xml = base.ToXML(document); // Use forech to fill XmlElement with child XmlElements return xml; } } public class Form : ContainerControl { public override XmlElement ToXML(XmlDocument document) { XmlElement xml = base.ToXML(document); // Fill remaining elements declared in Form class return xml; } } But I'm not sure how to do this with visitor pattern. This is the basic implementation: public class ToXmlVisitor : IVisitor { public void Visit(Form form) { } } Since even the abstract classes help with implementation I'm not sure how to do that properly in ToXmlVisitor. Perhaps there is a better solution to this problem. The reason that I'm considering Visitor pattern is that some algorithms will need references not available in project where the classes are implemented and there is a number of different algorithms so I'm avoiding large classes. Any thoughts are welcome.

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  • Example of DOD design (on a generic Zombie game)

    - by Jeffrey
    I can't seem to find a nice explanation of the Data Oriented Design for a generic zombie game (it's just an example, pretty common example). Could you make an example of the Data Oriented Design on creating a generic zombie class? Is the following good? Zombie list class: class ZombieList { GLuint vbo; // generic zombie vertex model std::vector<color>; // object default color std::vector<texture>; // objects textures std::vector<vector3D>; // objects positions public: unsigned int create(); // return object id void move(unsigned int objId, vector3D offset); void rotate(unsigned int objId, float angle); void setColor(unsigned int objId, color c); void setPosition(unsigned int objId, color c); void setTexture(unsigned int, unsigned int); ... void update(Player*); // move towards player, attack if near } Example: Player p; Zombielist zl; unsigned int first = zl.create(); zl.setPosition(first, vector3D(50, 50)); zl.setTexture(first, texture("zombie1.png")); ... while (running) { // main loop ... zl.update(&p); zl.draw(); // draw every zombie } Or would creating a generic World container that contains every action from bite(zombieId, playerId) to moveTo(playerId, vector) to createPlayer() to shoot(playerId, vector) to face(radians)/face(vector); and contains: std::vector<zombie> std::vector<player> ... std::vector<mapchunk> ... std::vector<vbobufferid> player_run_animation; ... be a good example? Whats the proper way to organize a game with DOD?

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  • Purpose of "new" keyword

    - by Channel72
    The new keyword in languages like Java, Javascript, and C# creates a new instance of a class. This syntax seems to have been inherited from C++, where new is used specifically to allocate a new instance of a class on the heap, and return a pointer to the new instance. In C++, this is not the only way to construct an object. You can also construct an object on the stack, without using new - and in fact, this way of constructing objects is much more common in C++. So, coming from a C++ background, the new keyword in languages like Java, Javascript, and C# seemed natural and obvious to me. Then I started to learn Python, which doesn't have the new keyword. In Python, an instance is constructed simply by calling the constructor, like: f = Foo() At first, this seemed a bit off to me, until it occurred to me that there's no reason for Python to have new, because everything is an object so there's no need to disambiguate between various constructor syntaxes. But then I thought - what's really the point of new in Java? Why should we say Object o = new Object();? Why not just Object o = Object();? In C++ there's definitely a need for new, since we need to distinguish between allocating on the heap and allocating on the stack, but in Java all objects are constructed on the heap, so why even have the new keyword? The same question could be asked for Javascript. In C#, which I'm much less familiar with, I think new may have some purpose in terms of distinguishing between object types and value types, but I'm not sure. Regardless, it seems to me that many languages which came after C++ simply "inherited" the new keyword - without really needing it. It's almost like a vestigial keyword. We don't seem to need it for any reason, and yet it's there. Question: Am I correct about this? Or is there some compelling reason that new needs to be in C++-inspired memory-managed languages like Java, Javascript and C#?

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  • EBS Seed Data Comparison Reports Now Available

    - by Steven Chan (Oracle Development)
    Earlier this year we released a reporting tool that reports on the differences in E-Business Suite database objects between one release and another.  That's a very useful reference, but EBS defaults are delivered as seed data within the database objects themselves. What about the differences in this seed data between one release and another? I'm pleased to announce the availability of a new tool that provides comparison reports of E-Business Suite seed data between EBS 11.5.10.2, 12.0.4, 12.0.6, 12.1.1, and 12.1.3.  This new tool complements the information in the data model comparison tool.  You can download the new seed data comparison tool here: EBS ATG Seed Data Comparison Report (Note 1327399.1) The EBS ATG Seed Data Comparison Report provides report on the changes between different EBS releases based upon the seed data changes delivered by the product data loader files (.ldt extension) based on EBS ATG loader control (.lct extension) files.  You can use this new tool to report on the differences in the following types of seed data: Concurrent Program definitions Descriptive Flexfield entity definitions Application Object Library profile option definitions Application Object Library (AOL) key flexfield, function, lookups, value set definitions Application Object Library (AOL) menu and responsibility definitions Application Object Library messages Application Object Library request set definitions Application Object Library printer styles definitions Report Manager / WebADI component and integrator entity definitions Business Intelligence Publisher (BI Publisher) entity definitions BIS Request Set Generator entity definitions ... and more Your feedback is welcomeThis new tool was produced by our hard-working EBS Release Management team, and they're actively seeking your feedback.  Please feel free to share your experiences with it by posting a comment here.  You can also request enhancements to this tool via the distribution list address included in Note 1327399.1.Related Articles Oracle E-Business Suite Release 12.1.3 Now Available New Whitepaper: Upgrading EBS 11i Forms + OA Framework Personalizations to EBS 12 EBS 12.0 Minimum Requirements for Extended Support Finalized Five Key Resources for Upgrading to E-Business Suite Release 12 E-Business Suite Release 12.1.1 Consolidated Upgrade Patch 1 Now Available New Whitepaper: Planning Your E-Business Suite Upgrade from Release 11i to 12.1

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  • Object behaviour or separate class?

    - by Andrew Stephens
    When it comes to OO database access you see two common approaches - the first is to provide a class (say "Customer") with methods such as Retrieve(), Update(), Delete(), etc. The other is to keep the Customer class fairly lightweight (essentially just properties) and perform the database access elsewhere, e.g. using a repository. This choice of approaches doesn't just apply to database access, it can crop up in many different OOD scenarios. So I was wondering if one way is preferable over the other (although I suspect the answer will be "it depends")! Another dev on our team argues that to be truly OO the class should be "self-contained", i.e. providing all the methods necessary to manipulate and interact with that object. I personally prefer the repository approach - I don't like bloating the Customer class with all that functionality, and I feel it results in cleaner code having it elsewhere, but I can't help thinking I'm seriously violating core OO concepts! And what about memory implications? If I retrieve thousands of Customer objects I'm assuming those with the data access methods will take up a lot more memory than the property-only objects?

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  • How should I safely send bulk mail? [closed]

    - by Jerry Dodge
    First of all, we have a large software system we've developed and have a number of clients using it in their own environment. Each of them is responsible for using their own equipment and resources, we don't provide any services to share with them. We have introduced an automated email system which sends emails automatically via SMTP. Usually, it only sends around 10-20 emails a day, but it's very possible to send bulk email up to thousands of people in a single day. This of course requires a big haul of work, which isn't necessarily the problem. The issue arises when it comes to the SMTP server we're using. An email server is issued a number of relays a day, which is paid for. This isn't really necessarily the issue either. The risk is getting the email server blacklisted. It's inevitable, and we need to carefully take all this into consideration. As far as I can see, the ideal setup would be to have at least 50 IP addresses on multiple servers, each of which hosts its own SMTP server. When sending bulk email, it will divide them up across these servers, and each one will process its own queue. If one of those IP's gets blacklisted, it will be decommissioned and a new IP will replace it. Is there a better way that doesn't require us to invest in a large handful of servers? Perhaps a third party service which is meant exactly for this?

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  • OOP concept: is it possible to update the class of an instantiated object?

    - by Federico
    I am trying to write a simple program that should allow a user to save and display sets of heterogeneous, but somehow related data. For clarity sake, I will use a representative example of vehicles. The program flow is like this: The program creates a Garage object, which is basically a class that can contain a list of vehicles objects Then the users creates Vehicles objects, these Vehicles each have a property, lets say License Plate Nr. Once created, the Vehicle object get added to a list within the Garage object --Later on--, the user can specify that a given Vehicle object is in fact a Car object or a Truck object (thus giving access to some specific attributes such as Number of seats for the Car, or Cargo weight for the truck) At first sight, this might look like an OOP textbook question involving a base class and inheritance, but the problem is more subtle because at the object creation time (and until the user decides to give more info), the computer doesn't know the exact Vehicle type. Hence my question: how would you proceed to implement this program flow? Is OOP the way to go? Just to give an initial answer, here is what I've came up until now. There is only one Vehicle class and the various properties/values are handled by the main program (not the class) through a dictionary. However, I'm pretty sure that there must be a more elegant solution (I'm developing using VB.net): Public Class Garage Public GarageAdress As String Private _ListGarageVehicles As New List(Of Vehicles) Public Sub AddVehicle(Vehicle As Vehicles) _ListGarageVehicles.Add(Vehicle) End Sub End Class Public Class Vehicles Public LicensePlateNumber As String Public Enum VehicleTypes Generic = 0 Car = 1 Truck = 2 End Enum Public VehicleType As VehicleTypes Public DictVehicleProperties As New Dictionary(Of String, String) End Class NOTE that in the example above the public/private modifiers do not necessarily reflect the original code

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  • Capitalizing on JavaScript's prototypal inheritance

    - by keithjgrant
    JavaScript has a class-free object system in which objects inherit properties directly from other objects. This is really powerful, but it is unfamiliar to classically trained programmers. If you attempt to apply classical design patterns directly to JavaScript, you will be frustrated. But if you learn to work with JavaScript's prototypal nature, your efforts will be rewarded. ... It is Lisp in C's clothing. -Douglas Crockford What does this mean for a game developer working with canvas and HTML5? I've been looking over this question on useful design patterns in gaming, but prototypal inheritance is very different than classical inheritance, and there are surely differences in the best way to apply some of these common patterns. For example, classical inheritance allows us to create a moveableEntity class, and extend that with any classes that move in our game world (player, monster, bullet, etc.). Sure, you can strongarm JavaScript to work that way, but in doing so, you are kind of fighting against its nature. Is there a better approach to this sort of problem when we have prototypal inheritance at our fingertips?

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  • New features for Expression Blend 4 Release Candidate

    - by kaleidoscope
    With Microsoft Expression Blend 4, you can create websites and applications based on Microsoft Silverlight 3 and Microsoft Silverlight 4, and desktop applications based on Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) 3.5 with Service Pack 1 (SP1) and WPF4. Expression Blend provides new support for prototyping, interactivity through behaviors, special Silverlight functionality, and on-the-fly sample data generation. Expression Blend includes new behaviors that are quickly and easily configured Expression Blend offers new sample data, behaviors, and features of project templates to support the Model-View-ViewModel (MVVM) pattern The MVVM pattern is a way to structure a Silverlight or WPF application so that user interface (UI) objects are as decoupled as possible from the application's data and behavior. This makes it easier for design tasks and development tasks to be performed independently and without breaking each other. Essentially, your UI is the View. You bind objects in the View to properties and commands of the ViewModel, and the View can also call methods on the ViewModel. Compatible with Silverlight 3 and WPF 3.5 with Service Pack 1 (SP1) Interoperate able with Visual Studio. Included New Shapes: The Assets panel in Expression Blend contains a new Shapes category, including presets for the easy creation of arcs, arrows, callouts, and polygons. New Controls: Expression Blend has tooling support for the RichTextBox control in Silverlight. XAML cleanliness :Expression Blend generates less XAML with respect to animations and animation-related properties. MVVM project template: Expression Blend includes a new project template that offers a basic starting point for Model-View-ViewModel pattern applications. Run project with CTRL+F5:To improve consistency with Visual Studio, you can now invoke the Run Project command by pressing either CTRL+F5 or F5 Technorati Tags: Rituraj,Features of Expression Blend4 RC

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  • Visual Studio 2010 Keyboard Shortcut Posters Available

    - by Jim Duffy
    I’m a firm believer in the productivity gains you experience when using keyboard shortcuts in Visual Studio. If you’re not using keyboard shortcuts while coding then your productivity is suffering. Some of my favorites (omitting the obvious ones like F5 to start debugging) as are: Ctrl+K, C – Comment section of code Ctrl+K, U – Uncomment section of code Ctrl+K, D – Format the current document (indentation, etc.) Shift+Alt+C – Add new class to a project Shift+Alt+A – Add existing item to a project Ctrl+Shift+A – Add new item to a project The good news is all of these and a TON of others are all documented in the Visual Studio Keyboard Shortcut Posters (available as PDFs). The only problem is there are so many you need a printer capable of printing on larger paper because while you can read them all on 8 1/2 x 11 paper in landscape mode, for them to be a valuable quick reference on your cubicle wall you’re going to need to print them on large paper. If you don’t have a printer capable of producing large sized printouts head down to Office Depot, Staples, FedEx Office, or your favorite print shop and have them print one for you. Oh and one last thing, I’d really like Microsoft to take those people’s picture off them. Really? Do we need to look at these people when trying to improve our productivity? Have a day. :-|

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  • User Acceptance Testing Defect Classification when developing for an outside client

    - by DannyC
    I am involved in a large development project in which we (a very small start up) are developing for an outside client (a very large company). We recently received their first output from UAT testing of a fairly small iteration, which listed 12 'defects', triaged into three categories : Low, Medium and High. The issue we have is around whether everything in this list should be recorded as a 'defect' - some of the issues they found would be better described as refinements, or even 'nice-to-haves', and some we think are not defects at all. They client's QA lead says that it is standard for them to label every issues they identify as a defect, however, we are a bit uncomfortable about this. Whilst the relationship is good, we don't see a huge problem with this, but we are concerned that, if the relationship suffers in the future, these lists of 'defects' could prove costly for us. We don't want to come across as being difficult, or taking things too personally here, and we are happy to make all of the changes identified, however we are a bit concerned especially as there is a uneven power balance at play in our relationship. Are we being paranoid here? Or could we be setting ourselves up for problems down the line by agreeing to this classification?

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  • More Tables or More Databases?

    - by BuckWoody
    I got an e-mail from someone that has an interesting situation. He has 15,000 customers, and he asks if he should have a database for their data per customer. Without a LOT more data it’s impossible to say, of course, but there are some general concepts to keep in mind. Whenever you’re segmenting data, it’s all about boundary choices. You have not only boundaries around how big the data will get, but things like how many objects (tables, stored procedures and so on) that will be involved, if there are any cross-sections of data (do they share location or product information) and – very important – what are the security requirements? From the answer to these types of questions, you now have the choice of making multiple tables in a single database, or using multiple databases. A database carries some overhead – it needs a certain amount of memory for locking and so on. But it has a very clean boundary – everything from objects to security can be kept apart. Having multiple users in the same database is possible as well, using things like a Schema. But keeping 15,000 schemas can be challenging as well. My recommendation in complex situations like this is similar to a post on decisions that I did earlier – I lay out the choices on a spreadsheet in rows, and then my requirements at the top in the columns. I  give each choice a number based on how well it meets each requirement. At the end, the highest number wins. And many times it’s a mix – perhaps this person could segment customers into larger regions or districts or products, in a database. Within that database might be multiple schemas for the customers. Of course, he needs to query across all customers, that becomes another requirement. Share this post: email it! | bookmark it! | digg it! | reddit! | kick it! | live it!

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  • What's a good Game development platform for a platformer game with these characteristics?

    - by Joe
    Yes, I know, the best way to make an indie game is to learn to code. I've got some scripting experience, but I want to do worldbuilding with already-existing tools (and communities surrounding those tools), and I've been really impressed with games like An Untitled Story that were made with pre-packaged toolsets at their core, like Game Maker. :) So I'm planning to make my game using either Game Maker or something like it. The basic parameters of my planned game: -2D platformer. -Physics/speed akin to Sonic the Hedgehog. -Large, non-linear world, flowing as seamlessly as possible -- think Super Metroid, but without the forced screen transitions. The first two points have me leaning toward Game Maker -- Plenty of 2D platformers have been made with it, and there are serviceable, openly available Sonic-the-Hedgehog-style physics engines for it that could be adapted to my needs with minimal muss and fuss. But the third makes me antsy -- from what limited information I hear, Game Maker has problems with large levels/boards/screens/whateveryoucallthem, thus necessitating transitions between screens. I want to avoid that if at all possible -- it would, I believe, fundamentally alter the flow of the game. I understand that generally speaking, the more you have loaded into memory the more things are going to chug (especially for a one-size-fits-all game development platform that isn't a model of efficient coding), but I'm hoping there are systems that can un-load objects that are sufficiently far offscreen and thus better produce seamlessness. Any thoughts, people? :) The sooner I can get a basic pre-fab physics engine and world-building program up and running, the sooner I can start prototyping areas and generally tooling around. Should I be looking at Game Maker, or elsewhere? (My current plan is to more-or-less build the game prototype-style, then worry about art and sound at the very end once the damn thing is playable.)

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