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• Running DNS locally for home network

  - by Roy Rico

  I have a small home network that just got larger ( New roommate, My existing roommate got a laptop (on top of her computer)j, my friends coming over with laptop, etc ). I'd like to run a local DNS server for lookups of my local network stuff (fileserver.local, windowsTV.local, machineA.local, machineB.local, appletv.local). I used to have a business line with a static IP, and run bind/named internally. However, now, I have a normal account. My ISP's DNS servers are constantly changing (for whatever reasons my ISP doesn't like to keep the same IP range for long). I need my local DNS to be automatically updated to use my ISP's DNS for external traffic, but be able to maintain an internal DNS server (getting to update the hosts file is being a hassle with every new machine on top of rebuilding existing machines with win7 or Ubuntu 9.04). Additionally, My ISP's DNS servers often crash or become unresponsive. Are there any open DNS servers that are reliable (i don't want to reconfig every day) that I could use as my primary, then if those fail, then use my ISP's? UPDATE: Also looking for each workstation to be able to use dhcp to connect, but instead of getting ISP dns servers, getting my internal one.... Thanks

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• Why can a local root turn into any LDAP user?

  - by Daniel Gollás

  I know this has been asked here before, but I am not satisfied with the answers and don't know if it's ok to revive and hijack an older question. We have workstations that authenticate users on an LDAP server. However, the local root user can su into any LDAP user without needing a password. From my perspective this sounds like a huge security problem that I would hope could be avoided at the server level. I can imagine the following scenario where a user can impersonate another and don't know how to prevent it: UserA has limited permissions, but can log into a company workstation using their LDAP password. They can cat /etc/ldap.conf and figure out the LDAP server's address and can ifconfig to check out their own IP address. (This is just an example of how to get the LDAP address, I don't think that is usually a secret and obscurity is not hard to overcome) UserA takes out their own personal laptop, configures authentication and network interfaces to match the company workstation and plugs in the network cable from the workstation to their laptop, boots and logs in as local root (it's his laptop, so he has local root) As root, they su into any other user on LDAP that may or may not have more permissions (without needing a password!), but at the very least, they can impersonate that user without any problem. The other answers on here say that this is normal UNIX behavior, but it sounds really insecure. Can the impersonated user act as that user on an NFS mount for example? (the laptop even has the same IP address). I know they won't be able to act as root on a remote machine, but they can still be any other user they want! There must be a way to prevent this on the LDAP server level right? Or maybe at the NFS server level? Is there some part of the process that I'm missing that actually prevents this? Thanks!!

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• Emails sent to outlook.com not being delivered

  - by imukcedup

  I'm having an issue that is a little strange. I have a cPanel webserver that I own and have root. I was testing out emailing and noticed some issues. When I send an email to outlook.com address the email sends ok but nothing is recieved at the outlook mailbox. I also dont get an 'email delivery failure notification' in any mailbox. 2014-06-12 09:53:47 SMTP connection from [127.0.0.1]:45334 (TCP/IP connection count = 1) 2014-06-12 09:53:47 1Wv5Rr-0003rA-2K <= [email protected] H=localhost (ourdomain.com) [127.0.0.1]:45334 P=esmtpa A=dovecot_login:joe S=667 [email protected] T="This is a test message" for [email protected] 2014-06-12 09:53:47 SMTP connection from localhost (ourdomain.com) [127.0.0.1]:45334 closed by QUIT 2014-06-12 09:53:50 cwd=/var/spool/MailScanner/incoming/1029481 5 args: /usr/sbin/exim -C /etc/exim_outgoing.conf -Mc 1Wv5Rr-0003rA-2K 2014-06-12 09:53:50 1Wv5Rr-0003rA-2K SMTP connection outbound 1402581230 1Wv5Rr-0003rA-2K ourdomain.com [email protected] 2014-06-12 09:53:50 1Wv5Rr-0003rA-2K => Test Account <[email protected]> R=archive_outgoing_email T=archiver_outgoing 2014-06-12 09:53:52 1Wv5Rr-0003rA-2K => [email protected] R=dkim_lookuphost T=dkim_remote_smtp H=mx1.hotmail.com [65.54.188.110] X=UNKNOWN:AES128-SHA256:128 C="250 <[email protected]> Queued mail for delivery" 2014-06-12 09:53:52 1Wv5Rr-0003rA-2K Completed I have checked the outlook.com's spam folders and its not in there either. This is a new IP address allocation from our ISP and there was a block on gmail addresses, so we know it was used for spam. But with gmail we got a notifaction of failure and I know outlook/microsoft also send out notification. Does anyone know what could be happening here? Thanks

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• DNS server not working?

  - by Behrooz A

  I just set up a DNS Server on my windows 7, called SimpleDNS I added a zone for example sag.com and defined www.sag.com and sag.com to 192.168.1.2 (my Network IP Address) . the problem is when I try to ping sag.com the SimpleDNS logs says that it answered the request with 192.168.1.2 , but the ping doesn't resolve anything . SimpleDNS logs: > 14:00:43 Request from 192.168.1.2 for A-record for www.sag.com > 14:00:43 Sending reply to 192.168.1.2 about A-record for > www.sag.com: 14:00:43 -> Answer: A-record for www.sag.com = > 192.168.1.2 14:00:43 -> Authority: NS-record for www.sag.com = mehr-pc nslookup : > C:\Users\Mehr\Desktop>nslookup www.sag.com DNS request timed out. > timeout was 2 seconds. Server: UnKnown Address: 192.168.1.1 > > DNS request timed out. > timeout was 2 seconds. DNS request timed out. > timeout was 2 seconds. DNS request timed out. > timeout was 2 seconds. DNS request timed out. > timeout was 2 seconds. > *** Request to UnKnown timed-out the DNS server IP is 192.168.1.2 , and Access point address : 192.168.1.1 what should I do?

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• Can OpenVPN invoke DHCP Client?

  - by Ency

  I have got working VPN connection through openvpn, but I would like to use also my DHCP server and not openvpn's push feature. Currently everything works fine, but I have to manually start dhcp client, eg. dhclient tap0 and I get IP and other important stuff from my DHCP, is there any directive which start DHCP Client when connection is established? There is my client's config: remote there.is.server.com float dev tap tls-client #pull port 1194 proto tcp-client persist-tun dev tap0 #ifconfig 192.168.69.201 255.255.255.0 #route-up "dhclient tap0" #dhcp-renew ifconfig 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 ifconfig-noexec ifconfig-nowarn ca /etc/openvpn/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/encyNtb_openvpn_client.crt key /etc/openvpn/encyNtb_openvpn_client.key dh /etc/openvpn/dh-openvpn.dh ping 10 ping-restart 120 comp-lzo verb 5 log-append /var/log/openvpn.log Here comes server's config: mode server tls-server dev tap0 local servers.ip.here port 1194 proto tcp-server server-bridge # Allow comunication between clients client-to-client # Allowing duplicate users per one certificate duplicate-cn # CA Certificate, VPN Server Certificate, key, DH and Revocation list ca /etc/ssl/CA/certs/ca.crt cert /etc/ssl/CA/certs/openvpn_server.crt key /etc/ssl/CA/private/openvpn_server.key dh /etc/ssl/CA/dh/dh-openvpn.dh crl-verify /etc/ssl/CA/crl.pem # When no response is recieved within 120seconds, client is disconected keepalive 10 60 persist-tun persist-key user openvpn group openvpn # Log and Connected clients file log-append /var/log/openvpn verb 3 status /var/run/openvpn/vpn.status 10 # Compression comp-lzo #Push data to client push "route-gateway 192.168.69.1" push "redirect-gateway def1"

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• Postfix selective header_checks: smtpd_relay_restrictions vs. smtpd_recipient_restrictions

  - by luke

  Some of my customers implemented commercial software that violate email-RFCs such that we have had to relax our header checks. In consequence, we receive more spam. Prolog: I know the domains (customer.com) and IP-addresses (a.b.c.d/C) these emails come from Kind request for help: Is it possible to setup one Postfix (2.11) instance on Linux such that: It applies only some header checks for emails from .*@customer.com But applies all header checks for all other email sources? I thought of a combination of mynetworks that includes the subnet a.b.c.d/C in smtpd_recipient_restrictions -- allowing all these messages through -- and simultaneously avoid an open-relay with smtpd_relay_restrictions. However, this has not worked out as expected. Any idea or help is highly appreciated. Thanks in advance. Luke ==EDIT== For the current issue, I solved the problem by prepending REDIRECTs to header_checks as follows: /^received: from.*customer.com.*by mail.own.com.*for.*luke@own.*/ REDIRECT [email protected] This works so far as neeeded. Irrespective thereof, I am still looking for a postfix configuration that would turn this text-based setting into an IP-Address-Range based forwarding rule.... Thanks. Luke

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• Apache logging issues

  - by Dan

  I'm trying to parse apache log files, but I'm finding some strange results and I'm not sure what they mean. Hopefully someone can provide some insight. (all of the IP addresses were altered. none actually start with 192, I didn't figure the search engines mattered though.) In the first example, multiple ip addresses are showing up in the host field: 192.249.71.25 - - [04/Aug/2009:04:21:44 -0500] "GET /publications/example.pdf HTTP/1.1" 200 2738 192.0.100.93, 192.20.31.86 - - [04/Aug/2009:04:21:22 -0500] "GET /docs/another.pdf HTTP/1.0" 206 371469 What causes this? Does it have to do with proxy servers? Is there a way to have Apache only log one? In the second example, a bunch of information is just completely missing! What would cause this? msnbot-65-55-207-50.search.msn.com - - [29/Dec/2009:15:45:16 -0600] "GET /publications/example.pdf HTTP/1.1" 200 3470073 "-" "msnbot/2.0b (+http://search.msn.com/msnbot.htm)" 266 3476792 - - - - "-" - - "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; InfoPath.1)" 285 594 - - - - "-" - - "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; InfoPath.1)" 285 4195 - - - - "-" - - "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; InfoPath.1)" 299 109218 crawl-17c.cuil.com - - [29/Dec/2009:15:45:46 -0600] "GET /publications/another.pdf HTTP/1.0" 200 101481 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Twiceler-0.9 http://www.cuil.com/twiceler/robot.html)" 253 101704 My CustomLog configuration says: LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-agent}i\" %I %O" common

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• Squid proxy in cent os often disconnected with error : tunnelConnectTimeout(): tunnelState->servers is NULL

  - by Ela

  I am having very often internet disconnection problem with Squid proxy service. My server config; OS: CentOS release 6.3 (Final) model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-2600 CPU @ 3.40GHz cpu MHz : 1600.000 My Local systems IP range:192.168.2.x Server IP: 192.168.2.11 Also this server is configured with lamp for development,Samba SMB file service manager and No svn currently. So i see maximum possibility is this squid proxy since this is where it stops to connect and am sure when i restart the server net started working so something wrong with this squid service only. And this server is connected with local 14 other windows machines and basically serves as a central development node. I am able to resolve it by restarting the server fully some time or sometimes by restarting the squid proxy which is totally killing our development. I have attached my cache log file here for the error info. Cache log file Sample error log: 2013/07/01 13:25:38| tunnelConnectTimeout(): tunnelState->servers is NULL 2013/07/01 13:25:41| tunnelConnectTimeout(): tunnelState->servers is NULL 2013/07/01 13:25:41| tunnelConnectTimeout(): tunnelState->servers is NULL 2013/07/01 13:25:50| clientProcessRequest: Invalid Request 2013/07/01 13:26:05| tunnelConnectTimeout(): tunnelState->servers is NULL Some help can make our lives easier, Thanks in advance.

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• VPN Trunk Between Cisco ASA 5520 and DrayTek Vigor 2930

  - by David Heggie

  I'm a bit of a VPN newbie, so please go easy on me ... I'm trying to use the VPN trunking capabilities of the DrayTek Vigor 2930 firewall to bond two IPSec VPN connections to a Cisco ASA 5520 device and I'm getting myself tied in knots and hope someone here with more knowledge / experience can help. I have a remote site with two ADSL connections and the DrayTek box. The main office site has the Cisco ASA device. I am able to setup a single IPSec connection between the two sites on either of the ADSL connections' public IP addresses, but as soon as I try to use the VPN bonding, nothing works. The VPN tunnels are both still up, but the traffic is getting lost somewhere. I suspect it's due to the ASA not knowing how to route the traffic back over the VPN - one minute, traffic from my remote office's network is coming from public ip address #1, the next it's coming from public address #2 and it doesn't know what to do. Well, that's my newbie impression of what's going wrong, but I don't really know: If this is really what's happening If what I'm trying to do (bond two VPN connections from a single remote network to improve the bandwidth / resiliency) is possible with the kit I've got Could anyone help?

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• How to enable Ipv6 on my ubunutu 11.04 virtual machine

  - by liv2hak

  I have installed 3 VM's on my PC.(Ubuntu 11.04).I want to setup an IPV6 network to review and test some of the IPV6 tools like NDPMonitor.(monitors ICMP messages of Neighbour Discovery Protocol.) IP v6 addresses are as follows. linux_router - fe80::a00:27ff:fed5:f7e9/64 labhack1 - fe80::a00:27ff:fed2:8bd1/64 labhack2 - fe80::a00:27ff:fed7:2f2d/64 The below commands have been run on both linux_router and labhack1. sudo ip r a 2001:468:181:f100::/64 dev eth0 sudo vim /etc/radvd.conf /file looks like below./ interface eth0 { AdvSendAdvert on; /*means that we are sending out advertisments.*/ MinRtrAdvInterval 5; /*these options control how often advertisments are sent*/ MaxRtrAdvInterval 15; /*these are not mandatory but valueable settings.*/ prefix fe80::a00:27ff::/64 { AdvOnLink on; /*Says to the host everyone sharing this prefix is on the sam local link as you.*/ AdvAutonomous on; /*Says to a host: "Use this prefix to autoconfigure your address"*/ }; }; sudo sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding=1 I try to do a ping6 -I eth0 fe80::a00:27ff:fed5:f7e9 I get Destination unreachable: Address unreachable.I am not sure what I am doing wrong here.I am a beginner at linux administration.Basically I think I am missing whatever is analogous to physically connecting VM's.Any help that would point me in the right direction would be greatly appreciated.

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• Printing to a remote printer through the internet

  - by Lock

  I have a remote network (A) that is connected to a head office (B) through a private network. Network A only has 1 PC that requires the connection, and this is into a terminal server at network B. We want to save money by getting rid of the private network as only 1 PC now access it and it seems silly to pay ~$400 per month for something that is accessed by 1 PC. A VPN tunnel is out of the question as the provider wants to charge $600 a month for a VPN tunnel (more than a private network? I might get them to check these numbers). I was thinking of 2 options: 1) VPN client on the PC. This wouldn't cost a thing as we already have VPN users available. 2) Open up a port on the firewall of network B, forwarding to the terminal server. Now the problem is this: On the terminal server, the program that is accessed is for printing labels to the printer that is at network A. The program is setup to send all print jobs to a printer that is setup locally on the terminal server, which has its port mapped to the IP address of the printer that is at network A. If we got rid of the VPN tunnel and used clients/open up firewall port, the printer would no longer be able to find network A, and hence printing would not work. Any ideas to combat this issue? Can the printers at the remote network be setup as internet printers? I've never had any experience with internet printers. Can you open up ports and map to a public static IP address?

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• sendmail relay status

  - by Andy

  Hello all, I have a RHEL3 server with sendmail configured to relay mail to: # "Smart" relay host (may be null) DSmailrelay This relay server is an exchange server not administered by me. A few days ago its IP address was changed without my knowledge so I've updated the correct ip in /etc/hosts for the mail relay entry. Unfortunately no mail is currently going through and maillog reports: Oct 26 14:32:39 fsimag sendmail[12580]: n9Q3VxPA012580: from=root, size=3685, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<~R.*.2009102614315955@*>, relay=root@localhost Oct 26 14:32:39 fsimag sendmail[12580]: n9Q3VxPA012580: to=wodwest@*.net, delay=00:00:40, mailer=esmtp, pri=33685, dsn=4.4.3, stat=queued Oct 26 14:36:09 fsimag sendmail[13670]: n9Q3ZTcf013670: from=root, size=5831, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<~R.medicus.2009102614352914@*>, relay=root@localhost Oct 26 14:36:09 fsimag sendmail[13670]: n9Q3ZTcf013670: to=tsgastro@(.net, delay=00:00:40, mailer=esmtp, pri=35831, dsn=4.4.3, stat=queued Oct 26 14:36:50 fsimag sendmail[13882]: n9Q3aAxj013882: from=root, size=5830, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<~C.medicus.2009102614361009@*>, relay=root@localhost Oct 26 14:36:50 fsimag sendmail[13882]: n9Q3aAxj013882: to=elmwood@*.net, delay=00:00:40, mailer=esmtp, pri=35830, dsn=4.4.3, stat=queued (With domains obscured) The mailq command shows nothing, and I've also tried connecting to this new mail server via telnet and manually sending and reports as being queued but not sent. The administrator of this machine has put it back to me saying he sees no problems, and I just want to cover everything before passing it back to him. Is there any other tests/logs/reasons for sendmail to only report it as "stat=queued" ? I've looked in previous logs and the relay is set to root@localhost in those but none were ever set to queued. Thanks for any help, Andy

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• Advance DNS - Redirecting Emails to new webhost

  - by Martin

  I am not to sure if this question belongs here but I will surely find out soon enough. I have two web hosts (Not sure why it has been setup this way but it has). I do not want to use the original web host to handle the emails as the Data that we get from them is 500 mb which is already full with hosting the website. The second web host has an unlimited data plan and was created so we could use this host for the email accounts. Now the problem is I have reset the Advance DNS Zone records on both accounts and I am not sure what they were before. (Silly me should have taken a backup of how it was setup before hand I know) Emails were working before and going to the second hosts server now they are going to the first host but it has no email addresses setup for use so all emails are bouncing saying that the address does not exist. Host 1 IP: 192.185.96.110 Host 2 IP: 27.54.88.66 So far I have changed the Advanced DNS Zone record on Host 1 with the following: A Record: mail.australisinstitute.qld.edu.au - 27.54.88.66 I have not made any changes on Host 2 and both hosts have the default MX Records. If I need to provide any more information I can but I just hope someone can decipher what I have said haha. Cheers in advance!

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• How do I get netcat to accept connections from outside the LAN?

  - by Chris

  I'm using netcat as a backend to shovel data back and forth for a program I'm making. I tested my program on the local network, and once it worked I thought it would be a matter of simply forwarding a port from my router to have my program work over the internet. Alas! This seems not to be the case. If I start netcat listening on port 6666 with: nc -vv -l -p 6666, then go to 127.0.0.1:6666 in a browser, as expected I see a HTTP GET request come through netcat (and my browser sits waiting in vain). If I go to my.external.ip.address:6666, however, nothing comes through at all and the browser displays 'could not connect to my.external.ip.address:6666'. I know that the port is correctly forwarded, as www.canyouseeme.org says port 6666 is open (and when netcat is not listening, that its closed). If I run netcat with -g my.adslmodem's.local.address to set the gateway address, I get the same behavior. Am I using this command line option correctly? Any insight as to what I'm doing wrong?

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• DNS server not working?

  - by Behrooz A

  I just set up a DNS Server on my windows 7, called SimpleDNS I added a zone for example sag.com and defined www.sag.com and sag.com to 192.168.1.2 (my Network IP Address) . the problem is when I try to ping sag.com the SimpleDNS logs says that it answered the request with 192.168.1.2 , but the ping doesn't resolve anything . SimpleDNS logs: > 14:00:43 Request from 192.168.1.2 for A-record for www.sag.com > 14:00:43 Sending reply to 192.168.1.2 about A-record for > www.sag.com: 14:00:43 -> Answer: A-record for www.sag.com = > 192.168.1.2 14:00:43 -> Authority: NS-record for www.sag.com = mehr-pc nslookup : > C:\Users\Mehr\Desktop>nslookup www.sag.com DNS request timed out. > timeout was 2 seconds. Server: UnKnown Address: 192.168.1.1 > > DNS request timed out. > timeout was 2 seconds. DNS request timed out. > timeout was 2 seconds. DNS request timed out. > timeout was 2 seconds. DNS request timed out. > timeout was 2 seconds. > *** Request to UnKnown timed-out the DNS server IP is 192.168.1.2 , and Access point address : 192.168.1.1 what should I do?

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• cannot connect to vpn server (error 721)

  - by callmeblessed

  I got 2 internet connections in my computer. One is using 3.5G HSDPA modem (vodafone huawei e220) and the other using mobile phone (cdma zte c261). Both are using different ISP and i have both. at the moment, i can connect to my office vpn using the HSDPA modem one. But when i tried to use cdma modem (dial up - mobile phone modem), i am just able to get "verifying username and password" and then after a few minutes it display error : Error 721 The Remote Computer didn't respond. I tried to ping into my office ip address, it got good result but still cannot connect to the vpn. I tried to turn off all my firewall (i'm using commodo) and has no response as well. In my cdma mobile phone modem Network connections I tried to allow iNternet connection sharing as well ... and turn on all Internet Protocol TCP/IP, File & Printer Sharing & Client for microsoft networks. But all of my effort has no effect. How to fix this problem ? note: my office using windows vpn as well. thank you .

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• GMail and Yahoo Mail servers not accepting mails from my slicehost slice

  - by Lakshmanan

  Hi, I have a rails in one of the slices at Slicehost. I've setup postfix (sendmail) to send emails from my rails app. All emails to Google Apps domain (to company setup google hosted paid email id) are getting delivered properly (but to spam folder). But all emails to [email protected], [email protected], .. @hotmail.com are not getting delivered and this is the line from my /var/log/mail.log Dec 21 17:33:56 staging postfix/smtp[32295]: 5EB4810545B: to=<[email protected]>, relay=j.mx.mail.yahoo.com[66.94.237.64]:25, delay=1.6, delays=0.02/0.01/1.5/0, dsn=4.0.0, status=deferred (host j.mx.mail.yahoo.com[66.94.237.64] refused to talk to me: 553 Mail from 173.203.201.186 not allowed - 5.7.1 [BL21] Connections not accepted from IP addresses on Spamhaus PBL; see http://postmaster.yahoo.com/errors/550-bl21.html [550]) and this is what i got for gmail Dec 21 17:29:17 staging postfix/smtp[32216]: 0FA3310545B: to=<[email protected]>, relay=gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com[74.125.65.27]:25, delay=0.59, delays=0.02/0.01/0.09/0.47, dsn=5.7.1, status=bounced (host gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com[74.125.65.27] said: 550-5.7.1 [173.203.201.186] The IP you're using to send mail is not authorized 550-5.7.1 to send email directly to our servers. Please use the SMTP relay at 550-5.7.1 your service provider instead. Learn more at 550 5.7.1 http://mail.google.com/support/bin/answer.py?answer=10336 v49si11176750yhc.16 (in reply to end of DATA command)) Please help. I have very little knowledge about setting dns, servers and stuff.

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• how to design pound -> varnish -> jboss for ha + loadbalancing

  - by andreash

  Hello, I'm planning a new infrastructure for our web application. We have two JBossAS5 servers, running in a cluster. Session state will be replicated via JBoss Cache. In front of that, there should be some cache, to speed up delivery of static elements. However, most of the traffic to our app will be via HTTPS. So far, I had been thinking of two Varnish caches in front of the JBossASs, each being configured for loadbalancing to the two JBossASs via round-robin. Since Varnish doesn't handle HTTPS, then there would need to be two pound proxies in front of the Varnishs, dealing with the HTTPS. The two pounds would be made high-available with Heartbeat/LinuxHA. The traffic to www.example.com would then be going through our firewall, from there to the virtual IP of the pounds, from there to the Varnishs, and from there to the JBossASs. Question 1: Does this make sense? Or is it overly complicated, and the same goal can be reached with simpler methods? Question 2: If my layout is fine, how do I configure the pound - Varnish step? Should I a) make the Varnish service high-available through Heartbeat/LinuxHA as well and direct traffic from pound to the virtual IP of the Varnishs, or should I rather b) Configure two independent Varnishs and use load-balancing in pound to address the different Varnishs? Thanks a lot for your insight! Andreas.

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• ssh use with netcat to forward connections via bastion host to inside machine

  - by Registered User

  Hi, I am having a server in a corporate data centre who's sys admin is me. There are some virtual machines running on it.The main server is accessible from internet via SSH. There are some people who within the lan access the virtual machines whose IPs on LAN are 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.3 192.168.1.4 the main machine which is a bastion host for internet has IP 192.168.1.50 and only I have access to it. I have to give people on internet the access to the internal machines whose IP I mentioned above.I know tunnel is a good way but the people are fairly non technical and do not want to get into a tunnel etc jargons.So I came across a solution as explained on this link On the gateway machine which is 192.168.1.50 in the .ssh/config file I add following Host securehost.example.com ProxyCommand ssh [email protected] nc %h %p Now my question is do I need to create separate accounts on the bastion host (gateway) to those users who can SSH to the inside machines and in each of the users .ssh/config I need to make the above entry or where exactly I put the .ssh/config on the gateway. Also ssh [email protected] where user1 exists only on inside machine 192.168.1.1 and not on the gateway is that right syntax? Because the internal machines are accessilbe to outside world as site1.example.com site2.example.com site3.example.com site4.example.com But SSH is only for example.com and only one user.So How should I go for .ssh/config 1) What is the correct syntax for ProxyCommand on gateway's .ssh/config should I use ProxyCommand ssh [email protected] nc %h %p or I should use ProxyCommand ssh [email protected] in nc %h %p 2) Should I create new user accounts on gateway or adding them in AllowedUsers on ssh_config is sufficient?

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• Cisco ASA 5505: Force NAT before IPsec?

  - by WuckaChucka

  I'm trying to route public-to-public IPs over an IPSec tunnel. However, the src IP is not "interesting" to the Cisco's IPSec engine because it doesn't appear to be getting translated to the outside IP before being evaluated by the Cisco's IPSec engine. From WEST to EAST, my public-to-public IPSec works fine: I can make a request from 192.168.0.5:any to 200.200.200.200:80 because the Vyatta does the NAT translation before the IPSec tunnel inspects the traffic, so the remote-subnet and local-subnet matches (see below). However from EAST to WEST, I see a deny in my Cisco logging buffer for Deny tcp src inside:192.168.1.5/59195 dst outside:100.100.100.100/80 which leads me to believe that the IPSec engine is not matching the encrypt_acl because the address has not been translated yet. Any ideas? WEST (Vyatta): inside: 192.168.0.0/24 inside host: 192.168.0.5/24 outside: 100.100.100.100 IPSec local-subnet: 100.100.100.100/32 IPSec remote-subnet: 200.200.200.200/32 EAST (Cisco): inside: 192.168.1.0/24 inside host: 192.168.1.5/24 (DNAT'ed on port 80 to outside) outside: 200.200.200.200 IPSec local-subnet: 200.200.200.200/32 IPSec remote-subnet: 100.100.100.100/32

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• What is the correct mail set up for multiple domains on one server?

  - by newmarc

  I have a machine (centos 5) with one external ip address. On that machine I have many virtual hosts with a few different top level domain names and sub-domains under those eg. sub1.domain1.com sub2.domain1.com sub3.domain1.com sub1.domain2.com sub2.domain2.com sub1.domain3.com And so on... Alot of these different sites need to send mail as their corresponding domain (or second-level domain at least). I need to set up DKIM, SPF (but that's handled on the DNS) and rDNS lookup so the mail gets received. As I understand it, you can only have one rDNS entry per machine. I could set up a server for each top level domain, but I'm thinking that'll get expensive. What should I do here? Is there a way to have multiple rDNS lookups on one ip address? How do I setup DKIM signing for multiple domain names on the one machine? Are there any services out there that could handle this for me? Thanks for your help...

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• How to get my W2003-server (back) into the web (after setting up bridged networking)

  - by MBaas

  I have recently set up Virtualbox on a W2003-Server (which is also used as webserver, accessed from the web). My vbox worked nicely, but then I wanted more, I wanted to have the vm appear in the intranet like any ordinary pc. I was advised to setup bridged networking as opposed to NAT. I did so, and in the server's network connections have bridged the LAN-Connection and the "VirtualBox Host-Only Network" (yes, it says "host only network", but I assure that VBox networking is configured to use network bridge). So now my VM is visible in the intranet and it also has www-accesss, the server can also access the web. The only problem that came up is that the server is no longer accessible from the web. I've traced an HTTP-Request and it says "Can't connect to *:80 (connect: No route to host)". So maybe something in the router's config needs to be adjusted (yeah, well, the server's IP-Address changed from 192.168.1.199 to ...198). So I went into the router-config, reviewed port-forwarding for port 80 and adjusted the IP there, but it still didn't work. Unsure if it was a router-problem or rather something in the server's config, I've setup a "demilitarized zone" in the router and have put the server into it. (My understanding is that this would put the server straight into the web...) But the result of the HTTP-Requests is still the same :(

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• Unknown user in terminal

  - by Giles B

  Im having a strange problem with the terminal in OS X. When I open the terminal the username at the command prompt is: unknown-04-0c-ce-e3-0d-c2: ~ I can't pinpoint when this first started or why unfortunately. I usually use iTerm for web development purposes but this also occurs in the normal OS X Terminal app. Any ideas/help would be really appreciated. Thanks Update: Thanks to @fayadfami and @aliasgar for the correct answers and steering me in the right direction. Also this forum post helped http://forums.macrumors.com/showthread.php?t=152407 The extract from the right post: Having run into the exact same issue myself, and having come across this thread while attempting to figure it out, I thought I'd post the answer. OS X is initially setting your hostname to what's set for your Computer Name in Sharing; however, if you're set up for DHCP and you match a current lease on your DHCP server (i.e., match the IP address of another recent user), OS X will then set your hostname to whatever the DHCP server currently has for that lease. This freaked me out incredibly at first, as I had just reformatted (having just purchased my first Mac and wanting to see how the installer worked) and knew I had not yet changed the Computer Name in Sharing -- yet my system hostname at the Terminal prompt was indeed changed to what I had previously set, pre-format. I grepped around, not finding the name anywhere save log entries; I thought either the format didn't actually properly wipe everything, or I was losing my mind. Finally I logged into my router (it's a Linksys WRT54GS running OpenWRT), and found the hostname in the current leases file. I then manually set my Mac's IP to something different, and volia! -- the hostname was back to what I expected. I hope this helps save someone from the same paranoia I went through.

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• Routing data through VPN in linux

  - by Shadyabhi

  I think its a silly question but still here it goes.. Terminal Output: eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1c:c0:37:5e:25 inet addr:10.100.98.51 Bcast:10.100.98.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::21c:c0ff:fe37:5e25/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:29677 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:5209 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:3179007 (3.1 MB) TX bytes:610142 (610.1 KB) Memory:e0380000-e03a0000 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:76 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:76 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:9555 (9.5 KB) TX bytes:9555 (9.5 KB) vpn_0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:ac:39:95:a1:16 inet6 addr: fe80::2ac:39ff:fe95:a116/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:1786 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:6 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:500 RX bytes:128597 (128.5 KB) TX bytes:468 (468.0 B) Actually, I followed this tutorial to setup the PacketiX VPN on ubuntu. Now, how do I actually use this VPN? Terminal Output: shadyabhi@shadyabhi-desktop:~$ route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 10.100.98.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 1 0 0 eth0 link-local * 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 eth0 default 10.100.98.4 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 shadyabhi@shadyabhi-desktop:~$ As told in tutorial, if I do route del default route add default dev vpn_0 I am not able to surf the internet. And I get the route command output as: root@shadyabhi-desktop:/home/shadyabhi# route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 10.100.98.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 1 0 0 eth0 link-local * 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 eth0 default * 0.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 vpn_0 root@shadyabhi-desktop:/home/shadyabhi# I know I am not able to route the traffic properly. How do i do that?

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• Route traffic from one VPN to a second VPN

  - by Dominic

  I have set up an OpenVPN server on my windows 7 64-bit PC. I also have a subscription to a VPN service. My aim is to be able to connect my android phone to the VPN server on my PC, and then route all traffic through the VPN service. I have a NetGear WPN824 router. I can get it working if I my phone is on my local network. Then I can connect my phone to the VPN server using the local IP address of my PC. In Network Connection in the control panel, I share the connection used by the VPN service with the connection used by the VPN server. Then when I browse the internet on my phone, all traffic goes through the VPN service. Very nice. But if my phone is outside my local network, so I have to connect my phone to the local VPN using my PC's external IP address, then this method doesn't work. If I connect my PC to the VPN service and then try to connect my phone to my own VPN, it just doesn't connect (the initial TLS handshake times out). If I connect my phone to the local VPN first, then this connection is lost as soon as I connect my PC to the VPN service. Does anybody know how I can get this working? Many thanks Dominic

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