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• bash shell script which adds output of commands

  - by John Kube

  Let's say I have a command called foo which prints a number to the screen when called: $foo 3 Let's also say I have another command called bar which prints another number to the screen when called: $bar 5 I'm looking to write a shell script which will add together the output of foo and bar. How would I do that? (The outputs from the commands are not known ahead of time. They just so happen to have been 3 and 5 the last time they were run. They could have been something else.) Thanks!

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• Ubuntu12.04 - launched applications, not staying in same desktop

  - by Anders Metnik

  My question is why a launched application, if it has loading time like netbeans, eclipse jdeveloper etc. If i go to desktop3 and launch an application and then go to desktop 2 while I wait, then when it has loaded the application will launch in desktop2. Is there anyway to change this? I find it highly annoying since i on startup would like to launch 3-4 big applications, leave my computer while loadingf, and then return. But i cant leave since i have to launch them sequential instead of simultaneous... Help please :-)

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• PASS: Budget Status

  - by Bill Graziano

  Our budget situation is a little different this year than in years past.  We were late getting an initial budget approved.  There are a number of different reasons this occurred.  We had different competing priorities and the budget got pushed down the list.  And that’s completely my fault for not making the budget a higher priority and getting it completed on time. That left us with initial budget approval in early August rather than prior to June 30th.  Even after that there were a number of small adjustments that needed to be made.  And one large glaring mistake that needed to be fixed.  We had a typo in the budget that made it through twelve versions of review.  In my defense I can only say that the cell was red so of course it had to be negative!  And that’s one more mistake I can add to my long and growing list of Mistakes I’ll Never Make Again. Last week we passed a revised budget (version 17) with this corrected.  This is the version we’re cleaning up and posting to the web site this week or next.

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• Restore files from certain increments using Duplicity

  - by luckytaxi

  Given the following backup sets ... Found primary backup chain with matching signature chain: ------------------------- Chain start time: Tue Jun 21 11:27:26 2011 Chain end time: Tue Jun 21 11:27:59 2011 Number of contained backup sets: 2 Total number of contained volumes: 2 Type of backup set: Time: Num volumes: Full Tue Jun 21 11:27:26 2011 1 Incremental Tue Jun 21 11:27:59 2011 1 If i run the following command, it works (1308655646 was converted from Tue Jun 21 11:27:26 2011): duplicity --no-encryption --restore-time 1308655646 --file-to-restore ORIG_FILE \ file:///storage/test/ restored-file.txt However, if I run the following command, it restores the from the latest set. duplicity --no-encryption --restore-time 2011-06-21T11:27:26 --file-to-restore \ ORIG_FILE file:///storage/test/ restored-file.txt What am I doing wrong w/ the time? I prefer the second option only because I don't want to have to do the conversion manually.

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• How to manage Areas/Levels in an RPG?

  - by Hexlan

  I'm working on an RPG and I'm trying to figure out how to manage the different levels/areas in the game. Currently I create a new state (source file) for every area, defining its unique aspects. My concern is that as the game grows the number of class files will become unmanageable with all the towns, houses, shops, dungeons, etc. that I need to keep track of. I would also prefer to separate my levels from the source code because non-programmer members of the team will be creating levels, and I would like the engine to be as free from game specific code as possible. I'm thinking of creating a class that provides all the functions that will be the same between all the levels/areas with a unique member variable that can be used to look up level specifics from data. This way I only need to define level/area once in the code, but can create multiple instances each with its own unique aspects provided by data. Is this a good way to go about solving the issue? Is there a better way to handle a growing number of levels?

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• Access points fighting for dominance?

  - by Phillip Oldham

  We have a small office with a large number of wireless devices (a mixture of desktop machines, laptops, and wifi-enabled phones) all working from a single Apple Airport Extreme which extends our wired network. I've added another Airport Extreme for resiliency, since we've been seeing a decrease in performance and (as far as I understand) access points can only handle a small number of clients. I set the new AP to extend the current network so that the clients weren't constantly switching between different wireless networks, however as soon as this AP was configured all the wireless devices started seeing network trouble, flicking on and off. I'm assuming that this is because both APs are reasonably strong, and the client can't decide which to use. What is the best route to follow to resolve this? What I'm aiming for is wireless resiliency; preferably having two APs share the network load, or if this isn't an option then having a primary AP with a "fail-over", should the primary go down for any reason.

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• BI Publisher : Formatting Issues

  - by Manoj Madhusoodanan

  While creating BI Publisher reports the formatting issues are quite common.Here I am discussing some common issues related to BIP report development. 1) First issue is related to column formatting.When you want to display some data which has leading zeros or trailing zeros after '.' in EXCEL output you will not get the desired output.But in PDF it will come as what you are expecting.This is not with the issue of your data. This is due to the unique nature of EXCEL cell format.When you are trying to put a text data in a cell with out making any change to cell format it will treat as number and it will truncate all leading zeros and all trailing zeros after '.' . So what you have to do is to convert that data into a format which EXCEL can treat as text. Eg: If you want to display 0020100 convert this data into ="0020100". Same way for 23789.02300 to ="23789.02300".   Note: This is applicable to EXCEL output only.If you have multiple output type apply it only for EXCEL. 2) Second is related to report size issue in PDF output type.If the number of columns are more and if you want to show most of the columns in one row andif it is a PDF output you can choose the paper size as Legal (8.5 x 14''). You will get more spaces in the template to accommodate more columns. 3) If your XML data contains special characters like &,<,> etc ..  pass the data to DBMS_XMLGEN.CONVERT function.It will replace special characters with corresponding XML notations. Eg: (a>b) & (c!=d) to  (a&gt;b) &amp; (c!=d)

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• Weird bug in Visual Studio 11 Beta when running on Windows 8

  - by raccoon_tim

  With the Windows 8 Consumer Preview version out in the open and the Visual Studio 11 Beta also available, I’ve been putting some more effort into trying them both out. The first impression of the new Visual Studio 11 build was: Why doesn’t it work at all on Windows 8?! The issues I encountered were odd to say the least. Visual Studio did install correctly, which was a good sign, but when I started it, I was greeted with a multitude of popups each telling me that some package could not be loaded. So I clicked away for quite some time to finally be greeted by the new default visual style of Visual Studio. The next thing I wanted to do was start a new project so I pressed “New Project” and got the “Microsoft.VisualStudio.Dialogs.DialogInitializationException” exception. After some pondering and even submitting a bug report I found another already reported bug “http://connect.microsoft.com/VisualStudio/feedback/details/727578/vs-do-not-work-with-finnish-number-format-on-w8-64-bit”. It turns out that the dialog initialization failure has something to do with the packages no being loaded and following the presented workaround helped. The trick is to change the negative number sign to “-“ (U+002D) from the additional settings of your regional settings. This issue appears to have a wider reach than just Visual Studio as I heard at TechDays Finland 2012 that the same fix has to be made when using Hyper-V.

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• Highlighting duplicate column-pair and counting the rows Excel

  - by pleasehelpme

  Given the data below, the column-pair with the same values for at least 4 consecutive rows should be highlighted. image here for better visualization: http://i49.tinypic.com/2jeshtt.jpg 2 2 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 2 3 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 The output should be something like this, where the column-pair values that are the same for at least 4 consecutive rows are highlighted. image here for better visualization: http://i48.tinypic.com/i2lzc8.jpg 2 2 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 2 3 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 Then, I need to know the number of instances of the N-consecutive equal column-pair. Considering the data above, N=4 should be 3 and N=5 should be 1, where N is the number of rows that the column-pair is consecutively equal.

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• Too Many Files In Debian Linux Folder?

  - by Dave Potts

  I've been using an external USB drive on a Debian server for backup. The drive is formatted as NTFS and mounted with ntsfmount. This was working fine, but I was filling up a directory with lots of files. Eventually the backup failed. When I then tried to look at the directory using ls it reported: ls: reading directory .: Numerical result out of range Looking in syslog, I also saw this: Sep 23 07:35:31 tosh ntfsmount[28040]: Failed to read index block: Numerical result out of range. Is this simply that I've reached the upper limit of number of files in a directory? If so, is there any way to extend the number of allowed files?

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• ShoreTel 230 phone calls from website

  - by Michael Irey

  Our company uses these fancy ShoreTel 230 phones. We make many phone calls from our custom built web based contact management system. It would be nice if our employees could click on a phone number from a webpage and have it automatically start dialing the number. (Similar to how iPhone handles this) Anyone every deploy something like this? I would imagine it would require some kind of background running ShoreTel process to accommodate this. 90% of our employees use PC (Windows 7) 10% use OS X Even a PC only solution would be great. Is this even possible and if so, where should one begin? Thanks!

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• Deploy multiple emails to email providers, but without showing favouritism

  - by Ardman

  We are currently developing a new email deployment system. We have the system currently configured so that it reads a record from the database and loads the email content and deploys it to the target. Now we want to move this over to multiple threads. That is easily done, except we then hit the email providers returning SMTP codes referring to "Too many connections", or "Deferred connection". The solution to this is to have a thread open up a connection to the email provider and deploy n emails and then disconnect. We have currently configured the application so that it will support these session based email deployments. The problem is this, the database table has multiple email addresses in and they aren't grouped by email provider because that will show favouritism. We need to be able to retrieve a set number of, i.e. Hotmail, emails (@hotmail.com, @hotmail.co.uk, @live.co.uk) so that we are reducing the number of connections to Hotmail and reducing the risks of getting the "Too many connections" error. We are at the point now where we have gone round and round in circles trying to get a solution, so I thought I'd throw it out there and see if anyone has any ideas? EDIT I would like to stress that this application is not used for spamming purposes.

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• How to add display resolution fo an LCD in Ubuntu 12.04? xrandr problem

  - by SeregaI

  I am fresh for Ubuntu and Linux in general. I have installed Ubuntu 12.04 and stuck trying to setup correct resolution for my LCD display. The native resolution for the LCD is 1920x1080 here is the output from xrandr: $xrandr Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1280 x 720, maximum 4096 x 4096 LVDS1 connected 1280x720+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 0mm x 0mm 1280x720 60.0*+ 800x600 60.3 56.2 640x480 59.9 VGA1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) Then I create new modeline: $ cvt 1920 1080 60 1920x1080 59.96 Hz (CVT 2.07M9) hsync: 67.16 kHz; pclk: 173.00 MHz Modeline "1920x1080_60.00" 173.00 1920 2048 2248 2576 1080 1083 1088 1120 -hsync +vsync So far so good. then I create new mode using xrandr: $ xrandr --newmode "1920x1080_60.00" 173.00 1920 2048 2248 2576 1080 1083 1088 1120 -hsync +vsync But for some reason that new mode was created for VGA (VGA1) output instead of LCD output (LVDS1): $ xrandr Screen 0: minimum 320 x 200, current 1280 x 720, maximum 4096 x 4096 LVDS1 connected 1280x720+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 0mm x 0mm 1280x720 60.0*+ 800x600 60.3 56.2 640x480 59.9 VGA1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 1920x1080_60.00 (0xbc) 173.0MHz <---------- ????!!!!!! h: width 1920 start 2048 end 2248 total 2576 skew 0 clock 67.2KHz v: height 1080 start 1083 end 1088 total 1120 clock 60.0Hz So, if I try to add mode to LVDS1, I get an error: $ xrandr --addmode LVDS1 "1920x1080_60.00" X Error of failed request: BadMatch (invalid parameter attributes) Major opcode of failed request: 149 (RANDR) Minor opcode of failed request: 18 (RRAddOutputMode) Serial number of failed request: 25 Current serial number in output stream: 26 Adding that new mode to VGA1 works fine, but I don't use that VGA1 output.

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• Can a candidate be judged by asking to write a complex program on "paper"?

  - by iammilind

  Sometime back in an interview, I was asked to write following program: In a keypad of a mobile phone, there is a mapping between number and characters. e.g. 0 & 1 corresponds to nothing; 2 corresponds to 'a','b','c'; 3 corresponds to 'd','e','f'; ...; 9 corresponds to 'w','x','y','z'. User should input any number (e.g. 23, 389423, 927348923747293) and I should store all the combinations of these character mapping into some data structure. For example, if user enters "23" then possible character combinations are: ad, ae, af, bd, be, bf, cd, ce, cf or if user enters, "4676972" then it can be, gmpmwpa, gmpmwpb, ..., hnroxrc, ..., iosozrc Interviewer told that people have written code for this within 20-30 mins!! Also he insisted I have to write on paper. If I am writing a code then my tendency is as of I am writing production code, even though it may not be expected from me. So, I always try to think all the aspects like, optimization, readability, maintainability, extensible and so on. Considering all these, I felt that I should be writing on PC and it needs decent 2 hours. Finally after 25 mins, I was able to come up with just the concept and some shattered pieces of code (not to mention of my rejection). My question is not the answer for the above program. I want to know that is this a right way to judge the caliber of a person ? Am I wrong / too slow in the estimates ? Am I too idealistic ?

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• Question regarding Readability vs Processing Time

  - by Jordy

  I am creating a flowchart for a program with multiple sequential steps. Every step should be performed if the previous step is succesful. I use a c-based programming language so the lay-out would be something like this: METHOD 1: if(step_one_succeeded()) { if(step_two_succeeded()) { if(step_three_succeeded()) { //etc. etc. } } } If my program would have 15+ steps, the resulting code would be terribly unfriendly to read. So I changed my design and implemented a global errorcode that I keep passing by reference, make everything more readable. The resulting code would be something like this: METHOD 2: int _no_error = 0; step_one(_no_error); if(_no_error == 0) step_two(_no_error); if(_no_error == 0) step_three(_no_error); if(_no_error == 0) step_two(_no_error); The cyclomatic complexibility stays the same. Now let's say there are N number of steps. And let's assume that checking a condition is 1 clock long and performing a step doesn't take up time. The processing speed of Method1 can be anywhere between 1 and N. The processing speed of Method2 however is always equal to N-1. So Method1 will be faster most of the time. Which brings me to my question, is it bad practice to sacrifice time in order to make the code more readable? And why (not)?

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• Windows DFS Limitations

  - by Phil

  So far I have seen an article on performance and scalability mainly focusing on how long it takes to add new links. But is there any information about limitations regarding number of files, number of folders, total size, etc? Right now I have a single file server with millions of JPGs (approx 45 TB worth) that are shared on the network through several standard file shares. I plan to create a DFS namespace and replicate all these images to another server for high availability purposes. Will I encounter extra problems with DFS that I'm otherwise not experiencing with plain-jane file shares? Is there a more recommended way to replicate these millions of files and make them available on the network? EDIT: I would experiment on my own and write a blog post about it, but I don't have the hardware for the second server yet. I'd like to collect information before buying 45 TB of hard drive space...

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• JAVA - multirow array

  - by user51447

  Here is my situation: a company has x number of employees and x number of machines. When someone is sick, the program have to give the best possible solution of people on the machines. But the employees can't work on every machine. I need a code for making little groups of possible solutions. this is a static example private int[][] arrayCompetenties={{0,0,1,0,1},{1,0,1,0,1},{1,1,0,0,1},{1,1,1,1,1},{0,0,0,0,1}}; = row is for the people and columns are for machines m1 m2 m3 m4 m5 m6 m7 p1 1 1 p2 1 1 1 1 p3 1 1 1 p4 1 1 1 p5 1 1 1 1 p6 1 1 1 1 p7 1 1 1 1 1 1 my question = with what code do i connect all the people to machine in groups (all the posibilities) like: p1 - m1 , p2-m2 , p3 - m3 , p4-m4 , p5 - m5 , p6-m6 p1 - m1 , p2-m3 , p3 - m3 , p4-m4 , p5 - m5 , p6-m6 p1 - m1 , p2-m4 , p3 - m5 , p4-m4 , p5 - m5 , p6-m6 p1 - m1 , p2-m5 , p3 - m3 , p4-m4 , p5 - m5 , p6-m6 p1 - m1 , p2-m2 , p3 - m3 , p4-m4 , p5 - m5 , p6-m6 .... i need a loop buth how? =D thanks!

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• Reserve one http slot for /server-status?

  - by Stefan Lasiewski

  I have an Apache server which is hanging for some reason. When I normally want to check on the load of an Apache server, I tend to use mod_status via the URL at http://webserver1.example.org/server-status or from the commandline like service httpd fullstatus. However today, the Server is refusing all new connections. Some mysterious problem is causing connections to stall, which means that number of connections fills up all available connections (e.g. The number of connects exceeds the MaxClients setting), and therefore neither http://webserver1.example.org/server-status nor service httpd fullstatus can return anything. Is it possible to configure Apache to reserve one or two slots for the mod_status pages?

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• How to fix 0x800CCC0E Error Codes?

  - by greenber

  I recently started receiving the above-mentioned error which is apparently a Winsock error message it is preventing me from checking my e-mail with Gmail, although there is no problem with my e-mail was ATT e-mail and MSN mail. I found a number of supposed fixit programs which found a great number of errors in my registry (although Wyse and Glary did not find anything wrong with my registry?) And offered to fix them for a fee. I would much rather not pay! :-) Does anybody here know what is causing this error and how to fix it? oh – I am using Windows 7/ultimate and Live Mail as my e-mail reader. Thank you. Ross

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• Dealing with Fine-Grained Cache Entries in Coherence

  - by jpurdy

  On occasion we have seen significant memory overhead when using very small cache entries. Consider the case where there is a small key (say a synthetic key stored in a long) and a small value (perhaps a number or short string). With most backing maps, each cache entry will require an instance of Map.Entry, and in the case of a LocalCache backing map (used for expiry and eviction), there is additional metadata stored (such as last access time). Given the size of this data (usually a few dozen bytes) and the granularity of Java memory allocation (often a minimum of 32 bytes per object, depending on the specific JVM implementation), it is easily possible to end up with the case where the cache entry appears to be a couple dozen bytes but ends up occupying several hundred bytes of actual heap, resulting in anywhere from a 5x to 10x increase in stated memory requirements. In most cases, this increase applies to only a few small NamedCaches, and is inconsequential -- but in some cases it might apply to one or more very large NamedCaches, in which case it may dominate memory sizing calculations. Ultimately, the requirement is to avoid the per-entry overhead, which can be done either at the application level by grouping multiple logical entries into single cache entries, or at the backing map level, again by combining multiple entries into a smaller number of larger heap objects. At the application level, it may be possible to combine objects based on parent-child or sibling relationships (basically the same requirements that would apply to using partition affinity). If there is no natural relationship, it may still be possible to combine objects, effectively using a Coherence NamedCache as a "map of maps". This forces the application to first find a collection of objects (by performing a partial hash) and then to look within that collection for the desired object. This is most naturally implemented as a collection of entry processors to avoid pulling unnecessary data back to the client (and also to encapsulate that logic within a service layer). At the backing map level, the NIO storage option keeps keys on heap, and so has limited benefit for this situation. The Elastic Data features of Coherence naturally combine entries into larger heap objects, with the caveat that only data -- and not indexes -- can be stored in Elastic Data.

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• Enterprise Instrumentation: The 'sessionName' parameter of value 'TraceSession' is not valid

  - by Michael Freidgeim

  We are still using Enterprise Instrumentation(that was created during .Net 1.1 time)In new Server 2008 environment and IIS 7 we have the following errors:The 'sessionName' parameter of value 'TraceSession' is not valid. A trace session of this name does not exist in the TraceSessions configuration file for Windows Trace Session Manager service. Ensure that a session of this name exists in the TraceSessions configuration file and that the Windows Trace Session Manager service is started.   at Microsoft.EnterpriseInstrumentation.EventSinks.TraceEventSink..ctor(IDictionary parameters, EventSource eventSource)   --- End of inner exception stack trace ---   at System.RuntimeMethodHandle._InvokeConstructor(IRuntimeMethodInfo method, Object[] args, SignatureStruct& signature, RuntimeType declaringType)   at System.Reflection.RuntimeConstructorInfo.Invoke(BindingFlags invokeAttr, Binder binder, Object[] parameters, CultureInfo culture)   at System.RuntimeType.CreateInstanceImpl(BindingFlags bindingAttr, Binder binder, Object[] args, CultureInfo culture, Object[] activationAttributes)   at Microsoft.EnterpriseInstrumentation.EventSinks.EventSink.CreateNewEventSinks(DataRow[] eventSinkRows, EventSource eventSource)I’ve seen the same errors on development Win7 machines when using IIS. It seems not a problem on Cassini.I've checked ,that Windows Trace Session Manager Service has started and The file C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Enterprise Instrumentation\Bin\Trace Service\TraceSessions.config has corresponding entry<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><configuration >                <defaultParameters minBuffers="4" maxFileSize="10" maxBuffers="25" bufferSize="20" logFileMode="sequential" flushTimer="3" />                <sessionList>                                 <session name="TraceSession" enabled="false" fileName="C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Enterprise Instrumentation\Bin\Trace Service\Logs\TraceLog.log" />                </sessionList></configuration>The errors still continue, but I was able to disable  the parameter in  eventSink configuration   <eventSink name=" traceSink" description=" Outputs events to the Windows Event Trace." type ="Microsoft.EnterpriseInstrumentation.EventSinks.TraceEventSink ">                <!-- MNF disabled parameter to  avoid error "The 'sessionName' parameter of value 'TraceSession' is not valid"                      < parameter name ="sessionName " value ="TraceSession " />                    -->    </ eventSink>Related old post http://bytes.com/topic/net/answers/104761-enterprise-instrumentation-windows-trace-session-managerOne day I wish to replace all EnterpriseInstrumentation calls with NLog.

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• Writing Macros to find a specific cell and paste the value from a control cell into it

  - by G-Edinburgh

  I am having some issues writing a Macro to do the following. I have a very long list of rooms with two columns one containing the room number i.e. B-CL102 and the other containing a varying integer.I am looking to create a new column that will contain another different integer for each of the rooms. Is there any way to write a Macro so that I can use two control cells at the top of the sheet, type the room number into one and the integer matching that room into another, then run the Macro and it will automatically populate the correct cell. Then I can change the two values in the control cells and run the Macro again and so on. Thanks for your help, I have a very minimal amount of experience with Macros essentially just the basics. Thanks G

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• Questions before I revamp my rendering engine to use shaders (GLSL)

  - by stephelton

  I've written a fairly robust rendering engine using OpenGL ES 1.1 (fixed-function.) I've been looking into revamping the engine to use OpenGL ES 2.0, which necessitates that I use shaders. I've been absorbing information all day long and still have some questions. Firstly, lighting. The fixed-function pipeline is guaranteed to have at least 8 lights available. My current engine finds lights that are "close" to the primitives being drawn and enables them; I don't know how many lights are going to be enabled until I draw a given model. Nothing is dynamically allocated in GLSL, so I have to define in a shader some number of lights to be used, right? So if I want to stick with 8, should I write my general purpose shader to have 8 lights and then use uniforms to tell it how many / which lights to use? Which brings me to another question: should I be concerned with the amount of data I'm allocating in a shader? Recent video cards have hundreds of "stream processors." If I've got a fragment shader being used on some number of fragments in a given triangle, I assume they must each have their own stack to work on. Are read-only variables copied here, or read when needed? My initial goal is to rework my code so that it is virtually identical to the current implementation. What I have in mind is to create my own matrix stack so that I can implement something along the lines of push/popMatrix and apply all my translations, rotations, and scales to this matrix, then provide the matrix to the vertex shader so that it can make very quick vertex translations. Is this approach sound? Edit: My original intention was to ask if there was a tutorial that would explain the bare minimum necessary to jump from fixed-function to using shaders. Thanks!

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• Is there a common programming term for the problems of adding features to an already-featureful program?

  - by Jeremy Friesner

  I'm looking for a commonly used programming term to describe a software-engineering phenomenon, which (for lack of a better way to describe it) I'll illustrate first with a couple of examples-by-analogy: Scenario 1: We want to build/extend a subway system on the outskirts of a small town in Wyoming. There are the usual subway-problems to solve, of course (hiring the right construction company, choosing the best route, buying the subway cars), but other than that it's pretty straightforward to implement the system because there aren't a huge number of constraints to satisfy. Scenario 2: Same as above, except now we need to build/extend the subway system in downtown Los Angeles. Here we face all of the problems we did in case (1), but also additional problems -- most of the applicable space is already in use, and has a vocal constituency which will protest loudly if we inconvenience them by repurposing, redesigning, or otherwise modifying the infrastructure that they rely on. Because of this, extensions to the system happen either very slowly and expensively, or they don't happen at all. I sometimes see a similar pattern with software development -- adding a new feature to a small/simple program is straightforward, but as the program grows, adding further new features becomes more and more difficult, if only because it is difficult to integrate the new feature without adversely affecting any of the large number of existing use-cases or user-constituencies. (even with a robust, adaptable program design, you run into the problem of the user interface becoming so elaborate that the program becomes difficult to learn or use) Is there a term for this phenomenon?

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• Who can change the View in MVC?

  - by Luke

  I'm working on a thick client graph displaying and manipulation application. I'm trying to apply the MVC pattern to our 3D visualization component. Here is what I have for the Model, View, and Controller: Model - The graph and it's metadata. This includes vertices, edges, and the attributes of each. It does not contain position information, icons, colors, or anything display related. View - This would commonly be called a scene graph. It includes the 3D display information, texture information, color information, and anything else that is related specifically to the visualization of the model. Controller - The controller takes the view and displays it in a Window using OpenGL (but it could potentially be any 3D graphics package). The application has various "layouts" that change the position of the vertices in the display. For instance, one layout may arrange the vertices in a circle. Is it common for these layouts to access and change the view directly? Should they go through the Controller to access the View? If they go through the Controller, should they just ask for direct access to the View or should each change go through the controller? I realize this is a bit different from the standard MVC example where there a finite number of Views. In this case, the View can change in an infinite number of ways. Perhaps I'm shattering some basic principle of MVC here. Thanks in advance!

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