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• File permissions on web server

  - by plua

  I have just read this useful article on files permissions, and I am about to implement a as-strict-as-possible file permissions policy on our webserver. Our situation: we have a web server accessed through sftp by different users from within our company, and we have the general public accessing Apache - sometimes uploading files through PHP. I distinguish folders and files by their use. So based on this reading, here is my plan: All people who need to upload files will have separate users. But all of those users will belong to two groups: uploaders, and webserver. Apache will belong to the group webserver. Directories Permission: 771 Owner: user:uploaders Explanation: to access files in the folder, everybody needs to have execute permission. Only uploaders will be adding/removing files, so they also get r+w permission. Files within the web-root Permission: 664 Owner: user:uploaders Explanation: they will be uploaded and changed by different users, so both owner and group need to have w+r permissions. Webserver needs to only read files, so r permission only. Upload-directories Permission: 771 Owner: user:webserver Explanation: when files need to be uploaded, Apache needs to be able to write to this directory. But I figure it is safer to change the owner to webroot, thus giving Apache sufficient privileges (and all uploaders also belong to this group and will have the same permissions), while safeguarding from "others" writing to this folder. Uploaded files Permission: 664 Owner: user:webserver Explanation: after uploading Apache might need to delete files, but this is no problem because they have w+r permission of the folder. So no need to make this file any more accessible than r access for group. Being not an expert on file permissions, my question is whether or not this is the best possible policy for our situation? Any suggestions welcome.

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• Windows Broken after Deletion of HP_TOOLS partition

  - by beanland

  When I decided to install Ubuntu on my laptop as a dual-boot, I recognized that Windows 7 was using four separate partitions. I (yes, this was stupid) thought the HP_TOOLS partition was probably one I could get rid of, so I deleted it and installed Ubuntu side-by-side Windows using the installation wizard, but now Windows won't progress past the loading screen without the computer automatically restarting. I've had to use Ubuntu exclusively since then. I'm not sure how I can recover it. All of my files seem to still be there--I can mount the other partition and see them, use them, etc--but Windows 7 won't boot. I really have no idea what to do or what to try, or even if I'm at a salvageable point. here's a screenshot of GParted: This makes me suspicious that it wasn't necessarily the removal of my HP_TOOLS partition but the "unknown" status of that 992.50 KiB partition there, sda1. I'm assuming that's the recovery one? How can I get Windows bootable again? I'm sorry, but I'm so unfamiliar with this sort of thing I'm not quite sure where to start.

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• Sizing Switches for Storage and Production

  - by Untalented

  Couple questions. Should you always completely separate the storage network switches from production switches or are VLANs fine to segment this traffic? Is there a golden rule here? How do you properly size a switch for your environment based on the specifications the manufacturer provide (Throughput, Forwarding Throughput, Stacking Throughput, Max Mac)? If you have two switch options and one has a maximum Mac address of 8,000 vs. another with 16,0000. What does this really mean to me? How do make sure one vs. another is sized properly for me? Besides VLAN and Jumbo Frame support, is there any other "Must" haves for a virtual environments production or storage networks? There is a wealth of knowledge on sizing SANs and such, but this seems equally important and it's quite challenging to find as much information. -- Just to add some tidbits of information for the environment. This setup above is referring to the data centers which supports two different locations which have about 100 users between the two in total. The storage traffic will be iSCSI and will be 3 ESXi Hosts and one SAN housing about 2.7TB of data. Since there is currently no storage network in place (no SAN), I'm having a hard time regarding #2 to really determine what backplane throughput and switch specifications will be sufficient.

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• Hardware testing tool/suite

  - by Aviator

  Hi All, I just bought a new core i5 system (assembled) and started installing Windows 7. It was failing for many times and at some point got installed. After that, frequent crashes related to MEMORY. So checked the RAM using memtest86+ and found many errors.I got it replaced with the vendor and now if i install ANY OS, at some point in installation it either freezes completely with no response for hours, or restarts automatically. I tried installing Windows 7, Windows Vista and Ubuntu 9.10. I tested the new RAM again and found no problems in about 2 passes using memtest86+. I even updated the BIOS using bootable USB and even the problem persists. I am really not sure which hardware is causing trouble. I dont have any OS inside it, so i have to check using bootable CDs DVDs and USB only. Please advice on how to proceed. Are there any suites/ separate tools for checking integrity of each hardware parts and troubleshoot it? I wanted to confirm which part is problematic before going for replacement. Thanks a lot! This is the config: Core i5, MSI P55-GD65, GSKill 2x2GB, Seagate 500GB 7200rpm, CM Extreme 600W PSU, Saphhire Radeon 5770 1GB, LG DVD Writer

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• DBCC CHECKDB fails and quits job, ambiguous error message.

  - by ddono25

  I received a notice that one of our servers' DBCC CHECKDB for all databases has been failing the past four times it has been run. We don't have any data prior to that, but it doesn't look like it has been succeeding for awhile. There are no errors in the log file only: DBCC results for 'sys.sysxmlfacet'. [SQLSTATE 01000] Msg 0, Sev 0, State 1: Unspecified error occurred on SQL Server. Connection may have been terminated by the server. [SQLSTATE HY000] There are 112 rows in 1 pages for object "sys.sysxmlfacet". [SQLSTATE 01000] I ran a DBCC CHECKDB using sp_MSForEachDB to get more accurate results and had the same error on the same DB but at a separate point: DBCC results for 'NameValuePair_Greek_CI_AS'. [SQLSTATE 01000] Msg 0, Sev 0, State 1: Unspecified error occurred on SQL Server. Connection may have been terminated by the server. [SQLSTATE HY000] There are 0 rows in 0 pages for object "NameValuePair_Greek_CI_AS". [SQLSTATE 01000] Also, the error-log states that the DBCC completed without errors for this database. I can't figure out how to track down this ambiguous issue that only happens on this database out of the dozens on this server. Any help is appreciated!

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• Google Apps Domain Level Shared Contacts?

  - by dkirk

  My firm just switched to Google Apps Premiere addition 2 weeks ago and aside from the way Google handles shared contacts, things are going quite well. Previously, on our Exchange server we had numerous shared contact lists set up in the shared folders. We had a separate list for vendors, sales agents, etc.. Is there not a way to set up lists or groups such as this on the domain level in Google Apps? I have found a ton of forums with users asking the same question but no good answers unless you purchase some third party app in the marketplace. I have toyed around with the "google-shared-contacts-client" here: http://code.google.com/p/google-shared-contacts-client/ and this almost does it but it falls short when trying to group contacts on the domain level or when trying to search for a contact by company name. Are either of these things possible? I am now looking to create a Google Doc spreadsheet to share with the domain just to have a separated defined list of contacts that is search-able by various fields... Anyone who could shed some light on domain level contact sharing relating to the points above, I would be most grateful...

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• php-cgi.exe Taking out server, multiple running

  - by Alex

  I have been using ZendServer CE for over a year and have never had a problem. Recently, about a week or two ago I have found my server to be acting up and even causing RDP to be un-connectable. After some looking around I have 20, 25, 30+ php-cgi.exe running. With my IIS7 service starting with Windows once my server started all these php-cgi.exe would start running (even though the limit is 10) and I could not even connect to it. After disabling the Web Server as startup which stops php-cgi.exe from running the server runs flawless, like it always has. As soon as I run the web server all these odd issues start. I have a post over at Zend http://forums.zend.com/viewtopic.php?f=44&t=41043&p=95133 where I was told to update my Zend install. After doing so this issue has not gone away. Even running 1 php-cgi.exe (somehow 2 start anyway) the server begins to go silly. The first issue I find myself with running php-cgi.exe is that Windows Services, weather be stock or using FireDaemon begin to lag, slow start, crash, etc. If anyone can help me with this I would GREATLY appreciate it. At this time I am forced to look for a alternative to running PHP other than cgi as it simply takes out the whole box. On another note, I run this same version of Zend on a similar server with no issues. Starting to think its a IIS issue. (UPDATE) Installed newest version of PHP, separate from Zend, same issue. Server Specs: Intel Xeon Quad w HT Nehlam Based 24GB DDR3 1333 2x1TB Raid Mirror OS 2x1TB Raid Mirror (Other) 4x2TB Raid 5 (Storage) Server 2008 R2

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• screen scraper templates for various websites

  - by intuited

  I'm looking specifically for a convenient way to locally archive posts from this and other similar sites. I'd like to separate the question itself from the answers, or maybe crop the question and store it, keeping the page title. Obviously I don't need to store the menu or the various other site interface chrome. The best way to do this would seem to be to associate an XSLT template with a match on the URL and use that template to pull the various relevant informations and format them. My two-part question: Is there a tool specifically built for this task? I.E. something that takes a URL and checks it against a map of path-matching expressions to templates, and outputs the result of applying the template to that resource? xmlto seems to be most of the way there, and could probably just be called from a script that does the pattern-matching, but something already integrated would be more convenient. Is such a URL_pattern-to-XSLT_template map publicly available somewhere? Question 2.5: Is it legal to do this with sites like this one that have public licenses on their content?

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• Grub Installation Failed: Fatal Error ... now what I do?

  - by eklavya

  I know there are some threads that touch this but I feel I have done something uniquely stupid. hence the post and plea for help. I am a beginner @ Linux. So I have a PC with a HDD (hard disk drive) and SSD (solid state drive) It was running Linux Mint /dev/sda1 - HDD Partition 1 - 2 TB (mounted this is /home /dev/sda2 - HDD Partition 2 - 1 TB (separate back up drive, i was backing up files to this) /dev/sdb1 - SSD Partition 1 - 100 GB (OS) /dev/sdb2 - SSD Partition 2 - 20 GB (Swap) The operating system was Linux Mint and was installed on the /dev/sdb1 i.e the solid state drive. I had partitioned off the sda into 2 TB and 1TB and presented the 2 TB as the /home to the OS. Anyway last night I decided to make a return to Ubuntu via the path of Elementary OS. Everything went fine with the install until it stated that GRUB installed failed and this was a Fatal error (no kidding I said). No I am stuck. I have definitely done something wrong and don't know what it is... My biggest pain is the files on the /dev/sda2. I want to save these before I try something drastic like wiping off the /dev/sda completely. So I have the following questions... Can I use a liveCD USB to save these files ? I can see the /dev/sda2 but was unable to access the files in the liveCD last not least ... how do I fix the main issue here. Why could the OS not install GRUB 2b... why is my SSD the /dev/sdb ... and not /dev/sda. Does that have something to do with it that my master boot record sits on the HDD /dev/sda and not /dev/sdb

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• How many iptables block rules is too many

  - by mhost

  We have a server with a Quad-Core AMD Opteron Processor 2378. It acts as our firewall for several servers. I've been asked to block all IPs from China. In a separate network, we have some small VPS machines (256MB and 512MB). I've been asked to block china on those VPS's as well. I've looked online and found lists which requires 4500 block rules. My question is will putting in all 4500 rules be a problem? I know iptables can handle far more rules than that, what I am concerned about is since these are blocks that I don't want to have access to any port, I need to put these rules before any allow. This means all legitimate traffic needs to be compared to all those rules before getting through. Will the traffic be noticeably slower after implementing this? Will those small VPS's be able to handle processing that many rules for every new packet (I'll put an established allow before the blocks)? My question is not How many rules can iptables support?, its about the effect that these rules will have on load and speed. Thanks.

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• VOIP and internet connection speeds [cable vs. fiber]

  - by microchasm

  Our office is migrating to IP telephony. We have less than 10 employees that will be using the phones. We currently have cable internet, and they just bumped the speeds: There is a data center that was just recently built in our building, and we were considering co-lo'ing there in the near future. As a result, they offered us access to their triple-redundant internet, but it's quite expensive. They are offering 3mbps committed with up to 10mbps burst for $250/month (discounted). We pay ~$120 for our cable (which the plan was to keep--at least for TV). I want the phone system and LAN to be as separate as possible. Was thinking about keeping the cable for LAN, and using the other connection for the phones (until I saw the price). Now I'm thinking it might make sense to add on to our existing cable setup, and change our phone to only have DSL as a backup for the cable. Is there any real benefit to the fiber? Especially for the price? Any other suggestions or ideas? Thanks.

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• Modifying value of "Rating" column within Explorer for arbitrary file types.

  - by Fake Name

  Basically, I have a large body of assorted media (text, images, flash files, archives, folders, etc...) and I'm attempting to organize it. Windows Explorer has a rating column, but there seems to be no way to modify the rating of the files short of opening them in their type-specific software (e.g. Media player, or Photo viewer). However, this does not work when the file is of an unsupported type (.rar, .swf ...), or a directory. I'd be more than willing to consider a file-manager replacement (I've alreadly looked at quite a few, Directory Opus, Total Commander, etc...), or even a solution that stores the rating metadata in a hidden file in each folder, or a separate database. The one real critical requirement is the ability to sort by rating, and being filetype-agnostic. Basically, is there any way to categorize a large collection of assorted files by rating that will work with any file type, including directories? - Ideally, there would be an easy way to add arbitrary columns to windows explorer, and edit them directly. However, there seems to be no way to do this. The rating column is the next best thing.

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• Moving from 1 Linux Partition to Many over USB Mount

  - by Mistiry

  We have devices which use Compact Flash for storage. They work OK, but we recently got industrial-grade CF cards to start using. One of the major problems we get is corruption on the flash card. As it is now, these flash cards run Debian with everything in a single partition. We want to have multiple partitions on the new industrial CF cards to help avoid some of the corruption problems. I booted up the device, and attached a USB CF reader. I then used fdisk to partition the CF card in the USB reader. How can I move the data to these partitions so that it works? I have a partition for each of these directories: /lib /var /root /boot /tmp /home /etc / swap space I imagine I can't just use rsync - do I need to attach a second CF reader with a copy of the CF card, so that it's not active and in-use - and then copy from the first reader to the second? How will the system know where to find its files? I know I'd have to change fstab, but that resides in /etc, which will be on a separate partition...how will it find the fstab file if it can't find /etc? And what about grub? I'm at a loss, perhaps its just because I'm under the weather, or I'm just missing a piece of logic here... Any help is greatly appreciated, this is somewhat urgent as our existing stock is nearing its end and we don't want to purchase anything but these industrial cards, but need to get it working with partitions.

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• pgpool2+streaming replication failover on only 2 servers?

  - by aneez

  I am trying to configure pgpool2 and postgresql 9.1 to handle failover. I currently have streaming replication running, and are using pgpool2 for read-only load balancing. I have 2 servers in my setup, both running postgresql - 1 master and 1 slave. The master is also running pgpool2. My question is how do I configure this setup to handle failover? Specifically in the case that the master crashes, and the slave has to take over and run pgpool2 as well. Most documentation and examples I have been able to find assumes that pgpool2 is running on a separate server and thus "never" crashes. I may or may not be attacking the problem using the wrong tools. In my production setup I have a total of 3 identical servers all in independent locations. The main goal of the setup is to achieve a high uptime. Thus failover should be automatic, and bringing a failed node back up should cause only minimal downtime. I want all 3 nodes to be as close to identical as possible, and be able to run with just 1 or 2 nodes available. And if possible I want to use load balancing to improve performance. If anyone can help me gain some insight into how to do this using my current setup or suggest a different/better setup. Thank you!

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• where Redirect permanent rule need to be add

  - by eli1128

  I want redirect my web site http request to https my web site is https://test my apache is version 2.4 and ssl configration is (ssl.conf) on separate file from httpd.conf and I am not using .htaccess file so where I should append. i have tried on both file but didn't work. Redirect permanent / https://test is that should be on my httpd.conf or ssl.conf or did I miss something else. I prefer to use redirect over rewrite. Rewrite.log 10.10.86.1 - - [05/Apr/2012:15:10:19 --0700] [test/sid#7ce00][rid#277448/initial/redir#1] (2) init rewrite engine with requested uri /error/HTTP_BAD_REQUEST.html.var 10.10.86.1 - - [05/Apr/2012:15:10:19 --0700] [test/sid#7ce00][rid#277448/initial/redir#1] (3) applying pattern '^(.*)$' to uri '/error/HTTP_BAD_REQUEST.html.var' 10.10.86.1 - - [05/Apr/2012:15:10:19 --0700] [test/sid#7ce00][rid#277448/initial/redir#1] (4) RewriteCond: input='off' pattern='!=on' = matched 10.10.86.1 - - [05/Apr/2012:15:10:19 --0700] [test/sid#7ce00][rid#277448/initial/redir#1] (2) rewrite /error/HTTP_BAD_REQUEST.html.var - *ttps://test/error/HTTP_BAD_REQUEST.html.var[QSA,R=301,L] 10.10.86.1 - - [05/Apr/2012:15:10:19 --0700] [test/sid#7ce00][rid#277448/initial /redir#1] (2) implicitly forcing redirect (rc=302) with *ttps://test/error/HTTP_BAD_REQUEST.html.var[QSA,R=301,L] 10.10.86.1 - - [05/Apr/2012:15:10:19 --0700] [test/sid#7ce00][rid#277448/initial/redir#1] (1) escaping *ttps://test/error/HTTP_BAD_REQUEST.html.var[QSA,R=301,L] for redirect 10.10.86.1 - - [05/Apr/2012:15:10:19 --0700] [test/sid#7ce00][rid#277448/initial/redir#1] (1) redirect to *ttps://test/error/HTTP_BAD_REQUEST.html.var%5bQSA,R=301,L%5d [REDIRECT/302]

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• Linux Has Become Very Slow Dealing With Large Data

  - by Kohjah Breese

  Last year I bought a computer, for around $1,800, so it is relatively high-end. When I first got it I was particularly pleased at how quick it dealt with large MySQL queries, imports and exports. But somewhere along the way something has gone wrong and I am not sure how to diagnose the problem. Any job that involves processing large amounts of data, e.g. gzipping file c. 1GB+, UPDATEs on large MySQL tables etc. have become very slow. I just performed an intensive alter statement on a 240,000,000 row table on a remote server, which is lower spec. This took about 10 minutes. However, performing the same query on a 167,000,000 row table on my computer went fine until it hit 860MB. Now it is only writing about 1MB every 15 seconds. Does anyone have any advice as to debugging what the issue is? I am using LinuxMint (based on Ubuntu 12.04.) The home partition is encrypted, which really slows down gzip. I have noticed the swap is barely used, but am not sure if that is because there is more than enough RAM. The filesystem is ext4. The MySQL server is on a separate hard drive, but it was fine when I first installed it. Other than the above issues, there are no other problems with it. I am going to install a fresh Ubuntu on the 4th hard drive to see if that is any different.

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• Revamping an old and unstable IT-solution for a customer?

  - by cmbrnt

  I've been given the cumbersome task to totally redo the IT-infrastructure for a customer's office. They are currently running Windows XP all over, with one computer acting as a file server with no control over which users have access to which files, and so on. To top it off, this file server also functions as a workstation, which means it gets rebooted every time the user notices some sluggish behavior or experiences problems with flash games. To say the least, this isn't working for them. Now - I've got a very slim budget, but I need to set up a new server, and I wish to run Windows Server 2008 on it. I also need the ability to access the network remotely via VPN. Would it be a good idea to install VMware ESXi 4.1 onto the new server, and then run Windows Server 2008 as well as a separate Debian install for openvpn on it? I don't like the Domain Controller for the future AD to also run a VPN-server, because of stability issues when something goes to hell with either of them. There will be no redundancy though. However, I'm not sure if there is something to gain by installing a VPN solution on the Windows Server itself, when it comes to accessing file shares on the network via VPN. I don't know how to enable users logging in via the VPN to access the remote files, since they will be accessing the network from their own home computers (which is indeed a really bad idea, but this is what I've got to work with). They won't be logged in to the windows Domain, but rather their home workgroups. I need to be able to grant access to files in certain directories based on the logged in AD-user, but every computer won't necessarily be configured to log into the domain. I'm not sure how to explain this in a good way, but I'd be happy to clarify if somethings not clear. Any help would be great, because I've got a feeling that I can't do this without introducing a bunch of costly new rules when it comes to their IT-solution. I'd rather leave that untouched and go on my merry way to the next assignment.

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• How can I assign DHCP leases from a script?

  - by devicenull

  I have an environment where there is one DHCP server servicing a number of different hosts/vlans. The switches are configured to forward the DHCP requests over (via ip-helper) and include information about the port (option 82). I'd like to take that information and translate it into an actual lease for the server. I don't think it's particularly feasible for me to pregenerate a list of available leases, but I should be able to determine an address for a lease as it comes in. Is there an DHCP server that can execute a script when it receives a request? (Note: I'm looking to assign the IP from the script, not have the DHCP server assign an IP then execute the script) Edit: So, ultimately I'm trying to provide DHCP/PXE services over a large number of distinct vlans. This is so we can do OS installs via PXE booting without having to have a separate PXE vlan. I've got the switch config down no problem, and I have the DHCP server recognizing option 82. I need a way to pull DHCP assignments from another system (this other system would know what subnet to use on what vlan), but I do not want to have to pregenerate a list of vlan:DHCP range pairs.

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• 1 PC, 2 consoles (as in 2 monitors, keyboards and mice)

  - by ciuly

  I have this desire to "kill 2 birds with one shot". Currently, I have 1 server running round the clock, 1 laptop that runs about 8 hours a day, 7 days a week, and a desktop that runs about the same length of time. All 3 are ... old, to say the least. So there is a great need to upgrade (well, the server might handle its job for another year or so, but that only depends on how much time I have to put it to "work"). Now, I'm "dreaming" of only one PC. I'm thinking vmware's ESX. So there will be a VM for the server, a VM for the "laptop" and one for the "desktop". And obviously I'll have to somehow "link" a set of monitor/keyboard/mouse with one of the laptop/desktop VMs. The server doesn't need such things, obviously (it doesn't have them at this moment either). Is something like this possible? ESX is not a requirement, it's just something I found that answers part of my problems, but there still remains the 2 KVM set that needs connecting and "linking" to appropriate VM. Why I would want to do this? well, first of all, it's much cheaper to upgrade one PC than 3. Then, the power consumption is obviously lower. Plus the extra space.Plus it allows me to better separate networks and services. Thanks.

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• 1 PC, 2 consoles (as in 2 monitors, keyboards and mice)

  - by ciuly

  I have this desire to "kill 2 birds with one shot". Currently, I have 1 server running round the clock, 1 laptop that runs about 8 hours a day, 7 days a week, and a desktop that runs about the same length of time. All 3 are ... old, to say the least. So there is a great need to upgrade (well, the server might handle its job for another year or so, but that only depends on how much time I have to put it to "work"). Now, I'm "dreaming" of only one PC. I'm thinking vmware's ESX. So there will be a VM for the server, a VM for the "laptop" and one for the "desktop". And obviously I'll have to somehow "link" a set of monitor/keyboard/mouse with one of the laptop/desktop VMs. The server doesn't need such things, obviously (it doesn't have them at this moment either). Is something like this possible? ESX is not a requirement, it's just something I found that answers part of my problems, but there still remains the 2 KVM set that needs connecting and "linking" to appropriate VM. Why I would want to do this? well, first of all, it's much cheaper to upgrade one PC than 3. Then, the power consumption is obviously lower. Plus the extra space.Plus it allows me to better separate networks and services. Thanks.

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• Linux: Three default gateways?

  - by Daniel

  My server has three default gateways, how can that be? Shouldn't there be one default gw? I have three NICs, each attached to a separate subnet: server1:~# route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 10.5.0.0 * 255.255.255.224 U 0 0 0 eth3 localnet * 255.255.255.224 U 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.8.0 * 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth1 default 10.5.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth3 default 192.168.8.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 default 10.1.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 Sometimes, I can't ping a host on the Internet, sometimes I can. What I want is traffic to the Internet (0.0.0.0) routed through a specific NIC. Can I just add a route for 0.0.0.0 and default gw to one of the eth0-3 interfaces? Will it break my connection? I'm using Debian, here is my /etc/network/interfaces: # This file describes the network interfaces available on your system # and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5). # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback # The primary network interface allow-hotplug eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 10.1.0.4 netmask 255.255.255.224 network 10.1.0.0 broadcast 10.1.0.31 gateway 10.1.0.1 allow-hotplug eth1 iface eth1 inet static address 192.168.8.4 netmask 255.255.255.192 network 192.168.8.0 broadcast 192.168.8.63 gateway 192.168.8.1 allow-hotplug eth3 iface eth3 inet static address 10.5.0.4 netmask 255.255.255.224 network 10.5.0.0 broadcast 10.5.0.31 gateway 10.5.0.1

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• How to push changes from Test server to Live server?

  - by anonymous

  As a beginner, I finally noticed the issue with making changes to the live server I've been working on, now that I have a couple users on it, since I bring it down so often. I created an EC2 image of my live server and set up a separate instance on EC2, so now I have 2 EC2 instances, Stage and Production. I set up GitHub and push changes to stage and test my code there, and when it's all done and working, I push it to the production branch, and everything is good. And there is a slight issue here since I name my files config_stage.js and config_production.js and set up .gitignore on each server, and in my code, I would have it read the ENV flags and set up the appropriate configs, is this the correct approach? And my main question is: how do you keep track of non-code changes to the server? For example, I installed HAProxy, Stunnel, Redis, MongoDB and several other things onto the Stage server for testing and now that it's all working and good, how do I deploy them to production? Right now, I'm just keeping track of everything I installed and copying configuration files over, which is very tedious and I'm afraid I may have missed a step somewhere. Is there a better way to port these changes over from my test server to my live server?

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• Apache mod_disk_cache on a seperate drive

  - by pavs

  how can I set Apache mod_disk_cache on a separate drive from where the OS/Apache is installed? I have set up this on my apache2.conf: <IfModule mod_cache_disk.c> # cache cleaning is done by htcacheclean, which can be configured in # /etc/default/apache2 # # For further information, see the comments in that file, # /usr/share/doc/apache2/README.Debian, and the htcacheclean(8) # man page. # This path must be the same as the one in /etc/default/apache2 CacheRoot /media/cacheHD # This will also cache local documents. It usually makes more sense to # put this into the configuration for just one virtual host. CacheEnable disk / # The result of CacheDirLevels * CacheDirLength must not be higher than # 20. Moreover, pay attention on file system limits. Some file systems # do not support more than a certain number of inodes and # subdirectories (e.g. 32000 for ext3) CacheDirLevels 2 CacheDirLength 1 </IfModule> and it doesn't seem to be caching anything at all. The drive itself is a freshly installed ssd drive formatted with ext4.

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• Can my employer force me to backup my personal machine? [closed]

  - by Eric B

  Here's the background: Approximately 1.25 years ago, the company I work for was acquired by a larger 400 person company. Before acquisition (and today still) we are all remote employees using our own personal hardware for work-related duties (coding, email, etc). We are approximately 15 employees within the larger organization. Some time after acquisition, the now owning company was slapped with a civil lawsuit. Part of this lawsuit (discovery) is requiring them to retrieve & store from us any related information. Because we were a separate company up until acquisition, there is a high probability that our personal machines might contain information about what the lawsuit alleges (email, documents, chat logs?, etc). Obviously, this depends largely on the person's job function (engineer vs. customer support vs. CEO). All employees are being required to comply. Since acquisition (1.25 yrs), the new company has not provided us with company laptops/desktops. We continue to use personal hardware, licenses, etc for work. Email is via POP3s and not hanging around on the mail server - it's on everyone's client. Documents are spread across personal machines. So, now they want us each to backup our complete personal machines. They are allowing us to create a "personal" folder where we can place personal documents. That single folder will be excluded from backup. Of course, that means total re-arrangement of documents, etc. For most of us, 99% of the data on the machine is NOT related to work. So, what's the consensus? Should we comply? What is their recourse if we do not?

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• Installed Memory (RAM): 8GB (4GB Useable)

  - by Mike Bannister

  I have 4X 2GB RAM sticks installed, Windows 7 Ultimate x64 shows "Installed Memory (RAM): 8GB (4GB Useable)" in the system information. The motherboard says it supports up to 16GB of memory. I had Windows XP x64 and I'm pretty sure it was able to use all 8Gigs of memory. I've just formatted and am not burning through 4GB for sure. *The BIOS only show 4096MB while booting. I was only able to find one option relating to memory mapping and it took it from 4Gigs to 3 and change. CPU-Z shows all 4 sticks as 2048MB I went in to msconfig and checked the limits, they are not set. I tried resetting the CPU and RAM sticks 3 times, the CPU has no pins to be bent (flat contacts, I5) I rearranged all the RAM. I have separate video memory from the system memory. I have a 64 bit OS (I am 100% certain) Hardware: Memory: Four Corsair XMS3 TW3X4G1333C9AG Motherboard: Asus P7P55D Pro CPU: Intel Core i5-760 BX80605I5760 Graphics: Two ZOTAC ZT-50401-10L GeForce GTX 550 Ti If anyone has new ideas or knows the exact setting in the bios, it would be greatly appreciated.

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