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  • Object slicing in Java.

    - by ferrari fan
    Can you take a subclass object and somehow convert it to an object of the same type as the parent class and at the same time slicing all the fields that are not part of the parent class? I know you can do this in C++, but I have no idea how to do it in Java.

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  • Ninject with Object Initializers and LINQ

    - by Alexander Kahoun
    I'm new to Ninject so what I'm trying may not even be possible but I wanted to ask. I free-handed the below so there may be typos. Let's say I have an interface: public interface IPerson { string FirstName { get; set; } string LastName { get; set;} string GetFullName(); } And a concrete: public class Person : IPerson { public string FirstName { get; set; } public string LastName { get; set; } public string GetFullName() { return String.Concat(FirstName, " ", LastName); } } What I'm used to doing is something like this when I'm retrieving data from arrays or xml: public IEnumerable<IPerson> GetPeople(string xml) { XElement persons = XElement.Parse(xml); IEnumerable<IPerson> people = ( from person in persons.Descendants("person") select new Person { FirstName = person.Attribute("FName").Value, LastName = person.Attribute("LName").Value }).ToList(); return people; } I don't want to tightly couple the concrete to the interface in this manner. I haven't been able to find any information in regards to using Ninject with LINQ to Objects or with object initializers. I may be looking in the wrong places, but I've been searching for a day now with no luck at all. I was contemplating putting the kernel into an singleton instance and seeing if that would work, but I'm not sure that it will plus I've heard that passing your kernel around is a bad thing. I'm trying to implement this in a class library currently. If this is not possible, does anyone have any examples or suggestions as to what the best practice is in this case? Thanks in advance for the help. EDIT: Based on some of the answers I feel I should clarify. Yes, the example above appears short lived but it was simply an example of one piece that I was trying to do. Let's give a bigger picture. Say instead of XML I am gathering all my data through a 3rd party web service and I'm creating an interface for it, the data could be a defined object in the wsdl or it could sometimes be an xml string. IPerson could be used for both the Person object and a User object. I will be doing this inside of a separate class library, because it needs to be portable and will be used in other projects, and handing it to an MVC3 Web Application and the objects will be used in javascript as well. I appreciate all the input so far.

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  • How to create an object from 2 arrays?

    - by Ole Jak
    So I hava array Links and array Params with same langth N So what I need is to create an object where for each link from Links I will be able to see param from Params And than for example to be abble to call something like for each( item in object) if (item.param == "some value") { // some code } else... How to do such thing (Code exaMple, please)

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  • Reinstantiating a GUI (JFrame) object

    - by Alex
    Hi guys, basically I want my JFrame to become a completely new JFrame object when an event is triggered. I have some code that basically calls [CODE]GUI gui = new GUI(x, y)[/CODE] the only problem I'm having is that as well as creating the new GUI object, it is not deleting the old window. Can anyone tell me how to get rid of the old window. Thanks.

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  • PHP string to object name.

    - by Smickie
    Ok I have a string... $a_string = "Product"; and I want to use this string in a call to a object like this: $this->$a_string->some_function(); How the dickens do I dynamically call that object? (don't think Im on php 5 mind)

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  • Jquery Var Returned As object

    - by alex
    I'm trying to pass a variable from one function to another, but the var elmId is being returned as an object and giving an error. When we click on any of the generated divs we should be able to change the size of the div by choosing a width / height value from the drop down menus. I'm trying to pass the clicked div id which is elmId to function displayVals but it is not working. If we replace "#"+elmId in the function displayVals with the actual id of the first div created with is "#divid1" then it works. Why is the value of var elmId not being passed to displayVals <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1.8.7/themes/base/jquery-ui.css" type="text/css" media="all" /> <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.4/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1.8.7/jquery-ui.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <style> .aaa{width:100px; height:100px; background-color:#ccc;} button{width:100px; height:20px;} </style> <button class="idiv">div</button> <select id="width"> <option>100px</option> <option>200px</option> <option>300px</option> </select> <select id="height"> <option>100px</option> <option>200px</option> <option>300px</option> </select> <p></p> <script type="text/javascript"> var divId = 1; $("button").click(function(){ var elm = $('<div id=divid' + divId + ' class=aaa></div>'); elm.appendTo('p'); divId++; }); $("p").click(function(e){ var elmType = $(e.target)[0].nodeName, elmId = $(e.target)[0].id; return displayVals(elmId); }); function displayVals(elmId) { var iwidth = $("#width").val(); var iheight = $("#height").val(); $("#"+elmId).css({width:iwidth, height:iheight}); console.log(elmId); } $("select").change(displayVals); displayVals(); </script>

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  • exclude private property from print_r or object?

    - by Hailwood
    Basically I am using Code Igniter, and the Code Igniter base class is huge, when I print_r some of my objects they have the base class embedded inside them. this makes it a pain to get the information I actually wanted (the rest of the properties). So, I am wondering if there is a way I can hide, or remove the base class object? I have tried clone $object; unset($object->ci); print_r($object); but of course the ci property is private. the actual function I am using for dumping is: /** * Outputs the given variables with formatting and location. Huge props * out to Phil Sturgeon for this one (http://philsturgeon.co.uk/blog/2010/09/power-dump-php-applications). * To use, pass in any number of variables as arguments. * Optional pass in "true" as final argument to kill script after dump * * @return void */ function dump() { list($callee) = debug_backtrace(); $arguments = func_get_args(); $total_arguments = count($arguments); if (end($arguments) === true) $total_arguments--; echo '<fieldset style="background: #fefefe !important; border:2px red solid; padding:5px">'; echo '<legend style="background:lightgrey; padding:5px;">' . $callee['file'] . ' @ line: ' . $callee['line'] . '</legend><pre>'; $i = 0; foreach ($arguments as $argument) { //if the last argument is true we don't want to display it. if ($i == ($total_arguments) && $argument === true) break; echo '<br/><strong>Debug #' . (++$i) . ' of ' . $total_arguments . '</strong>: '; if ((is_array($argument) || is_object($argument)) && count($argument)) { print_r($argument); } else { var_dump($argument); } } echo '</pre>' . PHP_EOL; echo '</fieldset>' . PHP_EOL; //if the very last argument is "true" then die if (end($arguments) === true) die('Killing Script'); }

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  • Create form select from object containing values

    - by marks34
    I have such an object : var options = {1: 'Running', 2: 'Falling', 3: 'Collapsing wall', 4: (...)}; I'd like to create form's select element with ooptions taken from this object, so something like that (code I tried which is not working, but you can get the idea) : html = '<form action="" ><select name="block-action"><option>-------</option>'; for(k in obj){ html += '<option value="'+k+'">'+obj[k]+'</option>' } html += '</select></form>'

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  • VB.net SyncLock Object

    - by Budius
    I always seen on SyncLock examples people using Private Lock1 As New Object ' declaration SyncLock Lock1 ' usage but why? In my specific case I'm locking a Queue to avoid problems on mult-threading Enqueueing and Dequeueing my data. Can I lock the Queue object itself, like this? Private cmdQueue As New Queue(Of QueueItem) ' declaration SyncLock cmdQueue ' usage Any help appreciated. Thanks.

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  • relating to objects inside an object

    - by steve
    Got a problem, I have an an array of objects inside a constructor of a class. I'm trying to use the array to relate to a property in the object but I can't relate to them. lessonObjectsArray(0) = lessonObject1 lessonObjectsArray(1) = lessonObject2 lessonObjectsArray(2) = lessonObject3 the properties of the object "lessonObject1" are lessonName, videoLink, pdfLink I thought it would be tbTest.text = lessonObjectsArray(0).lessonObject1.lessonName just doesnt work

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  • When to use reflection to convert datarow to an object

    - by Daniel McNulty
    I'm in a situation now were I need to convert a datarow I've fetched from a query into a new instance of an object. I can do the obvious looping through columns and 'manually' assign these to properties of the object - or I can look into reflection such as this: http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/11914/Using-Reflection-to-convert-DataRows-to-objects-or What would I base the decision on? Just scalability??

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  • javascript - query object graph?

    - by Scott
    Given an object like this: var obj = { first:{ second:{ third:'hi there' } } }; And a key like this "first.second.third" How can I get the value of the nested object "hi there"? I think maybe the Array.reduce function could help, but not sure.

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  • PowerShell function won't return object

    - by Dan
    I have a simple function that creates a generic List: function test() { $genericType = [Type] "System.Collections.Generic.List``1" [type[]] $typedParameters = ,"System.String" $closedType = $genericType.MakeGenericType($typedParameters) [Activator]::CreateInstance($closedType) } $a = test The problem is that $a is always null no matter what I try. If I execute the same code outside of the function it works properly. Thoughts?

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  • OO Design - polymorphism - how to design for handing streams of different file types

    - by Kache4
    I've little experience with advanced OO practices, and I want to design this properly as an exercise. I'm thinking of implementing the following, and I'm asking if I'm going about this the right way. I have a class PImage that holds the raw data and some information I need for an image file. Its header is currently something like this: #include <boost/filesytem.hpp> #include <vector> namespace fs = boost::filesystem; class PImage { public: PImage(const fs::path& path, const unsigned char* buffer, int bufferLen); const vector<char> data() const { return data_; } const char* rawData() const { return &data_[0]; } /*** other assorted accessors ***/ private: fs::path path_; int width_; int height_; int filesize_; vector<char> data_; } I want to fill the width_ and height_ by looking through the file's header. The trivial/inelegant solution would be to have a lot of messy control flow that identifies the type of image file (.gif, .jpg, .png, etc) and then parse the header accordingly. Instead of using vector<char> data_, I was thinking of having PImage use a class, RawImageStream data_ that inherits from vector<char>. Each type of file I plan to support would then inherit from RawImageStream, e.g. RawGifStream, RawPngStream. Each RawXYZStream would encapsulate the respective header-parsing functions, and PImage would only have to do something like height_ = data_.getHeight();. Am I thinking this through correctly? How would I create the proper RawImageStream subclass for data_ to be in the PImage ctor? Is this where I could use an object factory? Anything I'm forgetting?

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  • Choosing a type for search results in C#

    - by Chris M
    I have a result set that will never exceed 500; the results that come back from the web-service are assigned to a search results object. The data from the webservice is about 2mb; the bit I want to use is about a third of each record, so this allows me to cache and quickly manipulate it. I want to be able to sort and filter the results with the least amount of overhead and as fast as possible so I used the VCSKICKS timing class to measure their performance Average Total (10,000) Type Create Sort Create Sort HashSet 0.1579 0.0003 1579 3 IList 0.0633 0.0002 633 2 IQueryable 0.0072 0.0432 72 432 Measured in Seconds using http://www.vcskicks.com/algorithm-performance.php I created the hashset through a for loop over the web-service response (adding to the hashset). The List & IQueryable were created using LINQ. Question I can understand why HashSet takes longer to create (the foreach loop vs linq); but why would IQueryable take longer to sort than the other two; and finally is there a better way to assign the HashSet. Thanks Actual Program public class Program { private static AuthenticationHeader _authHeader; private static OPSoapClient _opSession; private static AccommodationSearchResponse _searchResults; private static HashSet<SearchResults> _myHash; private static IList<SearchResults> _myList; private static IQueryable<SearchResults> _myIQuery; static void Main(string[] args) { #region Setup WebService _authHeader = new AuthenticationHeader { UserName = "xx", Password = "xx" }; _opSession = new OPSoapClient(); #region Setup Search Results _searchResults = _opgSession.SearchCR(_authHeader, "ENG", "GBP", "GBR"); #endregion Setup Search Results #endregion Setup WebService // HASHSET SpeedTester hashTest = new SpeedTester(TestHashSet); hashTest.RunTest(); Console.WriteLine("- Hash Test \nAverage Running Time: {0}; Total Time: {1}", hashTest.AverageRunningTime, hashTest.TotalRunningTime); SpeedTester hashSortTest = new SpeedTester(TestSortingHashSet); hashSortTest.RunTest(); Console.WriteLine("- Hash Sort Test \nAverage Running Time: {0}; Total Time: {1}", hashSortTest.AverageRunningTime, hashSortTest.TotalRunningTime); // ILIST SpeedTester listTest = new SpeedTester(TestList); listTest.RunTest(); Console.WriteLine("- List Test \nAverage Running Time: {0}; Total Time: {1}", listTest.AverageRunningTime, listTest.TotalRunningTime); SpeedTester listSortTest = new SpeedTester(TestSortingList); listSortTest.RunTest(); Console.WriteLine("- List Sort Test \nAverage Running Time: {0}; Total Time: {1}", listSortTest.AverageRunningTime, listSortTest.TotalRunningTime); // IQUERIABLE SpeedTester iqueryTest = new SpeedTester(TestIQueriable); iqueryTest.RunTest(); Console.WriteLine("- iquery Test \nAverage Running Time: {0}; Total Time: {1}", iqueryTest.AverageRunningTime, iqueryTest.TotalRunningTime); SpeedTester iquerySortTest = new SpeedTester(TestSortableIQueriable); iquerySortTest.RunTest(); Console.WriteLine("- iquery Sort Test \nAverage Running Time: {0}; Total Time: {1}", iquerySortTest.AverageRunningTime, iquerySortTest.TotalRunningTime); } static void TestHashSet() { var test = _searchResults.Items; _myHash = new HashSet<SearchResults>(); foreach(var x in test) { _myHash.Add(new SearchResults { Ref = x.Ref, Price = x.StandardPrice }); } } static void TestSortingHashSet() { var sorted = _myHash.OrderBy(s => s.Price); } static void TestList() { var test = _searchResults.Items; _myList = (from x in test select new SearchResults { Ref = x.Ref, Price = x.StandardPrice }).ToList(); } static void TestSortingList() { var sorted = _myList.OrderBy(s => s.Price); } static void TestIQueriable() { var test = _searchResults.Items; _myIQuery = (from x in test select new SearchResults { Ref = x.Ref, Price = x.StandardPrice }).AsQueryable(); } static void TestSortableIQueriable() { var sorted = _myIQuery.OrderBy(s => s.Price); } }

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  • Java programming accessing object variables

    - by Haxed
    Helo, there are 3 files, CustomerClient.java, CustomerServer.java and Customer.java PROBLEM: In the CustomerServer.java file, i get an error when I compile the CustomerServer.java at line : System.out.println(a[k].getName()); ERROR: init: deps-jar: Compiling 1 source file to C:\Documents and Settings\TLNA\My Documents\NetBeansProjects\Server\build\classes C:\Documents and Settings\TLNA\My Documents\NetBeansProjects\Server\src\CustomerServer.java:44: cannot find symbol symbol : method getName() location: class Customer System.out.println(a[k].getName()); 1 error BUILD FAILED (total time: 0 seconds) CustomerClient.java import java.io.*; import java.net.*; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import javax.swing.*; import javax.swing.border.*; public class CustomerClient extends JApplet { private JTextField jtfName = new JTextField(32); private JTextField jtfSeatNo = new JTextField(32); // Button for sending a student to the server private JButton jbtRegister = new JButton("Register to the Server"); // Indicate if it runs as application private boolean isStandAlone = false; // Host name or ip String host = "localhost"; public void init() { JPanel p1 = new JPanel(); p1.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1)); p1.add(new JLabel("Name")); p1.add(jtfName); p1.add(new JLabel("Seat No.")); p1.add(jtfSeatNo); add(p1, BorderLayout.CENTER); add(jbtRegister, BorderLayout.SOUTH); // Register listener jbtRegister.addActionListener(new ButtonListener()); // Find the IP address of the Web server if (!isStandAlone) { host = getCodeBase().getHost(); } } /** Handle button action */ private class ButtonListener implements ActionListener { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { try { // Establish connection with the server Socket socket = new Socket(host, 8000); // Create an output stream to the server ObjectOutputStream toServer = new ObjectOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream()); // Get text field String name = jtfName.getText().trim(); String seatNo = jtfSeatNo.getText().trim(); // Create a Student object and send to the server Customer s = new Customer(name, seatNo); toServer.writeObject(s); } catch (IOException ex) { System.err.println(ex); } } } /** Run the applet as an application */ public static void main(String[] args) { // Create a frame JFrame frame = new JFrame("Register Student Client"); // Create an instance of the applet CustomerClient applet = new CustomerClient(); applet.isStandAlone = true; // Get host if (args.length == 1) { applet.host = args[0]; // Add the applet instance to the frame } frame.add(applet, BorderLayout.CENTER); // Invoke init() and start() applet.init(); applet.start(); // Display the frame frame.pack(); frame.setVisible(true); } } CustomerServer.java import java.io.*; import java.net.*; public class CustomerServer { private String name; private int i; private ObjectOutputStream outputToFile; private ObjectInputStream inputFromClient; public static void main(String[] args) { new CustomerServer(); } public CustomerServer() { Customer[] a = new Customer[30]; try { // Create a server socket ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8000); System.out.println("Server started "); // Create an object ouput stream outputToFile = new ObjectOutputStream( new FileOutputStream("student.dat", true)); while (true) { // Listen for a new connection request Socket socket = serverSocket.accept(); // Create an input stream from the socket inputFromClient = new ObjectInputStream(socket.getInputStream()); // Read from input //Object object = inputFromClient.readObject(); for (int k = 0; k <= 2; k++) { if (a[k] == null) { a[k] = (Customer) inputFromClient.readObject(); // Write to the file outputToFile.writeObject(a[k]); //System.out.println("A new student object is stored"); System.out.println(a[k].getName()); break; } if (k == 2) { //fully booked outputToFile.writeObject("All seats are booked"); break; } } } } catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { inputFromClient.close(); outputToFile.close(); } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } } } } Customer.java public class Customer implements java.io.Serializable { private String name; private String seatno; public Customer(String name, String seatno) { this.name = name; this.seatno = seatno; } public String getName() { return name; } public String getSeatNo() { return seatno; } }

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  • SQL SERVER – Validating Spatial Object as NULL using IsNULL

    - by pinaldave
    Follow up questions are the most fun part of writing a blog post. Earlier I wrote about SQL SERVER – Validating Spatial Object with IsValidDetailed Function and today I received a follow up question on the same subject. The question was mainly about how NULL is handled by spatial functions. Well, NULL is NULL. It is very easy to work with NULL. There are two different ways to validate if the passed in the value is NULL or not. 1) Using IsNULL Function IsNULL function validates if the object is null or not, if object is not null it will return you value 0 and if object is NULL it will return you the value NULL. DECLARE @p GEOMETRY = 'Polygon((2 2, 3 3, 4 4, 5 5, 6 6, 2 2))' SELECT @p.ISNULL ObjIsNull GO DECLARE @p GEOMETRY = NULL SELECT @p.ISNULL ObjIsNull GO 2) Using IsValidDetailed Function IsValidateDetails function validates if the object is valid or not. If the object is valid it will return 24400: Valid but if the object is not valid it will give message with the error number. In case object is NULL it will return the value as NULL. DECLARE @p GEOMETRY = 'Polygon((2 2, 3 3, 4 4, 5 5, 6 6, 2 2))' SELECT @p.IsValidDetailed() IsValid GO DECLARE @p GEOMETRY = NULL SELECT @p.IsValidDetailed() IsValid GO When to use what? Now you can see that there are two different ways to validate the NULL values. I personally have no preference about using one over another. However, there is one clear difference between them. In case of the IsValidDetailed Function the return value is nvarchar(max) and it is not always possible to compare the value with nvarchar(max). Whereas the ISNULL function returns the bit value of 0 when the object is null and it is easy to determine if the object is null or not in the case of ISNULL function. Additionally, ISNULL function does not check if the object is valid or not and will return the value 0 if the object is not NULL. Now you know even though either of the function can be used in place of each other both have very specific use case. Use the one which fits your business case. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Function, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology Tagged: Spatial Database, SQL Spatial

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  • Ways to ensure unique instances of a class?

    - by Peanut
    I'm looking for different ways to ensure that each instance of a given class is a uniquely identifiable instance. For example, I have a Name class with the field name. Once I have a Name object with name initialised to John Smith I don't want to be able to instantiate a different Name object also with the name as John Smith, or if instantiation does take place I want a reference to the orginal object to be passed back rather than a new object. I'm aware that one way of doing this is to have a static factory that holds a Map of all the current Name objects and the factory checks that an object with John Smith as the name doesn't already exist before passing back a reference to a Name object. Another way I could think of off the top of my head is having a static Map in the Name class and when the constructor is called throwing an exception if the value passed in for name is already in use in another object, however I'm aware throwing exceptions in a constructor is generally a bad idea. Are there other ways of achieving this?

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  • How can we protect the namespace of an object in Javascript?

    - by Eduard Florinescu
    Continuing from my previous question: Javascript simple code to understand prototype-based OOP basics Let's say we run into console this two separate objects(even if they are called child and parent there is no inheritance between them): var parent = { name: "parent", print: function(){ console.log("Hello, "+this.name); } }; var child = { name: "child", print: function(){ console.log("Hi, "+this.name); } }; parent.print() // This will print: Hello, parent child.print() // This will print: Hi, child temp =parent; parent = child; child = temp; parent.print() // This will now print: Hi, child child.print() // This will now print: Hello, parent Now suppose that parent is a library, as a HTML5 application in a browser this cannot do much harm because is practically running sandboxed, but now with the advent of the ChromeOS, FirefoxOS and other [Browser] OS they will also be linked to a native API, that would be a head out of the „sandbox”. Now if someone changes the namespace it would be harder for a code reviewer (either automated or not ) to spot an incorrect use if the namespaces changes. My question would be: Are there many ways in which the above situation can be done and what can be done to protect this namespaces? (Either in the javascript itself or by some static code analysis tool)

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  • User-Defined Customer Events & their impact (FA Type Profile)

    - by Rajesh Sharma
    CC&B automatically creates field activities when a specific Customer Event takes place. This depends on the way you have setup your Field Activity Type Profiles, the templates within, and associated SP Condition(s) on the template. CC&B uses the service point type, its state and referenced customer event to determine which field activity type to generate.   Customer events available in the base product include: Cut for Non-payment (CNP) Disconnect Warning (DIWA) Reconnect for Payment (REPY) Reread (RERD) Stop Service (STOP) Start Service (STRT) Start/Stop (STSP)   Note the Field values/codes defined for each event.   CC&B comes with a flexibility to define new set of customer events. These can be defined in the Look Up - CUST_EVT_FLG. Values from the Look Up are used on the Field Activity Type Profile Template page.     So what's the use of having user-defined Customer Events? And how will the system detect such events in order to create field activity(s)?   Well, system can only detect such events when you reference a user-defined customer event on a Severance Event Type for an event type Create Field Activities.     This way you can create additional field activities of a specific field activity type for user-defined customer events.   One of our customers adopted this feature and created a user-defined customer event CNPW - Cut for Non-payment for Water Services. This event was then linked on a Field Activity Type Profile and referenced on a Severance Event - CUT FOR NON PAY-W. The associated Severance Process was configured to trigger a reconnection process if it was cancelled (done by defining a Post Cancel Algorithm). Whenever this Severance Event was executed, a specific type of Field Activity was generated for disconnection purposes. The Field Activity type was determined by the system from the Field Activity Type Profile referenced for the SP Type, SP's state and the referenced user-defined customer event. All was working well until the time when they realized that in spite of the Severance Process getting cancelled (when a payment was made); the Post Cancel Algorithm was not executed to start a Reconnection Severance Process for the purpose of generating a reconnection field activity and reconnecting the service.   Basically, the Post Cancel algorithm (if specified on a Severance Process Template) is triggered when a Severance Process gets cancelled because a credit transaction has affected/relieved a Service Agreement's debt.   So what exactly was happening? Now we come to actual question as to what is the impact in having a user-defined customer event.   System defined/base customer events are hard-coded across the entire system. There is an impact even if you remove any customer event entry from the Look Up. User-defined customer events are not recognized by the system anywhere else except in the severance process, as described above.   There are few programs which have routines to first validate the completion of disconnection field activities, which were raised as a result of customer event CNP - Cut for Non-payment in order to perform other associated actions. One such program is the Post Cancel Algorithm, referenced on a Severance Process Template, generally used to reconnect services which were disconnected from other Severance Event, specifically CNP - Cut for Non-Payment. Post cancel algorithm provided by the product - SEV POST CAN does the following (below is the algorithm's description):   This algorithm is called after a severance process has been cancelled (typically because the debt was paid and the SA is no longer eligible to be on the severance process). It checks to see if the process has a completed 'disconnect' event and, if so, starts a reconnect process using the Reconnect Severance Process Template defined in the parameter.    Notice the underlined text. This algorithm implicitly checks for Field Activities having completed status, which were generated from Severance Events as a result of CNP - Cut for Non-payment customer event.   Now if we look back to the customer's issue, we can relate that the Post Cancel algorithm was triggered, but was not able to find any 'Completed' CNP - Cut for Non-payment related field activity. And hence was not able to start a reconnection severance process. This was because a field activity was generated and completed for a customer event CNPW - Cut for Non-payment of Water Services instead.   To conclude, if you introduce new customer events that extend or simulate base customer events, the ones that are included in the base product, ensure that there is no other impact either direct or indirect to other business functions that the application has to offer.  

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  • C#/.NET Little Wonders: Use Cast() and TypeOf() to Change Sequence Type

    - by James Michael Hare
    Once again, in this series of posts I look at the parts of the .NET Framework that may seem trivial, but can help improve your code by making it easier to write and maintain. The index of all my past little wonders posts can be found here. We’ve seen how the Select() extension method lets you project a sequence from one type to a new type which is handy for getting just parts of items, or building new items.  But what happens when the items in the sequence are already the type you want, but the sequence itself is typed to an interface or super-type instead of the sub-type you need? For example, you may have a sequence of Rectangle stored in an IEnumerable<Shape> and want to consider it an IEnumerable<Rectangle> sequence instead.  Today we’ll look at two handy extension methods, Cast<TResult>() and OfType<TResult>() which help you with this task. Cast<TResult>() – Attempt to cast all items to type TResult So, the first thing we can do would be to attempt to create a sequence of TResult from every item in the source sequence.  Typically we’d do this if we had an IEnumerable<T> where we knew that every item was actually a TResult where TResult inherits/implements T. For example, assume the typical Shape example classes: 1: // abstract base class 2: public abstract class Shape { } 3:  4: // a basic rectangle 5: public class Rectangle : Shape 6: { 7: public int Widtgh { get; set; } 8: public int Height { get; set; } 9: } And let’s assume we have a sequence of Shape where every Shape is a Rectangle… 1: var shapes = new List<Shape> 2: { 3: new Rectangle { Width = 3, Height = 5 }, 4: new Rectangle { Width = 10, Height = 13 }, 5: // ... 6: }; To get the sequence of Shape as a sequence of Rectangle, of course, we could use a Select() clause, such as: 1: // select each Shape, cast it to Rectangle 2: var rectangles = shapes 3: .Select(s => (Rectangle)s) 4: .ToList(); But that’s a bit verbose, and fortunately there is already a facility built in and ready to use in the form of the Cast<TResult>() extension method: 1: // cast each item to Rectangle and store in a List<Rectangle> 2: var rectangles = shapes 3: .Cast<Rectangle>() 4: .ToList(); However, we should note that if anything in the list cannot be cast to a Rectangle, you will get an InvalidCastException thrown at runtime.  Thus, if our Shape sequence had a Circle in it, the call to Cast<Rectangle>() would have failed.  As such, you should only do this when you are reasonably sure of what the sequence actually contains (or are willing to handle an exception if you’re wrong). Another handy use of Cast<TResult>() is using it to convert an IEnumerable to an IEnumerable<T>.  If you look at the signature, you’ll see that the Cast<TResult>() extension method actually extends the older, object-based IEnumerable interface instead of the newer, generic IEnumerable<T>.  This is your gateway method for being able to use LINQ on older, non-generic sequences.  For example, consider the following: 1: // the older, non-generic collections are sequence of object 2: var shapes = new ArrayList 3: { 4: new Rectangle { Width = 3, Height = 13 }, 5: new Rectangle { Width = 10, Height = 20 }, 6: // ... 7: }; Since this is an older, object based collection, we cannot use the LINQ extension methods on it directly.  For example, if I wanted to query the Shape sequence for only those Rectangles whose Width is > 5, I can’t do this: 1: // compiler error, Where() operates on IEnumerable<T>, not IEnumerable 2: var bigRectangles = shapes.Where(r => r.Width > 5); However, I can use Cast<Rectangle>() to treat my ArrayList as an IEnumerable<Rectangle> and then do the query! 1: // ah, that’s better! 2: var bigRectangles = shapes.Cast<Rectangle>().Where(r => r.Width > 5); Or, if you prefer, in LINQ query expression syntax: 1: var bigRectangles = from s in shapes.Cast<Rectangle>() 2: where s.Width > 5 3: select s; One quick warning: Cast<TResult>() only attempts to cast, it won’t perform a cast conversion.  That is, consider this: 1: var intList = new List<int> { 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89 }; 2:  3: // casting ints to longs, this should work, right? 4: var asLong = intList.Cast<long>().ToList(); Will the code above work?  No, you’ll get a InvalidCastException. Remember that Cast<TResult>() is an extension of IEnumerable, thus it is a sequence of object, which means that it will box every int as an object as it enumerates over it, and there is no cast conversion from object to long, and thus the cast fails.  In other words, a cast from int to long will succeed because there is a conversion from int to long.  But a cast from int to object to long will not, because you can only unbox an item by casting it to its exact type. For more information on why cast-converting boxed values doesn’t work, see this post on The Dangers of Casting Boxed Values (here). OfType<TResult>() – Filter sequence to only items of type TResult So, we’ve seen how we can use Cast<TResult>() to change the type of our sequence, when we expect all the items of the sequence to be of a specific type.  But what do we do when a sequence contains many different types, and we are only concerned with a subset of a given type? For example, what if a sequence of Shape contains Rectangle and Circle instances, and we just want to select all of the Rectangle instances?  Well, let’s say we had this sequence of Shape: 1: var shapes = new List<Shape> 2: { 3: new Rectangle { Width = 3, Height = 5 }, 4: new Rectangle { Width = 10, Height = 13 }, 5: new Circle { Radius = 10 }, 6: new Square { Side = 13 }, 7: // ... 8: }; Well, we could get the rectangles using Select(), like: 1: var onlyRectangles = shapes.Where(s => s is Rectangle).ToList(); But fortunately, an easier way has already been written for us in the form of the OfType<T>() extension method: 1: // returns only a sequence of the shapes that are Rectangles 2: var onlyRectangles = shapes.OfType<Rectangle>().ToList(); Now we have a sequence of only the Rectangles in the original sequence, we can also use this to chain other queries that depend on Rectangles, such as: 1: // select only Rectangles, then filter to only those more than 2: // 5 units wide... 3: var onlyBigRectangles = shapes.OfType<Rectangle>() 4: .Where(r => r.Width > 5) 5: .ToList(); The OfType<Rectangle>() will filter the sequence to only the items that are of type Rectangle (or a subclass of it), and that results in an IEnumerable<Rectangle>, we can then apply the other LINQ extension methods to query that list further. Just as Cast<TResult>() is an extension method on IEnumerable (and not IEnumerable<T>), the same is true for OfType<T>().  This means that you can use OfType<TResult>() on object-based collections as well. For example, given an ArrayList containing Shapes, as below: 1: // object-based collections are a sequence of object 2: var shapes = new ArrayList 3: { 4: new Rectangle { Width = 3, Height = 5 }, 5: new Rectangle { Width = 10, Height = 13 }, 6: new Circle { Radius = 10 }, 7: new Square { Side = 13 }, 8: // ... 9: }; We can use OfType<Rectangle> to filter the sequence to only Rectangle items (and subclasses), and then chain other LINQ expressions, since we will then be of type IEnumerable<Rectangle>: 1: // OfType() converts the sequence of object to a new sequence 2: // containing only Rectangle or sub-types of Rectangle. 3: var onlyBigRectangles = shapes.OfType<Rectangle>() 4: .Where(r => r.Width > 5) 5: .ToList(); Summary So now we’ve seen two different ways to get a sequence of a superclass or interface down to a more specific sequence of a subclass or implementation.  The Cast<TResult>() method casts every item in the source sequence to type TResult, and the OfType<TResult>() method selects only those items in the source sequence that are of type TResult. You can use these to downcast sequences, or adapt older types and sequences that only implement IEnumerable (such as DataTable, ArrayList, etc.). Technorati Tags: C#,CSharp,.NET,LINQ,Little Wonders,TypeOf,Cast,IEnumerable<T>

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  • If I define a property to prototype appears in the constructor of object, why?

    - by Eduard Florinescu
    I took the example from this question modified a bit: What is the point of the prototype method? function employee(name,jobtitle,born) { this.name=name; this.jobtitle=jobtitle; this.born=born; this.status="single" } employee.prototype.salary=10000000; var fred=new employee("Fred Flintstone","Caveman",1970); console.log(fred.salary); fred.salary=20000; console.log(fred.salary) And the output in console is this: What is the difference salary is in constructor but I still can access it with fred.salary, how can I see if is in constructor from code, status is still employee property how can I tell for example if name is the one of employee or has been touch by initialization? Why is salary in constructor, when name,jobtitle,born where "touched" by employee("Fred Flintstone","Caveman",1970); «constructor»?

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  • Limitations of User-Defined Customer Events (FA Type Profile)

    - by Rajesh Sharma
    CC&B automatically creates field activities when a specific Customer Event takes place. This depends on the way you have setup your Field Activity Type Profiles, the templates within, and associated SP Condition(s) on the template. CC&B uses the service point type, its state and referenced customer event to determine which field activity type to generate.   Customer events available in the base product include: Cut for Non-payment (CNP) Disconnect Warning (DIWA) Reconnect for Payment (REPY) Reread (RERD) Stop Service (STOP) Start Service (STRT) Start/Stop (STSP)   Note the Field values/codes defined for each event.   CC&B comes with a flexibility to define new set of customer events. These can be defined in the Look Up - CUST_EVT_FLG. Values from the Look Up are used on the Field Activity Type Profile Template page.     So what's the use of having user-defined Customer Events? And how will the system detect such events in order to create field activity(s)?   Well, system can only detect such events when you reference a user-defined customer event on a Severance Event Type for an event type Create Field Activities.     This way you can create additional field activities of a specific field activity type for user-defined customer events.   One of our customers adopted this feature and created a user-defined customer event CNPW - Cut for Non-payment for Water Services. This event was then linked on a Field Activity Type Profile and referenced on a Severance Event - CUT FOR NON PAY-W. The associated Severance Process was configured to trigger a reconnection process if it was cancelled (done by defining a Post Cancel Algorithm). Whenever this Severance Event was executed, a specific type of Field Activity was generated for disconnection purposes. The Field Activity type was determined by the system from the Field Activity Type Profile referenced for the SP Type, SP's state and the referenced user-defined customer event. All was working well until the time when they realized that in spite of the Severance Process getting cancelled (when a payment was made); the Post Cancel Algorithm was not executed to start a Reconnection Severance Process for the purpose of generating a reconnection field activity and reconnecting the service.   Basically, the Post Cancel algorithm (if specified on a Severance Process Template) is triggered when a Severance Process gets cancelled because a credit transaction has affected/relieved a Service Agreement's debt.   So what exactly was happening? Now we come to actual question as to what are limitations in having user-defined customer event.   System defined/base customer events are hard-coded across the entire system. There is an impact even if you remove any customer event entry from the Look Up. User-defined customer events are not recognized by the system anywhere else except in the severance process, as described above.   There are few programs which have routines to first validate the completion of disconnection field activities, which were raised as a result of customer event CNP - Cut for Non-payment in order to perform other associated actions. One such program is the Post Cancel Algorithm, referenced on a Severance Process Template, generally used to reconnect services which were disconnected from other Severance Event, specifically CNP - Cut for Non-Payment. Post cancel algorithm provided by the product - SEV POST CAN does the following (below is the algorithm's description):   This algorithm is called after a severance process has been cancelled (typically because the debt was paid and the SA is no longer eligible to be on the severance process). It checks to see if the process has a completed 'disconnect' event and, if so, starts a reconnect process using the Reconnect Severance Process Template defined in the parameter.    Notice the underlined text. This algorithm implicitly checks for Field Activities having completed status, which were generated from Severance Events as a result of CNP - Cut for Non-payment customer event.   Now if we look back to the customer's issue, we can relate that the Post Cancel algorithm was triggered, but was not able to find any 'Completed' CNP - Cut for Non-payment related field activity. And hence was not able to start a reconnection severance process. This was because a field activity was generated and completed for a customer event CNPW - Cut for Non-payment of Water Services instead.   To conclude, if you introduce new customer events, you should be aware that you don't extend or simulate base customer events, the ones that are included in the base product, as they are further used to provide/validate additional business functions.  

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