production databases - Page 241

Force database read to master if slave data is stale

- by Jeff Storey

I previously asked a specific question about this database replication for new user signup to which I got an answer, but I want to ask this in the more general sense. I have a database setup in which I am using a master/slave combination. I am using the slaves for load balancing (the data itself is partitioned/sharded across multiple databases, but each database has X slaves for load balancing). Let's say I write some data to the master. Now I do a subsequent read which hits a slave, but the slave has not yet caught up to the master. Is there a way (which can be done quickly since it will happen frequently) to determine if the data is stale in the slave so I can then route to the master? In my previous question, it was suggested to do simultaneous writes to the cache and the database. This solution seems practical, but there is still a chance that the data may have been removed from the cache but not yet updated in the slave. A possible solution is to ensure the cache is big enough (based on the typical application load) so the data will not be evicted within the time frame it takes to replicate the data. This seems like it may be feasible. Can anyone provide additional insight into this question? Thanks!

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mysqld causes high CPU load

- by Radu

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MS SQL Server slows down over time?

- by Dave Holland

Have any of you experienced the following, and have you found a solution: A large part of our website's back-end is MS SQL Server 2005. Every week or two weeks the site begins running slower - and I see queries taking longer and longer to complete in SQL. I have a query that I like to use: USE master select text,wait_time,blocking_session_id AS "Block", percent_complete, * from sys.dm_exec_requests CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text(sql_handle) AS s2 order by start_time asc Which is fairly useful... it gives a snapshot of everything that's running right at that moment against your SQL server. What's nice is that even if your CPU is pegged at 100% for some reason and Activity Monitor is refusing to load (I'm sure some of you have been there) this query still returns and you can see what query is killing your DB. When I run this, or Activity Monitor during the times that SQL has begun to slow down I don't see any specific queries causing the issue - they are ALL running slower across the board. If I restart the MS SQL Service then everything is fine, it speeds right up - for a week or two until it happens again. Nothing that I can think of has changed, but this just started a few months ago... Ideas? --Added Please note that when this database slowdown happens it doesn't matter if we are getting 100K page views an hour (busier time of day) or 10K page views an hour (slow time) the queries all take a longer time to complete than normal. The server isn't really under stress - the CPU isn't high, the disk usage doesn't seem to be out of control... it feels like index fragmentation or something of the sort but that doesn't seem to be the case. As far as pasting results of the query I pasted above I really can't do that. The Query above lists the login of the user performing the task, the entire query, etc etc.. and I'd really not like to hand out the names of my databases, tables, columns and the logins online :)... I can tell you that the queries running at that time are normal, standard queries for our site that run all the time, nothing out of the norm.

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Backing up SQL NetApp Snapshots using TSM

- by WerkkreW

In our environment we have a 3 node SQL 2005 Cluster which is on NetApp storage. We are currently using SMSQL (NetApp SnapManager for SQL) to take Snapshot backups of the data. This works great, but due to some audit requirements we are also forced to maintain some copies on tape. We have used NDMP in other places across the enterprise but we do not want to use it in this specific instance. Basically what I need to do is, get the most recent snapshot copy of the databases on tape, via Tivoli Storage Manager (TSM). What I have done is, obtained a basic Windows Server 2003 VM with SnapDrive installed, which is SAN attached and zoned to the NetApp, and I have written a batch file to do the following: Mount the latest __RECENT snapshot lun to the host, using a specific drive letter Perform a TSM based incremental backup Dis-mount the LUN This seems to work fine, except sometimes the LUN's do not mount due to some sort of timeout. Also, due to my limited knowledge of windows batch scripting, I have no way to monitor the success or failure of these backups since I do not know how to send a valid return code back to the TSM scheduling service. Is there a more efficient/elegant way to accomplish this without NDMP?

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Performance of Virtual machines on very low end machines

- by TheLQ

I am managing a few cheap servers as my user base isn't large enough to get much more powerful servers. I also don't have the money lying around to invest in a server to prepare for the larger user base. So I'm stuck with the old hardware I have. I am toying with the idea of virtualizing all the current OS's with most likely VMware vSphere Hypervisor (AKA ESXi) Xen (ESXi has too strict of an HCL, and my hardware is too old). Big reasons for doing so: Ability to upgrade and scale hardware rapidly - This is most likely what I'll be doing as I distribute services, get a bigger server, centralize (electricity bills are horrible), distribute, get a bigger server, etc... Manually doing this by reinstalling the entire OS would be a big pain Safety from me - I've made many rookie mistakes, like doing lots of risky work on a vital production server. With a VM I can just backup the state, work on my machine, test, and revert if necessary. No worries, and no OS reinstallation Safety from other factors - As I scale servers might go down, and a backup VM can instantly be started. Various other reasons. However the limiting factor here is hardware. And I mean very depressing hardware. The current server's run off of a Pentium 3 and 4, and have 512 MB and 768 MB RAM respectively (RAM can be upgraded soon however). Is the Virtualization layer small enough to run itself and a Linux OS effectively? Will performance be acceptable (50% CPU overhead for every operation isn't acceptable)? Does it leave enough RAM for the Linux OS? Is this even feasible?

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Apache+PHP on Windows Server 2008

- by Álvaro G. Vicario

I've installed Apache/2.2 and PHP/5.3 lots of times under Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows Server 2003. The official *.msi installers work fine and configure everything. Now I need to install them into a Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard 64-bit box and I'm facing nothing but problems: There are no official 64 bit binaries for Apache and no binaries at all for PHP (official or third-party). It's alright, I'll do with good 32 bits, but it's kind of surprising. Official documentation is vague, generic and completely unaware of UAC or any recent Windows security feature. The PHP installer is unable to configure mod_php and the Apache installer is unable to configure... well, Apache. After three hours I've finally reached the point where I'm installing everything in the root folder and assigning full control access to all users in all files and directories and all I've got is a PHP-less Apache server that's able to serve static pages. So I guess it's time to stop and think. My question is: Has anyone installed an Apache+PHP production server under Windows Server 2008 in a serious, secure and reliable way and documented the whole process? Or should I just find a bundle like XAMPP and the like that requires no installation? === EDIT === I've installed Xampp Lite 1.7.3 and everything was working in 5 minutes. I'd still like to find some documentation about installing the original packages: XAMPP installs tons of stuff I don't need and offers no tool to enable and disable PHP extensions.

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Migrating to Amazon AWS etc: What key statistics/questions should be analyzed and asked?

- by cerd

I searched SOverflow pretty extensively for something similar to this set of questions. BACKGROUND: We are a growing 'big(ish)' data chemical data company that are outgrowing our lab and our dedicated production workhorses. Make no mistake, we need to do some serious query optimization. Our data (It comes from a certain govt. agency so the schema and lack of indexing is atrocious). So yes, I know, AWS or EC2 is not a silver bullet in the face of spending time to maybe rework your queries/code entirely 'out of the box'. With that said I would appreciate any input on the following questions: We produce on CentOS and lab on Ubuntu LTS which I prefer especially with their growing cloud / AWS integration. If we are mysql centric, and our biggest problem is these big cartesian products that produce slow queries, should we roll out what we know after more optimization with respect to Ubuntu/mySQL with the added Amazon horsepower? Or is there some merit to the NoSQL and other technologies they offer? What are the key metrics I need to gather from apache and mysql other than like: Disk I/O operations, Data up/down avgs and trends and special high usage periods/scenarios? I've reviewed AWS/EC2 fine print, but want 2nd opinions. What other services aside from the basic web/database have proven valuable to you? I know nothing of Hadoop or many other technologies they offer, echoing my prev. question, do you sometimes find it worth it (Initially having it be a gamble aside from basic homework) to dive/break into a whole new environment and try to/or end up finding a way of more efficiently producing your data/site product? Anything I should watch out for in projecting costs, or any other general advice when working with AWS folks from anyone else where your company is very niche and very very technical (Scientifically - or anybody for that matter)? Thanks very much for your input - I think this thread could be valuable to others as well.

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SharePoint Backup/Restore without stsadm

- by Kevin

Due to problems we found with the restore of sites/site collections using stsadm (our tasks generated from workflows were not restored), we've taken a different route for backup/restore. We plan a major customization to our SP site and want to take a backup so we can rollback in case the install fails. In our System Testing (not production) environment, we've backed up the 12 hive, the virtual dir's that the IIS points to SharePoint, and the SharePoint databases in SQL (using SQL server to do the db backups). We have custom event handlers and workflows built with Visual Studio, and deploy the dlls to the GAC as version 2 (signed and versioned in Visual Studio). So when we deploy, the GAC will contain 2 versions of the workflows - version 1 and version 2. During the deploy we use SP stsadm features to install/activate the WF's. We also go to each library and add the new, version 2 WFs. This automatically sets the version 1 WF's to "Not Allow" new instances (which is what we want) and the version 2 as active - perfect so far. When we've completed the install, we then assume a failure and attempt to restore to the same machines (SharePoint on one server, SQL on another). We start by uninstalling the version 2 WF's from the GAC, reset IIS (to clear cache of these ver. 2 WF dlls'), restore the 12-hive and virtual directory folders, then restore the SQL dbs. This is all just as manual as you read it - no stsadm here. All seems to work after our restore, it appears the restore was successful - the mods we made to column names, data changes, etc during the install are all reverted back to the original pre-install state. With one exception. When we run a workflow, it always fails and the Logs in the 12-hive indicates the WF is still trying to use the version 2 of the dll (System.IO file not found error) We think we've backed up and restored all the moving pieces of Sharepoint but we're missing something here, does anybody have any ideas why the version 2 WF dlls are still being referenced eventhough we restored all the folders and db's of SharePoint? Thanks, Kevin

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Backup, Migrate or Clone Failing CentOS 4 (LVM)

- by Hegelworm

Hello there, I've been running a BlueQuartz CentOS 4 system (Nuonce.net distro) for a few years now and although the hard drive (Deskstar) has always been a bit noisy, on a few recent occasions I've heard it having trouble spinning up. Basically, I want to clone this drive to a similar sized one (80 Gig). I've spent many hours reading upon dd, dd_rescue, rsync, clonezilla and LVM mirroring yet the sheer number of options and nightmarish accounts has left me frozen - unable to make an informed decision as to how to start. I've made a few attempts. dd failed after about 2 hours, as, although the drives appeared to be identical on the surface (ATA Seagate Barracudas, Thai not Chinese), the destination drive is slightly smaller. My most recent attempt involved using a Debian CD to format the new drive and then rsync-ing everything over and editing the new drive's grub and fstab to reflect the changes. No joy here either as I hadn't chosen LVM when partitioning the destination drive and it wouldn't boot. As you can probably tell, I'm out of my depth here and a panic-invoking mixture of caution and frustration has prompted me to sign up here. The server itself, although not strictly a production environment, has a very specific installation of Festival, LAME and ffMpeg and provides the back-end for a Text-to-Speech jQuery plugin that I've built over the last 2 years. I'm also planning to rebuild the whole TTS system on Debian as the existing CentOS system still has PHP4 etc. For now though, I'd really like to just shift everything over to a new drive. As this is my first post, please feel free to lay any house rules on me that I might've overlooked; I've been hovering around StackOverflow for a while now but have only just signed up. Many thanks.

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django, mod_wsgi, MySQL High CPU - Problems

- by Red Rover

Good Evening, and thank you for reading this post. I am having a problem with Django after migrating the dB from SQLlite to MySQL. Initially, for the first 48hours, all ran well. But now we are experiencing high cpu about every 30 minutes. This is a production ESX4i VM host, with 2 x 2.8 ghz CPUs and 12 GB ram. I have allocated 4 cpu's to this VM and 4 GB memory. Any insight into this configuration and help with the spikes in CPU would be appreciated. IT is configured to use the prefork MPM. Outlined are the config's for the different services: MySQL Server version: 5.1.61 Source distribution Django 1.3 mod_wsgi Apache/2.2.15 httpd.conf Timeout 120 KeepAlive Off MaxKeepAliveRequests 400 KeepAliveTimeout 3 prefork MPM StartServers 8 MinSpareServers 8 MaxSpareServers 16 ServerLimit 40 MaxClients 40 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 worker MPM StartServers 16 MaxClients 1024 MinSpareThreads 64 MaxSpareThreads 256 ThreadsPerChild 64 MaxRequestsPerChild 10240 MySQL my.conf [mysqld] datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock user=mysql symbolic-links=0 [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid my.cnf wsgi.conf LoadModule wsgi_module modules/mod_wsgi.so /etc/httpd/conf.d/wsgi.conf WSGISocketPrefix /var/run/wsgi WSGIPythonEggs /var/tmp WSGIDaemonProcess SITE maximum-requests=10000 WSGIProcessGroup SITE

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Biztalk 2009 logshipping with SQL 2008

- by Manjot

Hi, I am setting up biztalk logshipping for Biztalk 2009 database. Following http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa560961.aspx article, I am doing the following to setup biztalk logshipping on destination server: Enable Ad-hoc queries by: sp_configure 'show advanced options',1 go reconfigure go sp_configure 'Ad Hoc Distributed Queries',1 go reconfigure go sp_configure 'show advanced options',0 go reconfigure go Execute LogShipping_Destination_Schema & LogShipping_Destination_Logic in master on destinations server Run: exec bts_ConfigureBizTalkLogShipping @nvcDescription = '', @nvcMgmtDatabaseName = '', @nvcMgmtServerName = '', @SourceServerName = null, -- null indicates that this destination server restores all databases @fLinkServers = 1 -- 1 automatically links the server to the management database When I run this I am receiving the following error: Login failed for user 'NT AUTHORITY\ANONYMOUS LOGON'. After some research I found some info : Usually this error means that the SQL Server Service Principal Name (SPN) was not configured, and NTLM was not being used as an authentication mechanism. SQl services are runing under different domain accounts. So, I asked the domain admin to create SPNs for the servers, SQL service accounts for beoth source and destination using name and FQDN. enabled computer name and service accounts for delegation. When I run the following: select * from sys.dm_exec_connections I get the the same error: Login failed for user 'NT AUTHORITY\ANONYMOUS LOGON' Any help please?

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schedule backup and restore of SSAS 2008 database

- by Manjot

Hi, I can backup and restore databases on Microsoft SQL server Analysis Service 2008 using GUI as from Backup SSAS I want to schedule backup and restore it to another server every night. so what i did is : I scripted out the backup and restore process from the GUI. Created a new SQL server agent job in database engine and added a "Run SSAS query" step. Copied the scripts to this step. But it fails. the scripts that the GUI copied out look like: <Backup xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/analysisservices/2003/engine"> <Object> <DatabaseID>DB</DatabaseID> </Object> <File>C:\Backup\DB.abf</File> <AllowOverwrite>true</AllowOverwrite> </Backup> <Restore xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/analysisservices/2003/engine"> <File>\\server\C$\Backup\DB.abf</File> <DatabaseName>DB</DatabaseName> <AllowOverwrite>true</AllowOverwrite> </Restore> Any help please?

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How can I explain to dspam that the user "brandon" is the same as "brandon@mydomain"

- by Brandon Craig Rhodes

I am using dspam for spam filtering by running the "dspamd" daemon under Ubuntu 9.10 and then setting up a Postfix rule that says: smtpd_recipient_restrictions = ... check_client_access pcre:/etc/postfix/dspam_everything ... where that PCRE map looks like this: /./ FILTER lmtp:[127.0.0.1]:11124 This works well, and means that all users on my system get all of their email, whether "dspam" thinks it is innocent or not, and have the option of filtering on its decisions or ignoring them. The problem comes when I want to train dspam using my email archives. After reading about the "dspam" command, I tried this on the files in my Inbox and spam boxes (which date from when I was using another filtering solution): for file in Mail/Inbox/*; do cat $file | dspam --class=innocent --source=corpus; done for file in Mail/spam/*; do cat $file | dspam --class=spam --source=corpus; done The symptom I noticed after doing all of this was that dspam was horrible at classifying spam — it couldn't find any! The problem, when I tracked it down, was that I was training the user "brandon" with the above commands, but the incoming email was instead compared against the username "brandon@mydomain", so it was running against a completely empty training database! So, what can I do to make the above commands actually train my fully-qualified email address rather than my bare username? I would like to avoid having to run "dspam" as root with a "--user" option. I would have expected that the "dspam" configuration files would have had an "append_domain" attribute or something with which to decorate local usernames with an appropriate email domain, but I can't find any such thing. When I used to use the Berkeley DB backend to "dspam", I solved this problem by creating a symlink from one of the databases to the other. :-) But that solution eventually died because the BDB backend is not thread-safe, so now I have moved to the PostgreSQL back-end and need a way to solve the problem there. And, no, the table where it keeps usernames has a UNIQUE constraint that prevents me from listing both usernames as mapping to the same ID. :-)

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DisableCrossAccountCopy not working on some Outlook installs, working on others, both going against Exchange

- by MikeBaz

As part of a mail migration project from one Exchange organization to another, we need to be able to prevent users from moving/copying messages between their accounts in each organization. (Yes, users will think this is evil; no, it's not my decision; yes, users will hate us.) Luckily, we thought, Outlook 2010 provides the DisableCrossAccountCopy registry value/policy (cf. http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff800883.aspx). (Because you can't do multiple Exchange organizations in a single profile before Outlook 2010, this only matters on Outlook 2010. Yes, I'm ignoring for the sake of this question copy/move to/from the filesystem.) In our test lab, in a test forest with a test Exchange organization, with a second Exchange account added to the profile in either of the "real" Exchange organizations, with the value set to "*", everything works as expected. On a workstation in one of the production domains, however, the setting does not seem to work. We have tried it under HKCU, HKLM, HKCU\Software\Policies, and HKLM\Software\Policies. It simply seems to be ignored. The value was set in the OCT on a test machine, but the OCT (and the ADM/ADMX file) have the wrong type for the value. We have located the value in the registry and removed it everywhere it is found, we think, and put it back in HKCU, but it still isn't taking. At the moment, a clean Outlook install is not an option - even if it was, we at this point would need to know what to do to fix the pushed copy (I didn't push the copy out to thousands of machines, I've just been asked to help clean up the current mess). Thoughts?

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SQLVDI error - attempt to release mutex not owned by caller

- by Chris W

I've started getting some errors in the App event log of one of our database servers (Windows 2003 & SQL Server 2005). The nightly full database backups are completing successfully however immediately after the job success is written to the event log there is a run of entries that say: SQLVDI: Loc=CVDS. Desc=Release(ClientAliveMutex). ErrorCode=(288)Attempt to release mutex not owned by caller. There's five of these logged - the server itself has more than 20 databases on it which are all backed up successfully. The server is backed up by Bacula using a VSS backup. Has anyone got any ideas what would be causing the errors? They seem to have started after a re-boot on Friday to install some patches which included KB960089. Edit: After getting the errors for a few days they've now stopped without any action on my part other than letting the backups continue as they were. It may be a coincidence but they stopped after Bacula completed its weekly full rather than the daily incremental backup.

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Ruby on Rails (Redmine) on Apache - 503 Error

- by andrewtweber

I am running a Ruby on Rails application called Redmine. It's been working fine, but today it's giving a 503 Service Temporarily Unavailable error. (It was initially set up by an employee who is now gone.) I check the error log and it says: [Mon Nov 21 11:03:30 2011] [error] (111)Connection refused: proxy: HTTP: attempt to connect to 127.0.0.1:3000 (127.0.0.1) failed [Mon Nov 21 11:03:30 2011] [error] ap_proxy_connect_backend disabling worker for (127.0.0.1) Here's a chunk of my Apache config <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName redmine.{domain}.com RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/%{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ balancer://redminecluster%{REQUEST_URI} [P,QSA,L] </VirtualHost> <Proxy balancer://redminecluster> BalancerMember http://127.0.0.1:3000 </Proxy> I found this link: http://www.redmine.org/boards/2/topics/20561 which suggests I simply need to "start the redmine server." I've tried /etc/init.d/redmine start which gives me this output => Booting Mongrel => Rails 2.3.11 application starting on http://0.0.0.0:3000 The contents of /etc/init.d/redmine: cd /var/redmine sudo ruby script/server -d -e production One thing I immediately notice is that it says 0.0.0.0 instead of 127.0.0.1. In addition, running top or ps -ef shows no record of a "mongrel" or "redmine" process. I've also tried restarting Apache before and after starting redmine. Not sure where to go from here.

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How to direct reverse proxy requests using wildcard vhosts

- by HonoredMule

I'm interested in running a reverse proxy with 2-3 virtual machines behind it. Each internal server will run multiple virtual hosts, and rather than manually configuring each individual vhost on the proxy (a variety of vhosts come and go too often for this to be practical), I would like to use something which can employ pattern matching in a sequential order to find the appropriate back-end server. For example: Server 1: *.dev.mysite.com Server 2: *.stage.mysite.com Server 3: *.mysite.com, dev.mysite.com, stage.mysite.com, mysite.com Server 4: * In the above configuration, task.dev.mysite.com would go to Server 1, dev.mysite.com would go to Server 3, yoursite.stage.mysite.com to Server 2, www.mysite.com to Server 3, and yoursite.com to Server 4. I've looked into using Squid, Varnish, and nginx so far. I have my opinions regarding their respective desirability and general suitability, but it's not readily apparent if any of them can handle dynamic server selection in this manner and not require per-vhost configuration. Apache on the other hand can do this handily and simply, but otherwise (aside from being well-known and familiar) seems very poorly suited to the partly-performance-serving task. Performance isn't actually a major concern yet, but it seems foolish to use Apache if another system will perform far better and can also handle the desired 'hands-free' configuration. But so is frequently having to adjust the gateway for all production services and risk network-wide outage...and so also is setting oneself up for longer downtime later if Apache becomes a too-small bottleneck. Which of these (or other) reverse proxies can do it/would do it best? And maybe I should post this as a separate question, but if Apache is the only practical option, how safe/reliable/predictable is apache-mpm-event in apache2.2 (Ubuntu 12.04.1) particularly for a dedicated reverse proxy? As I understand it the Event MPM was declared "safe" as of 2.4 but it's unclear whether reaching stability in 2.4 has any implications for the older (2.2) versions available in official/stable package channels of various distros.

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SQL Server 2008 Remote Access

- by Timothy Strimple

I'm having problems connecting to my SQL Server 2008 database from my computer. I have enabled remote connections as described in this answer (http://serverfault.com/questions/7798/how-to-enable-remote-connections-for-sql-server-2008). And I have added the ports listed on the microsoft support page to our Cisco Asa firewall and I'm still unable to connect. The error I'm getting from the SQL Management Studio is: A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider: TCP Provider, error: 0 - A connection attempt failed because the connected party did not properly respond after a period of time, or established connection failed because connected host has failed to respond.) (Microsoft SQL Server, Error: 10060) Once again, I have double and triple checked that remote connections are enabled under the database properties and that TCP is enabled on the configuration page. I've added tcp ports 135, 1433, 1434, 2382, 2383, and 4022 as well as udp 1434 to the firewall. I've also checked to make sure that 1433 is the static port that is set in the tcp section of the database server configuration. The ports should be configured correctly in the firewall since http/https and rdp are all working and the sql server ports are setup the same way. What am I missing here? Any help you could offer would be greatly appreciated. Edit: I can connect to the server via TCP on the internal network. The servers are colocated in a datacenter and I can connect from my production box to my development box and vice versa. To me that indicates a firewall issue, but I've no idea what else to open. I've even tried allowing all tcp ports to that server without success.

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Can an image based backup potentially corrupt data?

- by ServerAdminGuy45

I'm considering doing image based backups (Acronis) on production Windows systems during non-peak hours. I'm just wondering if they can potentially lead to application data corruption. Lets say that I have a database that is getting hit pretty hard. Could I potentially have the beginning blocks of the database be commit ed to the image, data inserted into the db (which changes the beginning blocks of the DB on the server but not the image), then the blocks of data committed to the image (leading to an inconsistent state). Here's an example of what I'm trying to illustrate. Imagine a simple data structure which has a number in the front which represents the number of "a"s in a file. The number and data are delimited by a "-". For example: 4-ajjjjjjjajuuuuuuuaoffffa If an "a" is changed, the datastructure resets the number in the begining of the file such as: 3-ajjjjjjjajuuuuuuuboffffa I assume acronis writes block by block being a straight up image so here is what i'm invisioning happening with my database t0: 4-ajjjjjjjajuuuuuuuaoffffa ^pointer is here t1: 4-ajjjjjjjajuuuuuuuaoffffa ^pointer is here (all data before this is comitted to the image) t2: 4-ajjjjjjjajuuuuuuuboffffa ^pointer is here (all data before this is comitted to the image) Also notice how one of the "a"s change to a b. There are only 3 "a"s now t3: 4-ajjjjjjjajuuuuuuuboffffa ^pointer is here (all data before this is comitted to the image) The final image now reads "4-ajjjjjjjajuuuuuuuboffffa", while the true data is "3-ajjjjjjjajuuuuuuuboffffa" leading to a corrupt "database". Basically changes further down the blockchain could be reflected in the image, while important header and synchronization could already be committed. The out of date header information doesn't accurately reflect the structure of the blocks to come.

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Cannot print certain colours on Ubuntu with HP Laser Printer

- by ILMV

We have a load of machines running Ubuntu in our office, they are either on 8.04 or 9.10. We have a server which connects a HP JetDirect that connects to a HP 3550 Colour Laser printer using CUPS. The problem we are having is we cannot print red, magenta or yellow at 100%, I've got a picture of the Ubuntu test page to demonstrate my problem: This is obviously a pretty big problem as we are constantly receiving documents with these colours and cannot successfully print them off, we cannot just switch the grayscale, our business depends on being able to print colour (seems trivial but we handle lots of artwork). We're using the recommended driver HP Color LaserJet 3550 footmatic/pxljr (recommended), there is another driver in the list labelled HP Color LaserJet 3550 footmatic/hpijs. These are production printers so need to make sure any setting change won't kick is in the nuts. It would appear HPIJS is for HP Inkjets, makes sense I guess. The problem doesn't occur in Windows. RESOLVED I've managed to solve the problem, I did indeed use the HPIJS driver (apparently for inkjets) but it seems to have worked, we're going to roll with it for now to see how we get on with it.

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Options for synchronizing Palm Desktop calendars

- by Al Everett

My wife and I each have Palm Centro phones and very full calendars. We've been using Palm products for years and are happy with them and are not looking to switch (and don't have the budget for it even if we wanted to). What is a viable way we can synchronize our calendars? Back when we had Palm Z22s we used AirSet. It worked great in synchronizing our desktop calendars. Unfortunately, their sync software does not support Palm Desktop v6 and there is nothing in the pipeline to support it. (The third party vendor is apparently not interested in updating for the newer Palm desktop.) I would love to be able to get back to having each other's appointments appear on the other's calendar. What can we do? Some limitations: A data plan is not an option (so this precludes over-the-air synchronization options) No Microsoft Outlook Edit: Syncing my Palm to my Palm Desktop is not the issue. Being able to sync, in some way, the Palm calendar databases of my wife's and my calendars is what's desired.

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Hostname error on my Slicehost Ubuntu server

- by allesklar

Like many folks who upgraded to Rails 2.2, I got an exception raised when sending an email. This version of Rails or later does require using tls for sending emails. The message in the production log file says: hostname was not match with the server certificate I did a whole lot of research and work on this and did everything I could. I changed my slice's hostname to ohlalaweb.com. If I run the command 'hostname' at the CL I get: ohlalaweb.com Postfix seems to work fine. I can send emails from the CL to my gmail, yahoo, and google apps gmail accounts with no problems. Here is the result of cat /etc/postfix/main.cf # See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version # Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first # line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default # is /etc/mailname. myorigin = /etc/mailname smmtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu) biff = no # appending .domain is the MUA's job. append_dot_mydomain = no # Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings #delay_warning_time = 4h readme_directory = no # TLS parameters smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ohlalaweb.pem smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ohlalaweb.pem smtpd_use_tls=yes # SA created next line to force postfix to use self create certificate smtpd_tls_auth_only=yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache # See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for # information on enabling SSL in the smtp client. myhostname = ohlalaweb.com alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases mydestination = localhost.localdomain, localhost relayhost = mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 mailbox_size_limit = 0 recipient_delimiter = + inet_interfaces = all I have regenerated the ssl keys with the ohlalaweb.com host name. Any ideas or suggestions?

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Rack layout for future growth

- by bleything

We're getting ready to move to a new colo facility and I'm designing the rack layout. While we have a full rack, we only have 12U worth of hardware right now: 1x 1U switch 7x 1U servers 1x 2U server 1x 2U disk shelf The colo facility requires us to front-mount the switch and use a 1U brush strip, so we'll be using a total of 13U of space. Regarding growth, I'm reasonably sure we'll be adding another 4U in servers, 1-2U of network gear, and 2-4U of storage in the mid-term. Specific questions I'm hoping to get help with: where should I mount the switch? the LEDs are on top... should I group the servers by function with space for adding new machines? as an alternative, should I group servers based on whether they are production or staging? where in the rack should I start? in the middle? at the top? at the bottom? equally spaced? Here's a silly little ASCII diagram of what I'm thinking right now. Please feel free to tear my design apart, I've really no idea what I'm doing :) Any advice is very welcome. edit: to be clear, the colo is providing redundant power with UPS and generator, so that's why there's no power gear in the plan, except for the 0U PDU that I didn't diagram. 42 | -- switch ---------------------- 41 | -- brush strip ----------------- 40 | ~~ reserved for second switch ~~ 39 | ~~ reserved for firewall ~~~~~~~ 38 | 37 | -- admin01 --------------------- 36 | 35 | -- vm01 ------------------------ 34 | -- vm02 ------------------------ 33 | ~~ reserved for vm03 ~~~~~~~~~~~ 32 | ~~ reserved for vm04 ~~~~~~~~~~~ 31 | ~~ reserved for vm05 ~~~~~~~~~~~ 30 | 29 | -- web01 ----------------------- 28 | -- web02 ----------------------- 27 | ~~ reserved for web03 ~~~~~~~~~~ 26 | ~~ reserved for web04 ~~~~~~~~~~ 25 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 21 | 20 | 19 | 18 | 17 | 16 | -- db01 ------------------------ 15 | +- disks ----------------------+ 14 | +------------------------------+ 13 | ~~ reserved for more ~~~~~~~~~~~ 12 | ~~ db01 disks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 11 | 10 | +- db02 -----------------------+ 9 | +------------------------------+ 8 | ~~ reserved for db02 ~~~~~~~~~~~ 7 | ~~ disks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 6 | ~~ reserved for more ~~~~~~~~~~~ 5 | ~~ db02 disks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |

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Unusual Caching Issue with IE 7/8 and IIS 7

- by Daniel A. White

We recently moved a site into production running Server 2008 x64 and IIS 7. The ASP.NET pages apparently load just fine, but when it comes to IE 7 and 8, a weird caching issue has cropped up with the CSS and JavaScript files on the page. On a very sporadic schedule, IE does not get all the files necessary to compose the page (i.e. CSS and JS files). When I manually go to the missing files from the address bar, they come back from local cache as empty. I F5 these source files and magically they come down properly. I refresh the site after loading a few files and the cache seems to hold. This problem has only been reproduced (again, sporadically) on IE 7 and 8 running XP. Chrome and Firefox appear to be immune. We have set IIS to use server-side kernel caching for CSS, JS and images. We also have set to expire content for the App_Themes and Scripts directories to expire immediately. One initial thought it was a SWF loading an FLV on page load. These fixes have not remedied the problem. We had no problems on our staging server which is using Server 2003 and IIS 6. Any ideas would be greatly appreciated. P.S. It sounds similar to this problem: but we do have the Static Content module installed. http://serverfault.com/questions/115099/iis-content-length-0-for-css-javascript-and-images

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How do I troubleshoot a segfault in Ubuntu that occurs when typing a bogus command?

- by Alan

We've got a production server running Ubuntu 11.10. We're encountering segfaults that appear under various conditions. The simplest reproducible case is when we login to an ssh session as our administrative user and enter a bogus command. You'd expect the standard "command not found" error message. Instead, we get a segfault in python. The user's default shell is /bin/bash. For example: $ asdf Segmentation fault Info from /var/log/syslog: Jul 6 15:39:20 PROD001 kernel: [2155960.605695] python[7873]: segfault at 0 ip (null) sp 00007fffd030b808 error 14 in python2.7[400000+233000] Some details about the server: $ uname -a Linux PROD001 3.0.0-16-server #29-Ubuntu SMP Tue Feb 14 13:08:12 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux $ cat /etc/issue Ubuntu 11.10 \n \l Before we ask the IT department to reinstall the O.S., I'd like to understand what got us here. The system and/or this particular user's environment is suspect. Many people have touched this server over the past year, so I'm wondering if it is missing libraries, incorrectly installed packages, etc. I'm hoping that if we can understand what's going wrong in this case, it will help explain why we're getting segfaults in a couple of other scenarios. Any tips on troubleshooting this segfault will be appreciated!

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