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• Proxy the traffic in http and https from my iPhone/iPad to VirtualBox on my Mac

  - by Nicolas BADIA

  I've got a mac running a Debian VirtualBox which forward the traffic from 8080 on the mac to 80 in the box and from 8443 to 443. The domains with the extension .dev are redirected on the mac to 127.0.0.1 with dnsmasq. The traffic on IP 127.0.0.1 is forwarded from 80 to 8080 and from 443 to 8443 using ipfw. So with this settings, my Debian VirtualBox gets all the traffic of my .dev domains in http or https. What I want is to be able to proxy the traffic of my .dev domains in http and https from my iPad to my Debian VirtualBox on the mac. I've try to setup an HTTP proxy on the ipad but I can only do it for one port (and it's not working with the port 443). Any idea on how I could achieve that ?

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• Is this iptables NAT exploitable from the external side?

  - by Karma Fusebox

  Could you please have a short look on this simple iptables/NAT-Setup, I believe it has a fairly serious security issue (due to being too simple). On this network there is one internet-connected machine (running Debian Squeeze/2.6.32-5 with iptables 1.4.8) acting as NAT/Gateway for the handful of clients in 192.168/24. The machine has two NICs: eth0: internet-faced eth1: LAN-faced, 192.168.0.1, the default GW for 192.168/24 Routing table is two-NICs-default without manual changes: Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 (externalNet) 0.0.0.0 255.255.252.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 (externalGW) 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 The NAT is then enabled only and merely by these actions, there are no more iptables rules: echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward /sbin/iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE # (all iptables policies are ACCEPT) This does the job, but I miss several things here which I believe could be a security issue: there is no restriction about allowed source interfaces or source networks at all there is no firewalling part such as: (set policies to DROP) /sbin/iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth1 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT /sbin/iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT And thus, the questions of my sleepless nights are: Is this NAT-service available to anyone in the world who sets this machine as his default gateway? I'd say yes it is, because there is nothing indicating that an incoming external connection (via eth0) should be handled any different than an incoming internal connection (via eth1) as long as the output-interface is eth0 - and routing-wise that holds true for both external und internal clients that want to access the internet. So if I am right, anyone could use this machine as open proxy by having his packets NATted here. So please tell me if that's right or why it is not. As a "hotfix" I have added a "-s 192.168.0.0/24" option to the NAT-starting command. I would like to know if not using this option was indeed a security issue or just irrelevant thanks to some mechanism I am not aware of. As the policies are all ACCEPT, there is currently no restriction on forwarding eth1 to eth0 (internal to external). But what are the effective implications of currently NOT having the restriction that only RELATED and ESTABLISHED states are forwarded from eth0 to eth1 (external to internal)? In other words, should I rather change the policies to DROP and apply the two "firewalling" rules I mentioned above or is the lack of them not affecting security? Thanks for clarification!

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• Cloud services can't be reached from complex customer infrastructure

  - by Nock

  We have several services running on a cloud, they all are hosted on Windows Server 2012 R2, have public IP address and specific port. Some of our customers can't reach them because for "some reason" the ports are cut between a firewall between them and us. (some customers are using a shared internet connection in a multi tenant office and they can't change firewall communication) Well, you get it, we don't have the possibility to make all the firewall "allowing" the communication. My customers all runs Windows 7 at least. What is the best counter solution in such case, using Microsoft (Windows Server) technologies? The best would be some kind of tunneling communication or VPN, but the customer should also be able to access his/her enterprise resources. Bby the way, today we using IPSec using Windows Firewall to secure the communication, is IPSec tunneling a solution for us? Otherwise, is there a service in Windows to enable some kind of VPN between a client and a server but only for a given set of servers?

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• How does Subnetting Work?

  - by Kyle Brandt

  How does Subnetting Work, and How do you do it by hand or in your head? Can someone explain both conceptually and with several examples? Server Fault gets lots of subnetting homework questions, so we could use an answer to point them to on Server Fault itself. What is classless routing and why is class-based routing obsolete? If I have a network, how do I figure out how to split it up? If I am given a netmask, how do I know what the network Range is for it? Sometimes there is a slash followed by a number, what is that number? Sometimes there is a subnet mask, but also a wildcard mask, they seem like the same thing but they are different? Someone mentioned something about knowing binary for this? What is NAT (Network Address Translation). Not looking for links to other sites (unless maybe you have one post with a bunch of good ones). I already know how to subnet, I just thought it would be nice if Server Fault had a generic subnetting answer.

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• HP laptop won't recognize wireless adapter

  - by Dennis Williamson

  I have an HP Pavilion dv6400 series laptop with an NVidea chipset which is the subject of a class action lawsuit. The symptom (PDF) that I'm experiencing is that the system fails to recognize that there is a wireless adapter installed. It doesn't appear in Device Manager. Is there some way, short of installing a new adapter, that I can work around this problem? The system is running Windows Vista Home and has the latest BIOS (F42) and Windows updates and drivers. See this related question where I ask how to use an old Windows Mobile phone as a Wi-Fi (not cellular data) tether.

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• Web Development - How to access custom host, defined in my hosts file, from another device in the same network

  - by Neara

  Ok, I hope i'll be able to explain the issue im experiencing. I'm working on a project, that has 2 parts: one takes all requests from usual localhost, the other handles requests from myhost.local. While trying to access both addresses from my computer, it works ok. But now i need to test myhost.local on mobile devices, connected to the same network. Usually i would just run server from my computer ip in the network: python manage.py runserver 10.0.0.8:8000 And then from any device, going to 10.0.0.8:8000 would show the project im working on. However, now accessing that ip address routes me straight to localhost. So, my question is how to access myhost.local from another device in same network? I don't want to change router settings, if that can be avoided, cos sometimes i work from places where i can't access router admin. Is there any network settings on my computer, that i can change to fix the routing to myhost.local w.o losing access to localhost as well?

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• Slow tracepath on local LAN

  - by Simone Falcini

  I am on EXSi and I have 2 instances: Ubuntu and CentOS. These are the network configurations Ubuntu eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:56:00:1f:68 inet addr:212.83.153.71 Bcast:212.83.153.71 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:76059 errors:0 dropped:26 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:7224 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:6482760 (6.4 MB) TX bytes:2080684 (2.0 MB) eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0c:29:46:5a:f2 inet addr:192.168.1.1 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:252 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:608 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:42460 (42.4 KB) TX bytes:82474 (82.4 KB) /etc/iptables.conf *nat :PREROUTING ACCEPT [142:12571] :INPUT ACCEPT [5:1076] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [8:496] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [8:496] -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.1.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE COMMIT *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [2:72] :FORWARD ACCEPT [4:336] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [6:328] -A INPUT -i eth1 -p tcp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i eth1 -p udp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --dport ssh -j ACCEPT COMMIT CentOS eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:74:1C:55 inet addr:192.168.1.2 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe74:1c55/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:499 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:475 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:68326 (66.7 KiB) TX bytes:82641 (80.7 KiB) The main problem is that if i execute this command from the CentOS instance ssh 192.168.1.2 it takes more than 20s to connect. It seems like it's routing the connection to the wrong network. What could it be? Thanks!

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• ip conflict error

  - by mhay

  how to resolve ip conflict error ? i m getting my server's ip address when i m downloading from rapidshare ? and my ip address is different.

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• Best way to segment traffic, Vlan or subnet

  - by thebird

  We have a medium sized network of around 200 nodes and are currently in the process of replacing old daisy chained switches with stack-able or chassis style switches. Right now our network is broken up via subnet; production, management, IP, etc each on a separate subnet. Does anyone have an opinion on whether creating Vlan's instead of subnets would be more beneficial? Our general goal is to prevent bottlenecks, separate traffic for security, and to manage traffic with more ease.

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• Systemd-networkd: How can I prepend a static nameserver entry to DHCP-discovered nameservers?

  - by runiq

  I'm using systemd 213 on Arch Linux, and systemd-networkd with DHCP to connect to the internet. I'm also running a caching DNS server on 127.0.0.1. I'd like to make this server the first DNS server in the list, but I'd also like to use the nameservers discovered by systemd-networkd's DHCP facility. Using a static resolv.conf isn't really possible, because I connect to networks with different DNS settings. I know I can set fallback DNS servers in /etc/systemd/resolved.conf, but is there a way with systemd-networkd to prepend my local DNS server to those discovered by DHCP?

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• How to toggle wifi / bluetooth in Macbook Air with Windows 7 installed

  - by Barry Kelly

  I'm writing this on a MacBook Air 13" (the ones just released), but I have a problem. BootCamp provides no easy way of turning off the bluetooth or wifi radios, and nor are there any hotkey combinations on the keyboard, nor any hard or soft switches on the body to toggle these radios. As I'll be travelling a lot with this machine, what's the best way for me to comply with the cabin service crews' instructions and disable the radios before takeoff, and reenable them after landing?

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• Obtaining a DHCP IP address if static address is not available

  - by user142485

  I have seen some questions that are similar to my problem but not a good solution. Ex. User has a laptop and has a static IP address at the office. They also take the laptop off site where they also need internet. Is there a way to configure their computer so that it will obtain an IP address automatically when the configured static address is not available (without making the user go into network configuration and changing to obtain automatically)?

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• How to set static ip address on vmware for NAT guest vms from an ubuntu Host dhcp server?

  - by javadba

  I need to configure various linux flavor NAT'ed guest vm's to have static ip addresses provided by the Ubuntu host. The vmware documentation punts on this topic, deferring to "see the man pages for your linux distribution". But the generic pages for "my linux distro" do not know about the special stuff for vmware e.g. vmnet8. Pointers from someone who just knows how to do this would be much appreciated. Here is the /etc/vmware/vmnet8/dhcpd/dhcpd.conf: allow unknown-clients; default-lease-time 1800; # default is 30 minutes max-lease-time 7200; # default is 2 hours subnet 192.168.238.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { range 192.168.238.128 192.168.238.254; option broadcast-address 192.168.238.255; option domain-name-servers 192.168.238.2; option domain-name localdomain; default-lease-time 1800; # default is 30 minutes max-lease-time 7200; # default is 2 hours option netbios-name-servers 192.168.238.2; option routers 192.168.238.2; } host vmnet8 { hardware ethernet 00:50:56:C0:00:08; fixed-address 192.168.238.1; option domain-name-servers 0.0.0.0; option domain-name ""; option routers 0.0.0.0; } Fromt the dhcpd.conf documentation, we are supposed to add an entry for static hosts similar to the following: host mystatichostonee { hardware ethernet 00:20:6B:C7:9B:E4; fixed-address 192.168.238.101; } host mystatichosttwo { hardware ethernet 00:23:7a:C7:9c:F2; fixed-address 192.168.238.102; } But notice that the vmnet8 entry in the vmware-generated dhcpd.conf already is set to fixed-address. I don't know how to add the specifics for my hosts to that vmnet8 entry: do they become nested?

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• How to address an EC2 instance from both inside and outside datacenter?

  - by Alexandr Kurilin

  I'm trying to find a good way of being able to address my EC2 database instance from both inside and outside of the datacenter. Other EC2 instances need to be able to call into it, and other clients like pgAdmin might need to connect to it from the outside world as well. It's my understanding that using the internal and external DNS names is sustainable long term as each reboot leads to a change. I'm thinking of associating an Elastic IP with the instance and giving it an A record (say db1.mydomain.com) which I then will use both within and outside the datacenter. Further instances in the same role will get the same treatment and a DNS record of db2.mydomain.com etc. Now, is there a cleaner and more stable way of achieving this result? Am going about this the wrong way? Suggestions?

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• How can I join two simple home networks together using an ethernet cable?

  - by Ilia Jerebtsov

  I want to join two different home networks together like so: PC A1 PC A2 PC B1 PC B2 \ / \ / Gateway A <----- ethr. cable -----> Gateway B | | ADSL modem A ADSL modem B Both networks are of the basic residential type with identical configuration, with all PCs running Vista/7. The point is to temporarily join two apartments in a building for gaming and file sharing, and the holy grail would be: PCs on network A can access PCs on network B and vice-versa (file shares and gaming). Each network uses its own internet connection. Data between networks shouldn't take a trip through the internet (broadband upload speeds are severely capped) A network's internet access should continue working if the joining cable is disconnected with minimal configuration changes. How closely can this be achieved?

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• Hooking up a multifunction printer via network and USB

  - by C-dizzle

  I have a Dell 2155CDN Multifunction printer that is hooked up through our network. But when using the scan feature, it is terribly slow, and I assume it has something to do with it scanning through the network port. Is it possible to leave the printer hooked up across the network, but also attach it to a computer via USB just for the scanner? Or would doing this confuse the printer not knowing which port to use for each feature?

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• Can't ping static IP from internal network, only from outside

  - by Mike

  I'm running ubuntu and I have apache running, however, I can't ping internally to my static IP nor browse http://207.40.XXX.XX the web server using my static IP. I can only ping/browse localhost, 127.0.0.1, and 192.168.0.120 OR 207.40.XXX.XX only from the outside world. # cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost 127.0.1.1 my-server.myhost.com my-server # hostname my-server # netstat -tapn tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN - tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN - tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:29754 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN - tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:443 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN - tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN Any ideas why this is not working?

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• How to connect the virtual networks of vmware guests running on different hosts?

  - by gyrolf

  In a test setup, we are running several virtual machines on a single vmware workstation host. All virtual machines are connected via a "host only" network. This runs fine up to 2 or 3 virtual machines (depending on the host hardware). To allow more virtual machines, we want to use more host machines. Details about the environment and applications: Host PCs are running Windows XP in a corporate intranet. VMware used is Workstation 6.5 Guests are running Windows Server 2003 All guests act as Web Servers One of the guests additionally acts as Windows File server, offering shared folders for the other guests to connect to. Restrictions: VMware guests shall not be visible from the intranet. Changes to the host PC are restricted by corporate policy. In the virtual network, no domain controller exists. All virtual machines are member of the same workgroup. Running the virtual network as NAT is possible. Port forwarding might be used if it does not conflict with ports used by the host PC. Looking for a solution, I found hints about using router or vpn software on the hosts, but without any details how to setup. (I found a similar question Sharing the network between 2 VMware hosts, but the answer was not sufficient for me.)

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• Multiple WAPs: Bandwidth, Frequency Considerations

  - by Pete Cresswell

  The router in my LAN closet does 2 and 5 GHz. In the kitchen, I have a single-band 2 GHz WAP, and in the garden shed I have another single-band 2 GHz WAP. All are set to Bandwidth = 40 MHz, Wireless Network Mode = N-Only. The kitchen WAP and the LAN closet router both come up with multiple bars on my smart phone from almost anywhere in the house. The garden shed WAP will register one bar... but only sometimes. The Questions: Are these things in danger of butting heads? Should I re-set them to Bandwidth = 20 MHz? Bandwidth = Auto? Are there any tools that I could use on an Android smart phone, iPod, or WiFi-enabled laptop to make my own analysis?

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• NAT and NGINX on the same server

  - by Morten

  I'm setting up a VPC cluster for my collaborative todo list application www.getdoneapp.com. To have my servers on the private network I need a NAT server so my servers on the private network can connect to the internet to receive updates and what not. The NAT server will consume an elastic IP address, so I'm wondering if I can just have that NAT server run nginx to direct traffic to my internal servers for HTTP. So the question is, is it a bad idea to run NGINX and NAT on the same server, or should I go for consuming 2 elastic IP addresses?

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• Any way to stop VMWare workstation from dropping SSH connections?

  - by oljones

  I have VMWare workstation 8 with a few Linux guests. I have had problems maintaining an active SSH connection to my VMs when they are in bridged mode. I first read that the onboard realtek network cards were not well supported so I bought a Intel Pro/1000 GT card. This supposedly had support. But this made no difference. Connections via SSH are active for about the first 3 minutes then hang and die. I have changed the TCP Checksum offload on the Intel and Realtek NICs, but this only works some of the time and even then not for very long. The best I could do was about 20 minutes before the connection was dropped. Any ideas?

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• Internal Linux machine with Apache that I can access by IP address but not computer name

  - by Parris

  I have an Ubuntu machine running LAMP. While on the machine I can type localhost or the computers name to access htdocs. From another machine I can only access the machine via its IP Address. This just started happening recently when someone rearranged the network cables and removed a hub sitting between the machine and the network, which makes me think it wasn't all the stable to begin with anyways. Any suggestions on where I should start looking?

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• How to analyze a wifi network with many devices

  - by Caveatrob

  My friend has a wifi network with an x-box, a wii, a playstation, and two nintendo portables. She's also got 2-3 PC's and a network printer. She's got a wifi repeater as well. She claims that she didn't have any issues for months with everything working together, and suddenly everything stopped disconnecting. I haven't been over there yet - wanted to figure out the best way to diagnose the thing. I asked her to send me the stats on the booster and the modem, etc: The booster is Netgear serial #2ac2195506b95 The modem is Cisco Linksys e1500 #10910c12129103 We have a sprint router thru centurylink and they said it is working fine 660 series

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• linux macvlan - stop from broadcasting hostname

  - by staticfloat

  I am trying to simulate two different computers on one box, using the macvlan module (which is awesome, by the way) but I have one small problem; When I create the macvlan Ubuntu 11.10 very helpfully starts broadcasting its hostname on both interfaces, creating an amazing amount of confusion for everything that deals with hostnames. Does anyone know how to stop ubuntu from advertising its hostname on a certain interface? Thanks!

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• WNDR3700 Router + Cisco SG200-08 + LACP + Dual Uplink

  - by kobaltz

  Background I have a storage server that has several virtual machine images stored on them. I would store them locally, but I have limited space on my desktop (using SSD storage). I would like to increase the bandwidth between the desktop and the storage server by using two NICs on each computer. My original configuration allowed about 55MBps between the desktop and storage server. This storage server also has several TBs of documents, pictures, movies, vms, and ISO/programs. The storage server has 8 1.5TB hard drives in a RAID 10 configuration with a hardware RAID controller. The benchmarks on the RAID 10 are about 300MBps. Configuration In short, I am trying to bridge my switch and router. The switch is a small 8 port Cisco smart switch that supports 802.3ad LACP. I have two computers plugged into the switch, each with 2 Intel Gigabit NICs. The first computer is a Windows 7 machine that has the Intel ANS software installed. I have LACP configured with the computer and now show 3 NICs (2 Physical + 1 TEAM Virtual @ 2Gbps). It looks like this computer is configured correctly. I trunked the two ports that this computer is plugged into with the switch's web interface. The second computer is a homebrew storage box running debian. I also have the bonding enabled on this machine and the switch configured with LACP. Without having the WNDR3700 router in the picture yet, I am able to communicate between the Windows 7 machine and the debian box since they both have static IP addresses. With LACP enabled on both machines I am getting about 106-108MBps speeds. Issue I plug in a network cable from the switch into the router and enable DHCP on the desktop. I saw no need to have a static address on the desktop. My transfer rates are still from 106MBps-108MBps. While this is still a boost, I am trying to figure out how to get about 140-180MBps. I am thinking that I need to increase the bandwidth from the router to the switch. My switch allows 4 groups for port trunking. I plugged in a second network cable from the router to the switch. My question is, what is the proper way to fix this issue. Should I port trunk the two ports that are going from the switch to the router? Keep in mind that the router is a WNDR3700 and is unsure whether or not it supports LACP. I do have OpenWRT installed on the router, but it still wasn't clear in any documentation that I found if it supported 802.3ad LACP standards. I am also wondering if there needs to be anything changed within the Cisco settings. [Edit] - Corrected some numbers, wasn't really paying attention. It looks like the speeds though at least two NICs are bonded with LACP is still reaching the max bandwidth of one port. Is there a way to configure the switch so that I can increase this bandwidth? Also, on the storage server, I had a couple of extra NICs laying around and threw them on there as well. Another EDIT and More Findings I happened to look at the traffic of each individual NIC and think that I see the problem. I tested with a simple transfer for a 4GB file. I noticed that only one of the NICs was taking the load of the traffic. I then copied the file back to the Storage Server and noticed that the other NIC was sending out the traffic. I have 802.3ad LACP enabled on the two NICs and I see that it gets enabled dynamically on the switch's interface. Should I be using Static Link Aggregation?

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