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• monitoring load on AWS EC2

  - by hortitude

  I'm interesting in monitoring our EC2 instances to ensure we scale up when necessary. Right now we are monitoring idle CPU time as our metric. We aren't measuring disk IO as we are not a very disk intensive application. When running on our own hardware in a datacenter I also usually monitor "load" from the top command. My question is: Does it make sense to monitor "load" on a shared env such as EC2? If so, how do you interpret the results?

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• Linux Software Raid runs checkarray on the First Sunday of the Month? Why?

  - by mgjk

  It looks like Debian has a default to run checkarray on the first Sunday of the month. This causes massive performance problems and heavy disk usage for 12 hours on my 2TB mirror. Doing this "just in case" is bizzare to me. Discovering data out of sync between the two disks without quorum would be a failure anyway. This massive checking could only tell me that I have an unrecoverable drive failure and corrupt data. Which is nice, but not all that helpful. Is it necessary? Given I have no disk errors and no reason to believe my disks have failed, why is this check necessary? Should I take it out of my cron? /etc/cron.d# tail -1 /etc/cron.d/mdadm 57 0 * * 0 root [ -x /usr/share/mdadm/checkarray ] && [ $(date +\%d) -le 7 ] && /usr/share/mdadm/checkarray --cron --all --quiet Thanks for any insight,

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• Is a computer's DRAM size not as important once we get a Solid State Drive?

  - by Jian Lin

  I am thinking of getting a Dell X11 netbook, and it can go up to 8GB of DRAM, together with a 256GB Solid State Drive. So in that case, it can handle quite a bit of Virtual PC running Linux, and Win XP, etc. But is the 8GB of RAM not so important any more? Won't 2GB or 4GB be quite good if a Solid State Drive is used? I think the most worrying thing is that the memory is not enough and the less often used data is swapped to the pagefile on hard disk and it will become really slow, but with an SSD drive, the problem is a lot less of a concern? Is there a comparison as to, if DRAM speed is n, then SSD drive speed is how many n and hard disk speed is how many n just as a ball park comparison?

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• USB connection issue

  - by user1664417

  Currently Im facing an issue when Im trying to connect any usb flash drive to my pc. ok, below is what happens to me: 1) I can connect usb keyboard and mouse without any issue. 2) however when i connect usb flash drive, there are 2 situations that are occuring randomly a) there is no usb drive mount in my computer, when device manager is checked, it shows error code 10, but is shown in disk management. b) my computer will have usb drive mounted, but when I click on it, it is empty. on right click the properties, the disk space show 0. (there are files within the usb) what i have done is: 1) run CCleaner to repair the registry, restart and try, but still not working. 2) uninstall the drive in device manager, restart and try, but still not working. 3) tried the port that connects mouse and keyboard, but does not work. anyone who experienced these problems before please guide me. any suggestions or solutions would be greatly appreciated. Thanks, Tony

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• Linux Read-Ahead Downsides

  - by JPerkSter

  Hi Everyone, Hope all is well. I have a question regarding read-ahead caching. Are there any downsides to raising the size of the read-ahead cache? On our farm, we're currently running at 256, and upon raising that higher, we are seeing significant throughput gains.   [root@server~]# hdparm -tT /dev/sda /dev/sda: Timing cached reads: 7352 MB in 2.00 seconds = 3677.62 MB/sec 3 Timing buffered disk reads: 244 MB in 3.10 seconds = 78.68 MB/sec [root@server ~]# blockdev --setra 10240 /dev/sda [root@server ~]# hdparm -tT /dev/sda /dev/sda: Timing cached reads: 11452 MB in 2.00 seconds = 5728.52 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 422 MB in 3.17 seconds = 133.04 MB/sec We are running on 2.6. Thanks!

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• ESXi5 - management services crashes - vms running

  - by Frederik Nielsen

  I have a setup with two ESXi5 servers. We are(were) running with a ISCSi box to server disk for the VM's - however we are in the progress of migrating away from it, because the storage os disk is bad. Now, one of the ESXi hosts has been running for ~20hrs, and it seems like the management services just crashed on that host.. The vms are still running - so it's not really serious. However, I want to fix it. Should I be worried? Will the VM's keep running? The hosts does respond on pings. I am running a vcenter to administrate the hosts. Thanks in advance.

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• How can I set deadline as the I/O scheduler for USB Flash devices by using udev rules?

  - by ????

  I have set CFQ as the default I/O scheduler. I often get bad performance when I write data into a Flash device. This is resolved if I use deadline as the I/O scheduler for USB Flash devices. I can't always change the scheduler manually, right? I think writing udev rules is a good idea. Can someone please write rules for me? I want: When I plug in a USB device, detect the type of the device. If it is a portable USB hard disk, do nothing (I think if a device has more than one partitions, it always a portable hard disk. If it is a USB Flash device, set deadline as it's scheduler.

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• Intuitive view of what's using the hard drive so much on Windows 7?

  - by Aren Cambre

  Sometimes my hard drive usage is near 100%, and I have no idea what is causing it. Are there any utilities that can help diagnose excessive hard drive usage and have as intuitive of an interface as Task Manager's Processes tab, which I can sort by CPU usage? I am aware of using procmon, of adding columns to Task Manager's Processes tab like I/O Read Bytes and I/O Write Bytes, and using Resource Monitor's Disk tab. Too often, these don't give me useful information or clearly identify a single process that is hogging the disk.

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• Ubuntu Linux: Process swap memory and memory usage

  - by David Halter

  My Ubuntu eats more memory than the task manager is showing: sudo ps -e --format rss | awk 'BEGIN{c=0} {c+=$1} END{print c/1024}' 1043.84 free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3860 1878 1982 0 20 679 -/+ buffers/cache: 1178 2681 Swap: 2729 1035 1693 That's strange. Can someone explain this difference? But what is more important: I'd like to know how much memory a process is really using. I don't want to know the virtual memory size, but rather the resident memory plus swap of a process. I have also tried to output the format param "sz" of 'ps', but the sum of this is to high (5450 MB) (param 'size' gives 8323.45 MB). Are there any other options? I really want to use this, to determine which programs/processes are eating to much memory (and swap), to kill them, because hibernate might not be working if the swap partition is to little.

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• migrating storage to a different controller

  - by bellocarico

  Hello, I've just purcheased a couple of adaptec controller (2405/5405) for my ESXi 4.0 U1 servers. Currently ESXi and a couple of VMs are hosted on single sata boot disk connected to a nvidia on board non-RAID controller. I know that it's possible to migrate from single disk to RAID 1 with adaptec and I'm pleased with that, but I'm not sure if ESXi has already the right drivers installed/loaded for this controller. Is there any way I can check this? Is ESXi clever enough to recognize the new hardware and load the right module? Thanks

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• Find keyword values from PDF [closed]

  - by JukkaA

  I have a lot of PDF reports I'd need to index. They're mostly "text-based PDFs", not images. I know they all have account number in certain format, 123456AAAAA and some other keyword info like addresses, customer names etc. needed in indexing these files. Basically if the file is ab.pdf, I need to create ab.txt that contains: ACC=123456AAAA Customer=John Doe Date=20120808 What would be the best software/solution to generate indexing information for these? I know there's pdftotext, but piping it to different grep/awk commands is a hack... It would be nice to specify an area in PDF to search for the account number, and specify the format it is in.

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• Force snmptrapd to log only v2c traps

  - by dare2be

  Hello, I am in the middle of writing new network management software for my University. However, I need to implement a quickie solution to handle specific traps. Right now, my snmptrapd is configured to accept any traps, i.e.: # /etc/snmp/snmptrapd.conf authCommunity log publicString logOption f /var/log/snmptrapd.log format1 "" format2 "%02.2h:%02.2j %b %N\n" What I basically want to do is to log ONLY v2c traps. I intended to do it with setting the format for v1 traps to null (format 1 "") but snmptrapd keeps sending "" to its log. Does anybody know a workaround for this?

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• Why doesn't Ghost 2003 offer to fill the destination drive?

  - by Neil

  Because it is dangerously low on disk space, I want to upgrade an SBS 2003 server by replacing its existing 72GB drive with a 364GB drive. When I tried to use Norton Ghost 2003 to clone the disk it didn't suggest that I use the entire new drive. I'm worried that I caused the process to fail by overriding its decision - although the cloned drive boots in Safe Mode, if I try booting it normally then none of the SQL Express instances start and something causes the server to reboot before even the Ctrl+Alt+Del screen appears. Does Ghost 2003 know something that I don't? Or should I be using some other software?

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• Can't change current working directory to external drive in Windows

  - by Tom

  I'm trying to run a program located on an external USB disk using the Windows command prompt. I'm running Windows 7 64-bit (running in VMWare Workstation 8.0.) Here's what happens: I plug in the USB disk and it appears as drive letter 'E' in My Computer. I launch cmd from the start menu. I notice the prompt displays C:\Users\Tom> I type cd E:\ I notice the prompt displays C:\Users\Tom> (cd also yields C:\Users\Tom>) I can explore the drive using explorer.exe just fine, and it is connected according to VMWare Workstation. What am I doing wrong?

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• How much space do NTFS hardlinks/symlinks occupy?

  - by Felix Dombek

  Well, I guess it must be something proportional to the original filename plus the new filename for symlinks, and only the new filename for hardlinks, but how does this affect the disk space exactly? I just made a folder with about a hundred thousand symbolic links in it, and the folder still reported 0 bytes usage. I may be mistaken, but I even think the free capacity of the drive remained the same. Then I permanently deleted the folder and the sizes still stayed the same. Could I fill up a hard disk just with symlinks? Or does NTFS have limitations in that no more than x symlinks are allowed on one drive/in one folder, so the capacity of the drive cannot be reached?

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• What does the the reconstruction process of mdadm do exactly on raid10

  - by Azrael

  I've got a system with 4 disks set up as raid10. All disks are usable, and mdadm all states them with UUUU. Due to a recent system crash, the raid is currently reconstruction the raid as it was marked as "not clean," and a reconstruction process was started. On a closer look smartctl shows problems on one disk: sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled sense code sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] [descriptor] Descriptor sense data with sense descriptors (in hex): 72 03 11 04 00 00 00 0c 00 0a 80 00 00 00 00 00 24 cd 78 d4 sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error - auto reallocate failed sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 24 cd 75 1e 00 04 00 00 With a research about the reconstruction process, I only found information concerning raid5 but nothing for raid10. Can I replace this problematic disk during the reconstruction process, or will I kill the raid with this?

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• How to columnate text with tabs (in vim or on the shell)

  - by kine

  I have a frequent need to manually manipulate tab-delimited text for data entry and other purposes, and when i do this it helps if the text is aligned properly into columns. For example (assuming 4-space tabs): # original format abcdefghijklmnop field2 abcdefgh field2 abcdefghijkl field2 # ideal format abcdefghijklmnop field2 abcdefgh field2 abcdefghijkl field2 I am very familiar with using the column utility to columnate text this way, but the problem is that it uses spaces to align the columns, and i specifically need tabs. This requirement also appears to rule out the Tabularize plug-in. Is there any way that i can columnate text with tabs specifically, either within vim or at the shell? It looks like i might be able to do it with groff/tbl, but honestly i'd rather columnate it by hand than mess with that....

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• Does aria2 support write small files in batch?

  - by Jon

  I'm using aria2 to download 8 million jpg from flickr. Each image is about 100KB. I got a list of urls of these images in a txt file, the format is: http://farm2.staticflickr.com/1070/1151334893_5a8e7f77f4.jpg I'm wondering whether aria2 support writing small files in batch? Say write 100 image to disk when all of them are download in the memory, not just write every single file when the download is finished. Because I think writing in batch will better protect my hard disk. Or do you have other software or opensource code to recommend?

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• Virtual Windows Servers and Pagefile location [closed]

  - by Luke Puplett

  Considering that Windows makes heavy use of the pagefile even with huge amounts of RAM available, is it not best to have this pagefile on the fastest disk possible as close to the virtual systems as possible? I'm thinking, RAM disk. Where I work, storage for VMs is out on a NAS/SAN. I'm worried that so much memory access is having to go across the network! As a side, I think its about time MS got rid of paging and told us to buy more DIMMS. UPDATE So this question has been downvoted??! Accessing a local spindle is C40,000 times slower than a DIMM, so going over the network will be even slower for hard faults. I don't know why I got the downvote, I'm certain that this is an issue unless there's some other mechanism in ESX/HyperV that manages this.

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• System reserved

  - by arun sidharth

  I have a HP laptop. I upgraded to windows 7 ultimate from home basic. Now I'm trying to upgrade to Windows 8 but when I do I get a message saying not enough system partition. So I opened the disk manager and increased the size of system reserved partition and it was of no use I still got the same error. Then I unfortunately deleted the 100MB system reserved partition by right clicking it and clicking format in the disk manager! Now I am not able to boot any CD's from the startup including OS and recovery CD. Whenever I press esc it always goes to the login screen and it doesn't say anything about the boot from CD option. Now I could not even use my recovery CD. I have 3 questions: Is it necesseary to create a system reserved partition if so how to create it? How to use my recovery cd How to install win 8

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• can I display a JPG or PNG to the framebuffer (/dev/fb*)?

  - by ndmweb

  I know I can capture the framebuffer in linux using something like cp /dev/fb0 ~/myimage and re-display that by coping back to the device like so cp ~/myimage /dev/fb0. What format is the framebuffer image data in? and how would I go about displaying a pre-made image (jpg, png) to the framebuffer? Can I convert to this format using imagemagick? p.s. Im using a raspberry pi running raspbian. Update 11-12-2012 I ended up using pygame to display images in my application. Not sure if this uses the frame-buffer to display the images. But it meets my needs quite well.

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• Windows 7 installer doesn't recognize NTFS partition.

  - by ifesdjeen

  Hi, I'm trying to install windows 7 on my Macbook. I've created NTFS partition, but when i'm starting up Windows 7 installation, it says that i can't install windows on this partition, since drive already contains maximum amount of partitions with this filesystem type. I haven't heard of any limits on filesystems, but still i can't even format this drive from Win7 installer. I've found access to command line from win7 installation CD, but i can't find fdisk there to format. Do you have any idea on about how to deal with it?

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• Editor that supports renaming tabs for untitled docs?

  - by OverTheRainbow

  I sometimes need to copy/paste text into two windows and compare the contents for a quick hack, ie. without having to save both documents to disk, and display the two docs side-by-side vertically so I can scroll them independantly (WinMerge doesn't seem to support independent scrolling.) Since the documents only live in RAM, text editors will display a non-descript tab/filename like "Untitled1" or "New file 1": http://img171.imageshack.us/img171/1153/sidebysideunleddocs.jpg Does someone know of a Windows editor that supports... renaming tabs with more descriptive names even with documents that haven't been saved to disk, side-by-side, vertical tiling, and independant scrolling? Thank you.

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• Booting ubuntu from usb hdd: GRUB menu not shown

  - by emanemos

  Hello, could anyone help me to boot ubuntu-9.04 from usb hard disk? This disk contains /boot primary partition. During ubuntu installation I used "Advanced" button and asked to install GRUB to the /boot partition. Later I checked whether GRUB files are really present in this partition. They are. However, I get stuck while trying to boot. The boot menu ("ubuntu generic version", "ubuntu recovery mode", etc...) is not shown. Instead I am thrown to GRUB minimal bash-like version. I feel at a loss and have no idea why I am pointed to this minimal version. Can anybody prompt me what to do?

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• Issue about mapping MAC address to Ipv6 address

  - by deepsky

  I know that the address in ipv6 with prefix range 001 to 111 should use a 64-bit interface identifier that follows the EUI-64 format, which translates the MAC to ipv6 as below. MAC:00-02-b3-1e-83-29 --> 02-02-b3-ff-fe-1e-83-29 --->ipv6 addr: fe80::202:b3ff:fe1e:8329 Then I checked my network status with ipconfig /all on my windows XP, but it seems my ipv6 address doesn't follow the above rule: MAC:00-24-81-XX-XX-XX ipv6 addr:2001:da8:8006:225:0:24:81XX:XXXX Obviously it doesn't follow the EUI-64 format. Instead it just directly use the MAC as the last 8 bytes. Anyone know the reason? Pls Correct me if I am wrong.

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