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• Pattern for Accessing MySQL connection

  - by Dipan Mehta

  We have an application which is C++ trying to access MySQL database. There are several (about 5 or so) threads in the application (with Boost library for threading) and in each thread has a few objects, each of which is trying to access Database for its' own purpose. It has a simple ORM kind of model but that really is not an important factor here. There are three potential access patterns i can think of: There could be single connection object per application or thread and is shared between all (or group). The object needs to be thread safe and there will be contentions but MySQL will not be fired with too many connections. Every object could initiate connection on its own. The database needs to take care of concurrency (which i think MySQL can) and the design could be much simpler. There could be two possibilities here. a. either object keeps a persistent connection for its life OR b. object initiate connection as and when needed. To simplify the contention as in case of 1 and not to create too many sockets as in case of 2, we can have group/set based connections. So there could be there could be more than one connection (say N), each of this connection could be shared connection across M objects. Naturally, each of the pattern has different resource cost and would work under different constraints and objectives. What criteria should i use to choose the pattern of this for my own application? What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of each of these pattern over the other? Are there any other pattern which is better? PS: I have been through these questions: mysql, one connection vs multiple and MySQL with mutiple threads and processes But they don't quite answer exactly what i am trying to ask.

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• The problems with Avoiding Smurf Naming classes with namespaces

  - by Daniel Koverman

  I pulled the term smurf naming from here (number 21). To save anyone not familiar the trouble, Smurf naming is the act of prefixing a bunch of related classes, variables, etc with a common prefix so you end up with "a SmurfAccountView passes a SmurfAccountDTO to the SmurfAccountController", etc. The solution I've generally heard to this is to make a smurf namespace and drop the smurf prefixes. This has generally served me well, but I'm running into two problems. I'm working with a library with a Configuration class. It could have been called WartmongerConfiguration but it's in the Wartmonger namespace, so it's just called Configuration. I likewise have a Configuration class which could be called SmurfConfiguration, but it is in the Smurf namespace so that would be redundant. There are places in my code where Smurf.Configuration appears alongside Wartmonger.Configuration and typing out fully qualified names is clunky and makes the code less readable. It would be nicer to deal with a SmurfConfiguration and (if it was my code and not a library) WartmongerConfiguration. I have a class called Service in my Smurf namespace which could have been called SmurfService. Service is a facade on top of a complex Smurf library which runs Smurf jobs. SmurfService seems like a better name because Service without the Smurf prefix is so incredibly generic. I can accept that SmurfService was already a generic, useless name and taking away smurf merely made this more apparent. But it could have been named Runner, Launcher, etc and it would still "feel better" to me as SmurfLauncher because I don't know what a Launcher does, but I know what a SmurfLauncher does. You could argue that what a Smurf.Launcher does should be just as apparent as a Smurf.SmurfLauncher, but I could see `Smurf.Launcher being some kind of class related to setup rather than a class that launches smurfs. If there is an open and shut way to deal with either of these that would be great. If not, what are some common practices to mitigate their annoyance?

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• Career Advice: finding challenging work in software and web development

  - by dianovich

  Having left my physics degree early, I started out in the realm of web design / front end web development and was able to get work quite quickly. I moved on to spend a chunk of my time on servers and gained experience with frameworks like Wordpress and Drupal, then the likes of Codeigniter and CakePHP and became comfortable in Debian-based and RHEL/CentOS environments. I ventured in to iOS development and published a couple of native apps to the app store too! I have started to spend a good deal of my time writing Python and have invested a little time in Django. The problem is, I still spend a fair chunk of my time doing more front end web development (writing markup and CSS for site themes, design-lead JavaScript, small applications for which application architecture and software engineering are relatively unimportant or too time consuming to invest in) in my job. What I want to do is really exercise the systematic/logical portion of my brain and tackle challenging problems on a daily basis. I want to have to care about big-oh running times, modularity in software, DRY, performance tuning and development methodologies. I want to work for a firm whose clients say: "Yes, these things are important to us and we'll pay you to get them right." But it is difficult: I have no formal training and am potentially becoming a jack of all trades. Not that being a jack of many trades is necessarily a bad thing, but the scope of work I find myself involved in is far too broad. And, there are only so many hours in a day outside of work! My question is: where do I go from here? I am starting to work on a few open source projects and have started to publish content to my blog. But this isn't likely to make it past the recruitment consultants and HR departments of many-a-firm. And I do not, for example, work in a team that practices agile methodologies, so how do I get work in such a team to gain experience? While I have been responsible for implementing version control and some solid working practices into our current environment, there is only so far I can go in this context. What would convince you that i'm worth taking a risk? What would convince you that i'll have caught up the other guys in your employ in next to no time?

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• How can I best study a problem to determine whether recursion can/should be used?

  - by user10326

  In some cases, I fail to see that a problem could be solved by the divide and conquer method. To give a specific example, when studying the find max sub-array problem, my first approach is to brute force it by using a double loop to find the max subarray. When I saw the solution using the divide and conquer approach which is recursion-based, I understood it but ok. From my side, though, when I first read the problem statement, I did not think that recursion is applicable. When studying a problem, is there any technique or trick to see that a recursion based (i.e. divide and conquer) approach can be used or not?

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• When to write an explicit return statement in Groovy?

  - by Roland Schneider

  At the moment I am working on a Groovy/Grails project (which I'm quite new in) and I wonder whether it is good practice to omit the return keyword in Groovy methods. As far as I know you have to explicitly insert the keyword i.e. for guard clauses, so should one use it also everywhere else? In my opinion the additional return keyword increases readability. Or is it something you just have to get used to? What is your experience with that topic? Some examples: def foo(boolean bar) { // Not consistent if (bar) { return positiveBar() } negativeBar() } def foo2() { // Special Grails example def entitiy = new Entity(foo: 'Foo', bar: 'Bar') entity.save flush: true // Looks strange to me this way entity }

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• Can WinRT really be used at just the boundaries?

  - by Bret Kuhns

  Microsoft (chiefly, Herb Sutter) recommends when using WinRT with C++/CX to keep WinRT at the boundaries of the application and keep the core of the application written in standard ISO C++. I've been writing an application which I would like to leave portable, so my core functionality was written in standard C++, and I am now attempting to write a Metro-style front end for it using C++/CX. I've had a bit of a problem with this approach, however. For example, if I want to push a vector of user-defined C++ types to a XAML ListView control, I have to wrap my user-defined type in a WinRT ref/value type for it to be stored in a Vector^. With this approach, I'm inevitably left with wrapping a large portion of my C++ classes with WinRT classes. This is the first time I've tried to write a portable native application in C++. Is it really practical to keep WinRT along the boundaries like this? How else could this type of portable core with a platform-specific boundary be handled?

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• How is the RIP loaded when an interrupt arrives in an IA-32e 64-bit IDT Gate Descriptor?

  - by Vern

  I need some help with the programming of an IA-32e Interrupt Descriptor as I'm pretty new to it. I don't think I quite understand how the RIP is loaded when an Interrupt arrives. There is a Segment Selector in Intel's 64-bit IDT Gate Descriptor. However, from my understanding across the 5 part Intel manuals, the Linear Address of the Interrupt Handler is loaded into RIP from the 64-bit offset specified in the IDT Gate Descriptor. The only use of the segment selector is to check: if there is a change in privilege levels the Interrupt Handler is truly pointing to a code segment My questions are: Is RIP taken from the 64-bit offset only? Or is RIP = offset(sign extended to 64-bits) + segment selector base? Is the base address pointed to by the segment selector in the IDT Gate Descriptor ignored? Or does it have a use?

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• Is browser fingerprinting a viable technique for identifying anonymous users?

  - by SMrF

  Is browser fingerprinting a sufficient method for uniquely identifying anonymous users? What if you incorporate biometric data like mouse gestures or typing patterns? The other day I ran into the Panopticlick experiment EFF is running on browser fingerprints. Of course I immediately thought of the privacy repercussions and how it could be used for evil. But on the other hand, this could be used for great good and, at the very least, it's a tempting problem to work on. While researching the topic I found a few companies using browser fingerprinting to attack fraud. And after sending out a few emails I can confirm at least one major dating site is using browser fingerprinting as but one mechanism to detect fake accounts. (Note: They have found it's not unique enough to act as an identity when scaling up to millions of users. But, my programmer brain doesn't want to believe them). Here is one company using browser fingerprints for fraud detection and prevention: http://www.bluecava.com/ Here is a pretty comprehensive list of stuff you can use as unique identifiers in a browser: http://browserspy.dk/

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• How should I make searching a relational database more efficient?

  - by Travis J

  This is in the scope of a web application. I have a database which has a few nested relations. There is a feature which depicts the history of a large chain of relations. It is essentially a data analysis feature. The issue is that in order to search, a large object graph must be loaded - the loading time for this object graph is not quick enough to be viable. The problem is that without loading the whole graph it makes searching from a single string nearly impossible. In order to search, explicit fields must be specified and the search data supplied. Is there a design pattern for exposing the data in a way which facilitates a single string search instead of having to explicitly define parameters?

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• Does command/query separation apply to a method that creates an object and returns its ID?

  - by Gilles

  Let's pretend we have a service that calls a business process. This process will call on the data layer to create an object of type A in the database. Afterwards we need to call again on another class of the data layer to create an instance of type B in the database. We need to pass some information about A for a foreign key. In the first method we create an object (modify state) and return it's ID (query) in a single method. In the second method we have two methods, one (createA) for the save and the other (getId) for the query. public void FirstMethod(Info info) { var id = firstRepository.createA(info); secondRepository.createB(id); } public void SecondMethod(Info info) { firstRepository.createA(info); var key = firstRepository.getID(info); secondRepository.createB(key); } From my understanding the second method follows command query separation more fully. But I find it wasteful and counter-intuitive to query the database to get the object we have just created. How do you reconcile CQS with such a scenario? Does only the second method follow CQS and if so is it preferable to use it in this case?

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• Qt question: hard-coded shortcuts

  - by miLo

  I have asked this question on several places but I still can't figure it out. What I am trying to do is to have a QKeySequence(Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_X, Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_C) in a MainWindow with QTextEdit as a central widget. The problem is that I have a shorcut for Cut(Ctrl+X) and when I press Ctrl+X,Ctrl+C it doesn't work. When the focus is on diffrent widget the shorcut works perfectly. I tried with overriding the QWidget::keyPressEvent and QWidget::event but it is the same. I have one more question: if I have these two shorcuts Ctrl+X and Ctrl+XCtrl+C why I don't receive the signal activatedAmbigiously() when I press Ctrl+X? According to the Qt documentation When a key sequence is being typed at the keyboard, it is said to be ambiguous as long as it matches the start of more than one shortcut.

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• Is it better to load up a class with methods or extend member functionality in a local subclass?

  - by Calvin Fisher

  Which is better? Class #1: public class SearchClass { public SearchClass (string ProgramName) { /* Searches LocalFile objects, handles exceptions, and puts results into m_Results. */ } DateTime TimeExecuted; bool OperationSuccessful; protected List<LocalFile> m_Results; public ReadOnlyCollection<LocalFile> Results { get { return new ReadOnlyCollection<LocalFile>(m_Results); } } #region Results Filters public DateTime OldestFileModified { get { /* Does what it says. */ } } public ReadOnlyCollection<LocalFile> ResultsWithoutProcessFiles() { return new ReadOnlyCollection<LocalFile> ((from x in m_Results where x.FileTypeID != FileTypeIDs.ProcessFile select x).ToList()); } #endregion } Or class #2: public class SearchClass { public SearchClass (string ProgramName) { /* Searches LocalFile objects, handles exceptions, and puts results into m_Results. */ } DateTime TimeExecuted; bool OperationSuccessful; protected List<LocalFile> m_Results; public ReadOnlyCollection<LocalFile> Results { get { return new ReadOnlyCollection<LocalFile>(m_Results); } } public class SearchResults : ReadOnlyCollection<LocalFile> { public SearchResults(IList<LocalFile> iList) : base(iList) { } #region Results Filters public DateTime OldestFileModified { get { /* Does what it says. */ } } public ReadOnlyCollection<LocalFile> ResultsWithoutProcessFiles() { return new ReadOnlyCollection<LocalFile> ((from x in this where x.FileTypeID != FileTypeIDs.ProcessFile select x).ToList()); } #endregion } } ...with the implication that OperationSuccessful is accompanied by a number of more interesting properties on how the operation went, and OldestFileModified and ResultsWithoutProcessFiles() also have several more siblings in the Results Filters section.

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• What is the best policy for allowing clients to change email?

  - by Steve Konves

  We are developing a web application with a fairly standard registration process which requires a client/user to verify their email address before they are allowed to use the site. The site also allows users to change their email address after verification (with a re-type email field, as well). What are the pros and cons of having the user re-verify their email. Is this even needed? EDIT: Summary of answers and comments below: "Over-verification annoys people, so don't use it unless critical Use a "re-type email" field to prevent typos Beware of overwriting known good data with potentially good data Send email to old for notification; to new for verification Don't assume that the user still has access to the old email Identify impact of incorrect email if account is compromised

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• Staying OO and Testable while working with a database

  - by Adam Backstrom

  What are some OOP strategies for working with a database but keeping thing testable? Say I have a User class and my production environment works against MySQL. I see a couple possible approaches, shown here using PHP: Pass in a $data_source with interfaces for load() and save(), to abstract the backend source of data. When testing, pass a different data store. $user = new User( $mysql_data_source ); $user-load( 'bob' ); $user-setNickname( 'Robby' ); $user-save(); Use a factory that accesses the database and passes the result row to User's constructor. When testing, manually generate the $row parameter, or mock the object in UserFactory::$data_source. (How might I save changes to the record?) class UserFactory { static $data_source; public static function fetch( $username ) { $row = self::$data_source->get( [params] ); $user = new User( $row ); return $user; } } I have Design Patterns and Clean Code here next to me, but I'm struggling to find applicable concepts.

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• How often to authenticate iOS app in web service

  - by jeraldov

  I am trying to build an iOS app that connects to a PHP+MySQL web service. My question is how often should I check for user's authentication to get data from the web service. My app requires a login at start up, but I am wondering if how often should I check if he can still validly get data from the web service. Should I check for his username and password each time the user views a table view that get its data from the web service?

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• How to manage an issue tracker's backlog

  - by Josh Kelley

  We've been dutifully using Trac for several years now, and our "active tickets" list has grown to almost 200 items. These include bugs that are too low priority and too complicated to fix for now, feature requests that have been deferred, issues that have never really generated complaints but everyone agrees ought to be fixed someday, planned code refactorings and other design infelicities that we don't want to lose track of, etc. As a result, with almost 200 of these issues, the list is almost overwhelming; it's no longer useful as a source of what needs to be worked on right now. What's the best way to keep track of issues of this sort? Part of the problem is that some of these issues are such a low priority that they may never get done. I hate to lose track of these items (similar to not wanting to throw something out of my house in case I might need it someday); do I need to throw them out regardless (by marking them as wontfix) and assume I can find them in the future if I ever do need them?

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• PHP questions and answers

  - by Daniel James Clarke

  Hi guys I'm a web designer and front end developer, however our only back end developer has quit and left the company. The head of development(who is a desktop developer) has asked me to find a set of Questions and Answers that are of OOP level for a LAMP developer so we can see if new candidates for the job are up to scratch. As a designer I'm out of my depth and he's unfamiliar with LAMP development. Dan

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• Code maintenance: keeping a bad pattern when extending new code for being consistent or not ?

  - by Guillaume

  I have to extend an existing module of a project. I don't like the way it has been done (lots of anti-pattern involved, like copy/pasted code). I don't want to perform a complete refactor. Should I: create new methods using existing convention, even if I feel it wrong, to avoid confusion for the next maintainer and being consistent with the code base? or try to use what I feel better even if it is introducing another pattern in the code ? Precison edited after first answers: The existing code is not a mess. It is easy to follow and understand. BUT it is introducing lots of boilerplate code that can be avoided with good design (resulting code might become harder to follow then). In my current case it's a good old JDBC (spring template inboard) DAO module, but I have already encounter this dilemma and I'm seeking for other dev feedback. I don't want to refactor because I don't have time. And even with time it will be hard to justify that a whole perfectly working module needs refactoring. Refactoring cost will be heavier than its benefits. Remember: code is not messy or over-complex. I can not extract few methods there and introduce an abstract class here. It is more a flaw in the design (result of extreme 'Keep It Stupid Simple' I think) So the question can also be asked like that: You, as developer, do you prefer to maintain easy stupid boring code OR to have some helpers that will do the stupid boring code at your place ? Downside of the last possibility being that you'll have to learn some stuff and maybe you will have to maintain the easy stupid boring code too until a full refactoring is done)

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• LaTeX-like display programming environment

  - by Gage

  I used to be a hobbyist programmer, but now I'm also a fairly experienced physicist and find myself programming to solve certain problems quite a lot. In physics, we use variables with superscripts, subscripts, italics, underlines, etc etc. To bridge this gap to the computer we usually use LaTeX. Now, I generally use MATLAB for handling any data and such, and find it very irritating that I can't basically use LaTeX for variable names. Something as simple as sy has to be named either sigma_y or some descriptive name like peak_height_error. I don't necessarily want full on workable LaTeX in my code, but I do want to be able to use greek letters and super/sub-scripts at the very least. Does this exist?

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• Describe business logic with diagrams

  - by Nikos M.

  I am currently developing a web application for my thesis.I was asked by my professor to make diagrams to describe the business logic. Since I don't have a prior experience, I am pretty confused with all the terminology. I managed to clarify,I think, what business rules and business logic are, but I can't find out how you describe the business logic. Is it something particular or is it something more general? Do I need to learn UML? Does the fact that I use MVC affects the way I'll describe it?

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• ASP.NET MVC WebService - Security for Industrial Android Clients

  - by Chris Nevill

  I'm trying to design a system that will allow a bunch of Android devices to securely log into an ASP.NET MVC REST Web service. At present neither side are implemented. However there is an ASP.NET MVC website which the web service will site along side. This is currently using forms authentication. The idea will be that the Android devices will download data from the web service and then be able to work offline storing data in their own local databases, where users will be able to make updates to that data, and then syncing updates back to the main server where possible. The web service will be using HTTPS to prevent calls being intercepted and reduce the risk of calls being intercepted. The system is an industrial system and will not be in used by the general Android population. Instead only authorized Android devices will be authorized by the Web Service to make calls. As such I was thinking of using the Android devices serial number as a username and then a generated long password which the device will be able to pick up - once the device has been authorized server side. The device will also have user logins - but these will not be to log into the web service - just the device itself - since the device and user must be able to work offline. So usernames and passwords will be downloaded and stored on the devices themselves. My question is... what form of security is best setup on the web service? Should it use forms Authentication? Should the username and password just be passed in with each GET/POST call or should it start a session as I have with the website? The Android side causes more confusion. There seems to be a number of options here Spring-Android, Volley, Retrofit, LoopJ, Robo Spice which seems to use the aforementioned Spring, Retrofit or Google HttpClient. I'm struggling to find a simple example which authenticates with a forms based authentication system. Is this because I'm going about this wrong? Is there another option that would better suite this?

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• Is NAN suitable for communicating that an invalid parameter was involved in a calculation?

  - by Arman

  I am currently working on a numerical processing system that will be deployed in a performance-critical environment. It takes inputs in the form of numerical arrays (these use the eigen library, but for the purpose of this question that's perhaps immaterial), and performs some range of numerical computations (matrix products, concatenations, etc.) to produce outputs. All arrays are allocated statically and their sizes are known at compile time. However, some of the inputs may be invalid. In these exceptional cases, we still want the code to be computed and we still want outputs not "polluted" by invalid values to be used. To give an example, let's take the following trivial example (this is pseudo-code): Matrix a = {1, 2, NAN, 4}; // this is the "input" matrix Scalar b = 2; Matrix output = b * a; // this results in {2, 4, NAN, 8} The idea here is that 2, 4 and 8 are usable values, but the NAN should signal to the receipient of the data that that entry was involved in an operation that involved an invalid value, and should be discarded (this will be detected via a std::isfinite(value) check before the value is used). Is this a sound way of communicating and propagating unusable values, given that performance is critical and heap allocation is not an option (and neither are other resource-consuming constructs such as boost::optional or pointers)? Are there better ways of doing this? At this point I'm quite happy with the current setup but I was hoping to get some fresh ideas or productive criticism of the current implementation.

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• Is it just me or is this a baffling tech interview question

  - by Matthew Patrick Cashatt

  Background I was just asked in a tech interview to write an algorithm to traverse an "object" (notice the quotes) where A is equal to B and B is equal to C and A is equal to C. That's it. That is all the information I was given. I asked the interviewer what the goal was but apparently there wasn't one, just "traverse" the "object". I don't know about anyone else, but this seems like a silly question to me. I asked again, "am I searching for a value?". Nope. Just "traverse" it. Why would I ever want to endlessly loop through this "object"?? To melt my processor maybe?? The answer according to the interviewer was that I should have written a recursive function. OK, so why not simply ask me to write a recursive function? And who would write a recursive function that never ends? My question: Is this a valid question to the rest of you and, if so, can you provide a hint as to what I might be missing? Perhaps I am thinking too hard about solving real world problems. I have been successfully coding for a long time but this tech interview process makes me feel like I don't know anything. Final Answer: CLOWN TRAVERSAL!!! (See @Matt's answer below) Thanks! Matt

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• How are minimum system requirements determined?

  - by Michael McGowan

  We've all seen countless examples of software that ships with "minimum system requirements" like the following: Windows XP/Vista/7 1GB RAM 200 MB Storage How are these generally determined? Obviously sometimes there are specific constraints (if the program takes 200 MB on disk then that is a hard requirement). Aside from those situations, many times for things like RAM or processor it turns out that more/faster is better with no hard constraint. How are these determined? Do developers just make up numbers that seem reasonable? Does QA go through some rigorous process testing various requirements until they find the lowest settings with acceptable performance? My instinct says it should be the latter but is often the former in practice.

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• android third party libraries

  - by Terrance

  Its hard to believe that there aren't a ton of awesome third party (possibly open source) libraries out on the web for android using java but, I cant say I have found a great many so far but, droid seems like the only notable one I've come across. Any other majorly useful android libraries out there? Sorry in advanced if there is a dupe out there somewhere (seems like there should be) but if there is by all means post it and let me know.

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