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• VLAN ACLs and when to go Layer 3

  - by wuckachucka

  I want to: a) segment several departments into VLANs with the hopes of restricting access between them completely (Sales never needs to talk to Support's workstations or printers and vice-versa) or b) certain IP addresses and TCP/UDP ports across VLANS -- i.e. permitting the Sales VLAN to access the CRM Web Server in the Server VLAN on port 443 only. Port-wise, I'll need a 48-port switch and another 24-port switch to go with the two existing 24-port Layer 2 switches (Linksys); I'm looking at going with D-Links or HP Procurves as Cisco is out of our price range. Question #1: From what I understand (and please correct me if I'm wrong), if the Servers (VLAN10) and Sales (VLAN20) are all on the same 48-port switch (or two stacked 24-port switches), afaik, the switch "knows" what VLANs and ports each device belongs to and will switch packets between them; I can also apply ACLs to restrict access between VLANs at this point. Is this correct? Question #2: Now lets say that Support (VLAN30) is on a different switch (one of the Linksys) switches. I'm assuming I'll need to trunk (tag) switch #2's VLANs across to switch #1, so switch #1 sees switch #2's VLAN30 (and vice-versa). Once Switch #1 can "see" VLAN30, I'm assuming I can then apply ACLs as stated in Question #1. Is this correct? Question #3: Once Switch #1 can see all the VLANs, can I achieve the seemingly "Layer 3" ACL filtering of restricting access to Server VLAN on only certain TCP/UDP ports and IP addresses (say, only permitting 3389 to the Terminal Server, 192.168.10.4/32). I say "seemingly" because some of the Layer 2 switches mention the ability to restrict ports and IP addresses through the ACLs; I (perhaps mistakenly) thought that in order to have Layer 3 ACLs (packet filtering), I'd need to have at least one Layer 3 switch acting as a core router. If my assumptions are incorrect, at which point do you need a Layer 3 switch for inter-VLAN routing vs. inter-VLAN switching? Is it generally only when you need that higher-level packet filtering ability between your departments?

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• Two DHCP interfaces asigned to two default gateways to OS

  - by user140600

  I have a Ubuntu box that has two networking interfaces (eth0 and wlan0). They are both configured for DHCP in /etc/network/interfaces, but they both assign a default gateway: /etc/network/interfaces auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp auto wlan0 iface wlan0 inet dhcp wireless-essid test Result of route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 172.16.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 wlan0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth0 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 wlan0 How can I set up /etc/network/interfaces to have only one default gateway, on the interface I want? Worst case scenario, how can I at least control which one gets on top on the route -n command, each boot? Note: This box will travel a lot, and will be connected to different networks, so I don´t know in advance the IP addresses/ranges it will have. Sometimes the default gw interface will be eth0. Sometimes it will be wlan0 ... So, this needs to be kind of automatic ...

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• Ubuntu 12.04 open port 80 inside WLAN

  - by Eduard

  I have an nginx server running on ubuntu 12.04 that serves http through port 80 and https through port 443. Everything works fine if I access it from the same computer via localhost, 127.0.0.1 or the local IP 192.168.0.11. If I try to access the server from another computer in the same VLAN it does not work for http; it works for https. I have changed my nginx configuration to also listen to port 8000 for http; I can then access http from the other computer in the same VLAN via "http://192.168.0.11:8000". I also have a web server running on port 80 on a windows machine and can access it from another device in the same VLAN, therefore the router is not blocking incoming http traffic. The nginx process is run by root. I have used tcpdump and I see that packets are arriving to Ubuntu: 192.168.0.16.49735 192.168.0.11.80 and that some response is being given 192.168.0.11.80 192.168.0.16.49735 (I do not know what the response is though). There is no request arriving at the nginx web server (I have checked the access log). I have iptables empty. I have unsuccessfully tried to find a solution for a long time to this, it has now become a matter of happiness or bitterness :).

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• OpenVZ with bridged interfaces and VLAN

  - by Deimosfr

  Hi, I've got a problem with OpenVZ with bridged VLAN. Here is my configuration: +------+ +-------+ +-----------+ +---------+ br0 |VE101 | | | | OpenBSD |----->| Debian |------->| | | WAN |--->| Router | | OpenVZ | +------+ | | | Firewall |----->| br0 br1 | br1 +------+ +-------+ +-----------+ +---------+------->|VE102 | |br0 | | |VLAN br0.110 +------+ v +---------+ |VE103.110| +---------+ I can't make VLAN work on br0 (br0.110) and I would like to understand why. I don't have any switch so no problem with unmanageable switch. I've configured a VLAN interface on OpenBSD in /etc/hostname.vlan110: inet 192.168.110.254 255.255.255.0 NONE vlan 110 vlandev sis1 And it seems to be working fine. I've also adapted my PF configuration to work with VLAN but I don't see any incoming traffic. On my Debian Lenny, here is my interfaces configuration : # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback # br0 auto br0 iface br0 inet static address 192.168.100.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.100.254 network 192.168.100.0 broadcast 192.168.100.255 bridge_ports eth0 bridge_fd 9 bridge_hello 2 bridge_maxage 12 bridge_stp off # VLAN 110 auto br0.110 iface br0.110 inet static address 192.168.110.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 network 192.168.110.0 gateway 192.168.110.254 broadcast 192.168.110.255 pre-up vconfig add br0 110 post-down vconfig rem br0.110 It looks OK, but when I start my VE, here is the message: ... Configure veth devices: veth103.0 Adding interface veth103.0 to bridge br0.110 on CT0 for VE103 can't add veth103.0 to bridge br0.110: Operation not supported VE start in progress... So I've got one error here. I've followed this documentation http://wiki.openvz.org/VLAN but it doesn't work. I've certainly missed something but I don't know why. Someone could help me please? Thanks

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• Unable to connect to FTP - Connection timeout after MLSD

  - by Afrosimon

  So here is my problem, I'm absolutely unable to connect to a FTP server, in circumstances I've never seen before. Here is the situation : I get a "Connection timed out" just after the MLSD command. I usually use Filezilla, under Ubuntu, but to make sure the problem isn't related to this particular client I tried a few others : gftp on ubuntu and winscp and freeftp on windows 7. All the same result. Also made sure to try with Active or Passive modes. Same result. At this point I would be inclined to think there is something wrong with my current network (furthermore, according to a coworker the FTP server is OK). But I did check with http://ftptest.net/ and I am able to get the directory listing (which I'm not able to through a FTP client). So in the end the last thing I didn't tried is to go on another network, solution which seems would work, but wouldn't be very practical in the long run. And thus I guess there's something wrong with my router... but what could it possibly be? Note : I did try to register and post this question on filezilla's board first... but I can't create an account with a gmail nor hotmail account. WTF?

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• Virtualizing an Inline network appliance with VirtualBox (or VMWare)

  - by Tzury Bar Yochay

  My device, which is a Linux based IP in-liner is transparent to the network peripherals, that is, no IP address assigned to any of its interfaces. For the sake of the conversation, let's use ADSL connection as an example, while the device is inspecting the bi-directional traffic, the network is behaving same as if device was not there, attached to the wire (see Physical setup at the attached diagram). I wonder if I can enclosed that "device" within a Windows machine and have it operated virtually so it still seats inline between the ADSL router and the Windows netwroking interface by using virtual NICs, (or whatever their name is in windows), and inspecting the traffic, same as if it was on a separate physical device, the drawing under "Virtual Setup" in the attached diagram show what I am trying to achieve. Reading a bit on the VirtualBox docs, seems like binding the right side is relatively simple, perhaps I should have one network adapter set as Bridge Networking and VirtualBox will connect it to the physical NIC on the host machine, and network packets are exchanged directly, circumventing the host operating system's network stack (WinXP in my case). However, I have no idea how to achieve the left side of my diagram, which requires adding virtual NICs to windows and configure them correctly in a way to make that pipeline possible. I would appreciate any help. by the way, if that is not possible with VirtualBox but with other virtualization solution (e.g. VMWare), I would accept the other as well.

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• High latency due to non-presence of a transit provider in my country

  - by nixnotwin

  My ISP, a state owned incumbent, buys bandwidth from different transit providers. Whenever it buys transits it announces only a specific prefix (in most cases a hitherto unused) through the new transit AS. For e.g. if it runs out of bandwidth, it buys bandwidth from a new transit and announces a new prefix through it, while the same prefix is not announced (or announced with lowest metrics, so that the routes are very rarely used) via the old transits which continue to provide bandwidth to it. I am a business customer, so I have a fiber based link to the ISP and a tiny subnet is given to me. The subnet which is provide to me is part of a prefix which is announced by the AS of a transit who, it seems, do not have a presence in my country. So when I do a trace the packets, when they leave my ISP's AS, they take about 275ms to reach the transit providers core router, which is located in USA (half the world away). Also for upstream traffic my ISP uses a transit provider (tier 1) who has a presence in my country. But the return path is always through the transit which is in USA. So, average latency is 400ms. All the users of other ISPs in my country discover my subnet via USA. Even the traffic from neighboring countries, from Europe (which is much nearer) follows the path via USA. Sites using CDNs also resolve to ips in USA. I have informed the ISP NOC about the issue and I have asked them to provide an ip subnet belonging to a prefix announced by a local transit (preferably a tier 1 transit provider) and I am waiting for a reply. My question: Is it a serious issue that I must follow up to get it resolved? When I compared the latency on other providers in my country, it is, in most cases, less than half of my ISPs latency. Why my ISP doesn't announce all its prefixes to all of its transit providers, so that the packets can take efficient and nearest routes to reach prefixes that originate within its network?

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• ubuntu 9.04 pptp broken after a power failure

  - by kevin42

  I have a small Ubuntu 9.04 router setup as a NAT box and a PPTP server. After a power failure everything except the PPTP server still works. A windows client gets to "registering your computer on the network" but then says Error 742: The remote computer does not support the required data encryption type. I did some research and I think the problem is with the ppp_mppe module. When I try to run 'modprobe ppp_mppe' it hangs indefinitely. What would cause this hang? Any ideas how I can troubleshoot this further? Thanks for the help! UPDATE: I am still having the problem, however I have found some more information. When the first user tries to connect to pptp, the process list shows modprobe sha1 running, and one instance of modprobe ppp_mppe for each connection attempt. If I killall modprobe at this point the next connection attempt works, and everything is fine until the next reboot. I'm planning to do a clean install at some point in the future but I'd really like to get to the real cause of this.

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• What was your biggest waste of money, and what should you have bought instead? [closed]

  - by rob

  I waste a lot of money on computer equipment and other electronics that I don't really need. I've also bought software that I've never really used, or which as been replaced by better free software. As I'm buying things, it doesn't seem like much--fifty bucks here, a hundred dollars there. But when I go back and look at how much I've spent over my past few electronics purchases, I usually start to think of the other things I could have bought with that money instead. Most of the computer hardware and electronics don't usually improve my life by much, if at all. Case in point: back when I was in college, I prided myself on getting the best deals for computer hardware, but when I went back and added up all the money I had spent, I had probably wasted close to a thousand dollars on "cheap" $100 hard drives that eventually all went bad (including the warranty replacements). Even if they did still work, it would not be worth the effort to use them, because they're too small and too noisy by today's standards. I've also spent thousands more on other junk, such as RAM and CPU upgrades that only gave modest performance jumps, and wireless audio transmitters that I used for a short time to stream music from the now-defunct Yahoo! Music service. Every time I see a really great deal on RAM or video cards, I come one click away from buying them, but these days I'm usually able to resist. I've been wanting to get into woodworking ever since I moved into my house, and five years later I'm finally saving up for a $600 table saw. Sure, I've already got a toolbox and a couple of the essential power tools like a drill and a jigsaw, but I can't help but think that I'd have an entire shop full of woodworking tools and a lot of nice wood furniture if I hadn't wasted all that money back in college. What has been your biggest waste of money on computer stuff and technology? If you had all that money back, would you make the same mistake again and buy the same types of things, or would you spend it on something else?

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• Netflix streaming stops loading at 98% on Revo 3700

  - by Martin Harris

  I'm trying to stream Netflix on an Acer Revo 3700 running Windows 7 Home Premium, but it hangs on the loading screen at 98% (after it has formatted the player to the right aspect ratio and added the controls, but before the video starts) with no error messages or failures. I have two other machines on the same network, one running Windows 7 Home Premium and another running XP, which both stream faultlessly. Things I have tried: Both a wired and wireless connection to the router Upgrading the video and audio drivers IE, Chrome and Firefox Boxee software Connecting with a VGA cable instead of HDMI (in case it is a HDCP thing) Uninstalling and reinstalling Silverlight. Getting someway into loading a HD movie and turning "Allow HD" off Does anyone know what Netflix is doing at the 98% load mark? Are there any log files? Anything else worth trying? Full disclosure: I'm using Netflix from the UK through a US based VPN. I've tried multiple VPNs and the problem is exactly the same, also the other machines on the same network through the same VPN work fine so I don't think this is the issue, but it might be a factor. The region check happens at around 7% and I get past that.

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• why Thinkpad T410s intermittent keyboard death?

  - by patrickmdnet

  I have a Thinkpad T410s running Windows 7 64-bit. I have had it for three months. It has the latest BIOS (1.41) and trackpad drivers. In the last week I have started to notice that the keyboard intermittently stops working. Specifically, keystrokes have no effect, including Fn-F12 (shutdown) and Ctrl-Alt-Del. The LED on the capslock key does not turn on or off. Whatever state the lighted keys (e.g. mute) were in remains. The trackpad and trackpoint work properly, and I can close apps and properly shut down the machine. When I attach a USB keyboard it is recognized, but no keys work. If I run the Lenovo keyboard test, all the keys register properly and the caps lock light works again. When I quit the test app, the caps lock light stops working. If I hit Fn-F12 while the keyboard test is running, it goes into hibernation. When the machine comes back from hibernation, once I exit the keyboard test I again cannot do any input on the keyboard. I'm pretty convinced there is a software or driver problem. I never saw this the first three months I had the laptop. I do not recall installing anything recently. I am sure I've received some Windows security updates. I tried using wired networking instead of wireless - no difference. There doesn't appear to be any inciting event; it usually happens when I am working over ssh. I switched from rxvt+ssh to Putty and the problem still occurs. Any ideas?

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• Apache and Virtual Hosts Problem on OS X

  - by Charles Chadwick

  I recently formatted and installed my iMac. I am running 10.6.5. Prior to this format, I had the default Apache web server up and running with several virtual hosts, and everything ran beautifully. After formatting, I set everything back up again, and now Apache is acting funny. Here is a description of what I have going on. My default root directory for the Apache Web server is pointed to an external hard drive. In my httpd.conf, here is what I have: DocumentRoot "/Storage/Sites" Then a few lines beneath that: <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride All Order deny,allow Allow from all </Directory> And then beneath that: <Directory "/Storage/Sites"> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from All </Directory> At the end of this file, I have commented out the user dir include conf file: Include /private/etc/apache2/extra/httpd-userdir.conf And uncommented the virtual hosts conf file: Include /private/etc/apache2/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf Moving on, I have the following entry in my vhosts file: <VirtualHost *:80> DocumentRoot "/Storage/Sites/mysite" ServerName mysite.dev </VirtualHost> I also have a host record in my /etc/hosts file that points mysite.dev to 127.0.0.1 (I also tried using my router IP, 192.168.1.2). The problem I am coming across is, despite having PHP files in /Storage/Sites/mysite, the server is still looking at /Storage/Sites. I know this because in the DocumentRoot contains a php file with phpinfo() (whereas the index.php file in mysite has different code). I have tried setting up other virtual hosts, but they are still doing the same thing. Also, "NameVirtualHost *:80" is in my vhosts file. I saw as a solution on another thread here. Doesn't seem to make a difference. Any ideas on this? Let me know if this is not enough information.

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• Synchronising a remote folder with a local one.

  - by Workshop Alex

  I am using a network disk (that's connected to my router by USB) to store several data files. A simple .NET application that I've created is supposed to read and modify these data files. However, some security issues are preventing this application to access these files directly. (Actually, these have been built-in to my application on purpose since it's not going to support NAS disks.) Since this disk is shared with several computers, I just want to have a simple synchronisation method, which will copy the files to a local folder where3 my application can access them. And, once modified, it should send back the modified files to the NAS disk again. I have two options: 1) Build a second application to do my own synchronisation. 2) Find some build-in function inside Windows 7 Ultimate which can do this for me. Option 2 is preferred. Option 1 is something I can do easily, if need be. I don't need third-party tools. (Still, feel free to add some references to good tools, although I won't accept them as answers.) Basically, is this possible with Windows 7 and if so, how?

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• which vista services can be disabled with impunity?

  - by GwenKillerby

  I use Vista on a HP pavilion DV2 laptop. When I look through all the services my laptop starts, it really seems there's way too much of it. I multi boot with XP and 7. Both startup in 40 seconds. Vista takes four minutes. Is there some software that can determine which services I don't need? On 7, there's no propietary HP stuff at all, yet it seems to run fine. Because all these service, there's a LOT of them and some just sit there doing nothing, monitoring for updates I don't really need or want or need to know about the second they're available. my laptop is the only computer i use at home, there's no home network, aside from the modem-router, which is cabled, not wifi. Take for instance Parental controls, and stuff for people with bad eyesight, Tablet PC. I really never use any of that stuff. Hope this question is specific enough. I've looked at the other questions but they didn't answer me. thanks, Gwen.

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• Unable to connect to Windows VPN from iPad

  - by Justin

  I have a 16 GB iPad wifi I can't get to connect to VPN. The error I get is: "A connection could not be established to the PP server. Try reconnecting. If the problem continues, verify your settings and contact your Administrator." I have tried a variety of tasks to troubleshoot the issue: I have verified that another iPad on another network can connect to the VPN I am trying to connect to I can connect to this VPN from the same network the iPad uses on a Windows machine I have verified an iPhone user can connect to this VPN from a different network I have reset the iPad's network settings I have reset the entire iPad and restored settings I have compared my settings w/ a screenshot from the iPad that works and confirmed everything is correct I have used the IP address and domain name of our VPN server in the settings I have tried deleting the VPN settings in the iPad and recreating them I have verified in the logs of VPN server that I'm not even getting to the VPN server (no log entry) I have verified that I cannot VPN from the iPad on separate network (different ISP and router) Are there any other ways to troubleshoot VPN on an iPad?

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• HTTP request hangs for for exactly 150 seconds, then gives incomplete response. How do I find out wh

  - by Nathan

  I am hosting a Wordpress blog, and having a strange problem. When I connect to the server (http://71.65.199.125/ at the time of this writing) it displays the Title correctly, and half of a download bar, indicating it has received some of the page, then it hangs for exactly 150 seconds (timed it twice), then it sends the rest of the page, but without the stylesheet. after that it hangs indefinitely, continuing to say "connecting..." without making any progress. If you have any clues as to what might be happening, or how I could print debug logs of PHP or something to see what it is looking for during that hang time that would probably help. recent changed I have made: switched wordpress themes, however I did see it work once with the new theme. moved the server to another building, with an identical ISP, and linksys router forwarding setup. I have also added a favicon.gif file to /var/www but without linking to it from any of the wordpress pages. I have also had a unanticipated power interruption. System info: Ubuntu debian 9.04 Apache2 PHP 5 Wordpress 2.9.2 Thank you

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• How can I remotely display images on my computer?

  - by Jakob

  What I Have: A laptop booted with Ubuntu and a stationary computer dual-booted with Ubuntu and Vista, both connected through a wireless ad-hoc network. What I Want: I want a way to display images in fullscreen on my stationary, using my laptop as a "remote control". I want to be able to choose another picture at any time and have my stationary computer remain in fullscreen mode at all times. Preferably, I should also be able to display just an empty (black) screen. How can I arrange for this? What I Have Tried: I have tried simply SSH:ing into my stationary computer and opening the image files using an image viewer, but all of the ones that I have tried (Eye of Gnome, Mirage, Gwenview, and others) open a new window for every new image. I don't know how to force them into using a single instance. I have tried using the VLC remote control command line interface, but apart from seeming somewhat unreliable (exiting with segmentation faults at one point), it also displays some images with a green border and forces me to pause playback in order for the image to remain on screen. Bonus Question: In my final setup, I also need to play music through my stationary computer's speaker and have the ability to switch to another track at any point, like with the images. Preferably, I would like to control the images and the audio through the same interface. How can I best achieve this?

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• Using Different Networks with Different Proxy Servers on Windows 7

  - by John

  Hi, I have a laptop running Windows 7 Professional. There are two wireless networks I connect to every day: Home: no proxy server Work: proxy server with authentication On my iPad and iPhone, I've got two WiFi network profiles (one for home, one for work). The work one has the proxy server settings specified. The home one has no proxy specified. It all works great and I don't need to go changing settings around whenever I move from home to work or vice versa. On my laptop, however, I can't seem to get this going. I can certainly connect to both networks, but when I'm at work I have to go and change the proxy settings (in Internet Options) to be able to use the network. When I'm at home, I have to then go and turn them off. It's a small thing, but considering this is something I have to do every day, it's a bit annoying. Is there any way I can make Windows automatically switch proxy settings on or off based on the network I'm connected to? Thanks, John

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• Vlaning on WNR3500L

  - by ageis23

  When I try connecting to my wireless network it attempts to connect then gives up. There's something strange going on with the mac's. The eternet switch and all the vlan interfaces have a mac 00:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF. config 'switch' 'eth0' option 'vlan0' '2 3 4 8*' option 'vlan1' '0 8' option 'vlan2' '1 8' config 'interface' 'loopback' option 'ifname' 'lo' option 'proto' 'static' option 'ipaddr' '127.0.0.1' option 'netmask' '255.0.0.0' config 'interface' 'lan' option 'type' 'bridge' option 'ifname' 'eth0.1' option 'proto' 'static' option 'netmask' '255.255.255.0' option 'ipaddr' '192.168.2.1' option 'ip6addr' '' option 'gateway' '192.168.1.253' option 'ip6gw' '' option 'dns' '' config 'interface' 'wan' option 'ifname' 'eth0' option 'proto' 'dhcp' option 'ipaddr' '192.168.1.8' option 'ip6addr' '' option 'netmask' '255.255.255.0' option 'gateway' '192.168.1.253' option 'ip6gw' '' option 'dns' '192.168.1.253' config 'interface' 'dmz' option 'ifname' 'eth0.2' option 'proto' 'static' option 'ipaddr' '192.168.0.1' option 'netmask' '255.255.255.0' Any help on this will be greatly appreciated! When I try setting the mac using macaddr it does nothing. It works perfectly fine when I turn the authentication off. I've also discovered that when wpa2 is switched on I don't receive a association reply from ap. thats my hostapd.conf interface=eth1 driver=broadcom bridge=br-lan ssid=O2BB3 wpa=2 wpa_passphrase=prettywoman wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK rsn_pairwise=CCMP Btw that password is only temporary while am testing.

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• "Can't find root filesystem / error mounting /dev/root" when booting to new kernel

  - by salparadise

  I am trying to upgrade my kernel from 2.6.18-274 to 2.6.39 for some wireless card drivers. When I boot into the new kernel I get the "Can't find root filesystem / error mounting /dev/root" googling led me to this page http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Common_kernel_problems#Can.27t_find_root_filesystem_.2F_error_mounting_.2Fdev.2Froot From what I am reading seems to be an issue with a driver for my SATA controller or HD, but I can't find what option I need to add to the kernel. Doing a diff from the old initrd to the new one gives me the following: root-> diff /tmp/kafter /tmp/kbefore 6a7,8 > lib/dm-message.ko > lib/dm-region_hash.ko 8a11 > lib/dm-raid45.ko 13d15 < lib/dm-region-hash.ko 16a19 > lib/dm-mem-cache.ko Do I need any of those? not sure if I would need dm-raid45.ko as I am not running a raid. I have the same SATA and IDE options configured for both kernels so not sure what else to look for, any help is appreciated. Additionally here is the HW info: 00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801FB/FW (ICH6/ICH6W) SATA Controller (rev 03) (prog-if 8f [Master SecP SecO PriP PriO]) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Unknown device 3006 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 233 I/O ports at 1818 [size=8] I/O ports at 1830 [size=4] I/O ports at 1820 [size=8] I/O ports at 1834 [size=4] I/O ports at 14f0 [size=16] Capabilities: [70] Power Management version 2 root-> smartctl -a /dev/sda ... === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Device Model: WDC WD5000AADS-00S9B0

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• Regarding AD Domain controllers and remote branch offices

  - by Alex

  We have central HQ building and a lot of small branch offices connecting via VPN and want to implement AD (If you can believe we still haven't). We want everyone to log in using domain accounts and be policed centrally. We are OK with having a RODC in a branch office with like 10 computers. But we have these small branches with two to four PCs only. Some of these branches connect to HQ via IPSec site-to-site VPN, some via remote access (client-based) VPN. So there is no problem with ones that have local RODC or connecting to HQ DCs via VPN router. But how about small branches? We don't really want to set up a machine there, neither we want to invest into Windows Server licenses or fancy network equipment. Also, the problem is that we cannot access HQ DCs via VPN because we are not logged in and connected to HQ internal network yet, so DCs aren't reachable. What is typically done in that situation if it is needed to have central management over policies on those PCs? Or is it better to let 'em loose and use local policies and accounts in this situation?

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• How to configure a large mtu (linux)

  - by Somejan

  I have a gigabit ethernet connection from my laptop to my router, and a working ipv6 connection to the internet. I can receive very large packets from sites on the internet, with sizes up to at least 10000 bytes (according to wireshark). (edit: turns out to be linux's 'generic receive offload') However, when trying to send anything, my local computer fragments at just below 1500 bytes for ipv6. (On ipv4, I can send tcp packets to the internet of at least 1514 bytes, I can ping with packets up to the configured mtu of 6128 but they are blackholed.) I'm on ubuntu 12.04. I have configured an mtu for my eth0 of 6128 (the maximum it accepts), both using ip link set dev eth0 mtu 6128 and in the NetworkManager applet gui, and restarted the connection. ip link show eth0 shows the 6128 mtu is indeed set. ip -6 route shows that none of the paths the kernel knows about have an mtu set. I can ping over ipv4 with packets up to 6128 bytes (though I don't get responses), but when I do ping6 myrouter -c3 -s1500 -Mdo I get error replies from my own computer saying that the packets are too large and the mtu is 1480. I have confirmed with Wireshark that nothing is put on the wire, and the replies are indeed generated by my own computer. So, how do I get my computer to use the larger mtu?

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• Ubuntu network card problem.

  - by Steve Greene

  Hello folks, Several days ago, I installed Ubuntu 9.10 onto my Acer Aspire 3100 laptop, running it alongside Widows Vista as a dual-bootable system. Creation of the Ubuntu boot CD went fine, and the installation onto my hard drive was flawless. Ubuntu opens and behaves as I would expect, except for one little problem. For reasons unknown to me, Ubuntu is not communicating with my laptop's networking hardware, and I have no internet connectivity, it works fine under Windows Vista. Up in the right side of the Ubuntu desktop, I click on the network icon and it does not show a wireless connection at all. At home, where I use a dialup modem, I also see no means of getting online. My modem is an HDAUDIO Soft Data Fax Modem with Smart CP,manufactured by CXT (Conexant Systems Inc., file version 4.0.13.0, and the driver version is 7.58.0.0). I am an advanced computer user, but I am not a programmer. I seek a solution that is user-friendly for normal people, something equivalent to a driver that I can easily install or activate that will allow Ubuntu to see my hardware and get me connected. Can anyone help me over this hopefully-little glitch My processor is a Mobile AMD Sempron Processor 3500+ at 1.80 GHz, 1.50 GB RAM, and a 32-bit Operating System.

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• Unable to mount root fs over NFS [on hold]

  - by johnmadrak

  I am attempting to set up a Raspberry Pi running Pidora to boot from an NFS share. My configuration in cmdline.txt is: dwc_otg.lpm_enable=0 console=ttyAMA0,115200 console=tty1 root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=<serverip>:/fake/path,nfsvers=3,rw,nolock nfsrootdebug ip=dhcp elevator=deadline rootwait On the Pi, the output I see is: IP-Config: Got DHCP answer from <router>, my address is <clientip> IP-Config: Complete: device=eth0, hwaddr=<macaddress>, ipaddr=<clientip>, mask=255.255.255.0, gw=<routerip> host=<clientip>, domain=, nis-domain=(none) bootserver=<routerip>, rootserver=<serverip>, rootpath= nameserver0=<routerip> (It pauses for a bit here) VFS: Unable to mount root fs via NFS, trying floppy VFS: Cannot open root device "nfs" or unknown-block(2,0); error -6 Please append a correct "root=" boot option; here are the available partitions: ..... On the NFS Server (an OpenVZ Container), the output I see in the /var/log/messages is: Aug 22 23:24:01 vps-4178 rpc.mountd[928]: authenticated mount request from <clientip>:783 for /fake/path (/fake/path) Aug 22 23:24:38 vps-4178 rpc.mountd[928]: authenticated mount request from <clientip>:741 for /fake/path (/fake/path) Aug 22 23:25:25 vps-4178 rpc.mountd[928]: authenticated mount request from <clientip>:752 for /fake/path (/fake/path) Aug 22 23:26:12 vps-4178 rpc.mountd[928]: authenticated mount request from <clientip>:876 for /fake/path (/fake/path) To test, I've made sure I can mount (non-root) from both the Pi and another machine and it worked. Does anyone have an idea on what could be wrong or how to narrow it down? Thank you in advanced for your help.

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• How to prevent asymmetric routing with multiple eBGP routers?

  - by Andy Shinn

  I have 2 routers announcing a /22 subnet to different providers (one providers connects to each of the 2 routers). I have split the /22 in two /23 to announce one /23 on each of the routers plus the /22 (the providers will take the more specific route). This allows me to fail over and keep traffic inside the /23 in and out the same provider. What are other ways in which I could announce just the /22 with both routers and have packets from servers on the network behind the routers go back out the same router in which they came in from? EDIT: The main problem I come across, which end users and clients complain about the most, is that the least hop route is sometimes not the "optimal" route. In my case, I know that Provider B may have better latency to X nation. But when packets come in from provider B, they may go out Provider A or provider B. The reverse is also true. If I send a packet to X nation out provider A, even though it may have more hops back, the packet will likely come in from Provider B (which may have higher latency, packet loss, etc. to this nation)

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