While the NSCurrentLocaleDidChangeNotification perfectly makes sense on Mac OS X, I don't see how you can possibly receive it on iPhone OS. In order to change the locale, you have to quit the running application, then change it in Settings ? General ? International ? Region Format. At that point, your app is not running, so how could it receive the notification?
I first thought this notification was leftover from the Mac OS X documentation, but then I found this in Apple Push Notification Service Programming Guide:
  The application might send its
  provider the preferred language every
  time the user changes something in the
  current locale. To do this, you can
  listen for the notification named
  NSCurrentLocaleDidChangeNotification
  and, in your notification-handling
  method, get the code identifying the
  preferred language and send that to
  your provider.
So, how do you trigger this notification on iPhone OS?