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• How to have SSL on Amazon Elastic Load Balancer with a Gunicorn EC2 server?

  - by Riegie Godwin

  I'm a self taught back end engineer so I'm learning all of this stuff as I go along. For the longest time, I've been using basic authentication for my users. Many developers are advising against this approach since each request will contain the username & password in clear text. Anyone with the right skills can sniff on the connection between my iOS application and my Django/Gunicorn Server and obtain their password. I wouldn't want to put my user's credentials at risk so I would like to implement a more secure way of authentication. SSL seems to be the most viable option. My server doesn't serve any static content or anything crazy of that sort. All the server does is send and receive "json" responses from and to my iOS application. Here is my current topology. iOS application ------ Amazon Elastic Load Balancer ------- EC2 Instances running HTTP Gunicorn. Gunicorn runs on port 8000. I have a CNAME record from GoDaddy for the Amazon Elastic Load Balancer DNS. So instead of using the long DNS to make requests, I just use server.example.com. To interact with my servers I send and receive requests to server.example.com:8000/ This setup works and has been solid. However I need to have a more secure way. I would like to setup SSL between my iOS application and my Elastic Load Balancer. How can I go about doing this? Since I am only sending json responses to my application, do I really need to buy a certificate from a CA or can I create my own? (since browsers will not be interacting with my servers. My servers are only designed to send json responses to my iOS application).

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• Postfix + procmail - delivery fails because "can't create user output file" - on CentOS 6.2

  - by jshin47

  I verified that my postfix installation / relaying setup worked. Now I am having trouble with procmail. I have it wired to postfix with the following command: mailbox_command = /usr/bin/procmail -f -a "$USER" I have nothing in my procmail config but the following: LOGFILE=/var/procmailrc/log And I send an email to a recipient that previously worked (before I attached procmail). Now it fails with error: Apr 6 14:07:05 localhost postfix/qmgr[15194]: D0C3DFF6E1: from=<[email protected]>, size=938, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Apr 6 14:07:05 localhost postfix/local[1953]: D0C3DFF6E1: to=<[email protected]>, orig_to=<postmaster>, relay=local, delay=0.05, delays=0.02/0.01/0/0.02, dsn=5.2.0, status=bounced (can't create user output file. Command output: procmail: Couldn't create "/var/spool/mail/nobody" procmail: Couldn't read "//root" ) Apr 6 14:07:05 localhost postfix/bounce[1955]: warning: D0C3DFF6E1: undeliverable postmaster notification discarded Apr 6 14:07:05 localhost postfix/qmgr[15194]: D0C3DFF6E1: removed It seems like there is some sort of permissions issue but I do not know what the problem is, nor do I understand how I would go about diagnosing it further. The logfile that I specified is empty, by the way. How can I make procmail+postfix work?

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• InstallShield or Windows installer corrupted

  - by Bobby S

  Just recently I've been unable to install any software on my Windows 7 machine. Anything that uses InstallShield or the Windows installer will just hang or give a weird error. I noticed there will be many duplicate isbew64.exe processes (like 25) that launch and then just sit there or else a lot of msiexec.exe *32 processes, depending on what I'm trying to install. One piece of software specifically is the Logitech Harmony software. It gives me an *is_string_not_defined* error, saying c:\program files (x86)\:\ the filename, directory name, or volume label syntax is incorrect. The other thing I was trying to install was Battlefield: Bad Company 2, and that just hangs as well, and then just leaves all the Windows installer processes running in the background after I quit the install process. Very odd. I've checked well and googled these issues, it doesn't appear to be any sort of malware issue. I feel like it's related to some kind of corrupted installer application. I've rebooted, deleted the InstallShield folder in program files/common files as some places online suggested but to no avail. I have no idea what to do, any ideas?

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• How to copy a bunch of pages? Is there a 3rd party tool?

  - by unknown (yahoo)

  (I asked the following question at the DNN forum, and also at snowcovered. Nobody knew of such an obvious time-saver being for sale. I'm posting here in case anybody knows of a freeware module that might do this.) By "groups of dnn pages", I mean pages that form a hierarchy (not necessary a hierarchy that is headed with a page at the same level as the Home page.) I know that I can copy web pages, one by one, using the admin login via the web-based dnn interface. But, I'd prefer a script or wizard, of some sort (that runs scripts behind the scenes) that can allow me to 1) specify a web page that I want to copy (along with the hierarchy of pages under it) 2) specify the names and titles of the new top-level pages 3) specify whether the contained modules of the top-level page that I want to copy is to be : ( ) New ( ) Copy ( ) Reference (as in the web-based interface) 4) repeat 3) for each of the source pages in the hierarchy that I want to copy You might say that I am looking to do something similar to creating a portal web site based on a template, except that it's not an entirely new website - instead it's a section of the current web site. I might want to do this because I have an organization which is broken into chapters, and I want each chapter to have, say, it's own General Information page (which acts like it's home page), and underneath that, in it's hierarchy, a Contact Info page and an Events page. so: Home Page   General Information Page     Contact Info     Events -- Home Page   General Information Page     Contact Info     Events   General Information Page Kiwanis - Bloomfield     Contact Info     Events   General Information Page Kiwanis - Dayton     Contact Info     Events If I have 200 chapters, I certainly don't want to copy those 3 web pages using the web based interface, as that would take a long time. (And imagine if each chapter's new sub-website had 30 pages!) I just want to specify the parameters of a copy process, then press a button, and let the system do the rest.

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• Users database empty after Samba3 to Samba4 migration on different servers

  - by ouzmoutous

  I have to migrate a Samba 3 to a new Samba 4 server. My problem is that the database on the samba 3 server seems a bit empty. The secrets.dtb file is only 20K whereas the “pbedit -L |wc -l”command give me 16970 lines. On my Samba3 /var/lib/samba is 1,5M After I had migrate the databse (following instructions on http://dev.tranquil.it/index.php/SAMBA_-_Migration_Samba3_Samba4), “pdbedit -L” command on the new server give me only : SAMBA4$, Administrator, dns-samba4, krbtgt and nobody. So I tried to create a VM with a Samba3. I added some users, done the same things I did for the migration and now I can see the users created on the VM. It’s like users on the Samba 3 server are in a sort of cache. I already migrate the /etc/{passwd,shadow,group} files and I can see users with the “getent passwd” command. Any ideas why my users are present when I use pdbedit but the database is so empty ? The global part of my smb.conf on the Samba 3 server : [global] workgroup = INTERNET netbios name = PDC-SMB3 server string = %h server interfaces = eth0 obey pam restrictions = Yes passdb backend = smbpasswd passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u passwd chat = *new* %n\n *Re* %n\n *pa* username map = /etc/samba/smbusers unix password sync = Yes syslog = 0 log file = /var/log/samba/log.%U max log size = 1000 socket options = TCP_NODELAY SO_RCVBUF=8192 SO_SNDBUF=8192 add user script = /usr/sbin/useradd -s /bin/false -m '%u' -g users delete user script = /usr/sbin/userdel -r '%u' add group script = /usr/sbin/groupadd '%g' delete group script = /usr/sbin/groupdel '%g' add user to group script = /usr/sbin/usermod -G '%g' '%u' add machine script = /usr/sbin/useradd -s /bin/false -d /dev/null '%u' -g machines logon script = logon.cmd logon home = \\$L\%U domain logons = Yes os level = 255 preferred master = Yes local master = Yes domain master = Yes dns proxy = No ldap ssl = no panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d invalid users = root admin users = admin, root, administrateur log level = 2

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• Free web-based software for team collaboration/documentation

  - by Jason Antman

  Looking for some advice here, as my search has turned up to be pretty fruitless. My group (9 people - SAs, programmers, and two network guys) is looking for some sort of web tool to... ahem... "facilitate increased collaboration" (we didn't use a buzzword generator, I swear). At the moment, we have an unified ticketing system that's braindead, but is here to stay for political/logistical reasons. We've got 2 wikis ("old" and "new"), neither of which fulfill our needs, and are therefore not used very often. We're looking for a free (as in both cost and open source) web-based tool. Management side: Wants to be able to track project status, who's doing what, whether deadlines are being met, etc. Doesn't want full-fledged "project management" app, just something where we can update "yeah this was done" or "waiting for Bob to configure the widgets". TeamBox (www.teambox.com) was suggested, but it seems almost too gimmicky, and doesn't meet any of the other requirements: Non-management side: - flexible, powerful wiki for all documentation (i.e. includes good tables, easy markup, syntax highlighting, etc.) - good full text search of everything (i.e. type in a hostname and get every instance anyone ever uttered that name) - task lists or ToDo lists, hopefully about to be grouped into a number of "projects" - file uploads - RSS or Atom feeds, email alerts of updates We're open to doing some customizations (adding some features, notification/feeds, searching, SVN integration, etc.) but need something F/OSS that will run under Apache. My conundrum is that most of the choices I've found so far fall into one of these categories: project management/task tracking with poor wiki/documentation/knowledge base support wiki with no task tracking support ticketing system with everything else bolted on (we already have one that we're stuck with) code-centric application (we do little "development", mostly SA work) Any suggestions? Or, lacking that, any comments on which software would be easiest to add the lacking features to (hopefully ending up with something that actually looks good and works well)?

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• File corrupted by some tools (probably virus or antivirus)- does the pattern indicate any known corruptions?

  - by StackTrace

  As part of our software we install postgres(windows). In one of the customer sites, a set of files got corrupted. All files were part of timezone information(postgres/share/timezone). They are some sort of binary files. After the corruption, they all starts with following pattern od -tac output $ od -tac GMT 0000000 can esc etx sub nak dle em | nl em so | o r l _ 030 033 003 032 025 020 031 | \n 031 016 | o r l _ 0000020 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ del 3 fs ] del del del del del \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 377 3 034 ] 377 377 377 377 377 0000040 > ack r v s ack p soh q h r s q w h q 276 206 362 366 363 206 360 201 361 350 362 363 361 367 350 361 0000060 t r ack h eot s } v h | etx p eot ack nul } 364 362 206 350 204 363 375 366 350 374 203 360 204 206 200 375 0000100 | q t s t 8 E E E E E E E E E E 374 361 364 363 364 270 305 305 305 305 305 305 305 305 305 305 0000120 E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E 305 305 305 305 305 305 305 305 305 305 305 305 305 305 305 305 * 0000240 m ; z dc3 7 sub c can em a u 5 can d 2 B 355 ; z 023 267 232 343 230 031 a u 5 230 d 262 302 0000260 X nul y J o S - 9 ] stx soh L can 1 ! j 330 \0 y 312 o S 255 9 335 202 001 314 030 261 241 j 0000300 dle g o etb n ff em ] 9 F ' dc4 } , em $ 020 g 357 227 n \f 231 ] 271 F 247 024 375 254 231 244 0000320 Q si ff L bs 2 # stx i 5 r % | | c del Q 017 214 314 210 2 # 002 351 5 362 245 374 374 343 177 0000340 m C esc H em enq ~ X o V p / l dc3 N sp m C 033 H 031 205 376 X o 326 360 257 l 023 N 0000360 } ) enq ( syn ! 3 s $ E z dc3 A dc3 ff P

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• I accidentally hijacked my localhost

  - by Zach L

  Opening localhost in the browser is pointing a local webpage (examplePage) after playing with some config files a while back, and I can't figure out how to restore the default behavior. Background: I have XAMPP installed on my Windows 7 machine, and a webpage at c:/xampp/htdocs/examplePage. A couple weeks ago, I was on a mission to get sites root-relative urls (/resource) to work, so I played around with a bunch of apache/conf files, including httpd.conf and httpd-vhosts.conf and also was messing with the Windows hosts file. I gave up at some point, didn't document exactly what I did, and have since probably forgotten some of what I did. Many of my changes stemmed from suggestions in this StackOverflow post What I've Tried I commented out my additions to the hosts file I turned off XAMPP (thus hopefully negating any apache config file effect) I reverted to my original DocumentRoot in httpd.conf anyway (xampp/htdocs) localhost still displays examplePage. Even with xampp turned on (my reverted DocmentRootisn't taking effect) Does anyone know what I may have done and how I can fix it? Update : Its been resolved, thank everyone so much in taskmanager, theres a couple instances of httpd.exe (Apache HTTP Server). I ended these, and opened XAMPP, restarting apache. all references to examplePage in my .conf files that I could find had been commented out or removed. I imagine that the old versions were still in effect for some reason, and manually ending the Apache processes fixed this. As a point of interest, Its still a mystery why those processes were running - I cannot reproduce that situation. I must've stumbled upon a XAMPP bug of some sort.

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• Load Sharing Regarding Large Websites

  - by JHarley1

  Hello, I have a question regarding Load Sharing for large websites. My Understanding: So if you have a website that has millions of fits a day you will need to have an architecture that can support this sort of pressure. You can either do one or two things: Invest in a single large server that has huge amounts of processing power, memory and storage (such as Microsoft's TerraServer). Spread the load of your website across a number of machines. Let me tackle the second approach, so you have a collection of machines all running Web Server Software and all having access to identical copies of the websites pages. You can either spread the load across these machines using a cyclic pattern in a DNS or you can use a Load Ballancing Switch. The advantages of this approach is: - Redundancy - servers can fail and the others would "pick up the slack" - Incremental - the ability to easily add new machines to this set-up. My Question's Is there a Virtual approach to this issue of load balancing now? If the website runs from a database - is there still only a single copy of the database? If a user had a session running on one Server (e.g. they had gone to www.example.org and had been assigned to Server 2 - were they had created a session) if they refreshed the website (and were allocated Server 3) would they still have their session? What are the other disadvantages associated with Load Balancing? Many Thanks, J

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• Outlook 2010 OSC with SharePoint 2010 documentation or help

  - by skypanther

  I'm looking for documentation or help to set up Outlook 2010's social connector to work with SharePoint 2010. I can't find much info other than some MS videos and blogs saying that it's possible. They say "we are already connected to SharePoint, so let's add in the XYZ connector..." but don't tell how they connected to SharePoint. Server A: Win2K8 x64, Exchange 2010 x64, domain controller Server B: Win2K8 x64, domain member, SQL Server 2008 R2, SharePoint 2010 Client: Win 7, domain member, with Office 2010 RTM (most every component installed, including the OSC) I've added my domain users to a group. In SharePoint, I granted that domain group permissions to access the site. As any of the domain users, I can use IE to log on the My Sites pages. From there, I can add lists, blog posts, status updates etc. In Outlook, I can add a SharePoint contact to my Contacts list. But, all I see in the People Pane is emails my users have exchanged. I don't see any of the other SharePoint status updates. When I try to use the "Add this person to a social network" link to connect them with my My Sites, the process fails. It doesn't give any sort of error message that helps me figure out why. Just a "Try Again" button that likewise fails. Any guides, links, suggestions? I'm pretty novice-level with SharePoint but mildly adept with the other technologies.

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• grepping a substring from a grep result

  - by allentown

  Given a log file, I will usually do something like this: grep 'marker-1234' filter_log What is the difference in using '' or "" or nothing in the pattern? The above grep command will yield many thousands of lines; what I desire. Within those lines, There is usually one chunk of data I am after. Sometimes, I use awk to print out the fields I am after. In this case, the log format changes, I can't rely on position exclusively, not to mention, the actual logged data can push position forward. To make this understandable, lets say the log line contained an IP address, and that was all I was after, so I can later pipe it to sort and unique and get some tally counts. An example may be: 2010-04-08 some logged data, indetermineate chars - [marker-1234] (123.123.123.123) from: [email protected] to [email protected] [stat-xyz9876] The first grep command will give me many thousands of lines like the above, from there, I want to pipe it to something, probably sed, which can pull out a pattern within, and print only the pattern. For this example, using an the IP address would suffice. I tried. Is sed not able to understand [0-9]{1,3}. as a pattern? I had to [0-9][0-9][0-9]. which yielded strange results until the entire pattern created. This is not specific to an IP address, the pattern will change, but I can use that as a learning template. Thank you all.

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• transparently proxying a firewalled web application from a non-standard port to port 80

  - by Terrence Brannon

  I have a web application that serves on port 8088 on $server. However, the only port accessible from remote on $server is port 80. Furthermore, only CGI programs can execute on port 80. I would like to write a CGI program accessible via port 80 that allows one to use the web app running on port 8088. From my view, an ideal solution would be some sort of Java web browser that simply opened up a window and allowed me to use the program running on that port. The CGI program would simply initiate a web browser applet or something. I wrote a Perl CGI program that does it, but I really would like a more transparent solution: my $q = new CGI; print $q->header; use LWP::Simple; use HTML::Tree; my $base = "http://localhost:8088"; my $request = $base; my $qurl = $q->param('url'); if (length($qurl) > 1) { warn "long $qurl"; $request = "$base$qurl"; } else { warn "short $qurl"; } my $content = get($request); my $tree = HTML::TreeBuilder->new_from_content($content); my @a = $tree->look_down('_tag' => 'a'); for my $a (@a) { my $url = $a->attr('href'); next if index($url, '#') > -1 ; $url = "?url=$url"; $a->attr(href => $url); } print $tree->as_HTML;

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• What could cause a WMV to not play to completion in a browser?

  - by Ty W

  A realtor has had videos created for a community she is selling homes for, the people who made the videos gave them to us in WMV format. I can play these videos without any problem in Windows Media Player, VLC, and Quicktime (via Flip4Mac). I can play the videos from their location at videohomeguide.com in my browser without any trouble. However when I upload the files to our server the video stops at about the 1 minute mark in Safari and FireFox on Mac OS X Snow Leopard. I'm not sure if Windows browsers have the same issue because they are loaded using Windows Media Player. http://carolepaul.com/images/uploads/cottageslsjamestown.wmv <- our server, will fail at 1:09ish. http://www.videohomeguide.com/media/cottageslsjamestown.wmv <- should play to completion (3:27ish) The files generate the same MD5 hash on my desktop and on our server. I used WGET to transfer the files, always downloading from videohomeguide.com. Since the files are identical and are playable using VLC/WMP/Quicktime, and playable in the browsers from videohomeguide.com it seems to me that it is some sort of server config... maybe incorrect headers sent to the browsers? Here are the headers sent and received by FireFox on OS X: http://carolepaul.com/images/uploads/cottageslsjamestown.wmv GET /images/uploads/cottageslsjamestown.wmv HTTP/1.1 Host: carolepaul.com User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10.6; en-US; rv:1.9.2.2) Gecko/20100316 Firefox/3.6.2 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Keep-Alive: 115 Connection: keep-alive HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 29 Mar 2010 20:43:20 GMT Server: Apache/1.3.41 (Unix) PHP/5.2.6 FrontPage/5.0.2.2635 mod_psoft_traffic/0.2 mod_ssl/2.8.31 OpenSSL/0.9.8b Last-Modified: Wed, 02 Dec 2009 18:08:46 GMT Etag: "1e7919c-198eadc-4b16ad2e" Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Length: 26798812 Keep-Alive: timeout=10, max=200 Connection: Keep-Alive Content-Type: video/x-ms-wmv

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• Multicast image restoration with adaptive speed

  - by Clinton Blackmore

  I'm curious to know if there are any tools for restoring disk images (or even transferring files) via multicast -- for any platform, especially if the project has source available -- where the multicast rate adjusts itself on the fly. On the Mac, all multicast solutions I am aware of (such as Deploy Studio, and NetRestore before it) make use of multicast ASR (apple software restore), which has one glaring deficiency -- you have to set the multicast speed before you start sending a disk image over the network, and that speed is locked in. Either your clients can keep up and restore, or they can't*. It seems to me that it must be possible for the multicast server to adjust the data rate, so you basically say "start sending this image", clients connect, and, if they can't keep up, they tell the server so it slows down. (Likewise, I'd expect the server to try speeding up if no client is having difficulties keeping up, and I'd expect to be able to cap that maximum throughput so that other network activities can go on without being resource starved.) So, what sort of tools are out there? For Linux? Windows? Is there something for the Mac I've overlooked. [It just kills me that it is true that, by the time you get multicast up and going at a good speed to restore a lab, you could've unicasted the data to all the computers and be done.] * There is a little leeway involved. I think individual clients can say, "I missed a little bit of data" and get it, and they can opt to listen in the next time the image is sent over the network, but on the whole, if they missed it the first go round, you have to image the machine again, and there is no time savings.

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• Ubuntu 11.10 ATI Drivers vesa park

  - by Matthias

  This is probably not an issue, from all I can get it seems my hardware and drivers are properly installed. However when I go to system settings - system info - graphics. I get Driver: VESA:PARK. Experience: Standard. my graphics card is a: Ati Mobility Radeon HD 5470 512MB. I am pretty sure it's not a same-die GPU since there is a fan exhaust at the side of my laptop which I presume is the exhaust for the GPU... I have no clue whatsoever what this means. I installed the ati drivers first using the 'additional drivers' method. However I also decided to look a manual installation up via the terminal since I've had problems before with Ubuntu and ati cards. I used wget and something among the lines of sh dpkg -i. I can recall exactly, I took them from another stackoverflow answer. Anyway, it seems everything is installed properly since it shows up with these commands: sudo lshw -C video fglrxinfo however the first command seems to detect hardware, not the driver per se, although the driver is probably needed to detect the hardware anyway which would indicate its properly installed. I am still not sure about that VES:PARK thing though. I'd like to know what it means.. Also, if someone happens to know a good way of testing if the gpu is connected/being used...some sort of benchmark maybe...I'd like to hear it. P.s. I can find my way around in Ubuntu but I would probably still be considered a rookie by more experienced users.

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• Question about Displaying Documents and the CQWP in MOSS 2007

  - by Psycho Bob

  My organization is in the process of converting our intranet over to a SharePoint solution. Part of this intranet will be the movement and organization of all our internal documents. Currently, we have 11 pages of document links, each with its own subheadings. So far I have it set where each document has a custom field called "Page" with a check box list of all the document pages on the intranet site. On each individual page, I have setup a Content Query Web Part that displays the documents that have the corresponding Page value set (i.e. if a document Page value has been checked for "HR" it will appear on the HR page). The goal of this setup is to allow the nontechnical personal who will be responsible for the maintenance of the documents to be able to upload new documents to the documents list and note on which pages they should appear on without having to manually update the pages themselves. The problem that I am having is that I cannot seem to find a good way to sort the documents into their subheadings once they are on the appropriate page. I could create individual check boxes for each page/subheading combination, but this would create a list of approximately 50-75 items. Does anyone have any ideas as to how I could accomplish this, either via CQWP or by different means? Goals/Requirements of Installation Allow Intranet documents to be maintained by nontechnical personnel Display documents on the appropriate pages without user having to edit actual page or web part Denote document page location using user settable document attributes (if possible) Maintain current intranet organization and workflow Use only one document list without subdirectories NOTE: I am aware that this is not the most efficient or elegant way to do things, but these are the requirements I have been given for the project.

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• VMware and Windows Activation

  - by Peter M

  Yesterday I installed Slysoft's Virtual CloneDrive in order to mount an iso for some software installation on my host system (XP Pro SP3) This morning I fired up VMware and made a linked clone of an existing XP vm in order to do some software testing. This is the sort of thing that I do all the time, and the base XP vm that I clone was activated a long long time ago. The surprise today was that the newly cloned vm was no longer activated and XP cited major changes in hardware as the reason. I repeated the test with a full clone of the base system and got the same message. I then started up my base vm and it seemed to be activated, yet another vm (which I fully cloned from the base vm a long time ago) now started reporting that XP was not activated. At this point I guessed that Virtual DriveClone might have been the source of my hardware differences so I uninstalled it and rebooted. After this I made a new linked clone and full clone of the base vm and XP did not complain about not being activated. So I seem to be back to where I was before installing Virtual DriveClone with the exception that that one particular XP vm continues to complain about activation (even though 4 or 5 other XP vm's are fat and happy) Now to my questions: Why would adding Virtual CloneDrive to the host system affect XP activation on the vm's? From their point of view I would have thought that the environment had not changed as I had not enabled any new hard drives in their systems. Or is adding a hard drive to the host system enough to upset XP activation? Since this event, one of my fully cloned vm's is still reporting that XP is not activated even though I have removed Virtual CloneDrive. Is there anyway to convince XP that it is on the same system as yesterday? Or are my only options to do an activation or restore the vm from a previous backup?

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• Throughput; capacity planning help for C10K like design

  - by z8000

  I am designing a network service in which clients connect and stay connected -- the model is not far off from IRC less the s2s connections. I could use some help understanding how to do capacity planning, in particular with the system resource costs associated with handling messages from/to clients. There's an article that tried to get 1 million clients connected to the same server [1]. Of course, most of these clients were completely idle in the test. If the clients sent a message every 5 seconds or so the system would surely be brought to its knees. But... How do you do less hand-waving and you know, measure such a breaking point? We're talking about messages being sent by a client over a TCP socket, into the kernel, and read by an application. The data is shuffled around in memory from one buffer to another. Do I need to consider memory throughput ("5 GT/s" [2], etc.)? I'm pretty sure I have the ability to measure the basic memory requirements due to TCP/IP buffers, expected bandwidth, and CPU resources required to process messages. I'm a little dim on what I'm calling "thoughput". Help! Also, does anyone really do this? Or, do most people sort of hand-wave and see what the real world offers, and then react appropriately? [1] http://www.metabrew.com/article/a-million-user-comet-application-with-mochiweb-part-3/ [2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GT/s

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• Building a Media Center PC with Comcast Cable...?

  - by Rob

  Alright - so this might be a stupid question but I've never been all that much into TV. I currently have Comcast cable. I've just got the 'basic' 2-60 package or whatever; I've just always plugged the cable into the back of my TV. I've never had a cable box. Recently, Comcast has been pulling channels off of my line-up. Most recently, the stole the TV Guide channel from me. I'm told this is part of a push to get customers to switch to their digital line-up. But, I'm also told it requires some sort of digital receiver for each TV you've got. I don't want to buy a bunch of these digital receivers and I don't want to pay the monthly rental fee...but I have heard of how awesome media center PCs are and some really cool things they can do. And, I've got loads of PC parts sitting around. So, can someone guide me through this a bit? Are there computer video cards or TV tuners that are going to work with Comcast's digital cable? What kind of price range are we looking at?

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• What could cause the file command in Linux to report a text file as data?

  - by Jonah Bishop

  I have a couple of C++ source files (one .cpp and one .h) that are being reported as type data by the file command in Linux. When I run the file -bi command against these files, I'm given this output (same output for each file): application/octet-stream; charset=binary Each file is clearly plain-text (I can view them in vi). What's causing file to misreport the type of these files? Could it be some sort of Unicode thing? Both of these files were created in Windows-land (using Visual Studio 2005), but they're being compiled in Linux (it's a cross-platform application). Any ideas would be appreciated. Update: I don't see any null characters in either file. I found some extended characters in the .cpp file (in a comment block), removed them, but file still reports the same encoding. I've tried forcing the encoding in SlickEdit, but that didn't seem to have an effect. When I open the file in vim, I see a [converted] line as soon as I open the file. Perhaps I can get vim to force the encoding?

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• 3 Servers, is this is a cluster?

  - by Andy Barlow

  Hello, At the moment I have one Ubuntu server, 9.10, running with a simple Samba share, a mail server, DNS server and DHCP server. Mostly its just there for file sharing and email server. I also have 2 other servers that are exactly the same hardware and spec as the first, which have an rsync set up to retrieve the shared folders and backs them up. However, if the first server goes down, all of our shares disappear along with our mail and the system must be rebuilt. Also I tend to find if people are downloading a large amount from the file server, no-one can access there emails - especially in the morning when everyone is signing in at once. Would it be more beneficial for me to have all 3 servers, all running the same services, doing the same thing with some sort of cluster with load balancing? I'm not really sure where to begin looking, or how to go about such a setup where 3 servers are all identical, but perhaps one acts as the main load balancer?? If someone can point me in the right direction, or if this simply sounds like one of those Enterprise Cloud's that is now a default setup in Ubuntu Server 9.10+, then I'll go down that route. Cheers in advance. Andy

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• Convert a cassette tape recording to digital format

  - by Electric Automation

  Has anyone been successful with transferring audio cassette tape recordings to a digital format? I would like to preserve old cassette tape recordings of my grandparents to some digital format: MP3, WAV, etc... The quality of the tapes are mediocre. I think I can handle the quality restoration but getting the audio from tape to digital is my question. Below is a list of the hardware that I can work with: Cassette Deck: I have a Technics stereo cassette deck model RS-B12. It has separate left and right IN and OUT RCA type jacks on the back. In the front it has a headphone phono jack, plus left and right mic input phono jacks. On the computer side: -I have a Windows Vista PC with no additional software other than what came with the machine from Costco. No sound editing software that I can see. There is no sound card on the PC. On the front panel there is a mini-phono mic input jack and there are several different types of in/out mini-phono jacks on the back. In addition, USB and Firewire. I also have access to a new (2009) iMac with a mini-phono input jack for a powered mic or other audio source and GarageBand that has come with the computer. In addition, USB and Firewire. What are my options for getting these cassette recordings into a digital format? Whats the best format? What sort of wires would I need and will I want to utilize the USB or Firewire or can I simply use the audio inputs on the PC (or Mac) to receive the audio stream?

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• GRE Tunnel over IPsec with Loopback

  - by Alek

  Hello, I'm having a really hard time trying to estabilish a VPN connection using a GRE over IPsec tunnel. The problem is that it involves some sort of "loopback" connection which I don't understand -- let alone be able to configure --, and the only help I could find is related to configuring Cisco routers. My network is composed of a router and a single host running Debian Linux. My task is to create a GRE tunnel over an IPsec infrastructure, which is particularly intended to route multicast traffic between my network, which I am allowed to configure, and a remote network, for which I only bear a form containing some setup information (IP addresses and phase information for IPsec). For now it suffices to estabilish a communication between this single host and the remote network, but in the future it will be desirable for the traffic to be routed to other machines on my network. As I said this GRE tunnel involves a "loopback" connection which I have no idea of how to configure. From my previous understanding, a loopback connection is simply a local pseudo-device used mostly for testing purposes, but in this context it might be something more specific that I do not have the knowledge of. I have managed to properly estabilish the IPsec communication using racoon and ipsec-tools, and I believe I'm familiar with the creation of tunnels and addition of addresses to interfaces using ip, so the focus is on the GRE step. The worst part is that the remote peers do not respond to ping requests and the debugging of the general setup is very difficult due to the encrypted nature of the traffic. There are two pairs of IP addresses involved: one pair for the GRE tunnel peer-to-peer connection and one pair for the "loopback" part. There is also an IP range involved, which is supposed to be the final IP addresses for the hosts inside the VPN. My question is: how (or if) can this setup be done? Do I need some special software or another daemon, or does the Linux kernel handle every aspect of the GRE/IPsec tunneling? Please inform me if any extra information could be useful. Any help is greatly appreciated.

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• PFSense VPN Routing

  - by SvrGuy

  We use PFSense firewalls at three installations with the following LAN networks: 1.) Datacenter #1: 10.0.0.0/16 2.) Datacenter #2: 10.1.0.0/16 3.) HQ: 10.2.0.0/16 All of these locations are linked via an IPSEC tunnel that works properly. Hosts in any of the above networks can communicate with hosts in any other of the above networks. Now, for our laptops etc. we established a road warrior network 10.3.0.0/16 and have implemented OpenVPN to link the laptops etc. to Datacenter #1. This works great too, so our laptops can connect and communicate with any host in Datacenter #1 (anything on 10.0.0.0/16) The problem is the laptops can't communicate with any hosts that Datacenter #1 can reach by its IPSEC tunnel to Datacenter #2 (and/or the HQ for that matter). Does anyone know what to do configuration wise on the PFSense box in Datacenter #1 to configure to route packets received on the OpenVPN tunnel to Datacenter #2 over the IPSEC tunnel? It could be a setting on the OpenVPN or some sort of static route or some such. Any ideas?

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• Messed up USB stick doesn't show in blkid

  - by Felix

  I was playing around with a USB stick (booting archlinux with qemu off of it and trying to perform an installation on the same stick at the same time -- brave, I know, but I was just messing around). Now, after failing to boot and install at the same time, it seems I have sort of messed up my stick. What I think happened is that I used cfdisk to wipe everything on it and create one big partition, but formatting it then failed, so now there's a big partition with no filesystem. Just to make it clear: I'm not worried for my stick, I know I can recover it at any point. What I find intriguing is that after plugging the stick into my computer (using Ubuntu), there's no (terminal) way to find out what block device (/dev/sdx) it has associated. The only way I could determine that was with GParted: But blkid shows the following: /dev/sda1: UUID="12F695CFF695B387" LABEL="System Reserved" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sda2: UUID="A0BAA6EABAA6BC62" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sdb1: UUID="546aec8b-9ad6-4571-b07a-adba63e25820" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sdb2: UUID="2a8b82d8-6c6e-4053-a446-bab970d93d7c" TYPE="swap" /dev/sdb3: UUID="7cbede7d-c930-4e59-9d1b-01f2d79bd092" TYPE="ext4" No trace of /dev/sdc. My question is: if I didn't have a graphical interface (to use GParted), how would I have known which block device is my stick?

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