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  • Can you define <=> in Ruby and then have ==, >, <, >=, and <= defined automatically?

    - by jeremy Ruten
    Here's part of my Note class: class Note attr_accessor :semitones, :letter, :accidental def initialize(semitones, letter, accidental = :n) @semitones, @letter, @accidental = semitones, letter, accidental end def <=>(other) @semitones <=> other.semitones end def ==(other) @semitones == other.semitones end def >(other) @semitones > other.semitones end def <(other) @semitones < other.semitones end end It seems to me like there should be a module that I could include that could give me my equality and comparison operators based on my <=> method. Is there one? I'm guessing a lot of people run into this kind of problem. How do you usually solve it? (How do you make it DRY?)

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  • VB.NET overloading array access?

    - by Wayne Werner
    Hi, Is it possible to overload the array/dict access operators in VB.net? For example, you can state something like: Dim mydict As New Hashtable() mydict.add("Cool guy", "Overloading is dangerous!") mydict("Cool guy") = "Overloading is cool!" And that works just fine. But what I would like to do is be able to say: mydict("Cool guy") = "3" and then have 3 automagically converted to the Integer 3. I mean, sure I can have a private member mydict.coolguy and have setCoolguy() and getCoolguy() methods, but I would prefer to be able to write it the former way if at all possible. Thanks

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  • Haskell: What is the difference between $ (dollar) and $! (dollar exclamation point)

    - by Jelle Fresen
    Can anybody explain the difference in Haskell between the operators ($) and ($!) (dollar sign vs dollar sign exclamation point)? I haven't seen the use of $! anywhere so far, but while browsing through the Haskell reference on www.zvon.org, I noticed its existence and that it has the exact same definition as $. When trying some simple statements in a Haskell interpreter (ghci), I couldn't find any difference, nor could I find any reference to the operator in the top listed tutorials when googling for haskell tutorial. So, just out of curiosity, what is the difference, if at all?

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  • In Ruby, can the coerce() method know what operator it is that requires the help to coerce?

    - by Jian Lin
    In Ruby, it seems that a lot of coerce() help can be done by def coerce(something) [self, something] end that's is, when 3 + rational is needed, Fixnum 3 doesn't know how to handle adding a Rational, so it asks Rational#coerce for help by calling rational.coerce(3), and this coerce instance method will tell the caller: # I know how to handle rational + something, so I will return you the following: [self, something] # so that now you can invoke + on me, and I will deal with Fixnum to get an answer So what if most operators can use this method, but not when it is (a - b) != (b - a) situation? Can coerce() know which operator it is, and just handle those special cases, while just using the simple [self, something] to handle all the other cases where (a op b) == (b op a) ? (op is the operator).

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  • C# String Operator Overloading

    - by ScottSEA
    G'Day Mates - What is the right way (excluding the argument of whether it is advisable) to overload the string operators <, , <= and = ? I've tried it five ways to Sunday and I get various errors - my best shot was declaring a partial class and overloading from there, but it won't work for some reason. namespace System { public partial class String { public static Boolean operator <(String a, String b) { return a.CompareTo(b) < 0; } public static Boolean operator >(String a, String b) { return a.CompareTo(b) > 0; } } }

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  • How can I have a serializable struct that wraps it's self as an int32 implicitly? in C#?

    - by firoso
    Long story short, I have a struct (see below) that contains exactly one field: private int value; I've also implemented implicit conversion operators: public static implicit operator int(Outlet val) { return val.value; } public static implicit operator Outlet(int val) { return new Outlet(val); } I've implemented all of the following : IComparable, IComparable<Cart>, IComparable<int>, IConvertible, IEquatable<Cart>, IEquatable<int>, IFormattable I'm at a point where I really have no clue why, but whenever I serialize this object, I get no value. For instance, with XmlSerialization: <Outlet /> Also, I'm not solely concerned about XmlSerialization, I'm concerned about ALL serialization (binary for instance) How can I ensure that this serializes properly? NOTE: I did this because mapping an int,int dictionary seemed rather poorly typed to me when explicit objects with validation behavior were desired.

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  • Why would the assignment operator ever do something different than its matching constructor?

    - by Neil G
    I was reading some boost code, and came across this: inline sparse_vector &assign_temporary(sparse_vector &v) { swap(v); return *this; } template<class AE> inline sparse_vector &operator=(const sparse_vector<AE> &ae) { self_type temporary(ae); return assign_temporary(temporary); } It seems to be mapping all of the constructors to assignment operators. Great. But why did C++ ever opt to make them do different things? All I can think of is scoped_ptr?

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  • Hidden Features and Dark Corners of STL?

    - by Andrei
    C++ developers, all know the basics of C++: Declarations, conditionals, loops, operators, etc. Some of us even mastered the stuff like templates, object model, complex I/O, etc. But what are the most hidden features or tricks or dark corners of C++/STL that even C++ fans, addicts, and experts barely know? I am talking about a seasoned C++ programmer (be she/he a developer, student, fan, all three, etc), who thinks (s)he knows something 99% of us never heard or dreamed about. Something that not only makes his/her work easier, but also cool and hackish. After all, C++ is one of the most used programming languages in the world, thus it should have intricacies that only a few privileged know about and want to share with us. Boost is welcome too! One per post with an example please P.S Examples are important for other developers to copy and paste!

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  • LINQ query needs either ascending or descending in the same query

    - by Sir Psycho
    Is there anyway this code can be refactored? The only difference is the order by part. Idealy I'd like to use a delegate/lamda expression so the code is reusable but I don't know how to conditionally add and remove the query operators OrderBy and OrderByDescending var linq = new NorthwindDataContext(); var query1 = linq.Customers .Where(c => c.ContactName.StartsWith("a")) .SelectMany(cus=>cus.Orders) .OrderBy(ord => ord.OrderDate) .Select(ord => ord.CustomerID); var query2 = linq.Customers .Where(c => c.ContactName.StartsWith("a")) .SelectMany(cus => cus.Orders) .OrderByDescending(ord => ord.OrderDate) .Select(ord => ord.CustomerID);

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  • On ocamlyacc, function application grammar and precedence

    - by Amadan
    I'm OCaml newbie and I'm trying to write a simple OCaml-like grammar, and I can't figure this out. My grammar allows something like this: let sub = fun x -> fun y -> x - y;; However, if I want to use the function so defined, I can write: (sub 7) 3 but I can't write sub 7 3, which really bugs me. For some reason, it gets interpreted as if I wrote sub (7 3) (which would treat 7 as a function with argument 3). The relevant sections are: /* other operators, then at the very end: */ %left APPLY /* ... */ expr: /* ... */ | expr expr %prec APPLY { Apply($1, $2) } Thanks!

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  • In ActionScript, Is there a way to check if an input argument is a valid Vector of any type?

    - by ty
    In the following code: var a:Vector.<int> ... var b:Vector.<String> ... var c:Vector.<uint> ... var c:Vector.<MyOwnClass> ... function verifyArrayLike(arr:*):Boolean { return (arr is Array || arr is Vector) } verifyArrayLike(a); verifyArrayLike(b); ... What I'm looking for is something like _var is Vector.<*> But Vector.<*> is not a valid expression, even Vector. can not be placed at the right side of operators. Is there a way to check if an input argument is a valid Vector of any type?

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  • How Do I Search Between a Date Rang Using the ActiveRecord Model?

    - by Russ Bradberry
    I am new to both Ruby and ActiveRecord. I currently have a need to modify and existing piece of code to add a date range in the select. The current piece goes like this: ReportsThirdparty.find(:all, :conditions => {:site_id=>site_id, :campaign_id=>campaign_id, :size_id=>size_id}) Now, I need to add a range, but I am not sure how to do the BETWEEN or >= or <= operators. I guess what I need is something similar to: ReportsThirdparty.find(:all, :conditions => {:site_id=>site_id, :campaign_id=>campaign_id, :size_id=>size_id, :row_date=>"BETWEEN #{start_date} AND #{end_date}") Even if this did work, I know that using interpolation here would leave me subject to SQL injection attacks.

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  • Can I interpolate two HEX color values without converting them to RGB?

    - by navand
    I'm trying to make a Gradient Class for a Blackberry app. At first I thought about converting the HEX values to RGB and then interpolating them before converting the result back into HEX, but since I will be doing this for every pixel line of an area, and the calculations will be made by a mobile, I thought that maybe there's a more efficient way of doing it. Maybe involving those pesky bitwise operators which I know nothing of... or something. So, is there a way of interpolating without converting to RGB and back? If so, is it faster than the original way? In any case, can you help me make the most efficient color interpolation? Thank you in advance!

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  • Is there a language designed for code golf?

    - by J S
    I am not really a fan of code golf, but I have to wonder, is there an esoteric language designed for it? I mean a language with following properties: Common programs may be expressed in very short amount of characters It uses ASCII character set effectively (for example, common operators are not identifiers, so they don't have to be separated by whitespace, character usage is distributed more or less evenly because we cannot use Huffman coding and so on) Except the terse syntax, it should have very expressible and clean semantics (like, let's say, Python or Scheme); it shouldn't be difficult to program in It doesn't need features for large scale programs, such as OOP, but it definitely should allow custom functions and data structures It should have a large standard library, identifiers in this library should be as short as possible Maybe it should be called CG? Languages that can be a source of inspiration are Forth, APL and Joy.

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  • Dynamic Operator Overloading on dict classes in Python

    - by Ishpeck
    I have a class that dynamically overloads basic arithmetic operators like so... import operator class IshyNum: def __init__(self, n): self.num=n self.buildArith() def arithmetic(self, other, o): return o(self.num, other) def buildArith(self): map(lambda o: setattr(self, "__%s__"%o,lambda f: self.arithmetic(f, getattr(operator, o))), ["add", "sub", "mul", "div"]) if __name__=="__main__": number=IshyNum(5) print number+5 print number/2 print number*3 print number-3 But if I change the class to inherit from the dictionary (class IshyNum(dict):) it doesn't work. I need to explicitly def __add__(self, other) or whatever in order for this to work. Why?

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  • Conting of objects created in stack and heap for many classes

    - by viswanathan
    What is the best way to count the total number of objects created in both stack and heap for different classes. I know that in C++ new and delete operators can be overloaded and hence in the default constructor and destructor the object count can be incremented or decremented as and when the objects get created or destroyed. Further if i am to extend the same thing for object counting of objects of different classes, then i can create a dummy class and write the object count code in that class and then when i create any new class i can derive it from the Dummy class. Is there any other optimal solution to the same problem.

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  • Distance between hyperplanes

    - by michael dillard
    I'm trying to teach myself some machine learning, and have been using the MNIST database (http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/mnist/) do so. The author of that site wrote a paper in '98 on all different kinds of handwriting recognition techniques, available at http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/publis/pdf/lecun-98.pdf. The 10th method mentioned is a "Tangent Distance Classifier". The idea being that if you place each image in a (NxM)-dimensional vector space, you can compute the distance between two images as the distance between the hyperplanes formed by each where the hyperplane is given by taking the point, and rotating the image, rescaling the image, translating the image, etc. I can't figure out enough to fill in the missing details. I understand that most of these are indeed linear operators, so how does one use that fact to then create the hyperplane? And once we have a hyperplane, how do we take its distance with other hyperplanes?

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  • User Defined Class as a Template Parameter

    - by isurulucky
    Hi, I' m implementing a custom STL map. I need to make sure that any data type (basic or user defined) key will work with it. I declared the Map class as a template which has two parameters for the key and the value. My question is if I need to use a string as the key type, how can I overload the < and operators for string type keys only?? In template specialization we have to specialize the whole class with the type we need as I understand it. Is there any way I can do this in a better way?? What if I add a separate Key class and use it as the template type for Key? Thank You!!

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  • rails: has_many :through + polymorphism validation?

    - by ramonrails
    I am trying to achieve this. Any hints? A project has many users through join model A user has many projects through join model Admin class inherits User class. It also has some Admin specific stuff. Admin like inheritance for Supervisor and Operator Project has one Admin, One supervisor and many operators. Now I want to 1. submit data for project, admin, supervisor and operator in a single project form 2. validate all and show errors on the project form. Project has_many :users, :through = :projects_users User has_many :projects, :through = :projects_users ProjectsUser = :id integer, :user_id :integer, :project_id :integer, :user_type :string ProjectUser belongs_to :project, belongs_to :user, :polymorphic = true Admin < User Supervisor < User Operator < User Is the approach correct? Any and all suggestions are welcome.

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  • ASP.Net navigation tabs like windows tab control

    - by devphil
    I would like to have a webpage something like windows tab control. Each webpage does not lose the contents and data while moving between pages, postbacks, etc. Here is the website design and my idea: [Master Page] "Fruits" "Cars" "Animals" "Operators" clicking on "Fruits" will forwards to "Fruits" page, and the same for other links (tabs) The user works on "Fruits" page searching fruits, fill up some fields, etc. The user then moves to "Cars" page and then builds up his own car by filling some fields, etc and then the user goes back to "Fruits" page again - the user sees the same page where she/he left on "Fruits" page. Please suggest some good ways other than using javascript:history.go(-1). Is this possible to implement?

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  • Nonstatic conversion functions; Casting different types, e.g. DirectX vector to OpenGL vector

    - by Markus
    I am currently working on a game "engine" that needs to move values between a 3D engine, a physics engine and a scripting language. Since I need to apply vectors from the physics engine to 3D objects very often and want to be able to control both the 3D, as well as the physics objects through the scripting system, I need a mechanism to convert a vector of one type (e.g. vector3d<float>) to a vector of the other type (e.g. btVector3). Unfortunately I can make no assumptions on how the classes/structs are laid out, so a simple reinterpret_cast probably won't do. So the question is: Is there some sort of 'static'/non-member casting method to achieve basically this: vector3d<float> operator vector3d<float>(btVector3 vector) { // convert and return } btVector3 operator btVector3(vector3d<float> vector) { // convert and return } Right now this won't compile since casting operators need to be member methods. (error C2801: 'operator foo' must be a non-static member)

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  • how to structure code that uses std::rel_ops

    - by R Samuel Klatchko
    I was working on some code and wanted to make use of std::rel_ops. From what I can tell, you need to do using std::rel_ops to your source code to make use of them. But I'm not sure where the best place to put that is. Let's say I have a header file with a class that only defines the minimal operator== and operator<: // foo.h class foo { public: bool operator==(const foo &other) const; bool operator<(const foo &other) const; }; I'm not sure where to put using std::rel_ops. If I leave it out of the foo.h, then every user of foo.h needs to know the implementation detail that foo is not defining all the operators itself. But putting using std::rel_ops inside foo.h breaks the rule of thumb about not having a using in a header file. How do other people resolve this issue?

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  • VB.NET logical expression evaluator

    - by Tim
    I need to test a logical expression held in a string to see if it evaluate to TRUE or FALSE.(the strig is built dynamically) For example the resulting string may contain "'dog'<'cat' OR (14 AND 4<6)". There are no variables in the string, it will logically evaluate. It will only contain simple operators = < < = <= and AND , OR and Open and Close Brackets, string constants and numbers. (converted to correct syntax && || etc.) I currently acheive this by creating a jscipt function and compiling it into a .dll. I then reference the .dll in my VB.NET project. class ExpressionEvaluator { function Evaluate(Expression : String) { return eval(Expression); } } Is there a simpler method using built in .NET functions or Lamdba expressions.

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  • Creating LINQ to SQL for counting a parameter

    - by Matt
    I'm trying to translate a sql query into LINQ to SQL. I keep getting an error "sequence operators not supported for type 'system.string'" If I take out the distinct count part, it works. Is it not because I'm using the GROUP BY? SELECT COUNT(EpaValue) AS [Leak Count], Location, EpaValue AS [Leak Desc.] FROM ChartMes.dbo.RecourceActualEPA_Report WHERE (EpaName = N'LEAK1') AND (Timestamp) '20100429030000' GROUP BY EpaValue, Location ORDER BY Location, [Leak Count] DESC Dim temp = (From p In db2.RecourceActualEPA_Reports _ Where (p.Timestamp = str1stShiftStart) And (p.Timestamp < str2ndShiftCutoff) _ And (p.EpaName = "Leak1") _ Select p.EpaName.Distinct.Count(), p.Location, p.EpaValue)

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  • Semantic errors

    - by gautam kumar
    Can semantic errors be detected by the compiler or not? If not when do the errors get detected? As far as I know semantic errors are those errors which result from the expressions involving operators with incorrect number/type of operands. For example: n3=n1*n2;//n1 is integer, n2 is a string, n3 is an integer The above statement is semantically incorrect. But while reading C Primer Plus by Stephen Prata I found the following statement The compiler does not detect semantic errors, because they don't violate C rules. The compiler has no way of divining your true intentions. That leaves it to you to find these kinds of errors. One way is to compare what a program does to what you expected it to do. If not the compiler, who detects those errors? Am I missing something?

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