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• Fully FOSS EMail solution

  - by Ravi

  I am looking at various FOSS options to build a robust EMail solution for a government funded university. Commercial options are to be chosen only in the worst case scenario. Here are the requirements: Approx 1000-1500 users - Postfix or Exim? (Sendmail is out;-)) Mailing lists for different groups/Need web based archive - Mailman? Sympa? Centralised identity store - OpenLDAP? Fedora 389DS? Secure IMAP only - no POP3 required - Courier? Dovecot? Cyrus?? Anti Spam - SpamAssasin? what else? Calendaring - ?? webmail - good to have, not mandatory - needs to be very secure...so squirrelmail is out;-)? Other questions: What mailbox storage format to use? where to store? database/file system? Simple and effective HA options? Is there a web proxy equivalent to squid in the mail server world? software load balancers?CARP? Monitoring and alert? Backup? The govt wants to stimulate the local economy by buying hardware locally from whitebox vendors. Also local consultants and university students will do the integration. We looked at out-of-the-box integrated solutions like Axigen, Zimbra and GMail but each was ruled out in favour of a DIY approach in the hopes of full control over the data and avoiding vendor lockin - which i though was a smart thing to do. I wish more provincial governments in the developing world think of these sort of initiatives As for OS - Debian, FreeBSD would be first preference. Commercial OS's need not apply. CentOS as second tier option...

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• VMWare Setup with 2 Servers and a DAS (DELL MD3220)

  - by Kumala

  I am planning to use a VMWare based setup consisting of two VMWare servers (2 CPU, 256GB Memory) and a DAS (DELL MD3220 with 24x900GB disks). The virtual machines will be half running MS SQL databases (Application, Sharepoint, BI) and the other half of the VM will be file services, IIS. To enhance the capacity of the storage, we'll be adding a MD1220 enclosure with another 24x900GB to the MD3220. Both DAS will have 2 controllers. Our current measured IOPS is 1000 IOPS average, 7000 IOPS peak (those happen maybe twice per hour). We are in the planning phase now and are looking at the proper setup of the disks. The intention is to setup up both DAS one of the DAS with RAID 10 only and the other DAS with RAID 5. That will allow us to put the applications on the DAS that supports the application performance needs best. Question is how best to partition the two DASs to get best possible IOPS/MBps, each DAS will have to have 2 hot spares? For the RAID 5 Setup: Generally speaking, would it be better to have one single disk group across all 22 disks (24 - 2 hot spares) with both controllers assigned to the one disk group or is it better to have 2 disk groups each 11 disks, assigned to one of the two controllers? Same question for the RAID 10 setup: The plan is: 2 disks for logs (Raid 1), 2 Hotspare and 20 disks for RAID 10. Option 1: 5 * 4 disks (RAID 10), with two groups assigned to 1 controller and 3 groups to the other controller Option 2: One large RAID 10 across all the disks and have both controllers assigned to the same group? I would assume that there is no right or wrong, but it all depends very much on the specific application behaviour, so I am looking for some general ideas what the pros and cons are of the different options. IF there are other meaningful options, feel free to propose them.

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• Understanding RedHats recommended tuned profiles

  - by espenfjo

  We are going to roll out tuned (and numad) on ~1000 servers, the majority of them being VMware servers either on NetApp or 3Par storage. According to RedHats documentation we should choose the virtual-guestprofile. What it is doing can be seen here: tuned.conf We are changing the IO scheduler to NOOP as both VMware and the NetApp/3Par should do sufficient scheduling for us. However, after investigating a bit I am not sure why they are increasing vm.dirty_ratio and kernel.sched_min_granularity_ns. As far as I have understood increasing increasing vm.dirty_ratio to 40% will mean that for a server with 20GB ram, 8GB can be dirty at any given time unless vm.dirty_writeback_centisecsis hit first. And while flushing these 8GB all IO for the application will be blocked until the dirty pages are freed. Increasing the dirty_ratio would probably mean higher write performance at peaks as we now have a larger cache, but then again when the cache fills IO will be blocked for a considerably longer time (Several seconds). The other is why they are increasing the sched_min_granularity_ns. If I understand it correctly increasing this value will decrease the number of time slices per epoch(sched_latency_ns) meaning that running tasks will get more time to finish their work. I can understand this being a very good thing for applications with very few threads, but for eg. apache or other processes with a lot of threads would this not be counter-productive?

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• Multiple static WAN IP addresses to single LAN subnet

  - by Jessy Houle

  Below is my home network topology. I currently have 5 static IP addresses, 3 of which are in use by 3 routers. These routers in-turn subnet internal networks and port forward. I use my SSL VPN appliance to remote home from work or on the road. At this point I can remotely administer my Windows Server. I know the network is setup wrong, I was matching existing hardware the best I knew how. http://storage.jessyhoule.com.s3.amazonaws.com/network_topology.jpg Ok this said, here is the problem... One of my websites on my Windows Server now needs to be secure (SSL using port 443). However, I'm already port forwarding port 443 to my VPN appliance. Furthermore, if I'm going to have to reconfigure the network, I would really like to be able to use the SSL VPN to remotely administer all machines. I mentioned this to a friend of mine, who said that what I was looking for was a firewall. Explaining that a firewall would take in multiple static (WAN) IP addresses, and still allow all internal devices to be on the same network. So, basically, I could supply my SSL VPN appliance it's very own static (WAN) IP address routing, and yet have it on the same internal network (192.168.1.x) as all my other devices. The first question is... Does this sound right? Secondly, would you suggest anything different? And, finally, what is the cheapest way to do this? I am started down the road of downloading/installing untangle and smoothwall to see if they will do the job, hoping they take multiple static (WAN) IP addresses. Thank you in advance for your answers. -Jessy Houle

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• Virtual Fileserver

  - by Sergei

  Hi, We are planning to move our production servers to the datacenter and virtualize remaining servers in the process.Datacenter will have HP blades with vSphere on top.Currentliy we are using Celerra NS20 as fileserver.Since datacenter is using HP kit and EVA 4400 as SAN, we cannot have Celerra there, as EMC supoprt for Celerra does not work for non EMC array. I have searched for possible options and one of them was to have HP NAS blade X3800sb instead of Celerra.However this seems like overkill for me.We are only using Celerra for about 100 users and 50 servers and I think having X3800sb could be waste of resources. The other option would be to have a virtual fileserver as a part of vmware environment in datacenter.We only need CIFS to be provided.The only option I can think of is Windows Storage server.We had a bad expirience with Windows servers used as fileservers ( memory leaks one thing) in the past and this was one of the reasons we moved to Celerra. What are the other options?We need something as reliable as Celerra with as many options as possible.For example , Celerra has per folder quotas, deduplication, dynamic volume allocation, automatic failover, VTLU, replication. Also we would need to replicate NAS data to the failover site.We could use block level replication , SAN-to-SAN, but this would mean wasted bandwidth, as we need only subset of folders to be replicated.We used CA XSoft for windows servers in the past and Celerra has option for Celerra replication. Thank you very much in advance, Please ask me if I missed any details!

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• No clue for high load average on top

  - by Oz.

  We have several machines on Amazon (ec2) of the type c1.xlarge with 16 cpus, running the Amazon AMI. Details on the machine: 7 GB of memory 20 EC2 Compute Units (8 virtual cores with 2.5 EC2 Compute Units each) 1690 GB of instance storage 64-bit platform I/O Performance: High API name: c1.xlarge One out of the several machines is showing a high load average, since we have run the last yum upgrade a couple of weeks a go. We did not yet update the other machines, and everything looks normal on them. The strange thing is that the top command not showing any hint for the cause of the load. CPUs are 4.8%us, 1.1%sy, 0.0%ni, 94.1%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st(see below). Mem is about 1.5GB free. Any idea what could it be, or where else can we check? Many thanks for the help. # # top # top - 07:57:42 up 4:18, 1 user, load average: 1.36, 1.45, 1.47 Tasks: 131 total, 1 running, 130 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 4.8%us, 1.1%sy, 0.0%ni, 94.1%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 7120092k total, 5644920k used, 1475172k free, 532888k buffers Swap: 0k total, 0k used, 0k free, 3463936k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 1557 mysql 20 0 1829m 374m 6448 S 14.3 5.4 11:15.09 mysqld 6655 apache 20 0 416m 49m 3744 S 9.3 0.7 0:04.85 httpd 27683 apache 20 0 421m 54m 3708 S 9.0 0.8 0:00.99 httpd 6682 apache 20 0 424m 57m 3788 S 8.3 0.8 0:03.81 httpd 16816 apache 20 0 419m 51m 3760 S 4.3 0.7 0:04.09 httpd 22182 apache 20 0 417m 50m 3756 S 1.7 0.7 0:06.34 httpd 219 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:00.34 kworker/7:1 699 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:00.40 kworker/3:1 1 root 20 0 19376 1508 1212 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.29 init 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd 3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.71 ksoftirqd/0

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• Configuring ZenOSS to monitor CPU load

  - by Tom

  I'm trying test out monitoring tools for a network at work with a coworker but neither of us have ever used an sort of monitoring tools before. Currently we are experimenting with ZenOSS and having some difficulties. We want to populate our CPU load graphs because that is one of the primary feature we are looking for in our monitoring tools but we have been unable to populate the graphs with data. So far we have installed the wmipreformance, sqldatasource, wmidatasource, snmpperformance(simple) zenpacks and the machine we are trying to monitor is running Windows XP. We have tried to model the device and everything seems to run and we've tride to add data points to graphs but the only options we recieve for graphs are CPU and Memory. We are able to monitor services, ZenOSS recognizes the make and model of the processor, RAM, and Harddrive and is even giving us metrics on available storage but again, we are looking for performance metrics such as CPU load and Memory utilization. I realize I probably didn't provide a lot of information but that is because we don't have a very good idea of what we are doing and can't find instruction either on the ZenOSS homepage or forums to monitor CPU load. If someone could give us step by step instruction on how to set up CPU load monitoring that would probably be more beneficial to us than a diagnostic of our current setup, but regardless, if I left any important information out and you need it to answer the question, please let me know. Thank you.

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• Virus cleanup + dying drive = XP Automatic Updates crashing in esent.dll

  - by quack quixote

  Background I'm doing system recovery on an old WinXP SP1 system brought to me on suspicion of virus infection. After taking preliminary backups, I used MalwareBytes to detect and clean the infection. I might've even gotten it all. In the process, I've discovered (a) the system drive is showing signs of impending failure, and (b) the owner has been using the system's old crusty IE-6 instead of the up-to-date Firefox I've provided for him. So naturally, thinking I had a relatively stable system, I tried to hit the Windows Update site to install IE-8, in case further training doesn't stick. The update site told me it needed to update the installer, and I started that process. Soon after, wuauclt.exe started crashing, reporting addresses in module esent.dll. There's a Microsoft KB (910437) on a problem with that DLL, so I downloaded the hotfix and installed. The crashing did not stop. I attempted to install SP3 from the offline installer, but that didn't fix the issue either. The system is reporting a few hard drive / IDE controller errors, but they don't correlate to the crashes, so they aren't the direct cause. I've also attempted to rollback to the time between the infection removal and the first crashes, but that doesn't help. Question The hotfix I tried to install dealt with problem in transaction logs of the Extensible Storage Engine (ESE) database. I suspect this issue is similar, but that the database itself (whatever the ESE database is) is corrupted. Is there a way to clean or clear this database so that system operation returns to normal? Can someone enlighten me as to what the ESE database actually is, and where it resides? Can I just locate some files and delete them to bring this under control?

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• Why is it bad to map network drives in Windows?

  - by Beeblebrox

  There has been some spirited discussion within our IT department about mapping network drives. In particular, it has been said that mapping network drives is A Bad Thing and that adding DFS paths or network shares to your (Windows Explorer/Libraries) Favourites is a far better solution. Why is this the case? Personally I find the convenience of z:\folder to be better than \\server\path\folder', particularly with cmd line and scripting (of course I'm not talking about hard-coded links, naturally!). I have tried searching for pros and cons of mapped network drives, but I haven't seen anything other than 'should the network go down, the drive will be unavailable'. But this is a limitation of any network-accessed storage... I have also been told that mapped network drives poll the network when the network resource is unavailable, however I haven't found more information on this. Wouldn't this still be an issue with other network access mechanisms (that is, mapped Favourites) whenever Windows tries to enumerate the file system (for example, when a file/folder picker dialog is opened)? -- Do network drives poll the network any more than a Windows Explorer library/favourite?

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• What is the best way to connect a 3 switches with a router?

  - by Carlos Morales

  Hello everyone, I'm trying to rebuild the network from my work and I was thinking what is the best way to connect three switches and a router. The router has 4 ports so I thought to connect 2 switches to the router (each switch connected with 2 cables to the router) and then connect the third switch to one of the others with two cables. So is like this, two cables from switch one to the router, two cables from switch two to the router and two cables from switch 3 to switch 1 or 2. So my questions are: Is it better to connect the router to each switch with a cable or the more cables you have the better? If I connect the switch 3 to switch 1 or 2 is it better to connect it with a cable or you get better performance with more cables. If I'm wrong and there is a better or more efficient way to connect them please let me know. The router is a Netgear RP114 (I'll upgrade it to a Sonicwall NSA 240), switch 1 is a Netgear GS748T, switch 2 is a Cisco Catalyst 2924-XL and switch 3 is a D-link DGS-1024D Thank you very much

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• Drobo-like linux file server - how do I do it?

  - by John Hunt

  I've been pondering for a long time about how I can set up a server which operates much like the Drobo storage thing. The reasons I don't actually want a drobo is because I've heard scare stories, plus I'd like to do this on the cheap. So ideally I'm looking for something like lvm so I can create a logical volume that spans many hard disks of varying sizes... obviously that only offers redundancy if I put the LV on a raid array (as far as I know..) I have however been reading about technologies such as Microsoft's drive extender which duplicates files at the filesystem level and makes sure that the mirrored files are on a different phyiscal disk.. does anyone know or recommend a filesystem or method like this as it'll hopefully make much better use of the space available than raid ever could. Performance isn't an issue, I'd just really like to make the most of the hard disks I have lying around whilst having a bit of redundancy incase a disk dies. I understand full well that this is no replacement for a backup, but I'll only be storing files of medium importance and using the nas itself as a backup of my main pc and other systems. Thanks in advance! I'm hoping zfs or btrfs or something can do something clever for me :)

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• How to avoid index.php in Zend Framework route using Nginx rewrite

  - by Adam Benayoun

  I am trying to get rid of index.php from the default Zend Framework route. I think it should be corrected at the server level and not on the application. (Correct me if I am wrong, but I think doing it on the server side is more efficient). I run Nginx 0.7.1 and php-fpm 5.3.3 This is my nginx configuration server { listen *:80; server_name domain; root /path/to/http; index index.php; client_max_body_size 30m; location / { try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args; } location /min { try_files $uri $uri/ /min/index.php?q=; } location /blog { try_files $uri $uri/ /blog/index.php; } location /apc { try_files $uri $uri/ /apc.php$args; } location ~ \.php { include /usr/local/etc/nginx/conf.d/params/fastcgi_params_local; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $http_host; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; } location ~* ^.+\.(ht|svn)$ { deny all; } # Static files location location ~* ^.+\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|css|zip|tgz|gz|rar|bz2|doc|xls|exe|pdf|ppt|txt|tar|mid|midi|wav|bmp|rtf|js)$ { expires max; } } Basically www.domain.com/index.php/path/to/url and www.domain.com/path/to/url serves the same content. I'd like to fix this using nginx rewrite. Any help will be appreciated.

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• Xen domain migration locking problem

  - by brodie

  I am trying to live migrate a VM (domain) between two Xen servers. I have xen locking (xend-domain-lock = yes) configured with a ocfs2 shared storage between them. This locking is working fine. If I try to start up the VM on the secondary server it refuses to start (which is correct). The problem I am having is when trying to do live migration, it seems like it is trying to remove the lock twice. The first lock it removes is for "domain test", the second is for "migrating-test" which does not exist. Should their be a lock for this "migrating-test" VM? These are the relevant options in the xen config file: (xend-relocation-server yes) (xend-relocation-port 8002) (xend-relocation-address '') (xend-relocation-hosts-allow '') (xend-domain-lock yes) (xend-domain-lock-path /var/lib/xen/lock) This is the section of the log: [2010-06-10 10:45:57 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:4054) Releasing lock for domain test [2010-06-10 10:45:57 14488] INFO (XendCheckpoint:474) SUSPEND shinfo 000c6ceb [2010-06-10 10:45:57 14488] INFO (XendCheckpoint:474) delta 21ms, dom0 95%, target 0%, sent 57Mb/s, dirtied 173Mb/s 111 pages 4: sent 111, skipped 0, delta 6ms, dom0 100%, target 0%, sent 606Mb/s, dirtied 606Mb/s 111 pages [2010-06-10 10:45:57 14488] INFO (XendCheckpoint:474) Total pages sent= 131295 (0.99x) [2010-06-10 10:45:57 14488] INFO (XendCheckpoint:474) (of which 0 were fixups) [2010-06-10 10:45:57 14488] INFO (XendCheckpoint:474) All memory is saved [2010-06-10 10:45:57 14488] INFO (XendCheckpoint:474) Save exit rc=0 [2010-06-10 10:45:57 14488] INFO (XendCheckpoint:123) Domain 22 suspended. [2010-06-10 10:45:57 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2757) XendDomainInfo.destroy: domid=22 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2227) Destroying device model [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] INFO (image:567) migrating-test device model terminated [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2234) Releasing devices [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2247) Removing vif/0 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:1137) XendDomainInfo.destroyDevice: deviceClass = vif, device = vif/0 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2247) Removing vkbd/0 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:1137) XendDomainInfo.destroyDevice: deviceClass = vkbd, device = vkbd/0 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2247) Removing console/0 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:1137) XendDomainInfo.destroyDevice: deviceClass = console, device = console/0 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2247) Removing vbd/51712 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:1137) XendDomainInfo.destroyDevice: deviceClass = vbd, device = vbd/51712 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:2247) Removing vfb/0 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:1137) XendDomainInfo.destroyDevice: deviceClass = vfb, device = vfb/0 [2010-06-10 10:45:58 14488] DEBUG (XendDomainInfo:4054) Releasing lock for domain migrating-test [2010-06-10 10:45:59 14488] ERROR (XendDomainInfo:4070) Failed to remove unmanaged directory /var/lib/xen/lock/b01515ae-9173-03cb-0cb7-06f3dfbede8b.

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• Mysqld increases the load on the CPU and drops after flush-tables

  - by mirage

  Help please advice on the issue. Normal load on the cpu 20-30% us + sy. After restoring the database files from the slave server (same version) began a periodic problem. mysql starts to load the cpu at 100% (us + sy grows proportionally). The queue is growing, everything slows down. But with mysqladmin flush-tables are normalized for a few hours. Dedicated linux server running mysql 2 x E5506 24Gb RAM, database size 50Gb. [OK] Currently running supported MySQL version 5.0.51a-24 + lenny4-log [OK] Operating on 64-bit architecture -------- Storage Engine Statistics --------------------------------------- ---- [-] Status: + Archive-BDB-Federated + InnoDB-ISAM-NDBCluster [-] Data in MyISAM tables: 33G (Tables: 1474) [-] Data in InnoDB tables: 1G (Tables: 4) [-] Data in MEMORY tables: 120K (Tables: 3) [-] Reads / Writes: 91% / 9% [-] Total buffers: 12.8M per thread and 7.1G global [OK] Maximum possible memory usage: 15.8G (66% of installed RAM) 4000 - 5500 rps key_buffer = 1536M max_allowed_packet = 2M table_cache = 4096 sort_buffer_size = 409584 read_buffer_size = 128K read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M thread_cache_size = 500 query_cache_size = 100M thread_concurrency = 24 max_connections = 700 tmp_table_size = 4096M join_buffer_size = 4M max_heap_table_size = 4096M query_cache_limit = 1M low_priority_updates = 1 concurrent_insert = 2 wait_timeout = 30 server-id = 1 log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log expire_logs_days = 10 max_binlog_size = 100M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1536M innodb_log_buffer_size = 4M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 How to solve the problem?

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• Can a pool of memcache daemons be used to share sessions more efficiently?

  - by Tom

  We are moving from a 1 webserver setup to a two webserver setup and I need to start sharing PHP sessions between the two load balanced machines. We already have memcached installed (and started) and so I was pleasantly surprized that I could accomplish sharing sessions between the new servers by changing only 3 lines in the php.ini file (the session.save_handler and session.save_path): I replaced: session.save_handler = files with: session.save_handler = memcache Then on the master webserver I set the session.save_path to point to localhost: session.save_path="tcp://localhost:11211" and on the slave webserver I set the session.save_path to point to the master: session.save_path="tcp://192.168.0.1:11211" Job done, I tested it and it works. But... Obviously using memcache means the sessions are in RAM and will be lost if a machine is rebooted or the memcache daemon crashes - I'm a little concerned by this but I am a bit more worried about the network traffic between the two webservers (especially as we scale up) because whenever someone is load balanced to the slave webserver their sessions will be fetched across the network from the master webserver. I was wondering if I could define two save_paths so the machines look in their own session storage before using the network. For example: Master: session.save_path="tcp://localhost:11211, tcp://192.168.0.2:11211" Slave: session.save_path="tcp://localhost:11211, tcp://192.168.0.1:11211" Would this successfully share sessions across the servers AND help performance? i.e save network traffic 50% of the time. Or is this technique only for failovers (e.g. when one memcache daemon is unreachable)? Note: I'm not really asking specifically about memcache replication - more about whether the PHP memcache client can peak inside each memcache daemon in a pool, return a session if it finds one and only create a new session if it doesn't find one in all the stores. As I'm writing this I'm thinking I'm asking a bit much from PHP, lol... Assume: no sticky-sessions, round-robin load balancing, LAMP servers.

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• Solaris 10: How to image a machine?

  - by nonot1

  I've got a Solaris 10 workstation that I'd like to create a full image backup from. The machine has 2 drives, one UFS for system root, and 1 ZFS for data storage. I intend to add a third HD to keep the backup images of both primary drives (including any zfs snapshots). The purpose is not disaster recovery, but rather to allow me to easily blow away a series of application installation/configuration changes I intend to try. What's the best way to do this? I'm not too familiar with Solaris, but have some basic Linux knowledge. I looked at CloneZilla, but it does not support Solaris. I'm OK with just a dd | gzip > image style solution, but I'd need some way to first zero-out the non-used blocks on the primary drives to aid gzip. They are are much larger than my 3rd drive, but hardly have any real data. Update to clarify: I specifically want to avoid using any file-system snapshot functionality, because part of the app configuration changes involve/depend slightly on existing and new snapshots. Ideally the full collection of snapshots should be part of the backup. Virtualization not an option, because the goal is to do performance evaluation on a very specific HW configuration. For the same reason, the spurious "back up" snapshots could skew performance data. Thank you

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• What is the best way to connect 3 switches with a router?

  - by Carlos Morales

  Hello everyone, I'm trying to rebuild the network from my work and I was thinking what is the best way to connect three switches and a router. The router has 4 ports so I thought to connect 2 switches to the router (each switch connected with 2 cables to the router) and then connect the third switch to one of the others with two cables. So is like this, two cables from switch one to the router, two cables from switch two to the router and two cables from switch 3 to switch 1 or 2. So my questions are: Is it better to connect the router to each switch with a cable or the more cables you have the better? If I connect the switch 3 to switch 1 or 2 is it better to connect it with a cable or you get better performance with more cables. If I'm wrong and there is a better or more efficient way to connect them please let me know. The router is a Netgear RP114 (I'll upgrade it to a Sonicwall NSA 240), switch 1 is a Netgear GS748T, switch 2 is a Cisco Catalyst 2924-XL and switch 3 is a D-link DGS-1024D Thank you very much

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• SBD killing both cluster nodes when there are even small SAN network problems

  - by Wieslaw Herr

  I am having problems with stonith SBD in a openais-based cluster. Some background: The active/passive cluster has two nodes, node1 and node2. They are configured to provide an NFS service to users. To avoid problems with split-brain, they are both configured to use SBD. SBD is using two 1MB disks available to the hosts via an multipath fibre-channel network. The problems start if something happens with the SAN network. For example, today one of the brocade switches got rebooted and both nodes lost 2 out of 4 paths to each disks, which resulted in both nodes committing suicide and rebooting. This, of course, was highly undesirable because a) there were paths left b) even if the switch would be out for 10-20 seconds a reboot cycle of both nodes would take 5-10 minutes and all NFS-locks would be lost. I tried increasing the SBD timeout values (to 10sec+ values, dump attached at the end), however a "WARN: Latency: No liveness for 4 s exceeds threshold of 3 s" hints that something isn't working as I would it expect to. Here is what I would like to know: a) Is SBD working as it should killing nodes when 2 paths are available? b) If not, is the multipath.conf file attached correct? The storage controller we use is an IBM SVC (IBM 2145), should there be any specific configuration for it? (as in multipath.conf.defaults) c) How should I go about increasing the timeouts in SBD attachements: Multipath.conf and sbd dump (http://hpaste.org/69537)

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• Can I trick Carbonite into backing up an external hard drive?

  - by Brian

  I use Carbonite to back up my PC (Windows XP). We were running low on disk space on our home PC (down to 15 GB), so I went out and purchased an external hard drive. However, Carbonite will not back it up. Is it possible to set up Carbonite to backup an external hard drive? I just want the external drive to be extra disk space. From their FAQ: The current version of Carbonite backs up only the files that reside on permanent hard drives on your computer. It will not back up network drives, external drives, and NAS (network accessed storage) drives. If there are files on a remote drive that you wish to include in your Carbonite backup, you should copy the files to a folder on your local hard drive. If the files are on a shared network drive, you could install Carbonite on the computer on which the network shared drive physically exists, and back the files up directly from that computer. Check back soon for a Carbonite service plan that will allow you to back up your external drives.

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• Anonymous access to SMB share hosted on Server 2008 R2 Enterprise

  - by bwerks

  Hi all, First off, I have read through this post and a whole slew of non-SF posts which seem to address the same or a similar problem, however I was still unable to fix my problem. I've got three machines in this situation: a domain-joined server that runs Server 2008 R2 Enterprise ("share server") a domain-joined workstation running XP Pro SP3 ("test server") a domain-unjoined test server running Server 2003 R2 SP2 ("workstation") The share server is exposing a share on the network that the test server must access--it's a Source/Symbol Server share for our debugging purposes. I believe visual studio simply accesses the the share with its own credentials in this case, meaning that the share must be accessible anonymously since the test server isn't joined to the domain and there's no opportunity to supply domain authentication. I've attempted a lot of things to avoid the authentication window when accessing the share: I've enabled the Guest account on the share server and given Guest full sharing/NTFS permissions for the share. I've given ANONYMOUS LOGON full sharing/NTFS permissions for the share. I've added my share to “Network Access: Shares that can be accessed anonymously” in LSP. I've disabled “Network access: Restrict anonymous access to Named Pipes and Shares” in LSP. I've enabled “Network access: Let Everyone permissions apply to anonymous users” in LSP. Added ANONYMOUS LOGON to “Access this computer from the network” in LSP. Added the Guest account to “Access this computer from the network” in LSP. Attempted to provision the share using the Share and Storage Management MMC snap-in. Unfortunately when I attempt to access the share from the test server, I still see the prompt and I'm forced to enter "Guest" manually. I also tried this workflow using the local administrator account on a workstation, and the same thing happens both with and without XP Simple File Sharing enabled. Any idea why I'm getting these results, or what I should have done differently?

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• AWS own email domain and some generic questions

  - by John Brunner

  I'm getting started with Amazon Web Services and I have a few question I'm not sure about. As every (company) webpage I want to use an "[email protected]" email adress, but how is that done? I looked up at godaddy.com (for domain registration), the offer me an email adress like I want, but for 3 dollars per month. Is this possible with AWS? Because at AWS you have just a complex domain which is not very userfriendly or serious. Also I want to host my dynamic webpage on the amazon cloud, but I'm not sure if I'm doing that right. I've read many guides, and all I know is that I have to purchase a Elastic Compute Cloud, and a Simple Storage Service... and every guide is working with the basic linux package, why not Windows? Is it more expensive? I just want to host a mySQL Server for the dynamic webpage, which is reached over a normal domain. And one last question, if I sign up for an AWS account it asks me for an email account. But I found it a little bit unserious to write there my free-webmailer-adress... How is it done the normal way? Thanks in advance! Best regards, john.

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• Homebrew large data cluster access for 2 user levels?

  - by Yegor

  The title probably makes little sense, so here is an example. I have a file hosting site, that serves a large amount of semi-randomly accessed files. The setup is as follows: High horsepower front-end +DB server that also does encoding for files that need encoding Fresh file server, which stores newly uploaded content, thats probably (and usually) rapidly accessible, which has 500GB of raided SSD storage, that can push over 3GBit of traffic. 3 cheap node servers, containing 2 x 750GB SATA drives in raid1, where files older than 2 weeks are archived, from the SSD server (mentioned above). Files on each server are accessed via subdomains (via modsec) in a straight forward fashion (server1.domain.com, server2.domain.com, etc) Where I have the problem is this. I introduced a "premium" service where people pay a small fee every month, and get ad-free, quick accesses to stuff on the site. Once they are logged in, they access same files via premium.server1.domain.com via a different modsec script, with a different pass phrase. That all works fine and dandy.... except the cheap node servers are all IO bound, so accessing the files on them via a different, unsaturated network makes no difference, since it cannot read off the drive fast enough. What would be a good way to make files on the site be accessible via 2 different network routes, 1 of which will be saturated (the "free network") while all other files are on an un-saturated "premium" network?

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• Show full URI/URL in Chrome's developer tools Network tab

  - by Lev

  When using Chrome to debug, I find it incredibly difficult to be efficient due to the fact that I don't see how I can force the "Network" tab of the developer tools to show the full request URI. It will show the full URI if you hover the link and wait a second, but this is incredibly counterproductive. All of my AJAX requests are sent to ajax.php, and handled by using query string arguments, like: ajax.php?do=profile-set ajax.php?do=game-save ... etc. Since I use AJAX extensively, my network tab is filled with "ajax.php", but I have to manually hover each and every entry to find the request I am looking for. Surely there has got to be another way!? I am constantly fed up by something new in Firefox and immediately force myself back into Chrome, but it is always the developer tools in Chrome that keep me from using it for an extended period of time. Hopefully I can find out how to do this so I can continue using Chrome as my numero uno. I've provided a screen shot to show you where I mean:

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• Debian: What are these files in /sys/devices/pci0000:00/ for?

  - by muhuk

  I am running Debian Squeeze on an MSI M670 laptop. I have these following files on my root drive, each 256MB: file:///sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:05.0/resource1 file:///sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:05.0/resource1_wc Here is my lspci output: muhuk@debian:~$ lspci 00:00.0 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation C51 Host Bridge (rev a2) 00:00.2 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation C51 Memory Controller 1 (rev a2) 00:00.3 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation C51 Memory Controller 5 (rev a2) 00:00.4 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation C51 Memory Controller 4 (rev a2) 00:00.5 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation C51 Host Bridge (rev a2) 00:00.6 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation C51 Memory Controller 3 (rev a2) 00:00.7 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation C51 Memory Controller 2 (rev a2) 00:03.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation C51 PCI Express Bridge (rev a1) 00:05.0 VGA compatible controller: nVidia Corporation C51 [GeForce Go 6100] (rev a2) 00:09.0 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation MCP51 Host Bridge (rev a2) 00:0a.0 ISA bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP51 LPC Bridge (rev a3) 00:0a.1 SMBus: nVidia Corporation MCP51 SMBus (rev a3) 00:0a.3 Co-processor: nVidia Corporation MCP51 PMU (rev a3) 00:0b.0 USB Controller: nVidia Corporation MCP51 USB Controller (rev a3) 00:0b.1 USB Controller: nVidia Corporation MCP51 USB Controller (rev a3) 00:0d.0 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP51 IDE (rev a1) 00:0e.0 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP51 Serial ATA Controller (rev a1) 00:0f.0 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP51 Serial ATA Controller (rev a1) 00:10.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP51 PCI Bridge (rev a2) 00:10.1 Audio device: nVidia Corporation MCP51 High Definition Audio (rev a2) 00:14.0 Bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP51 Ethernet Controller (rev a3) 00:18.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] HyperTransport Technology Configuration 00:18.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Address Map 00:18.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] DRAM Controller 00:18.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Miscellaneous Control 04:04.0 FireWire (IEEE 1394): O2 Micro, Inc. Firewire (IEEE 1394) (rev 02) 04:04.2 SD Host controller: O2 Micro, Inc. Integrated MMC/SD Controller (rev 01) 04:04.3 Mass storage controller: O2 Micro, Inc. Integrated MS/xD Controller (rev 01) 04:09.0 Network controller: RaLink RT2561/RT61 rev B 802.11g I am speculating these have something to do with the shared RAM my GPU is using. But why a file on disk? And why two of them?

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• Loading a big database dump into PostgreSQL using cat

  - by RussH

  I have a pair of very large (~17 GB) database dumps that I want to load into postgresql 9.3. After installing the database packages, learning more or less how to use them, and fiddling around a little on various StackExchange pages (particularly this question), it looks like a proper command for me to use is something like: cat mydb.pgdump | psql mydb because of the format the dump is in. My machine has 16 GB of RAM, and I'm not familiar with the cat command but I do know that my RAM is 99% exhausted and the database is taking a while to load. My machine isn't non-responsive to the point of hanging; I can run other commands in other terminal windows and have them execute at a reasonable clip, but I am wondering if cat is the best way to pipe in the file or if something else is more efficient? My concern is that maybe cat could be using up all the RAM so the database doesn't have much to work with, throttling its performance. But I'm new to thinking about RAM issues like this and don't know if I'm worrying about nothing. Now that I think about it, this seems to be more of a question about cat and its memory usage than anything else. If there is a more appropriate forum for this question please let me know. Thanks!

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