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  • Implementing Light Volume Front Faces

    - by cubrman
    I recently read an article about light indexed deferred rendering from here: http://code.google.com/p/lightindexed-deferredrender/ It explains its ideas in a clear way, but there was one point that I failed to understand. It in fact is one of the most interesting ones, as it explains how to implement transparency with this approach: Typically when rendering light volumes in deferred rendering, only surfaces that intersect the light volume are marked and lit. This is generally accomplished by a “shadow volume like” technique of rendering back faces – incrementing stencil where depth is greater than – then rendering front faces and only accepting when depth is less than and stencil is not zero. By only rendering front faces where depth is less than, all future lookups by fragments in the forward rendering pass will get all possible lights that could hit the fragment. Can anyone explain how exactly you need to render only front faces? Another question is why do you need the front faces at all? Why can't we simply render all the lights and store the ones that overlap at this pixel in a texture? Does this approach serves as a cut-off plane to discard lights blocked by opaque geometry?

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  • Rotation based on x coordinate and x velocity?

    - by Lewis
    -(void) accelerometer:(UIAccelerometer *)accelerometer didAccelerate:(UIAcceleration *)acceleration { float deceleration = 0.3f, sensitivity = 8.0f, maxVelocity = 150; // adjust velocity based on current accelerometer acceleration playerVelocity.x = playerVelocity.x * deceleration + acceleration.x * sensitivity; // we must limit the maximum velocity of the player sprite, in both directions (positive & negative values) playerVelocity.x = fmaxf(fminf(playerVelocity.x, maxVelocity), -maxVelocity); } Hi, I want to rotate my sprite based on the velocity and accelerometer input. My sprite can move along the X axis like so: <--------- sprite ----------- But it always faces forwards, if it is moving left I want it to point slightly to the left, the degree of how far it is pointing to be judged from the velocity. This should also work for the right. I tried using atan but as the y velocity and position is always the same the function returns 0, which doesn't rotate it at all. Any ideas? Regards, Lewis.

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  • Model View Control Issue: Null Pointer Initialization Question

    - by David Dimalanta
    Good morning again. This is David. Please, I need an urgent help regarding control model view where I making a code that uniquely separating into groups: An Activity Java Class to Display the Interface A View and Function Java Class for Drawing Cards and Display it on the Activity Class The problem is that the result returns a Null Pointer Exception. I have initialize for the ID for Text View and Image View. Under this class "draw_deck.java". Please help me. Here's my code for draw_deck.java: package com.bodapps.inbetween.model; import android.content.Context; import android.view.View; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.TextView; import com.bodapps.inbetween.R; public class draw_deck extends View { public TextView count_label; public ImageView draw_card; private int count; public draw_deck(Context context) { super(context); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub //I have initialized two widgets for ID. I still don't get it why I got forced closed by Null Pointer Exception thing. draw_card = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.IV_Draw_Card); count_label = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.Text_View_Count_Card); } public void draw(int s, int c, String strSuit, String strValue, Pile pile, Context context) { //super(context); //Just printing the card drawn from pile int suit, value = 1; draw_card = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.IV_Draw_Card); count_label = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.Text_View_Count_Card); Card card; if(!pile.isEmpty()) //Setting it to IF statement displays the card one by one. { card = pile.drawFromPile(); //Need to check first if card is null. if (card != null) { //draws an extra if (card != null) { //Get suit of card to print out. suit = card.getSuit(); switch (suit) { case CardInfo.DIAMOND: strSuit = "DIAMOND"; s=0; break; case CardInfo.HEART: strSuit = "HEART"; s=1; break; case CardInfo.SPADE: strSuit = "SPADE"; s=2; break; case CardInfo.CLUB: strSuit = "CLUB"; s=3; break; } //Get value of card to print out. value = card.getValue(); switch (value) { case CardInfo.ACE: strValue = "ACE"; c=0; break; case CardInfo.TWO: c=1; break; case CardInfo.THREE: strValue = "THREE"; c=2; break; case CardInfo.FOUR: strValue = "FOUR"; c=3; break; case CardInfo.FIVE: strValue = "FIVE"; c=4; break; case CardInfo.SIX: strValue = "SIX"; c=4; break; case CardInfo.SEVEN: strValue = "SEVEN"; c=4; break; case CardInfo.EIGHT: strValue = "EIGHT"; c=4; break; case CardInfo.NINE: strValue = "NINE"; c=4; break; case CardInfo.TEN: strValue = "TEN"; c=4; break; case CardInfo.JACK: strValue = "JACK"; c=4; break; case CardInfo.QUEEN: strValue = "QUEEN"; c=4; break; case CardInfo.KING: strValue = "KING"; c=4; break; } } } }// //Below two lines of code, this is where issued the Null Pointer Exception. draw_card.setImageResource(deck[s][c]); count_label.setText(new StringBuilder(strValue).append(" of ").append(strSuit).append(String.valueOf(" " + count++)).toString()); } //Choice of Suits in a Deck public Integer[][] deck = { //Array Group 1 is [0][0] (No. of Cards: 4 - DIAMOND) { R.drawable.card_dummy_1, R.drawable.card_dummy_2, R.drawable.card_dummy_4, R.drawable.card_dummy_5, R.drawable.card_dummy_3 }, //Array Group 2 is [1][0] (No. of Cards: 4 - HEART) { R.drawable.card_dummy_1, R.drawable.card_dummy_2, R.drawable.card_dummy_4, R.drawable.card_dummy_5, R.drawable.card_dummy_3 }, //Array Group 3 is [2][0] (No. of Cards: 4 - SPADE) { R.drawable.card_dummy_1, R.drawable.card_dummy_2, R.drawable.card_dummy_4, R.drawable.card_dummy_5, R.drawable.card_dummy_3 }, //Array Group 4 is [3][0] (No. of Cards: 4 - CLUB) { R.drawable.card_dummy_1, R.drawable.card_dummy_2, R.drawable.card_dummy_4, R.drawable.card_dummy_5, R.drawable.card_dummy_3 }, }; } And this one of the activity class, Player_Mode_2.java: package com.bodapps.inbetween; import java.util.Random; import android.app.Activity; import android.app.Dialog; import android.content.Context; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast; import com.bodapps.inbetween.model.Card; import com.bodapps.inbetween.model.Pile; import com.bodapps.inbetween.model.draw_deck; /* * * Public class for Two-Player mode. * */ public class Player_Mode_2 extends Activity { //Image Views private ImageView draw_card; private ImageView player_1; private ImageView player_2; private ImageView icon; //Buttons private Button set_deck; //Edit Texts private EditText enter_no_of_decks; //text Views private TextView count_label; //Integer Data Types private int no_of_cards, count; private int card_multiplier; //Contexts final Context context = this; //Pile Model public Pile pile; //Card Model public Card card; //create View @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.play_2_player_mode); //-----[ Search for Views ]----- //Initialize for Image View draw_card = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.IV_Draw_Card); player_1 = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.IV_Player_1_Card); player_2 = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.IV_Player_2_Card); //Initialize for Text view or Label count_label = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.Text_View_Count_Card); //-----[ Adding Values ]----- //Integer Values count = 0; no_of_cards = 0; //-----[ Adding Dialog ]----- //Initializing Dialog final Dialog deck_dialog = new Dialog(context); deck_dialog.setContentView(R.layout.dialog); deck_dialog.setTitle("Deck Dialog"); //-----[ Initializing Views for Dialog's Contents ]----- //Initialize for Edit Text enter_no_of_decks = (EditText) deck_dialog.findViewById(R.id.Edit_Text_Set_Number_of_Decks); //Initialize for Button set_deck = (Button) deck_dialog.findViewById(R.id.Button_Deck); //-----[ Setting onClickListener() ]----- //Set Event Listener for Image view draw_card.setOnClickListener(new Draw_Card_Model()); //Set Event Listener for Setting the Deck set_deck.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View v) { if(card_multiplier <= 8) { //Use "Integer.parseInt()" method to instantly convert from String to int value. card_multiplier = Integer.parseInt(enter_no_of_decks.getText().toString()); //Shuffling cards... pile = new Pile(card_multiplier); //Multiply no. of decks //Dismiss or close the dialog. deck_dialog.dismiss(); } else { Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Please choose a number from 1 to 8.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } } }); //Show dialog. deck_dialog.show(); } //Shuffling the Array public void Shuffle_Cards(Integer[][] Shuffle_Deck) { Random random = new Random(); for(int i = Shuffle_Deck[no_of_cards].length - 1; i >=0; i--) { int Index = random.nextInt(i + 1); //Simple Swapping Integer swap = Shuffle_Deck[card_multiplier-1][Index]; Shuffle_Deck[card_multiplier-1][Index] = Shuffle_Deck[card_multiplier-1][i]; Shuffle_Deck[card_multiplier-1][i] = swap; } } //Private Class for Random Card Draw private class Draw_Card_Model implements OnClickListener { public void onClick(View v) { //Just printing the card drawn from pile int suit = 0, value = 0; String strSuit = "", strValue = ""; draw_deck draw = new draw_deck(context); //This line is where issued the Null Pointer Exception. if (count == card_multiplier*52) { // A message shows up when all cards are draw out. Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "All cards have been used up.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); draw_card.setEnabled(false); } else { draw.draw(suit, value, strSuit, strValue, pile, context); count_label.setText(count); //This is where I got force closed error, although "int count" have initialized the number. This was supposed to accept in the setText() method. count++; } } } } Take note that the issues on Null Pointer Exception is the Image View and the Edit Text. I got to test it. Thanks. If you have any info about my question, let me know it frankly.

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  • Unity3D: default parameters in C# script

    - by Heisenbug
    Accordingly to this thread, it seems that default parameters aren't supported by C# script in Unity3D environment. Declaring an optional parameter in a C# scirpt makes Mono Ide complaint about it: void Foo(int first, int second = 10) // this line is marked as wrong inside Mono IDE Anyway if I ignore the error message of Mono and run the script in Unity, it works without notify any error inside Unity Console. Could anyone clarify a little bit this issue? Particularly: Are default parameters allowed inside C# scripts? If yes, are they supported by all platforms? Why Mono complains about them if the actually works?

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  • Why does glGetString returns a NULL string

    - by snape
    I am trying my hands at GLFW library. I have written a basic program to get OpenGL renderer and vendor string. Here is the code #include <GL/glew.h> #include <GL/glfw.h> #include <cstdio> #include <cstdlib> #include <string> using namespace std; void shutDown(int returnCode) { printf("There was an error in running the code with error %d\n",returnCode); GLenum res = glGetError(); const GLubyte *errString = gluErrorString(res); printf("Error is %s\n", errString); glfwTerminate(); exit(returnCode); } int main() { // start GL context and O/S window using GLFW helper library if (glfwInit() != GL_TRUE) shutDown(1); if (glfwOpenWindow(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, GLFW_WINDOW) != GL_TRUE) shutDown(2); // start GLEW extension handler glewInit(); // get version info const GLubyte* renderer = glGetString (GL_RENDERER); // get renderer string const GLubyte* version = glGetString (GL_VERSION); // version as a string printf("Renderer: %s\n", renderer); printf("OpenGL version supported %s\n", version); // close GL context and any other GLFW resources glfwTerminate(); return 0; } I googled this error and found out that we have to initialize the OpenGL context before calling glGetString(). Although I have initialized OpenGL context using glfwInit() but still the function returns a NULL string. Any ideas? Edit I have updated the code with error checking mechanisms. This code on running outputs the following There was an error in running the code with error 2 Error is no error

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  • DirectWrite Producing Strange Artifacts?

    - by smoth190
    I've written the basis to my UI system around Direct2D. I like it because it's fast and easy to use (even if I had to do some messy work to get it to work with DirectX11). However, I notice when using DirectWrite I'm getting strange problems with my text. As you can see, the e is a little screwwed up, and it overall looks a little bumpy. This only happens with certain fonts in certain sizes, and with certain arrangements of letters. This particular example is Verdana in size 16.0 font. Can I fix this? It's pretty annoying to change all my words and fonts because of this problem.

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  • SlimDX Texture2D from DataRectangle array

    - by Rebekah Bryant
    I'm totally new to DirectX. I'm using SlimDX to create a texture consisting of 13046 DataRectangles. Here's my code. It's breaking on the Texture2D constructor with "E_INVALIDARG: An invalid parameter was passed to the returning function (-2147024809)." inParms is just a struct containing handle to a Panel. public Renderer(Parameters inParms, ref DataRectangle[] inShapes) { Texture2DDescription description = new Texture2DDescription() { Width = 500, Height = 500, MipLevels = 1, ArraySize = inShapes.Length, Format = Format.R32G32B32_Float, SampleDescription = new SampleDescription(1, 0), Usage = ResourceUsage.Default, BindFlags = BindFlags.RenderTarget | BindFlags.ShaderResource, CpuAccessFlags = CpuAccessFlags.None, OptionFlags = ResourceOptionFlags.None }; SwapChainDescription chainDescription = new SwapChainDescription() { BufferCount = 1, IsWindowed = true, Usage = Usage.RenderTargetOutput, ModeDescription = new ModeDescription(0, 0, new Rational(60, 1), Format.R8G8B8A8_UNorm), SampleDescription = new SampleDescription(1, 0), Flags = SwapChainFlags.None, OutputHandle = inParms.Handle, SwapEffect = SwapEffect.Discard }; Device.CreateWithSwapChain(DriverType.Hardware, DeviceCreationFlags.None, chainDescription, out mDevice, out mSwapChain); Texture2D texture = new Texture2D(Device, description, inShapes); } EDIT: Running with the Debug flag set, I got: D3D11 ERROR: ID3D11Device::CreateTexture2D: The format (0x6, R32G32B32_FLOAT) cannot be bound as a RenderTarget, or cast to a format that could be bound as a RenderTarget. This is because the current graphics implementation does not even support this Format. Therefore this format does not support D3D11_BIND_RENDER_TARGET. Use CheckFormatSupport to check Format support. [ STATE_CREATION ERROR #92: CREATETEXTURE2D_UNSUPPORTEDFORMAT] D3D11 ERROR: ID3D11Device::CreateTexture2D: Returning E_INVALIDARG, meaning invalid parameters were passed. [ STATE_CREATION ERROR #104: CREATETEXTURE2D_INVALIDARG_RETURN]

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  • How can I test if my rotated rectangle intersects a corner?

    - by Raven Dreamer
    I have a square, tile-based collision map. To check if one of my (square) entities is colliding, I get the vertices of the 4 corners, and test those 4 points against my collision map. If none of those points are intersecting, I know I'm good to move to the new position. I'd like to allow entities to rotate. I can still calculate the 4 corners of the square, but once you factor in rotation, those 4 corners alone don't seem to be enough information to determine if the entity is trying to move to a valid state. For example: In the picture below, black is unwalkable terrain, and red is the player's hitbox. The left scenario is allowed because the 4 corners of the red square are not in the black terrain. The right scenario would also be (incorrectly) allowed, because the player, cleverly turned at a 45* angle, has its corners in valid spaces, even if it is (quite literally) cutting the corner. How can I detect scenarios similar to the situation on the right?

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  • problem adding bumpmap to textured gluSphere in JOGL

    - by ChocoMan
    I currently have one texture on a gluSphere that represents the Earth being displayed perfectly, but having trouble figuring out how to implement a bumpmap as well. The bumpmap resides in "res/planet/earth/earthbump1k.jpg".Here is the code I have for the regular texture: gl.glTranslatef(xPath, 0, yPath + zPos); gl.glColor3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); // base color for earth earthGluSphere = glu.gluNewQuadric(); colorTexture.enable(); // enable texture colorTexture.bind(); // bind texture // draw sphere... glu.gluDeleteQuadric(earthGluSphere); colorTexture.disable(); // texturing public void loadPlanetTexture(GL2 gl) { InputStream colorMap = null; try { colorMap = new FileInputStream("res/planet/earth/earthmap1k.jpg"); TextureData data = TextureIO.newTextureData(colorMap, false, null); colorTexture = TextureIO.newTexture(data); colorTexture.getImageTexCoords(); colorTexture.setTexParameteri(GL2.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL2.GL_LINEAR); colorTexture.setTexParameteri(GL2.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL2.GL_NEAREST); colorMap.close(); } catch(IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); System.exit(1); } // Set material properties gl.glTexParameteri(GL2.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL2.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL2.GL_LINEAR); gl.glTexParameteri(GL2.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL2.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL2.GL_NEAREST); colorTexture.setTexParameteri(GL2.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL2.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S); colorTexture.setTexParameteri(GL2.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL2.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T); } How would I add the bumpmap as well to the same gluSphere?

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  • Why does Unity3D crash in VirtualBox?

    - by FakeRainBrigand
    I'm running Unity3D in a virtual instance of Windows, using the Virtual Box software on Linux. I have guest additions installed with DirectX support. I've tried using Windows XP SP3 32-bit, and Windows 7 64bit. My host is Ubuntu 12.04 64bit. I installed and registered Unity on both. It loads up fine, and then crashes my entire VirtualBox instance (equivalent of a computer shutting off with no warning).

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  • Restoring projection matrix

    - by brainydexter
    I am learning to use FBOs and one of the things that I need to do when rendering something onto user defined FBO, I have to setup the projection, modelview and viewport for it. Once I am done rendering to the FBO, I need to restore these matrices. I found: glPushAttrib(GL_VIEWPORT_BIT); glPopAttrib(); to restore the viewport to its old state. Is there a way to restore the projection and modelview matrix to whatever it was earlier ? Tech: C++/OpenGL Thanks!

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  • Bullet Physic: Transform body after adding

    - by Mathias Hölzl
    I would like to transform a rigidbody after adding it to the btDiscreteDynamicsWorld. When I use the CF_KINEMATIC_OBJECT flag I am able to transform it but it's static (no collision response/gravity). When I don't use the CF_KINEMATIC_OBJECT flag the transform doesn't gets applied. So how to I transform non-static objects in bullet? DemoCode: btBoxShape* colShape = new btBoxShape(btVector3(SCALING*1,SCALING*1,SCALING*1)); /// Create Dynamic Objects btTransform startTransform; startTransform.setIdentity(); btScalar mass(1.f); //rigidbody is dynamic if and only if mass is non zero, otherwise static bool isDynamic = (mass != 0.f); btVector3 localInertia(0,0,0); if (isDynamic) colShape->calculateLocalInertia(mass,localInertia); btDefaultMotionState* myMotionState = new btDefaultMotionState(); btRigidBody::btRigidBodyConstructionInfo rbInfo(mass,myMotionState,colShape,localInertia); btRigidBody* body = new btRigidBody(rbInfo); body->setCollisionFlags(body->getCollisionFlags()|btCollisionObject::CF_KINEMATIC_OBJECT); body->setActivationState(DISABLE_DEACTIVATION); m_dynamicsWorld->addRigidBody(body); startTransform.setOrigin(SCALING*btVector3( btScalar(0), btScalar(20), btScalar(0) )); body->getMotionState()->setWorldTransform(startTransform);

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  • My grid based collision detection is slow

    - by Fibericon
    Something about my implementation of a basic 2x4 grid for collision detection is slow - so slow in fact, that it's actually faster to simply check every bullet from every enemy to see if the BoundingSphere intersects with that of my ship. It becomes noticeably slow when I have approximately 1000 bullets on the screen (36 enemies shooting 3 bullets every .5 seconds). By commenting it out bit by bit, I've determined that the code used to add them to the grid is what's slowest. Here's how I add them to the grid: for (int i = 0; i < enemy[x].gun.NumBullets; i++) { if (enemy[x].gun.bulletList[i].isActive) { enemy[x].gun.bulletList[i].Update(timeDelta); int bulletPosition = 0; if (enemy[x].gun.bulletList[i].position.Y < 0) { bulletPosition = (int)Math.Floor((enemy[x].gun.bulletList[i].position.X + 900) / 450); } else { bulletPosition = (int)Math.Floor((enemy[x].gun.bulletList[i].position.X + 900) / 450) + 4; } GridItem bulletItem = new GridItem(); bulletItem.index = i; bulletItem.type = 5; bulletItem.parentIndex = x; if (bulletPosition > -1 && bulletPosition < 8) { if (!grid[bulletPosition].Contains(bulletItem)) { for (int j = 0; j < grid.Length; j++) { grid[j].Remove(bulletItem); } grid[bulletPosition].Add(bulletItem); } } } } And here's how I check if it collides with the ship: if (ship.isActive && !ship.invincible) { BoundingSphere shipSphere = new BoundingSphere( ship.Position, ship.Model.Meshes[0].BoundingSphere.Radius * 9.0f); for (int i = 0; i < grid.Length; i++) { if (grid[i].Contains(shipItem)) { for (int j = 0; j < grid[i].Count; j++) { //Other collision types omitted else if (grid[i][j].type == 5) { if (enemy[grid[i][j].parentIndex].gun.bulletList[grid[i][j].index].isActive) { BoundingSphere bulletSphere = new BoundingSphere(enemy[grid[i][j].parentIndex].gun.bulletList[grid[i][j].index].position, enemy[grid[i][j].parentIndex].gun.bulletModel.Meshes[0].BoundingSphere.Radius); if (shipSphere.Intersects(bulletSphere)) { ship.health -= enemy[grid[i][j].parentIndex].gun.damage; enemy[grid[i][j].parentIndex].gun.bulletList[grid[i][j].index].isActive = false; grid[i].RemoveAt(j); break; //no need to check other bullets } } else { grid[i].RemoveAt(j); } } What am I doing wrong here? I thought a grid implementation would be faster than checking each one.

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  • Unity: parallel vectors and cross product, how to compare vectors

    - by Heisenbug
    I read this post explaining a method to understand if the angle between 2 given vectors and the normal to the plane described by them, is clockwise or anticlockwise: public static AngleDir GetAngleDirection(Vector3 beginDir, Vector3 endDir, Vector3 upDir) { Vector3 cross = Vector3.Cross(beginDir, endDir); float dot = Vector3.Dot(cross, upDir); if (dot > 0.0f) return AngleDir.CLOCK; else if (dot < 0.0f) return AngleDir.ANTICLOCK; return AngleDir.PARALLEL; } After having used it a little bit, I think it's wrong. If I supply the same vector as input (beginDir equal to endDir), the cross product is zero, but the dot product is a little bit more than zero. I think that to fix that I can simply check if the cross product is zero, means that the 2 vectors are parallel, but my code doesn't work. I tried the following solution: Vector3 cross = Vector3.Cross(beginDir, endDir); if (cross == Vector.zero) return AngleDir.PARALLEL; And it doesn't work because comparison between Vector.zero and cross is always different from zero (even if cross is actually [0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f]). I tried also this: Vector3 cross = Vector3.Cross(beginDir, endDir); if (cross.magnitude == 0.0f) return AngleDir.PARALLEL; it also fails because magnitude is slightly more than zero. So my question is: given 2 Vector3 in Unity, how to compare them? I need the elegant equivalent version of this: if (beginDir.x == endDir.x && beginDir.y == endDir.y && beginDir.z == endDir.z) return true;

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  • How to store character moves (sprite animations)?

    - by Saad
    So I'm thinking about making a small rpg, mainly to test out different design patterns I've been learning about. But the one question that I'm not too sure on how to approach is how to store an array of character moves in the best way possible. So let's say I have arrays of different sprites. This is how I'm thinking about implementing it: array attack = new array (10); array attack2 = new array(5); (loop) //blit some image attack.push(imageInstance); (end loop) Now every time I want the animation I call on attack or attack2; is there a better structure? The problem with this is let's say there are 100 different attacks, and a player can have up to 10 attacks equipped. So how do I tell which attack the user has; should I use a hash map?

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  • Strange rendering in XNA/Monogame

    - by Gerhman
    I am trying to render G-Code generated for a 3d-printer as the printed product by reading the file as line segments and the drawing cylinders with the diameter of the filament around the segment. I think I have managed to do this part right because the vertex I am sending to the graphics device appear to have been processed correctly. My problem I think lies somewhere in the rendering. What basically happens is that when I start rotating my model in the X or Y axis then it renders perfectly for half of the rotation but then for the other half it has this weird effect where you start seeing through the outer filament into some of the shapes inside. This effect is the strongest with X rotations though. Here is a picture of the part of the rotation that looks correct: And here is one that looks horrible: I am still quite new to XNA and/Monogame and 3d programming as a whole. I have no idea what could possibly be causing this and even less of an idea of what this type of behavior is called. I am guessing this has something to do with rendering so have added the code for that part: protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Black); basicEffect.World = world; basicEffect.View = view; basicEffect.Projection = projection; basicEffect.VertexColorEnabled = true; basicEffect.EnableDefaultLighting(); GraphicsDevice.SetVertexBuffer(vertexBuffer); RasterizerState rasterizerState = new RasterizerState(); rasterizerState.CullMode = CullMode.CullClockwiseFace; rasterizerState.ScissorTestEnable = true; GraphicsDevice.RasterizerState = rasterizerState; foreach (EffectPass pass in basicEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes) { pass.Apply(); GraphicsDevice.DrawPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, vertexBuffer.VertexCount); } base.Draw(gameTime); } I don't know if it could be because I am shading something that does not really have a texture. I am using this custom vertex declaration I found on some tutorial that allows me to store a vertex with a position, color and normal: public struct VertexPositionColorNormal { public Vector3 Position; public Color Color; public Vector3 Normal; public readonly static VertexDeclaration VertexDeclaration = new VertexDeclaration ( new VertexElement(0, VertexElementFormat.Vector3, VertexElementUsage.Position, 0), new VertexElement(sizeof(float) * 3, VertexElementFormat.Color, VertexElementUsage.Color, 0), new VertexElement(sizeof(float) * 3 + 4, VertexElementFormat.Vector3, VertexElementUsage.Normal, 0) ); } If any of you have ever seen this type of thing please help. Also, if you think that the problem might lay somewhere else in my code then please just request what part you would like to see in the comments section.

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  • convert orientation vec3 to a rotation matrix

    - by lapin
    I've got a normalized vec3 that represents an orientation. Each frame of animation, an object's orientation changes slightly, so I add a delta vector to the orientation vector and then normalize to find the new orientation. I'd like to convert the vec3 that represents an orientation into a rotation matrix that I can use to orient my object. If it helps, my object is a cone, and I'd like to rotate it about the pointy end, not from its center :) PS I know I should use quaternions because of the gimbal lock problem. If someone can explain quats too, that'd be great :)

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  • What are the maths behind 'Raiden 2' purple laser?

    - by Aybe
    The path of the laser is affected by user input and enemies present on the screen. Here is a video, at 5:00 minutes the laser in question is shown : Raiden II (PS) - 1 Loop Clear - Part 2 UPDATE Here is a test using Inkscape, ship is at bottom, the first 4 enemies are targeted by the plasma. There seems to be a sort of pattern. I moved the ship first, then the handle from it to form a 45° angle, then while trying to fit the curve I found a pattern of parallel handles and continued so until I reached the last enemy. Update, 5/26/2012 : I started an XNA project using beziers, there is still some work needed, will update the question next week. Stay tuned ! Update : 5/30/2012 : It really seems that they are using Bézier curves, I think I will be able to replicate/imitate a plasma of such grade. There are two new topics I discovered since last time : Arc length, Runge's phenomenon, first one should help in having a linear movement possible over a Bézier curve, second should help in optimizing the number of vertices. Next time I will put a video so you can see the progress 8-)

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  • New way of integrating Openfeint in Cocos2d-x 0.12.0

    - by Ef Es
    I am trying to implement OpenFeint for Android in my cocos2d-x project. My approach so far has been creating a button that calls a static java method in class Bridge using jnihelper functions (jnihelper only accepts statics). Bridge has one singleton attribute of type OFAndroid, that is the class dynamically calling the Openfeint Api methods, and every method in the bridge just forwards it to the OFAndroid object. What I am trying to do now is to initialize the openfeint libraries in the main java class that is the one calling the static C++ libraries. My problem right now is that the initializing function void com.openfeint.api.OpenFeint.initialize(Context ctx, OpenFeintSettings settings, OpenFeintDelegate delegate) is not accepting the context parameter that I am giving him, which is a "this" reference to the main class. Main class extends from Cocos2dxActivity but I don't have any other that extends from Application. Any suggestions on fixing it or how to improve the architecture? EDIT: I am trying a new solution. Make the bridge class into an Application child, is called from Main object, initializes OpenFeint when created and it can call the OpenFeint functions instead of needing an additional class. The problem is I still get the error. 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at android.content.ContextWrapper.getPackageManager(ContextWrapper.java:85) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at com.openfeint.internal.OpenFeintInternal.validateManifest(OpenFeintInternal.java:885) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at com.openfeint.internal.OpenFeintInternal.initializeWithoutLoggingIn(OpenFeintInternal.java:829) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at com.openfeint.internal.OpenFeintInternal.initialize(OpenFeintInternal.java:852) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at com.openfeint.api.OpenFeint.initialize(OpenFeint.java:47) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at nurogames.fastfish.NuroFeint.onCreate(NuroFeint.java:23) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at nurogames.fastfish.FastFish.onCreate(FastFish.java:47) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1069) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2751)

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  • Orthographic unit translation mismatch on grid (e.g. 64 pixels translates incorrectly)

    - by Justin Van Horne
    I am looking for some insight into a small problem with unit translations on a grid. Setup 512x448 window 64x64 grid gl_Position = projection * world * position; projection is defined by ortho(-w/2.0f, w/2.0f, -h/2.0f, h/2.0f); This is a textbook orthogonal projection function. world is defined by a fixed camera position at (0, 0) position is defined by the sprite's position. Problem In the screenshot below (1:1 scaling) the grid spacing is 64x64 and I am drawing the unit at (64, 64), however the unit draws roughly ~10px in the wrong position. I've tried uniform window dimensions to prevent any distortion on the pixel size, but now I am a bit lost in the proper way in providing a 1:1 pixel-to-world-unit projection. Anyhow, here are some quick images to aide in the problem. I decided to super-impose a bunch of the sprites at what the engine believes is 64x offsets. When this seemed off place, I went about and did the base case of 1 unit. Which seemed to line up as expected. The yellow shows a 1px difference in the movement. Vertices It would appear that the vertices going into the vertex shader are correct. For example, in reference to the first image the data looks like this in the VBO: x y x y ---------------------------- tl | 0.0 24.0 64.0 24.0 bl | 0.0 0.0 -> 64.0 0.0 tr | 16.0 0.0 80.0 0.0 br | 16.0 24.0 80.0 24.0 With that said, all I am left to believe is that I am munging up my actual projection. So, I am looking for any insight into maintaining the 1:1 pixel-to-world-unit projection.

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  • OpenGL Tessellation makes point

    - by urza57
    A little problem with my tessellation shader. I try to implement a simple tessellation shader but it only makes points. Here's my vertex shader : out vec4 ecPosition; out vec3 ecNormal; void main( void ) { vec4 position = gl_Vertex; gl_Position = gl_ModelViewProjectionMatrix * position; ecPosition = gl_ModelViewMatrix * position; ecNormal = normalize(gl_NormalMatrix * gl_Normal); } My tessellation control shader : layout(vertices = 3) out; out vec4 ecPosition3[]; in vec3 ecNormal[]; in vec4 ecPosition[]; out vec3 myNormal[]; void main() { gl_out[gl_InvocationID].gl_Position = gl_in[gl_InvocationID].gl_Position; myNormal[gl_InvocationID] = ecNormal[gl_InvocationID]; ecPosition3[gl_InvocationID] = ecPosition[gl_InvocationID]; gl_TessLevelOuter[0] = float(4.0); gl_TessLevelOuter[1] = float(4.0); gl_TessLevelOuter[2] = float(4.0); gl_TessLevelInner[0] = float(4.0); } And my Tessellation Evaluation shader: layout(triangles, equal_spacing, ccw) in; in vec3 myNormal[]; in vec4 ecPosition3[]; out vec3 ecNormal; out vec4 ecPosition; void main() { float u = gl_TessCoord.x; float v = gl_TessCoord.y; float w = gl_TessCoord.z; vec3 position = vec4(gl_in[0].gl_Position.xyz * u + gl_in[1].gl_Position.xyz * v + gl_in[2].gl_Position.xyz * w ); vec3 position2 = vec4(ecPosition3[0].xyz * u + ecPosition3[1].xyz * v + ecPosition3[2].xyz * w ); vec3 normal = myNormal[0] * u + myNormal[1] * v + myNormal[2] * w ); ecNormal = normal; gl_Position = vec4(position, 1.0); ecPosition = vec4(position2, 1.0); } Thank you !

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  • Generating geometry when using VBO

    - by onedayitwillmake
    Currently I am working on a project in which I generate geometry based on the players movement. A glorified very long trail, composed of quads. I am doing this by storing a STD::Vector, and removing the oldest verticies once enough exist, and then calling glDrawArrays. I am interested in switching to a shader based model, usually examples I see the VBO is generated at start and then that's basically it. What is the best route to go about creating geometry in real time, using shader / VBO approach

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  • Draw multiple objects with textures

    - by Simplex
    I want to draw cubes using textures. void OperateWithMainMatrix(ESContext* esContext, GLfloat offsetX, GLfloat offsetY, GLfloat offsetZ) { UserData *userData = (UserData*) esContext->userData; ESMatrix modelview; ESMatrix perspective; //Manipulation with matrix ... glVertexAttribPointer(userData->positionLoc, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, cubeFaces); //in cubeFaces coordinates verticles cube glVertexAttribPointer(userData->normalLoc, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, cubeFaces); //for normals (use in fragment shaider for textures) glEnableVertexAttribArray(userData->positionLoc); glEnableVertexAttribArray(userData->normalLoc); // Load the MVP matrix glUniformMatrix4fv(userData->mvpLoc, 1, GL_FALSE, (GLfloat*)&userData->mvpMatrix.m[0][0]); //Bind base map glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, userData->baseMapTexId); //Set the base map sampler to texture unit to 0 glUniform1i(userData->baseMapLoc, 0); // Draw the cube glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 36); } (coordinates transformation is in OperateWithMainMatrix() ) Then Draw() function is called: void Draw(ESContext *esContext) { UserData *userData = esContext->userData; // Set the viewport glViewport(0, 0, esContext->width, esContext->height); // Clear the color buffer glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); // Use the program object glUseProgram(userData->programObject); OperateWithMainMatrix(esContext, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); eglSwapBuffers(esContext->eglDisplay, esContext->eglSurface); } This work fine, but if I try to draw multiple cubes (next code for example): void Draw(ESContext *esContext) { ... // Use the program object glUseProgram(userData->programObject); OperateWithMainMatrix(esContext, 2.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); OperateWithMainMatrix(esContext, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); OperateWithMainMatrix(esContext, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); OperateWithMainMatrix(esContext, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); OperateWithMainMatrix(esContext, -2.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); eglSwapBuffers(esContext->eglDisplay, esContext->eglSurface); } A side faces overlapes frontal face. The side face of the right cube overlaps frontal face of the center cube. How can i remove this effect and display miltiple cubes without it?

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  • Why does calling CreateDXGIFactory prevent my program from exiting?

    - by smoth190
    I'm using CreateDXGIFactory to get the graphics adapters and display modes. When I call it, it works fine and I get all the data. However, when I exit my program, the main Win32 thread exits, but something stays open because it keeps debugging. Does CreateDXGIFactory create an extra thread and I'm not closing it? I don't understand. The only thing I would suspect is that in the documentation it says it doesn't work if it's called from DllMain. It is in a DLL, but it's not called from DllMain. And it doesn't fail, either. I'm using DirectX 11. Here is the function that initializes DirectX. I haven't gotten past retrieving the refresh rate because of this problem. I commented everything out to pinpoint the problem. bool CGraphicsManager::InitDirectX(HWND hWnd, int width, int height) { HRESULT result; IDXGIFactory* factory; IDXGIOutput* output; IDXGIAdapter* adapter; DXGI_MODE_DESC* displayModes; DXGI_ADAPTER_DESC adapterDesc; unsigned int modeCount = 0; unsigned int refreshNum = 0; unsigned int refreshDen = 0; //First, we need to get the monitors refresh rater result = CreateDXGIFactory(__uuidof(IDXGIFactory), (void**)&factory); //if(FAILED(result)) //{ //MemoryUtil::MessageBoxError(TEXT("InitDirectX"), 0, 0, TEXT("Failed to create DXGI factory\nError:\n%s"), DXGetErrorDescription(result)); //return false; //} /*//Create a graphics card adapter result = factory->EnumAdapters(0, &adapter); if(FAILED(result)) { MemoryUtil::MessageBoxError(TEXT("InitDirectX"), 0, 0, TEXT("Failed to get graphics adapters\nError:\n%s"), DXGetErrorDescription(result)); return false; } //Get the output result = adapter->EnumOutputs(0, &output); if(FAILED(result)) { MemoryUtil::MessageBoxError(TEXT("InitDirectX"), 0, 0, TEXT("Failed to get adapter output\nError:\n%s"), DXGetErrorDescription(result)); return false; } //Get the modes result = output->GetDisplayModeList(DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM, DXGI_ENUM_MODES_INTERLACED, &modeCount, 0); if(FAILED(result)) { MemoryUtil::MessageBoxError(TEXT("InitDirectX"), 0, 0, TEXT("Failed to get mode count\nError:\n%s"), DXGetErrorDescription(result)); return false; } displayModes = new DXGI_MODE_DESC[modeCount]; result = output->GetDisplayModeList(DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM, DXGI_ENUM_MODES_INTERLACED, &modeCount, displayModes); if(FAILED(result)) { MemoryUtil::MessageBoxError(TEXT("InitDirectX"), 0, 0, TEXT("Failed to get display modes\nError:\n%s"), DXGetErrorDescription(result)); return false; } //Now we need to find one for our screen size for(unsigned int i = 0; i < modeCount; i++) { if(displayModes[i].Width == (unsigned int)width) { if(displayModes[i].Height == (unsigned int)height) { refreshNum = displayModes[i].RefreshRate.Numerator; refreshDen = displayModes[i].RefreshRate.Denominator; break; } } } //Store the video card data result = adapter->GetDesc(&adapterDesc); if(FAILED(result)) { MemoryUtil::MessageBoxError(TEXT("InitDirectX"), 0, 0, TEXT("Failed to get adapter description\nError:\n%s"), DXGetErrorDescription(result)); return false; } m_videoCard = new CVideoCard(); MemoryUtil::CreateGameObject(m_videoCard); m_videoCard->VideoCardMemory = (unsigned int)(adapterDesc.DedicatedVideoMemory); wcstombs_s(0, m_videoCard->VideoCardDescription, 128, adapterDesc.Description, 128);*/ //ReleaseCOM(output); //ReleaseCOM(adapter); ReleaseCOM(factory); //DeletePointerArray(displayModes); return true; } Also, I don't know if this means anything, but this is some of the output log when the function is commented out: //... 'LostRock.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\msvcr100d.dll', Symbols loaded. 'LostRock.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\imm32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file 'LostRock.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\msctf.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file 'LostRock.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\uxtheme.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file 'LostRock.exe': Loaded 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\microsoft shared\ink\tiptsf.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file 'LostRock.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ole32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file 'LostRock.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\oleaut32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file 'LostRock.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\clbcatq.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file 'LostRock.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\oleacc.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file The program '[6560] LostRock.exe: Native' has exited with code 0 (0x0). And when it isn't commented out... //... 'LostRock.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cfgmgr32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file 'LostRock.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\devobj.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file 'LostRock.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\wintrust.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file 'LostRock.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\crypt32.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file 'LostRock.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\msasn1.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file 'LostRock.exe': Unloaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\setupapi.dll' 'LostRock.exe': Unloaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\devobj.dll' 'LostRock.exe': Unloaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cfgmgr32.dll' 'LostRock.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\clbcatq.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file 'LostRock.exe': Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\oleacc.dll', Cannot find or open the PDB file The thread 'Win32 Thread' (0xb94) has exited with code 0 (0x0). The program '[8096] LostRock.exe: Native' has exited with code 0 (0x0). //This is called when I click "Stop Debugging" P.S. I know it is CreateDXGIFactory because if I comment it out, the program exits correctly.

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  • AI control for a ship with physics model

    - by Petteri Hietavirta
    I am looking for ideas how to implement following in 2D space. Unfortunately I don't know much about AI/path finding/autonomous control yet. Let's say this ship can move freely but it has mass and momentum. Also, external forces might affect it (explosions etc). The player can set a target for the ship at any time and it should reach that spot and stop. Without physics this would be simple, just point to the direction and go. But how to deal with existing momentum and then stopping on the spot? I don't want to modify ship's placement directly. edit: Just to make clear, the physics related math of the ship itself is not the problem.

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