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  • segmentation fault in file operations in c

    - by mekasperasky
    #include<stdio.h> /* this is a lexer which recognizes constants , variables ,symbols, identifiers , functions , comments and also header files . It stores the lexemes in 3 different files . One file contains all the headers and the comments . Another file will contain all the variables , another will contain all the symbols. */ int main() { int i; char a,b[20],c; FILE *fp1; fp1=fopen("source.txt","r"); //the source file is opened in read only mode which will passed through the lexer //now lets remove all the white spaces and store the rest of the words in a file if(fp1==NULL) { perror("failed to open source.txt"); //return EXIT_FAILURE; } i=0; while(1) { a=fgetc(fp1); if(a !="") { b[i]=a; } else { fprintf(fp1, "%.20s\n", b); i=0; continue; } i=i+1; /*Switch(a) { case EOF :return eof; case '+':sym=sym+1; case '-':sym=sym+1; case '*':sym=sym+1; case '/':sym=sym+1; case '%':sym=sym+1; case ' */ } return 0; } how does this code end up in segmentation fault?

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  • Initialize Static Array of Structs in C

    - by russell_h
    I implementing a card game in C. There are lots of types of cards and each has a bunch of information, including some actions that will need to be individually scripted associated with it. Given a struct like this (and I'm not certain I have the syntax right for the function pointer) struct CARD { int value; int cost; // This is a pointer to a function that carries out actions unique // to this card int (*do_actions) (struct GAME_STATE *state, int choice1, int choice2); }; I would like to initialize a static array of these, one for each card. I'm guessing this would look something like this int do_card0(struct GAME_STATE *state, int choice1, int choice2) { // Operate on state here } int do_card1(struct GAME_STATE *state, int choice1, int choice2) { // Operate on state here } extern static struct cardDefinitions[] = { {0, 1, do_card0}, {1, 3, do_card1} }; Will this work, and am I going about this the right way at all? I'm trying to avoid huge numbers of switch statements. Do I need to define the 'do_cardN' functions ahead of time, or is there some way to define them inline in the initialization of the struct (something like a lambda function in python)? I'll need read-only access to cardDefinitions from a different file - is 'extern static' correct for that? I know this is a lot of questions rolled into one but I'm really a bit vague about how to go about this. Thanks.

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  • How to determine which inheriting class is using an abstract class's methods.

    - by Kin
    In my console application have an abstract Factory class "Listener" which contains code for listening and accepting connections, and spawning client classes. This class is inherited by two more classes (WorldListener, and MasterListener) that contain more protocol specific overrides and functions. I also have a helper class (ConsoleWrapper) which encapsulates and extends System.Console, containing methods for writing to console info on what is happening to instances of the WorldListener and MasterListener. I need a way to determine in the abstract ListenerClass which Inheriting class is calling its methods. Any help with this problem would be greatly appreciated! I am stumped :X Simplified example of what I am trying to do. abstract class Listener { public void DoSomething() { if(inheriting class == WorldListener) ConsoleWrapper.WorldWrite("Did something!"); if(inheriting class == MasterListener) ConsoleWrapper.MasterWrite("Did something!"); } } public static ConsoleWrapper { public void WorldWrite(string input) { System.Console.WriteLine("[World] {0}", input); } } public class WorldListener : Listener { public void DoSomethingSpecific() { ConsoleWrapper.WorldWrite("I did something specific!"); } } public void Main() { new WorldListener(); new MasterListener(); } Expected output [World] Did something! [World] I did something specific! [Master] Did something! [World] I did something specific!

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  • JSLINT error: Move all 'var' declarations to the top of the function.

    - by Oleg Yaroshevych
    JSLINT site updated, and I cannot check JS scripts anymore. For me, this warning is not critical, and I don't want to go through thousands of lines to fix this, I want to find more critical problems. Does anybody know how to turn off this error, or use legacy JSLINT? UPDATE Example: function doSomethingWithNodes(nodes){ this.doSomething(); for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; ++i){ this.doSomethingElse(nodes[i]); } doSomething(); // want to find this problem } jslint.com output: Error: Problem at line 4 character 8: Move all 'var' declarations to the top of the function. for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; ++i){ Problem at line 4 character 8: Stopping, unable to continue. (44% scanned). Problem: Having variables on top of the functions is new requirement. I cannot use JSLINT to test code, because it stops scanning script on this error. I have a lot of code, and do not want to threat this warning as critical error.

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  • Passing data between Drupal module callback, preprocess and template

    - by rob5408
    I've create a module called finder that I want to take parameters from a url, crunch them and then display results via a tpl file. here's the relevant functions... function finder_menu() { $items = array(); $items['finder'] = array( 'page callback' => 'finder_view', 'access callback' => TRUE, ); return $items; } function finder_theme($existing, $type, $theme, $path) { return array( 'finder_view' => array( 'variables' => array('providers' => null), 'template' => 'results', ), ); } function finder_preprocess_finder_view(&$variables) { // put my data into $variables } function finder_view($zipcode = null) { // Get Providers from Zipcode return theme('finder_view', $providers); } Now I know finder_view is being called. I also know finder_preprocess_finder_view is being called. Finally, I know that result.tpl.php is being used to output. But I cannot wrap my head around how to do meaningful work in the callback, somehow make that data available in the preprocessor to add to "variables" so that i can access in the tpl file. in a situation where you are using a tpl file is the callback even useful for anything? I've done this in the past where the callback does all the work and passes to a theming function, but i want to use a file for output instead this time. Thanks...

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  • jQuery AJAX chained calls + Celery in Django

    - by user1029968
    Currently clicking one of the links in my application, triggers AJAX call (GET) that - if succeeds - triggers the second one and this second one - if succeeds - calls the third one. This way user can be informed which part of process started when clicking the link is currently ongoing. So in the template file in Django project, click callback body for link mentioned looks like below: $("#the-link").click(function(item)) { // CALL 1 $.ajax({ url: {% url ajax_call_1 %}, data: { // something } }) .done(function(call1Result) { // CALL 2 $.ajax({ url: {% url ajax_call_1 %}, data: { // call1Result passed here to CALL 2 } }) .done(function(call2Result) { // CALL 3 $.ajax({ url: {%url ajax_call_3 %}, data: { // call2Result passed here to CALL 3 } }) .done(function(call3Result) { // expected result if everything went fine console.log("wow, it worked!"); console.log(call3Result); }) .fail(function(errorObject) { console.log("call3 failed"); console.log(errorObject); } }) .fail(function(errorObject)) { console.log("call2 failed"); console.log(errorObject); } }) .fail(function(errorObject) { console.log("call1 failed"); console.log(errorObject); }); }); This works fine for me. The thing is, I'd like to prevent interrupting the following calls if the user closes the browser and the calls are not finished (as it will take some time to finish all three), as there is some additional logic in Django view functions called in each GET request. For example, if user clicks the link and closes the browser during CALL 1, is it possible to somehow go on with the following CALL 2 and CALL 3? I know that normally I'd be able to use Celery Task to process the function but is it still possible here with the chained calls mentioned? Any help is much appreciated!

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  • question about jQuery droppable/draggable.

    - by FALCONSEYE
    I modified a sample photo manager application. photo manager application Instead of photos, I have employee records coming from a query. My version will let managers mark employees as on vacation, or at work. One of the things I did is to include employee ids like <a href="123">. I get the ids from event.target. This works for the click function but not for the "droppable" function. This is what I have for the click function: $('ul.gallery > li').click(function(ev) { var $item = $(this); var $unid = ev.target; var $target = $(ev.target); if ($target.is('a.ui-icon-suitcase')) { deleteImage($item,$unid); } else if ($target.is('a.ui-icon-arrowreturnthick-1-w')) { recycleImage($item,$unid); } return false; }); ev.target correctly gives the employee id. when i try the same in one of the droppable functions: $gallery.droppable({ accept: '#suitcase li', activeClass: 'custom-state-active', drop: function(ev, ui) { var $unid = ev.target; alert($unid); recycleImage(ui.draggable,$unid); } }); the alert(ui) gives me [object]. What's in this object? How do i get the href out of this? thanks

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  • Are there any libraries for parsing "number expressions" like 1,2-9,33- in Java

    - by mihi
    Hi, I don't think it is hard, just tedious to write: Some small free (as in beer) library where I can put in a String like 1,2-9,33- and it can tell me whether a given number matches that expression. Just like most programs have in their print range dialogs. Special functions for matching odd or even numbers only, or matching every number that is 2 mod 5 (or something like that) would be nice, but not needed. The only operation I have to perform on this list is whether the range contains a given (nonnegative) integer value; more operations like max/min value (if they exist) or an iterator would be nice, of course. What would be needed that it does not occupy lots of RAM if anyone enters 1-10000000 but the only number I will ever query is 12345 :-) (To implement it, I would parse a list into several (min/max/value/mod) pairs, like 1,10,0,1 for 1-10 or 11,33,1,2 for 1-33odd, or 12,62,2,10 for 12-62/10 (i. e. 12, 22, 32, ..., 62) and then check each number for all the intervals. Open intervals by using Integer.MaxValue etc. If there are no libs, any ideas to do it better/more efficient?)

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  • How Can I Find a List of All Exceptions That a Given Library Function Throws in Python?

    - by b14ck
    Sorry for the long title, but it seems most descriptive for my question. Basically, I'm having a difficult time finding exception information in the official python documentation. For example, in one program I'm currently writing, I'm using the shutil libary's move function: from shutil import move move('somefile.txt', '/tmp/somefile.txt') That works fine, as long as I have write access to /tmp/, there is enough diskspace, and if all other requirements are satisfied. However, when writing generic code, it is often difficult to guarantee those factors, so one usually uses exceptions: from shutil import move try: move('somefile.txt', '/tmp/somefile.txt') except: print 'Move failed for some reason.' I'd like to actually catch the appropriate exceptions thrown instead of just catching everything, but I simply can't find a list of exceptions thrown for most python modules. Is there a way for me to see which exceptions a given function can throw, and why? This way I can make appropriate cases for each exception, eg: from shutil import move try: move('somefile.txt', '/tmp/somefile.txt') except PermissionDenied: print 'No permission.' except DestinationDoesNotExist: print "/tmp/ doesn't exist" except NoDiskSpace: print 'No diskspace available.' Answer points go to whoever can either link me to some relevant documentation that I've somehow overlooked in the official docs, or provide a sure-fire way to figure out exactly which exceptions are thrown by which functions, and why. Thanks!

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  • c++ use of winmain()

    - by Jack
    Hi, I just started learning programming for windows in c++. I had this crazy image, that win32 programming is based on calling windows functions and sending parameters to and from them. Like, when you want to create window, you call some win32 function that handles windows GUI and say "Hi, please, create me new window, 100 x 100 px, with two buttons", and that GUI function says "Hi, no problem, when something happends, like user clicks one button, I will change this variable xy located in this location". So, I thought that it will be very similiar to console programming. But the very first instruction surprised me. I always thought that every program executes main() function first. So, when I launch app, windows stores some parameters on top of stack and run that application. So I assumed that initializing main() is just a c++ way to tell the compiler where the first instruction should be. But in win32 programming, there is function called winmain() which starts first. So I am little confused. I thought it´s rule that compiler must have main() to start with, that main just defines where ti start, like some start point identifier. So, please, why is there winmain() function instead of main()? When I thought that C++ programming is as logical as assembler, it confuses me once again.

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  • c++ use of winmain()

    - by Jack
    Hi, I just started learning programming for windows in c++. I had this crazy image, that win32 programming is based on calling windows functions and sending parameters to and from them. Like, when you want to create window, you call some win32 function that handles windows GUI and say "Hi, please, create me new window, 100 x 100 px, with two buttons", and that GUI function says "Hi, no problem, when something happends, like user clicks one button, I will change this variable xy located in this location". So, I thought that it will be very similiar to console programming. But the very first instruction surprised me. I always thought that every program executes main() function first. So, when I launch app, windows stores some parameters on top of stack and run that application. So I assumed that initializing main() is just a c++ way to tell the compiler where the first instruction should be. But in win32 programming, there is function called winmain() which starts first. So I am little confused. I thought it´s rule that compiler must have main() to start with, that main just defines where ti start, like some start point identifier. So, please, why is there winmain() function instead of main()? When I thought that C++ programming is as logical as assembler, it confuses me once again.

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  • Trait, FunctionN, or trait-inheriting-FunctionN in Scala?

    - by Willis Blackburn
    I have a trait in Scala that has a single method. Call it Computable and the single method is compute(input: Int): Int. I can't figure out whether I should Leave it as a standalone trait with a single method. Inherit from (Int = Int) and rename "compute" to "apply." Just get rid of Computable and use (Int = Int). A factor in favor of it being a trait is that I could usefully add some additional methods. But of course if they were all implemented in terms of the compute method then I could just break them out into a separate object. A factor in favor of just using the function type is simplicity and the fact that the syntax for an anonymous function is more concise than that for an anonymous Computable instance. But then I've no way to distinguish objects that are actually Computable instances from other functions that map Int to Int but aren't meant to be used in the same context as Computable. How do other people approach this type of problem? No right or wrong answers here; I'm just looking for advice.

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  • Combobox having values but not showing text

    - by ras
    hi, I'm using GWT-EXT combobox. My problem is when I render the combobox, it's having as many rows as it has values but all the rows are empty means text is not shown. Here's my code. Combobox cb = new Combobox(); cb.setForceSelection(true); cb.setMinChars(1); cb.setWidth(200); cb.setStore(store); // Store is perfectly loaded in combobox cb.setDisplayField("ReportName"); cb.setMode(ComboBox.LOCAL); cb.setTriggerAction(ALL); cb.setEmptyText("--Select--"); cb.setLoadingText("Searching..."); cb.setTypeAhead(true); cb.setSelectOnFocus(true); All other code is working fine. I'm sure for one thing that this problem is related to one of the functions of Combobox. Thanks in advance.

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  • C# How can I access to a dynamic created array of labels

    - by Markus Betz
    I created an array of labels on runtime. Now i have a problem to access these labels from other functions. Dynamic creation: private void Form1_Shown(object sender, EventArgs e) { Label[] Calendar_Weekday_Day = new Label[7]; for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++) { Calendar_Weekday_Day[i] = new Label(); Calendar_Weekday_Day[i].Location = new System.Drawing.Point(27 + (i * 137), 60); Calendar_Weekday_Day[i].Size = new System.Drawing.Size(132, 14); Calendar_Weekday_Day[i].Text = "Montag, 01.01.1970"; this.TabControl1.Controls.Add(Calendar_Weekday_Day[i]); } } And the function where I want to access to the dynamic created array of labels: private void display_weather_from_db(DateTime Weather_Startdate) { Calendar_Weekday_Day[0].Text = "Test1"; Calendar_Weekday_Day[1].Text = "Test2"; } Error shown: Error 1 The name 'Calendar_Weekday_Day' does not exist in the current context Form1.cs 1523 25 Test I tryed this, but didn't help :( public partial class Form1 : Form { private Label[] Calendar_Weekday_Day; } Someone an idea?

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  • HTTP Negotiate windows vs. Unix server implementation using python-kerberos

    - by ondra
    I tried to implement a simple single-sign-on in my python web server. I have used the python-kerberos package which works nicely. I have tested it from my Linux box (authenticating against active directory) and it was without problem. However, when I tried to authenticate using Firefox from Windows machine (no special setup, just having the user logged into the domain + added my server into negotiate-auth.trusted-uris), it doesn't work. I have looked at what is sent and it doesn't even resemble the things the Linux machine sends. This Microsoft description of the process pretty much resembles the way my interaction from Linux works, but the Windows machine generally sends a very short string, which doesn't even resemble the things microsoft documentation states, and when base64 decoded, it is something like 12 zero bytes followed by 3 or 4 non-zero bytes (GSS functions then return that it doesn't support such scheme) Either there is something wrong with the client Firefox settings, or there is some protocol which I am supposed to follow for the Negotiate protocol, but which I cannot find any reference anywhere. Any ideas what's wrong? Do you have any idea what protocol I should by trying to find, as it doesn' look like SPNEGO, at least from MS documentation.

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  • linear combinations in python/numpy

    - by nmaxwell
    greetings, I'm not sure if this is a dumb question or not. Lets say I have 3 numpy arrays, A1,A2,A3, and 3 floats, c1,c2,c3 and I'd like to evaluate B = A1*c1+ A2*c2+ A3*c3 will numpy compute this as for example, E1 = A1*c1 E2 = A2*c2 E3 = A3*c3 D1 = E1+E2 B = D1+E3 or is it more clever than that? In c++ I had a neat way to abstract this kind of operation. I defined series of general 'LC' template functions, LC for linear combination like: template<class T,class D> void LC( T & R, T & L0,D C0, T & L1,D C1, T & L2,D C2) { R = L0*C0 +L1*C1 +L2*C2; } and then specialized this for various types, so for instance, for an array the code looked like for (int i=0; i<L0.length; i++) R.array[i] = L0.array[i]*C0 + L1.array[i]*C1 + L2.array[i]*C2; thus avoiding having to create new intermediate arrays. This may look messy but it worked really well. I could do something similar in python, but I'm not sure if its nescesary. Thanks in advance for any insight. -nick

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  • access settings from whole jquery component

    - by Pacuraru Daniel
    I am trying to develop a jquery component for dialog modals and i dont know how to access the settings from all component functions. I need to access settings,zIndex from open function and it seems to not work. (function($) { var methods = { init: function(options) { var defaults = { bgClass: "fancy-dialog-bg", bgShow: null, zIndex: 100, show: null }; var settings = $.extend(defaults, options); return this.each(function() { var obj = $(this).hide().css("position", "fixed").css("z-index", settings.zIndex).css("left", "300px").css("top", "200px"); }); }, open: function() { // alert(settings.zIndex); not working var tes = $("<div></div>").css("backgroundColor", "#f00").css("position", "fixed").css("z-index", "99").css("width", "50%").css("height", "100%").css("left", "0").css("top", "0"); $('body').append(tes); var obj = $(this); obj.show(); }, close: function() { var obj = $(this); $("#fancy-dialog-bg-" + obj.attr('id')).remove(); obj.hide(); } }; $.fn.fancyDialog = function(method) { if (methods[method]) { return methods[method].apply(this, Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1)); } else if (typeof method === 'object' || !method) { return methods.init.apply(this, arguments); } else { $.error('Method ' + method + ' does not exist.'); } }; })(jQuery);

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  • LuaEdit can't find module when Lua files all in the same folder

    - by joverboard
    I downloaded LuaEdit to use as an IDE and debug tool however I'm having trouble using it for even the simplest things. I've created a solution with 2 files in it, all of which are stored in the same folder. My files are as follows: --startup.lua require("foo") test("Testing", "testing", "one, two, three") --foo.lua foo = {} print("In foo.lua") function test(a,b,c) print(a,b,c) end This works fine when in my C++ compiler when accessed through some embed code, however when I attempt to use the same code in LuaEdit, it crashes on line 3 require("foo") with an error stating: module 'foo' not found: no field package.preload['foo'] no file 'C:\Program Files (x86)\LuaEdit 2010\lua\foo.lua' no file 'C:\Program Files (x86)\LuaEdit 2010\lua\foo\init.lua' no file 'C:\Program Files (x86)\LuaEdit 2010\foo.lua' no file 'C:\Program Files (x86)\LuaEdit 2010\foo\init.lua' no file '.\foo.lua' no file 'C:\Program Files (x86)\LuaEdit 2010\foo.dll' no file 'C:\Program Files (x86)\LuaEdit 2010\loadall.dll' no file '.\battle.dll' I have also tried creating these files prior to adding them to a solution and still get the same error. Is there some setting I'm missing? It would be great to have an IDE/debugger but it's useless to me if it can't run linked functions.

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  • Object equality in context of hibernate / webapp

    - by bert
    How do you handle object equality for java objects managed by hibernate? In the 'hibernate in action' book they say that one should favor business keys over surrogate keys. Most of the time, i do not have a business key. Think of addresses mapped to a person. The addresses are keeped in a Set and displayed in a Wicket RefreshingView (with a ReuseIfEquals strategy). I could either use the surrogate id or use all fields in the equals() and hashCode() functions. The problem is that those fields change during the lifetime ob the object. Either because the user entered some data or the id changes due to JPA merge() being called inside the OSIV (Open Session in View) filter. My understanding of the equals() and hashCode() contract is that those should not change during the lifetime of an object. What i have tried so far: equals() based on hashCode() which uses the database id (or super.hashCode() if id is null). Problem: new addresses start with an null id but get an id when attached to a person and this person gets merged() (re-attached) in the osiv-filter. lazy compute the hashcode when hashCode() is first called and make that hashcode @Transitional. Does not work, as merge() returns a new object and the hashcode does not get copied over. What i would need is an ID that gets assigned during object creation I think. What would be my options here? I don't want to introduce some additional persistent property. Is there a way to explicitly tell JPA to assign an ID to an object? Regards

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  • Exporting de-aggregated data

    - by Ben
    I'm currently working on a data export feature for a survey application. We are using SQL2k8. We store data in a normalized format: QuestionId, RespondentId, Answer. We have a couple other tables that define what the question text is for the QuestionId and demographics for the RespondentId... Currently I'm using some dynamic SQL to generate a pivot that joins the question table to the answer table and creates an export, its working... The problem is that it seems slow and we don't have that much data (less than 50k respondents). Right now I'm thinking "why am I 'paying' to de-aggregate the data for each query? Why don't I cache that?" The data being exported is based on dynamic criteria. It could be "give me respondents that completed on x date (or range)" or "people that like blue", etc. Because of that, I think I have to cache at the respondent level, find out what respondents are being exported and then select their combined cached de-aggregated data. To me the quick and dirty fix is a totally flat table, RespondentId, Question1, Question2, etc. The problem is, we have multiple clients and that doesn't scale AND I don't want to have to maintain the flattened table as the survey changes. So I'm thinking about putting an XML column on the respondent table and caching the results of a SELECT * FROM Data FOR XML AUTO WHERE RespondentId = x. With that in place, I would then be able to get my export with filtering and XML calls into the XML column. What are you doing to export aggregated data in a flattened format (CSV, Excel, etc)? Does this approach seem ok? I worry about the cost of XML functions on larger result sets (think SELECT RespondentId, XmlCol.value('//data/question_1', 'nvarchar(50)') AS [Why is there air?], XmlCol.RinseAndRepeat)... Is there a better technology/approach for this? Thanks!

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  • Partial template specialization for more than one typename

    - by Matt Joiner
    In the following code, I want to consider functions (Ops) that have void return to instead be considered to return true. The type Retval, and the return value of Op are always matching. I'm not able to discriminate using the type traits shown here, and attempts to create a partial template specialization based on Retval have failed due the presence of the other template variables, Op and Args. How do I specialize only some variables in a template specialization without getting errors? Is there any other way to alter behaviour based on the return type of Op? template <typename Retval, typename Op, typename... Args> Retval single_op_wrapper( Retval const failval, char const *const opname, Op const op, Cpfs &cpfs, Args... args) { try { CallContext callctx(cpfs, opname); Retval retval; if (std::is_same<bool, Retval>::value) { (callctx.*op)(args...); retval = true; } else { retval = (callctx.*op)(args...); } assert(retval != failval); callctx.commit(cpfs); return retval; } catch (CpfsError const &exc) { cpfs_errno_set(exc.fserrno); LOGF(Info, "Failed with %s", cpfs_errno_str(exc.fserrno)); } return failval; }

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  • How can you adjust the height of a jquery UI accordian?

    - by KallDrexx
    In my UI I have an accordian setup that so far functions <div id="object_list"> <h3>Section 1</h3> <div>...content...</div> // More sections </div> The accordian works properly when it is first formed, and it seems to adjust itself well for the content inside each of the sections. However, if I then add more content into the accordian after the .accordian() call (via ajax), the inner for the section ends up overflowing. Since the accordian is being formed with almost no content, all the inner divs are extremely small, and thus the content overflows and you get accordians with scrollbars inside with almost no viewing area. I have attempted to add min-height styles to the object_list div, and the content divs to no avail. Adding the min-height to the inner divs kind of worked, but it messed up the accordian's animations, and adding it to the object_list div did absolutely nothing. How can I get a reasonable size out of the content sections even when there is not enough content to fill those sections?

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  • Understanding how software testing works and what to test.

    - by RHaguiuda
    Intro: I've seen lots of topics here on SO about software testing and other terms I don't understand. Problem: As a beginner developer I, unfortunately, have no idea how software testing works, not even how to test a simple function. This is a shame, but thats the truth. I also hope this question can help others beginners developers too. Question: Can you help me to understand this subject a little bit more? Maybe some questions to start would help: When I develop a function, how should I test it? For example: when working with a sum function, should I test every input value possible or just some limits? How about testing functions with strings as parameters? In a big program, do I have to test every single piece of code of it? When you guys program do you test every code written? How automated test works and how can I try one? How tools for automated testing works and what they do? I`ve heard about unit testing. Can I have a brief explanation on this? What is a testing framework? If possible please post some code with examples to clarify the ideas. Any help on this topic is very welcome! Thanks.

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  • What is a fast way to set debugging code at a given line in a function?

    - by Josh O'Brien
    Preamble: R's trace() is a powerful debugging tool, allowing users to "insert debugging code at chosen places in any function". Unfortunately, using it from the command-line can be fairly laborious. As an artificial example, let's say I want to insert debugging code that will report the between-tick interval calculated by pretty.default(). I'd like to insert the code immediately after the value of delta is calculated, about four lines up from the bottom of the function definition. (Type pretty.default to see where I mean.) To indicate that line, I need to find which step in the code it corresponds to. The answer turns out to be step list(c(12, 3, 3)), which I zero in on by running through the following steps: as.list(body(pretty.default)) as.list(as.list(body(pretty.default))[[12]]) as.list(as.list(as.list(body(pretty.default))[[12]])[[3]]) as.list(as.list(as.list(body(pretty.default))[[12]])[[3]])[[3]] I can then insert debugging code like this: trace(what = 'pretty.default', tracer = quote(cat("\nThe value of delta is: ", delta, "\n\n")), at = list(c(12,3,3))) ## Try it a <- pretty(c(1, 7843)) b <- pretty(c(2, 23)) ## Clean up untrace('pretty.default') Questions: So here are my questions: Is there a way to print out a function (or a parsed version of it) with the lines nicely labeled by the steps to which they belong? Alternatively, is there another easier way, from the command line, to quickly set debugging code for a specific line within a function? Addendum: I used the pretty.default() example because it is reasonably tame, but with real/interesting functions, repeatedly using as.list() quickly gets tiresome and distracting. Here's an example: as.list(as.list(as.list(as.list(as.list(as.list(as.list(as.list(as.list(body(# model.frame.default))[[26]])[[3]])[[2]])[[4]])[[3]])[[4]])[[4]])[[4]])[[3]]

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  • Updating section in ConfigParser (or an alternative)

    - by lyrae
    I am making a plugin for another program and so I am trying to make thing as lightweight as possible. What i need to do is be able to update the name of a section in the ConfigParser's config file. [project name] author:john doe email: [email protected] year: 2010 I then have text fields where user can edit project's name, author, email and year. I don't think changing [project name] is possible, so I have thought of two solutions: 1 -Have my config file like this: [0] projectname: foobar author:john doe email: [email protected] year: 2010 that way i can change project's name just like another option. But the problem is, i would need the section # to be auto incremented. And to do this i would have to get every section, sort of, and figure out what the next number should be. The other option would be to delete the entire section and its value, and re-add it with the updated values which would require a little more work as well, such as passing a variable that holds the old section name through functions, etc, but i wouldn't mind if it's faster. Which of the two is best? or is there another way? I am willing to go with the fastest/lightweight solution possible, doesn't matter if it requires more work or not.

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