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  • Use IIS Application Initialization for keeping ASP.NET Apps alive

    - by Rick Strahl
    Ever want to run a service-like, always-on application inside of ASP.NET instead of creating a Windows Service or running a Console application? Need to make sure that your ASP.NET application is always running and comes up immediately after an Application Pool restart even if nobody hits your site? The IIS Application Initialization Module provides this functionality in IIS 7 and later, making it much easier to create always-on ASP.NET applications that can act like a service.

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  • IIS MIME type for XML content

    - by Rodolfo
    recently a third party plugin I'm using to display online magazines stopped working on mobile devices. According to their help page, this happens for people serving with IIS. Their solution is to set the MIME type .xml to "application/xml". It's by default set to "text/xml". Changing it does work, but would that have unintended side effects or is it actually the correct way and IIS just set it wrong?

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  • Understanding IIS Bindings

    - by OWScott
    Internet Information Services (IIS) uses 4 decision points for the site bindings.  They are the protocol, port, IP and host header.  This video lesson walks through the bindings and shows how each one is used. This is part 5 of a 52 week series on various topics for the Web Administrator. Other weeks include: Week 1 – Ping and Tracert Week 2 – Understanding DNS zone records Week 3 – Nslookup – the Ultimate DNS Troubleshooting Tool Week 4 – Three Tricks for Capturing Command Line Output Understanding IIS Bindings

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  • ASP.NET Routing not working on IIS 7.0

    - by Rick Strahl
    I ran into a nasty little problem today when deploying an application using ASP.NET 4.0 Routing to my live server. The application and its Routing were working just fine on my dev machine (Windows 7 and IIS 7.5), but when I deployed (Windows 2008 R1 and IIS 7.0) Routing would just not work. Every time I hit a routed url IIS would just throw up a 404 error: This is an IIS error, not an ASP.NET error so this doesn’t actually come from ASP.NET’s routing engine but from IIS’s handling of expressionless URLs. Note that it’s clearly falling through all the way to the StaticFile handler which is the last handler to fire in the typical IIS handler list. In other words IIS is trying to parse the extension less URL and not firing it into ASP.NET but failing. As I mentioned on my local machine this all worked fine and to make sure local and live setups match I re-copied my Web.config, double checked handler mappings in IIS and re-copied the actual application assemblies to the server. It all looked exactly matched. However no workey on the server with IIS 7.0!!! Finally, totally by chance, I remembered the runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests attribute flag on the modules key in web.config and set it to true: <system.webServer> <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true"> <add name="ScriptCompressionModule" type="Westwind.Web.ScriptCompressionModule,Westwind.Web" /> </modules> </system.webServer> And lo and behold, Routing started working on the live server and IIS 7.0! This seems really obvious now of course, but the really tricky thing about this is that on IIS 7.5 this key is not necessary. So on my Windows 7 machine ASP.NET Routing was working just fine without the key set. However on IIS 7.0 on my live server the same missing setting was not working. On IIS 7.0 this key must be present or Routing will not work. Oddly on IIS 7.5 it appears that you can’t even turn off the behavior – setting runtAllManagedModuleForAllRequests="false" had no effect at all and Routing continued to work just fine even with the flag set to false, which is NOT what I would have expected. Kind of disappointing too that Windows Server 2008 (R1) can’t be upgraded to IIS 7.5. It sure seems like that should have been possible since the OS server core changes in R2 are pretty minor. For the future I really hope Microsoft will allow updating IIS versions without tying them explicitly to the OS. It looks like that with the release of IIS Express Microsoft has taken some steps to untie some of those tight OS links from IIS. Let’s hope that’s the case for the future – it sure is nice to run the same IIS version on dev and live boxes, but upgrading live servers is too big a deal to do just because an updated OS release came out. Moral of the story – never assume that your dev setup will work as is on the live setup. It took me forever to figure this out because I assumed that because my web.config on the local machine was fine and working and I copied all relevant web.config data to the server it can’t be the configuration settings. I was looking everywhere but in the .config file forever before getting desperate and remembering the flag when I accidentally checked the intellisense settings in the modules key. Never assume anything. The other moral is: Try to keep your dev machine and server OS’s in sync whenever possible. Maybe it’s time to upgrade to Windows Server 2008 R2 after all. More info on Extensionless URLs in IIS Want to find out more exactly on how extensionless Urls work on IIS 7? The check out  How ASP.NET MVC Routing Works and its Impact on the Performance of Static Requests which goes into great detail on the complexities of the process. Thanks to Jeff Graves for pointing me at this article – a great linked reference for this topic!© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2011Posted in IIS7  Windows  

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  • Release Candidates of Application Initialization and Dynamic IP Restrictions Released

    - by The Official Microsoft IIS Site
    Two new Release Candidates for the following IIS Extensions have been released today: Application Initialization for IIS 7.5 (the replacement for the previously released Application Warmup beta extension) Dynamic IP Restrictions for IIS7/7.5 Application Initialization for IIS 7.5 Application Initialization is a feature which is coming in IIS 8.0 and is now also available for IIS 7.5 (please note this feature is not available for IIS 7.0).   This module helps to eliminate the lack of feedback...(read more)

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  • Is it possible to define a virtual directory in IIS and make the files relative to the physical dir

    - by Mikey John
    Is it possible to define a virtual directory in IIS and somehow make the files in that directory relative to the physical directory and not to the virtual directory ? For instance on my server I have the following folders: D:\WebSite\Css\myTheme.css, D:\WebSite\Images\image1.jpg I created a virtual directory on IIS resources.mysite: Inside my website I reference the sheet like this resources.mysite/myTheme.css But inside myTheme.css I reference pictures from ../Images/images1.jpg. So the problem is that image1.jpg is not found because it is relative to the physical folder and not the virtual folder on IIS. Can I solve this problem without modifying the style sheet ?

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  • IIS cache control header settings

    - by a_m0d
    I'm currently working on a website that is accessed over https. We have recently come across a problem where we are unable to view .pdf files or any other type of file that is sent as an attachment (Content-Disposition:attachment). According to Microsoft Knowledge Base this is due to the fact that Cache-Control is set to no-cache. However, we have a requirement that all pages be fully reloaded every time they are visited, so we have disabled caching on all pages (through our ASP code, not through IIS settings). However, I have made a special case of this one page that shows the attachment, and it now returns a header with Cache-Control:private and the expiry set to 1 minute in the future. This works fine when I test it on my local machine, using https. However, when I deploy it to our test server and try it, the response headers still return Cache-Control:no-cache. There is no firewall or anything between me and the server, so IIS itself must be adding these headers and replacing mine. I have no idea why it would do this, and it doesn't really make any sense, but it seems to be the only option at the moment (I haven't yet found any other place in the code that will change the cache headers). Can anyone point me to a possible place where IIS might be setting these header values?

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  • IIS: How to get the Metabase path?

    - by Ian Boyd
    i'm trying to get the list of mime types known to an IIS server (which you can see was asked and and answered by me 2 years ago). The copy-pasted answer involves: GetObject("IIS://LocalHost/MimeMap") msdn GetObject("IIS://localhost/mimemap") KB246068 GetObject("IIS://localhost/MimeMap") Scott Hanselman's Blog new DirectoryEntry("IIS://Localhost/MimeMap")) Stack Overflow new DirectoryEntry("IIS://Localhost/MimeMap")) Stack Overflow New DirectoryServices.DirectoryEntry("IIS://localhost/MimeMap") Velocity Reviews You get the idea. Everyone agrees that you use a magical path iis://localhost/mimemap. And this works great, except for the times when it doesn't. The only clue i can find as to why it fails, is from an IIS MVP, Chris Crowe's, blog: string ServerName = "LocalHost"; string MetabasePath = "IIS://" + ServerName + "/MimeMap"; // Note: This could also be something like // string MetabasePath = "IIS://" + ServerName + "/w3svc/1/root"; DirectoryEntry MimeMap = new DirectoryEntry(MetabasePath); There are two clues here: He calls iis://localhost/mimemap the Metabase Path. Which sounds to me like it is some sort of "path" to a "metabase". He says that the path to the metabase could be something else; and he gives an example of what it could be like. Right now i, and the entire planet, are hardcoding the "MetabasePath" as iis://localhost/MimeMap What should it really be? What should the code be doing to construct a valid MetabasePath? Note: i'm not getting an access denied error, the error is the same when you have an invalid MetabasePath, e.g. iis://localhost/SoTiredOfThis

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  • Where is my IIS change going to be applied?

    - by The Official Microsoft IIS Site
    When you make a change to a website in Internet Information Services (IIS) 6, it is straightforward where your change was going to be applied. All information is stored in the Metabase. Starting with IIS 7, information is stored in a variety of places. Sometimes the site or server change that you make is stored in a web.config file at the server level. Other times the change is stored in the main IIS configuration file, aplicationHost.config. To complicate it further, sometimes the change is stored...(read more)

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  • IIS 7.5 can't access file from managed code

    - by Bob
    I am working on a project that is click-once deployed from an IIS 7.5 web server. After installing the parent application (i.e. setting up the IIS site) I am able to hit the url for the click-once app's config file from a remote box. HOWEVER, when I attempt to do the same thing from my app (and the stub app below), I get a 401 Unauthorized. What is the difference between hitting the URL from IE, and from a .NET app? The file and directory itself have full control granted to everyone on the webserver at the moment, and I am an admin on the box. We are using Windows Authentication with NTLM only. Thanks, -Bob Here is the stub app that produces the 401 - Unauthorized when on the doc.Load() line. I can hit the same URL successfully from IE and open the file... static void Main(string[] args) { Console.WriteLine("Config Test"); string filename = "http://dev-rs/myClient/myClickOnce/myApp.config.xml"; Console.WriteLine(filename); XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument(); doc.Load(filename); Console.WriteLine("Loaded"); Console.WriteLine("Inner Text : " + doc.InnerText); }

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  • IIS 7.5 receive emails?

    - by Cine
    In the good old days with IIS 6, it was possible to use the SEOLib to make a managed hook in the SMTP service that would run whenever a mail got delivered. In Vista and W7 they stopped shipping SEOLib, so we can no longer develop for it. What is the replacement for this functionality?

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  • Microsoft MVP 2013 - ASP.NET/IIS

    - by hajan
    Microsoft MVP 2013 I AM VERY PLEASED TO ANNOUNCE THAT I'VE BEEN AWARDED MICROSOFT MVP 2013 - ASP.NET/IIS I'm honored and it feels great to see this kind of appreciation for what we do in community.This is my third year in a row being Microsoft MVP and getting the email from Microsoft feels exactly the same as the very first one... I'm pleased and really happy to be awarded again.And, here is part of the email message I got: Dear Hajan Selmani, Congratulations! We are pleased to present you with the 2013 Microsoft® MVP Award! This award is given to exceptional technical community leaders who actively share their high quality, real world expertise with others. We appreciate your outstanding contributions in ASP.NET/IIS technical communities during the past year. I would like to say a great THANK YOU to everyone who supports me in the quest of sharing and caring about others in community. A special THANK YOU to Microsoft who brings us this opportunity to encourage our work and increase our enthusiasm to create better community and make great impact through the products and technologies they innovate. Thanks to Yulia Belyanina & Alessandro Teglia for their leadership! Thanks to my family, friends, colleagues, students, acquaintances and all stakeholders who are directly or indirectly involved in my network and deserve respect for my success to getting awarded again with the most prestigious award in community, Microsoft MVP. THANK YOU! Hajan

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  • Port numbers in Visual Studio projects and IIS

    - by aspdotnetuser
    I have a few questions about localhost and port numbers as this is an area where I do not have a lot of knowledge, and because I recently had to work with setting up Visual Studio projects and IIS and there are things I'm not clear on. I have the following questions on the things I find confusing. I thought it made more sense to include them all in one question instead of making separate questions. I have noticed a random port number is generated with projects I have worked on in the past, but I recently saw a project where the port number was fixed. What is the purpose of having a fixed/default localhost port number? i.e is it particularly useful on projects that have many programmers working on the project? If a solution contains multiple projects (for example, WCF services, Domain, MVC/Web pages), is it possible to setup a different localhost port for each of them? If so, what is the benefit of this? If a solution contains multiple projects and has different localhost urls/port numbers, must there be a corresponding website (and application pool) for each project in IIS? Or just for the project that contains the actual web pages?

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  • Trouble with IIS SMTP relaying to Gmail

    - by saille
    I appreciate that similar questions have been asked about how to setup SMTP relaying with IIS's virtual SMTP server. However I'm still completely stumped on this problem. Here's the setup: IIS 6.0 SMTP server running on Win2k3 box with a NAT'ed IP. Company uses Gmail for all email services. An app on the box needs to send email, so normally we'd just set the app up to talk to smtp.gmail.com directly, but this app doesn't support TLS. Easy, we just setup a local SMTP relay right? So I thought. What we have done so far: Setup IIS SMTP server to relay to smtp.gmail.com, as per these excellent instructions: http://fmuntean.wordpress.com/2008/10/26/how-to-configure-iis-smtp-server-to-forward-emails-using-a-gmail-account/ The local SMTP relay allows anonymous access. Both the local IP and the loopback IP have been explicitly allowed in the Connection... and Relay... dialogs. Tried sending email from 2 different apps via the local SMTP server, but failed (the emails end up in the Queue folder, but never get sent). The IIS logs show the conversation with the local app, but zero conversation happening with smtp.gmail.com. The port used by gmail is open outbound, and indeed the apps we have that support TLS can send email directly via smtp.gmail.com, so there is no problem with the network. At this point I changed the smtp settings in IIS SMTP server to use a different external SMTP server and hey-presto, the local apps can send email via local IIS SMTP relay. So smtp.gmail.com fails to work with our IIS SMTP relay, but another 3rd party SMTP service works fine. We need to use smtp.gmail.com, so how to troubleshoot this one?

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  • Trouble with IIS SMTP relaying to Gmail

    - by saille
    I appreciate that similar questions have been asked about how to setup SMTP relaying with IIS's virtual SMTP server. However I'm still completely stumped on this problem. Here's the setup: IIS 6.0 SMTP server running on Win2k3 box with a NAT'ed IP. Company uses Gmail for all email services. An app on the box needs to send email, so normally we'd just set the app up to talk to smtp.gmail.com directly, but this app doesn't support TLS. Easy, we just setup a local SMTP relay right? So I thought. What we have done so far: Setup IIS SMTP server to relay to smtp.gmail.com, as per these excellent instructions: http://fmuntean.wordpress.com/2008/10/26/how-to-configure-iis-smtp-server-to-forward-emails-using-a-gmail-account/ The local SMTP relay allows anonymous access. Both the local IP and the loopback IP have been explicitly allowed in the Connection and Relay dialogs. Tried sending email from 2 different apps via the local SMTP server, but failed (the emails end up in the Queue folder, but never get sent). The IIS logs show the conversation with the local app, but zero conversation happening with smtp.gmail.com. The port used by gmail is open outbound, and indeed the apps we have that support TLS can send email directly via smtp.gmail.com, so there is no problem with the network. At this point I changed the smtp settings in IIS SMTP server to use a different external SMTP server and hey-presto, the local apps can send email via local IIS SMTP relay. So smtp.gmail.com fails to work with our IIS SMTP relay, but another 3rd party SMTP service works fine. We need to use smtp.gmail.com, so how to troubleshoot this one?

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  • Checking out the Helios IIS Owin Web Server Host

    - by Rick Strahl
    During last week's MVP summit Microsoft showed a new light weight, Owin host called Helios, that can run directly on the IIS core without using the ASP.NET Runtime. It's light weight and fast, and offers a glimpse into where Microsoft is heading for building a more nimble and componentized runtime that is bound to be more flexible and agile. In this post I describe how to set up Helios to play around with and some of the implications it brings.

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  • Getting a WCF service hosted in IIS 7.0

    - by gregarobinson
     This was not as easy as I thought it would be...lots of errors. These links saved me:  http://blah.winsmarts.com/2008-4-Host_a_WCF_Service_in_IIS_7_-and-amp;_Windows_2008_-_The_right_way.aspx http://blog.donnfelker.com/2007/03/26/iis-7-this-configuration-section-cannot-be-used-at-this-path/   

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  • Convert video files for home IIS server [closed]

    - by Jey
    I am finally learning to set up an IIS server (personal use only) and I thought it would be cool to have some videos on it for me to watch when I am away from home. Since I'm usually on 3G (iPhone) or work wifi, I'd like to convert them to an optimal format that will stream fast. The video files are mostly avi and mp4 (from 30 minutes to 2 hours in length). What would be an easy and fast way to go about doing this? Thanks.

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  • IIS8 Memory Improvements

    - by The Official Microsoft IIS Site
    There is a lot of buzz in the Internet Information Services (IIS) community about IIS 8, the version of IIS that is included with Windows Server 2012. While there are plenty of new features in IIS 8, for this writing I am going to focus on the memory improvements that you will see for the application pools. Memory is a key resource on an IIS server as it is often the first limiting factor if you planned your CPU and disk requirements appropriately. I was fortunate to be able to attend TechEd North...(read more)

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  • How to cluster two IIS servers for failover?

    - by Ram Gopal
    We have IIS servers running in 2 machines hosting few webservices which provided some integration services to an old document Mgmt system, word/excel related service, etc.... We need to cluster/load balance these 2 IIS in order to achieve a fail-over. i.e If one of the IIS server is down, the other on should be able to handle the request. The reverse proxy used in the DMZ is also IIS 7.5 Our overall business application is in fact a J2EE one and we have successfully deployed on a weblogic cluster installed on the same two machines and load balance from the same above mentioned IIS reverse proxy at DMZ. But we do not know how to achieve this in case of IIS.

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  • IIS Manager IIS6 Rights Management on Windows Server 2003

    - by Chris
    We are using a dedicated hosting provider to host several of our public websites. There are two development teams/divisions within our company who each maintain public websites on these same servers. Is there a way through ACLs or some sort of rights management (e.g. individual logins) that I would only be able to see and maintain only my public sites and the other development team could only see and maintain their sites? Thanks! Chris

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  • Creating a Reverse Proxy with URL Rewrite for IIS

    - by OWScott
    There are times when you need to reverse proxy through a server. The most common example is when you have an internal web server that isn’t exposed to the internet, and you have a public web server accessible to the internet. If you want to serve up traffic from the internal web server, you can do this through the public web server by creating a tunnel (aka reverse proxy). Essentially, you can front the internal web server with a friendly URL, even hiding custom ports. For example, consider an internal web server with a URL of http://10.10.0.50:8111. You can make that available through a public URL like http://tools.mysite.com/ as seen in the following image. The URL can be made public or it can be used for your internal staff and have it password protected and/or locked down by IP address. This is easy to do with URL Rewrite and IIS. You will also need Application Request Routing (ARR) installed even though for a simple reverse proxy you won’t use most of ARR’s functionality. If you don’t already have URL Rewrite and ARR installed you can do so easily with the Web Platform Installer. A lot can be said about reverse proxies and many different situations and ways to route the traffic and handle different URL patterns. However, my goal here is to get you up and going in the easiest way possible. Then you can dig in deeper after you get the base configuration in place. URL Rewrite makes a reverse proxy very easy to set up. Note that the URL Rewrite Add Rules template doesn’t include Reverse Proxy at the server level. That’s not to say that you can’t create a server-level reverse proxy, but the URL Rewrite rules template doesn’t help you with that. Getting Started First you must create a website on your public web server that has the public bindings that you need. Alternately, you can use an existing site and route using conditions for certain traffic. After you’ve created your site then open up URL Rewrite at the site level. Using the “Add Rule(s)…” template that is opened from the right-hand actions pane, create a new Reverse Proxy rule. If you receive a prompt (the first time) that the proxy functionality needs to be enabled, select OK. This is telling you that a proxy can route traffic outside of your web server, which happens to be our goal in this case. Be aware that reverse proxy rules can be dangerous if you open sites from inside you network to the world, so just be aware of what you’re doing and why. The next and final step of the template asks a few questions. The first textbox asks the name of the internal web server. In our example, it’s 10.10.0.50:8111. This can be any URL, including a subfolder like internal.mysite.com/blog. Don’t include the http or https here. The template assumes that it’s not entered. You can choose whether to perform SSL Offloading or not. If you leave this checked then all requests to the internal server will be over HTTP regardless of the original web request. This can help with performance and SSL bindings if all requests are within a trusted network. If the network path between the two web servers is not completely trusted and safe then uncheck this. Next, the template enables you to create an outbound rule. This is used to rewrite links in the page to look like your public domain name rather than the internal domain name. Outbound rules have a lot of CPU overhead because the entire web content needs to be parsed and updated. However, if you need it, then it’s well worth the extra CPU hit on the web server. If you check the “Rewrite the domain names of the links in HTTP responses” checkbox then the From textbox will be filled in with what you entered for the inbound rule. You can enter your friendly public URL for the outbound rule. This will essentially replace any reference to 10.10.0.50:8111 (or whatever you enter) with tools.mysite.com in all <a>, <form>, and <img> tags on your site. That’s it! Well, there is a lot more that you can do, this but will give you the base configuration. You can now visit www.mysite.com on your public web server and it will serve up the site from your internal web server. You should see two rules show up; one inbound and one outbound. You can edit these, add conditions, and tweak them further as needed. One common issue that can occur without outbound rules has to do with compression. If you run into errors with the new proxied site, try turning off compression to confirm if that’s the issue. Here’s a link with details on how to deal with compression and outbound rules. I hope this was helpful to get started and to see how easy it is to create a simple reverse proxy using URL Rewrite for IIS.

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  • Issues With IIS Hosting Two Domains From Same Folder [closed]

    - by Bob Mc
    I have two different domain names that resolve to the same ASP.Net site. Both domains are hosted on the same server, which runs Windows Server 2003 and IIS6. The sites are differentiated in IIS Manager using host headers. However, both of the sites point to the same folder on the local drive for the site's page files. I am occasionally experiencing an ASP.Net error that says "The state information is invalid for this page and might be corrupted." I'm the site developer so I've addressed all the relevant code-related causes for this issue. However, I was wondering whether having two domains/sites sharing the same folder for an ASP.Net application might be causing this intermittent error. Also, is this generally a bad practice? Should I make separate, duplicate folders for each of the domains? Seems like that can become a maintenance headache.

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