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• Make it simple. Make it work.

  - by Sean Feldman

  In 2010 I had an experience to work for a business that had lots of challenges. One of those challenges was luck of technical architecture and business value recognition which translated in spending enormous amount of manpower and money on creating C++ solutions for desktop client w/o using .NET to minimize “footprint” (2#) of the client application in deployment environments. This was an awkward experience, considering that C++ custom code was created from scratch to make clients talk to .NET backend while simple having .NET as a dependency would cut time to market by at least 50% (and I’m downplaying the estimate). Regardless, recent Microsoft announcement about .NET vNext has reminded me that experience and how short sighted architecture at that company was. Investment made into making C++ client that cannot be maintained internally by team due to it’s specialization in .NET have created a situation where code to maintain will be more brutal over the time and  number of developers understanding it will be going and shrinking. Not only that. The ability to go cross-platform (#3) and performance achievement gained with native compilation (#1) would be an immediate pay back. Why am I saying all this? To make a simple point to myself and remind again – when working on a product that needs to get to the market, make it simple, make it work, and then see how technology is changing and how you can adopt. Simplicity will not let you down. But a complex solution will always do.

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• Why is my Tiled map distorted when rendered with LibGDX?

  - by Sean

  I have a Tiled map that looks like this in the editor: But when I load it using an AssetManager (full static source available on GitHub) it appears completely askew. I believe the relevant portion of the code is below. This is the entire method; the others are either empty or might as well be. private OrthographicCamera camera; private AssetManager assetManager; private BitmapFont font; private SpriteBatch batch; private TiledMap map; private TiledMapRenderer renderer; @Override public void create() { float w = Gdx.graphics.getWidth(); float h = Gdx.graphics.getHeight(); camera = new OrthographicCamera(); assetManager = new AssetManager(); batch = new SpriteBatch(); font = new BitmapFont(); camera.setToOrtho(false, (w / h) * 10, 10); camera.update(); assetManager.setLoader(TiledMap.class, new TmxMapLoader( new InternalFileHandleResolver())); assetManager.load(AssetInfo.ICE_CAVE.assetPath, TiledMap.class); assetManager.finishLoading(); map = assetManager.get(AssetInfo.ICE_CAVE.assetPath); renderer = new IsometricTiledMapRenderer(map, 1f/64f); }

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• Impromptu-interface

  - by Sean Feldman

  While trying to solve a problem of removing conditional execution from my code, I wanted to take advantage of .NET 4.0 and it’s dynamic capabilities. Going with DynamicObject or ExpandoObject initially didn’t get me any success since those by default support properties and indexes, but not methods. Luckily, I have a reply for my post and learned about this great OSS library called impromptu-interface. It based on DLR capabilities in .NET 4.0 and I have to admit that it made my code extremely simple – no more if :)

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• Fastest pathfinding for static node matrix

  - by Sean Martin

  I'm programming a route finding routine in VB.NET for an online game I play, and I'm searching for the fastest route finding algorithm for my map type. The game takes place in space, with thousands of solar systems connected by jump gates. The game devs have provided a DB dump containing a list of every system and the systems it can jump to. The map isn't quite a node tree, since some branches can jump to other branches - more of a matrix. What I need is a fast pathfinding algorithm. I have already implemented an A* routine and a Dijkstra's, both find the best path but are too slow for my purposes - a search that considers about 5000 nodes takes over 20 seconds to compute. A similar program on a website can do the same search in less than a second. This website claims to use D*, which I have looked into. That algorithm seems more appropriate for dynamic maps rather than one that does not change - unless I misunderstand it's premise. So is there something faster I can use for a map that is not your typical tile/polygon base? GBFS? Perhaps a DFS? Or have I likely got some problem with my A* - maybe poorly chosen heuristics or movement cost? Currently my movement cost is the length of the jump (the DB dump has solar system coordinates as well), and the heuristic is a quick euclidean calculation from the node to the goal. In case anyone has some optimizations for my A*, here is the routine that consumes about 60% of my processing time, according to my profiler. The coordinateData table contains a list of every system's coordinates, and neighborNode.distance is the distance of the jump. Private Function findDistance(ByVal startSystem As Integer, ByVal endSystem As Integer) As Integer 'hCount += 1 'If hCount Mod 0 = 0 Then 'Return hCache 'End If 'Initialize variables to be filled Dim x1, x2, y1, y2, z1, z2 As Integer 'LINQ queries for solar system data Dim systemFromData = From result In jumpDataDB.coordinateDatas Where result.systemId = startSystem Select result.x, result.y, result.z Dim systemToData = From result In jumpDataDB.coordinateDatas Where result.systemId = endSystem Select result.x, result.y, result.z 'LINQ execute 'Fill variables with solar system data for from and to system For Each solarSystem In systemFromData x1 = (solarSystem.x) y1 = (solarSystem.y) z1 = (solarSystem.z) Next For Each solarSystem In systemToData x2 = (solarSystem.x) y2 = (solarSystem.y) z2 = (solarSystem.z) Next Dim x3 = Math.Abs(x1 - x2) Dim y3 = Math.Abs(y1 - y2) Dim z3 = Math.Abs(z1 - z2) 'Calculate distance and round 'Dim distance = Math.Round(Math.Sqrt(Math.Abs((x1 - x2) ^ 2) + Math.Abs((y1 - y2) ^ 2) + Math.Abs((z1 - z2) ^ 2))) Dim distance = firstConstant * Math.Min(secondConstant * (x3 + y3 + z3), Math.Max(x3, Math.Max(y3, z3))) 'Dim distance = Math.Abs(x1 - x2) + Math.Abs(z1 - z2) + Math.Abs(y1 - y2) 'hCache = distance Return distance End Function And the main loop, the other 30% 'Begin search While openList.Count() != 0 'Set current system and move node to closed currentNode = lowestF() move(currentNode.id) For Each neighborNode In neighborNodes If Not onList(neighborNode.toSystem, 0) Then If Not onList(neighborNode.toSystem, 1) Then Dim newNode As New nodeData() newNode.id = neighborNode.toSystem newNode.parent = currentNode.id newNode.g = currentNode.g + neighborNode.distance newNode.h = findDistance(newNode.id, endSystem) newNode.f = newNode.g + newNode.h newNode.security = neighborNode.security openList.Add(newNode) shortOpenList(OLindex) = newNode.id OLindex += 1 Else Dim proposedG As Integer = currentNode.g + neighborNode.distance If proposedG < gValue(neighborNode.toSystem) Then changeParent(neighborNode.toSystem, currentNode.id, proposedG) End If End If End If Next 'Check to see if done If currentNode.id = endSystem Then Exit While End If End While If clarification is needed on my spaghetti code, I'll try to explain.

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• Reflector – The King is Dead. Long Live the King.

  - by Sean Feldman

  There was enough of responses for Red Gate announcement about free version of .NET Reflector. Neither there’s a need to explain how useful the tool is for almost any .NET developer. There were a lot of talks about the price – $35 is it something to make noise about or just accept it and move on. Honestly, I couldn’t make my mind and was sitting on a fence. Today I learned some really exciting news – two (not one), two different initiatives to replace Reflector. A completely free ILSpy from SharpDevelop Commercial later to be stand-alone free decompiler tool from JetBrains These are great news. First – ILSpy is already doing what I need – you can download it and start using. Having experience with a few projects from SharpDevelop I believe it will be a great tool to have. One of immediate things that I found is reflecting obfuscated assemblies. Reflector blows up and closes, where ILSpy takes it gracefully and just shows an exception with no additional popup windows. JetBrains – company I highly respect. This is the case where I would continue paying money for their product and get more productivity. I am heavily relying on R# to do my job, and having a reflecting option would only add oil into fire of convincing others to use the tool. Though what I was excited was the statement JetBrains boldly put out: …it’s going to be released this year, and it’s going to be free of charge. And by saying “free”, we actually mean “free”.

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• Ubuntu 12.04, xbmc, opengl, intel motherboard

  - by Sean Hagen

  I've got an HTPC that I built myself, with a Asus P5G41T-M Motherboard. It's got an on-board HDMI port, and I've been using that with no problems. I started out with Mythbuntu ( an older version ), and recently updated to 12.04.1 LTS without any issues. I've been thinking about trying out XBMC for a while, and I decided to give it a go. Unfortunately, I seem to be running into quite a few issues. I got XBMC installed from the repos without any issues, but when I try to run it from a console, a box pops up with the following: XBMC needs hardware accelerated OpenGL rendering. Install an appropriate graphics driver. Please consule XBMC Wiki for supported hardware http://wiki.xbmc.org/?title=Supported_hardware In the console, it prints out the following: X Error of failed request: BadRequest (invalid request code or no such operation) Major opcode of failed request: 136 (GLX) Minor opcode of failed request: 19 (X_GLXQueryServerString) Serial number of failed request: 12 Current serial number in output stream: 12 When I run vainfo, I get this: libva: VA-API version 0.32.0 libva: va_getDriverName() returns 0 libva: Trying to open /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/i965_drv_video.so libva: va_openDriver() returns 0 vainfo: VA-API version: 0.32 (libva 1.0.15) vainfo: Driver version: Intel i965 driver - 1.0.15 vainfo: Supported profile and entrypoints VAProfileMPEG2Simple : VAEntrypointVLD VAProfileMPEG2Main : VAEntrypointVLD The file /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/i964_drv_video.so exists: # ls -l /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/i965_drv_video.so -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 628728 Mar 29 2012 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/i965_drv_video.so And in /var/log/Xorg.0.log the following error pops up: GLX error: Can not get required symbols. I'm not really sure where to go from here. I've tried searching all over for how to fix this problem. I've done "apt-get --reinstall xserver-xorg" ( as well as a few other video driver packages ) a few times, and no change. Any help in getting this issue sorted out would be awesome.

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• Why is email HTML stuck in the 90's?

  - by Sean Dunwoody

  (disclaimer - I've already tried asking this on StackOverflow, but apparently it was off topic. If the same is true here please let me know and I'll close/delete this question.) I've spent about a day putting together a frustrating email newsletter, using tables, inline styles etc. It feels a lot harder than it should be. I was just wondering, is there any reason why email clients have such poor support of HTML and CSS (CSS in particular)? I would have imagined they'd be scrambling to outdo each other in this department ... Is is a security thing (I can't really imagine why)? Or are they just lazy?

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• How to Install Moodle to subdomain with softaculous via cpanel

  - by Sean

  Hi there i installed moodle to a directory with softaculous as it doesn't allow installing to subdomain, after install I created a subdomain and pointed the destination (of subdomain) to previously created moodle directory, now when I go to the subdomain.example.com it says Incorrect access detected, this server may be accessed only through "http://example.com/moodle" address, sorry. Please notify server administrator. Any suggestions much appreciated! I must be doing something wrong, when installing it was very similar to these instructions

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• std::map for storing static const Objects

  - by Sean M.

  I am making a game similar to Minecraft, and I am trying to fine a way to keep a map of Block objects sorted by their id. This is almost identical to the way that Minecraft does it, in that they declare a bunch of static final Block objects and initialize them, and then the constructor of each block puts a reference of that block into whatever the Java equivalent of a std::map is, so there is a central place to get ids and the Blocks with those ids. The problem is, that I am making my game in C++, and trying to do the exact same thing. In Block.h, I am declaring the Blocks like so: //Block.h public: static const Block Vacuum; static const Block Test; And in Block.cpp I am initializing them like so: //Block.cpp const Block Block::Vacuum = Block("Vacuum", 0, 0); const Block Block::Test = Block("Test", 1, 0); The block constructor looks like this: Block::Block(std::string name, uint16 id, uint8 tex) { //Check for repeat ids if (IdInUse(id)) { fprintf(stderr, "Block id %u is already in use!", (uint32)id); throw std::runtime_error("You cannot reuse block ids!"); } _id = id; //Check for repeat names if (NameInUse(name)) { fprintf(stderr, "Block name %s is already in use!", name); throw std::runtime_error("You cannot reuse block names!"); } _name = name; _tex = tex; //fprintf(stdout, "Using texture %u\n", _tex); _transparent = false; _solidity = 1.0f; idMap[id] = this; nameMap[name] = this; } And finally, the maps that I'm using to store references of Blocks in relation to their names and ids are declared as such: std::map<uint16, Block*> Block::idMap = std::map<uint16, Block*>(); //The map of block ids std::map<std::string, Block*> Block::nameMap = std::map<std::string, Block*>(); //The map of block names The problem comes when I try to get the Blocks in the maps using a method called const Block* GetBlock(uint16 id), where the last line is return idMap.at(id);. This line returns a Block with completely random values like _visibility = 0xcccc and such like that, found out through debugging. So my question is, is there something wrong with the blocks being declared as const obejcts, and then stored at pointers and accessed later on? The reason I cant store them as Block& is because that makes a copy of the Block when it is entered, so the block wouldn't have any of the attributes that could be set afterwards in the constructor of any child class, so I think I need to store them as a pointer. Any help is greatly appreciated, as I don't fully understand pointers yet. Just ask if you need to see any other parts of the code.

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• Comparing Checksums

  - by Sean Feldman

  This is something trivial, yet got me to think for a little. I had two checksums, one received from a client invoking a service, another one calculated once data sent into service is received. Checksums are plain arrays of bytes. I wanted to have comparison to be expressed as simple as possible. Quick google search brought me to a post that dealt with the same issue. But linq expression was too chatty and I think the solution was a bit muddy. So I looked a bit more into linq options presented in the post, and this is what ended up using: var matching = original_checksum.SequenceEqual(new_checksum); Sometimes things are so simple, we tend to overcomplicate them.

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• wave-vs.net

  - by Sean Feldman

  This is an interesting plug-in for VS.NET 2008/2010 to allow remote pair-programming. I’m a big advocate for pair-programming and collaborative work, so this plug-in has its place in the real world. I used to pair-program with a developer that was remote, and we used VNC/RDC, but this one is way better.

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• Orthographic Zooming with 0,0 at top/left

  - by Sean M.

  I'm trying to implement zooming on my 2D game. Since it's using orthographic projection, I thought it would be easy to implement zooming. After looking around the internet, I found a bunch of explanations and samples on how to do this if (0,0) is the center of the screen with the orthographic projection. The problem is, my ortho projection has (0,0) at the top-left (similar to XNA/Monogame, and a couple others). I could not find any examples about how to implement zooming to the center of the screen when the center is not (0,0). And help/links/code examples would be greatly appreciated.

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• Reading/Writing Promoted Properties from BRE

  - by Sean Feldman

  ESB Toolkit Extensions is an open-source library giving you an extended BRE/BRI provider to read and write promoted properties of a message within business rules engine. I’ve used it to achieve automated process for mapping to canonical schema and then back to destination schema based on receiver ID as a promoted property (will blog on this later). A very useful library!

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• Install Moodle to subdomain with Softaculous via cPanel

  - by Sean

  I installed Moodle to a directory with Softaculous. Since it doesn't allow installing to a subdomain, after installing it I created a subdomain and pointed the destination (of the subdomain) to the previously created Moodle directory. Now when I go to the subdomain.example.com it says Incorrect access detected, this server may be accessed only through "http://example.com/moodle" address, sorry. Please notify server administrator. I must be doing something wrong, when installing it was very similar to these instructions. Any suggestions would be much appreciated.

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• How do I stop my ethernet network connection from dropping?

  - by Sean Hill

  My ethernet-based network connection doesn't stay up consistently. I'm running a ping against the gateway and it will: Work for a minute Freeze, time out, or give multi-second response times Repeat If it's stuck and I disable/enable networking through the network manager applet everything will work fine again for a minute. After 280 packets transmitted I'm getting 41% packet loss. I've tried a different cable and connection to the gateway but this had no effect. The distance to the gateway is just about 3 feet. Seems to work fine if I switch over to Windows, but Ubuntu is my main OS and I can't even use it right now as I depend on the network. My setup... OS: Ubuntu 11.04, dual-booting Windows 7 Mobo: Gigabyte Z68X-UD4-B3 CPU: Intel Core i7 2600K Edit A little clarification... Network Manager is still showing me as connected, but I am unable to reach to gateway or anything beyond. At no point does NM suggest the connection is lost and calling ifconfig shows that I still have an IP address. I tried connecting to a different gateway with a different cable and the same problem arises. As requested: lspci | grep -i eth 07:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 06) dmesg | tail -f [ 14.024709] EXT4-fs (sda5): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro,commit=0 [ 14.026443] EXT4-fs (sda7): re-mounted. Opts: commit=0 [ 14.176101] hda-intel: IRQ timing workaround is activated for card #2. Suggest a bigger bdl_pos_adj. [ 23.917731] eth0: no IPv6 routers present [ 726.109697] r8169 0000:07:00.0: eth0: link up [ 733.169494] r8169 0000:07:00.0: eth0: link up [ 753.930119] r8169 0000:07:00.0: eth0: link up [ 880.787332] r8169 0000:07:00.0: eth0: link up [ 1159.161283] r8169 0000:07:00.0: eth0: link up [ 1406.623550] r8169 0000:07:00.0: eth0: link up Edit @roland-taylor: Network is always available under Windows. Pings do not timeout, applications do not complain of no network availability, large downloads are not interrupted or slowed.

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• BizTalk Project: AssemblyInfo Issue

  - by Sean Feldman

  Every new BizTalk project has the next line in AssemblyInfo.cs file:   The only way I could solve it was to instruct R# to ignore this error. Has anyone dealt with it differently?

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• BizTalk Server Pipeline Component Wizard

  - by Sean Feldman

  Time saving project to generate BizTalk Server Pipeline Components.

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• Problems Rendering Text in OpenGL Using FreeType

  - by Sean M.

  I've been following both the FreeType2 tutorial and the WikiBooks tuorial, trying to combine things from them both in order to load and render fonts using the FreeType library. I used the font loading code from the FreeType2 tutorial and tried to implement the rendering code from the wikibooks tutorial (tried being the keyword as I'm still trying to learn model OpenGL, I'm using 3.2). Everything loads correctly and I have the shader program to render the text with working, but I can't get the text to render. I'm 99% sure that it has something to do with how I cam passing data to the shader, or how I set up the screen. These are the code segments that handle OpenGL initialization, as well as Font initialization and rendering: //Init glfw if (!glfwInit()) { fprintf(stderr, "GLFW Initialization has failed!\n"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } printf("GLFW Initialized.\n"); //Process the command line arguments processCmdArgs(argc, argv); //Create the window glfwWindowHint(GLFW_SAMPLES, g_aaSamples); glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3); glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 2); g_mainWindow = glfwCreateWindow(g_screenWidth, g_screenHeight, "Voxel Shipyard", g_fullScreen ? glfwGetPrimaryMonitor() : nullptr, nullptr); if (!g_mainWindow) { fprintf(stderr, "Could not create GLFW window!\n"); closeOGL(); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } glfwMakeContextCurrent(g_mainWindow); printf("Window and OpenGL rendering context created.\n"); glClearColor(0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f, 1.0f); //Are these necessary for Modern OpenGL (3.0+)? glViewport(0, 0, g_screenWidth, g_screenHeight); glOrtho(0, g_screenWidth, g_screenHeight, 0, -1, 1); //Init glew int err = glewInit(); if (err != GLEW_OK) { fprintf(stderr, "GLEW initialization failed!\n"); fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", glewGetErrorString(err)); closeOGL(); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } printf("GLEW initialized.\n"); Here is the font file (it's slightly too big to post): CFont.h/CFont.cpp Here is the solution zipped up: [solution] (https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/36062916/VoxelShipyard.zip), if anyone feels they need the entire solution. If anyone could take a look at the code, it would be greatly appreciated. Also if someone has a tutorial that is a little more user friendly, that would also be appreciated. Thanks.

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• Failed to retrieve share list from server

  - by Eric Sean Tite Webber

  UBUNTU 11.10 NAUTILUS 3.2.1 We ARE able to see Windows PCs on our network from Ubuntu's NAUTILUS, yet we are NOT able to access their shares from NAUTILUS, even though they work fine with each other, i.e. each windows PC IS able access the other Windows PC's shares just fine. Please infer from this information the answers to any questions about our situation you may have. Note this is a default/pristine configuration, i.e. no changes have been made whatsoever. Our version of Ubuntu is: 11.10, NAUTILUS is 3.2.1 Linux tite-HP-630-Notebook-PC 3.0.0-15-generic #26-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jan 20 17:23:00 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux A screenshot is available upon request. Thanks in advance for your assistance.

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• Is it customary to write Java domain objects / data transfer objects with public member variables on mobile platforms?

  - by Sean Mickey

  We performed a code review recently of mobile application Java code that was developed by an outside contractor and noticed that all of the domain objects / data transfer objects are written in this style: public class Category { public String name; public int id; public String description; public int parentId; } public class EmergencyContact { public long id; public RelationshipType relationshipType; public String medicalProviderType; public Contact contact; public String otherPhone; public String notes; public PersonName personName; } Of course, these members are then accessed directly everywhere else in the code. When we asked about this, the developers told us that this is a customary performance enhancement design pattern that is used on mobile platforms, because mobile devices are resource-limited environments. It doesn't seem to make sense; accessing private members via public getters/setters doesn't seem like it could add much overhead. And the added benefits of encapsulation seem to outweigh the benefits of this coding style. Is this generally true? Is this something that is normally done on mobile platforms for the reasons given above? All feedback welcome and appreciated -

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• What would be the level of effort required to implement a screencapture command on a PS3 game?

  - by Sean Scott

  Looking to see what the level of effort is for implementing a screen capture command into PS3 game by a mid-level PS3 game developer. Bonus for a description of what is involved in the process... EDIT Not sure how to get back my question since it was the first but let me clarify some things. @Nate Bross, nope I am not the actor although i've fielded calls for him on occasion @coderanger my intent was to try and speak to other PS3 developers, however coming from a web development no one in my social circle close or extended develops on the PS3. Additionally i'm interested in hearing the effort required in terms of hours so that this information can be passed on to a client. A client who has a game on the PS3 using the unreal engine. Convo with devs sometimes go something like "can you implement feature a" which gets a response "this will take us 8 weeks and an army". Trying to be educated before the ask. I hope that helps If anyone here is a PS3 game dev and would like to respond off site so as not to break NDA that would be awesome. @Roger it would be from within the game, something that users can use. Something akin to the iphone screencap utility. No need to get fancier than that.

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• Run On Sentences in Technical Writing

  - by Sean Noodleson Neilan

  This is just a question to think about. When you write technical documentation and programming comments, do you ever find yourself writing run-on sentences in order to be more precise? Is packing more technical information into one sentence better than creating many little sentences each with a little bit of technical information? I know it's better to have lots of little classes in their own little files. Perhaps this doesn't apply to writing?

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• Samsung Series 5 overheating

  - by Sean Brad

  I bought a Samsung Series 5 Ultra 2 weeks ago and installed Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. I am experiencing problems with overheating. When streaming, watching a movie or when having several programms/actions going on at the same time the CPU temperature rises to 95 degrees and the computer freezes. This happens sometimes when the computer is on battery and always when it is recharging. When I am using the computer on battery the CPU temperature is floating from around 75-95 degrees depending what it's doing. When the battery is recharging the CPU temperature is ranging from 88-95 degrees no matter what tasks it performs. Have anyone experienced this and how may the problem be solved? Best regards

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• Creating collection with no code (almost)

  - by Sean Feldman

  When doing testing, I tend to create an object mother for the items generated multiple times for specifications. Quite often these objects need to be a part of a collection. A neat way to do so is to leverage .NET params mechanism: public static IEnumerable<T> CreateCollection<T>(params T[] items) { return items; } And usage is the following: private static IEnumerable<IPAddress> addresses = CreateCollection(new IPAddress(123456789), new IPAddress(987654321));

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• Simple MVVM Walkthrough – Refactored

  - by Sean Feldman

  JR has put together a good introduction post into MVVM pattern. I love kick start examples that serve the purpose well. And even more than that I love examples that also can pass the real world projects check. So I took the sample code and refactored it slightly for a few aspects that a lot of developers might raise a brow. Michael has mentioned model (entity) visibility from view. I agree on that. A few other items that don’t settle are using property names as string (magical strings) and Saver class internal casting of a parameter (custom code for each Saver command). Fixing a property names usage is a straight forward exercise – leverage expressions. Something simple like this would do the initial job: class PropertyOf<T> { public static string Resolve(Expression<Func<T, object>> expression) { var member = expression.Body as MemberExpression; return member.Member.Name; } } With this, refactoring of properties names becomes an easy task, with confidence that an old property name string will not get left behind. An updated Invoice would look like this: public class Invoice : INotifyPropertyChanged { private int id; private string receiver; public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; private void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName) { if (PropertyChanged != null) { PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName)); } } public int Id { get { return id; } set { if (id != value) { id = value; OnPropertyChanged(PropertyOf<Invoice>.Resolve(x => x.Id)); } } } public string Receiver { get { return receiver; } set { receiver = value; OnPropertyChanged(PropertyOf<Invoice>.Resolve(x => x.Receiver)); } } } For the saver, I decided to change it a little so now it becomes a “view-model agnostic” command, one that can be used for multiple commands/view-models. Updated Saver code now accepts an action at construction time and executes that action. No more black magic internal class Command : ICommand { private readonly Action executeAction; public Command(Action executeAction) { this.executeAction = executeAction; } public bool CanExecute(object parameter) { return true; } public event EventHandler CanExecuteChanged; public void Execute(object parameter) { // no more black magic executeAction(); } } Change in InvoiceViewModel is instantiation of Saver command and execution action for the specific command. public ICommand SaveCommand { get { if (saveCommand == null) saveCommand = new Command(ExecuteAction); return saveCommand; } set { saveCommand = value; } } private void ExecuteAction() { DisplayMessage = string.Format("Thanks for creating invoice: {0} {1}", Invoice.Id, Invoice.Receiver); } This way internal knowledge of InvoiceViewModel remains in InvoiceViewModel and Command (ex-Saver) is view-model agnostic. Now the sample is not only a good introduction, but also has some practicality in it. My 5 cents on the subject. Sample code MvvmSimple2.zip

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