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• Access Bind9 DNS in Virtualbox on Host

  - by Philipp Melab

  I've set up a Ubuntu 10.04 Virtual Box with a Bind9 DNS server. The Box has a NAT Network connection for internet access and a host-only adapter for static ip connections from the host (OSX Lion). Thats the only way i managed to get internet and static ip inside the box, guess there is a better one ... The DNS works fine from inside the virtualbox, but not from the host. The http and ftp on the guest system is accessible via both addresses, so connection between host and guest are fine i guess. I tried to add both IP's as name servers. I'm completely new to Bind9 and DNS configuration. Anybody has a hint for me whats wrong? Or how i have to configure the DNS server?

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• Running PHP scripts as the owner of the PHP file: security issues

  - by thomasrutter

  I'm using suexec to ensure that PHP scripts (and other CGI/FastCGI apps) are run as the account holder associated with the relevant virtual host. This allows for securing each users' scripts from reading/writing by other users. However, it occurs to me that this opens up a different security hole. Previously, the web server ran as an unprivileged user, with read-only access to user's files (unless the user changed the file permissions for some reason). Now, the web user can also write to user's files. So while I've prevented different users taking advantage of each other's scripts, I've made it so that in the event that some application has a remote code injection vulnerability, it now has not only read access but also write access to all that user's scripts and website. How can I deal with this? One idea I've had is to create a second user account for each user account in the system, so that each user has their own user account, and all their scripts are run under another user account. But that seems cumbersome.

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• Can KVM CPU assignment count differ from physical hosts CPU count?

  - by javano

  I have read this question. I knew already that I could for example, have a quad core machine with four guests each having two vCPUs. As they don't all be require 100% CPU usage all the time, the scheduler would handle this for me. My question is about how this relates to a fail-over or migration situation; If host1 has two dual-core CPUs, and I assign guest1 four vCPUs (so it accessed all four physical cores), what will happen if I try and migrate it to host2 which only has one dual-core CPU? Can qemu-kvm emulate more vCPUs than there are physical? Or would I have to shut down the virtual machine, change the CPU assignment, migrate it, and then boot it back up (so no live migration)? Many thanks.

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• Security issues of running PHP scripts as the owner of the PHP file with suexec

  - by thomasrutter

  I'm using suexec to ensure that PHP scripts (and other CGI/FastCGI apps) are run as the account holder associated with the relevant virtual host. This allows for securing each users' scripts from reading/writing by other users. However, it occurs to me that this opens up a different security hole. Previously, the web server ran as an unprivileged user, with read-only access to user's files (unless the user changed the file permissions for some reason). Now, the web server can also write to user's files. So while I've prevented different users taking advantage of each other's scripts, I've made it so that in the event that some application has a remote code injection vulnerability, it now has not only read access but also write access to all that user's scripts and website. How can I deal with this? One idea I've had is to create a second user account for each user account in the system, so that each user has their own user account, and all their scripts are run under another user account. But that seems cumbersome.

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• Unable to connect to a remote SQL Server Instance over a VPN

  - by Jack Njiri

  I'm running SQL Server 2005 on two different servers running Win XP. The two servers are in different physical locations and are connected via a dedecated point to point data link in a virtual private network(VPN). Im only able to connect to the remote instance of SQL Server by specifying the IP address on the server name property. If I provide the actual server name say 'ServerA', then I get an error message. Everything works fine except configuring replication at the subscriber level, which requires the actual name of the instance, not an IP address or alias. I have already configured both instances on allow remote connections and im running the SQL Server Browser. How do I connect to the remote instance by providing the instance name? Alternatively how I configure subscription to a remote publisher without supplying the remote instance name?

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• Apache2 memory usage when uploading large files

  - by abhaga

  Hi, I am running apache2.2.12 along with PHP 5.2.10. PHP is configured to run as a separate process through fcgid. The problem is that when users upload a file, size of the apache process swells by almost the same amount. So if somebody tries to upload a 200 MB file, one of the child process swells to current size+200 MB. If 2 users simultaneously start uploading, my server crashes. Now it is the virtual memory size which is increasing but since I am on a OpenVZ based VPS, that is what counts. My questions are: Is it the normal Apache behavior or can I do something to fix this? If not, is there a more memory efficient way of handling big file uploads. Going by the current behavior, I will need 1 GB of free RAM for every apache child accepting a upload. Thanks! Abhaya -

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• How can I peer into a Windows user's RDP session for support, where I initiate the support session?

  - by David Bullock

  I've used both WebEx and GoToAssist, but neither of them have a story to tell for 'unattended' access of a user's desktop unless the user is using the machine's primary console. Unattended in the sense that they phone me and I then appear in their session, rather than they visit a website and enter their details and wait for me. This is a common use-case, since the users' machine is a virtual desktop, and the session broker is connecting the user via RDP. They never have a session with their desktop unless it's a remote desktop session. At the moment, if I use either of the said products to get an unattended support session going, all I can see is the login screen of the physical console, telling me that a remote session is in progress. Are there alternative tools which will make me happy?

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• Difference between VMWare tools?

  - by tore-

  I'm currently writing a module for puppet which installs VMWare tools to virtual nodes. I want to do this via yum and and yum-repo. VMWare have their own repo (http://packages.vmware.com/tools/esx/3.5latest/rhel5/x86_64/index.html) which I thought I could use, rather than creating my own. But then I noticed that their repo files is alot different than the rpm file used when installing VMWare Tools on the node, via the "Install/upgrade VMWare Tools" in vSphere. Does anyone know what the real difference is? Does anyone have any preferences?

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• Shopping for Fast USB Flash Drives

  - by Jim McKeeth

  I would like to pick up some really fast USB flash drives in the 16 - 64 GB range. When looking at drives they just list their size, their form factor (key chain hook, slider, etc.) and the fact that they are all Hi-Speed USB 2.0. It seems like I have heard that different drives have different performance and life expectancy. The sales guy tells me that they are all the same performance any more, but it wouldn't be the first time a sales guy had the wrong technical details. Our objective is to run Virtual PC images off of them, so good speed and resilience to rewrites it important.

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• WebDAV "PROPFIND" exception in IIS due to network share?

  - by jacko

  We're finding continuous exceptions in our event viewer on our live box to the following exception: [snippet] Process information: Process ID: 3916 Process name: w3wp.exe Account name: NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK SERVICE Exception information: Exception type: HttpException Exception message: Path 'PROPFIND' is forbidden. Thread information: Thread ID: 14 Thread account name: OURDOMAIN\Account Is impersonating: True Stack trace: at System.Web.HttpMethodNotAllowedHandler.ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) at System.Web.HttpApplication.CallHandlerExecutionStep.System.Web.HttpApplication.IExecutionStep.Execute() at System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStep(IExecutionStep step, Boolean& completedSynchronously) Other Specs: Windows Server 2003 R2 & IIS 6.0 We've narrowed it down to occuring when people try to access shares on the box from within the network, and have discovered (we think) that its due to the WebDAV web services extension being previously disabled by past staff. The exceptions are being thrown when trying to access directories that are virtual dirs in IIS, and plain old UNC network shares What the implications for enabling the WebDAV extensions on our live web server? And will this solve our problems with the exceptions in our event log?

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• Stream Music To Ventrilo From ESXi VM

  - by omghai2u

  I would like to stream music to my Ventrilo server from a Windows XP virtual machine running on an ESXi host. I have followed the instructions outlined here to stream music from something like VLC to the Ventrilo server on another machine and it works fine. I have also added the lines: sound.present = "TRUE" sound.virtualDev = "es1371" sound.fileName = "-1" sound.autodetect = "TRUE" to my .vmx file, as suggested here (http://communities.vmware.com/thread/191878), to get a sound card in my VM. The problem I am having is that it seems that my VM is not outputting any sound, so there's nothing to stream through Ventrilo. The Device Manager on the VM shows that this new sound card has drivers and doesn't appear to have any concerns with it. Can someone point me in the right direction to get my desired outcome? Thanks! PS. sorry for the long 2nd link, apparently I can only post 1 hyperlink with this low reputation.

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• Mails bounce because of invalid character ('@') in username

  - by user1598585

  I have a working exim setup with virtual users, working alright, except for when I try to send email to certain servers. These servers reject my emails because of #5.1.3 Invalid character ('@') in username. The offending header parts seem to be: Return-path: <"[email protected]"@smtp.example.com> and ...(envelope-from <"[email protected]"@smtp.example.com>)... The problem is that I cannot find where and why the usernames are being generated like this. My router for submission is: dnslookup: driver = dnslookup domains = ! +local_domains transport = remote_smtp ignore_target_hosts = 0.0.0.0 : 127.0.0.0/8 no_more And the respective transport: remote_smtp: driver = smtp What can be producing this problem?

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• Removing RAID on a DELL power-edge server

  - by Simon Callan

  We have a Dell Power-edge T110 server, with either a PERC S100 or S300 raid controller (I suspect S100), and 2 x 500GB SATA hard discs. These discs are running in RAID-1 configuration, (either 1 or 2 virtual discs), and on top of this, we have the C and D drives. As we are running low on disc space, we are looking at dropping the RAID to get some disc space back. Is it possible to split the discs back into 2 seperate hards discs that the OS can see, without losing all the data on the drives? Even better, would it be possible to split the D: drive, leaving the OS C: drive in RAID1 configuration?

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• Are Plesk server backups useful?

  - by Michael T. Smith

  I'm working for a startup now, and I'm the programmer. Because of our small team size, I'm also handling the server management for now (until we get a dedicated server administrator.) I've never used Plesk before, and the server we're using (a Media Temple Dedicated Virtual server) had it installed when I got here. One of my first jobs was to set up backups: Plesk was already running it's nightly server-wide backups. I created a small script to dump the web app, it's DBs and any assets, tar them, store them, and then copy them to another small server we have (to backup the backups.) But, we're constantly running into hard drive space issues because of the Plesk backups. And I'm wondering, are they useful? If I have the web app and all of it's assets, I could easily enough get another server up and running. Do we need to keep running Plesk's backups? Thoughts?

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• Deep freeze alternative for Ubuntu

  - by Nrew

  I made some research and found out that Deep freeze is not available for ubuntu. Is there a software like deep freeze for Ubuntu 10.04. To prevent writing data on the disk. I need this so that I could try all sorts of stuff on Ubuntu without worrying if I could damage the Windows installation that is installed along side with it. Virtual box is good. But the performance is not. Because I only have 2gb of ram.

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• How to share internet connection on Mac os x to Virtualbox vm’s using Host-only

  - by redben

  In one line : is the following possible : Airport <- "osx bridge" - vbox-Host-only - vm's Virtualbox (3.1.4) setup : Host : Mac OS X 10.5 Guest : Ubuntu Linux adapter1 - Bridged (en1: Airport) : To give the vm access to internet and communicate when Airport is connected adapter2 - Host-Only (vboxnet0) : To enable host/guest communication when Airport is not connected I'd like to make it simpler and only keep adapter 2 (host-only) and relying on os x connection sharing/bridging I thought i could just keep the Host only configuration, and on the host go to internet sharing and select "share from airport" to vboxnet0 . Only to find out that vbox's virtual interface doesn't appear in the interfaces list on os x preferences. I know that on a linux host you could install something called bridge-utils and use that to bridge the two insterfaces. Is there any thing like that for Mac ?

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• Running Multiple Instances of Firefox

  - by Aaron Bush

  I am running SysInternal's Desktops 1.02 and FireFox 3.6.2. I have noticed that while I can have IE8 open in multiple Virtual Desktops, you can not Firefox. If you try you get the error message: Firefox is already running, but is not responding. To open a new window, you must close the existing FireFox process, or restart your system. I did a little digging around to work around this and came up with creating a second profile via the Firefox profile manager (accessed by starting FF with the "-p" switch). This unfortunately created a new problem which is my add-ons (of which I use many) do not stay synchronized between profiles. Is there a better approach here?

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• Setup dhcpd without gateway on purpose

  - by MBober

  I have an XP machine with two network interfaces. One is connected to my company's network (and the Internet). The other is a very local network which connects some hardware with my PC. Both the hardware and my XP machine's second network interface obtain configuration from a dhcpd running on Ubuntu in a virtual machine on my XP machine. I entered some dummy gateway in /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf like 192.168.3.1 which does not match any existing device just to get dhcpd started. The problem is that my XP machine now tries to route Internet traffic through 192.168.3.1 in most of the cases which, of course, results in an error. Is there any way to set up dhcpd in a way that the clients know that there is no gateway in this network? By the way: setting the gateway manually in XP is off the table because this needs administrator privileges which I don't have.

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• Configuring Mail Relay

  - by ServerChecker

  I'm running Ubuntu Server 9.10 with Postfix and Webmin. I have created virtual hosts for 3 domains following this serverfault.com answer. But the mail isn't relaying out to the world. I have 3 domains tied into my DNS in webmin, as well as inside DNS clicked Mail Server and followed that instruction using this article on the web. The domains and the web servers work just fine. I also have FTP working just fine. So, the remaining problem I have is mail. Can't forward mail out to a Gmail account for some reason. Note I'm just trying to do the "easy version" of Postfix config and if your answer is in Webmin-ease, that would help me. However, I can edit a text file if you suggest.

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• Hyper-V cluster VS regular cluster

  - by Sasha

  We need to choice between Hyper-V and regular cluster technologies. What is the advantage and disadvantage of these approaches? Update: We have to physical servers and want to build reliably solution using cluster approach. We need to clustering our application and DB (MS SQL). We know that we can use: Regular Windows Cluster Service. Application and DB will be migrating from one node to other. Hyper-V Failover Cluster. Virtual machine will be migrating from one node to other. Combined variant. DB mirroring for MS SQL and Hyper-V for our application. We need to make a choice between this approach. So we need to know advantage and disadvantage of these approaches?

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• Where is the encfs volume key stored?

  - by Waldorf

  I am trying to use encfs in reverse mode. I understand that the passphase is used to encrypt a key which is then stored encrypted into the encfs6.xml file. What I do not understand is the following. Create en encrypted virtual fs of a folder by using passphrase A unmount this folder. Delete all contents including the encfs6.xml file If you then try to do the same with another passphrse I would expect that a new encfs6.xml would be created. However I get the following error message: "Error decoding volume key, password incorrect" So I wonder, what volume key is incorrect, I thought it was in the encfs6.xml file ?

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• IPTables masquerading with one NIC

  - by Tuinslak

  Hi, I am running an OpenVPN server with only one NIC. This is my current layout: public.ip > Cisco firewall > lan.ip > OpenVPN server lan.ip = 192.168.22.70 The Cisco firewall forwards the requests to the oVPN server, thus so far everything works and clients are able to connect. However, all clients connected should be able to access 3 networks: lan1: 192.168.200.0 (vpn lan) > tun0 lan2: 192.168.110.0 (office lan) > eth1 (gw 192.168.22.1) lan3: 192.168.22.0 (server lan) > eth1 (broadcast network) So tun0 is mapped to eth1. Iptables output: # iptables-save # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.2 on Wed Feb 16 14:14:20 2011 *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [327:26098] :FORWARD DROP [305:31700] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [291:27378] -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i tun0 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i ! tun0 -p udp -m udp --dport 67 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable -A INPUT -i ! tun0 -p udp -m udp --dport 53 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable -A FORWARD -d 192.168.200.0/24 -i tun0 -j DROP -A FORWARD -s 192.168.200.0/24 -i tun0 -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -d 192.168.200.0/24 -i eth1 -j ACCEPT COMMIT # Completed on Wed Feb 16 14:14:20 2011 # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.2 on Wed Feb 16 14:14:20 2011 *nat :PREROUTING ACCEPT [302:26000] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [3:377] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [49:3885] -A POSTROUTING -o eth1 -j MASQUERADE COMMIT # Completed on Wed Feb 16 14:14:20 2011 Yet, clients are unable to ping any ip (including 192.168.200.1, which is the oVPN's IP) When the machine was directly connected to the internet, with 2 NICs, it was quite simply solved with masquerading and adding static routes in the oVPN client's config. However, as masquerading won't accept virtual interfaces (eth0:0, etc) I am unable to get masquerading to work again (and I'm not even sure whether I need virtual interfaces). Thanks. Edit: OpenVPN server: # ifconfig eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr ba:e6:64:ec:57:ac inet addr:192.168.22.70 Bcast:192.168.22.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::b8e6:64ff:feec:57ac/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:6857 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:4044 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:584046 (570.3 KiB) TX bytes:473691 (462.5 KiB) Interrupt:14 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:334 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:334 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:33773 (32.9 KiB) TX bytes:33773 (32.9 KiB) tun0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:192.168.200.1 P-t-P:192.168.200.2 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) ifconfig on a client: # ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:22:64:71:11:56 inet addr:192.168.110.94 Bcast:192.168.110.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::222:64ff:fe71:1156/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:3466 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1838 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:997924 (974.5 KiB) TX bytes:332406 (324.6 KiB) Interrupt:17 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:37847 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:37847 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:2922444 (2.7 MiB) TX bytes:2922444 (2.7 MiB) tun0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:192.168.200.30 P-t-P:192.168.200.29 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:689 errors:0 dropped:18 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:468778 (457.7 KiB) wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:16:ea:db:ae:86 UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:704699 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:730176 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:520385963 (496.2 MiB) TX bytes:225210422 (214.7 MiB) static routes line at the end of the client's config (I've been playing around with the 192.168.200.0 -- (un)commenting to see if anything changes): route 192.168.200.0 255.255.255.0 route 192.168.110.0 255.255.255.0 route 192.168.22.0 255.255.255.0 route on a vpn client: # route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.200.29 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 192.168.22.0 192.168.200.29 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 192.168.200.0 192.168.200.29 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 192.168.110.0 192.168.200.29 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 192.168.110.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 192.168.110.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 edit: Weirdly enough, if I set push "redirect-gateway def1" in the server config, (and thus routes all traffic through VPN, which is not what I want), it seems to work.

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• Should I disable write caching on my Windows 2008 VM?

  - by javano

  I have a Windows Server 2008 x64 Standard virtual machine that runs on a machine with a hardware RAID controller, a Perc 6/i, which has a battery on-board. Doing everything I can for additional performance, I think I should disable this. Is this very dangerous though? My understand is that Battery Backed Write Caching gives a performance boost to the host OS, telling it the write was complete when they are still sitting in flash waiting to be written. However, I can't see how it would be detrimental to performance, but is there a gain (even if marginal) to enabling it / disabling it? P.s. There machine has a backup power. Here is a screen shot for clarification:

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• Wrong Sound Blaster's PCI ID within Windows

  - by pavian

  I own Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium, it was working with no problems under Linux or Windows 7. It's original PCI ID is 1102:000b but now I see different within MS Windows. BIOS setup: 1102:000b GNU/Linux: 1102:000b Windows 7: 1102:000d Windows 8: 1102:000d In last days I'm experimenting with IOMMU PCI passthrough in Xen and I tried to pass this device to virtual Windows 7 and 8. Here I found this problem. I don't know if this is just coincidence or reason of my problem but it's wrong even in physical system. Windows detects 1102:000d as a High Definition Audio sound device (I guess this name, I have localized Windows, but this is general name, the same was with Realtek HDA before drivers), it's playing but it's unstable (Windows speaker testing can crash that application) and I can't install Creative software. Used driver is hdaudio.sys. Booting in BIOS or UEFI mode doesn't change anything. Nor CMOS clean. Someone met the same problem.

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• rpd over https using a linux client

  - by Nils

  My employer switched from vpn and rdp to using what our admin calls "rdp over https". Since that switch I find myself unable to connect to the "new" rdp server. I think the progress is as follows: A rdp gateway-server is connected via tls the requested sever (different from the gateway-server) is then connected through the tls connection. In windows mstsc-settings the server name is the "internal network name" of the machine I wish to connect. And on the last tab (in German it is called "leistung" - could be activity) I go to the "connection from everywhere" settings and set the gateway-server under gateway-server. Now: Is there any way to use this scenario under linux (apart from a virtual machine running Windows)? I am interested in free ideas (e.g. is it possible to create a tls tunnel and connect through that using freerdp/rdesktop?) non-free ideas. As long as they work I'll worry about the costs later. Free ideas would be better :-)

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