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• analyzing hashes

  - by calccrypto

  Is anyone willing to devote some time to helping me analyze a (hopefully cryptographically secure) hash? I honestly have no idea what im doing, so i need someone to show me how to, to teach me. almost all of the stuff ive found online have been really long, tedious, and vague the code is in python because for some reason i dont know c/c++. all i know about the hash: 1. there are no collisions (so far) and 2. differences between two similar inputs results in wildly different differences and please dont tell me that if i dont know what im doing, i shouldnt be doing it.

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• Difficulties with Django on Google App Engine

  - by Rosarch

  I have a Django project that works fine. I'm trying to import it to Google App Engine. I run it on the dev server, and I get an import error: ImportError at / No module named mysite.urls This is the folder structure of mysite/: app.yaml <DIR> myapp index.yaml main.py manage.py <DIR> media settings.py urls.py __init__.py app.yaml: application: mysite version: 1 runtime: python api_version: 1 handlers: - url: .* script: main.py from settings.py: ROOT_URLCONF = 'mysite.urls' What am I doing wrong?

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• app_label in an abstract Django model

  - by rayan

  Hi all, I'm trying to get an abstract model working in Django and I hit a brick wall trying to set the related_name per the recommendation here: http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/db/models/#be-careful-with-related-name This is what my abstract model looks like: class CommonModel(models.Model): created_on = models.DateTimeField(editable=False) creared_by = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name="%(app_label)s_%(class)s_created", editable=False) updated_on = models.DateTimeField(editable=False) updated_by = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name="%(app_label)s_%(class)s_updated", editable=False) def save(self): if not self.id: self.created_on = datetime.now() self.created_by = user.id self.updated_on = datetime.now() self.updated_by = user.id super(CommonModel, self).save() class Meta: abstract = True My common model is in [project_root]/models.py. It is the parent object of this model, which is located in an app called Feedback [project_root]/feedback/models.py: from django.db import models from mediasharks.models import CommonModel class Feedback(CommonModel): message = models.CharField(max_length=255) request_uri = models.CharField(max_length=255) domain = models.CharField(max_length=255) feedback_type = models.IntegerField() Basically I'm trying to set up a common model so that I'll always be able to tell when and by whom database entries were created. When I run "python manage.py validate" I get this error message: KeyError: 'app_label' Am I missing something here?

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• Need a very simple bash-based webserver for logging XML in HTTP POST

  - by Syffys

  As in title, it's for testing purpose and I need it to be extremely light (1 line to 1 single light file). Here is a XML query sample: XML_QUERY=$(cat <<EOF <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <Test></Test> EOF ) curl -H "Content-type: text/xml; charset=utf-8" -H "Soapaction: \"\"" -k -d "${XML_QUERY}" http://localhost:8088 Here are some of the tracks I have found so far even if I wasnt able to adapt them to work as I expect: Netcat minimal webserver: Problem is that my nc does not have the -q option, so the connection is closing before delivering the XML content Netcat Only webserver: Same as above Python based: But does not handle POST Thanks in advance!

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• How do you handle options that can't be used together with OptionParser?

  - by Joel

  My Python script (for todo lists) is started from the command line like this: todo [options] <command> [command-options] Some options can not be used together, for example todo add --pos=3 --end "Ask Stackoverflow" would specify both the third position and the end of the list. Likewise todo list --brief --informative would confuse my program about being brief or informative. Since I want to have quite a powerful option control, cases like these will be a bunch, and new ones will surely arise in the future. If a users passes a bad combination of options, I want to give an informative message, preferably along with the usage help provided by optparse. Currently I handle this with an if-else statement that I find really ugly and poor. My dream is to have something like this in my code: parser.set_not_allowed(combination=["--pos", "--end"], message="--pos and --end can not be used together") and the OptionParser would use this when parsing the options. Since this doesn't exist as far as I know, I ask the SO community: How do you handle this?

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• asynchronous writing and reading of a file

  - by tazim

  hi, I have two processes. 1.) One processes is redirecting output of some unix command to a file on server side.the data is always appended to the file eg : find / > tmp.txt 2.)Another process is opening and reading the same file and storing it in a string and sending the entire string to the client Now, this things take simultaneously. I am using python. Any suggestion as in what can be possible ways to implement this scenario . Please explain with sample code . Thanks in advance . Tazim.

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• wxpython : button covers all in the frame

  - by Prakash

  Below is my code: #!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import wx class Example(wx.Frame): def __init__(self): #super(Example, self).__init__(parent, title=title, size=(300, 200)) wx.Frame.__init__(self, None, wx.ID_ANY, 'wxButton', pos=(300, 150), size=(320, 250)) self.button1 = wx.Button(self, id=-1, label='Button1', pos=(8, 8), size=(10, 20)) self.button1.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.button1Click) self.Centre() self.Show() def button1Click(self,event): #self.button1.Hide() self.SetTitle("Button1 clicked") if __name__ == '__main__': app = wx.App() Example() app.MainLoop() Actually I am expecting the button1 on the frame to have a look like a button - a bit raised and be placed in center of frame - but it is just expanding to the full frame. Also text Button1 looks like a text which does not has a button look like feeling? What wrong am I doing?

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• Best tools to create valid XML files from an Excel file

  - by systempuntoout

  I need to create a script that extracts some data from a complex Excel 2003 file (with multiple Sheets and different tables inside a single sheet) and produces different XML files that need to be validated against a given XSD file. My preferred language is Python; to create and validate XML files i would go with lxml. What do you suggest for parsing XSL files? Is xlrd the right tool to use for complex Excel files? Or do i need to convert all the sheets in CSV manually, and read files line by line, splitting and getting data? I accept C#, VB6 suggestions too.

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• Globals across modules

  - by Coder1

  Wow, this seems so basic, but I can't get it to work. All I need to do is store a global dict which can be accessed and modified from other modules & threads. What's the "best practices" way of achieving this? test.py import testmodule class MyClassA(): def __init__(self, id): self.id = id if __name__ == '__main__': global classa_dict classa_dict = {} classa_dict[1] = MyClassA(1) classa_dict[2] = MyClassA(2) testing = testmodule.TestModule() testmodule.py class TestModule(): def __init__(self): global classa_dict print classa_dict[2] output $ python test.py Traceback (most recent call last): File "test.py", line 13, in <module> testing = testmodule.TestModule() File "/path/to/project/testmodule.py", line 4, in __init__ print classa_dict[2] NameError: global name 'classa_dict' is not defined

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• HTTP Download very Big File

  - by Luca

  I'm working at a web application in Python/Twisted. I want the user to be able to download a very big file ( 100 Mb). I don't want to load all the file in memory (of the server), of course. server side I have this idea: ... request.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/plain') fp = open(fileName, 'rb') try: r = None while r != '': r = fp.read(1024) request.write(r) finally: fp.close() request.finish() I expected this to work, but I have problems: I'm testing with FF... It seems the browser make me wait until the file is completed downloaded, and then I have the open/save dialog box. I expected the dialog box immediately, and then the progress bar in action... Maybe I have to add something in the Http header... Something like the size of the file?

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• Jython: Is there any difference between adding to sys.path vs passing -D?

  - by trinth

  I have a python application that is trying to load some Java libraries (specifically Axis2 web services). When I add the necessary jars in Eclipse via PyDev Project Source Folders, everything seems to work fine. However, I want to be able to do this at run time by adding to sys.path, but then my application doesn't seem to work. In both cases I can load the jars just fine, but something must be different for there to be different results. My question is, is there a difference between adding jars via the sys.path at run time with sys.path.append() versus passing -D to the jython interpreter?

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• Merging contents of two lists based on a if-loop

  - by chavanak

  I have a minor problem while checking for elements in a list: I have two files with contents something like this file 1: file2: 47 358 47 48 450 49 49 56 50 I parsed both files into two lists and used the following code to check for i in file_1: for j in file_2: j = j.split() if i == j[1]: x=' '.join(j) I am now trying to get a "0" if the value of file_1 is not there in file_2 for example, value "48" is not there is file_2 so I need to get the output like (with only one space in between the two numbers): output_file: 358 47 0 48 450 49 56 50 I tried using the dictionary approach but I didn't quite get what I wanted (actually I don't know how to use dictionary in python correctly ;)). Any help will be great.

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• Unable to locate using find element by link

  - by First Rock

  Newbie in testing. I generated a test case using Selenium, and then exported it as a Python script. Now, when I try to run that in terminal, I get following error: raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace) NoSuchElementException: Message: u'Unable to locate element: {"method":"link text","selector":"delete"}' I am using the command generated by Selenium i.e driver.find_element_by_link_text("delete").click() The reason for the error I believe is that the link "delete" in my web page is seen only when I click on a particular line to be deleted. So I guess it is being unable to locate the link. Please suggest what alternative measure could I use to locate and click on the "delete" link. Thanks in Advance:)

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• SDL/Pygame failing to load PNG images with cx_Freeze

  - by jjackson

  I'm running Python 3.1 on Windows and I'm trying to distribute my Pygame script as an executable via cx_Freeze. Right now it seems to be working except that the exe build can't load any of my images: Cannot load image: C:\path\to\build\exe.win32-3.1\resources\image.png File is not a Windows BMP file Googling has revealed that this happens when the SDL imaging library doesn't get included correctly. However, SDL_image.dll and libpng12-0.dll are both put by cx_Freeze into my build directory, so it seems to me like everything should be fine. Why wouldn't it be able to load PNG images?

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• How to validate a bunch of proxies against a URL?

  - by NJTechGuy

  I have a list of 100 proxies. The URL I am interested in is abc.com. I want to check the number of proxies which can successfully fetch this URL and the time taken for the same. I am hoping I made sense. I am a Python noob. I am looking for a code snippet. A helping hand is really appreciated :) Proxies : 200.43.54.212 200.43.54.212 200.43.54.212 200.43.54.212 URL : abc.com Desired result : Proxy isGood Time 200.43.54.112 n 23.12 200.43.54.222 n 12.34 200.43.54.102 y 11.09 200.43.54.111 y 8.85 p.s : All the above proxies have ports either 80 or 8080

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• NoneType has no attribute Append

  - by Rosarch

  I'm new to Python. I can't understand why a variable is None at a certain point in my code: class UsersInRoom(webapp.RequestHandler): def get(self): room_id = self.request.get("room_id") username = self.request.get("username") UserInRoom_entities = UserInRoom.gql("WHERE room = :1", room_id).get() if UserInRoom_entities: for user_in_room in UserInRoom_entities: if user_in_room.username == username: user_in_room.put() # last_poll auto updates to now whenenever user_in_room is saved else: user_in_room = UserInRoom() user_in_room.username = username user_in_room.put() UserInRoom_entities = [] UserInRoom_entities.append(user_in_room) // error here # name is `user_at_room` intead of `user_in_room` to avoid confusion usernames = [user_at_room.username for user_at_room in UserInRoom_entities] self.response.out.write(json.dumps(usernames)) The error is: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Program Files\Google\google_appengine\google\appengine\ext\webapp\__init__.py", line 507, in __call__ handler.get(*groups) File "path\to\chat.py", line 160, in get AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'append' How is this possible? I'm setting UserInRoom_entities = [] immediately before that call. Or is something else the None in question?

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• Fastest way to find the rotation of a vector

  - by kriss

  I have two 2D vectors, say u and v, defined by cartesian coordinates. Imagine that vectors are needles of a clock. I'm looking for the fastest way to find out, using python, if v is after or before u (or in other words find out in wich half plane is v, regarding to position of u). For the purpose of the problem if vectors are aligned answer should be before. It seems easy using some trigonometry, but I believe there should be a faster way using coordinates only. My test case: def after(u, v): """code here""" after((4,2), (6, 1)) : True after((4,2), (3, 3)) : False after((4,2), (2, 1)) : False after((4,2), (3, -3)) : True after((4,2), (-2, -5)) : True after((4,2), (-4, -2)) : False

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• Why am I getting a TypeError when looping?

  - by Lee Crabtree

  I'm working on a Python extension module, and one of my little test scripts is doing something strange, viz.: x_max, y_max, z_max = m.size for x in xrange(x_max): for y in xrange(y_max): for z in xrange(z_max): #do my stuff What makes no sense is that the loop gets to the end of the first 'z' iteration, then throws a TypeError, stating that "an integer is required". If I put a try...except TypeError around it and check the types of x, y, and z, they all come back as < type 'int' . Am I missing something here?

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• Unwanted behaviour from dict.fromkeys

  - by Anthony Labarre

  Hi there, I'd like to initialise a dictionary of sets (in Python 2.6) using dict.fromkeys, but the resulting structure behaves strangely. More specifically: >>>> x = {}.fromkeys(range(10), set([])) >>>> x {0: set([]), 1: set([]), 2: set([]), 3: set([]), 4: set([]), 5: set([]), 6: set([]), 7: set([]), 8: set([]), 9: set([])} >>>> x[5].add(3) >>>> x {0: set([3]), 1: set([3]), 2: set([3]), 3: set([3]), 4: set([3]), 5: set([3]), 6: set([3]), 7: set([3]), 8: set([3]), 9: set([3])} I obviously don't want to add 3 to all sets, only to the set that corresponds to x[5]. Of course, I can avoid the problem by initialising x without fromkeys, but I'd like to understand what I'm missing here.

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• How to understand the functional programming code for converting IP string to a number?

  - by zfz

  In a python discusion, I saw a way to convert IP string to a integer in functional progamming way. Here is the Link . The function is implemented in a single line. def ipnumber(ip): return reduce(lambda sum, chunk: sum <<8 | chunk, map(int, ip.split("."))) However, I have few ideas of funcional programming. Could anybody explain the function in detail? I've some knowledg of "map" and "reduce". But I don't konw what "|" and "chunk" mean here? Thanks.

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• Using `.index()` on repeating letters

  - by Yarden

  I'm building a function that builds a dictionary with words, such as: {'b': ['b', 'bi', 'bir', 'birt', 'birth', 'birthd', 'birthda', 'birthday'], 'bi': ['bi', 'bir', 'birt', 'birth', 'birthd', 'birthda', 'birthday'], 'birt': ['birt', 'birth', 'birthd', 'birthda', 'birthday'], 'birthda': ['birthda', 'birthday'], 'birthday': ['birthday'], 'birth': ['birth', 'birthd', 'birthda', 'birthday'], 'birthd': ['birthd', 'birthda', 'birthday'], 'bir': ['bir', 'birt', 'birth', 'birthd', 'birthda', 'birthday']} This is what it looks like: def add_prefixs(word, prefix_dict): lst=[] for letter in word: n=word.index(letter) if n==0: lst.append(word[0]) else: lst.append(word[0:n]) lst.append(word) lst.remove(lst[0]) for elem in lst: b=lst.index(elem) prefix_dict[elem]=lst[b:] return prefix_dict It works great for words like "birthday", but when I have a letter that repeats itself, I have a problem... for example, "hello". {'h': ['h', 'he', 'he', 'hell', 'hello'], 'hell': ['hell', 'hello'], 'hello': ['hello'], 'he': ['he', 'he', 'hell', 'hello']} I know it's because of the index (python chooses the index of the first time the letter appears) but I do not know how to solve it. Yes, this is my homework and I'm really trying to learn from you guys :)

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• Problems opening large csv file

  - by John Tyler

  I have a csv file that is 100mb in size. I need to parse some data out of it into a new format. I tried PHP, but keep running into memory issues. After around the first 150 "rows" or so, the script poops out. This is even on the localhost, and doing everything I can to tune the PHP settings, including max_memory and script_execution_time. Now before I continue, I'd like to know if Python will poop out on me too. Or if I will have to use C++. Can someone name good csv libraries for for these programmin langueage? The file is quoted csv. I mean scheiza I can't even open this text file in OpenOffice without it dying on me. (then again, Java sux as bad as PHP)

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• Simple graphics API with transparency, polygons, reading image pixels?

  - by M. Elkstein

  I need a simple graphics library that supports the following functionality: Ability to draw polygons (not just rectangles!) with RGBA colors (i.e., partially transparent), Ability to load bitmap images, Ability to read current color of pixel in a given coordinate. Ideally using JavaScript or Python. Seems like HTML 5 Canvas can handle #2 and #3 but not #1, whereas SVG can handle #1 and #2 but not #3. Am I missing something (about either of these two)? Or are there other alternatives?

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• Starting an http request, but dropping out if no response after a certain time

  - by nbv4

  I'm trying to write a python script that does the following from within a minutely cronjob: tries to execute a url after 10 seconds if there is no response yet, abandon the response and immediately issue a command via os.system to restart the webserver. The problem is that when my server crashes, it doesn't return a response at all. If I were to just have my script time the response, the script will go on for 10 minutes or more. I want it to issue the restart immediately once it detects a slow response. I know such a script could be written in probably less than 5 mines of code, but I have no idea how to go about it.

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• PyPy: What is all the buzz about?

  - by sub

  Note: The title is provocating (to make you click on it and want to close-vote the question) and I don't want to look preoccupated. Since some time now I read and heard more and more about PyPy. It's like a linear graph. Why is PyPy so special? As far as I know implementations of dynamic languages written in the languages itself aren't such a rare thing, or am I not getting something? Some even people call PyPy "the future" [of python], or see some sort of deep potential in this implementation. What exactly is the meaning of this?

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