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  • Do you leverage the benefits of the open-closed principle?

    - by Kaleb Pederson
    The open-closed principle (OCP) states that an object should be open for extension but closed for modification. I believe I understand it and use it in conjunction with SRP to create classes that do only one thing. And, I try to create many small methods that make it possible to extract out all the behavior controls into methods that may be extended or overridden in some subclass. Thus, I end up with classes that have many extension points, be it through: dependency injection and composition, events, delegation, etc. Consider the following a simple, extendable class: class PaycheckCalculator { // ... protected decimal GetOvertimeFactor() { return 2.0M; } } Now say, for example, that the OvertimeFactor changes to 1.5. Since the above class was designed to be extended, I can easily subclass and return a different OvertimeFactor. But... despite the class being designed for extension and adhering to OCP, I'll modify the single method in question, rather than subclassing and overridding the method in question and then re-wiring my objects in my IoC container. As a result I've violated part of what OCP attempts to accomplish. It feels like I'm just being lazy because the above is a bit easier. Am I misunderstanding OCP? Should I really be doing something different? Do you leverage the benefits of OCP differently? Update: based on the answers it looks like this contrived example is a poor one for a number of different reasons. The main intent of the example was to demonstrate that the class was designed to be extended by providing methods that when overridden would alter the behavior of public methods without the need for changing internal or private code. Still, I definitely misunderstood OCP.

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  • Writing Acceptance test cases

    - by HH_
    We are integrating a testing process in our SCRUM process. My new role is to write acceptance tests of our web applications in order to automate them later. I have read a lot about how tests cases should be written, but none gave me practical advices to write test cases for complex web applications, and instead they threw conflicting principles that I found hard to apply: Test cases should be short: Take the example of a CMS. Short test cases are easy to maintain and to identify the inputs and outputs. But what if I want to test a long series of operations (eg. adding a document, sending a notification to another user, the other user replies, the document changes state, the user gets a notice). It rather seems to me that test cases should represent complete scenarios. But I can see how this will produce overtly complex test documents. Tests should identify inputs and outputs:: What if I have a long form with many interacting fields, with different behaviors. Do I write one test for everything, or one for each? Test cases should be independent: But how can I apply that if testing the upload operation requires that the connect operation is successful? And how does it apply to writing test cases? Should I write a test for each operation, but each test declares its dependencies, or should I rewrite the whole scenario for each test? Test cases should be lightly-documented: This principles is specific to Agile projects. So do you have any advice on how to implement this principle? Although I thought that writing acceptance test cases was going to be simple, I found myself overwhelmed by every decision I had to make (FYI: I am a developer and not a professional tester). So my main question is: What steps or advices do you have in order to write maintainable acceptance test cases for complex applications. Thank you.

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  • Best Ruby Git library?

    - by Jeff Welling
    Which is the best Git library in Ruby to use? Git, Grit, Rugged, Other? Background: I'm the current maintainer of TicGit-ng which is a distributed offline ticket system built on git, and I've read and heard over and over again that Grit is the one I should use because it supersedes the Git gem, but there seems to be either a lack of documentation or a lack of features because myself and others have failed in trying to switch from the deprecated-but-functional Git to the newer Grit gem.

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  • Why should a class be anything other than "abstract" or "final/sealed"

    - by Nicolas Repiquet
    After 10+ years of java/c# programming, I find myself creating either: abstract classes: contract not meant to be instantiated as-is. final/sealed classes: implementation not meant to serve as base class to something else. I can't think of any situation where a simple "class" (i.e. neither abstract nor final/sealed) would be "wise programming". Why should a class be anything other than "abstract" or "final/sealed" ? EDIT This great article explains my concerns far better than I can.

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  • Are first-class functions a substitute for the Strategy pattern?

    - by Prog
    The Strategy design pattern is often regarded as a substitute for first-class functions in languages that lack them. So for example say you wanted to pass functionality into an object. In Java you'd have to pass in the object another object which encapsulates the desired behavior. In a language such as Ruby, you'd just pass the functionality itself in the form of an annonymous function. However I was thinking about it and decided that maybe Strategy offers more than a plain annonymous function does. This is because an object can hold state that exists independently of the period when it's method runs. However an annonymous function by itself can only hold state that ceases to exist the moment the function finishes execution. So my question is: when using a language that features first-class functions, would you ever use the Strategy pattern (i.e. encapsulate the functionality you want to pass around in an explicit object), or would you always use an annonymous function? When would you decide to use Strategy when you can use a first-class function?

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  • Are python's cryptographic modules good enough?

    - by Aerovistae
    I mean, say you were writing professional grade software that would involve sensitive client information. (Take this in the context of me being an amateur programmer.) Would you use hlib and hmac? Are they good enough to secure data? Or would you write something fancier by hand? Edit: In context of those libraries containing more or less the best hashing algorithms in the world, I guess it's silly to ask if you'd "write something fancier." What I'm really asking here is whether it's enough on its own.

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  • Will a programming professional certificate from a university enhance my resume/prospect for being hired?

    - by Cliff
    Hi. I am a junior in Software Engineering. I'm planning to take up an Online Certification in web programming or .NET programming from the University of Illinois through O'Reilly (see link) to keep busy this summer. Will that help me get a great job? I've heard some say that certifications will give you a cutting edge. I've heard others say that it doesn't really matter. What do you think? Thanks so much for you advice and point of view.

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  • ORM and component-based architecture

    - by EagleBeek
    I have joined an ongoing project, where the team calls their architecture "component-based". The lowest level is one big database. The data access (via ORM) and business layers are combined into various components, which are separated according to business logic. E.g., there's a component for handling bank accounts, one for generating invoices, etc. The higher levels of service contracts and presentation are irrelevant for the question, so I'll omit them here. From my point of view the separation of the data access layer into various components seems counterproductive, because it denies us the relational mapping capabilities of the ORM. E.g., when I want to query all invoices for one customer I have to identify the customer with the "customers" component and then make another call to the "invoices" component to get the invoices for this customer. My impression is that it would be better to leave the data access in one component and separate it from business logic, which may well be cut into various components. Does anybody have some advice? Have I overlooked something?

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  • Proper way to implement Android XML onClick attribute in Activity

    - by Austyn Mahoney
    I have used the android:onClick attribute extensively in my XML layouts for my Android application. Example: <Button android:id="@+id/exampleButton" android:onClick="onButtonClick" /> Is it proper to create an Interface to enforce the implementation of those onClick methods in Activities that use that layout file? public interface MyButtonInterface { public onButtonClick(View v); }

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  • Consecutive verse Parallel Nunit Testing

    - by Jacobm001
    My office has roughly ~300 webpages that should be tested on a fairly regular basis. I'm working with Nunit, Selenium, and C# in Visual Studio 2010. I used this framework as a basis, and I do have a few working tests. The problem I'm running into is is that when I run the entire suite. In each run, a random test(s) will fail. If they're run individually, they will all pass. My guess is that Nunit is trying to run all 7 tests at the same time and the browser can't support this for obvious reasons. Watching the browser visually, this does seem to be the case. Looking at the screenshot below, I need to figure out a way in which the tests under Index_Tests are run sequentially, not in parallel. errors: Selenium2.OfficeClass.Tests.Index_Tests.index_4: OpenQA.Selenium.NoSuchElementException : Unable to locate element: "method":"id","selector":"textSelectorName"} Selenium2.OfficeClass.Tests.Index_Tests.index_7: OpenQA.Selenium.NoSuchElementException : Unable to locate element: "method":"id","selector":"textSelectorName"} example with one test: using OpenQA.Selenium; using NUnit.Framework; namespace Selenium2.OfficeClass.Tests { [TestFixture] public class Index_Tests : TestBase { public IWebDriver driver; [TestFixtureSetUp] public void TestFixtureSetUp() { driver = StartBrowser(); } [TestFixtureTearDown] public void TestFixtureTearDown() { driver.Quit(); } [Test] public void index_1() { OfficeClass index = new OfficeClass(driver); index.Navigate("http://url_goeshere"); index.SendKeyID("txtFiscalYear", "input"); index.SendKeyID("txtIndex", ""); index.SendKeyID("txtActivity", "input"); index.ClickID("btnDisplay"); } } }

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  • When does implementing MVVM not make sense

    - by Kelly Sommers
    I am a big fan of various patterns and enjoy learning new ones all the time however I think with all the evangelism around popular patterns and anti-patterns sometimes this causes blind adoption. I think most things have individual pros and cons and it's important to educate what the cons are and when it doesn't make sense to make a particular choice. The pros are constantly advocated. "It depends" I think applies most times but the industry does a poor job at communicating what it depends ON. Also many patterns surfaced from inheriting values from previous patterns or have derivatives, which each one brings another set of pros and cons to the table. The sooner we are more aware of the trade off's of decisions we make in software architecture the sooner we make better decisions. This is my first challenge to the community. Even if you are a big fan of said pattern, I challenge you to discover the cons and when you shouldn't use it. Define when MVVM (Model-View-ViewModel) may not make sense in a particular piece of software and based on what reasons. MVVM has a set of pros and cons. Let's try to define them. GO! :)

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  • Cleaning a dataset of song data - what sort of problem is this?

    - by Rob Lourens
    I have a set of data about songs. Each entry is a line of text which includes the artist name, song title, and some extra text. Some entries are only "extra text". My goal is to resolve as many of these as possible to songs on Spotify using their web API. My strategy so far has been to search for the entry via the API - if there are no results, apply a transformation such as "remove all text between ( )" and search again. I have a list of heuristics and I've had reasonable success with this but as the code gets more and more convoluted I keep thinking there must be a more generic and consistent way. I don't know where to look - any suggestions for what to try, topics to study, buzzwords to google?

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  • How would you represent an object that can be of multiple types, when storing it as a document in MongoDB?

    - by blueberryfields
    Somewhat related to this question, say that I have an object category which, depending on which type of object I have, has different restrictions on what it contains. (if you can reword the previous sentence to make more sense I'd appreciate it) For example var SomeSchema = new Schema({ _id: ObjectID, [... large number of common fields ...] type: //Restricted somehow to members of a fixed array data: //depending on type, this might be restricted - sometimes an integer, sometimes array, etc... }); What's the idiosyncratic method for defining this type of schema? Is it appropriate to define a single schema, and handle the types inside of it's members, or am I better off with separate schema for each type?

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  • What's the DCPU-16 thing all about?

    - by ChrisRamakers
    Ever since Notch (of Minecraft fame) announced his next project will include programmable 16bit cpu's ingame everybody seems to want to write VM's for the spec notch has written up. I've seen em written in C, C++, go, javascript, coffeescript, ... Can anyone enlighten me what's so special about the spec notch wrote up or is it just that it's the first game that actually contains a CPU ingame that you can do whatever you want with? It sparked my curiosity but I fail to grasp the thing that makes it so special suddenly everybody needs to write up code for it?

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  • How a graphic designer can get into game programming?

    - by Robert Valdez
    I'm a graphic design student hoping to pursue a career as a video game artist. However, I want to do some game development as a hobby. I'd like to develop games for the desktop or mobile phones. The only programming experience I have is that I took an intro to programming with java class in which I learned how to make web applets using java's swing library. It was awful. I think the only things I took from the class was what OOP is and how to work with variables and data types and some methods. I also learned some actionscript myself which was fun unfortunately my flash tutorial expired and it's too expensive to buy;( What I was looking to do is learn one programming language and build a game with it without having to go through so many hoops and with minimum cost. If it's possible. I would love to learn C++, but I read it's not best for a beginning programmer. What programming languages or maybe software kits/platforms would you recommend?

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  • Should I stay in my degree or take an opportunity for management experience?

    - by Adam
    I've read a couple other post along these lines and they've been helpful but I'm wondering if my case is any different. I've been working towards my CS degree while working part time in a programming job. I'm now about two years away from getting my degree and was just offered a management position at my job. This would mean that I have to work full-time at my job and I can't really work towards my degree anymore in person. My school doesn't really offer CS classes after hours nor online. It seems that getting a degree is very important from the other post that I read. Does having management experience trump that? I'm currently leaning towards taking the job and finding some sort of online degree. Also my school only offers a business degree online, could I just get this in place. Does the type of degree really matter? For some jobs it's not the type of degree just that you have one, is there any merit for this in the programming industry? Thanks :)

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  • Reaching Intermediate Programming Status

    - by George Stocker
    I am a software engineer that's had positions programming in VBA (though I dare not consider that 'real' experience, as it was trial and error!), Perl w/ CGI, C#, and ASP.NET. The latter two are post-undergraduate, with my entrance into the 'real world'. I'm 2 years out of college, and have had 5 years of experience (total) across the languages I've mentioned. However, when it comes to my resume, I can only put 2 years down for C#, and less than a year down for ASP.NET. I feel like I know C#, but I still have to spend time going 'What does this method do?', whereas some of the more senior level engineers can immediately say, "Oh, Method X does this, without ever having looked at that method before." So I know empirically that there's a gulf there, but I'm not exactly sure how to bridge it. I've started programming in Project Euler, and I picked up a book on design patterns, but I still feel like I spend each day treading water, instead of moving forward. That isn't to say that I don't feel like I've made progress, it just means that as far as I come each day, I still see the mountain top way off in the distance. My question is this: How did you overcome this plateau? How long did it take you? What methods can you suggest to assist me in this? I've read through Code Complete, The Mythical Man Month, and CLR via C#, 2nd edition -- my question is: What do I do now? Edit: I just found this question on projects for an intermediate level programmer. I think it adds to the discussion (though it does not supplant my question). As such, I'm adding it to the question as a "For More Information".

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  • Regulation of the software industry

    - by Flexo
    Every few years someone proposes tighter regulation for the software industry. This IEEE article has been getting some attention lately on the subject. If software engineers who write programs for systems that expose the public to physical or financial risk knew they would be tested on their competence, the thinking goes, it would reduce the flaws and failures in code—and maybe save a few lives in the bargain. I'm skeptical about the value and merit of this. To my mind it looks like a land grab by those that proposed it. The quote that clinches that for me is: The exam will test for basic knowledge, not mastery of subject matter because the big failures (e.g. THERAC-25) seem to be complex, subtle issues that "basic knowledge" would never be sufficient to prevent. Ignoring any local issues (such as existing protections of the title Engineer in some jurisdictions): The aims are noble - avoid the quacks/charlatans1 and make that distinction more obvious to those that buy their software. Can tighter regulation of the software industry ever achieve it's original goal? 1 Exactly as regulation of the medical profession was intended to do.

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  • Microeconomical simulation: coordination/planning between self-interested trading agents

    - by Milton Manfried
    In a typical perfect-information strategy game like Chess, an agent can calculate its best move by searching the state tree for the best possible move, while assuming that the opponent will also make the best possible move (i.e. Mini-max). I would like to use this approach in a "game" modeling economic activity, where the possible "moves" would be to buy or sell for a given price, and the goal, rather than a specific class of states (e.g. Checkmate), would be to maximize some function F of the agent's state (e.g. F(money, widget) = 10*money + widget). How to handle buy/sell actions that require coordination between both parties, at the very least agreement upon a price? The cheap way out would be to set the price beforehand, maybe based upon the current supply -- but the idea of this simulation is to examine how prices emerge when freely determined by "perfectly rational" agents. A great example of what I do not want is the trading algorithm in SugarScape -- paraphrasing from Growing Artificial Societies p101-102: when a pair of agents interact to trade, they each compute their internal valuations of the goods, then a bargaining process is conducted and a price is agreed to. If this price makes both agents better off, they complete the transaction The protocol itself is beautiful, but what it cannot capture (as far as I can tell) is the ability for an agent to pay more than it might otherwise for a good, because it knows that it can sell it for even more at a later date -- what appears to be called "strategic thinking" in this pape at Google Books Multi-Agent-Based Simulation III: 4th International Workshop, MABS 2003... to get realistic behavior like that, it seems one would either (1) have to build an outrageously-complex internal valuation system which could at best only cover situations that were planned for at compile-time, or otherwise (2) have some mechanism to search the state tree... which would require some way of planning future trades. Note: The chess analogy only works as far as the state-space search goes; the simulation isn't intended to be "zero sum", so a literal mini-max search wouldn't be appropriate -- and ideally, it should work with more than two agents.

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  • Google is good or bad for programmer? [closed]

    - by Vikas
    Recently I was being interviewed by a company and faced one question. The interviewer asked me a question and at that time I didn't know the answer but if I had been asked about just 4 months ago, I could have answered it. The question was from new language that I learned just 4 months ago. But I just get overview of the language and just get started working on that. Whenever I face difficultly, I google it. That means we do not have to memorize the whole programming language book! So in that situation I felt that Google screwed my job! Not talking subjectively, Is it good to google all the time?

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  • web services, J2EE, spring, DB integration project ideas- maybe data mining related?

    - by sj88
    Hey guys, I am a graduate CS student (Data mining and machine learning) and have a good exposure to core JAVA (3 years). I have read up a bunch of stuff on Design patterns J2EE Web services( soap and rest) spring and hibernate Java Concurrency - advanced features like Task and Executors. I would now like to do a project combining this stuff (over my free time of corse) to get a better understanding of these things and to kind of make an end to end software (to learn the best design principles etc + svn, maven). Any good project ideas would be really appreciated. I just wanna build this stuff to learn so I dont really mind re-inventing the wheel. Also, anything related to data mining would be an added bonus (fits with my research) but absolutly not necesary (since this project is more to learn to do large scale software developement)

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  • How to prevent duplicate data access methods that retrieve similar data?

    - by Ronald Wildenberg
    In almost every project I work on with a team, the same problem seems to creep in. Someone writes UI code that needs data and writes a data access method: AssetDto GetAssetById(int assetId) A week later someone else is working on another part of the application and also needs an AssetDto but now including 'approvers' and writes the following: AssetDto GetAssetWithApproversById(int assetId) A month later someone needs an asset but now including the 'questions' (or the 'owners' or the 'running requests', etc): AssetDto GetAssetWithQuestionsById(int assetId) AssetDto GetAssetWithOwnersById(int assetId) AssetDto GetAssetWithRunningRequestsById(int assetId) And it gets even worse when methods like GetAssetWithOwnerAndQuestionsById start to appear. You see the pattern that emerges: an object is attached to a large object graph and you need different parts of this graph in different locations. Of course, I'd like to prevent having a large number of methods that do almost the same. Is it simply a matter of team discipline or is there some pattern I can use to prevent this? In some cases it might make sense to have separate methods, i.e. getting an asset with running requests may be expensive so I do not want to include these all the time. How to handle such cases?

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  • Which features of user story management should an agile team look for?

    - by Sonja Dimitrijevic
    In my research study, I need to identify the key features of user story management tools that can be used to support agile development. So far, I identified the following general groups of features: User role modeling and personas support, User stories and epics management, Acceptance testing support, High-level release planning, Low-level iteration planning, and Progress tracking. Each group contains some specific features, e.g., support for story points, writing of acceptance tests, etc. Which features of user story management should an agile team look for especially when switching from tangible tools (index cards, pin boards and big visible charts) to a software tool? Are some features more important than the others? Many thanks in advance!

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  • How to structure my GUI agnostic project?

    - by Nezreli
    I have a project which loads from database a XML file which defines a form for some user. XML is transformed into a collection of objects whose classes derive from single parent. Something like Control - EditControl - TextBox Control - ContainterControl - Panel Those classes are responsible for creation of GUI controls for three different enviroments: WinForms, DevExpress XtraReports and WebForms. All three frameworks share mostly the same control tree and have a common single parent (Windows.Forms.Control, XrControl and WebControl). So, how to do it? Solution a) Control class has abstract methods Control CreateWinControl(); XrControl CreateXtraControl(); WebControl CreateWebControl(); This could work but the project has to reference all three frameworks and the classes are going to be fat with methods which would support all three implementations. Solution b) Each framework implementation is done in separate projects and have the exact class tree like the Core project. All three implementations are connected using a interface to the Core class. This seems clean but I'm having a hard time wrapping my head around it. Does anyone have a simpler solution or a suggestion how should I approach this task?

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  • What is the situation about OpenGL under Ubuntu Unity and Gnome3?

    - by user827992
    In a GNU/linux distribution is usually installed Xorg as main graphical server, it operates with a client-server logic, a special windows is designate as desktop environment and this special windows can handle all the eyecandy stuff like decorations, icons and effects. The problem is that the latest UI heavily relies on hardware acceleration, Unity is an overlay on Compiz and the Gnome-shell also require an active driver for the GPU to work well: the problem is: on the same OS I can find multiple implementations of OpenGL who is handling my OpenGL buffer? how the OpenGL buffer is managed compared to the other windows? how can I be sure that my OpenGL implementation is glued to the hardware and is not related to the client-server logic of Xorg? For example I have tried the clutter library and I have only experienced problems under both Unity and GTK/Gnome, no problem under other OS.

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