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• Computer suddenly won't boot - stops at a flashing prompt

  - by Dave M G

  I have been running Ubuntu on my computer for a long time, and I have been using 11.10 since it became available in October. Suddenly, this morning, when I rebooted, the computer would not reach the log in screen. I go through the standard POST boot sequence, and I also get a splash screen for my Nvidia graphics card, so at least most of the hardware seems to be working. After that, all I get is a flashing text prompt - one blinking white underline character on a screen that is otherwise completely blank. I don't think it is even reaching GRUB. No key input is possible. I have tried various key combinations to try and initiate some kind of interface, be it command line or anything else. The only key combination that works is [CTRL]+[ALT]+[Delete] to reboot. I realize this is likely to be a hardware problem, but it could be an Ubuntu problem(?), so I'm hoping for a specific set of troubleshooting steps so I can diagnose and repair this issue. My current suspicion is that one of the drives in my 2 disk software RAID has failed (even though they should be too new for that). However, this computer is critical to my work, so I'd like to invite advice on any possibilities so as to waste as little time as possible in fixing this machine.

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• Is there really anything to gain with complex design? [duplicate]

  - by SB2055

  This question already has an answer here: What is enterprise software, exactly? 8 answers I've been working for a consulting firm for some time, with clients of various sizes, and I've seen web applications ranging in complexity from really simple: MVC Service Layer EF DB To really complex: MVC UoW DI / IoC Repository Service UI Tests Unit Tests Integration Tests But on both ends of the spectrum, the quality requirements are about the same. In simple projects, new devs / consultants can hop on, make changes, and contribute immediately, without having to wade through 6 layers of abstraction to understand what's going on, or risking misunderstanding some complex abstraction and costing down the line. In all cases, there was never a need to actually make code swappable or reusable - and the tests were never actually maintained past the first iteration because requirements changed, it was too time-consuming, deadlines, business pressure, etc etc. So if - in the end - testing and interfaces aren't used rapid development (read: cost-savings) is a priority the project's requirements will be changing a lot while in development ...would it be wrong to recommend a super-simple architecture, even to solve a complex problem, for an enterprise client? Is it complexity that defines enterprise solutions, or is it the reliability, # concurrent users, ease-of-maintenance, or all of the above? I know this is a very vague question, and any answer wouldn't apply to all cases, but I'm interested in hearing from devs / consultants that have been in the business for a while and that have worked with these varying degrees of complexity, to hear if the cool-but-expensive abstractions are worth the overall cost, at least while the project is in development.

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• Which of these URL scenarios is best for big link menus? [seo /user friendly urls]

  - by Sam

  Hi folks, a question about urls... me and a good friend of mine are exploring the possibilities of either of the three scenarios for a website where each webpage has a menusystem with about 130 links.: SCENARIO 1 the pages menu system has SHORT non-descriptive hyperlinks as well as a SHORT canonical: <a href:"design">dutch design</a> the pages canonical url points to e.g.: "design" OR SCENARIO 2 the pages menu system has SHORT non-descriptive hyperlinks wwith LONG canonical urls: <a href="design">dutch design</a> the pages canonical url points to: dutch-design-crazy-yes-but-always-honest OR SCENARIO 3 the pages menu system has LONG descriptive hyperlinks with LONG canonical urls: <a href="dutch-design-crazy-yes-but-always-honest">dutch design</a> the pages canonical url points to: dutch-design-crazy-yes-but-always-honest Currently we have scenario 2... should we progress to scenario 3? All three work fine and point via RewriteMod to the same page which is fetched underwater. Now, my question is which of these is better in terms of: userfriendlyness (page loading times, full url visible in url bar or not) seo friendlyness (proper indexing due to the urls containing descriptive relevant tags) other concerns we forgot like possible penalties for so many words in link hrefs?? Thanks very much for your suggestions: much appreciated!

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• When must I turn my business idea into a formal Company? [closed]

  - by Sony Santos

  I'm a programmer, I have an idea, I know how to implement it, it will be a website, and that site will be my business. My question is very basic: where in timeline must I register my business as an official Company (ie, according Government laws)? Here there are some options to debate or to help answer me: Now - or as soon as I have the idea; When looking for investors (e.g., when a prototype or business plan is ready); When implementing the website; At site's launch; I must launch the website as a personal informal business and, when the business gets success and turns into a more solid and self-running one, only then I must formalize it; It doesn't matter; I can create the company when I want. Nobody talks about that. If I just have an idea, must I run into an office to create a Company? I don't think so. When I'll look for investors, the Company must to pre-exist? Or will the Company be formed with the investor? I'm looking for a generic, country-independent answer, but may the answer for your country can be useful to me. I'm Brazilian, and I believe that the country doesn't matter to this question. (Sorry if this is off-topic, but I coudn't find a batter stackexchange site to ask this.)

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• Is error suppression acceptable in role of logic mechanism?

  - by Rarst

  This came up in code review at work in context of PHP and @ operator. However I want to try keep this in more generic form, since few question about it I found on SO got bogged down in technical specifics. Accessing array field, which is not set, results in error message and is commonly handled by following logic (pseudo code): if field value is set output field value Code in question was doing it like: start ignoring errors output field value stop ignoring errors The reasoning for latter was that it's more compact and readable code in this specific case. I feel that those benefits do not justify misuse (IMO) of language mechanics. Is such code is being "clever" in a bad way? Is discarding possible error (for any reason) acceptable practice over explicitly handling it (even if that leads to more extensive and/or intensive code)? Is it acceptable for programming operators to cross boundaries of intended use (like in this case using error handling for controlling output)? Edit I wanted to keep it more generic, but specific code being discussed was like this: if ( isset($array['field']) ) { echo '<li>' . $array['field'] . '</li>'; } vs the following example: echo '<li>' . @$array['field'] . '</li>';

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• can't get a good install:11.10 server

  - by jack

  I screwed up my partitioning aparently tring to get lvm and raid1 going. the machine is an intel dual core dt with 2 gig of ram and 2 sata drives, one 250g and the other 500g. This a build for my school in n.e. Thailand. we have 20+ clients now, a website, email. Our old server is dying fast and we are going to add another 12 stations next week. I really need some help here! 1. have onboard gigabit ethernet that aparently uses same driver as realtek 811c. I installed a pcie gigabit card also 811c. At several points the eth0 has accessed the internet fine, but the eth1 will not communicate. 2. I saw a "fix" for this online which from root: rmmod r8169. this imediately killed the working onboard card. 3.I tried to re-install 11.10 figuring that would re-install r8169. However I messed something up in my partitioning and can't get a clean boot now. 6. so I think after 12 re-installs or so and 2 days. I can get through it right if I can start over with clean drives, but I can't figure out how to empty them out what with soft raid and lvm partitions. seems like i've had it going well and then trying to fix that one little problem, i go backwards.Please help! please send email.-thanks

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• How to Effectively Create Bullet Patterns

  - by SoulBeaver

  I'm currently creating a top-down shooter like Touhou. The most important factor of the game is that there are many diverse patterns and ways at which bullets are generated and shot at the player, see this video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Nb5Ohbt1Sg#start=0:60;end=9:53; At the moment, I'm using a class "Pattern" which has a series of steps on moving and shooting. However, I feel this method is quite laborous as I have to create a new Pattern for each attack and perhaps new Bullet classes that will implement a certain behavior. This question received a comment suggesting I should look into BulletML for easy creation and storage of bullets with a specific pattern. It looks decent, but it led me to wonder, what other solutions do you have that I should take into consideration? Update My current design is as follows: An example of an implemented pattern: My GigasPattern first executes a teleport which moves Alice to a certain point (X, Y) on the screen. After this is completed, the pattern starts using the Mover to move the sprite around (whereas teleporting has separate effects and animation). These are of no concern, really, as they are quite simple. The Shooter also creates various Attacks, which are classes again that the Shooter can use to create various patterns of bullets, much like the one in the question I posted. Once the Mover has reached it's destination, both it and the shooter stop and return to an inactive state. The pattern completes, is removed by the AI and a new one gets chosen.

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• How to Manage and Use LVM (Logical Volume Management) in Ubuntu

  - by Justin Garrison

  In our previous article we told you what LVM is and what you may want to use it for, and today we are going to walk you through some of the key management tools of LVM so you will be confident when setting up or expanding your installation. As stated before, LVM is a abstraction layer between your operating system and physical hard drives. What that means is your physical hard drives and partitions are no longer tied to the hard drives and partitions they reside on. Rather, the hard drives and partitions that your operating system sees can be any number of separate hard drives pooled together or in a software RAID Latest Features How-To Geek ETC Inspire Geek Love with These Hilarious Geek Valentines How to Integrate Dropbox with Pages, Keynote, and Numbers on iPad RGB? CMYK? Alpha? What Are Image Channels and What Do They Mean? How to Recover that Photo, Picture or File You Deleted Accidentally How To Colorize Black and White Vintage Photographs in Photoshop How To Get SSH Command-Line Access to Windows 7 Using Cygwin How to Kid Proof Your Computer’s Power and Reset Buttons Microsoft’s Windows Media Player Extension Adds H.264 Support Back to Google Chrome Android Notifier Pushes Android Notices to Your Desktop Dead Space 2 Theme for Chrome and Iron Carl Sagan and Halo Reach Mashup – We Humans are Capable of Greatness [Video] Battle the Necromorphs Once Again on Your Desktop with the Dead Space 2 Theme for Windows 7

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• What will be the better way for data retrieval on application that needs to handle limited amount of data?

  - by Milanix

  Just moved this question from Stack Overflow. Since, adding my code snippets itself would make this question really long. Instead, I am pretty interested in knowing a better ways for data retrieval on application that needs to handle limited amount of data which isn't updated regularly. Let's take this example: I am writing an application which gets a schedule as an XML from server. I have written a logic in order to parse XML version and update database only if the version is newer than the local version. Although the update is checked automatically/manually on daily basis based on user preference, the actual version update happens only once per few months or so. Since, this is done by some other authority which doesn't provide API but, rather inform publicly on their changes. The actual XML contains a "(n number of groups)(days in a week) (n number of schedule)" . The group is usually 6 and the number of schedule is usually 2. So basically there would usually be only around 100 strings. Now although I have used SQLite at the moment. I want to know how to make update on database. Should I show progress dialog that the application is updating and exit the app when it's done? Since, my updates are infrequent i don't think this will really harm user experience but, is there any better ways to do it? Because I don't want update to be made when user is searching which is done using database. This will cause an database already open exception. At least I have faced this problem before. Is it better to rather parse XML every time when user wants to view certain things or to use SQLite? Since, I make lots of use of adapter in my app to create lists, will that degrade the performance?

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• Friday tips #2

  - by Chris Kawalek

  Welcome to our second Friday tips blog! You can ask us questions using the hash tag #AskOracleVirtualization on Twitter and we'll do our best to answer them. Today we've got a VDI related question on linked clones: Question: I want to use linked clones with Oracle Virtual Desktop Infrastructure. What are my options? Answer by John Renko, Consulting Developer, Oracle: First, linked clones are available with the Oracle VirtualBox hypervisor only. Second, your choice of storage will affect the rest of your architecture. If you are using a SAN presenting ISCSI LUNS, you can have linked clones with a Oracle Enterprise Linux based hypervisor running VirtualBox. OEL will use OCFS2 to allow VirtualBox to create the linked clones. Because of the OCFS2 requirement, a Solaris based VirtualBox hypervisor will not be able to support linked clones on remote ISCSI storage. If you using the local storage option on your hypervisors, you will have linked clones with Solaris or Linux based hypervisors running VirtualBox. In all cases, Oracle Virtual Desktop Infrastructure makes the right selection for creating clones - sparse or linked - behind the scenes. Plan your architecture accordingly if you want to ensure you have the higher performing linked clones.

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• How to promote an open-source project?

  - by Shehi

  First of all, I apologize if this is the wrong section of network to post this question. If it is, please feel free to move it to more appropriate location... Question: I would like to hear your ideas regarding the ways of open source projects being started and run. I have an open-source content management system project and here some questions arise: How should I act? Shall I come up with a viable pre-alpha edition with working front- and back-ends first and then announce the project publicly? Or shall I announce it right away from the scratch? As a developer I know that one should use versioning system like Git or SVN, which I do, no problems there. And the merit of unit-testing is also something to remember, which, to be frank, I am not into at all... Project management - I am a beginner in that, at best. Coding techniques and experiences such as Agile development is something I want to explore... In short, any ideas for a developer who is new to open-source world, is most welcome.

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• Ubuntu 12.10 Unity & Gnome Shell problems

  - by user109292

  I'm experiencing some problems since I decided to upgrade Ubuntu to 12.10 version two days ago. Firstly, I cannot select the Unity environment I previously used on 12.04 without opening the terminal with Ctrl+Alt+T and typing setsid unity. When I select the Unity environment on the account page when I start the computer, it automatically switch back to Gnome and launch my session. I tried to set back Unity using the setsid unity tip, and it worked fine. But after few minutes, everything freeze and I cannot control anything anymore. The only option left is to press the Power button of my Asus EeePC and switch everything off. Question 1 : What can I do to get my Unity environment back on 12.10 from the start, without using the terminal every time? What should I do to prevent the all system to freeze once done? Secondly, and since I cannot use Unity for new, I'm using an other interface, GNOME Shell. What's bothering me is that the Activities bar (let's call it like that, 'cause I don't know the proper name) and the Internet bar (or any bar from any other window) cannot merge into one another, reducing the display of the screen I'm actually using to peanuts! Question 2 : Is there a way to merge those two bars? Or is there a way to hide the Activities bar when I'm not using it like on Unity environment?

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• Kickstarter and 2D smartphone games

  - by mm24

  I am about to launch a Kickstarter project as, after 14 months of full time development on my first iOS game, I run out of money. I developed an iOS game that needs few more months to be ready (the game structure is there but haven't yet worked on balancing the difficulty of the various levels). I have a feeling that most of the computer games founded on Kickstarter are for console, PC or Mac and not for smartphones. The category that many people seem to like is RPG style games. I have done tons of work over a year and collaborated with musicians and illustrators to get top quality graphics and music. The game looks cool to be an iOS 2D game but, compared to what I've seen on Kickstarter, I feel so little and humbled. I have searched for smartphone game projects on Kickstarter but haven't found many. I believe that the reason is that people are not keen in backing an APP that is normally sold for 0.99$ as they perceive is not something big. Am I the only one having this feeling? Could anyone please share a list of references to some successfully backed kickstarter smartphone game projects? (In this way the question will not become a "chat" and will fulfill the requirements to be a gamedev question). Any other article or authoritative answer will be welcome.

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• Disabling monitor reconfiguration when closing lid

  - by Tomas

  I often need to move my laptop from one working place to another. When I do this, there are two events Ubuntu responds to by changing the monitor set up: Removing/attaching the VGA cable Closing/opening the lid of the laptop While removing the VGA cable gives me what I need (single screen, highest native resolution on the external screen if connected; otherwise highest resolution on the laptop), the laptop close/open lid response is not as good. Every time I close or open the lid, Ubuntu reconfigures the monitor set up. When I close the lid now... the screen goes black for a few seconds and it switches to clone, with my laptop screen disabled. Reopening results in... briefly a black screen, then the external monitor being used as desktop extension. Ubuntu thinks too much. My first and foremost question: Is there any way to let Ubuntu ignore lid close events? Ideally (or when there's no way to solve above question) I'd want to change how it deals with the screen reconfiguration. Why does Ubuntu toggle the screen configuration between external, clone and single display? Can't I just configure it to always use the external monitor, when present, in single screen mode? Note that similar questions have been asked before (most notably this one), but these have been closed perhaps wrongly. Any ideas are very welcome, I don't mind playing around a bit to see if something works.

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• Entity Framework and layer separation

  - by Thomas

  I'm trying to work a bit with Entity Framework and I got a question regarding the separation of layers. I usually use the UI - BLL - DAL approach and I'm wondering how to use EF here. My DAL would usually be something like GetPerson(id) { // some sql return new Person(...) } BLL: GetPerson(id) { Return personDL.GetPerson(id) } UI: Person p = personBL.GetPerson(id) My question now is: since EF creates my model and DAL, is it a good idea to wrap EF inside my own DAL or is it just a waste of time? If I don't need to wrap EF would I still place my Model.esmx inside its own class library or would it be fine to just place it inside my BLL and work some there? I can't really see the reason to wrap EF inside my own DAL but I want to know what other people are doing. So instead of having the above, I would leave out the DAL and just do: BLL: GetPerson(id) { using (TestEntities context = new TestEntities()) { var result = from p in context.Persons.Where(p => p.Id = id) select p; } } What to do?

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• What is the best way to exploit multicores when making multithread games?

  - by Keeper

  Many people suggest to write a program, and then start optimizing it. But I think that when it's coming to multithreading with multicore, a little think ahead is required. I've read about using threads, and experienced it myself during some courses at the university (still a student). The big question is simple, but a bit abstract: What thread related steps in game design do I need to take, before implementation? Now trying to be more specific. Let's say, as an example, that I'm making a small board game (like Monopoly) that I want to be multithreaded. My goal Is that this multithreaded game will exploit the best of the multicore system, lets say 4-6 cores (like in i7 processors). My answer to this question at the moment is, one thread for each of these four basic components: GUI User Input / Output AI (computer rival) Other game related calculations (like shortest path from A to B, or level up status change) I'm not an expert (yet!), and I'm sure there are better answers out there. Any suggestion, answer, different approach will be helpful. Some thoughts: Maybe splitting the main database is a good way.. (or total disaster.. )

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• Are there legitimate reasons for returning exception objects instead of throwing them?

  - by stakx

  This question is intended to apply to any OO programming language that supports exception handling; I am using C# for illustrative purposes only. Exceptions are usually intended to be raised when an problem arises that the code cannot immediately handle, and then to be caught in a catch clause in a different location (usually an outer stack frame). Q: Are there any legitimate situations where exceptions are not thrown and caught, but simply returned from a method and then passed around as error objects? This question came up for me because .NET 4's System.IObserver<T>.OnError method suggests just that: exceptions being passed around as error objects. Let's look at another scenario, validation. Let's say I am following conventional wisdom, and that I am therefore distinguishing between an error object type IValidationError and a separate exception type ValidationException that is used to report unexpected errors: partial interface IValidationError { } abstract partial class ValidationException : System.Exception { public abstract IValidationError[] ValidationErrors { get; } } (The System.Component.DataAnnotations namespace does something quite similar.) These types could be employed as follows: partial interface IFoo { } // an immutable type partial interface IFooBuilder // mutable counterpart to prepare instances of above type { bool IsValid(out IValidationError[] validationErrors); // true if no validation error occurs IFoo Build(); // throws ValidationException if !IsValid(…) } Now I am wondering, could I not simplify the above to this: partial class ValidationError : System.Exception { } // = IValidationError + ValidationException partial interface IFoo { } // (unchanged) partial interface IFooBuilder { bool IsValid(out ValidationError[] validationErrors); IFoo Build(); // may throw ValidationError or sth. like AggregateException<ValidationError> } Q: What are the advantages and disadvantages of these two differing approaches?

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• Recommend a CMS and extension to build an Event Manager [closed]

  - by Haris

  I posted this question on SO but good friends there told me that SE is the better place for these kind of questions and the post was locked there by community. Hence, posting the question here as well: I have a lead to build an event manager solution in LAMP with following functionality: It should handle events by country, city, locality in city, type of event, venue type etc. following are a few user features: to see details of city, venue, event, performer etc. to purchase tickets and reserve tables. to search for events by city, venue, type, performer etc. to manage favorite venues and performers, save events etc. the venues should be able to add their events I plan to use a CMS (Joomla, Drupal etc.) with some ready made extension that provides most of the functionality or provide framework to build upon. Could you guys suggest me a CMS and an extension to build this. I know it is possible to do this in both Joomla or Drupal. What I am looking is the extension that is closest to my requirements whether it is done in Joomla or Drupal, or as a matter of fact any other CMS. Thanks in anticipation!

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• Adding files and folders to a Root Folder (inode/directory)

  - by xBaldwin

  Ok so I'm fairly new to Ubuntu and wasn't even the one who put it one this computer(my friend did while I was storing it at his house because I was in the middle of transitioning between houses), but It's on here so I need to learn what I can so I can use it more effectively. My question at the moment is "Would it be safe to add files/folders to a folder (inode/directory) that requires Root access?" I continue to be informed by the system that the directory I am using is running low on space which I found odd seeing how I should have a lot more room on this computer. That's when I started looking at the directories and found that there are two with a bunch of un-used space on them. One says it has 46.9 GB of free space and the other has 24.9 GB of free space. Seems like a complete waste to not use that space and yet they both say they require Root access to add to them. I know that Root folders and files are normally all system folders and files. I also know that changing or deleting them can mess up the computer which right now I cant afford to do. I just don't know if it would mess anything up to add something to those folders. Thank you in advance to anyone who takes the time to reply and try to teach me about how all that works. I really do appreciate it and will do the same if by some crazy (completely unlikely) reason I have an answer to your question. :-)`

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• Herding Cats - That's My Job....

  - by user709270

  Written by Mike Schmitz - Sr. Director, Program Management Oracle JD Edwards  I remember seeing a super bowl commercial several years ago showing some well dressed people on the African savanna herding cats. I remember turning to the people I was watching the game with and telling them, “You just watched my job description”. Releasing software is a multi-facetted undertaking. In addition to making sure the code changes are complete, you also need to make sure the other key parts of a release are ready. For example when you have a question about the software, will the person on the other end of the phone be ready to answer your question? If you need training on that cool new piece of functionality, will there be an online training course ready for you to review? If you want to read about how the software is supposed to function, is there a user manual available? Putting all the release pieces together so they are available at the same time is what the JD Edwards Program Management team does. It is my team’s job to work with all the different functional teams so when a release is made generally available you have all the things you need to be successful. The JD Edwards Program Management team uses an internal planning tool called the Release Process Model (RPM) to ensure all deliverables are accounted for in a release. The RPM makes sure all the release deliverables are ready at the correct time and in the correct format. The RPM really helps all the functional teams in JD Edwards know what release deliverables they are accountable for and when they are to be delivered. It is my team’s job to make sure everyone understands what they need to do and when they need to deliver. We then make sure they are all on track to deliver on-time and in the right format. It is just that some days this feels like herding cats.

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• User Switching in XFCE 12.04 with LightDM and dumping unneeccesary Gnome libs

  - by user111120

  I'm an elder non-techie Mac-to-Linux convert trying to play the linux tech game by ear, so please be gentle! :) I am running XFCE Ubuntu 12.04 totally on a 8-gig flash drive and it's fantastic. I am starting to run into potential space issues (down to 1.0 gig free from 1.9 gigs since being installed last summer), most likely because of growing Thunderbird mail files, and this prompted my question. I just installed lightDM on my system because I want the ability to switch users in XFCE if I follow instructions on another blog. They advised using LightDM instead of GDM because LightDM doesn't download Gnome libraries. That's great since I need the space, but my question is how can I tell whether I don't already have Gnome libraries installed from other updates and such? And can I minimize having any Gnome libraries? The method for me to switch users entails creating a "fast-user-switch" file in /usr/local/bin; is there any easier way? One last thing so I din't have topen another needless thread; while experimenting I somehow lost the share folder in one of my accounts. Is there any way to get a share folder back? Thanks for any tips! Jim in NYC

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• Design Pattern for Skipping Steps in a Wizard

  - by Eric J.

  I'm designing a flexible Wizard system that presents a number of screens to complete a task. Some screens may need to be skipped based on answers to prompts on one or more previous screens. The conditions to skip a given screen need to be editable by a non-technical user via a UI. Multiple conditions need only be combined with and. I have an initial design in mind, but it feels inelegant. I wonder if there's a better way to approach this class of problem. Initial Design UI where The first column allows the user to select a question from a previous screen. The second column allows the user to select an operator applicable to the type of question asked. The third column allows the user to enter one or more values depending on the selected operator. Object Model public enum Operations { ... } public class Condition { int QuestionId { get; set; } Operations Operation { get; set; } List<object> Parameters { get; private set; } } List<Condition> pageSkipConditions; Controller Logic bool allConditionsTrue = pageSkipConditions.Count > 0; foreach (Condition c in pageSkipConditions) { allConditionsTrue &= Evaluate(previousAnswers, c); } // ... private bool Evaluate(List<Answers> previousAnswers, Condition c) { switch (c.Operation) { case Operations.StartsWith: // logic for this operation // etc. } }

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• Getting file system free space

  - by Fred Riley

  This isn't a problem as such, more a request for information based on ignorance of the Linux filesystem. The very short question is: How do I find out how much free and used space there is on the volume from which Ubuntu is running? More detail: I'm running Ubuntu 12.04 from a 64Gb USB3 stick, created from booting up a year-old Ubuntu 12.04 DVD and running Startup Disk Creator. The reason for this is that the Master Boot Record on my hard disk, holding Windoze 7, has gone belly-up, and whilst awaiting a recovery disk I'm running Ubunto off USB or DVD as a 'trial'. (And will continue to run Ubuntu after restoring Windoze, as I've rediscovered my love of the penguin :o)) After installing Ubuntu on the stick I ran the software update app, which downloaded some 450Mb of updates and took a couple of hours to install to the stick. A couple of times I got a message saying that disk space was short. So I looked in the file manager (or whatever it's called these days) and couldn't see the stick listed, just: SYSTEM hard disk (listed as 479Gb Filesystem) two other partitions that had been created by Windoze "4.3GB Filesystem" which when I try to open gives the error "Could not find /cow", and when I try to unmount it tells me I can't because it's not mounted - D'OH!! Edit: screenshot of file manager Edit: screenshot of low disk space warning What I can't see is the USB stick from which I'm running Ubuntu. Where's it gone, anybody know? This is tangentially related to a previous question of mine about system tools, in that I'm trying to get control and knowledge of the system in the newest incarnation of Ubuntu.

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• How do I use an API?

  - by GRardB

  Background I have no idea how to use an API. I know that all APIs are different, but I've been doing research and I don't fully understand the documentation that comes along with them. There's a programming competition at my university in a month and a half that I want to compete in (revolved around APIs) but nobody on my team has ever used one. We're computer science majors, so we have experience programming, but we've just never been exposed to an API. I tried looking at Twitter's documentation, but I'm lost. Would anyone be able to give me some tips on how to get started? Maybe a very easy API with examples, or explaining essential things about common elements of different APIs? I don't need a full-blown tutorial on Stack Overflow; I just need to be pointed in the right direction. Update The programming languages that I'm most fluent in are C (simple text editor usually) and Java (Eclipse). In an attempt to be more specific with my question: I understand that APIs (and yes, external libraries are what I was referring to) are simply sets of functions. Question I guess what I'm trying to ask is how I would go about accessing those functions. Do I need to download specific files and include them in my programs, or do they need to be accessed remotely, etc.?

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• How do I start working as a programmer - what do I need?

  - by giorgo

  Hello, i am currently learning Java and PHP as I have some projects from university, which require me to apply both languages. Specifically, a Java GUI application, connecting to a MySQL database and a web application that will be implemented in PHP/MySQL. I have started learning the MVC pattern, Struts, Spring and I am also learning PHP with zend. My first question is: How can I find employment as a programmer/software engineer? The reason I ask is because I have sent my CV into many companys, but all of them stated that I required work experience. I really need some guidance on how to improve my career opportunites. At present, I work on my own and haven't worked in collaboration with anyone on a particular project. I'm assuming most people create projects and submit them along with their CVs. My second question is: Everyone has to make a start from somewhere, but what if this somewhere doesn't come? What do I need to do to create the circumstances where I can easily progress forward? Thanks

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