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• Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) - am I missing something here?

  - by David Semeria

  I was reading about CORS (https://developer.mozilla.org/en/HTTP_access_control) and I think the implementation is both simple and effective. However, unless I'm missing something, I think there's a big part missing from the spec. As I understand, it's the foreign site that decides, based on the origin of the request (and optionally including credentials), whether to allow access to its resources. This is fine. But what if malicious code on the page wants to POST a user's sensitive information to a foreign site? The foreign site is obviously going to authenticate the request. Hence, again if I'm not missing something, CORS actually makes it easier to steal sensitive information. I think it would have made much more sense if the original site could also supply an immutable list of servers its page is allowed to access. So the expanded sequence would be: 1) Supply a page with list of acceptable CORS servers (abc.com, xyz.com, etc) 2) Page wants to make an XHR request to abc.com - the browser allows this because it's in the allowed list and authentication proceeds as normal 3) Page wants to make an XHR request to malicious.com - request rejected locally (ie by the browser) because the server is not in the list. I know that malicious code could still use JSONP to do its dirty work, but I would have thought that a complete implementation of CORS would imply the closing of the script tag multi-site loophole. I also checked out the official CORS spec (http://www.w3.org/TR/cors) and could not find any mention of this issue.

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• Python vs all the major professional languages [closed]

  - by Matt

  I've been reading up a lot lately on comparisons between Python and a bunch of the more traditional professional languages - C, C++, Java, etc, mainly trying to find out if its as good as those would be for my own purposes. I can't get this thought out of my head that it isn't good for 'real' programming tasks beyond automation and macros. Anyway, the general idea I got from about two hundred forum threads and blog posts is that for general, non-professional-level progs, scripts, and apps, and as long as it's a single programmer (you) writing it, a given program can be written quicker and more efficiently with Python than it could be with pretty much any other language. But once its big enough to require multiple programmers or more complex than a regular person (read: non-professional) would have any business making, it pretty much becomes instantly inferior to a million other languages. Is this idea more or less accurate? (I'm learning Python for my first language and want to be able to make any small app that I want, but I plan on learning C eventually too, because I want to get into driver writing eventually. So I've been trying to research each ones strengths and weaknesses as much as I can.) Anyway, thanks for any input

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• Where do you use Java code? Trouble sending .jar files

  - by leigero

  Apologies for the generic nature of this question. I have been learning Java for a few months now, and I've created a few simple projects which have some functionality. I wanted to send the projects to a friend and I'm running into countless errors and struggles. Passing a .jar file is causing "Main class not found" errors when they try to open it. I tried using third party software to wrap the .jar files into an .exe file and the same errors still persist. Beyond that, I'm convinced that passing around .jar files wrapped into .exe files via third party software is NOT how Java was intended to be used. I've read two books on Java and they all talk about structuring the language, but I'm confused about WHERE I'm supposed to be using this code because it has become painfully obvious that it is NOT intended to be passed around in file format. Is this a server programming language? Used on the back end of websites mainly? I'm not sure where one would be using the code written in Java.

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• UIViewController maintains state after being nilled

  - by Eric

  In my app, I made a BookViewController class that displays and animates the pages of a book and a MainMenuViewController class that displays a set of books the user can read. In the latter class, when the user taps on one of the books, a function is called that should create a completely new instance of BookViewController, but for some reason the instance maintains its state (i.e. it resumes from the page the user left off). How can this be if I set it to nil? What am I missing here? (Note that I'm using ARC). MainMenuViewController.m @interface MainMenuViewController () @property (strong) BookViewController *bookViewController; @end @implementation MainMenuViewController @synthesize bookViewController; -(void)bookTapped:(UIButton *)sender{ NSString *bookTitle; if(sender == book1button) bookTitle = @"book1"; else if(sender == book2button) bookTitle = @"book2"; bookViewController = nil; bookViewController = [[BookViewController alloc] initWithBookTitle:bookTitle]; [self presentViewController:bookViewController animated:YES completion:nil]; } BookViewController.h @interface BookViewController : UIViewController -(id)initWithBookTitle:(NSString *)bookTitle; @end BookViewController.m @implementation BookViewController -(id)initWithBookTitle:(NSString *)theBookTitle{ self = [super init]; if(self){ bookTitle = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@", theBookTitle]; [self setModalTransitionStyle:UIModalTransitionStyleCrossDissolve]; NSLog(@"init a BookViewController with bookTitle: %@", bookTitle); } return self; } Every time a book is tapped, bookTapped: is called, and thee console always prints: 2012-08-31 16:29:51.750 AppName[25713:c07] init a BookViewController with bookTitle: book1 So if a new instance of BookViewController is being created, how come it seems to be returning the old one?

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• Custom Image Button and Radio/Toggle Button from Common Base Class

  - by Wonko the Sane

  Hi All, I would like to create a set of custom controls that are basically image buttons (it's a little more complex than that, but that's the underlying effect I'm going for) that I've seen a few different examples for. However, I would like to further extend that to also allow radio/toggle buttons. What I'd like to do is have a common abstract class called ImageButtonBase that has default implementations for ImageSource and Text, etc. That makes a regular ImageButton implementation pretty easy. The issue I am having is creating the RadioButton flavor of it. As I see it, there are at least three options: It would be easy to create something that derives from RadioButton, but then I can't use the abstract class I've created. I could change the abstract class to an interface, but then I lose the abstract implementations, and will in fact have duplication of code. I could derive from my abstract class, and re-implement the RadioButton-type properties and events (IsChecked, GroupName, etc.), but that certainly doesn't seem like a great idea. Note: I have seen http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2362641/how-to-get-a-group-of-toggle-buttons-to-act-like-radio-buttons-in-wpf, but what I want to do is a little more complex. I'm just wondering if anybody has an example of an implementation, or something that might be adapted to this kind of scenario. I can see pros and cons of each of the ideas above, but each comes with potential pitfalls. Thanks, wTs

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• Splitting Code into Headers/Source files

  - by cam

  I took the following code from the examples page on Asio class tcp_connection : public boost::enable_shared_from_this<tcp_connection> { public: typedef boost::shared_ptr<tcp_connection> pointer; static pointer create(boost::asio::io_service& io_service) { return pointer(new tcp_connection(io_service)); } tcp::socket& socket() { return socket_; } void start() { message_ = make_daytime_string(); boost::asio::async_write(socket_, boost::asio::buffer(message_), boost::bind(&tcp_connection::handle_write, shared_from_this(), boost::asio::placeholders::error, boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred)); } private: tcp_connection(boost::asio::io_service& io_service) : socket_(io_service) { } void handle_write(const boost::system::error_code& /*error*/, size_t /*bytes_transferred*/) { } tcp::socket socket_; std::string message_; }; I'm relatively new to C++ (from a C# background), and from what I understand, most people would split this into header and source files (declaration/implementation, respectively). Is there any reason I can't just leave it in the header file if I'm going to use it across many source files? If so, are there any tools that will automatically convert it to declaration/implementation for me? Can someone show me what this would look like split into header/source file for an example (or just part of it, anyway)? I get confused around weird stuff like thistypedef boost::shared_ptr<tcp_connection> pointer; Do I include this in the header or the source? Same with tcp::socket& socket() I've read many tutorials, but this has always been something that has confused me about C++.

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• Web Project for F#

  - by mfeingold

  I am building a project system for Visual Studio MVC web projects with controllers written in F#. It comes along pretty cool. I can build and run the apps, but I have a problem with FSharp Language Service. In the editor it shows the syntax colorization and diagnostic as it should. With one problem - it does not pick up project references. Even though during build it picks them up and successfully builds the project, on the screen it shows the objects/namespaces from the referenced assemblies/projects as unresolved. If somebody out here has some knowledge about integrating with F# Language service - please help me make it work In response to Tomas: The code for F# controllers is in the project file and as I already mentioned I can compile and run it. Originally we kept the F# code in a separate project and desire to get rid of this extra complexity is what prompted this project. It is not a ASP.MVC though it is Bistro MVC. Edit BistroMVC now solves this problem in the latest version of the Bistro Designer which is based on the F# project extender

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• C++ destructor problem with boost::scoped_ptr

  - by bb-generation

  I have a question about the following code: #include <iostream> #include <boost/scoped_ptr.hpp> class Interface { }; class A : public Interface { public: A() { std::cout << "A()" << std::endl; } virtual ~A() { std::cout << "~A()" << std::endl; } }; Interface* get_a() { A* a = new A; return a; } int main() { { std::cout << "1" << std::endl; boost::scoped_ptr<Interface> x(get_a()); std::cout << "2" << std::endl; } std::cout << "3" << std::endl; } It creates the following output: 1 A() 2 3 As you can see, it doesn't call the destructor of A. The only way I see to get the destructor of A being called, is to add a destructor for the Interface class like this: virtual ~Interface() { } But I really want to avoid any Implementation in my Interface class and virtual ~Interface() = 0; doesn't work (produces some linker errors complaining about a non existing implementation of ~Interface(). So my question is: What do I have to change in order to make the destructor being called, but (if possible) leave the Interface as an Interface (only abstract methods).

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• How to use accessors within the same class in Objective C?

  - by Azeworai

  Hi, I have a few properties defined in my header file like so @property (assign) bool connectivity_N; @property (assign) bool isConnected_N; In my implementation file I have an init and the synthesized properties like so @implementation Map @synthesize connectivity_N; @synthesize isConnected_N; a init to set the initial values like so -(id) init { if( (self=[super init]) ) { //initialise default properties self.connectivity_N=NO; self.isConnected_N=NO; } return self; } I'm running into an error that states Error: accessing unknown 'connectivity_N' class method. In this public method within the class +(bool) isConnectable:(directions) theDirection{ bool isTheDirectionConnectable= NO; switch (theDirection) { case north: isTheDirectionConnectable= self.connectivity_N; break; I'm not sure why is this so as I'm trying to grab the value of the property. According to the apple developer documentation "The default names for the getter and setter methods associated with a property are propertyName and setPropertyName: respectively—for example, given a property “foo”, the accessors would be foo and setFoo:" That has given me a clue that I've done something wrong here, I'm fairly new to objective C so would appreciate anyone who spends the time to explain this to me. Thanks!

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• Is it possible to customize @synthesized properties?

  - by Dan K.

  I'm probably just being a bit lazy here, but bear with me. Here's my situation. I have a class with two nonatomic, retained properties. Let's say: @property (nonatomic, retain) UITextField *dateField; @property (nonatomic, retain) NSDate *date; I synthesize them as expected in the implementation. What I want to happen is that whenever the setter on date is invoked, it also does something to the dateField (i.e. it sets the text property on the dateField to be a nicely formatted version of the date). I realize I can just manually override the setter for date in my implementation by doing the following: - (void) setDate:(NSDate *)newDate { if (date != newDate) { [date release]; date = [newDate retain]; // my code to touch the dateField goes here } } What would be awesome is if I could let Objective C handle the retain/release cycle, but still be able to "register" (for lack of a better term) a custom handler that would be invoked after the retain/release/set happens. My guess is that isn't possible. My google-fu didn't come up with any answer to this, though, so I thought I'd ask.

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• Java: Inputting text from a file using split

  - by 00PS

  I am inputting an adjacency list for a graph. There are three columns of data (vertex, destination, edge) separated by a single space. Here is my implementation so far: FileStream in = new FileStream("input1.txt"); Scanner s = new Scanner(in); String buffer; String [] line = null; while (s.hasNext()) { buffer = s.nextLine(); line = buffer.split("\\s+"); g.add(line[0]); System.out.println("Added vertex " + line[0] + "."); g.addEdge(line[0], line[1], Integer.parseInt(line[2])); System.out.println("Added edge from " + line[0] + " to " + line[1] + " with a weight of " + Integer.parseInt(line[2]) + "."); } System.out.println("Size of graph = " + g.size()); Here is the output: Added vertex a. Added edge from a to b with a weight of 9. Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException at structure5.GraphListDirected.addEdge(GraphListDirected.java:93) at Driver.main(Driver.java:28) I was under the impression that line = buffer.split("\\s+"); would return a 2 dimensional array of Strings to the variable line. It seemed to work the first time but not the second. Any thoughts? I would also like some feedback on my implementation of this problem. Is there a better way? Anything to help out a novice! :)

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• How do I capture Chinese input via SCIM with STDIN in Perl?

  - by KCArpe

  I use SCIM on Linux for Chinese and Japanese language input. Unfortunately, when I try to capture input using Perl's STDIN, the input is crazy. As roman characters are typed, SCIM tries to guess the correct final characters. ^H (backspace) codes are used to delete previously suggested chars on the command line. (As you type, SCIM tries to guess final Asian chars and displays them.) However, these backspace chars are shown literally as ^H and not interpreted correctly. Example one-liner: perl -e 'print "Chinese: "; my $s = <STDIN>; print $s' When I enable SCIM Chinese or Japanese language input, as I type, e.g., nihao = ??, here is the result: ?^H?^H?^H?^H?^H??^H^H??^H^H??^H^H??^H^H??^H^H??^H^H??^H^H??^H^H??^H^H?? At the very end of this string, you can see "??" (nihao/hello). At a normal bash prompt, if I type nihao (with Chinese enabled), the results is perfect. This has something to do with interpretation of backspace chars (or control chars) during Perl's STDIN. The same thing happens when using command 'read' in Bash. Witness: read -p 'Chinese: ' s && echo $s

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• C vs C++ function questions

  - by james

  I am learning C, and after starting out learning C++ as my first compiled language, I decided to "go back to basics" and learn C. There are two questions that I have concerning the ways each language deals with functions. Firstly, why does C "not care" about the scope that functions are defined in, whereas C++ does? For example, int main() { donothing(); return 0; } void donothing() { } the above will not compile in a C++ compiler, whereas it will compile in a C compiler. Why is this? Isn't C++ mostly just an extension on C, and should be mostly "backward compatible"? Secondly, the book that I found (Link to pdf) does not seem to state a return type for the main function. I check around and found other books and websites and these also commonly do not specify return types for the main function. If I try to compile a program that does not specify a return type for main, it compiles fine (although with some warnings) in a C compiler, but it doesn't compile in a C++ compiler. Again, why is that? Is it better style to always specify the return type as an integer rather than leaving it out? Thanks for any help, and just as a side note, if anyone can suggest a better book that I should buy that would be great!

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• Is there a case for parameterising using Abstract classes rather than Interfaces?

  - by Chris

  I'm currently developing a component based API that is heavily stateful. The top level components implement around a dozen interfaces each. The stock top-level components therefore sit ontop of a stack of Abstract implementations which in turn contain multiple mixin implementations and implement multiple mixin interfaces. So far, so good (I hope). The problem is that the base functionality is extremely complex to implement (1,000s of lines in 5 layers of base classes) and therefore I do not wish for component writers to implement the interfaces themselves but rather to extend my base classes (where all the boiler plate code is already written). If the API therefore accepts interfaces rather than references to the Abstract implementation that I wish for component writers to extends, then I have a risk that the implementer will not perform the validation that is both required and assumed by other areas of code. Therefore, my question is, is it sometimes valid to paramerise API methods using an abstract implementation reference rather than a reference to the interface(s) that it implements? Do you have an example of a well-designed API that uses this technique or am I trying to talk myself into bad-practice?

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• Java extends classes - Share the extended class fields within the super class.

  - by Bastan

  Straight to the point... I have a class public class P_Gen{ protected String s; protected Object oP_Gen; public P_Gen(String str){ s = str; oP_Gen = new Myclass(this); } } Extended class: public class P extends P_Gen{ protected Object oP; public P(String str){ oP = new aClass(str); super(str); } } MyClass: public class MyClass{ protected Object oMC; public MyClass(P extendedObject){ oMc = oP.getSomething(); } } I came to realize that MyClass can only be instantiated with (P_Gen thisObject) as opposed to (P extendedObject). The situation is that I have code generated a bunch of classes like P_Gen. For each of them I have generated a class P which would contains my P specific custom methods and fields. When I'll regenerate my code in the future, P would not be overwritten as P_Gen would. ** So what happened in my case???!!!... I realized that MyClass would beneficiate from the info stored in P in addition to only P_Gen. Would that possible? I know it's not JAVA "realistic" since another class that extends P_Gen might not have the same fields... BY DESIGN, P_Gen will not be extended by anything but P.... And that's where it kinda make sens. :-) at least in other programming language ;-) In other programming language, it seems like P_Gen.this === P.this, in other word, "this" becomes a combination of P and P_Gen. Is there a way to achieve this knowing that P_Gen won't be extended by anything than P?

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• Embedded scripting engine in .Net app

  - by Nate

  I am looking to replace an old control being used for scripting an application. The control used to be called SAX Basic, but is now called WinWrap. It provides us with two primary functions. 1) It's a scripting engine (VB) 2) It has a GUI for developing and debugging scripts that get run in the hosting application. The first feature it provides is actually pretty easy to replace. There are so many great methods of running just about any kind of code at runtime that it's almost a non-issue. Just about any language targeting the .Net runtime will work for us. We've looked at running C#, PowerShell, VB.Net, IronPython, etc. I've also taken a brief look at Lua and F#, but honestly the language isn't the biggest barrier here. Now, for the hard part that seems to keep getting me stuck. We want a code editor, and debugger. Something simple, not unlike PowerShell's ISE would be fine. Just as long as a file could be created, saved, debugged and executed. I'm currently looking into Visual Studio 2010 Shell (Isolated) and I'm also looking at the feasibility of embedding PowerShell ISE in my application. Are there any other editor's I could embed/use in my application? Purchasing a product is not out of the question. It comes down to a combination of ease of use, how well it meets our needs, and how simple deployment and licensing is for developers. Thanks for the pointers

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• Array indexOf implentation for Internet Explorer

  - by Daemon

  There are plenty of solutions on how to get the indexOf implementation into the Array prototype so that it works under Internet Explorer, however I've stumbled upon an issue that doesn't seem to be addressed anywhere I've looked so far. Using the pretty well agreed upon implementation at MDC, I have the following code that's being problematic now: // indexOf support for IE (from MDC) if (!Array.prototype.indexOf) { Array.prototype.indexOf = function(elt /*, from*/) { var len = this.length >>> 0; var from = Number(arguments[1]) || 0; from = (from < 0) ? Math.ceil(from) : Math.floor(from); if (from < 0) from += len; for (; from < len; from++) { if (from in this && this[from] === elt) return from; } return -1; }; } var i = [1,2,3,4]; for (j in i) { alert(i[j]); } I am expecting to receive 4 alerts, each one containing one of the elements of the array. In Firefox and Chrome, that's exactly what I see, however in IE8 I get an additional alert containing the indexOf function code. What can be done to avoid this?

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• How can I determine whether or not to add project items using IWizard?

  - by taarskog

  Hi, I am generating entity wrappers in VS2010 based on dynamic objects in a CRM system. In addition to the entity code, I want to add an EntityBase of which all entities inherit from. If the file exists in the project from before, it should not be added. I am using an IWizard implementation to give the generator the object names etc. Is it possible in the IWizard implementation to determine whether or not to add an item if it exists in the project from before? How do I get a hold of the project handle and its items in or before the ShouldAddProjectItem method? My code so far (not completed): public class EntityWizardImplementation : IWizard { public void BeforeOpeningFile(ProjectItem projectItem) { //Note: Nothing here. } public void ProjectFinishedGenerating(Project project) { //Note: Nothing here. } public void ProjectItemFinishedGenerating(ProjectItem projectItem) { //Note: Nothing here. } public void RunFinished() { //Note: Nothing here. } public void RunStarted(object automationObject, Dictionary<string, string> replacementsDictionary, WizardRunKind runKind, object[] customParams) { try { var window = new WizardWindow(); // Replace parameters gathered from the wizard replacementsDictionary.Add("$crmEntity$", window.CrmEntity); replacementsDictionary.Add("$crmOrganization$", window.CrmOrganization); replacementsDictionary.Add("$crmMetadataServiceUrl$", window.CrmMetadataUrl); window.Close(); } catch (SoapException se) { MessageBox.Show(se.ToString()); } catch (Exception e) { MessageBox.Show(e.ToString()); } } public bool ShouldAddProjectItem(string filePath) { // This is where I assume it is correct to handle the preexisting file. return true; } }

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• How can I create an Assembly program WITHOUT using libraries?

  - by Newbie

  Hello. I've literally only just started looking to learn Assembly language. I'm using the NASM assembler on Windows Vista. Usually, when I begin to learn a new language, I'll copy someone else's Hello World code and try to understand it line-by-line. However, I'm finding it suprisingy difficult to find a Hello World program that doesn't reference other libraries! You see, there's no point trying to understand each line of the code if it is closely linked with a whole library of additional code! One of the reasons I want to learn Assembly is so that I can have near complete control over the programs I write. I don't want to be depending on any libraries. And so my question is this: Can anyone give me NASM-compatible Assembly code to a completely stand-alone Hello World program that can output to the Windows Vista console? Alternatively, I appreciate that a library may be required to tell the pogram WHERE to print the output (ie. the Windows console). Other than that, I can't see why any libraries should be required. Am I overlooking anything?

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• Can I control object creation using MEF?

  - by Akash

  I need to add some extension points to our existing code, and I've been looking at MEF as a possible solution. We have an IRandomNumberGenerator interface, with a default implementation (ConcreteRNG) that we would like to be swappable. This sounds like an ideal scenario for MEF, but I've been having problems with the way we instantiate the random number generators. Our current code looks like: public class Consumer { private List<IRandomNumberGenerator> generators; private List<double> seeds; public Consumer() { generators = new List<IRandomNumberGenerator>(); seeds = new List<double>(new[] {1.0, 2.0, 3.0}); foreach(var seed in seeds) { generators.Add(new ConcreteRNG(seed); } } } In other words, the consumer is responsible for instantiating the RNGs it needs, including providing the seed that each instance requires. What I'd like to do is to have the concrete RNG implementation discovered and instantiated by MEF (using the DirectoryCatalog). I'm not sure how to achieve this. I could expose a Generators property and mark it as an [Import], but how do I provide the required seeds? Is there some other approach I am missing?

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• Ways to make (relatively) safe assumptions about the type of concrete subclasses?

  - by Kylotan

  I have an interface (defined as a abstract base class) that looks like this: class AbstractInterface { public: bool IsRelatedTo(const AbstractInterface& other) const = 0; } And I have an implementation of this (constructors etc omitted): class ConcreteThing { public: bool IsRelatedTo(const AbstractInterface& other) const { return m_ImplObject.has_relationship_to(other.m_ImplObject); } private: ImplementationObject m_ImplObject; } The AbstractInterface forms an interface in Project A, and the ConcreteThing lives in Project B as an implementation of that interface. This is so that code in Project A can access data from Project B without having a direct dependency on it - Project B just has to implement the correct interface. Obviously the line in the body of the IsRelatedTo function cannot compile - that instance of ConcreteThing has an m_ImplObject member, but it can't assume that all AbstractInterfaces do, including the other argument. In my system, I can actually assume that all implementations of AbstractInterface are instances of ConcreteThing (or subclasses thereof), but I'd prefer not to be casting the object to the concrete type in order to get at the private member, or encoding that assumption in a way that will crash without a diagnostic later if this assumption ceases to hold true. I cannot modify ImplementationObject, but I can modify AbstractInterface and ConcreteThing. I also cannot use the standard RTTI mechanism for checking a type prior to casting, or use dynamic_cast for a similar purpose. I have a feeling that I might be able to overload IsRelatedTo with a ConcreteThing argument, but I'm not sure how to call it via the base IsRelatedTo(AbstractInterface) method. It wouldn't get called automatically as it's not a strict reimplementation of that method. Is there a pattern for doing what I want here, allowing me to implement the IsRelatedTo function via ImplementationObject::has_relationship_to(ImplementationObject), without risky casts? (Also, I couldn't think of a good question title - please change it if you have a better one.)

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• Python "callable" attribute (pseudo-property)

  - by mgilson

  In python, I can alter the state of an instance by directly assigning to attributes, or by making method calls which alter the state of the attributes: foo.thing = 'baz' or: foo.thing('baz') Is there a nice way to create a class which would accept both of the above forms which scales to large numbers of attributes that behave this way? (Shortly, I'll show an example of an implementation that I don't particularly like.) If you're thinking that this is a stupid API, let me know, but perhaps a more concrete example is in order. Say I have a Document class. Document could have an attribute title. However, title may want to have some state as well (font,fontsize,justification,...), but the average user might be happy enough just setting the title to a string and being done with it ... One way to accomplish this would be to: class Title(object): def __init__(self,text,font='times',size=12): self.text = text self.font = font self.size = size def __call__(self,*text,**kwargs): if(text): self.text = text[0] for k,v in kwargs.items(): setattr(self,k,v) def __str__(self): return '<title font={font}, size={size}>{text}</title>'.format(text=self.text,size=self.size,font=self.font) class Document(object): _special_attr = set(['title']) def __setattr__(self,k,v): if k in self._special_attr and hasattr(self,k): getattr(self,k)(v) else: object.__setattr__(self,k,v) def __init__(self,text="",title=""): self.title = Title(title) self.text = text def __str__(self): return str(self.title)+'<body>'+self.text+'</body>' Now I can use this as follows: doc = Document() doc.title = "Hello World" print (str(doc)) doc.title("Goodbye World",font="Helvetica") print (str(doc)) This implementation seems a little messy though (with __special_attr). Maybe that's because this is a messed up API. I'm not sure. Is there a better way to do this? Or did I leave the beaten path a little too far on this one? I realize I could use @property for this as well, but that wouldn't scale well at all if I had more than just one attribute which is to behave this way -- I'd need to write a getter and setter for each, yuck.

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• Type-safe generic data structures in plain-old C?

  - by Bradford Larsen

  I have done far more C++ programming than "plain old C" programming. One thing I sorely miss when programming in plain C is type-safe generic data structures, which are provided in C++ via templates. For sake of concreteness, consider a generic singly linked list. In C++, it is a simple matter to define your own template class, and then instantiate it for the types you need. In C, I can think of a few ways of implementing a generic singly linked list: Write the linked list type(s) and supporting procedures once, using void pointers to go around the type system. Write preprocessor macros taking the necessary type names, etc, to generate a type-specific version of the data structure and supporting procedures. Use a more sophisticated, stand-alone tool to generate the code for the types you need. I don't like option 1, as it is subverts the type system, and would likely have worse performance than a specialized type-specific implementation. Using a uniform representation of the data structure for all types, and casting to/from void pointers, so far as I can see, necessitates an indirection that would be avoided by an implementation specialized for the element type. Option 2 doesn't require any extra tools, but it feels somewhat clunky, and could give bad compiler errors when used improperly. Option 3 could give better compiler error messages than option 2, as the specialized data structure code would reside in expanded form that could be opened in an editor and inspected by the programmer (as opposed to code generated by preprocessor macros). However, this option is the most heavyweight, a sort of "poor-man's templates". I have used this approach before, using a simple sed script to specialize a "templated" version of some C code. I would like to program my future "low-level" projects in C rather than C++, but have been frightened by the thought of rewriting common data structures for each specific type. What experience do people have with this issue? Are there good libraries of generic data structures and algorithms in C that do not go with Option 1 (i.e. casting to and from void pointers, which sacrifices type safety and adds a level of indirection)?

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• How to bind Assisted Injected class to interface?

  - by eric2323223

  Here is the problem I met: Class SimpleCommand implements Executable{ private final ConfigManager config; private String name; @Inject public SimpleCommand(ConfigManager config, @Assisted String name){ this.config = config; this.name = name; } } Class MyModule extends AbstractModule{ @Override protected void configure() { bind(CommandFactory.class).toProvider(FactoryProvider.newFactory(CommandFactory.class, SimpleCommand.class)); bind(Executable.class).to(SimpleCommand.class); } } When I try to get instance of SimpleCommand using: Guice.createInjector(new MyModule()).getInstance(CommandFactory.class).create("sample command"); I got this error: 1) No implementation for java.lang.String annotated with @com.google.inject.assistedinject.Assisted(value=) was bound. while locating java.lang.String annotated with @com.google.inject.assistedinject.Assisted(value=) for parameter 2 at model.Command.<init>(SimpleCommand.java:58) at module.MyModule.configure(MyModule.java:34) So my problem is how can I bind SimpleCommand to Executable when SimpleCommand has Assisted Injected parameter? Here is the CommandFactory and its implementation: public interface CommandFactory{ public Command create(String name); } public class GuiceCommandFactory implements CommandFactory{ private Provider<ConfigManager> configManager ; @Inject public GuiceCommandFactory(Provider<ConfigManager> configManager){ this.configManager = configManager; } public Command create(String cmd){ return new Command(configManager.get(), cmd); } }

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• Which web solution should I use for my project?

  - by BenIOs

  I'm going to create a fairly large (from my point of view anyway) web project with a friend. We will create a site with roads and other road related info. Our calculations is that we will have around 100k items in our database. Each item will contain some information like location, name etc. (about 30 thing each). We are counting on having a few hundred thousand unique visitors per month. The 100k items and their locations (that will be searchable) will be the main part of the page but we will also have some articles, comments, news and later on some more social functions (accounts, forums, picture uploads etc.). We were going to use Google AppEngine to develop our project since it is really scalable and free (at least for a while). But I'm actually starting to doubt that AppEngine is right for us. It seems to be for webbapps and not sites like ours. Which system (language/framework etc.) would you guys recommend us to use? It doesn't really mater if we know the language since before (we like learning new stuff) but it would be good if it's something that is future proof.

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