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  • C# Multiple constraints

    - by John
    I have an application with lots of generics and IoC. I have an interface like this: public interface IRepository<TType, TKeyType> : IRepo Then I have a bunch of tests for my different implementations of IRepository. Many of the objects have dependencies on other objects so for the purpose of testing I want to just grab one that is valid. I can define a separate method for each of them: public static EmailType GetEmailType() { return ContainerManager.Container.Resolve<IEmailTypeRepository>().GetList().FirstOrDefault(); } But I want to make this generic so it can by used to get any object from the repository it works with. I defined this: public static R GetItem<T, R>() where T : IRepository<R, int> { return ContainerManager.Container.Resolve<T>().GetList().FirstOrDefault(); } This works fine for the implementations that use an integer for the key. But I also have repositories that use string. So, I do this now: public static R GetItem<T, R, W>() where T : IRepository<R, W> This works fine. But I'd like to restrict 'W' to either int or string. Is there a way to do that? The shortest question is, can I constrain a generic parameter to one of multiple types?

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  • PHP Outputting File Attachments with Headers

    - by OneNerd
    After reading a few posts here I formulated this function which is sort of a mishmash of a bunch of others: function outputFile( $filePath, $fileName, $mimeType = '' ) { // Setup $mimeTypes = array( 'pdf' => 'application/pdf', 'txt' => 'text/plain', 'html' => 'text/html', 'exe' => 'application/octet-stream', 'zip' => 'application/zip', 'doc' => 'application/msword', 'xls' => 'application/vnd.ms-excel', 'ppt' => 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint', 'gif' => 'image/gif', 'png' => 'image/png', 'jpeg' => 'image/jpg', 'jpg' => 'image/jpg', 'php' => 'text/plain' ); // Send Headers //-- next line fixed as per suggestion -- header('Content-Type: ' . $mimeTypes[$mimeType]); header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="' . $fileName . '"'); header('Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary'); header('Accept-Ranges: bytes'); header('Cache-Control: private'); header('Pragma: private'); header('Expires: Mon, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT'); readfile($filePath); } I have a php page (file.php) which does something like this (lots of other code stripped out): // I run this thru a safe function not shown here $safe_filename = $_GET['filename']; outputFile ( "/the/file/path/{$safe_filename}", $safe_filename, substr($safe_filename, -3) ); Seems like it should work, and it almost does, but I am having the following issues: When its a text file, I am getting a strange symbol as the first letter in the text document When its a word doc, it is corrupt (presumably that same first bit or byte throwing things off). I presume all other file types will be corrupt - have not even tried them Any ideas on what I am doing wrong? Thanks - UPDATE: changed line of code as suggested - still same issue.

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  • How to unit test generic classes

    - by Rowland Shaw
    I'm trying to set up some unit tests for an existing compact framework class library. However, I've fallen at the first hurdle, where it appears that the test framework is unable to load the types involved (even though they're both in the class library being tested) Test method MyLibrary.Tests.MyGenericClassTest.MyMethodTest threw exception: System.MissingMethodException: Could not load type 'MyLibrary.MyType' from assembly 'MyLibrary, Version=1.0.3778.36113, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null'.. My code is loosely: public class MyGenericClass<T> : List<T> where T : MyType, new() { public bool MyMethod(T foo) { throw new NotImplementedException(); } } With test methods: public void MyMethodTestHelper<T>() where T : MyType, new() { MyGenericClass<T> target = new MyGenericClass<T>(); foo = new T(); expected = true; actual = target.MyMethod(foo); Assert.AreEqual(expected, actual); } [TestMethod()] public void MyMethodTest() { MyMethodTestHelper<MyType>(); } I'm a bit stumped though, as I can't even get it to break in the debugger to get to the inner exception, so what else do I check? EDIT this does seem to be something specific to the Compact Framework - recompiling the class libraries and the unit tests for the full framework, gives the expected output (i.e. the debugger stops when I'm going to throw a NotImplementedException).

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  • Pre-formatting text to prevent reflowing

    - by mattjn
    I've written a fairly simple script that will take elements (in this case, <p> elements are the main concern) and type their contents out like a typewriter, one by one. The problem is that as it types, when it reaches the edge of the container mid-word, it reflows the text and jumps to the next line (like word wrap in any text editor). This is, of course, expected behavior; however, I would like to pre-format the text so that this does not happen. I figure that inserting <br> before the word that will wrap would be the best solution, but I'm not quite sure what the best way to go about doing that is that supports all font sizes and container widths, while also keeping any HTML tags intact. I figure something involving a hidden <span> element, adding text to it gradually and checking its width against the container width might be on the right track, but I'm not quite sure how to actually put this together. Any help or suggestions on better methods would be appreciated.

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  • Delphi: How to avoid EIntOverflow underflow when subtracting?

    - by Ian Boyd
    Microsoft already says, in the documentation for GetTickCount, that you could never compare tick counts to check if an interval has passed. e.g.: Incorrect (pseudo-code): DWORD endTime = GetTickCount + 10000; //10 s from now ... if (GetTickCount > endTime) break; The above code is bad because it is suceptable to rollover of the tick counter. For example, assume that the clock is near the end of it's range: endTime = 0xfffffe00 + 10000 = 0x00002510; //9,488 decimal Then you perform your check: if (GetTickCount > endTime) Which is satisfied immediatly, since GetTickCount is larger than endTime: if (0xfffffe01 > 0x00002510) The solution Instead you should always subtract the two time intervals: DWORD startTime = GetTickCount; ... if (GetTickCount - startTime) > 10000 //if it's been 10 seconds break; Looking at the same math: if (GetTickCount - startTime) > 10000 if (0xfffffe01 - 0xfffffe00) > 10000 if (1 > 10000) Which is all well and good in C/C++, where the compiler behaves a certain way. But what about Delphi? But when i perform the same math in Delphi, with overflow checking on ({Q+}, {$OVERFLOWCHECKS ON}), the subtraction of the two tick counts generates an EIntOverflow exception when the TickCount rolls over: if (0x00000100 - 0xffffff00) > 10000 0x00000100 - 0xffffff00 = 0x00000200 What is the intended solution for this problem? Edit: i've tried to temporarily turn off OVERFLOWCHECKS: {$OVERFLOWCHECKS OFF}] delta = GetTickCount - startTime; {$OVERFLOWCHECKS ON} But the subtraction still throws an EIntOverflow exception. Is there a better solution, involving casts and larger intermediate variable types?

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  • How do I select dynamic ids in this format?

    - by sjsc
    I'm trying to select dynamic ids when a user types something into the input fields. My app spits out the input fields in the following format: <input id="student_1_first_name" /> <input id="student_1_last_name" /> <input id="student_2_first_name" /> <input id="student_2_last_name" /> <input id="student_3_first_name" /> <input id="student_3_last_name" /> etc. For example, I tried doing this to select the end of the id string: <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready( function (){ $("input[id$=_first_name]").bind("keyup", run_some_function_here); run_some_function_here(); $("input[id$=_last_name]").bind("keyup", run_some_function_here); run_some_function_here(); } ); </script> When I do that, Jquery can't seem to select the input ids, so the functions don't run. Do you have any ideas on how I can select the ids correctly?

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  • Could I do this blind relative to absolute path conversion (for perforce depot paths) better?

    - by wonderfulthunk
    I need to "blindly" (i.e. without access to the filesystem, in this case the source control server) convert some relative paths to absolute paths. So I'm playing with dotdots and indices. For those that are curious I have a log file produced by someone else's tool that sometimes outputs relative paths, and for performance reasons I don't want to access the source control server where the paths are located to check if they're valid and more easily convert them to their absolute path equivalents. I've gone through a number of (probably foolish) iterations trying to get it to work - mostly a few variations of iterating over the array of folders and trying delete_at(index) and delete_at(index-1) but my index kept incrementing while I was deleting elements of the array out from under myself, which didn't work for cases with multiple dotdots. Any tips on improving it in general or specifically the lack of non-consecutive dotdot support would be welcome. Currently this is working with my limited examples, but I think it could be improved. It can't handle non-consecutive '..' directories, and I am probably doing a lot of wasteful (and error-prone) things that I probably don't need to do because I'm a bit of a hack. I've found a lot of examples of converting other types of relative paths using other languages, but none of them seemed to fit my situation. These are my example paths that I need to convert, from: //depot/foo/../bar/single.c //depot/foo/docs/../../other/double.c //depot/foo/usr/bin/../../../else/more/triple.c to: //depot/bar/single.c //depot/other/double.c //depot/else/more/triple.c And my script: begin paths = File.open(ARGV[0]).readlines puts(paths) new_paths = Array.new paths.each { |path| folders = path.split('/') if ( folders.include?('..') ) num_dotdots = 0 first_dotdot = folders.index('..') last_dotdot = folders.rindex('..') folders.each { |item| if ( item == '..' ) num_dotdots += 1 end } if ( first_dotdot and ( num_dotdots > 0 ) ) # this might be redundant? folders.slice!(first_dotdot - num_dotdots..last_dotdot) # dependent on consecutive dotdots only end end folders.map! { |elem| if ( elem !~ /\n/ ) elem = elem + '/' else elem = elem end } new_paths << folders.to_s } puts(new_paths) end

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  • Survey statistic diagram ideas

    - by Nort
    Hey everyone, I've got some homework tasks in topic surveys and diagrams. The first task is to normalize the input of a survey, because the structure of the data is changing from time-to-time. So there are three types of surveys: static fields, where text is stored dynamic ones, where the user can select one option and multiselect fields, where the user can select multiple options So I'm not really a statistics guy, so I have really no idea what I can do with that incomming data. So the data I have is stored in an orbital XML file from there I can easily get how man times a survey was filled, and how many times a field was filled, so I can (for eg on a pie chart show the relation of filled or not filled). The second idea is to show the relation between the content of a multi option element using a bar chart or so. In case of the multi option elements I've got the idea to show data in implication of one option. But the question is, what could be shown? The other problem are the static elements (text fields and so). What data could be represented from a single field? The data in the XML field is collected from 2001 to 2005 So maybe I can work with the dates of the surveys, but as I said, i don't really know how to process the data, to collect as much data as possible.

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  • Get XML-RPC (Andorid - PHP) web service different params type

    - by Jovan
    Hi, I want to create XML-RPC web service for Andorid (client) - PHP (Server) communication I create XML-RPC PHP web service server using this tutorial: http://articles.sitepoint.com/article/own-web-service-php-xml-rpc/5 For andorid client web service I use this project: http://code.google.com/p/android-xmlrpc/ server and client communication is OK, but I have problem with getting params from andorid client to php server. From andorid client I send two params (first integer and second float number) Object[] params = { 3, 3.6f, }; method.call(params); , but I don't know how to handle this parameters in php server?? in php server there is some function , but with only one param ($news_id): function news_viewNewsItem ( $news_id ) { /* Define the query to fetch the news item */ $query = "SELECT * FROM kd_xmlrpc_news WHERE news_id = '" . $news_id . "'"; $sql = mysql_query ( $query ); if ( $result = mysql_fetch_array ( $sql ) ) { /* Extract the variables for sending in our server response */ $news_item['news_id'] = $result['news_id']; $news_item['date'] = XMLRPC_convert_timestamp_to_iso8601( mysql_datetime_to_timestamp( $result['date'] ) ); $news_item['title'] = $result['title']; $news_item['full_desc'] = $result['full_desc']; $news_item['author'] = $result['author']; /* Respond to the client with the news item */ XMLRPC_response(XMLRPC_prepare($news_item), KD_XMLRPC_USERAGENT); } else { /* If there was an error, respond with a fault code instead */ XMLRPC_error("1", "news_viewNewsItem() error: Unable to read news:" . mysql_error(), KD_XMLRPC_USERAGENT); } } In server.py file there is functions for every method but I dont know how to write in php server: def add(self, x, y): print print "input x=%s, y=%s" % (str(x), str(y)) sum = x + y print "output", sum print return sum Can some one help me with code , and tell me how to handle various types from client to server?? Thanks and Happy New Year

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  • Solr : how do i index and search several fields?

    - by sbrattla
    Hi, I've set up my first 'installation' of Solr, where each index (document) represents a musical work (with properties like number (int), title (string), version (string), composers (string) and keywords (string)). I've set the field 'title' as the default search field. However, what do I do when I would like to do a query on all fields? I'd like to give users the opportunity to search in all fields, and as far as I've understood there is at least two options for this: (1) Specify which fields the query should be made against. (2) Set up the Solr configuration with copyfields, so that values added to each of the fields will be copied to a 'catch-all'-like field which can be used for searching. However, in this case, i am uncertain how things would turn out when i take into consideration that the data types are not all the same for the various fields (the various fields will to a lesser og greater degree go through filters, but as copyfield values are taken from their original fields before the values have been run through their original fields' filters, i would have to apply one single filter to all values on the copyfield. This, again, would result in integers being 'filtered' just as strings would). Is this a case where i should use copyfields? At first glance, it seems a bit more 'flexible' to rather just search on all fields. However, maybe there's a cost? All feedback appreciated! Thanks!

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  • is there a better way to write this frankenstein LINQ query that searches for values in a child tabl

    - by MRV
    I have a table of Users and a one to many UserSkills table. I need to be able to search for users based on skills. This query takes a list of desired skills and searches for users who have those skills. I want to sort the users based on the number of desired skills they posses. So if a users only has 1 of 3 desired skills he will be further down the list than the user who has 3 of 3 desired skills. I start with my comma separated list of skill IDs that are being searched for: List<short> searchedSkillsRaw = skills.Value.Split(',').Select(i => short.Parse(i)).ToList(); I then filter out only the types of users that are searchable: List<User> users = (from u in db.Users where u.Verified == true && u.Level > 0 && u.Type == 1 && (u.UserDetail.City == city.SelectedValue || u.UserDetail.City == null) select u).ToList(); and then comes the crazy part: var fUsers = from u in users select new { u.Id, u.FirstName, u.LastName, u.UserName, UserPhone = u.UserDetail.Phone, UserSkills = (from uskills in u.UserSkills join skillsJoin in configSkills on uskills.SkillId equals skillsJoin.ValueIdInt into tempSkills from skillsJoin in tempSkills.DefaultIfEmpty() where uskills.UserId == u.Id select new { SkillId = uskills.SkillId, SkillName = skillsJoin.Name, SkillNameFound = searchedSkillsRaw.Contains(uskills.SkillId) }), UserSkillsFound = (from uskills in u.UserSkills where uskills.UserId == u.Id && searchedSkillsRaw.Contains(uskills.SkillId) select uskills.UserId).Count() } into userResults where userResults.UserSkillsFound > 0 orderby userResults.UserSkillsFound descending select userResults; and this works! But it seems super bloated and inefficient to me. Especially the secondary part that counts the number of skills found. Thanks for any advice you can give. --r

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  • Why does this Haskell code produce the "infinite type" error?

    - by Charlie Flowers
    I am new to Haskell and facing a "cannot construct infinite type" error that I cannot make sense of. In fact, beyond that, I have not been able to find a good explanation of what this error even means, so if you could go beyond my basic question and explain the "infinite type" error, I'd really appreciate it. Here's the code: intersperse :: a -> [[a]] -> [a] -- intersperse '*' ["foo","bar","baz","quux"] -- should produce the following: -- "foo*bar*baz*quux" -- intersperse -99 [ [1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]] -- should produce the following: -- [1,2,3,-99,4,5,6,-99,7,8,9] intersperse _ [] = [] intersperse _ [x] = x intersperse s (x:y:xs) = x:s:y:intersperse s xs And here's the error trying to load it into the interpreter: Prelude :load ./chapter.3.ending.real.world.haskell.exercises.hs [1 of 1] Compiling Main ( chapter.3.ending.real.world.haskell.exercises.hs, interpreted ) chapter.3.ending.real.world.haskell.exercises.hs:147:0: Occurs check: cannot construct the infinite type: a = [a] When generalising the type(s) for `intersperse' Failed, modules loaded: none. Thanks. EDIT: Thanks to the responses, I have corrected the code and I also have a general guideline for dealing with the "infinite type" error in Haskell: Corrected code intersperse _ [] = [] intersperse _ [x] = x intersperse s (x:xs) = x ++ s:intersperse s xs What the problem was: My type signature states that the second parameter to intersperse is a list of lists. Therefore, when I pattern matched against "s (x:y:xs)", x and y became lists. And yet I was treating x and y as elements, not lists. Guideline for dealing with the "infinite type" error: Most of the time, when you get this error, you have forgotten the types of the various variables you're dealing with, and you have attempted to use a variable as if it were some other type than what it is. Look carefully at what type everything is versus how you're using it, and this will usually uncover the problem.

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  • Browser download file prompt using javascript

    - by aix
    hi, I was wondering if there was any method to implement browser's download file prompt using javascript. My reason - well users will be uploading files to a local fileserver which cannot be accessed from the webserver. In other words, both will be on different domains! e.g. let’s say websites hosted on www.xyz.com, but files would reside on local file server with address like \10.10.10.01\Files\file.txt. How am I uploading/transferring file to local fileserver... using ACTIVEX(yikes) & VBscript!!!! (don’t ask :-) so i am storing local file path in my database and binding that data to a grid. So when the user clicks on that link, the file opens in a window (using javascript). Problem is certain file types like text, jpg, pdf, etc open inside browser window. How would i be able to implement content-type or content-disposition using client side scripting? Is that even possible? hoping my description was clear. Any ideas? EDIT: the local file server has a window's shared folder on which the files are saved.

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  • How to hide helper functions from public API in c

    - by emge
    I'm working on a project and I need to create an API. I am using sockets to communicate between the server (my application) and the clients (the other applications using my API). This project is in c not C++ I come from a linux background and this is my first project using Windows, Visual Studio 2008, and dll libraries. I have communication working between the client and server, but I have some that is duplicated on both projects. I would like to create a library (probably a dll file), that both projects can link to so I don't have to maintain extra code. I also have to create the library that has the API that I need to make available for my clients. Within the API functions that I want public are the calls to these helper functions that are "duplicated code", I don't want to expose these functions to my client, but I do want my server to be able to use those functions. How can I do this? I will try to clarify with an example. This is what I started with. Server Project: int Server_GetPacket(SOCKET sd); int ReceiveAll(SOCKET sd, char *buf, int len); int VerifyLen(char *buf); Client Project: int Client_SendCommand(int command); int Client_GetData(int command, char *buf, int len); int ReceiveAll(SOCKET sd, char *buf, int len); int VerifyLen(char *buf); This is kind of what I would like to end up with: //Server Project: int Server_GetPacket(SOCKET sd); // library with public and private types // private API (not exposed to my client) int ReceiveAll(SOCKET sd, char *buf, int len); int VerifyLen(char *buf); // public API (header file available for client) int Client_SendCommand(int command); int Client_GetData(int command, char *buf, int len); Thanks any help would be appreciated.

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  • How to convert Big Endian and how to flip the highest bit?

    - by Robert Frank
    I am using a TStream to read binary data (thanks to this post: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2878180/how-to-use-a-tfilestream-to-read-2d-matrices-into-dynamic-array). My next problem is that the data is Big Endian. From my reading, the Swap() method is seemingly deprecated. How would I swap the types below? 16-bit two's complement binary integer 32-bit two's complement binary integer 64-bit two's complement binary integer IEEE single precision floating-point - Are IEEE affected by Big Endian? And, finally, since the data is unsigned, the creators of this dataset have stored the unsigned values as signed integers (excluding the IEEE). They instruct that one need only add an offset (2^15, 2^31, and 2^63) to recover the unsigned data. But, they note that flipping the most significant bit is the fastest way to do that. How does one efficiently flip the most significant bit of a 16, 32, or 64-bit integer? So, if the data on disk (16-bit) is "85 FB" - the desired result after reading the data and swapping and bit flipping would be 1531. Is there a way to accomplish the swapping and bit flipping with generics so it fits into the generic answer at the link above? Yes, kids, THIS is how scientific astronomical data is stored by NASA, ESO, and all professional astronomers. This FITS standard is considered by some to be one of the most successful standards ever created in its proliferation and flexibility!

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  • Automatically restarting Erlang applications

    - by Nick
    I recently ran into a bug where an entire Erlang application died, yielding a log message that looked like this: =INFO REPORT==== 11-Jun-2010::11:07:25 === application: myapp exited: shutdown type: temporary I have no idea what triggered this shutdown, but the real problem I have is that it didn't restart itself. Instead, the now-empty Erlang VM just sat there doing nothing. Now, from the research I've done, it looks like there are other "start types" you can give an application: 'transient' and 'permanent'. If I start a Supervisor within an application, I can tell it to make a particular process transient or permanent, and it will automatically restart it for me. However, according to the documentation, if I make an application transient or permanent, it doesn't restart it when it dies, but rather it kills all the other applications as well. What I really want to do is somehow tell the Erlang VM that a particular application should always be running, and if it goes down, restart it. Is this possible to do? (I'm not talking about implementing a supervisor on top of my application, because then it's a catch 22: what if my supervisor process crashes? I'm looking for some sort of API or setting that I can use to have Erlang monitor and restart my application for me.) Thanks!

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  • Selectind DOM elements based on attribute content

    - by sameold
    I have several types of <a> in my document. I'd like to select only the <a> whose title attribute begins with the text "more data ..." like <a title="more data *"> For example given the markup below, I'd like to select the first and second <a>, but skip the third because title doesn't begin with more data, and skip the 4th because <a> doesn't even have a title attribute. <a title="more data some text" href="http://mypage.com/page.html">More</a> <a title="more data other text" href="http://mypage.com/page.html">More</a> <a title="not needed" href="http://mypage.com/page.html">Not needed</a> <a href="http://mypage.com/page.html">Not needed</a> I'm using DOMXPath. How would my query look like? $xpath = new DOMXPath($doc); $q = $xpath->query('//a');

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  • Starting an STA thread, but with parameters to the final function

    - by DRapp
    I'm a bit weak on how some delegates behave, such as passing a method as the parameter to be invoked. While trying to do some NUnit test scripts, I have something that I need to run many test with. Each of these tests requires a GUI created and thus the need for an STA thread. So, I have something like public class MyTest { // the Delegate "ThreadStart" is part of the System.Threading namespace and is defined as // public delegate void ThreadStart(); protected void Start_STA_Thread(ThreadStart whichMethod) { Thread thread = new Thread(whichMethod); thread.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA); //Set the thread to STA thread.Start(); thread.Join(); } [Test] public void Test101() { // Since the thread issues an INVOKE of a method, I'm having it call the // corresponding "FromSTAThread" method, such as Start_STA_Thread( Test101FromSTAThread ); } protected void Test101FromSTAThread() { MySTA_RequiredClass oTmp = new MySTA_RequiredClass(); Assert.IsTrue( oTmp.DoSomething() ); } } This part all works fine... Now the next step. I now have a different set of tests that ALSO require an STA thread. However, each "thing" I need to do requires two parameters... both strings (for this case). How do I go about declaring proper delegate so I can pass in the method I need to invoke, AND the two string parameters in one shot... I may have 20+ tests to run with in this pattern and may have future of other similar tests with different parameter counts and types of parameters too. Thanks.

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  • Open closed prinicple, problem

    - by Marcus
    Hi, I'm trying to apply OCP to a code snippet I have that in it's current state is really smelly, but I feel I'm not getting all the way to the end. Current code: public abstract class SomeObject {} public class SpecificObject1 : SomeObject {} public class SpecificObject2 : SomeObject {} // Smelly code public class Model { public void Store(SomeObject someObject) { if (someObject is SpecificObject1) {} else if (someObject is SpecificObject2) {} } } That is really ugly, my new approach looks like this: // No so smelly code public class Model { public void Store(SomeObject someObject) { throw new Expception("Not allowed!"); } public void Store(SpecificObject1 someObject) {} public void Store(SpecificObject2 someObject) {} } When a new SomeObject type comes along I must implement how that specific object is stored, this will break OCP cause I need to alter the Model-class. To move the store logic to SomeObject also feels wrong cause then I will violate SRP (?), becuase in this case the SomeObject is almost like a DTO, it's resposibility it not how to know to store itself. If a new implementation to SomeObject comes along who's store implementation is missing I will get a runtime error due to exception in Store method in Model class, it also feels like a code smell. This is because calling code will in the form of IEnumerable<SomeObject> sequence; I will not know the specific types of the sequence objects. I can't seem to grasp the OCP-concept. Anyone has any concrete examples or links that is a bit more than just some Car/Fruit example?

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  • Appropriate uses of Monad `fail` vs. MonadPlus `mzero`

    - by jberryman
    This is a question that has come up several times for me in the design code, especially libraries. There seems to be some interest in it so I thought it might make a good community wiki. The fail method in Monad is considered by some to be a wart; a somewhat arbitrary addition to the class that does not come from the original category theory. But of course in the current state of things, many Monad types have logical and useful fail instances. The MonadPlus class is a sub-class of Monad that provides an mzero method which logically encapsulates the idea of failure in a monad. So a library designer who wants to write some monadic code that does some sort of failure handling can choose to make his code use the fail method in Monad or restrict his code to the MonadPlus class, just so that he can feel good about using mzero, even though he doesn't care about the monoidal combining mplus operation at all. Some discussions on this subject are in this wiki page about proposals to reform the MonadPlus class. So I guess I have one specific question: What monad instances, if any, have a natural fail method, but cannot be instances of MonadPlus because they have no logical implementation for mplus? But I'm mostly interested in a discussion about this subject. Thanks! EDIT: One final thought occured to me. I recently learned (even though it's right there in the docs for fail) that monadic "do" notation is desugared in such a way that pattern match failures, as in (x:xs) <- return [] call the monad's fail. It seems like the language designers must have been strongly influenced by the prospect of some automatic failure handling built in to haskell's syntax in their inclusion of fail in Monad.

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  • MySQL - What is wrong with this query or my database? Terrible performance.

    - by Moss
    SELECT * from `employees` a LEFT JOIN (SELECT phone1 p1, count(*) c, FROM `employees` GROUP BY phone1) b ON a.phone1 = b.p1; I'm not sure if it is this query in particular that has the problem. I have been getting terrible performance in general with this database. The table in question has 120,000 rows. I have tried this particular query remotely and locally with the MyISAM and InnoDB engines, with different types of joins, and with and without an index on phone1. I can get this to complete in about 4 minutes on a 10,000 row table successfully but performance drops exponentially with larger tables. Remotely it will lose connection to the server and locally it brings my system to its knees and seems to go on forever. This query is only a smaller step I was trying to do when a larger query couldn't complete. Maybe I should explain the whole scenario. I have one big flat ugly table that lists a bunch of people and their contact info and the info of the companies they work for. I'm trying to normalize the database and intelligently determine which phone numbers apply to individual people and which apply to an office location. My reasoning is that if a phone number occurs multiple times and the number of occurrence equals the number of times that the street address it is attached to occurs then it must be an office number. So the first step is to count each phone number grouping by phone number. Normally if you just use COUNT()...GROUP BY it will only list the first record it finds in that group so I figured I have to join the full table to the count table where the phone number matches. This does work but as I said I can't successfully complete it on any table much larger than 10,000 rows. This seems pathetic and this doesn't seem like a crazy query to do. Is there a better way to achieve what I want or do I have to break my large table into 12 pieces or is there something wrong with the table or db?

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  • Input questions mysql php html

    - by Marcelo
    (Q1)Hi I'm using textbox in my project and I can't receive the values that are typed <textarea rows="5" cols="60"> Type your suggestion </textarea> <br> <input type="submit" name="sugestao" value="Submit" /> Sorry I don't know how to 'kill' html code, that's why < is missing. All I'm getting in the column of the database from this text box is "Submit", I'd like to receive whatever is written in the text area. How can I make the value equal whaterever is typed? (Q2) How can I make sure that I'll only store the same type(int,varchar,text) that I setted,declared in the database. For example: age(int), but if someone types "abc" in the input it will be stored in my database as the value 0 . How can I forbid this, and only save the age when it's just int and all the other fields(like name, email) are filled ?. And if is still possible warn the user that he is typing something wrong, don't need to say where. Sorry for any mistake in English and Thanks for the attention.

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  • JPA entitylisteners and @embeddable

    - by seanizer
    I have a class hierarchy of JPA entities that all inherit from a BaseEntity class: @MappedSuperclass @EntityListeners( { ValidatorListener.class }) public abstract class BaseEntity implements Serializable { // other stuff } I want all entities that implement a given interface to be validated automatically on persist and/or update. Here's what I've got. My ValidatorListener: public class ValidatorListener { private enum Type { PERSIST, UPDATE } @PrePersist public void checkPersist(final Object entity) { if (entity instanceof Validateable) { this.check((Validateable) entity, Type.PERSIST); } } @PreUpdate public void checkUpdate(final Object entity) { if (entity instanceof Validateable) { this.check((Validateable) entity, Type.UPDATE); } } private void check(final Validateable entity, final Type persist) { switch (persist) { case PERSIST: if (entity instanceof Persist) { ((Persist) entity).persist(); } if (entity instanceof PersistOrUpdate) { ((PersistOrUpdate) entity).persistOrUpdate(); } break; case UPDATE: if (entity instanceof Update) { ((Update) entity).update(); } if (entity instanceof PersistOrUpdate) { ((PersistOrUpdate) entity).persistOrUpdate(); } break; default: break; } } } and here's my Validateable interface that it checks against (the outer interface is just a marker, the inner contain the methods): public interface Validateable { interface Persist extends Validateable { void persist(); } interface PersistOrUpdate extends Validateable { void persistOrUpdate(); } interface Update extends Validateable { void update(); } } All of this works, however I would like to extend this behavior to Embeddable classes. I know two solutions: call the validation method of the embeddable object manually from the entity validation method: public void persistOrUpdate(){ // validate my own properties first // then manually validate the embeddable property: myEmbeddable.persistOrUpdate(); // this works but I'd like something that I don't have to call manually } use reflection, checking all properties to see if their type is of one of their interface types. This would work, but it's not pretty. Is there a more elegant solution?

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  • How can I build a generic dataset-handling Perl library?

    - by Pep.
    Hello, I want to build a generic Perl module for handling and analysing biomedical character separated datasets and which can, most certain, be used on any kind of datasets that contain a mixture of categorical (A,B,C,..) and continuous (1.2,3,881..) and identifier (XXX1,XXX2...). The plan is to have people initialize the module and then use some arguments to point to the data file(s), the place were the analysis reports should be placed and the structure of the data. By structure of data I mean which variable is in which place and its name/type. And this is where I need some enlightenment. I am baffled how to do this in a clean way. Obviously, having people create a simple schema file, be it XML or some other format would be the cleanest but maybe not all people enjoy doing something like this. The solutions I can think of are: Create a configuration file in XML or similar and with a prespecified format. Pass the information during initialization of the module. Use the first row of the data as headers and try to guess types (ouch) Surely there must be a "canonical" way of doing this that is also usable and efficient. Thanks p.

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  • C++ Templates: Convincing self against code bloat

    - by ArunSaha
    I have heard about code bloats in context of C++ templates. I know that is not the case with modern C++ compilers. But, I want to construct an example and convince myself. Lets say we have a class template< typename T, size_t N > class Array { public: T * data(); private: T elems_[ N }; }; template< typename T, size_t N > T * Array<T>::data() { return elems_; } Further, let's say types.h contains typedef Array< int, 100 > MyArray; x.cpp contains MyArray ArrayX; and y.cpp contains MyArray ArrayY; Now, how can I verify that the code space for MyArray::data() is same for both ArrayX and ArrayY? What else I should know and verify from this (or other similar simple) examples? If there is any g++ specific tips, I am interested for that too. PS: Regarding bloat, I am concerned even for the slightest of bloats, since I come from embedded context.

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