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• Access keystore on Sun ONE Webserver 6.1 for 2048 bit key length SSL

  - by George Bailey

  We want to get 2048 bit key length CSR requests. The browser based GUI provides us with a 1024 bit CSR and I don't know how to change that. It seems that 1024 bit key lengths will no longer supported by SSL companies. (Lower cost options only support 2048 bit. Thawte who is much more expensive say they accept 1024 for only one or two year certificates, but not 3). The legacy systems in question are running Sun ONE Webserver 6.1. Upgrading would be time consuming and we would rather not have to do that right now. We will be phasing these out but it will take awhile, so... Got it!! http://middlewarekb.wordpress.com/2010/06/30/how-to-generate-2048-bit-keypair-using-sun-one-or-iplanet-6-1-servers/ It is for the same version webserver I am using. /opt/SUNWwbsvr/bin/https/admin/bin/certutil -R -s "CN=sub.domain.ext,OU=org unit,O=company name,L=city,ST=spelled state,C=US,E=email" -a -k rsa -g 2048 -v 12 -d /opt/SUNWwbsvr/alias -P https-sub.domain.ext-hostname- -Z SHA1 Previous efforts edited out.

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• Bad font anti-aliasing in Ubuntu

  - by Juliano

  I'm switching from Fedora 8 to Ubuntu 9.04, and I can't seem to get it to get a good font anti-aliasing to work. It seems that Ubuntu's fontconfig tries to keep characters in integral pixel widths. This makes text more difficult to read, when 1 pixel is too thin and 2 pixels is too thick. Check the image below. In Fedora, when fontconfig anti-aliasing is enabled, fonts have their thickness proportional to the font size. Below, the thickness is different for 8, 9 and 10pt sizes. In Ubuntu, on the other hand, even when anti-aliasing is enabled, all 8, 9 and 10pt sizes have 1 pixel thickness. This makes reading larges amount of text difficult. I'm using the very same home directory, and I already checked that X resources are the same in both systems: ~% xrdb -query | grep Xft Xft.antialias: 1 Xft.dpi: 96 Xft.hinting: 1 Xft.hintstyle: hintfull Xft.rgba: none GNOME settings: ~% gconftool-2 -a /desktop/gnome/font_rendering antialiasing = grayscale hinting = full dpi = 96 rgba_order = rgb So, the question is: What should I change in the new box (Ubuntu) in order to get anti-aliasing like in the old box (Fedora)?

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• Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio causing system freeze

  - by CRoshanLG

  I'm experiencing very slow response from MSSMS and it causes other applications to slow down. Specially Skype crashes after few seconds from opening MSSMS, showing an error called "Disk I/O Error". I'm regularly using few applications (Sublime text, MS Word, Firefox, Outlook, Skype and one or two other apps) simultaneously. The system works fine when MSSMS is not in use! But as soon as MSSMS is opened, all the apps start to freeze (MSSMS also responds very slow). This problem has been there for about a week now (I haven't installed any apps or haven't made any changes to the system during that time). -- System Specifications -- Processor: Core i3 (3.1 GHz) RAM: 4 GB OS: Windows 7 Professional (64 bit) Free space in C drive: ~ 100 GB MS SQL Server 2008 R2 Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio version - 10.50.1600.1 I've tried to find a reason for this but there are no helpful information in the web! There are some solutions suggested (in forums and in Skype Support pages) for the Skypes' "Disk I/O Error", all of which I tried but does not solve the problem. Has anyone faced the same senario? (and hopefully) knows a solution? Systems Log I don't have much knowledge in interpreting the System Log, but I think the Critical and Warnings are not helpful. But there are lots of Error logs which might be useful. In source Kernal-General there are few similar errors saying "An I/O operation initiated by the Registry failed unrecoverably.The Registry could not flush hive (file): <some file>" In source atapi also there are few similar errors -- "The driver detected a controller error on \Device\Ide\IdePort0." (all errors has occurred in 'IdePort0') In Application Error, there are several errors logged, and following is the latest one. Both the Errors which has occurred today is similar (to this one). As it is from Ssms.exe, I guess this is relevant to the cause of problem. But as I said above I can't understand what it means!

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• Event Log "Wake Source" when system wakes from sleep

  - by Doltknuckle

  So I've been troubleshooting sleep timers for our systems and have run across an interesting issue. I need a way to report how long a system was awake after a number of different inputs. Now, I've discovered that the System Log tracks wake and sleep events and even tells you the times that everything happens at. The thing is doesn't tell you is what triggered the wake event. It does give you a numerical code however. Here are some examples of what I am finding. Index : 2901 EntryType : Information InstanceId : 1 Message : The system has resumed from sleep. Sleep Time: 2010-10-01T23:20:06.097488100Z Wake Time: 2010-10-03T17:41:12.796400500Z Wake Source: 0 Category : (0) CategoryNumber : 0 Source : Microsoft-Windows-Power-Troubleshooter -- Index : 2841 EntryType : Information InstanceId : 1 Message : The system has resumed from sleep. Sleep Time: 2010-10-01T19:19:37.239789600Z Wake Time: 2010-10-01T21:28:48.921200800Z Wake Source: 4HID Keyboard Device Category : (0) CategoryNumber : 0 Source : Microsoft-Windows-Power-Troubleshooter So here's my question: Does anyone know what the different numerical codes for the "Wake Source" mean? I think "0" is a magic packet and "4" is a USB device. Does anyone have any idea if there is any documentation out there on this for Windows 7? Thanks in advance

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• Is there a way in Windows 7 to disable "journaling"?

  - by Psycogeek

  C:\$extend\$Usn.Jrnl:$J:$data Here is a picture finally. The large strip in the center of the top band is the largest chunk, in the other, grey areas are the various clusters with it. On the right, the big long grey line is $logfile (not paging), and it is 63&nbsb;MB. Paging, 500&nbsb;MB is the dark cyan chunk, next to the yellow MFTres in the inner rings.. The disk was defragged so they could be seen easier. Not all clusters of this type of file are tagged, but the idea is there. The disk is 4k clusters, now about 12 GB size. Each cute little block in the picture is .81 MB and represents 207 clusters. The dkGreen section, is mostly the whole Winsxs pile, also interesting when they keep telling us it doesn't take much disk space. Wikipedia suggests that in previous NT systems "USN journaling" would be turned on when enabled (assumes it could also be turned off?). What aspects, services, or program is working on putting that stuff all over the disk which is known by $jrnl$ type clusters, even if it is not actual USN journaling? Is it possible in a Windows 7 system to completly disable the journaling, and what would be the ramifications of that? On a Windows XP NTFS system, I do not recall seeing the quantity of disk clusters used with these $jrnl$ names, so I do not recall this being necessary in this quantity for an NTFS file system itself? I understand that it would not be there, if it did not have a useful function :-) Information about how wonderful is fine, if that information will help track down what parts of the system create and use it. Change Journals states: Change journals are also needed to recover file system indexing Hmm, that might explain some of them, or why it was left on the disk. A crash while background indexing?

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• Linux - real-world hardware RAID controller tuning (scsi and cciss)

  - by ewwhite

  Most of the Linux systems I manage feature hardware RAID controllers (mostly HP Smart Array). They're all running RHEL or CentOS. I'm looking for real-world tunables to help optimize performance for setups that incorporate hardware RAID controllers with SAS disks (Smart Array, Perc, LSI, etc.) and battery-backed or flash-backed cache. Assume RAID 1+0 and multiple spindles (4+ disks). I spend a considerable amount of time tuning Linux network settings for low-latency and financial trading applications. But many of those options are well-documented (changing send/receive buffers, modifying TCP window settings, etc.). What are engineers doing on the storage side? Historically, I've made changes to the I/O scheduling elevator, recently opting for the deadline and noop schedulers to improve performance within my applications. As RHEL versions have progressed, I've also noticed that the compiled-in defaults for SCSI and CCISS block devices have changed as well. This has had an impact on the recommended storage subsystem settings over time. However, it's been awhile since I've seen any clear recommendations. And I know that the OS defaults aren't optimal. For example, it seems that the default read-ahead buffer of 128kb is extremely small for a deployment on server-class hardware. The following articles explore the performance impact of changing read-ahead cache and nr_requests values on the block queues. http://zackreed.me/articles/54-hp-smart-array-p410-controller-tuning http://www.overclock.net/t/515068/tuning-a-hp-smart-array-p400-with-linux-why-tuning-really-matters http://yoshinorimatsunobu.blogspot.com/2009/04/linux-io-scheduler-queue-size-and.html For example, these are suggested changes for an HP Smart Array RAID controller: echo "noop" > /sys/block/cciss\!c0d0/queue/scheduler blockdev --setra 65536 /dev/cciss/c0d0 echo 512 > /sys/block/cciss\!c0d0/queue/nr_requests echo 2048 > /sys/block/cciss\!c0d0/queue/read_ahead_kb What else can be reliably tuned to improve storage performance? I'm specifically looking for sysctl and sysfs options in production scenarios.

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• Using OSX home directories from linux

  - by Steffen

  I'm running an OSX (Snow Leopard) Server with OpenDirectory, which is nothing else than a modified OpenLDAP with some Apple-specific schemas. However, I want to reuse this directory on some of my Linux (Debian Squeeze) boxes. It's no problem to authenticate against OSXs LDAP Server, this works fine already. What I struggle with is the way the home folders are specified in OSX. If I query the passwd config on one of my linux machines, the OSX imported entries are looking like this myaccount:x:1034:1026:Firstname Lastname:/Network/Servers/hostname.example.com/Volumes/MyShare/Users/myaccount:/bin/bash While those network home folders might be fine for OSX-Clients, I don't want those server based paths on my linux machines. I saw that there is an NFSHomeDirectory Attribute in the OSX User inspector, but if I change this the whole user home path gets changed. Since my users should be able to login on both systems, OSX and Linux, this is not what I want. Does anyone have an idea how I must configure OSX to make my linux machines use home folders like /net/myaccount and leave the configuration for OSX clients untouched?

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• What is the best way/Software to manage multiple short lived instances of virtual machines ?

  - by Newtopian

  Hi, We have a QA department that have to test our software on multiple combination of OS and DMBS. With Windows spewing out many different versions the combinatorial math of all this can be daunting. So we decided on visualizing our setups but so far it only displaces the problem. The cost of hardware is expensive and we need many different combination far exceeding your server capacity to deliver. Also, these instances are throw away, once the test is complete we no longer need it, furthermore to ensure proper test isolation we should start fresh from a new instance. Lastly we only need a small subset of these system online at any given time. What I am looking for is a way to manage inventory so that our QA staff can order instances to be put online as required and discarded once used. Instances are spawned from a pool of freshly installed systems with the appropriate combination ready to accept our software. It also should be possible for two or more people to start the same instance at the same time, though we could manage without this if it proves too complex to put in place. Finally our budget is pretty thin, we can probably make some purchases but ideally expenditures should be kept to a minimum. To summarize we should be able to : Bring instances online on demand. Ideally should offer queue and scheduling management Destroy instances on demand Keep masters in inventory but not online. Manage large inventory of VMs (30-100 maybe more) with small staff of users (5-10). Allow adding, deleting and changing instances from inventory (bring online, make changes and check back in, or create new and check in). Allow few long lived instances for support tools (normal VM server usage) Thanks for your answers

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• Wastage of resources in Virtualization

  - by Sabeen Malik

  I have asked this question on SO, but was suggested that i ask it here on SF, so here it goes. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3010753/wastage-of-resources-in-virtualization I am not sure if this is the right place to ask the question. However i hope it is. When looking for a VPS earlier today, I was trying to understand how each container would work in the background. Keeping in mind the fact that the operating system uses most of the memory and power on a system, wouldn't having multiple operating systems in the same machine mean more wastage of resources. For instance if i was running centOS on a dedicated box and it was running lets say 20 background OS level processes. Then i go and install a virtualization platform and install 5 more centOS virtual machines in the same system which are exactly the same as the host operating system. Doesn't this mean duplication of those 20 processes 6 times? So internally the context switching is happening between 120 processes instead of 20? Further Notes: Here is an example of what i am thinking: I have a master-slave configuration for a long running, cpu + memory intensive process, which can be distributed to 4 machines. Lets say when the process runs on these 4 machines with lets say 1 Gh CPU and 1 Gig RAM, i get 400 results per hour from the cluster (assuming 100 results from one machine) . Now i get a bigger machine ( lets say 4Gh and 4 Gig RAM), have 4 virtual hosts on it with 1 Gz CPU and 1 Gig RAM. Will this configuration give me the same 4 results per hour from these 4 virtual hosts?

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• How to cache authentication in Linux using PAM/Kerberos authentication (for CVS)?

  - by Calonthar

  We have several Linux servers that authenticate Linux user passwords on our Windows Active Directory Server using PAM and Kerberos 5. The Linux distro we use is CentOS 6. On one system, we have several Version Control Systems like CVS and Subversion, both of which authenticate users throug PAM, such that users can use their normal Unix resp. Windows AD accounts. Since we started using Kerberos for password authentication, we experienced that CVS on a client machine is often much slower in establishing a connection. CVS authenticates the user on every request (eg. cvs diff, log, update...). Is is possible to cache the credentials that kerberos uses, sucht that is does not need to ask the Windows AD server every time a user executes a cvs action? Our PAM config /etc/pam.d/system-auth looks like the following: auth required pam_env.so auth sufficient pam_unix.so nullok try_first_pass auth requisite pam_succeed_if.so uid >= 500 quiet auth sufficient pam_krb5.so use_first_pass auth required pam_deny.so account required pam_unix.so broken_shadow account sufficient pam_succeed_if.so uid < 500 quiet account [default=bad success=ok user_unknown=ignore] pam_krb5.so account required pam_permit.so password requisite pam_cracklib.so try_first_pass retry=3 password sufficient pam_unix.so md5 shadow nullok try_first_pass use_authtok password sufficient pam_krb5.so use_authtok password required pam_deny.so session optional pam_keyinit.so revoke session required pam_limits.so session [success=1 default=ignore] pam_succeed_if.so service in crond quiet use_uid session required pam_unix.so session optional pam_krb5.so

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• How to connect a USB GDI printer to Linux over a D-Link print server?

  - by jpe

  The setup is the following: +------------+ +-----------------+ +---------+ | HP LJ P1005|--USB--| D-Link DPR-1020 |---LAN---| PC Linux| +------------+ +-----------------+ + +---------+ | +------------+ +--| PC Windows | +------------+ HP LJ P1005 is one of those GDI printers that requires the printer driver to do most of the work for it and therefore is a bit "special". D-Link DPR-1020 is a print server with an Ethernet and an USB port that actually supports printing to challenged (read GDI) printers using a utility called PS-Link. What the utility does is basically mirror a USB port over the network to the print server so that the printer driver and the printer both are happy to talk to each other. The PC-s are notebooks that come and go, i.e. are not there all the time. Is there an equivalent of the D-Link PS-Link utility for Linux that could mirror a USB port over the network for a Linux host? And can the solution be used with D-Link DPR-1020? If not then I basically wasted the money buying the print server because the goal was to share a small printer among a couple of users with diverse operating systems in an office. The print server specs say that it supports Linux and LJ P1005, but the Catch 22 appears to be the solution used for GDI printers... It should be noted that it is possible to print from Linux to LJ P1005 directly over USB. This far sharing involved reconnecting the USB cable to appropriate computer to print. Now one of the desks is separated, so the cable does not work. Searching the net did not yield anything useful. Please do not suggest solutions involving a Windows machine (either virtual or not), my question is whether a solution only involving a Linux machine exists.

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• BIND master/slave does not respond for queries for its slave

  - by Savas

  Systems are all Centos 6.2 Lets say I have a masterdns with IP 10.2.1.2, authoritative for the 10.2.1.X subnet and let say it is domain example.com I have another two subnets, 10.2.2.X and 10.1.2.X Each one has its own DNS server, dns2 and dns1 respectively and let say these are domains dom2.example.com and dom2.example.com respectively. The masterdns server has slave zones for dns1, dns2 and respond to requests OK. The dns1, dns2 have the masterdns zones as slaves two, and respond to requests OK. So, the masterdns has as slave zones all the subordinate domains of example.com Each of dns1 and dns2 use masterdns as a forwards (which uses another dns cache/proxy server) for dns resolution of internet public domain names. It works OK that too. The problem is, and I cannot figure it out. Why queries for example at dns1 for hostnames of dom2.example.com do not resolve? If i use nslookup - masterdns at dns1 server, resolve (i use directly the dns facility of masterdns). If I use nslookup locally, meaning queries are sent to dns1, for hosts that are at dom2.example.com, they do not resolve. Everything other works OK.

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• "Network Error - 53" while trying to mount NFS share in Windows Server 2008 client

  - by Mike B

  CentOS | Windows 2008 I've got a CentOS 5.5 server running nfsd. On the Windows side, I'm running Windows Server 2008 R2 Enterprise. I have the "Files Services" server role enabled and both Client for NFS and Server for NFS are on. I'm able to successfully connect/mount to the CentOS NFS share from other linux systems but am experiencing errors connecting to it from Windows. When I try to connect, I get the following: C:\Users\fooadmin>mount -o anon 10.10.10.10:/share/ z: Network Error - 53 Type 'NET HELPMSG 53' for more information. (IP and share name have been changed to protect the innocent :-) ) Additional information: I've verified low-level network connectivity between the Windows client and the NFS server with telnet (to the NFS on TCP/2049) so I know the port is open. I've further confirmed that inbound and outbound firewall ports are present and enabled. I came across a Microsoft tech note that suggested changing the "Provider Order" so "NFS Network" is above other items like Microsoft Windows Network. I changed this and restarted the NFS client - no luck. I've confirmed that the share folder on the NFS server is readable/writable by all (777) I've tried other variations of the mount command like: mount 10.10.10.10:/share/ z: and mount 10.10.10.10:/share z: and mount -o anon mtype=hard \\10.10.10.10:/share * No luck. As per the command output, I tried typing NET HELPMSG 53 but that doesn't tell me much. Just "The network path was not found". I'm lost on how to proceed with troubleshooting. Any ideas?

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• Using my old PC as a web/file server?

  - by Garrett

  I have an old desktop computer that I've been trying to sell for AGES. I guess nobody is looking for computers because it was advertised at a dirt cheap price on craigslist, local papers, etc. Anyways, I was wondering if it would be worth it to set it up as a home file server, a web dev server (I have a web host for actual production use), and maybe host a few server applications (ex: ventrillo). The computer is actually an old Dell that I cannibalized after the motherboard being destroyed by lightning, so it has fairly new parts in it. The specs are: P4 3.4GHz w/ HT and Artic Cooling Freezer 7 3GB DDR2 533 RAM 80GB hdd (will upgrade the hard drive if it's even worth using as a server) basic dvd rom 430 Watt Thermaltake PSU (it might be important to note that it is only 60% efficiency) ATI Radeon x600 256MB Antec 300 case It's not a really beefy machine, I just can't see giving it away or putting it in the corner to just collect dust. I have Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard and I am confident in my skills in operating most Linux operating systems. I'd also be using it to tinker with when I learn new things in my server admin classes (I'm finishing my 2nd year in college at the moment so I'm still learning) Also, my house is quite old and the electrical wiring is pretty poor (it MIGHT be up to code, then again, where I live most people don't even know what regulations are or let alone know how to spell it...) Would it be safe to leave it running all day and is it going to run up my electric bill because of the PSU efficiency? I only have 5mbit cable internet, but I won't be running very bandwidth intense services on it so it should be ok. I should elaborate on why I am concerned about the power. The circuits should be fine, but I'm more concerned about fire hazard. What is the likelihood that the server could cause an electrical fire? Again, thank you all for the feedback!

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• DKIM- Filter No Signature Data

  - by Vineet Sharma

  I have installed DKIM-Filter on Postfix after reading this tutorial http://www.unibia.com/unibianet/systems-networking/how-setup-domainkeys-identified-mail-dkim-postfix-and-ubuntu-server My email now has a DKIM signature but still it is landing in the SPAM folder. Here is the header Received-SPF: neutral (google.com: 69.164.193.167 is neither permitted nor denied by best guess record for domain of [email protected]) client-ip=69.164.193.167; Authentication-Results: mx.google.com; spf=neutral (google.com: 69.164.193.167 is neither permitted nor denied by best guess record for domain of [email protected]) [email protected]; dkim=hardfail (test mode) [email protected] Received: from promote.a2labs.in (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by promote.a2labs.in (Postfix) with ESMTPA id 34858530E8 for <[email protected]>; Mon, 28 Feb 2011 12:23:07 +0530 (IST) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=simple/simple; d=a2labs.in; s=mail; t=1298875987; bh=bo+H1VYPIHMja2u7i1lnzr4k/j4Pe8iSf79bVw94XpI=; h=To:Subject:Message-ID:Date:From:Reply-To:MIME-Version: Content-Type:Content-Transfer-Encoding; b=nhTdlnUwo0iUJ92ycQzKSRjw 5Pfya0DJcJrAc8Mr2hIv8OLpgzBCzdOMWTGqR5nuUmAzgCGYBhYAM2XZwVxo9JG/iz7 oYKysmNQnskFx0TRyW3UOkDWcfHcPnCL6Y7fGzZWinmsyjsg47k+mKZg/e8jqlwTAMO PYKkt5pBz7SM0= Also my mail.err file shows Feb 28 12:17:03 ivineet dkim-filter[32181]: 1F788530E1: no signature data Feb 28 12:18:02 ivineet dkim-filter[32181]: 432BA530E2: no signature data How to fix it

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• Registry remotley hacked win 7 need help tracking the perp

  - by user577229

  I was writing some .VBS code at thhe office that would allow certain file extensions to be downloaded without a warning dialog on a w7x32 system. The system I was writing this on is in a lab on a segmented subnet. All web access is via a proxy server. The only means of accessing my machine is via the internet or from within the labs MSFT AD domain. While writing and testing my code I found a message of sorts. Upon refresing the registry to verify my code changed a dword, instead the message HELLO was written and visible in regedit where the dword value wass called for. I took a screen shot and proceeded to edit my code. This same weird behavior occurred last time I was writing registry code except on another internal server. I understand that remote registry access exists for windows systems. I will block this immediately once I return to the office. What I want to know is, can I trace who made this connection? How would I do this? I suspect the cause of this is the cause of other "odd" behaviors I'm experiencing at work such as losing control of my input director master control for over an hour and unchanged code that all of a sudden fails for no logical region. These failures occur at funny times, whenver I'm about to give a demonstration of my test code. I know this sounds crazy however knowledge of the registry component makes this believable. Once the registry can be accessed, the entire system is compromised. Any help or sanity checking is appreciated.

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• gcc built by crosstool-ng gives undefined reference

  - by netvope

  I've successfully built a toolchain using crosstool-ng with the default configuration named x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu. The documentation says: Using the toolchain is as simple as adding the toolchain's bin directory in your PATH, such as: export PATH="${PATH}:/your/toolchain/path/bin" and then using the target tuple to tell the build systems to use your toolchain: ./configure --target=your-target-tuple or make CC=your-target-tuple-gcc or make CROSS_COMPILE=your-target-tuple- and so on... I followed the instructions and attempted to build GNU tar (tar-1.25.tar.bz2) with the toolchain. The commands ./configure --target=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu and make CROSS_COMPILE=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu- do not work (the build will succeed, but it uses the host system's gcc). The command make CC=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc works, but in the very last step when it tries to link, it returns errors like this: compare.o: In function `openat': /dev/shm/x-tools/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/sys-root/usr/include/bits/fcntl2.h:134: undefined reference to `__openat_2' What could be the problem? Was the toolchain not properly setup? Perhaps x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc is using the header files from the host system but could not find the libraries in the target's sys-root?

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• Drobo-like linux file server - how do I do it?

  - by John Hunt

  I've been pondering for a long time about how I can set up a server which operates much like the Drobo storage thing. The reasons I don't actually want a drobo is because I've heard scare stories, plus I'd like to do this on the cheap. So ideally I'm looking for something like lvm so I can create a logical volume that spans many hard disks of varying sizes... obviously that only offers redundancy if I put the LV on a raid array (as far as I know..) I have however been reading about technologies such as Microsoft's drive extender which duplicates files at the filesystem level and makes sure that the mirrored files are on a different phyiscal disk.. does anyone know or recommend a filesystem or method like this as it'll hopefully make much better use of the space available than raid ever could. Performance isn't an issue, I'd just really like to make the most of the hard disks I have lying around whilst having a bit of redundancy incase a disk dies. I understand full well that this is no replacement for a backup, but I'll only be storing files of medium importance and using the nas itself as a backup of my main pc and other systems. Thanks in advance! I'm hoping zfs or btrfs or something can do something clever for me :)

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• Kickstart: Serve dynamic kickstart images via a CGI or PHP script?

  - by Stefan Lasiewski

  I'd like to kickstart a couple dozen RHEL6/SL6 servers. However, some of these servers are different and I don't want to create a new ks.cfg file for each class of server. Are there any products which can generate a Kickstart file dynamically on the fly, from a template? For example, if I append a line like this to the KERNEL: APPEND ks=http://192.168.1.100/cgi-bin/ks.cgi Then the script ks.cgi can determine what host this is (Via the MAC address), and print out Kickstart options which are appropriate for that host. I could optionally override some options by passing parameters to the script, like this: APPEND ks=http://192.168.1.100/cgi-bin/ks.cgi?NODETYPE=production&IP=192.168.2.80 After we kickstart the server, we activate Cfengine/Puppet on this system and manage the system using our favorite Configuration Management product. We're experimenting with xCAT but it is proving too cumbersome. I've looked into Cobbler, but I'm not sure it does this. Update: A roll-your-own solution is discussed in the O'Reilly book: Managing RPM-Based Systems with Kickstart and Yum, Chapter 3. Customizing Your Kickstart Install Dynamic ks.cfg, which echos some of the comments in this thread: To implement such a tool is beyond the scope of this Short Cut, but I can walk through the high-level design. Any such solution would mix a data store (the things that change) with a templating solution (the things that don’t change). The data store would hold the per-machine data, such as the IP address and hostname. You would also need a unique identifier, perhaps the hostname, such that you could pick up a given machine’s data. The data store could be a flat file, XML data, or a relational database such as PostgreSQL or MySQL. In turn, to invoke the system, you pass a machine’s unique identifier as a URL parameter. For example: boot: linux ks=http://your.kickstart.server/gen_config?host-server25 In this example, the CGI (or servlet, or whatever) generates a ks.cfg for the machine server25. But where, oh where, is the code for ks.cgi?

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• How do I install Windows XP from an external hard drive?

  - by Plasmer

  I'm trying to install Windows XP Media Center edition by copying the install disc image to an external hard drive and making it bootable. Has anyone had success getting this to work on systems that can't boot from dvds/floppies? I'm basically working from this guide: http://www.dl4all.com/other/21495-install-windows-xp-from-usb.html Update - 2/15/10 I used WinToFlash on my laptop to format my usb hard drive from my install dvd (Windows XP Media Center Version 2005 with Update Rollup 2 from Dell) and selected "boot from usb device" at the boot selection menu and the windows installer started up. However, an error message came up saying that: "A problem has been detected and windows has been shut down to prevent damage to your computer." Originally on my desktop machine, I had 1 150Gb SATA drive, and 2 150 Gb SATA drives striped together using RAID. From the hard drive diagnostics, it appears the windows install on one of the RAIDed disks lost a block and this has been preventing me from booting up. I replaced the standalone drive with a new 1Tb SATA drive and disconnected the other hard drives. Could the message be indicating a virus is on the unformatted drive? or the usb hard drive? Update 2 - 2/15/10 The external hard drive didn't find any viruses when scanned. I tried installing Vista Home Premium 64bit SP1 using WinToFlash and that installed successfully onto the new 1Tb drive. WinToFlash was really easy to use and helped a lot, thanks!

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• All commands stopped working in centos 6.5

  - by Michael

  I have made a big mistake while removing some duplicate packages as it appears to be broken. yum 1036 rpm -e --nodeps glibc-2.12-1.132.el6_5.2.x86_64 1037 rpm -e --nodeps nscd-2.12-1.132.el6_5.2.x86_64 1038 rpm -e --nodeps glibc-common-2.12-1.132.el6_5.2.x86_64 1040 rpm -e --nodeps glibc-common-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 glibc-headers-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 1041 rpm -e glibc.x86_64 1042 rpm -e --nodeps glibc.x86_64 The issue happened after doing 1042 step. None of commands work(including yum, rpm, ls, cp etc) and getting error /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2: bad ELF interpreter: No such file or directory I thought that installing glibc after removing all the current ones would help to resolve the duplicate package error :( Now I realised that it is used as the C library in the GNU system and most systems with the Linux kernel. It defines the "system calls" and other basic facilities such as open, malloc, printf, exit, etc. Is there any possible solutions other than reinstall? I have lost ssh access. Maybe anything can be done using rescue cd? Thanks

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• Can I get all active directory passwords in clear text using reversible encryption?

  - by christian123

  EDIT: Can anybody actually answer the question? Thanks, I don't need no audit trail, I WILL know all the passwords and users can't change them and I will continue to do so. This is not for hacking! We recently migrated away from a old and rusty Linux/Samba domain to an active directory. We had a custom little interface to manage accounts there. It always stored the passwords of all users and all service accounts in cleartext in a secure location (Of course, many of you will certainly not think of this a being secure, but without real exploits nobody could read that) and disabled password changing on the samba domain controller. In addition, no user can ever select his own passwords, we create them using pwgen. We don't change them every 40 days or so, but only every 2 years to reward employees for really learning them and NOT writing them down. We need the passwords to e.g. go into user accounts and modify settings that are too complicated for group policies or to help users. These might certainly be controversial policies, but I want to continue them on AD. Now I save new accounts and their PWGEN-generated (pwgen creates nice sounding random words with nice amounts of vowels, consonants and numbers) manually into the old text-file that the old scripts used to maintain automatically. How can I get this functionality back in AD? I see that there is "reversible encryption" in AD accounts, probably for challenge response authentication systems that need the cleartext password stored on the server. Is there a script that displays all these passwords? That would be great. (Again: I trust my DC not to be compromised.) Or can I have a plugin into AD users&computers that gets a notification of every new password and stores it into a file? On clients that is possible with GINA-dlls, they can get notified about passwords and get the cleartext.

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• Bad Mumble control channel performance in KVM guest

  - by aef

  I'm running a Mumble server (Murmur) on a Debian Wheezy Beta 4 KVM guest which runs on a Debian Wheezy Beta 4 KVM hypervisor. The guest machines are attached to a bridge device on the hypervisor system through Virtio network interfaces. The Hypervisor is attached to a 100Mbit/s uplink and does IP-routing between the guest machines and the remaining Internet. In this setup we're experiencing a clearly recognizable lag between double-clicking a channel in the client and the channel joining action happening. This happens with a lot of different clients between 1.2.3 and 1.2.4 on Linux and Windows systems. Voice quality and latency seems to be completely unaffected by this. Most of the times the client's information dialog states a 16ms latency for both the voice and control channel. The deviation for the control channels mostly is a lot higher than the one of the voice channels. In some situations the control channel is displayed with a 100ms ping and about 1000 deviation. It seems the TCP performance is a problem here. We had no problems on an earlier setup which was in principle quite like the new one. We used Debian Lenny based Xen hypervisor and a soft-virtualised guest machine instead and an earlier version of the Mumble 1.2.3 series. The current murmurd --version says: 1.2.3-349-g315b5f5-2.1

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• Best tool for monitoring backups, etc. and trending statstics from that data

  - by Randy Syring

  I have done some research on nagios, opennms, and zenoss but am not confident that I have found what I am looking for. The main driving force for me right now is being able to monitor backups. This includes mysql, mssql, and eventually some file system backups. We have a tool that wraps the backup process for these different systems and collects statistics. So, items like: number of databases backed up size of db backup file size of db backup file compressed time to make backup time to zip file I want to be able to A) have notifications if the jobs are not run according to schedule B) be able to set thresholds on the statistics which would trigger notifications C) I want to be able to trend and graph the statistics I am planning on sending this information to the monitoring application through an HTTP POST. Or, the monitoring application could pull it from a log file as well. However, we will have other processes with other "arbitrary" (from the monitoring system's perspective) statics that will want to monitor and trend, so flexibility is very important. The tool or tools should also be able to do general monitoring and trending of network interfaces, server load, etc. Once we get the backup monitoring in place, we will want to include those items as well. Thanks.

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• Differential backup missing moved folders (flawed archive attribute logic)

  - by Max

  Recently I've discovered that my backup system it flawed: there are situation where various files/folders are missed. I do my backup from local disk to a network NAS. I use Cobian backup, and I have setup the backup software to create one full backup every week, and one differential backup every day. Now, the backup software (to my knowledge any backup software work this way) decide the files that go in the differential backup by looking at the file archive attribute. If the attribute is set, then the file go in to the backup. Now, when you move a file to a new location, on Windows systems, the archive attribute get set and the file is included in the backup, and that's fine... but when you move an entire folder, no archive attribute is set, nor on the folder, nor in any files inside the folder, so the moved folder isn't included in the differential backup! So, if you have a full backup plus a differential backup, and you moved folders around... then it's impossible to reconstruct the original files/folders structure starting from the full+differential backup, because the backup software didn't include the moved folders in the differential backup. So my differential backup are useless... Why does windows set the archive attribute when moving a file, but not when moving a folder? How can I deal with this issue? Is there a way to create a differential backup that works as it's supposed to do? Doing full backup every day is not practical, because the changed data is about 0.1% at day (by using a differential backup I can keep 4 weeks of files history without using too much disk space.)

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