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• Should components have sub-components in a component-based system like Artemis?

  - by Daniel Ingraham

  I am designing a game using Artemis, although this is more of philosophical question about component-based design in general. Let's say I have non-primitive data which applies to a given component (a Component "animal" may have qualities such as "teeth" or "diet"). There are three ways to approach this in data-driven design, as I see it: 1) Generate classes for these qualities using "traditional" OOP. I imagine this has negative implications for performance, as systems then must be made aware of these qualities in order to process them. It also seems counter to the overall philosophy of data-driven design. 2) Include these qualities as sub-components. This seems off, in that we are now confusing the role of components with that of entities. Moreover out of the box Artemis isn't capable of mapping these subcomponents onto their parent components. 3) Add "teeth", "diet", etc. as components to the overall entity alongside "animal". While this feels odd hierarchically, it may simply be a peculiarity of component-based systems. I suspect 3 is the correct way to think about things, but I was curious about other ideas.

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• How do I apply 2 rotations about different points to a single primitive using OpenGL

  - by Fenoec

  I'm working on a 2D top-down shooter game that has a rotation feature like Realm Of The Mad God such that if you press e the camera rotates around the character in a clockwise direction and q rotates the camera around the character in a counterclockwise direction. I have this working with my floors and walls by translating to the character, doing the screen rotation, and drawing everything with the character as the origin. The problem arises when I shoot projectiles which need to both rotate around the character and rotate around themselves (shooting uses the mouse cursor so I can shoot at any angle). For example, if the screen is not rotated and I'm shooting rectangular projectiles, I want them to face in the direction I'm shooting (rotation around themselves). However if I only do this rotation, when I then rotate the screen the projectiles will always shoot at the same position because my cursor position does not change. Therefore I need to also either rotate the projectiles around the character or rotate the mouse cursor position to get the correct position (which would then totally screw up all of the collision detection). Likewise if I only do the screen rotation on projectiles, the rectangles will always be facing the same way and they would only look correct if I were shooting straight up or straight down. So my question is, how can I perform 2 rotations on a primitive around 2 different points? The only way I can think of is to translate to the character and do the screen rotation, then somehow calculate the translation required to move back to the middle of the projectile (seeing as how my axes are now rotated) and do its rotation. Or am I thinking about this in the wrong way and there is a different solution to accomplishing this effect?

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• LOD in modern games

  - by Firas Assaad

  I'm currently working on my master's thesis about LOD and mesh simplification, and I've been reading many academic papers and articles about the subject. However, I can't find enough information about how LOD is being used in modern games. I know many games use some sort of dynamic LOD for terrain, but what about elsewhere? Level of Detail for 3D Graphics for example points out that discrete LOD (where artists prepare several models in advance) is widely used because of the performance overhead of continuous LOD. That book was published in 2002 however, and I'm wondering if things are different now. There has been some research in performing dynamic LOD using the geometry shader (this paper for example, with its implementation in ShaderX6), would that be used in a modern game? To summarize, my question is about the state of LOD in modern video games, what algorithms are used and why? In particular, is view dependent continuous simplification used or does the runtime overhead make using discrete models with proper blending and impostors a more attractive solution? If discrete models are used, is an algorithm used (e.g. vertex clustering) to generate them offline, do artists manually create the models, or perhaps a combination of both methods is used?

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• XNA hlsl tex2D() only reads 3 channels from normal maps and specular maps

  - by cubrman

  Our engine uses deferred rendering and at the main draw phase gathers plenty of data from the objects it draws. In order to save on tex2D calls, we packed our objects' specular maps with all sorts of data, so three out of four channels are already taken. To make it clear: I am talking about the assets that come with the models and are stored in their material's Specular Level channel, not about the RenderTarget. So now I need another information to be stored in the alpha channel, but I cannot make the shader to read it properly! Nomatter what I write into alpha it ends up being 1 (255)! I tried: saving the textures in PNG/TGA formats. turning off pre-computed alpha in model's properties. Out of every texture available to me (we use Diffuse map, Normal Map and Specular Map) I was only able to read alpha successfully from the Diffuse Map! Here is how I add specular and normal maps to my model's material in the content processor: if (geometry.Material.Textures.ContainsKey(normalMapKey)) { ExternalReference<TextureContent> texRef = geometry.Material.Textures[normalMapKey]; geometry.Material.Textures.Remove("NormalMap"); geometry.Material.Textures.Add("NormalMap", texRef); } ... foreach (KeyValuePair<String, ExternalReference<TextureContent>> texture in material.Textures) { if ((texture.Key == "Texture") || (texture.Key == "NormalMap") || (texture.Key == "SpecularMap")) mat.Textures.Add(texture.Key, texture.Value); } In the shader I obviously use: float4 data = tex2D(specularMapSampler, TexCoords); so data.a is always 1 in my case, could you suggest a reason?

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• Why can't I compare two Texture2D's?

  - by Fiona

  I am trying to use an accessor, as it seems to me that that is the only way to accomplish what I want to do. Here is my code: Game1.cs public class GroundTexture { private Texture2D dirt; public Texture2D Dirt { get { return dirt; } set { dirt = value; } } } public class Main : Game { public static Texture2D texture = tile.Texture; GroundTexture groundTexture = new GroundTexture(); public static Texture2D dirt; protected override void LoadContent() { Tile tile = (Tile)currentLevel.GetTile(20, 20); dirt = Content.Load<Texture2D>("Dirt"); groundTexture.Dirt = dirt; Texture2D texture = tile.Texture; } protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { if (texture == groundTexture.Dirt) { player.TileCollision(groundBounds); } base.Update(gameTime); } } I removed irrelevant information from the LoadContent and Update functions. On the following line: if (texture == groundTexture.Dirt) I am getting the error Operator '==' cannot be applied to operands of type 'Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.Texture2D' and 'Game1.GroundTexture' Am I using the accessor correctly? And why do I get this error? "Dirt" is Texture2D, so they should be comparable. This using a few functions from a program called Realm Factory, which is a tile editor. The numbers "20, 20" are just a sample of the level I made below: tile.Texture returns the sprite, which here is the content item Dirt.png Thank you very much! (I posted this on the main Stackoverflow site, but after several days didn't get a response. Since it has to do mainly with Texture2D, I figured I'd ask here.)

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• Boolean checks with a single quadtree, or multiple quadtrees?

  - by Djentleman

  I'm currently developing a 2D sidescrolling shooter game for PC (think metroidvania but with a lot more happening at once). Using XNA. I'm utilising quadtrees for my spatial partitioning system. All objects will be encompassed by standard bounding geometry (box or sphere) with possible pixel-perfect collision detection implemented after geometry collision (depends on how optimised I can get it). These are my collision scenarios, with < representing object overlap (multiplayer co-op is the reason for the player<player scenario): Collision scenarios (true = collision occurs): Player <> Player = false Enemy <> Enemy = false Player <> Enemy = true PlayerBullet <> Enemy = true PlayerBullet <> Player = false PlayerBullet <> EnemyBullet = true PlayerBullet <> PlayerBullet = false EnemyBullet <> Player = true EnemyBullet <> Enemy = false EnemyBullet <> EnemyBullet = false Player <> Environment = true Enemy <> Environment = true PlayerBullet <> Environment = true EnemyBullet <> Environment = true Going off this information and the fact that were will likely be several hundred objects rendering on-screen at any given time, my question is as follows: Which method is likely to be the most efficient/optimised and why: Using a single quadtree with boolean checks for collision between the different types of objects. Using three quadtrees at once (player, enemy, environment), only testing the player and enemy trees against each other while testing both the player and enemy trees against the environment tree.

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• How can I make permanent death in a MUD seem acceptable and fair to players?

  - by Luke Laupheimer

  I have considered writing a MUD for years, and I have a lot of ideas my friends think are really cool (and that's how I'd hope to get anywhere -- word of mouth). Thing is, there's one thing I have always wanted, that my friends and strangers hated: permanent death. Now, the emotional response I get to this is visceral revulsion, every time. I'm pretty sure I am the only person that wants this, or if I'm not, I'm a tiny minority. Now, the reason I want it is because I want the actions of the players to matter. Unlike a lot of other MUDs, which have a set of static city-states and social institutions etc, I want the things my players do, should I get any, to actually change the situation. And that includes killing people. If you kill someone, you didn't send them to time out, you killed them. What happens when you kill people? They go away. They don't come back in half an hour to smack talk you some more. They're gone. Forever. By making death non-permanent, you make death not matter. It would be similar if a climax to a character's arc is getting a speeding ticket. It cheapens it. Non-permanent death cheapens death. How can I: 1) Convince my players (and random people!) that this is actually a good idea?, or 2) Find some other way to make death and violence matter as much as it does in real life (except within the game, of course) sans character deletion? What alternatives are there out there?

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• My GLSL shader isn't compiling even though it should. What should I investigate?

  - by reapz

  I'm porting an iOS game to Android. One of the shaders I'm using wouldn't compile until I reduced the number of uniform variables. Here are the uniform definitions: uniform highp mat4 ViewProjMatrix; uniform mediump vec3 LightDirWorld; uniform mediump int BoneCount; uniform highp mat4 BoneMatrixArray[8]; uniform highp mat3 BoneMatrixArrayIT[8]; uniform mediump int LightCount; uniform mediump vec3 LightPos[4]; // This used to be 12, but now 4, next lines also uniform lowp vec3 LightColour[4]; uniform mediump vec3 LightInnerOuterFalloff[4]; My issue is that the GLSL shader wouldn't compile until I reduced the count of the above arrays from 12 to 4. My understanding is that if those 3 lines were arrays of 12 then I would be using 56 vertex uniform vectors. I query the system at startup (GL_MAX_VERTEX_UNIFORM_VECTORS) and it says that 128 are available. Why wouldn't it compile with 56? I'm having issues on the Kindle Fire.

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• Can't detect collision properly using Rectangle.Intersects()

  - by Daniel Ribeiro

  I'm using a single sprite sheet image as the main texture for my breakout game. The image is this: My code is a little confusing, since I'm creating two elements from the same Texture using a Point, to represent the element size and its position on the sheet, a Vector, to represent its position on the viewport and a Rectangle that represents the element itself. Texture2D sheet; Point paddleSize = new Point(112, 24); Point paddleSheetPosition = new Point(0, 240); Vector2 paddleViewportPosition; Rectangle paddleRectangle; Point ballSize = new Point(24, 24); Point ballSheetPosition = new Point(160, 240); Vector2 ballViewportPosition; Rectangle ballRectangle; Vector2 ballVelocity; My initialization is a little confusing as well, but it works as expected: paddleViewportPosition = new Vector2((GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Bounds.Width - paddleSize.X) / 2, GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Bounds.Height - (paddleSize.Y * 2)); paddleRectangle = new Rectangle(paddleSheetPosition.X, paddleSheetPosition.Y, paddleSize.X, paddleSize.Y); Random random = new Random(); ballViewportPosition = new Vector2(random.Next(GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Bounds.Width), random.Next(GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Bounds.Top, GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Bounds.Height / 2)); ballRectangle = new Rectangle(ballSheetPosition.X, ballSheetPosition.Y, ballSize.X, ballSize.Y); ballVelocity = new Vector2(3f, 3f); The problem is I can't detect the collision properly, using this code: if(ballRectangle.Intersects(paddleRectangle)) { ballVelocity.Y = -ballVelocity.Y; } What am I doing wrong?

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• relationship between the model and the renderer

  - by acrilige

  I tried to build a simple graphics engine, and faced with this problems: i have a list of models that i need to draw, and object (renderer) that implements IRenderer interface with method DrawObject(Object* obj). Implementation of renderer depends on using graphics library (opengl/directx). 1st question: model should not know nothing about renderer implementation, but in this case where can i hold (cache) information that depends on renderer implementation? For example, if model have this definition: class Model { public: Model(); Vertex* GetVertices() const; private: Vertex* m_vertices; }; what is the best way to cache, for example, vertex buffer of this model for dx11? Hold it in renderer object? 2nd question: what is the best way for model to say renderer HOW it must be rendered (for example with texture, bump mapping, or may be just in one color). I thought it can be done with flags, like this: model-SetRenderOptions(RENDER_TEXTURE | RENDER_BUMPMAPPING | RENDER_LIGHTING); and in Renderer::DrawModel method check for each flag. But looks like it will become uncomfortable with the options count growth...

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• Offset Forward vector of object based on Rotation

  - by Taylor

  I'm using the Bullet 3D physics engine in a iOS application running openGL ES 1.1 Currently I'm accepting info from the gyroscope to allow the user to "look around" a 3d world that follows a bouncing ball (note: it only takes in the yaw to look around 360 degrees). Im also accepting information from the accelerometer based on the tilt to push the ball. As of right now, to move forward, the user tilts the devise forward (using the accelerometer); to move to the right, the user tilts the devise to the right and so on. The forward vector is currently along it's local Z-axis. The problem is that I want to change the ball bounce based on where the user has changed the view. If I change the view, the ball bounces in the fixed direction. I want to change the forward facing direction so that when a user changes the view (say to the look at the right of the world, the user rotates the device), tilting the devise forward will result in a forward force in that direction. Basically, I want the forward vector to take the rotation into consideration. Sorry if I didn't explain the issue well enough, its kind of confusing to write down.

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• Creating Gun objects with upgrades?

  - by zardon

  I have a series of guns in my game. I use the Gun class/object like this: (Just an example) @interface Gun : NSObject { NSString *name; // Six-shooter NSNumber *cost; NSNumber *clipPrice; // ie: 700 NSNumber *clipCapacity; // 6 NSNumber *ammoCapacity; // 6 NSNumber *damage; // 0-10 NSNumber *accuracy; // 0-10 NSNumber *fireRate; // 0-10 NSNumber *range; // 0-10 // Not sure if I have all the stats, but this is fine for now } Lets say I want to have 3 upgrades per gun. My problem is I am not sure how to do this. Examples: increase fire-rate increase range increase accuracy silencer double ammo capacity (ie: Drum) double clip capacity (ie: Taped magazine) Thus my question is, I'd like to implement an upgrade system to guns but I am not sure how to do it. Would there be an Upgrade object which is a child to the Gun class, or would it be seperate class altogether. Thanks for your time.

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• andEngine dynamic sprites

  - by Blucreation

  Ive just started with andEngine the past week and i only started learning java/android 3 weeks. I can use a for loop to add multiple sprites to the screen but when i try to check collisions on them it only does it to one and not the rest. I want to be able to add a specific number for sprites made from the same texture to the scene, add collision detection to them and also make them slide across the screen (im making a game where you avoid the obstacles). My simple code: private void createobstacle(float pX, float pY) { obstacle = new AnimatedSprite(pX, pY, this.mObjTextureRegion.deepCopy(), getVertexBufferObjectManager()); obstacle.setScale(MathUtils.random(0.5f, 3f)); scene.attachChild(obstacle); } private void createobstacle(int num) { for(int i=0; i<=num; i++ ) { final float xPos = MathUtils.random(30.0f, (CAMERA_WIDTH - 30.0f)); final float yPos = MathUtils.random(30.0f, (CAMERA_HEIGHT - 30.0f)); createobstacle(xPos, yPos); } } Ive read about arrays but i cannot find any tutorials about anything im stuck with. Any help would be great!

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• how to make a continuous machine gun sound-effect

  - by Jan

  I am trying to make an entity fire one or more machine-guns. For each gun I store the time between shots (1.0 / firing rate) and the time since the last shot. Also I've loaded ~10 different gun-shot sound-effects. Now, for each gun I do the following: function update(deltatime): timeSinceLastShot += deltatime if timeSinceLastShot >= timeBetweenShots + verySmallRandomValue(): timeSinceLastShot -= timeBetweenShots if gunIsFiring: displayMuzzleFlash() spawnBullet() selectRandomSound().play() But now I often get a crackling noise (which I assume is when two or more guns are firing at the same time and confuse the sound-device). My question is whether A) This a common problem and there is a well-known solution, maybe to do with the channels or something, or B) I am using a completely wrong approach to the task. I had a look at some sound-assets for other games and they used complete burst with multiple shots. I suppose I could try that, but I would like to have organic little hickups in the gun-fire (that's what the random value is for) to make the game more gritty and dirty. I am using Panda3D, but I had the exact same problem in PyGame and SDL. [edit] Thanks a lot for the answers so far! One more problem with faking it though: Now how do I stop the sound? Let's say I have an effect with 5 bangs... *bang* *bang* *bang* *bang* *bang* And I magically manage to loop it so that there's no gap or overlap if the player fires more than 5 shots. Now, what do I do if the player stops firing halfway through the third bang? How do I know how long to keep playing the sample so that the third bang is completed and I can start playing the rumbling echo of the last shot? Of course I can look up the shot/pause timing of that sound-sample and code accordingly, but it feels extremely hacky.

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• Calc direction vector based on destination vector and distance from enemy in AS3

  - by Phil

  I'm working on a zombie game in AS3 where I want a character to be able to move away from a zombie depending upon how close the zombie is. The character also has a destination that it's trying to get too on the screen. Ok so I have 2 vectors, one pointing to my destination, and one pointing to the zombie which I then invert to get my "away" vector. I then turn the distance between my character and the zombie into a value between 0 and 1. And then I'm stuck on how to get a resultant vector for my character. How would I use my 0-1 value to calculate how much of the away vector is used and how much of the original destination vector is still left if that makes sense? to end up with 1 direction vector to move my character? So if the zombie is right where my character is, then my direction vector = away vector, and if I'm far away from the zombie than my direction vector = destination vector, but how do I calculate the in-between? Ideally need the answer in AS3.

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• How can I design good continuous (seamless) tiles?

  - by Mikalichov

  I have trouble designing tiles so that when assembled, they don't look like tiles, but look like a homogeneous thing. For example, see the image below: Even though the main part of the grass is only one tile, you don't "see" the grid; you know where it is if you look a bit carefully, but it is not obvious. Whereas when I design tiles, you can only see "oh, jeez, 64 times the same tile," like in this image: (I took this from another GDSE question, sorry; not be critical of the game, but it proves my point. And actually has better tile design that what I manage, anyway.) I think the main problem is that I design them so they are independent, there is no junction between two tiles if put closed to each other. I think having the tiles more "continuous" would have a smoother effect, but can't manage to do it, it seems overly complex to me. I think it is probably simpler than I think once you know how to do it, but couldn't find a tutorial on that specific point. Is there a known method to design continuous / homogeneous tiles? (My terminology might be totally wrong, don't hesitate to correct me.)

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• Solution for lightweight LAN peer discovering?

  - by DevilWithin

  I built a library for purely cross-platform programming. My games made with it run fine in Android , Pc, Linux, Mac etc. The networking capabilities are provided by ENET library, therefore all communication between my apps is not TCP or UDP compatible, but only in the custom protocol, even tough its based on the UDP ultimately. I don't think its possible to do what i want with ENET, thats why I ask here for help! Lets say I have the same game running in my Android phone, my laptop and my pc. They are all in the same wifi network, and therefore in a LAN, whether its Wifi hotspot(?) or the household router. I need each of those 3 peers to discover the other two in the network. This is meant only to find the IP of alive apps in the LAN network, to be able to host multiplayer games between them. I can only think of one effective way to do this, UDP broadcast, wait responses, but if that is the solution, i need something small, since its the only purpose of the implementation. Other way could be to try to connect to all IPs in the LAN address subrange, but I don't think the OS would be with me on this one :p Sorry for the long question!

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• Adjusting the rate of movement of different objects on the same timer

  - by theUg

  I have a series of objects moving along the straight lines. I want to implement slight changes of velocity of each of the object. Constraint is existing model of animation. I am new to this, and not sure if it is the best way to accommodate varying speeds, but what do I know? It is a Java application that repaints the panel every time the timer expires. Timer is set via swing.Timer object that is set by timer delay constant. Every time the game is stepped objects’ coordinates advanced by an increment constant. Most of the objects are of the same class. Is there fairly easy way to refactor existing system to allow changing velocity for an individual object? Is there some obvious common solution I am not aware about? Idea I am having right now is to set timer delay fairly small, and only move objects every so many cycles of animation so that the apparent speed can be adjusted by varying how often they get moved. But that seems fairly involved, and I do not think it is the most elegant solution in terms of performance what with repainting the whole frame every 3-5 milliseconds. Can it be done by advancing the objects so many (varying) times during the certain interval (let’s say 35ms for something like 28fps), and use repaint() method to redraw just individual object? Do I need to mess with pausing animation for smoothness at higher redraw rates? Is it common practise to check for collision at larger step interval, but draw animation a lot more frequently?

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• Collision detection with non-rectangular images

  - by Adam Smith

  I'm creating a game and I need to detect collisions between a character and some parts of the environment. Since my character's frames are taken from a sprite sheet with a transparent background, I'm wondering how I should go about detecting collisions between a wall and my character only if the colliding parts are non-transparent in both images. I thought about checking only if part of the rectangle the character is in touches the rectangle a tile is in and comparing the alpha channels, but then I have another choice to make... Either I test every single pixel against every single pixel in the other image and if one is true, I detect a collision. That would be terribly ineficient. The other option would be to keep a x,y position of the leftmost, rightmost, etc. non-transparent pixel of each image and compare those instead. The problem with this one might be that, for instance, the character's hand could be above a tile (so it would be in a transparent zone of the tile) but a pixel that is not the rightmost could touch part of the tile without being detected. Another problem would be that in different frames, the rightmost, leftmost, etc. pixels might not be at the same position. Should I not bother with that and just check the collisions on the rectangles? It would be simpler, but I'm afraid people.will feel that there are collisions sometimes that shouldn't happen.

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• Implementing a switch statement based on user input

  - by Dave Voyles

  I'm trying to delay the time it takes for the main menu screen to pop up after a user has won / lost a match. As it stands, the game immediately displays a message stating "you won / lost" and waits for 6 seconds before loading the menu screen. I would also like players to have the ability to press a key to advance to the menu screen immediately but thus far my switch statement doesn't seem to do the trick. I've included the switch statement, along with my (theoretical) inputs. What could I be doing wrong here? if (gamestate == GameStates.End) switch (input.IsMenuDown(ControllingPlayer)) { case true: ScreenManager.AddScreen(new MainMenuScreen(), null); // Draws the MainMenuScreen break; case false: if (screenLoadDelay > 0) { screenLoadDelay -= gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds; } ScreenManager.AddScreen(new MainMenuScreen(), null); // Draws the MainMenuScreen break; } /// <summary> /// Checks for a "menu down" input action. /// The controllingPlayer parameter specifies which player to read /// input for. If this is null, it will accept input from any player. /// </summary> public bool IsMenuDown(PlayerIndex? controllingPlayer) { PlayerIndex playerIndex; return IsNewKeyPress(Keys.Down, controllingPlayer, out playerIndex) || IsNewButtonPress(Buttons.DPadDown, controllingPlayer, out playerIndex) || IsNewButtonPress(Buttons.LeftThumbstickDown, controllingPlayer, out playerIndex); }

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• How can I ensure my Collada model fits on an iPhone screen?

  - by rakeshNS

  Hi I am new to game development. I see many examples and tried myself like displaying triangle, cube etc. Now I am looking to render a Collada object. So I created a Collada object using Google Sketch up and trying to render that now. But the thing I am not understanding is, in all examples the vertices are between -1.0 and +1.0 values. But when I looked into that Collada file, the vertices were ranging from -30.0 to 90.0. I know any vertices greater than 1.0 will not display on iPhone. So can you pleas tell my the secret behind converting Object coordinate to normalized vector coordinate? My previous triangle defined as struct Vertex{ float Position[3]; float Color[4]; }; const Vertex Vertices[] = { {{-0.5, -0.866}, {1, 1, 0.5f, 1}}, {{0.5, -0.866}, {1, 1, 0.5, 1}}, {{0, 1}, {1, 1, 0.5, 1}}, {{-0.5, -0.866}, {0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f}}, {{0.5, -0.866}, {0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f}}, {{0, -0.4f}, {0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f}}, }; And now triangle from collada is const Vertex Vertices[] = { {{39.4202092, 90.1263924, 0.0000000}, {1, 1, 0.5f, 1}}, {{-20.2205588, 90.1263924, 0.0000000}, {1, 1, 0.5, 1}}, {{-20.2205588, 176.3763924, 0.0000000}, {1, 1, 0.5, 1}}, {{-20.2205588, 176.3763924, 0.0000000}, {1, 1, 0.5, 1}}, {{-20.2205588, 90.1263924, 0.0000000}, {1, 1, 0.5, 1}}, {{39.4202092, 90.1263924, 0.0000000}, {1, 1, 0.5, 1}}, };

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• Why does my player stop when stepping onto a new tile?

  - by user220631

  Me and my friend are creating a game from scratch. He is in charge of art design and I am in charge of coding. I have done well so far with the code, but I have a collision detection problem when the character moves right: Once the player moves right, whenever a new block is encountered, the player stops. I don't know if this is a problem with collision or the player but I can't work around it. Here is the collision code: this.IsColliding = function(obj) { if(this.X > obj.X + obj.Width) return false; else if(this.X + this.Width < obj.X) return false; else if(this.Y > obj.Y + obj.Height) return false; else if(this.Y + this.Height < obj.Y) return false; else return true; } I also wanted to see if there as a way to make the player collide with the bottom of the block and the right side of the block instead of running through it.

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• State changes in entities or components

  - by GriffinHeart

  I'm having some trouble figuring how to deal with state management in my entities. I don't have trouble with Game state management, like pause and menus, since these are not handled as an entity component system; just with state in entities/components. Drawing from Orcs Must Die as an example, I have my MainCharacter and Trap entities which only have their components like PositionComponent, RenderComponent, PhysicsComponent. On each update the Entity will call update on its components. I also have a generic EventManager with listeners for different event types. Now I need to be able to place the traps: first select the trap and trap position then place the trap. When placing a trap it should appear in front of the MainCharacter, rendered in a different way and following it around. When placed it should just respond to collisions and be rendered in the normal way. How is this usually handled in component based systems? (This example is specific but can help figure out the general way to deal with entities states.)

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• Making particle bounce off a line with friction

  - by Dlaor

  So I'm making a game and I need a particle to bounce off a line. I've got this so far: public static Vector2f Reflect(this Vector2f vec, Vector2f axis) //vec is velocity { Vector2f result = vec - 2f * axis * axis.Dot(vec); return result; } Which works fine, but then I decided I wanted to be able to change the bounciness and friction of the bounce. I got bounciness down... public static Vector2f Reflect(this Vector2f vec, Vector2f axis, float bounciness) //Bounciness goes from 0 to 1, 0 being not bouncy and 1 being perfectly bouncy { var reflect = (1 + bounciness); //2f Vector2f result = vec - reflect * axis * axis.Dot(vec); return result; } But when I tried to add friction, everything went to hell and back... public static Vector2f Reflect(this Vector2f vec, Vector2f axis, float bounciness, float friction) //Does not work at all! { var reflect = (1 + bounciness); //2f Vector2f subtract = reflect * axis * axis.Dot(vec); Vector2f subtract2 = axis * axis.Dot(vec); Vector2f result = vec - subtract; result -= axis.PerpendicularLeft() * subtract2.Length() * friction; return result; } Any physics guys willing to help me out with this? (if you're not sure what I mean with the friction of a bounce see this: http://www.metanetsoftware.com/technique/diagrams/A-1_particle_collision.swf)

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• Disappearring instances of VertexPositionColor using MonoGame

  - by Rosko

  I am a complete beginner in graphics developing with XNA/Monogame. Started my own project using Monogame 3.0 for WinRT. I have this unexplainable issue that some of the vertices disappear while doing some updates on them. Basically, it is a game with balls who collide with the walls and with each other and in certain conditions they explode. When they explode they disappear. Here is a video demonstrating the issue. I used wireframes so that it is easier to see how vertices are missing. The perfect exploding balls are the ones which are result by user input with mouse clicking. Thanks for the help. The situations is: I draw user primitives with triangle strips using like this graphicsDevice.DrawUserPrimitives<VertexPositionColor>(PrimitiveType.TriangleStrip, circleVertices, 0, primitiveCount); All of the primitives are in the z-plane (z = 0), I thought that it is the culling in action. I tried setting the culling mode to none but it did not help. Here is the code responsible for the explosion private void Explode(GameTime gameTime, ref List<Circle> circles) { if (this.isExploding) { for (int i = 0; i < this.circleVertices.Length; i++) { if (this.circleVertices[i] != this.circleCenter) { if (Vector3.Distance(this.circleVertices[i].Position, this.circleCenter.Position) < this.explosionRadius * precisionCoefficient) { var explosionVector = this.circleVertices[i].Position - this.circleCenter.Position; explosionVector.Normalize(); explosionVector *= explosionSpeed; circleVertices[i].Position += explosionVector * (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds; } else { circles.Remove(this); } } } } } I'd be really greatful if anyone has suggestions about how to fix this issue.

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