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  • Nested dereferencing arrows in Perl: to omit or not to omit?

    - by DVK
    In Perl, when you have a nested data structure, it is permissible to omit de-referencing arrows to 2d and more level of nesting. In other words, the following two syntaxes are identical: my $hash_ref = { 1 => [ 11, 12, 13 ], 3 => [31, 32] }; my $elem1 = $hash_ref->{1}->[1]; my $elem2 = $hash_ref->{1}[1]; # exactly the same as above Now, my question is, is there a good reason to choose one style over the other? It seems to be a popular bone of stylistic contention (Just on SO, I accidentally bumped into this and this in the space of 5 minutes). So far, none of the usual suspects says anything definitive: perldoc merely says "you are free to omit the pointer dereferencing arrow". Conway's "Perl Best Practices" says "whenever possible, dereference with arrows", but it appears to only apply to the context of dereferencing the main reference, not optional arrows on 2d level of nested data structures. "MAstering Perl for Bioinfirmatics" author James Tisdall doesn't give very solid preference either: "The sharp-witted reader may have noticed that we seem to be omitting arrow operators between array subscripts. (After all, these are anonymous arrays of anonymous arrays of anonymous arrays, etc., so shouldn't they be written [$array-[$i]-[$j]-[$k]?) Perl allows this; only the arrow operator between the variable name and the first array subscript is required. It make things easier on the eyes and helps avoid carpal tunnel syndrome. On the other hand, you may prefer to keep the dereferencing arrows in place, to make it clear you are dealing with references. Your choice." Personally, i'm on the side of "always put arrows in, since itg's more readable and obvious tiy're dealing with a reference".

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  • Google's Oauth for Installed apps vs. Oauth for Web Apps

    - by burgerguy
    So I'm having trouble understanding something... If you do Oauth for Web Apps, you register your site with a callback URL and get a unique consumer secret key. But once you've obtained an Oauth for Web Apps token, you don't have to generate Oauth calls to the google server from your registered domain. I regularly use my key and token from scripts running via an apache server at localhost on my laptop and Google never says "you're not sending this request from the registered domain." It just sends me the data. Now, as I understand it, if you do Oauth for Installed Apps, you use "anonymous" instead of a secret key you got from Google. I've been thinking of just using the OAuth for Web Apps auth method, then passing that token to an installed app that has my secret code embedded in its innards. The worry is that the code could be discovered by bad people. But what's more secure... making them work for the secret code or letting them default to anonymous? What really goes bad if the "secret" is discovered when the alternative is using "anonymous" as the secret?

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  • Cladogram, tree of life, cladistics, taxonomy in JS or canvas?

    - by boblet
    Good people - I need some help to find a way to create an interactive cladogram or phylogenetic tree (yes, I have read all related posts, and do not find what I am looking for). The thing is, I need the nodes to be name-able. An example would be something like this Most scripts I find are either applets, flash, or simply do not show the node classification, ie it would skip "feliformia" in this example. This is useless to me, as I would then end up with carnivore - anonymous node - anonymous node - anonymous node - tiger, and that is not good. This tree will in theory cover all life, so it could get rather large, and get links and names in english and latin from database. So: no flash, no applets. It must be horizontal, no supertrees (circular). I have gone through this http://bioinfo.unice.fr/biodiv/Tree_editors.html but most of them seems to be either old, not displaying sub-node levels, applets, or way too complex. I imagine this would be a delightful job for canvas/jQuery..? And chances are, someone got there before me? Any pointers much appreciated. Note: if anyone out there would like to do something like this as a project, I will be happy to help, even though it would not benefit me for this project.This type of taxonomy is not as simple as it may seem, and I would be happy see this happen.

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  • A question on delegates and method parameters

    - by Srinivas Reddy Thatiparthy
    public class Program { delegate void Srini(string param); static void Main(string[] args) { Srini sr = new Srini(PrintHello1); sr += new Srini(PrintHello2); //case 2: sr += new Srini(delegate(string o) { Console.WriteLine(o); }); sr += new Srini(delegate(object o) { Console.WriteLine(o.ToString()); }); //case 4: sr += new Srini(delegate { Console.WriteLine(“This line is accepted,though the method signature is not Comp”); });//case 5 sr("Hello World"); Console.Read(); } static void PrintHello1(string param) { Console.WriteLine(param); } static void PrintHello2(object param) { Console.WriteLine(param); } } Compiler doesn't complain about the case 2(see the comment),well,the reason is straight forward since string inherits from object. ,along the same lines ,Why is it complaining for anonymous method types(see the comment //case 4:) that “Cannot convert anonymous method to delegate type 'DelegateTest.Program.Srini' because the parameter types do not match the delegate parameter types” where as in case of normal method it doesn't ?or am i comparing apples with oranges? Another case is why is it accepting anonymous method without parameters?

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  • Deal with undefined values in code or in the template?

    - by David
    I'm writing a web application (in Python, not that it matters). One of the features is that people can leave comments on things. I have a class for comments, basically like so: class Comment: user = ... # other stuff where user is an instance of another class, class User: name = ... # other stuff And of course in my template, I have <div>${comment.user.name}</div> Problem: Let's say I allow people to post comments anonymously. In that case comment.user is None (undefined), and of course accessing comment.user.name is going to raise an error. What's the best way to deal with that? I see three possibilities: Use a conditional in the template to test for that case and display something different. This is the most versatile solution, since I can change the way anonymous comments are displayed to, say, "Posted anonymously" (instead of "Posted by ..."), but I've often been told that templates should be mindless display machines and not include logic like that. Also, other people might wind up writing alternate templates for the same application, and I feel like I should be making things as easy as possible for the template writer. Implement an accessor method for the user property of a Comment that returns a dummy user object when the real user is undefined. This dummy object would have user.name = 'Anonymous' or something like that and so the template could access it and print its name with no error. Put an actual record in my database corresponding to a user with user.name = Anonymous (or something like that), and just assign that user to any comment posted when nobody's logged in. I know I've seen some real-world systems that operate this way. (phpBB?) Is there a prevailing wisdom among people who write these sorts of systems about which of these (or some other solution) is the best? Any pitfalls I should watch out for if I go one way vs. another? Whoever gives the best explanation gets the checkmark.

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  • How to use named_scope to incrementally construct a complex query?

    - by wbharding
    I want to use Rails named_scope to incrementally build complex queries that are returned from external methods. I believe I can get the behavior I want with anonymous scopes like so: def filter_turkeys Farm.scoped(:conditions => {:animal => 'turkey'}) end def filter_tasty Farm.scoped(:conditions => {:tasty => true}) end turkeys = filter_turkeys is_tasty = filter_tasty tasty_turkeys = filter_turkeys.filter_tasty But say that I already have a named_scope that does what these anonymous scopes do, can I just use that, rather than having to declare anonymous scopes? Obviously one solution would be to pass my growing query to each of the filter methods, a la def filter_turkey(existing_query) existing_query.turkey # turkey is a named_scoped that filters for turkey end But that feels like an un-DRY way to solve the problem. Oh, and if you're wondering why I would want to return named_scope pieces from methods, rather than just build all the named scopes I need and concatenate them together, it's because my queries are too complex to be nicely handled with named_scopes themselves, and the queries get used in multiple places, so I don't want to manually build the same big hairy concatenation multiple times.

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  • File upload fails when user is authenticated. Using IIS7 Integrated mode.

    - by Nikkelmann
    These are the user identities my website tells me that it uses: Logged on: NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK SERVICE (Can not write any files at all) and Not logged on: WSW32\IUSR_77 (Can write files to any folder) I have a ASP.NET 4.0 website on a shared hosting IIS7 web server running in Integrated mode with 32-bit applications support enabled and MSSQL 2008. Using classic mode is not an option since I need to secure some static files and I use Routing. In my web.config file I have set the following: <system.webServer> <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true" /> </system.webServer> My hosting company says that Impersonation is enabled by default on machine level, so this is not something I can change. I asked their support and they referred me to this article: http://www.codinghub.net/2010/08/differences-between-integrated-mode-and.html Citing this part: Different windows identity in Forms authentication When Forms Authentication is used by an application and anonymous access is allowed, the Integrated mode identity differs from the Classic mode identity in the following ways: * ServerVariables["LOGON_USER"] is filled. * Request.LogognUserIdentity uses the credentials of the [NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK SERVICE] account instead of the [NT AUTHORITY\INTERNET USER] account. This behavior occurs because authentication is performed in a single stage in Integrated mode. Conversely, in Classic mode, authentication occurs first with IIS 7.0 using anonymous access, and then with ASP.NET using Forms authentication. Thus, the result of the authentication is always a single user-- the Forms authentication user. AUTH_USER/LOGON_USER returns this same user because the Forms authentication user credentials are synchronized between IIS 7.0 and ASP.NET. A side effect is that LOGON_USER, HttpRequest.LogonUserIdentity, and impersonation no longer can access the Anonymous user credentials that IIS 7.0 would have authenticated by using Classic mode. How do I set up my website so that it can use the proper identity with the proper permissions? I've looked high and low for any answers regarding this specific problem, but found nil so far... I hope you can help!

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  • I need help on my C++ assignment using MS Visual C++

    - by krayzwytie
    Ok, so I don't want you to do my homework for me, but I'm a little lost with this final assignment and need all the help I can get. Learning about programming is tough enough, but doing it online is next to impossible for me... Now, to get to the program, I am going to paste what I have so far. This includes mostly //comments and what I have written so far. If you can help me figure out where all the errors are and how to complete the assignment, I will really appreciate it. Like I said, I don't want you to do my homework for me (it's my final), but any constructive criticism is welcome. This is my final assignment for this class and it is due tomorrow (Sunday before midnight, Arizona time). This is the assignment: Examine the following situation: o Your company, Datamax, Inc., is in the process of automating its payroll systems. Your manager has asked you to create a program that calculates overtime pay for all employees. Your program must take into account the employee’s salary, total hours worked, and hours worked more than 40 in a week, and then provide an output that is useful and easily understood by company management. • Compile your program utilizing the following background information and the code outline in Appendix D (included in the code section). • Submit your project as an attachment including the code and the output. Company Background: o Three employees: Mark, John, and Mary o The end user needs to be prompted for three specific pieces of input—name, hours worked, and hourly wage. o Calculate overtime if input is greater than 40 hours per week. o Provide six test plans to verify the logic within the program. o Plan 1 must display the proper information for employee #1 with overtime pay. o Plan 2 must display the proper information for employee #1 with no overtime pay. o Plans 3-6 are duplicates of plan 1 and 2 but for the other employees. Program Requirements: o Define a base class to use for the entire program. o The class holds the function calls and the variables related to the overtime pay calculations. o Define one object per employee. Note there will be three employees. o Your program must take the objects created and implement calculations based on total salaries, total hours, and the total number of overtime hours. See the Employee Summary Data section of the sample output. Logic Steps to Complete Your Program: o Define your base class. o Define your objects from your base class. o Prompt for user input, updating your object classes for all three users. o Implement your overtime pay calculations. o Display overtime or regular time pay calculations. See the sample output below. o Implement object calculations by summarizing your employee objects and display the summary information in the example below. And this is the code: // Final_Project.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application. // #include "stdafx.h" #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <iomanip> using namespace std; // //CLASS DECLARATION SECTION // class CEmployee { public: void ImplementCalculations(string EmployeeName, double hours, double wage); void DisplayEmployInformation(void); void Addsomethingup (CEmployee, CEmployee, CEmployee); string EmployeeName ; int hours ; int overtime_hours ; int iTotal_hours ; int iTotal_OvertimeHours ; float wage ; float basepay ; float overtime_pay ; float overtime_extra ; float iTotal_salaries ; float iIndividualSalary ; }; int main() { system("cls"); cout << "Welcome to the Employee Pay Center"; /* Use this section to define your objects. You will have one object per employee. You have only three employees. The format is your class name and your object name. */ std::cout << "Please enter Employee's Name: "; std::cin >> EmployeeName; std::cout << "Please enter Total Hours for (EmployeeName): "; std::cin >> hours; std::cout << "Please enter Base Pay for(EmployeeName): "; std::cin >> basepay; /* Here you will prompt for the first employee’s information. Prompt the employee name, hours worked, and the hourly wage. For each piece of information, you will update the appropriate class member defined above. Example of Prompts Enter the employee name = Enter the hours worked = Enter his or her hourly wage = */ /* Here you will prompt for the second employee’s information. Prompt the employee name, hours worked, and the hourly wage. For each piece of information, you will update the appropriate class member defined above. Enter the employee name = Enter the hours worked = Enter his or her hourly wage = */ /* Here you will prompt for the third employee’s information. Prompt the employee name, hours worked, and the hourly wage. For each piece of information, you will update the appropriate class member defined above. Enter the employee name = Enter the hours worked = Enter his or her hourly wage = */ /* Here you will implement a function call to implement the employ calcuations for each object defined above. You will do this for each of the three employees or objects. The format for this step is the following: [(object name.function name(objectname.name, objectname.hours, objectname.wage)] ; */ /* This section you will send all three objects to a function that will add up the the following information: - Total Employee Salaries - Total Employee Hours - Total Overtime Hours The format for this function is the following: - Define a new object. - Implement function call [objectname.functionname(object name 1, object name 2, object name 3)] /* } //End of Main Function void CEmployee::ImplementCalculations (string EmployeeName, double hours, double wage){ //Initialize overtime variables overtime_hours=0; overtime_pay=0; overtime_extra=0; if (hours > 40) { /* This section is for the basic calculations for calculating overtime pay. - base pay = 40 hours times the hourly wage - overtime hours = hours worked – 40 - overtime pay = hourly wage * 1.5 - overtime extra pay over 40 = overtime hours * overtime pay - salary = overtime money over 40 hours + your base pay */ /* Implement function call to output the employee information. Function is defined below. */ } // if (hours > 40) else { /* Here you are going to calculate the hours less than 40 hours. - Your base pay is = your hours worked times your wage - Salary = your base pay */ /* Implement function call to output the employee information. Function is defined below. */ } // End of the else } //End of Primary Function void CEmployee::DisplayEmployInformation(); { // This function displays all the employee output information. /* This is your cout statements to display the employee information: Employee Name ............. = Base Pay .................. = Hours in Overtime ......... = Overtime Pay Amount........ = Total Pay ................. = */ } // END OF Display Employee Information void CEmployee::Addsomethingup (CEmployee Employ1, CEmployee Employ2) { // Adds two objects of class Employee passed as // function arguments and saves them as the calling object's data member values. /* Add the total hours for objects 1, 2, and 3. Add the salaries for each object. Add the total overtime hours. */ /* Then display the information below. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%% EMPLOYEE SUMMARY DATA%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%% Total Employee Salaries ..... = 576.43 %%%% Total Employee Hours ........ = 108 %%%% Total Overtime Hours......... = 5 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% */ } // End of function

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  • InternalsVisibleTo attribute and security vulnerability

    - by Sergey Litvinov
    I found one issue with InternalsVisibleTo attribute usage. The idea of InternalsVisibleTo attribute to allow some other assemblies to use internal classes\methods of this assembly. To make it work you need sign your assemblies. So, if other assemblies isn't specified in main assembly and if they have incorrect public key, then they can't use Internal members. But the issue in Reflection Emit type generation. For example, we have CorpLibrary1 assembly and it has such class: public class TestApi { internal virtual void DoSomething() { Console.WriteLine("Base DoSomething"); } public void DoApiTest() { // some internal logic // ... // call internal method DoSomething(); } } This assembly is marked with such attribute to allow another CorpLibrary2 to make inheritor for that TestAPI and override behaviour of DoSomething method. [assembly: InternalsVisibleTo("CorpLibrary2, PublicKey=0024000004800000940000000602000000240000525341310004000001000100434D9C5E1F9055BF7970B0C106AAA447271ECE0F8FC56F6AF3A906353F0B848A8346DC13C42A6530B4ED2E6CB8A1E56278E664E61C0D633A6F58643A7B8448CB0B15E31218FB8FE17F63906D3BF7E20B9D1A9F7B1C8CD11877C0AF079D454C21F24D5A85A8765395E5CC5252F0BE85CFEB65896EC69FCC75201E09795AAA07D0")] The issue is that I'm able to override this internal DoSomething method and break class logic. My steps to do it: Generate new assembly in runtime via AssemblyBuilder Get AssemblyName from CorpLibrary1 and copy PublikKey to new assembly Generate new assembly that will inherit TestApi class As PublicKey and name of generated assembly is the same as in InternalsVisibleTo, then we can generate new DoSomething method that will override internal method in TestAPI assembly Then we have another assembly that isn't related to this CorpLibrary1 and can't use internal members. We have such test code in it: class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { var builder = new FakeBuilder(InjectBadCode, "DoSomething", true); TestApi fakeType = builder.CreateFake(); fakeType.DoApiTest(); // it will display: // Inject bad code // Base DoSomething Console.ReadLine(); } public static void InjectBadCode() { Console.WriteLine("Inject bad code"); } } And this FakeBuilder class has such code: /// /// Builder that will generate inheritor for specified assembly and will overload specified internal virtual method /// /// Target type public class FakeBuilder { private readonly Action _callback; private readonly Type _targetType; private readonly string _targetMethodName; private readonly string _slotName; private readonly bool _callBaseMethod; public FakeBuilder(Action callback, string targetMethodName, bool callBaseMethod) { int randomId = new Random((int)DateTime.Now.Ticks).Next(); _slotName = string.Format("FakeSlot_{0}", randomId); _callback = callback; _targetType = typeof(TFakeType); _targetMethodName = targetMethodName; _callBaseMethod = callBaseMethod; } public TFakeType CreateFake() { // as CorpLibrary1 can't use code from unreferences assemblies, we need to store this Action somewhere. // And Thread is not bad place for that. It's not the best place as it won't work in multithread application, but it's just a sample LocalDataStoreSlot slot = Thread.AllocateNamedDataSlot(_slotName); Thread.SetData(slot, _callback); // then we generate new assembly with the same nameand public key as target assembly trusts by InternalsVisibleTo attribute var newTypeName = _targetType.Name + "Fake"; var targetAssembly = Assembly.GetAssembly(_targetType); AssemblyName an = new AssemblyName(); an.Name = GetFakeAssemblyName(targetAssembly); // copying public key to new generated assembly var assemblyName = targetAssembly.GetName(); an.SetPublicKey(assemblyName.GetPublicKey()); an.SetPublicKeyToken(assemblyName.GetPublicKeyToken()); AssemblyBuilder assemblyBuilder = Thread.GetDomain().DefineDynamicAssembly(an, AssemblyBuilderAccess.RunAndSave); ModuleBuilder moduleBuilder = assemblyBuilder.DefineDynamicModule(assemblyBuilder.GetName().Name, true); // create inheritor for specified type TypeBuilder typeBuilder = moduleBuilder.DefineType(newTypeName, TypeAttributes.Public | TypeAttributes.Class, _targetType); // LambdaExpression.CompileToMethod can be used only with static methods, so we need to create another method that will call our Inject method // we can do the same via ILGenerator, but expression trees are more easy to use MethodInfo methodInfo = CreateMethodInfo(moduleBuilder); MethodBuilder methodBuilder = typeBuilder.DefineMethod(_targetMethodName, MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.Virtual); ILGenerator ilGenerator = methodBuilder.GetILGenerator(); // call our static method that will call inject method ilGenerator.EmitCall(OpCodes.Call, methodInfo, null); // in case if we need, then we put call to base method if (_callBaseMethod) { var baseMethodInfo = _targetType.GetMethod(_targetMethodName, BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance); // place this to stack ilGenerator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); // call the base method ilGenerator.EmitCall(OpCodes.Call, baseMethodInfo, new Type[0]); // return ilGenerator.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); } // generate type, create it and return to caller Type cheatType = typeBuilder.CreateType(); object type = Activator.CreateInstance(cheatType); return (TFakeType)type; } /// /// Get name of assembly from InternalsVisibleTo AssemblyName /// private static string GetFakeAssemblyName(Assembly assembly) { var internalsVisibleAttr = assembly.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(InternalsVisibleToAttribute), true).FirstOrDefault() as InternalsVisibleToAttribute; if (internalsVisibleAttr == null) { throw new InvalidOperationException("Assembly hasn't InternalVisibleTo attribute"); } var ind = internalsVisibleAttr.AssemblyName.IndexOf(","); var name = internalsVisibleAttr.AssemblyName.Substring(0, ind); return name; } /// /// Generate such code: /// ((Action)Thread.GetData(Thread.GetNamedDataSlot(_slotName))).Invoke(); /// private LambdaExpression MakeStaticExpressionMethod() { var allocateMethod = typeof(Thread).GetMethod("GetNamedDataSlot", BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public); var getDataMethod = typeof(Thread).GetMethod("GetData", BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public); var call = Expression.Call(allocateMethod, Expression.Constant(_slotName)); var getCall = Expression.Call(getDataMethod, call); var convCall = Expression.Convert(getCall, typeof(Action)); var invokExpr = Expression.Invoke(convCall); var lambda = Expression.Lambda(invokExpr); return lambda; } /// /// Generate static class with one static function that will execute Action from Thread NamedDataSlot /// private MethodInfo CreateMethodInfo(ModuleBuilder moduleBuilder) { var methodName = "_StaticTestMethod_" + _slotName; var className = "_StaticClass_" + _slotName; TypeBuilder typeBuilder = moduleBuilder.DefineType(className, TypeAttributes.Public | TypeAttributes.Class); MethodBuilder methodBuilder = typeBuilder.DefineMethod(methodName, MethodAttributes.Static | MethodAttributes.Public); LambdaExpression expression = MakeStaticExpressionMethod(); expression.CompileToMethod(methodBuilder); var type = typeBuilder.CreateType(); return type.GetMethod(methodName, BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public); } } remarks about sample: as we need to execute code from another assembly, CorpLibrary1 hasn't access to it, so we need to store this delegate somewhere. Just for testing I stored it in Thread NamedDataSlot. It won't work in multithreaded applications, but it's just a sample. I know that we use Reflection to get private\internal members of any class, but within reflection we can't override them. But this issue is allows anyone to override internal class\method if that assembly has InternalsVisibleTo attribute. I tested it on .Net 3.5\4 and it works for both of them. How does it possible to just copy PublicKey without private key and use it in runtime? The whole sample can be found there - https://github.com/sergey-litvinov/Tests_InternalsVisibleTo UPDATE1: That test code in Program and FakeBuilder classes hasn't access to key.sn file and that library isn't signed, so it hasn't public key at all. It just copying it from CorpLibrary1 by using Reflection.Emit

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  • Inheritance - Could not initialize proxy - no Session.

    - by Ninu
    hello....i'm newbie developer.... i really need help at now... i just get started with Nhibernate thing at .Net... when i learn Inheritance and try it...it makes me confusing...why i get error like this : Initializing[AP.Core.Domain.AccountPayable.APInvoice#API03/04/2010/001]-Could not initialize proxy - no Session. this is my xml : <class xmlns="urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2" mutable="true" name="AP.Core.Domain.AccountPayable.APAdjustment, AP.Core, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null" table="APAdjustment"> <id name="AdjustmentNumber" type="System.String, mscorlib, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"> <column name="AdjustmentNumber" length="17" /> <generator class="assigned" /> </id> <property name="Amount" type="System.Decimal, mscorlib, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"> <column name="Amount" /> </property> <property name="TransactionDate" type="System.DateTime, mscorlib, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"> <column name="TransactionDate" /> </property> <many-to-one class="AP.Core.Domain.AccountPayable.APInvoice, AP.Core, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null" lazy="proxy" name="PurchaseInvoice"> <column name="PurchaseInvoice_id" not-null="true" /> </many-to-one> <joined-subclass name="AP.Core.Domain.AccountPayable.APCreditAdjustment, AP.Core, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null" lazy="true" table="APCreditAdjustment"> <key> <column name="APAdjustment_id" /> </key> </joined-subclass> </class> </hibernate-mapping> and this is inheritance Class : Parent Class -- public class APAdjustment { #region :FIELD private string adjustmentNumber; private decimal amount; private DateTime transactionDate; private APInvoice purchaseInvoice; Child Class -- public class APCreditAdjustment : APAdjustment { public APCreditAdjustment(){ and this my Data access : public IList<APAdjustment> GetByNameAll() { ICriteria criteria = Nhibernatesession.CreateCriteria(typeof(APAdjustment)); return criteria.List<APAdjustment>() ; } My Problem is : when i load data with gridview ...it works...but i change the property to autogenerate="true" ...i missing "PurchaseInvoice" field...and i change to bind manually,and it works..when i edit that gridview ...i get this error... Initializing[AP.Core.Domain.AccountPayable.APInvoice#API03/04/2010/001]-Could not initialize proxy - no Session so then i change my xml ...lazy="no-proxy" ...it still work...but when edit again ...i get error again ..and i do "Comment out the selected lines" to my association "Many-to-one"...i really works it..but that's not i want... CAN ANYBODY HELP ME...??Plizz...:( Note : I almost forget it ,i use fluent hibernate to generate to database.From fluent Hibernate ..i put *.xml file ...so i'm work to xml NHibernate...not fluent hibernate thing...:)

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  • Django Formset management-form validation error

    - by gramware
    I have a form and a formset on my template. The problem is that the formset is throwing validation error claiming that the management form is "missing or has been tampered with". Here is my view @login_required def home(request): user = UserProfile.objects.get(pk=request.session['_auth_user_id']) blogz = list(blog.objects.filter(deleted='0')) delblog = modelformset_factory(blog, exclude=('poster','date' ,'title','content')) if request.user.is_staff== True: staff = 1 else: staff = 0 staffis = 1 if request.method == 'POST': delblogformset = delblog(request.POST) if delblogformset.is_valid(): delblogformset.save() return HttpResponseRedirect('/home') else: delblogformset = delblog(queryset=blog.objects.filter( deleted='0')) blogform = BlogForm(request.POST) if blogform.is_valid(): blogform.save() return HttpResponseRedirect('/home') else: blogform = BlogForm(initial = {'poster':user.id}) blogs= zip(blogz,delblogformset.forms) paginator = Paginator(blogs, 10) # Show 25 contacts per page # Make sure page request is an int. If not, deliver first page. try: page = int(request.GET.get('page', '1')) except ValueError: page = 1 # If page request (9999) is out of range, deliver last page of results. try: blogs = paginator.page(page) except (EmptyPage, InvalidPage): blogs = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages) return render_to_response('home.html', {'user':user, 'blogform':blogform, 'staff': staff, 'staffis': staffis, 'blog':blogs, 'delblog':delblogformset}, context_instance = RequestContext( request )) my template {%block content%} <h2>Home</h2> {% ifequal staff staffis %} {% if form.errors %} <ul> {% for field in form %} <H3 class="title"> <p class="error"> {% if field.errors %}<li>{{ field.errors|striptags }}</li>{% endif %}</p> </H3> {% endfor %} </ul> {% endif %} <h3>Post a Blog to the Front Page</h3> <form method="post" id="form2" action="" class="infotabs accfrm"> {{ blogform.as_p }} <input type="submit" value="Submit" /> </form> <br> <br> {% endifequal %} <div class="pagination"> <span class="step-links"> {% if blog.has_previous %} <a href="?page={{ blog.previous_page_number }}">previous</a> {% endif %} <span class="current"> Page {{ blog.number }} of {{ blog.paginator.num_pages }}. </span> {% if blog.has_next %} <a href="?page={{ blog.next_page_number }}">next</a> {% endif %} </span> <form method="post" action="" class="usertabs accfrm"> {{delblog.management_form}} {% for b, form in blog.object_list %} <div class="blog"> <h3>{{b.title}}</h3> <p>{{b.content}}</p> <p>posted by <strong>{{b.poster}}</strong> on {{b.date}}</p> {% ifequal staff staffis %}<p>{{form.as_p}}<input type="submit" value="Delete" /></p>{% endifequal %} </div> {% endfor %} </form> {%endblock%}

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  • the data can't display in the form....

    - by shimaTun
    i wrote code to view data after user fill the form...but the data can't display.... this the code : <?php include "connectioncomplaint.php"; $userid = $_GET['userid']; $secname = $_GET['secname']; $subject = $_GET['subject']; $comment = $_GET['comment']; //Tarik data dari sini $queryDetail = " SELECT * FROM campuscomplaint " . " WHERE userid = '". $userid . "' AND secname = '". secname . "' "; $resultDetail = mysql_query($queryDetail); $detail = mysql_fetch_array($resultDetail); ?> and this code for form: <tr> <td height="400" colspan="7" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> <table width="67%" align="center" border="1" bordercolor="#ABD519" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2"> <tr bordercolor="#0000FF" bgcolor="#000033"> <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" bgcolor="#ABD519"> --- Complaint Detail --- &nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr bordercolor="#FFFFFF"> <td width="40%" class="register">User ID:</td> <td width="62%" class="register"><?php echo $detail['userid']; ?></td></tr> <tr bordercolor="#FFFFFF"> <td width="40%" class="register">Section Name:</td> <td width="62%" class="register"><?php echo $detail['secname']; ?></td></tr> <tr> <td width="40%" bordercolor="#FFFFFF" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" class="register">Subject:</td> <td width="62%" bordercolor="#FFFFFF" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" class="register"><?php echo $detail['subject']; ?></td></tr> <tr> <td width="40%" bordercolor="#FFFFFF" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" class="register">Comment:</td> <td width="62%" bordercolor="#FFFFFF" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" class="register"><?php echo $detail['comment']; ?></td></tr> <tr bordercolor="#0000FF" bgcolor="#ABD519"> <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="top">&nbsp;</td> </tr> </table> how to view data from dbase?.... help me...

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  • Moose and error messages, the sun and the moon [closed]

    - by xxxxxxx
    So again using Moose I write a role like this: package My::Role; use Moose::Role; use Some::Class::Consuming::My::Role; With the note that Some::Class::Consuming::My::Role consumes the role My::Role; And what do I get ? I get an error message like this: A role generator is required to generate roles at /usr/local/share/perl/5.10.0/MooseX/Role/Parameterized/Meta/Role/Parameterizable.pm line 79 MooseX::Role::Parameterized::Meta::Role::Parameterizable::generate_role('MooseX::Role::Parameterized::Meta::Role::Parameterizable=HASH...', 'consumer', 'Moose::Meta::Class=HASH(0x894e540)', 'parameters', 'HASH(0x86fc1e0)') called at /usr/local/share/perl/5.10.0/MooseX/Role/Parameterized/Meta/Role/Parameterizable.pm line 116 MooseX::Role::Parameterized::Meta::Role::Parameterizable::apply('MooseX::Role::Parameterized::Meta::Role::Parameterizable=HASH...', 'Moose::Meta::Class=HASH(0x894e540)', 'element_type', 'Tuple') called at /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.0/Moose/Util.pm line 132 Moose::Util::_apply_all_roles('Moose::Meta::Class=HASH(0x894e540)', undef, 'Stuff', 'HASH(0x894e1d0)') called at /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.0/Moose/Util.pm line 86 Moose::Util::apply_all_roles('Moose::Meta::Class=HASH(0x894e540)', 'Stuff', 'HASH(0x894e1d0)') called at /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.0/Moose.pm line 57 Moose::with('Moose::Meta::Class=HASH(0x894e540)', 'Group', 'HASH(0x894e1d0)') called at /usr/local/lib/perl/5.10.0/Moose/Exporter.pm line 293 Moose::with('Group', 'HASH(0x894e1d0)') called at Some_path_on_disk line 6 require Some_other_path_on_disk called at Some_path_on_disk line 9 Group::BEGIN() called at Yet_another_path_on_disk line 0 eval {...} called at Yet_another_path_on_disk line 0 Compilation failed in require at some_path_on_disk line 9. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at some_path_on_disk line 9. What am I to make of this ? As Dijkstra would concisely describe, this looks like "just a meaningless concatenation of words"(which is exactly what it is). Would a more appropriate error message be "You cannot use a class consuming the role that you are currently defining " ? What does the error message try to convey ? Can the author make the error message meaningful ? Will he ever make it so ? maybe this can be planned for version 3.14159265358979323846 ? In actuality I get one and a half pages of error which is completely unreadable and devoid of any logic or sense of respect for the user that is using Moose (in terms of intuitive error messages) just like the one above. What's to be done in this case ? I mean I get on my screen these error messages that are sometimes completely unrelated to the problem that I'm having (which I can assess after solving the problems that probably caused them, I say probably becuase I have no idea where these error messages came from because they look like they fell from the sky as they have no relation to the actual situation). Is this: the inexplicable dramatic destiny of the Perl programmer using Moose ? someone being extremely lazy and sloppy at writing error messages ? maybe on heavy drugs ? me not understanding basic english ? Gentlemen, when writing software, please please please, take care of the poor programmer that will use it and respect him by writing relevant error messages. (Except for error messages Moose is a pretty good piece of software)

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  • jquery.ui sortable using a table and item:tr , placeholder difficulties

    - by greg
    Hi I would really like to give some sortable goodness to the myriad old tables I have created. A little work has a proof of concept behaving ok. My one sticking point is that the placeholder does not work at all in IE 7 when using item:TR . It works OK in FF. I can make an perform correctly. It seems to be specific to tables and Any ideas, I have been running through forums, not seeing a lot of people using sortable with tables. <style type="text/css"> .dndPlaceHolder { background-color:Red ; color:Red; height: 20px; line-height:30px; border: solid 2px black; } .dndItem { background-color: #c0c0c0; border:solid 1px black; padding:5px; } </style> <script type="text/javascript" > $(function() { $("#myTable").sortable( { placeholder:'dndPlaceHolder', distance:15, items:'tr', forcePlaceholderSize:true, change : dndChange, update : dndUpdate } ); $("#myTable").disableSelection(); $("#myList").sortable( { placeholder:'dndPlaceHolder', distance:15, items:'li', forcePlaceholderSize:true, change : dndChange, update : dndUpdate } ); $("#myList").disableSelection(); }); function dndChange(event,ui){ } function dndUpdate(event,ui){ var msg = ''; } </script> <table id='myTable' > <tr class='dndItem' id='1'> <td>0 Active - Active</td> </tr> <tr class='dndItem' id='2'> <td>1 Closed - Closed</td> </tr> <tr class='dndItem' id='3'> <td>2 OnHold - On Hold</td> </tr> <tr class='dndItem' id='4'> <td>3 Pending - Pending</td> </tr> </table> <BR> <UL id='myList' > <li class='dndItem' id='1'>0 Active - Active</li> <li class='dndItem' id='2'>1 Closed - Closed</li> <li class='dndItem' id='3'>2 OnHold - On Hold</li> <li class='dndItem' id='4'>3 Pending - Pending</li> </ul>

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  • CSS Rollover button bug

    - by Nick
    Hi Everyone, I'm trying to create a drop down button and its almost working except one little bug. I have several big buttons that change background color when the user hovers over them and one of them, the language button, displays several suboptions inside itself when the user hovers over it. That all works fine except the language button doesn't change its background color when the user hovers over it. It does change its color if the cursor is just inside the button but not if it touches the 3 sub options. What i need is a technique or a rule that states that the button will change background color if user hovers over it or if the user hovers over one of its children elements. How do I achieve this? Here's the markup: <ul> <li><a href="/home/" title="Go to the Home page" class="current"><span>Home</span></a></li> <li><a href="/about-us/" title="Go to the About Us page" class="link"><span>About us</span></a></li> <li><a href="/products/" title="Go to the Products page" class="link"><span>Products</span></a></li> <li><a href="/services/" title="Go to the Services page" class="link"><span>Services</span></a></li> <li><a href="/news/" title="Go to the News page" class="link"><span>News</span></a></li> <li><a href="/dealers/" title="Go to the Dealers page" class="link"><span>Dealers</span></a></li> <li id="Rollover"><a href="" title="select language" class="link"><span>Language</span></a> <ul> <li><a href="/english/">English</a></li> <li><a href="/french/">French</a></li> <li><a href="/spanish/">Spanish</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/contact-us/" title="Go to the contacts page" class="link"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> Thanks in advance!

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  • use Services in MVVM

    - by netmajor
    I want to use Services(WCF/RIA /Web) to take data from Entity Data Model class (maybe NHibernate class) and prepared it special for View layer binding. I have few Silverlight page, so should I create for each page separate service class ? Or create one interface and all method will implement it in one service class? Do You have some advice helped with my with services ?

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  • Difficulty getting Saxon into XQuery mode instead of XSLT

    - by Rosarch
    I'm having difficulty getting XQuery to work. I downloaded Saxon-HE 9.2. It seems to only want to work with XSLT. When I type: java -jar saxon9he.jar I get back usage information for XSLT. When I use the command syntax for XQuery, it doesn't recognize the parameters (like -q), and gives XSLT usage information. Here are some command line interactions: >java -jar saxon9he.jar No source file name Saxon-HE 9.2.0.6J from Saxonica Usage: see http://www.saxonica.com/documentation/using-xsl/commandline.html Options: -a Use xml-stylesheet PI, not -xsl argument -c:filename Use compiled stylesheet from file -config:filename Use configuration file -cr:classname Use collection URI resolver class -dtd:on|off Validate using DTD -expand:on|off Expand defaults defined in schema/DTD -explain[:filename] Display compiled expression tree -ext:on|off Allow|Disallow external Java functions -im:modename Initial mode -ief:class;class;... List of integrated extension functions -it:template Initial template -l:on|off Line numbering for source document -m:classname Use message receiver class -now:dateTime Set currentDateTime -o:filename Output file or directory -opt:0..10 Set optimization level (0=none, 10=max) -or:classname Use OutputURIResolver class -outval:recover|fatal Handling of validation errors on result document -p:on|off Recognize URI query parameters -r:classname Use URIResolver class -repeat:N Repeat N times for performance measurement -s:filename Initial source document -sa Use schema-aware processing -strip:all|none|ignorable Strip whitespace text nodes -t Display version and timing information -T[:classname] Use TraceListener class -TJ Trace calls to external Java functions -tree:tiny|linked Select tree model -traceout:file|#null Destination for fn:trace() output -u Names are URLs not filenames -val:strict|lax Validate using schema -versionmsg:on|off Warn when using XSLT 1.0 stylesheet -warnings:silent|recover|fatal Handling of recoverable errors -x:classname Use specified SAX parser for source file -xi:on|off Expand XInclude on all documents -xmlversion:1.0|1.1 Version of XML to be handled -xsd:file;file.. Additional schema documents to be loaded -xsdversion:1.0|1.1 Version of XML Schema to be used -xsiloc:on|off Take note of xsi:schemaLocation -xsl:filename Stylesheet file -y:classname Use specified SAX parser for stylesheet --feature:value Set configuration feature (see FeatureKeys) -? Display this message param=value Set stylesheet string parameter +param=filename Set stylesheet document parameter ?param=expression Set stylesheet parameter using XPath !option=value Set serialization option >java -jar saxon9he.jar -q:"..\w3xQueryTut.xq" Unknown option -q:..\w3xQueryTut.xq Saxon-HE 9.2.0.6J from Saxonica Usage: see http://www.saxonica.com/documentation/using-xsl/commandline.html Options: -a Use xml-stylesheet PI, not -xsl argument // etc... >java net.sf.saxon.Query -q:"..\w3xQueryTut.xq" Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: net/sf/saxon/Query Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: net.sf.saxon.Query // etc... Could not find the main class: net.sf.saxon.Query. Program will exit. I'm probably making some stupid mistake. Do you know what it could be?

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  • css - get rid of spaces between spans

    - by opensas
    I'm trying to emulate a tab bar with html I'd like the width of each tab to be set according to the text lenght (that is, no fixed width) and to word wrap in case it exceeds the screen width I've almost achieved it <html> <head> <style type="text/css"> #myTabs .tab { float: left; } #myTabs .tab_middle { margin: 0; padding: 0; border: none; background-image:url('images/tabs/tab_middle.png'); } #myTabs .tab_left { margin: 0; padding: 0; border: none; background-image:url('images/tabs/tab_left.png'); } #myTabs .tab_right { margin: 0; padding: 0; border: none; background-image:url('images/tabs/tab_right.png'); } </style> </head> <body> <div id="myTabs"> <div class='tab'> <span class='tab_left'>&nbsp;</span> <span class='tab_middle'>very very looong</span> <span class='tab_right'>&nbsp;</span> </div> <div class='tab'> <span class='tab_left'>&nbsp;</span> <span class='tab_middle'>another loooong tab</span> <span class='tab_right'>&nbsp;</span> </div> <div style='clear:both'></div> </div> </body> </html> but, there's a very annoying space between the opening tab image and the closing one... as you can see I've tried with padding, spacin, and border, with no luck... any idea? thanks a lot saludos sas -- edit I tried replacing the spans with a small table (one row, three TDs) but it's the same, only the space between is smaller...

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  • Rational Application Developer (RAD) 7.5+ and websphere runtime will not pick up jars from projects

    - by Berlin Brown
    With RAD Version: 7.5.3, Java 1.5. I have a couple of different projects. I needed to break out the java code and turn the *.class files into a jar. So basically, same *.class files I just removed the code and then jarred the class files into a jar. I broke the classes into a jar and then included the jar in the project. And I also did an order/export on the jar so that other projects can see the jar. At this point, ideally my project should not have changed because I am using class files in a jar instead of the java code. When I visit my web application in websphere, I get class not found errors on the classes that are now in the jar. Project Structure: A. Project earApp -- will need the webapp B. Project webapp -- will need the project (no jar files or *.java files are found in this project) C. Project javasrc -- the java source and the NEW JAR file are found here. I don't think websphere is acknowledging the jar. Here is the error: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com.MyApp at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClassImpl(Native Method) at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:258) at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:151) at com.ibm.ws.classloader.CompoundClassLoader._defineClass(CompoundClassLoader.java:675) at com.ibm.ws.classloader.CompoundClassLoader.findClass(CompoundClassLoader.java:614) at com.ibm.ws.classloader.CompoundClassLoader.loadClass(CompoundClassLoader.java:431) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:597) at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethodsImpl(Native Method) at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods(Class.java:664) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.annotation.data.ScannedAnnotationData.collectMethodAnnotations(ScannedAnnotationData.java:130) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.annotation.data.ScannedAnnotationData.<init>(ScannedAnnotationData.java:47) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.annotation.AnnotationScanner.scanClass(AnnotationScanner.java:61) at com.ibm.ws.wswebcontainer.webapp.WebApp.processRuntimeAnnotationHelpers(WebApp.java:711) at com.ibm.ws.wswebcontainer.webapp.WebApp.populateJavaNameSpace(WebApp.java:624) at com.ibm.ws.wswebcontainer.webapp.WebApp.initialize(WebApp.java:289) at com.ibm.ws.wswebcontainer.webapp.WebGroup.addWebApplication(WebGroup.java:93) at com.ibm.ws.wswebcontainer.VirtualHost.addWebApplication(VirtualHost.java:162) at com.ibm.ws.wswebcontainer.WebContainer.addWebApp(WebContainer.java:671) at com.ibm.ws.wswebcontainer.WebContainer.addWebApplication(WebContainer.java:624) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.component.WebContainerImpl.install(WebContainerImpl.java:395) at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.component.WebContainerImpl.start(WebContainerImpl.java:611) at com.ibm.ws.runtime.component.ApplicationMgrImpl.start(ApplicationMgrImpl.java:1274) at com.ibm.ws.runtime.component.DeployedApplicationImpl.fireDeployedObjectStart(DeployedApplicationImpl.java:1165) at com.ibm.ws.runtime.component.DeployedModuleImpl.start(DeployedModuleImpl.java:587) at com.ibm.ws.runtime.component.DeployedApplicationImpl.start(DeployedApplicationImpl.java:832) at com.ibm.ws.runtime.component.ApplicationMgrImpl.startApplication(ApplicationMgrImpl.java:921) at com.ibm.ws.runtime.component.ApplicationMgrImpl$AppInitializer.run(ApplicationMgrImpl.java:2124) at com.ibm.wsspi.runtime.component.WsComponentImpl$_AsynchInitializer.run(WsComponentImpl.java:342) at com.ibm.ws.util.ThreadPool$Worker.run(ThreadPool.java:1497) What do you think I need to do?

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  • IE8 positioning, nightmare!

    - by Kyle Sevenoaks
    Well hi, guess what, I have an IE positioning issue! This is in 8, so god know what's going on in the other versions (checking later) Both the boxes call the same class, why is IE being so difficult? Here's how it's meant to look: And here's how it does look: CSS: (removed comments for ease of reading) div .roundbigboxkunde { background-image:url(../../upload/EW_kunde_info.png); background-position:top center; padding:10px; padding-top:10px; padding-bottom:20px; width:560px; height:1%; border-width:1px; border-color:#dddddd; border-radius:10px; -moz-border-radius:10px; -webkit-border-radius:10px; z-index:1; position:relative; overflow:hidden; } div .roundbigboxkundei { margin-top:10px; padding:10px; padding-top:10px; padding-bottom:10px; width:760px; height:1%; position:relative; overflow:hidden; And HTML: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <div class="roundbigboxkunde"> <div class="roundbigboxkundei"> <p id="nyk">&nbsp;</p> <div id="bg_box2"></div> <p class="required"> <label for="billing_firstName"><span class="label">Fornavn:</span></label> <fieldset class="error"><input name="billing_firstName" class="text" type="text" value="Kyle"/> <div class="errorText hidden"></div> </fieldset> </p> CONTENT CONTINUES </fieldset> Here is the page

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  • Django ModelForm for Many-to-Many fields

    - by theycallmemorty
    Consider the following models and form: class Pizza(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=50) class Topping(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=50) ison = models.ManyToManyField(Pizza, blank=True) class ToppingForm(forms.ModelForm): class Meta: model = Topping When you view the ToppingForm it lets you choose what pizzas the toppings go on and everything is just dandy. My questions is: How do I define a ModelForm for Pizza that lets me take advantage of the Many-to-Many relationship between Pizza and Topping and lets me choose what Toppings go on the Pizza?

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  • Empty constructor or no constructor

    - by Ram
    Hi, I think it is not mandatory to have a default constructor in a class (C#). So in that situation shall I have a empty constructor in the class or I can skip it? Is it a best practice to have a default empty constructor? Class test { test() { } ...... } or Class test { ...... }

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  • Odd behavior in Django Form (readonly field/widget)

    - by jamida
    I'm having a problem with a test app I'm writing to verify some Django functionality. The test app is a small "grade book" application that is currently using Alex Gaynor's readonly field functionality http://lazypython.blogspot.com/2008/12/building-read-only-field-in-django.html There are 2 problems which may be related. First, when I flop the comment on these 2 lines below: # myform = GradeForm(data=request.POST, instance=mygrade) myform = GradeROForm(data=request.POST, instance=mygrade) it works like I expect, except of course that the student field is changeable. When the comments are the shown way, the "studentId" field is displayed as a number (not the name, problem 1) and when I hit submit I get an error saying that studentId needs to be a Student instance. I'm at a loss as to how to fix this. I'm not wedded to Alex Gaynor's code. ANY code will work. I'm relatively new to both Python and Django, so the hints I've seen on websites that say "making a read-only field is easy" are still beyond me. // models.py class Student(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=50) parent = models.CharField(max_length=50) def __unicode__(self): return self.name class Grade(models.Model): studentId = models.ForeignKey(Student) finalGrade = models.CharField(max_length=3) # testbed.grades.readonly is alex gaynor's code from testbed.grades.readonly import ReadOnlyField class GradeROForm(ModelForm): studentId = ReadOnlyField() class Meta: model=Grade class GradeForm(ModelForm): class Meta: model=Grade // views.py def modifyGrade(request,student): student = Student.objects.get(name=student) mygrade = Grade.objects.get(studentId=student) if request.method == "POST": # myform = GradeForm(data=request.POST, instance=mygrade) myform = GradeROForm(data=request.POST, instance=mygrade) if myform.is_valid(): grade = myform.save() info = "successfully updated %s" % grade.studentId else: # myform=GradeForm(instance=mygrade) myform=GradeROForm(instance=mygrade) return render_to_response('grades/modifyGrade.html',locals()) // template <p>{{ info }}</p> <form method="POST" action=""> <table> {{ myform.as_table }} </table> <input type="submit" value="Submit"> </form> // Alex Gaynor's code from django import forms from django.utils.html import escape from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe from django.forms.util import flatatt class ReadOnlyWidget(forms.Widget): def render(self, name, value, attrs): final_attrs = self.build_attrs(attrs, name=name) if hasattr(self, 'initial'): value = self.initial return mark_safe("<span %s>%s</span>" % (flatatt(final_attrs), escape(value) or '')) def _has_changed(self, initial, data): return False class ReadOnlyField(forms.FileField): widget = ReadOnlyWidget def __init__(self, widget=None, label=None, initial=None, help_text=None): forms.Field.__init__(self, label=label, initial=initial, help_text=help_text, widget=widget) def clean(self, value, initial): self.widget.initial = initial return initial

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  • CSS drop-down menus pushing page content down

    - by Mason Jones
    This is probably (hopefully) a pretty simple question, but I can't seem to get it to work so I'll turn to the experts here. I'm using a pretty straightforward CSS drop-down menu, with just a little JQuery involved. The issue is that when I hover over the drop-down and it opens, it's pushing everything on the page down below it rather then opening over it. I've tried messing with the z-index but that doesn't seem to be the issue. Any tips would be fantastic, thanks in advance. Here's the HTML; sorry it's not super-pretty, I had to rip out a bunch of stuff to make it simple and generic. <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <HTML style="zoom: 100%; "> <HEAD> <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.0/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> </HEAD> <BODY class="bodyclass" style="background:#BCE2F1; height: 100%;"> <DIV id="maincontainer" style="min-height: 100%;"> <STYLE type="text/css"> #cssdropdown, #cssdropdown ul { font-size: 9pt; background-color: black; list-style: none; } #cssdropdown, #cssdropdown * { padding: 0; margin: 0; } #cssdropdown li.headlink { width: 140px; float: left; margin-left: -1px; border: 1px black solid; background-color: white; text-align: center; } #cssdropdown li.headlink a { display: block; color: #339804; padding: 3px; text-decoration: none; } #cssdropdown li.headlink a:hover { background-color: #F8E0AC; font-weight: bold; } #cssdropdown li.headlink ul { display: none; border-top: 1px black solid; text-align: left; } #cssdropdown li.headlink:hover ul { display: block; text-decoration: none; } #cssdropdown li.headlink ul li a { padding: 5px; height: 15px; } #cssdropdown li.headlink ul li a:hover { background-color: #CCE9F5; text-decoration: none; font-weight: normal; } /* #cssdropdown a { color: #CCE9F5; } */ #cssdropdown ul li a:hover { text-decoration: none; } #cssdropdown li.headlink { background-color: white; } #cssdropdown li.headlink ul { background-color: white; background-position: bottom; padding-bottom: 2px; } </STYLE> <SCRIPT language="JavaScript"> $(document).ready(function(){ $('#cssdropdown li.headlink').hover( function() { $('ul', this).css('display', 'block'); }, function() { $('ul', this).css('display', 'none'); }); }); </SCRIPT> <DIV class="navigation_box" style="border: none;"> <DIV class="innercontent"> <DIV style="background: white; float: left; padding: 5px; border: solid 1px black;"> LOGO </DIV> <DIV class="navmenu" style="float: right; bottom: 0; font-size: 9pt; text-align: right;"> <SPAN>Logged in as [email protected]</SPAN><BR> <UL id="cssdropdown"> <LI class="headlink"> <A href="http://localhost:3000/one">One</A> <UL style="display: none; "> <LI><A href="http://localhost:3000/one">Option One</A></LI> <LI><A href="http://localhost:3000/one">Option Two</A></LI> <LI><A href="http://localhost:3000/one">Option Three</A></LI> <LI><A href="http://localhost:3000/one">Option Four</A></LI> </UL> </LI> <LI class="headlink"> <A href="http://localhost:3000/two">Two</A> <UL style="display: none; "> <LI><A href="http://localhost:3000/two">Option Two-One</A></LI> <LI><A href="http://localhost:3000/two">Option Two-Two</A></LI> <LI><A href="http://localhost:3000/two">Option Two-Three</A></LI> </UL> </LI> <LI class="headlink" style="width: 80px;"> <A href="http://localhost:3000/three">Three</A> </LI> <LI class="headlink" style="width: 300px; padding-top: 2px; height: 19px;"> <FORM action="http://localhost:3000/search" method="post"> <P> Search: <INPUT id="searchwords" name="searchwords" size="20" type="text" value=""> <INPUT name="commit" type="submit" value="Find"> </P> </FORM> </LI> <LI class="headlink" style="width: 60px;"> <A href="http://localhost:3000/four">Four</A> </LI> <LI class="headlink" style="width: 60px;"> <A href="http://localhost:3000/logout">Logout</A> </LI> </UL> </DIV> </DIV> </DIV> <DIV id="contentwrapper" style="clear:both"> <DIV class="innercontent" style="margin: 0px 20px 20px 20px;"> <H1>Some test content here to fill things out a little bit.</H1> </DIV> </DIV> </DIV> <DIV id="footer" style="clear: both; float: bottom;"> <DIV class="innercontent" style="font-size: 10px;"> Copyright 2008-2010 </DIV> </DIV> </BODY>

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  • how to organise my abstraction?

    - by DaveM
    I have a problem that I can't decide how to best handle, so I'm asking for advice. Please bear with me if my question isn't clear, it is possiblybecause I'm not sure exacly how to solve! I have a set of function that I have in a class. These function are a set of lowest commonality. To be able to run this I need to generate certain info. But this info can arrive with my class from one of 2 routes. I'll try to summarise my situation.... Lets say that I have a class as follows. public class onHoliday(){ private Object modeOfTravel; private Object location; public onHoliday(Object vehicle, Location GPScoords) { private boolean haveFun(){//function to have fun, needs 4 people }//end haveFun() } } Lets imagine I can get to my holiday either by car or by bike. my haveFun() function is dependant my type of vehicle. But only loosely. I have another function that determines my vehicle type, and extracts the required values. for example if I send a car I may get 4 people in one go, but if I send I bike I need at least 2 to get the required 4 I have currently 2 options: Overload my constructor, so as I can send either 2 bikes or a single car into it, then I can call one of 2 intermediate functions (to get the names of my 4 people for instance) before I haveFun() - this is what I am currently doing. split the 2 constructors into 2 separate classes, and repeat my haveFun() in a third class, that becomes an object of my 2 other classes. my problem with this is that my intermediate functions are all but a few lines of code, and I don't want to have them in a separate file! (I allways put classes in separate files!) Please note, my haveFun() isn't something that I'm going to need outside of these 2 classes, or even being onHoliday (ie. there is no chance of me doing some haveFun() over a weekend or of an evening!). I have though about putting haveFun() into an interface, but it seems a bit worthless having an interface with only a single method! Even then I would have to have the method in both of the classes -one for bike and another for car! I have thought about having my onHoliday class accepting any object type, but then I don't want someone accidentally sending in a boat to my onHoliday class (imagine I can't swim, so its not about to happen). It may be important to note that my onHoliday class is package private, and final. It in fact is only accessed via other 'private methods' in other classes, and has only private methods itself. Thanks in advance. David

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