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  • Launch market place with id of an application that doesn't exist in the android market place

    - by Gaurav
    Hi, I am creating an application that checks the installation of a package and then launches the market-place with its id. When I try to launch market place with id of an application say com.mybrowser.android by throwing an intent android.intent.action.VIEW with url: market://details?id=com.mybrowser.android, the market place application does launches but crashes after launch. Note: the application com.mybrowser.android doesn't exists in the market-place. MyApplication is my application. $ adb logcat I/ActivityManager( 1030): Starting activity: Intent { act=android.intent.action.MAIN cat=[android.intent.category.LAUNCHER] flg=0x10200000 cmp=myapp.testapp/.MyApplication } I/ActivityManager( 1030): Start proc myapp.testapp for activity myapp.testapp/.MyApplication: pid=3858 uid=10047 gids={1015, 3003} I/MyApplication( 3858): [ Activity CREATED ] I/MyApplication( 3858): [ Activity STARTED ] I/MyApplication( 3858): onResume D/dalvikvm( 1109): GC freed 6571 objects / 423480 bytes in 73ms I/MyApplication( 3858): Pressed OK button I/MyApplication( 3858): Broadcasting Intent: android.intent.action.VIEW, data: market://details?id=com.mybrowser.android I/ActivityManager( 1030): Starting activity: Intent { act=android.intent.action.VIEW dat=market://details?id=com.mybrowser.android flg=0x10000000 cmp=com.android.ven ding/.AssetInfoActivity } I/MyApplication( 3858): onPause I/ActivityManager( 1030): Start proc com.android.vending for activity com.android.vending/.AssetInfoActivity: pid=3865 uid=10023 gids={3003} I/ActivityThread( 3865): Publishing provider com.android.vending.SuggestionsProvider: com.android.vending.SuggestionsProvider D/dalvikvm( 1030): GREF has increased to 701 I/vending ( 3865): com.android.vending.api.RadioHttpClient$1.handleMessage(): Handle DATA_STATE_CHANGED event: NetworkInfo: type: WIFI[], state: CONNECTED/CO NNECTED, reason: (unspecified), extra: (none), roaming: false, failover: false, isAvailable: true I/ActivityManager( 1030): Displayed activity com.android.vending/.AssetInfoActivity: 609 ms (total 7678 ms) D/dalvikvm( 1030): GC freed 10458 objects / 676440 bytes in 128ms I/MyApplication( 3858): [ Activity STOPPED ] D/dalvikvm( 3865): GC freed 3538 objects / 254008 bytes in 84ms W/dalvikvm( 3865): threadid=19: thread exiting with uncaught exception (group=0x4001b180) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): Uncaught handler: thread AsyncTask #1 exiting due to uncaught exception E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): java.lang.RuntimeException: An error occured while executing doInBackground() E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at android.os.AsyncTask$3.done(AsyncTask.java:200) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerSetException(FutureTask.java:273) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.setException(FutureTask.java:124) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:307) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:137) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1068) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:561) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:1096) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at com.android.vending.AssetItemAdapter$ReloadLocalAssetInformationTask.doInBackground(AssetItemAdapter.java:845) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at com.android.vending.AssetItemAdapter$ReloadLocalAssetInformationTask.doInBackground(AssetItemAdapter.java:831) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at android.os.AsyncTask$2.call(AsyncTask.java:185) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:305) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): ... 4 more I/Process ( 1030): Sending signal. PID: 3865 SIG: 3 I/dalvikvm( 3865): threadid=7: reacting to signal 3 I/dalvikvm( 3865): Wrote stack trace to '/data/anr/traces.txt' I/DumpStateReceiver( 1030): Added state dump to 1 crashes D/AndroidRuntime( 3865): Shutting down VM W/dalvikvm( 3865): threadid=3: thread exiting with uncaught exception (group=0x4001b180) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): Uncaught handler: thread main exiting due to uncaught exception E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): java.lang.NullPointerException E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at com.android.vending.controller.AssetInfoActivityController.getIdDeferToLocal(AssetInfoActivityController.java:637) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at com.android.vending.AssetInfoActivity.displayAssetInfo(AssetInfoActivity.java:556) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at com.android.vending.AssetInfoActivity.access$800(AssetInfoActivity.java:74) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at com.android.vending.AssetInfoActivity$LoadAssetInfoAction$1.run(AssetInfoActivity.java:917) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:587) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:92) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4363) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:860) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:618) E/AndroidRuntime( 3865): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) I/Process ( 1030): Sending signal. PID: 3865 SIG: 3 W/ActivityManager( 1030): Process com.android.vending has crashed too many times: killing! D/ActivityManager( 1030): Force finishing activity com.android.vending/.AssetInfoActivity I/dalvikvm( 3865): threadid=7: reacting to signal 3 D/ActivityManager( 1030): Force removing process ProcessRecord{44e48548 3865:com.android.vending/10023} (com.android.vending/10023) However, when I try to launch the market place for a package that exists in the market place say com.opera.mini.android, everything works. Log for this case: D/dalvikvm( 966): GC freed 2781 objects / 195056 bytes in 99ms I/MyApplication( 1165): Pressed OK button I/MyApplication( 1165): Broadcasting Intent: android.intent.action.VIEW, data: market://details?id=com.opera.mini.android I/ActivityManager( 78): Starting activity: Intent { act=android.intent.action.VIEW dat=market://details?id=com.opera.mini.android flg=0x10000000 cmp=com.android.vending/.AssetInfoActivity } I/AndroidRuntime( 1165): AndroidRuntime onExit calling exit(0) I/WindowManager( 78): WIN DEATH: Window{44c72308 myapp.testapp/myapp.testapp.MyApplication paused=true} I/ActivityManager( 78): Process myapp.testapp (pid 1165) has died. I/WindowManager( 78): WIN DEATH: Window{44c72958 myapp.testapp/myapp.testapp.MyApplication paused=false} D/dalvikvm( 78): GC freed 31778 objects / 1796368 bytes in 142ms I/ActivityManager( 78): Displayed activity com.android.vending/.AssetInfoActivity: 214 ms (total 22866 ms) W/KeyCharacterMap( 978): No keyboard for id 65540 W/KeyCharacterMap( 978): Using default keymap: /system/usr/keychars/qwerty.kcm.bin V/RenderScript_jni( 966): surfaceCreated V/RenderScript_jni( 966): surfaceChanged V/RenderScript( 966): setSurface 480 762 0x573430 D/ViewFlipper( 966): updateRunning() mVisible=true, mStarted=true, mUserPresent=true, mRunning=true D/dalvikvm( 978): GC freed 10065 objects / 624440 bytes in 95ms Any ideas? Thanks in advance!

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  • setup L2TP on Ubuntu 10.10

    - by luca
    I'm following this guide to setup a VPS on my Ubuntu VPS: http://riobard.com/blog/2010-04-30-l2tp-over-ipsec-ubuntu/ My config files are setup as in that guide, openswan version is 2.6.26 I think.. It doesn't work, I can show you my auth.log (on the VPS): Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: packet from 93.36.127.12:500: received Vendor ID payload [RFC 3947] method set to=109 Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: packet from 93.36.127.12:500: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike] method set to=110 Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: packet from 93.36.127.12:500: ignoring unknown Vendor ID payload [8f8d83826d246b6fc7a8a6a428c11de8] Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: packet from 93.36.127.12:500: ignoring unknown Vendor ID payload [439b59f8ba676c4c7737ae22eab8f582] Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: packet from 93.36.127.12:500: ignoring unknown Vendor ID payload [4d1e0e136deafa34c4f3ea9f02ec7285] Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: packet from 93.36.127.12:500: ignoring unknown Vendor ID payload [80d0bb3def54565ee84645d4c85ce3ee] Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: packet from 93.36.127.12:500: ignoring unknown Vendor ID payload [9909b64eed937c6573de52ace952fa6b] Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: packet from 93.36.127.12:500: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike-03] meth=108, but already using method 110 Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: packet from 93.36.127.12:500: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike-02] meth=107, but already using method 110 Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: packet from 93.36.127.12:500: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike-02_n] meth=106, but already using method 110 Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: packet from 93.36.127.12:500: received Vendor ID payload [Dead Peer Detection] Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[7] 93.36.127.12 #7: responding to Main Mode from unknown peer 93.36.127.12 Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[7] 93.36.127.12 #7: transition from state STATE_MAIN_R0 to state STATE_MAIN_R1 Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[7] 93.36.127.12 #7: STATE_MAIN_R1: sent MR1, expecting MI2 Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[7] 93.36.127.12 #7: NAT-Traversal: Result using draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike (MacOS X): peer is NATed Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[7] 93.36.127.12 #7: transition from state STATE_MAIN_R1 to state STATE_MAIN_R2 Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[7] 93.36.127.12 #7: STATE_MAIN_R2: sent MR2, expecting MI3 Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[7] 93.36.127.12 #7: Main mode peer ID is ID_IPV4_ADDR: '10.0.1.8' Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[7] 93.36.127.12 #7: switched from "L2TP-PSK-NAT" to "L2TP-PSK-NAT" Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[8] 93.36.127.12 #7: deleting connection "L2TP-PSK-NAT" instance with peer 93.36.127.12 {isakmp=#0/ipsec=#0} Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[8] 93.36.127.12 #7: transition from state STATE_MAIN_R2 to state STATE_MAIN_R3 Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[8] 93.36.127.12 #7: new NAT mapping for #7, was 93.36.127.12:500, now 93.36.127.12:36810 Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[8] 93.36.127.12 #7: STATE_MAIN_R3: sent MR3, ISAKMP SA established {auth=OAKLEY_PRESHARED_KEY cipher=oakley_3des_cbc_192 prf=oakley_sha group=modp1024} Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[8] 93.36.127.12 #7: ignoring informational payload, type IPSEC_INITIAL_CONTACT msgid=00000000 Feb 18 06:11:07 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[8] 93.36.127.12 #7: received and ignored informational message Feb 18 06:11:08 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[8] 93.36.127.12 #7: the peer proposed: 69.147.233.173/32:17/1701 -> 10.0.1.8/32:17/0 Feb 18 06:11:08 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[8] 93.36.127.12 #8: responding to Quick Mode proposal {msgid:183463cf} Feb 18 06:11:08 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[8] 93.36.127.12 #8: us: 69.147.233.173<69.147.233.173>[+S=C]:17/1701 Feb 18 06:11:08 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[8] 93.36.127.12 #8: them: 93.36.127.12[10.0.1.8,+S=C]:17/64111===10.0.1.8/32 Feb 18 06:11:08 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[8] 93.36.127.12 #8: transition from state STATE_QUICK_R0 to state STATE_QUICK_R1 Feb 18 06:11:08 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[8] 93.36.127.12 #8: STATE_QUICK_R1: sent QR1, inbound IPsec SA installed, expecting QI2 Feb 18 06:11:08 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[8] 93.36.127.12 #8: transition from state STATE_QUICK_R1 to state STATE_QUICK_R2 Feb 18 06:11:08 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[8] 93.36.127.12 #8: STATE_QUICK_R2: IPsec SA established transport mode {ESP=>0x0b1cf725 <0x0b719671 xfrm=AES_128-HMAC_SHA1 NATOA=none NATD=93.36.127.12:36810 DPD=none} Feb 18 06:11:28 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[8] 93.36.127.12 #7: received Delete SA(0x0b1cf725) payload: deleting IPSEC State #8 Feb 18 06:11:28 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[8] 93.36.127.12 #7: netlink recvfrom() of response to our XFRM_MSG_DELPOLICY message for policy eroute_connection delete was too long: 100 > 36 Feb 18 06:11:28 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[8] 93.36.127.12 #7: netlink recvfrom() of response to our XFRM_MSG_DELPOLICY message for policy [email protected] was too long: 168 > 36 Feb 18 06:11:28 maverick pluto[6909]: | raw_eroute result=0 Feb 18 06:11:28 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[8] 93.36.127.12 #7: received and ignored informational message Feb 18 06:11:28 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[8] 93.36.127.12 #7: received Delete SA payload: deleting ISAKMP State #7 Feb 18 06:11:28 maverick pluto[6909]: "L2TP-PSK-NAT"[8] 93.36.127.12: deleting connection "L2TP-PSK-NAT" instance with peer 93.36.127.12 {isakmp=#0/ipsec=#0} Feb 18 06:11:28 maverick pluto[6909]: packet from 93.36.127.12:36810: received and ignored informational message and my system log on OSX (from where I'm connecting): Feb 18 13:11:09 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro pppd[68656]: pppd 2.4.2 (Apple version 412.3) started by luca, uid 501 Feb 18 13:11:09 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro pppd[68656]: L2TP connecting to server '69.147.233.173' (69.147.233.173)... Feb 18 13:11:09 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro pppd[68656]: IPSec connection started Feb 18 13:11:09 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro racoon[68453]: Connecting. Feb 18 13:11:09 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro racoon[68453]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Main-Mode message 1). Feb 18 13:11:09 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro racoon[68453]: IKE Packet: receive success. (Initiator, Main-Mode message 2). Feb 18 13:11:09 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro racoon[68453]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Main-Mode message 3). Feb 18 13:11:09 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro racoon[68453]: IKE Packet: receive success. (Initiator, Main-Mode message 4). Feb 18 13:11:09 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro racoon[68453]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Main-Mode message 5). Feb 18 13:11:09 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro racoon[68453]: IKEv1 Phase1 AUTH: success. (Initiator, Main-Mode Message 6). Feb 18 13:11:09 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro racoon[68453]: IKE Packet: receive success. (Initiator, Main-Mode message 6). Feb 18 13:11:09 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro racoon[68453]: IKEv1 Phase1 Initiator: success. (Initiator, Main-Mode). Feb 18 13:11:09 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro racoon[68453]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Information message). Feb 18 13:11:09 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro racoon[68453]: IKEv1 Information-Notice: transmit success. (ISAKMP-SA). Feb 18 13:11:10 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro racoon[68453]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Quick-Mode message 1). Feb 18 13:11:10 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro racoon[68453]: IKE Packet: receive success. (Initiator, Quick-Mode message 2). Feb 18 13:11:10 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro racoon[68453]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Quick-Mode message 3). Feb 18 13:11:10 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro racoon[68453]: IKEv1 Phase2 Initiator: success. (Initiator, Quick-Mode). Feb 18 13:11:10 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro racoon[68453]: Connected. Feb 18 13:11:10 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro pppd[68656]: IPSec connection established Feb 18 13:11:30 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro pppd[68656]: L2TP cannot connect to the server Feb 18 13:11:30 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro configd[20]: SCNCController: Disconnecting. (Connection tried to negotiate for, 22 seconds). Feb 18 13:11:30 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro racoon[68453]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Information message). Feb 18 13:11:30 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro racoon[68453]: IKEv1 Information-Notice: transmit success. (Delete IPSEC-SA). Feb 18 13:11:30 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro racoon[68453]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Information message). Feb 18 13:11:30 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro racoon[68453]: IKEv1 Information-Notice: transmit success. (Delete ISAKMP-SA). Feb 18 13:11:31 luca-ciorias-MacBook-Pro racoon[68453]: Disconnecting. (Connection was up for, 20.157953 seconds).

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  • Using Unity – Part 6

    - by nmarun
    This is the last of the ‘Unity’ series and I’ll be talking about generics here. If you’ve been following the previous articles, you must have noticed that I’m just adding more and more ‘Product’ classes to the project. I’ll change that trend in this blog where I’ll be adding an ICaller interface and a Caller class. 1: public interface ICaller<T> where T : IProduct 2: { 3: string CallMethod<T>(string typeName); 4: } 5:  6: public class Caller<T> : ICaller<T> where T:IProduct 7: { 8: public string CallMethod<T>(string typeName) 9: { 10: //... 11: } 12: } We’ll fill-in the implementation of the CallMethod in a few, but first, here’s what we’re going to do: create an instance of the Caller class pass it the IProduct as a generic parameter in the CallMethod method, we’ll use Unity to dynamically create an instance of IProduct implemented object I need to add the config information for ICaller and Caller types. 1: <typeAlias alias="ICaller`1" type="ProductModel.ICaller`1, ProductModel" /> 2: <typeAlias alias="Caller`1" type="ProductModel.Caller`1, ProductModel" /> The .NET Framework’s convention to express generic types is ICaller`1, where the digit following the "`" matches the number of types contained in the generic type. So a generic type that contains 4 types contained in the generic type would be declared as: 1: <typeAlias alias="Caller`4" type="ProductModel.Caller`4, ProductModel" /> On my .aspx page, I have the following UI design: 1: <asp:RadioButton ID="LegacyProduct" Text="Product" runat="server" GroupName="ProductWeb" 2: AutoPostBack="true" OnCheckedChanged="RadioButton_CheckedChanged" /> 3: <br /> 4: <asp:RadioButton ID="NewProduct" Text="Product 2" runat="server" GroupName="ProductWeb" 5: AutoPostBack="true" OnCheckedChanged="RadioButton_CheckedChanged" /> 6: <br /> 7: <asp:RadioButton ID="ComplexProduct" Text="Product 3" runat="server" GroupName="ProductWeb" 8: AutoPostBack="true" OnCheckedChanged="RadioButton_CheckedChanged" /> 9: <br /> 10: <asp:RadioButton ID="ArrayConstructor" Text="Product 4" runat="server" GroupName="ProductWeb" 11: AutoPostBack="true" OnCheckedChanged="RadioButton_CheckedChanged" /> Things to note here are that all these radio buttons belong to the same GroupName => only one of these four can be clicked. Next, all four controls postback to the same ‘OnCheckedChanged’ event and lastly the ID’s point to named types of IProduct (already added to the web.config file). 1: <type type="IProduct" mapTo="Product" name="LegacyProduct" /> 2:  3: <type type="IProduct" mapTo="Product2" name="NewProduct" /> 4:  5: <type type="IProduct" mapTo="Product3" name="ComplexProduct"> 6: ... 7: </type> 8:  9: <type type="IProduct" mapTo="Product4" name="ArrayConstructor"> 10: ... 11: </type> In my calling code, I see which radio button was clicked, pass that as an argument to the CallMethod method. 1: protected void RadioButton_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) 2: { 3: string typeName = ((RadioButton)sender).ID; 4: ICaller<IProduct> caller = unityContainer.Resolve<ICaller<IProduct>>(); 5: productDetailsLabel.Text = caller.CallMethod<IProduct>(typeName); 6: } What’s basically happening here is that the ID of the control gets passed on to the typeName which will be one of “LegacyProduct”, “NewProduct”, “ComplexProduct” or “ArrayConstructor”. I then create an instance of an ICaller and pass the typeName to it. Now, we’ll fill in the blank for the CallMethod method (sorry for the naming guys). 1: public string CallMethod<T>(string typeName) 2: { 3: IUnityContainer unityContainer = HttpContext.Current.Application["UnityContainer"] as IUnityContainer; 4: T productInstance = unityContainer.Resolve<T>(typeName); 5: return ((IProduct)productInstance).WriteProductDetails(); 6: } This is where I’ll resolve the IProduct by passing the type name and calling the WriteProductDetails() method. With all things in place, when I run the application and choose different radio buttons, the output should look something like below:          Basically this is how generics come to play in Unity. Please see the code I’ve used for this here. This marks the end of the ‘Unity’ series. I’ll definitely post any updates that I find, but for now I don’t have anything planned.

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  • Highlight Row in GridView with Colored Columns

    - by Vincent Maverick Durano
    I wrote a blog post a while back before here that demonstrate how to highlight a GridView row on mouseover and as you can see its very easy to highlight rows in GridView. One of my colleague uses the same technique for implemeting gridview row highlighting but the problem is that if a Column has background color on it that cell will not be highlighted anymore. To make it more clear then let's build up a sample application. ASPX:   1: <asp:GridView runat="server" id="GridView1" onrowcreated="GridView1_RowCreated" 2: onrowdatabound="GridView1_RowDataBound"> 3: </asp:GridView>   CODE BEHIND:   1: private DataTable FillData() { 2:   3: DataTable dt = new DataTable(); 4: DataRow dr = null; 5:   6: //Create DataTable columns 7: dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("RowNumber", typeof(string))); 8: dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Col1", typeof(string))); 9: dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Col2", typeof(string))); 10: dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Col3", typeof(string))); 11:   12: //Create Row for each columns 13: dr = dt.NewRow(); 14: dr["RowNumber"] = 1; 15: dr["Col1"] = "A"; 16: dr["Col2"] = "B"; 17: dr["Col3"] = "C"; 18: dt.Rows.Add(dr); 19:   20: dr = dt.NewRow(); 21: dr["RowNumber"] = 2; 22: dr["Col1"] = "AA"; 23: dr["Col2"] = "BB"; 24: dr["Col3"] = "CC"; 25: dt.Rows.Add(dr); 26:   27: dr = dt.NewRow(); 28: dr["RowNumber"] = 3; 29: dr["Col1"] = "A"; 30: dr["Col2"] = "B"; 31: dr["Col3"] = "CC"; 32: dt.Rows.Add(dr); 33:   34: dr = dt.NewRow(); 35: dr["RowNumber"] = 4; 36: dr["Col1"] = "A"; 37: dr["Col2"] = "B"; 38: dr["Col3"] = "CC"; 39: dt.Rows.Add(dr); 40:   41: dr = dt.NewRow(); 42: dr["RowNumber"] = 5; 43: dr["Col1"] = "A"; 44: dr["Col2"] = "B"; 45: dr["Col3"] = "CC"; 46: dt.Rows.Add(dr); 47:   48: return dt; 49: } 50:   51: protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { 52: if (!IsPostBack) { 53: GridView1.DataSource = FillData(); 54: GridView1.DataBind(); 55: } 56: }   As you can see there's nothing fancy in the code above. It just contain a method that fills a DataTable with a dummy data on it. Now here's the code for row highlighting:   1: protected void GridView1_RowCreated(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e) { 2: //Set Background Color for Columns 1 and 3 3: e.Row.Cells[1].BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Beige; 4: e.Row.Cells[3].BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Red; 5:   6: //Attach onmouseover and onmouseout for row highlighting 7: e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseover", "this.style.backgroundColor='Blue'"); 8: e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseout", "this.style.backgroundColor=''"); 9: }   Running the code above will show something like this in the browser: On initial load: On mouseover of GridView row:   Noticed that Col1 and Col3 are not highlighted. Why? the reason is that Col1 and Col3 cells has background color set on it and we only highlight the rows (TR) and not the columns (TD) that's why on mouseover only the rows will be highlighted. To fix the issue we will create a javascript method that would remove the background color of the columns when highlighting a row and on mouseout set back the original color that is set on Col1 and Col3. Here are the codes below: JavaScript   1: <script type="text/javascript"> 2: function HighLightRow(rowIndex, colIndex,colIndex2, flag) { 3: var gv = document.getElementById("<%= GridView1.ClientID %>"); 4: var selRow = gv.rows[rowIndex]; 5: if (rowIndex > 0) { 6: if (flag == "sel") { 7: gv.rows[rowIndex].style.backgroundColor = 'Blue'; 8: gv.rows[rowIndex].style.color = "White"; 9: gv.rows[rowIndex].cells[colIndex].style.backgroundColor = ''; 10: gv.rows[rowIndex].cells[colIndex2].style.backgroundColor = ''; 11: } 12: else { 13: gv.rows[rowIndex].style.backgroundColor = ''; 14: gv.rows[rowIndex].style.color = "Black"; 15: gv.rows[rowIndex].cells[colIndex].style.backgroundColor = 'Beige'; 16: gv.rows[rowIndex].cells[colIndex2].style.backgroundColor = 'Red'; 17: } 18: } 19: } 20: </script>   The HighLightRow method is a javascript function that accepts four (4) parameters which are the rowIndex,colIndex,colIndex2 and the flag. The rowIndex is the current row index of the selected row in GridView. The colIndex is the index of Col1 and colIndex2 is the index of col3. We are passing these index because these columns has background color on it and we need to toggle its backgroundcolor when highlighting the row in GridView. Finally the flag is something that would determine if its selected or not. Now here's the code for calling the JavaScript function above.     1: protected void GridView1_RowCreated(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e) { 2:   3: //Set Background Color for Columns 1 and 3 4: e.Row.Cells[1].BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Beige; 5: e.Row.Cells[3].BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Red; 6:   7: //Attach onmouseover and onmouseout for row highlighting 8: //and call the HighLightRow method with the required parameters 9: int index = e.Row.RowIndex + 1; 10: e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseover", "HighLightRow(" + index + "," + 1 + "," + 3 + ",'sel')"); 11: e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseout", "HighLightRow(" + index + "," + 1 + "," + 3 + ",'dsel')"); 12: 13: }   Running the code above will display something like this: On initial load:   On mouseover of GridView row:   That's it! I hope someone find this post useful!

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  • The last MVVM you'll ever need?

    - by Nuri Halperin
    As my MVC projects mature and grow, the need to have some omnipresent, ambient model properties quickly emerge. The application no longer has only one dynamic pieced of data on the page: A sidebar with a shopping cart, some news flash on the side – pretty common stuff. The rub is that a controller is invoked in context of a single intended request. The rest of the data, even though it could be just as dynamic, is expected to appear on it's own. There are many solutions to this scenario. MVVM prescribes creating elaborate objects which expose your new data as a property on some uber-object with more properties exposing the "side show" ambient data. The reason I don't love this approach is because it forces fairly acute awareness of the view, and soon enough you have many MVVM objects laying around, and views have to start doing null-checks in order to ensure you really supplied all the values before binding to them. Ick. Just as unattractive is the ViewData dictionary. It's not strongly typed, and in both this and the MVVM approach someone has to populate these properties – n'est pas? Where does that live? With MVC2, we get the formerly-futures  feature Html.RenderAction(). The feature allows you plant a line in a view, of the format: <% Html.RenderAction("SessionInterest", "Session"); %> While this syntax looks very clean, I can't help being bothered by it. MVC was touting a very strong separation of concerns, the Model taking on the role of the business logic, the controller handling route and performing minimal view-choosing operations and the views strictly focused on rendering out angled-bracket tags. The RenderAction() syntax has the view calling some controller and invoking it inline with it's runtime rendering. This – to my taste – embeds too much  knowledge of controllers into the view's code – which was allegedly forbidden.  The one way flow "Controller Receive Data –> Controller invoke Model –> Controller select view –> Controller Hand data to view" now gets a "View calls controller and gets it's own data" which is not so one-way anymore. Ick. I toyed with some other solutions a bit, including some base controllers, special view classes etc. My current favorite though is making use of the ExpandoObject and dynamic features with C# 4.0. If you follow Phil Haack or read a bit from David Heyden you can see the general picture emerging. The game changer is that using the new dynamic syntax, one can sprout properties on an object and make use of them in the view. Well that beats having a bunch of uni-purpose MVVM's any day! Rather than statically exposed properties, we'll just use the capability of adding members at runtime. Armed with new ideas and syntax, I went to work: First, I created a factory method to enrich the focuse object: public static class ModelExtension { public static dynamic Decorate(this Controller controller, object mainValue) { dynamic result = new ExpandoObject(); result.Value = mainValue; result.SessionInterest = CodeCampBL.SessoinInterest(); result.TagUsage = CodeCampBL.TagUsage(); return result; } } This gives me a nice fluent way to have the controller add the rest of the ambient "side show" items (SessionInterest, TagUsage in this demo) and expose them all as the Model: public ActionResult Index() { var data = SyndicationBL.Refresh(TWEET_SOURCE_URL); dynamic result = this.Decorate(data); return View(result); } So now what remains is that my view knows to expect a dynamic object (rather than statically typed) so that the ASP.NET page compiler won't barf: <%@ Page Language="C#" Title="Ambient Demo" MasterPageFile="~/Views/Shared/Ambient.Master" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage<dynamic>" %> Notice the generic ViewPage<dynamic>. It doesn't work otherwise. In the page itself, Model.Value property contains the main data returned from the controller. The nice thing about this, is that the master page (Ambient.Master) also inherits from the generic ViewMasterPage<dynamic>. So rather than the page worrying about all this ambient stuff, the side bars and panels for ambient data all reside in a master page, and can be rendered using the RenderPartial() syntax: <% Html.RenderPartial("TagCloud", Model.SessionInterest as Dictionary<string, int>); %> Note here that a cast is necessary. This is because although dynamic is magic, it can't figure out what type this property is, and wants you to give it a type so its binder can figure out the right property to bind to at runtime. I use as, you can cast if you like. So there we go – no violation of MVC, no explosion of MVVM models and voila – right? Well, I could not let this go without a tweak or two more. The first thing to improve, is that some views may not need all the properties. In that case, it would be a waste of resources to populate every property. The solution to this is simple: rather than exposing properties, I change d the factory method to expose lambdas - Func<T> really. So only if and when a view accesses a member of the dynamic object does it load the data. public static class ModelExtension { // take two.. lazy loading! public static dynamic LazyDecorate(this Controller c, object mainValue) { dynamic result = new ExpandoObject(); result.Value = mainValue; result.SessionInterest = new Func<Dictionary<string, int>>(() => CodeCampBL.SessoinInterest()); result.TagUsage = new Func<Dictionary<string, int>>(() => CodeCampBL.TagUsage()); return result; } } Now that lazy loading is in place, there's really no reason not to hook up all and any possible ambient property. Go nuts! Add them all in – they won't get invoked unless used. This now requires changing the signature of usage on the ambient properties methods –adding some parenthesis to the master view: <% Html.RenderPartial("TagCloud", Model.SessionInterest() as Dictionary<string, int>); %> And, of course, the controller needs to call LazyDecorate() rather than the old Decorate(). The final touch is to introduce a convenience method to the my Controller class , so that the tedium of calling Decorate() everywhere goes away. This is done quite simply by adding a bunch of methods, matching View(object), View(string,object) signatures of the Controller class: public ActionResult Index() { var data = SyndicationBL.Refresh(TWEET_SOURCE_URL); return AmbientView(data); } //these methods can reside in a base controller for the solution: public ViewResult AmbientView(dynamic data) { dynamic result = ModelExtension.LazyDecorate(this, data); return View(result); } public ViewResult AmbientView(string viewName, dynamic data) { dynamic result = ModelExtension.LazyDecorate(this, data); return View(viewName, result); } The call to AmbientView now replaces any call the View() that requires the ambient data. DRY sattisfied, lazy loading and no need to replace core pieces of the MVC pipeline. I call this a good MVC day. Enjoy!

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  • Why do I get a null pointer exception from TabWidget?

    - by rushinge
    I'm writing an android program in which I have an activity that uses tabs. The Activity public class UnitActivity extends TabActivity { @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); TabHost tabHost = getTabHost(); TabSpec spec; Resources res = getResources(); LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.unit_view, tabHost.getTabContentView(), true); spec = tabHost.newTabSpec("controls"); spec.setIndicator("Control", res.getDrawable(R.drawable.ic_tab_equalizer)); spec.setContent(R.id.txtview); tabHost.addTab(spec); } } The XML referenced by R.layout.unit_view <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <TabHost xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@android:id/tabhost" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:padding="5dp"> <TabWidget android:id="@android:id/tabs" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"/> <FrameLayout android:id="@android:id/tabcontent" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:padding="5dp"> <TextView android:id="@+id/txtview" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:gravity="bottom" android:text="nullpointer this!" /> </FrameLayout> </LinearLayout> </TabHost> As far as I can see I'm doing the same thing I see in the tabs1 api sample from the android sdk. I've tried "getLayoutInflator()" instead of "LayoutInflator.from(this)" with the same result. If I replace the LayoutInflater line with "setContentView(R.layout.unit_view)" my program doesn't crash with a null pointer exception but my content is completely blank and empty. I get the tab and that's it. I've checked to make sure R.layout.unit_view and tabHost are not null when it runs the LayoutInflater line and they seem to be fine. They're defenitely not null. I've also checked to make sure LayoutInflater.from(this) returns a valid layout inflater object and it does. The logcat indicating the error says E/AndroidRuntime( 541): java.lang.NullPointerException E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.widget.TabWidget.dispatchDraw(TabWidget.java:206) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.view.ViewGroup.drawChild(ViewGroup.java:1529) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchDraw(ViewGroup.java:1258) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.view.ViewGroup.drawChild(ViewGroup.java:1529) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchDraw(ViewGroup.java:1258) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.view.ViewGroup.drawChild(ViewGroup.java:1529) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchDraw(ViewGroup.java:1258) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.view.ViewGroup.drawChild(ViewGroup.java:1529) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchDraw(ViewGroup.java:1258) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.view.ViewGroup.drawChild(ViewGroup.java:1529) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchDraw(ViewGroup.java:1258) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.view.ViewGroup.drawChild(ViewGroup.java:1529) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchDraw(ViewGroup.java:1258) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.view.View.draw(View.java:6538) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.widget.FrameLayout.draw(FrameLayout.java:352) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.view.ViewGroup.drawChild(ViewGroup.java:1531) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchDraw(ViewGroup.java:1258) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.view.ViewGroup.drawChild(ViewGroup.java:1529) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchDraw(ViewGroup.java:1258) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.view.View.draw(View.java:6538) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.widget.FrameLayout.draw(FrameLayout.java:352) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.draw(PhoneWindow.java:1830) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.view.ViewRoot.draw(ViewRoot.java:1349) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.view.ViewRoot.performTraversals(ViewRoot.java:1114) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.view.ViewRoot.handleMessage(ViewRoot.java:1633) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4363) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:860) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:618) E/AndroidRuntime( 541): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) I/Process ( 61): Sending signal. PID: 541 SIG: 3 I/dalvikvm( 541): threadid=7: reacting to signal 3 I/dalvikvm( 541): Wrote stack trace to '/data/anr/traces.txt' Anybody have any idea how I can get this content into a tab without crashing my application? My actual program is more complex and has more than one tab but I simplified it down to this in an attempt to find out why it's crashing but it still crashes and I don't know why. If I don't use LayoutInflator my program doesn't crash but I don't get any content either, just tabs.

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  • CodePlex Daily Summary for Saturday, April 03, 2010

    CodePlex Daily Summary for Saturday, April 03, 2010New ProjectsASP.NET MVC Demo: aspnetmvcdemoClasslessInterDomainRouting: ClasslessInterDomainRouting provides a class that is designed to detail with CIDR requests and ranges, it is developed within the C# Langauge and f...ClientSideRefactor: Plugin for Visual Studio.ColinTest: ColinTestePMS: An educational project to learn ASP.Net MVC, entity framework using vs 2010Extensible ASP.NET: Extensible Framework on top of ASP.NET - infrastructure level. Uses MEF for extensibility.Franchise Computing Model: Franchise Computing is a client-centric, contract-oriented, consumption-based computing model. Its framework allows service providers and consumers...GameEngine ReactorFX: Set of tools and code snippets for creation DirectX based games. Also provides a number of ideas, algorythms and problem-solutions.It's All Just Ones And Zeros: Utility code libraries for Vault API developers.Live Writer Picasa Plugin: Live Writer Picasa Plugin is a plugin for Windows Live Writer that allows you to embed photos from your Picasa Web Albums into your blog posts. Liv...Managed SDK for Meizu Cell Phone: The goal of this project is to deliver an open source managed SDK for Meizu cell phones, currently for M8. Media Player Field Type: Display a media player in a column of you document library. The library can contain movie files of diferent formats. The player will appear in the ...praca magisterska: This is my thesis: Algebraical aspects of modern cryptography,Pyx: An experimental programming language for statistics.SharpHydroLiDAR: A C# version of Lidar Hydrographic ExtractionSql Server Mds Destination: SSIS destination transform component for SQL Server Master Data ServicesStackOverflow.Net: A C# library for the StackOverflow API (currently in beta). Provides methods for every call currently in the StackOverflow API.TRX Merger Utility: People working on test projects that involve test management and execution from Visual Studio Team System 2008 and who do not have a TFS server for...UniPlanner: The UniPlanner project goal is to develop a web application able to visualize and schedule a university timetable.WikiNETParser: Wiki .NET Parser, Open Source project powered by ANTLR. Syntax defined in 3(4) files Lexer, Grammar, AST Parser.New ReleasesaaronERP builder - a framework to create customized ERP solutions: aaronERP_0.4.0.0: Changes (compared to version 0.3.0.0) : Businesslayer : - Caching of data-tables - ITranslatable Interface for mutli-language DAOs Web-Frontend: ...BatterySaver: Version 0.5: Add support for executing a power state event manually (Issue) Add support for battery percentage thresholds (Issue)ColinTest: asdfzxcv: asdfasdfComposer: V1.0.402.2001 Beta: Minor bug fixes Minor changes in interfaces Added documentation to the setup packageDynamic Configuration: Dynamic Configuration Release 2: Added ConfigurationChanged event fired whenever changes in .config file detected. Improved file watching filtering.Facebook Developer Toolkit: Version 3.1 BETA: Lots of bug fixes. Issues addressed: http://facebooktoolkit.codeplex.com/WorkItem/View.aspx?WorkItemId=14808 http://facebooktoolkit.codeplex.com/W...iExporter - iTunes playlist exporting: iExporter gui v2.5.0.0 - console v1.2.1.0: Paypal donate! New features and redesign for iExporter Gui You can now select/deselect all visible items with one click in the overview When yo...Line Counter: 1.5.5: The Line Counter is a tool to calculate lines of your code files. The tool was written in .NET 2.0. Line Counter 1.5.5 Fixed bugs in C# counter an...Live Writer Picasa Plugin: Live Writer Picasa Plugin 1.0.0: Changelog Since this is the first version there are no changes.Media Player Field Type: Media Player Field Type v1.0: Display a media player in a column of you document library. The library can contain movie files of diferent formats. The player will appear in the ...Numina Application/Security Framework: Numina.Framework Core 49601: Added .LESS library for CSS Updated default style and logo Added a few methods and method overloads to the .NET libraryOver Store: OverStore 1.16.0.0: Version 1.16.0.0 Runtime components uses PersistingRuntimeException instead of many exception types. PersistingRuntimeException message includes...patterns & practices Web Client Developer Guidance: Web Client Software Factory 2010 beta source code: The Web Client Software Factory 2010 provides an integrated set of guidance that assists architects and developers in creating web client applicati...SCSI Interface for Multimedia and Block Devices: Release 12 - View CD-DVD Drive Features: Changes in this version: - Added the ability to view the features of a CD/DVD device (e.g.: what discs it supports, whether it supports Mount Raini...SharePoint Labs: SPLab5006A-FRA-Level100: SPLab5006A-FRA-Level100 This SharePoint Lab will teach you how to create a Feature within Visual Studio, how to brand it, how to incorporate ressou...SharePoint Labs: SPLab5007A-FRA-Level300: SPLab5007A-FRA-Level300 This SharePoint Lab will teach you how to create a reusable and distributable project model for developping Features within...SharePoint Labs: SPLab5008A-FRA-Level100: SPLab5008A-FRA-Level100 This SharePoint Lab will teach you how to add an option in the ECB menu (Edit Control Block) only for specific file types w...SharePoint Labs: SPLab5009A-FRA-Level100: SPLab5009A-FRA-Level100 This SharePoint Lab will teach you the "Site Pages" model and the differences between customized/uncustomized pages (ghoste...SharePoint Labs: SPLab5010A-FRA-Level100: SPLab5010A-FRA-Level100 This SharePoint Lab will teach you the "Application Pages" model and the differences between "Site Pages" and "Application ...SharePoint Labs: SPLab5011A-FRA-Level100: SPLab5011A-FRA-Level100 This SharePoint Lab will teach you how to create a basic Application Page in the 12\TEMPLATE\LAYOUTS. Lab Language : French...sPATCH: sPatch v0.9b: + Fixed: an issue most webservers need leading slash to return filestreamsTASKedit: sTASKedit (pre-Alpha Release): This release is only for playing around, currently not useful Supported Files:Open 1.3.6 client tasks.data Export to 1.3.6 client tasks.data E...TRX Merger Utility: TRX Merger v1.0: First versionttgLib: ttgLib-0.01-beta1: In beta-version we've implemented basic functionality of ttgLib - now it can solve various problems using CPU+GPU bundle. Most important things: ...WikiNETParser: Wiki .NET Parser 2.5: Wiki .NET Parser 2.5 The documentation, binaries and source code could be downloaded from http://catarsa.com portal The latest release to downloa...WPF Zen Garden: Release 1.0: This is the first release.XNA 3D World Studio Content Pipeline: XNA 3DWS Content Pipeline - R2: This version adds terrains and brush based modelsMost Popular ProjectsRawrWBFS ManagerMicrosoft SQL Server Product Samples: DatabaseASP.NET Ajax LibrarySilverlight ToolkitAJAX Control ToolkitWindows Presentation Foundation (WPF)ASP.NETMicrosoft SQL Server Community & SamplesDotNetNuke® Community EditionMost Active ProjectsGraffiti CMSRawrjQuery Library for SharePoint Web ServicesFacebook Developer ToolkitBlogEngine.NETN2 CMSBase Class LibrariesFarseer Physics EngineLINQ to TwitterMicrosoft Biology Foundation

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  • Using Table-Valued Parameters in SQL Server

    - by Jesse
    I work with stored procedures in SQL Server pretty frequently and have often found myself with a need to pass in a list of values at run-time. Quite often this list contains a set of ids on which the stored procedure needs to operate the size and contents of which are not known at design time. In the past I’ve taken the collection of ids (which are usually integers), converted them to a string representation where each value is separated by a comma and passed that string into a VARCHAR parameter of a stored procedure. The body of the stored procedure would then need to parse that string into a table variable which could be easily consumed with set-based logic within the rest of the stored procedure. This approach works pretty well but the VARCHAR variable has always felt like an un-wanted “middle man” in this scenario. Of course, I could use a BULK INSERT operation to load the list of ids into a temporary table that the stored procedure could use, but that approach seems heavy-handed in situations where the list of values is usually going to contain only a few dozen values. Fortunately SQL Server 2008 introduced the concept of table-valued parameters which effectively eliminates the need for the clumsy middle man VARCHAR parameter. Example: Customer Transaction Summary Report Let’s say we have a report that can summarize the the transactions that we’ve conducted with customers over a period of time. The report returns a pretty simple dataset containing one row per customer with some key metrics about how much business that customer has conducted over the date range for which the report is being run. Sometimes the report is run for a single customer, sometimes it’s run for all customers, and sometimes it’s run for a handful of customers (i.e. a salesman runs it for the customers that fall into his sales territory). This report can be invoked from a website on-demand, or it can be scheduled for periodic delivery to certain users via SQL Server Reporting Services. Because the report can be created from different places and the query to generate the report is complex it’s been packed into a stored procedure that accepts three parameters: @startDate – The beginning of the date range for which the report should be run. @endDate – The end of the date range for which the report should be run. @customerIds – The customer Ids for which the report should be run. Obviously, the @startDate and @endDate parameters are DATETIME variables. The @customerIds parameter, however, needs to contain a list of the identity values (primary key) from the Customers table representing the customers that were selected for this particular run of the report. In prior versions of SQL Server we might have made this parameter a VARCHAR variable, but with SQL Server 2008 we can make it into a table-valued parameter. Defining And Using The Table Type In order to use a table-valued parameter, we first need to tell SQL Server about what the table will look like. We do this by creating a user defined type. For the purposes of this stored procedure we need a very simple type to model a table variable with a single integer column. We can create a generic type called ‘IntegerListTableType’ like this: CREATE TYPE IntegerListTableType AS TABLE (Value INT NOT NULL) Once defined, we can use this new type to define the @customerIds parameter in the signature of our stored procedure. The parameter list for the stored procedure definition might look like: 1: CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.rpt_CustomerTransactionSummary 2: @starDate datetime, 3: @endDate datetime, 4: @customerIds IntegerListTableTableType READONLY   Note the ‘READONLY’ statement following the declaration of the @customerIds parameter. SQL Server requires any table-valued parameter be marked as ‘READONLY’ and no DML (INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE) statements can be performed on a table-valued parameter within the routine in which it’s used. Aside from the DML restriction, however, you can do pretty much anything with a table-valued parameter as you could with a normal TABLE variable. With the user defined type and stored procedure defined as above, we could invoke like this: 1: DECLARE @cusomterIdList IntegerListTableType 2: INSERT @customerIdList VALUES (1) 3: INSERT @customerIdList VALUES (2) 4: INSERT @customerIdList VALUES (3) 5:  6: EXEC dbo.rpt_CustomerTransationSummary 7: @startDate = '2012-05-01', 8: @endDate = '2012-06-01' 9: @customerIds = @customerIdList   Note that we can simply declare a variable of type ‘IntegerListTableType’ just like any other normal variable and insert values into it just like a TABLE variable. We could also populate the variable with a SELECT … INTO or INSERT … SELECT statement if desired. Using The Table-Valued Parameter With ADO .NET Invoking a stored procedure with a table-valued parameter from ADO .NET is as simple as building a DataTable and passing it in as the Value of a SqlParameter. Here’s some example code for how we would construct the SqlParameter for the @customerIds parameter in our stored procedure: 1: var customerIdsParameter = new SqlParameter(); 2: customerIdParameter.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input; 3: customerIdParameter.TypeName = "IntegerListTableType"; 4: customerIdParameter.Value = selectedCustomerIds.ToIntegerListDataTable("Value");   All we’re doing here is new’ing up an instance of SqlParameter, setting the pamameters direction, specifying the name of the User Defined Type that this parameter uses, and setting its value. We’re assuming here that we have an IEnumerable<int> variable called ‘selectedCustomerIds’ containing all of the customer Ids for which the report should be run. The ‘ToIntegerListDataTable’ method is an extension method of the IEnumerable<int> type that looks like this: 1: public static DataTable ToIntegerListDataTable(this IEnumerable<int> intValues, string columnName) 2: { 3: var intergerListDataTable = new DataTable(); 4: intergerListDataTable.Columns.Add(columnName); 5: foreach(var intValue in intValues) 6: { 7: var nextRow = intergerListDataTable.NewRow(); 8: nextRow[columnName] = intValue; 9: intergerListDataTable.Rows.Add(nextRow); 10: } 11:  12: return intergerListDataTable; 13: }   Since the ‘IntegerListTableType’ has a single int column called ‘Value’, we pass that in for the ‘columnName’ parameter to the extension method. The method creates a new single-columned DataTable using the provided column name then iterates over the items in the IEnumerable<int> instance adding one row for each value. We can then use this SqlParameter instance when invoking the stored procedure just like we would use any other parameter. Advanced Functionality Using passing a list of integers into a stored procedure is a very simple usage scenario for the table-valued parameters feature, but I’ve found that it covers the majority of situations where I’ve needed to pass a collection of data for use in a query at run-time. I should note that BULK INSERT feature still makes sense for passing large amounts of data to SQL Server for processing. MSDN seems to suggest that 1000 rows of data is the tipping point where the overhead of a BULK INSERT operation can pay dividends. I should also note here that table-valued parameters can be used to deal with more complex data structures than single-columned tables of integers. A User Defined Type that backs a table-valued parameter can use things like identities and computed columns. That said, using some of these more advanced features might require the use the SqlDataRecord and SqlMetaData classes instead of a simple DataTable. Erland Sommarskog has a great article on his website that describes when and how to use these classes for table-valued parameters. What About Reporting Services? Earlier in the post I referenced the fact that our example stored procedure would be called from both a web application and a SQL Server Reporting Services report. Unfortunately, using table-valued parameters from SSRS reports can be a bit tricky and warrants its own blog post which I’ll be putting together and posting sometime in the near future.

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  • C#/.NET Little Wonders: The Timeout static class

    - by James Michael Hare
    Once again, in this series of posts I look at the parts of the .NET Framework that may seem trivial, but can help improve your code by making it easier to write and maintain. The index of all my past little wonders posts can be found here. When I started the “Little Wonders” series, I really wanted to pay homage to parts of the .NET Framework that are often small but can help in big ways.  The item I have to discuss today really is a very small item in the .NET BCL, but once again I feel it can help make the intention of code much clearer and thus is worthy of note. The Problem - Magic numbers aren’t very readable or maintainable In my first Little Wonders Post (Five Little Wonders That Make Code Better) I mention the TimeSpan factory methods which, I feel, really help the readability of constructed TimeSpan instances. Just to quickly recap that discussion, ask yourself what the TimeSpan specified in each case below is 1: // Five minutes? Five Seconds? 2: var fiveWhat1 = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 5); 3: var fiveWhat2 = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 5, 0); 4: var fiveWhat3 = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 5, 0, 0); You’d think they’d all be the same unit of time, right?  After all, most overloads tend to tack additional arguments on the end.  But this is not the case with TimeSpan, where the constructor forms are:     TimeSpan(int hours, int minutes, int seconds);     TimeSpan(int days, int hours, int minutes, int seconds);     TimeSpan(int days, int hours, int minutes, int seconds, int milliseconds); Notice how in the 4 and 5 parameter version we suddenly have the parameter days slipping in front of hours?  This can make reading constructors like those above much harder.  Fortunately, there are TimeSpan factory methods to help make your intention crystal clear: 1: // Ah! Much clearer! 2: var fiveSeconds = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5); These are great because they remove all ambiguity from the reader!  So in short, magic numbers in constructors and methods can be ambiguous, and anything we can do to clean up the intention of the developer will make the code much easier to read and maintain. Timeout – Readable identifiers for infinite timeout values In a similar way to TimeSpan, let’s consider specifying timeouts for some of .NET’s (or our own) many methods that allow you to specify timeout periods. For example, in the TPL Task class, there is a family of Wait() methods that can take TimeSpan or int for timeouts.  Typically, if you want to specify an infinite timeout, you’d just call the version that doesn’t take a timeout parameter at all: 1: myTask.Wait(); // infinite wait But there are versions that take the int or TimeSpan for timeout as well: 1: // Wait for 100 ms 2: myTask.Wait(100); 3:  4: // Wait for 5 seconds 5: myTask.Wait(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5); Now, if we want to specify an infinite timeout to wait on the Task, we could pass –1 (or a TimeSpan set to –1 ms), which what the .NET BCL methods with timeouts use to represent an infinite timeout: 1: // Also infinite timeouts, but harder to read/maintain 2: myTask.Wait(-1); 3: myTask.Wait(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(-1)); However, these are not as readable or maintainable.  If you were writing this code, you might make the mistake of thinking 0 or int.MaxValue was an infinite timeout, and you’d be incorrect.  Also, reading the code above it isn’t as clear that –1 is infinite unless you happen to know that is the specified behavior. To make the code like this easier to read and maintain, there is a static class called Timeout in the System.Threading namespace which contains definition for infinite timeouts specified as both int and TimeSpan forms: Timeout.Infinite An integer constant with a value of –1 Timeout.InfiniteTimeSpan A static readonly TimeSpan which represents –1 ms (only available in .NET 4.5+) This makes our calls to Task.Wait() (or any other calls with timeouts) much more clear: 1: // intention to wait indefinitely is quite clear now 2: myTask.Wait(Timeout.Infinite); 3: myTask.Wait(Timeout.InfiniteTimeSpan); But wait, you may say, why would we care at all?  Why not use the version of Wait() that takes no arguments?  Good question!  When you’re directly calling the method with an infinite timeout that’s what you’d most likely do, but what if you are just passing along a timeout specified by a caller from higher up?  Or perhaps storing a timeout value from a configuration file, and want to default it to infinite? For example, perhaps you are designing a communications module and want to be able to shutdown gracefully, but if you can’t gracefully finish in a specified amount of time you want to force the connection closed.  You could create a Shutdown() method in your class, and take a TimeSpan or an int for the amount of time to wait for a clean shutdown – perhaps waiting for client to acknowledge – before terminating the connection.  So, assume we had a pub/sub system with a class to broadcast messages: 1: // Some class to broadcast messages to connected clients 2: public class Broadcaster 3: { 4: // ... 5:  6: // Shutdown connection to clients, wait for ack back from clients 7: // until all acks received or timeout, whichever happens first 8: public void Shutdown(int timeout) 9: { 10: // Kick off a task here to send shutdown request to clients and wait 11: // for the task to finish below for the specified time... 12:  13: if (!shutdownTask.Wait(timeout)) 14: { 15: // If Wait() returns false, we timed out and task 16: // did not join in time. 17: } 18: } 19: } We could even add an overload to allow us to use TimeSpan instead of int, to give our callers the flexibility to specify timeouts either way: 1: // overload to allow them to specify Timeout in TimeSpan, would 2: // just call the int version passing in the TotalMilliseconds... 3: public void Shutdown(TimeSpan timeout) 4: { 5: Shutdown(timeout.TotalMilliseconds); 6: } Notice in case of this class, we don’t assume the caller wants infinite timeouts, we choose to rely on them to tell us how long to wait.  So now, if they choose an infinite timeout, they could use the –1, which is more cryptic, or use Timeout class to make the intention clear: 1: // shutdown the broadcaster, waiting until all clients ack back 2: // without timing out. 3: myBroadcaster.Shutdown(Timeout.Infinite); We could even add a default argument using the int parameter version so that specifying no arguments to Shutdown() assumes an infinite timeout: 1: // Modified original Shutdown() method to add a default of 2: // Timeout.Infinite, works because Timeout.Infinite is a compile 3: // time constant. 4: public void Shutdown(int timeout = Timeout.Infinite) 5: { 6: // same code as before 7: } Note that you can’t default the ShutDown(TimeSpan) overload with Timeout.InfiniteTimeSpan since it is not a compile-time constant.  The only acceptable default for a TimeSpan parameter would be default(TimeSpan) which is zero milliseconds, which specified no wait, not infinite wait. Summary While Timeout.Infinite and Timeout.InfiniteTimeSpan are not earth-shattering classes in terms of functionality, they do give you very handy and readable constant values that you can use in your programs to help increase readability and maintainability when specifying infinite timeouts for various timeouts in the BCL and your own applications. Technorati Tags: C#,CSharp,.NET,Little Wonders,Timeout,Task

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  • Does RVM "failover" to another ruby instance on error?

    - by JohnMetta
    Have a strange problem in that I have a Rake task that seems to be using multiple versions of Ruby. When one fails, it seems to try another one. Details MacBook running 10.6.5 rvm 1.1.0 Rubies: 1.8.7-p302, ree-1.8.7-2010.02, ruby-1.9.2-p0 Rake 0.8.7 Gem 1.3.7 Veewee (provisioning Virtual Machines using Opcode.com, Vagrant and Chef) I'm not entirely sure the specific details of the error matter, but since it might be an issue with Veewee itself. So, what I'm trying to do is build a new box base on a veewee definition. The command fails with an error about a missing method- but what's interesting is how it fails. Errors I managed to figure out that if I only have one Ruby installed with RVM, it just fails. If I have more than one Ruby install, it fails at the same place, but execution seems to continue in another interpreter. Here are two different clipped console outputs. I've clipped them for size. The full outputs of each error are available as a gist. One Ruby version installed Here is the command run when I only have a single version of Ruby (1.8.7) available in RVM boudica:veewee john$ rvm rake build['mettabox'] --trace rvm 1.1.0 by Wayne E. Seguin ([email protected]) [http://rvm.beginrescueend.com/] (in /Users/john/Work/veewee) ** Invoke build (first_time) ** Execute build … creating new harddrive rake aborted! undefined method `max_vdi_size' for #<VirtualBox::SystemProperties:0x102d6af80> /Users/john/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/virtualbox-0.8.3/lib/virtualbox/abstract_model/dirty.rb:172:in `method_missing' <------ stacktraces cut ----------> /Users/john/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/rake-0.8.7/bin/rake:31 /Users/john/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302@global/bin/rake:19:in `load' /Users/john/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302@global/bin/rake:19 Multiple Ruby Versions Here is the same command run with three versions of Ruby available in RVM. Prior to doing this, I used "rvm use 1.8.7." Again, I don't know how important the details of the specific errors are- what's interesting to me is that there are three separate errors- each with it's own stacktrace- and each in a different Ruby interpreter. Look at the bottom of each stacktrace and you'll see that they are all sourced from different interpreter locations- First ree-1.8.7, then ruby-1.8.7, then ruby-1.9.2: boudica:veewee john$ rvm rake build['mettabox'] --trace rvm 1.1.0 by Wayne E. Seguin ([email protected]) [http://rvm.beginrescueend.com/] (in /Users/john/Work/veewee) ** Invoke build (first_time) ** Execute build … creating new harddrive rake aborted! undefined method `max_vdi_size' for #<VirtualBox::SystemProperties:0x1059dd608> /Users/john/.rvm/gems/ree-1.8.7-2010.02/gems/virtualbox-0.8.3/lib/virtualbox/abstract_model/dirty.rb:172:in `method_missing' … /Users/john/.rvm/gems/ree-1.8.7-2010.02/gems/rake-0.8.7/bin/rake:31 /Users/john/.rvm/gems/ree-1.8.7-2010.02@global/bin/rake:19:in `load' /Users/john/.rvm/gems/ree-1.8.7-2010.02@global/bin/rake:19 (in /Users/john/Work/veewee) ** Invoke build (first_time) ** Execute build isofile ubuntu-10.04.1-server-amd64.iso is available ["a1b857f92eecaf9f0a31ecfc39dee906", "30b5c6fdddbfe7b397fe506400be698d"] [] Last good state: -1 Current step: 0 last good state -1 destroying machine+disks (re-)executing step 0-initial-a1b857f92eecaf9f0a31ecfc39dee906 VBoxManage: error: Machine settings file '/Users/john/VirtualBox VMs/mettabox/mettabox.vbox' already exists VBoxManage: error: Details: code VBOX_E_FILE_ERROR (0x80bb0004), component Machine, interface IMachine, callee nsISupports Context: "CreateMachine(bstrSettingsFile.raw(), name.raw(), osTypeId.raw(), Guid(id).toUtf16().raw(), FALSE , machine.asOutParam())" at line 247 of file VBoxManageMisc.cpp rake aborted! undefined method `memory_size=' for nil:NilClass /Users/john/Work/veewee/lib/veewee/session.rb:303:in `create_vm' /Users/john/Work/veewee/lib/veewee/session.rb:166:in `build' /Users/john/Work/veewee/lib/veewee/session.rb:560:in `transaction' /Users/john/Work/veewee/lib/veewee/session.rb:163:in `build' /Users/john/Work/veewee/Rakefile:87 /Users/john/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:636:in `call' /Users/john/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:636:in `execute' /Users/john/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:631:in `each' … /Users/john/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302/gems/rake-0.8.7/bin/rake:31 /Users/john/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302@global/bin/rake:19:in `load' /Users/john/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p302@global/bin/rake:19 (in /Users/john/Work/veewee) ** Invoke build (first_time) ** Execute build isofile ubuntu-10.04.1-server-amd64.iso is available ["a9c4ab3257e1da3479c984eae9905c2a", "30b5c6fdddbfe7b397fe506400be698d"] [] Last good state: -1 Current step: 0 last good state -1 (re-)executing step 0-initial-a9c4ab3257e1da3479c984eae9905c2a VBoxManage: error: Machine settings file '/Users/john/VirtualBox VMs/mettabox/mettabox.vbox' already exists VBoxManage: error: Details: code VBOX_E_FILE_ERROR (0x80bb0004), component Machine, interface IMachine, callee nsISupports Context: "CreateMachine(bstrSettingsFile.raw(), name.raw(), osTypeId.raw(), Guid(id).toUtf16().raw(), FALSE , machine.asOutParam())" at line 247 of file VBoxManageMisc.cpp rake aborted! undefined method `memory_size=' for nil:NilClass /Users/john/Work/veewee/lib/veewee/session.rb:303:in `create_vm' /Users/john/Work/veewee/lib/veewee/session.rb:166:in `block in build' /Users/john/Work/veewee/lib/veewee/session.rb:560:in `transaction' /Users/john/Work/veewee/lib/veewee/session.rb:163:in `build' /Users/john/Work/veewee/Rakefile:87:in `block in <top (required)>' /Users/john/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:634:in `call' /Users/john/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:634:in `block in execute' … /Users/john/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:2013:in `top_level' /Users/john/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:1992:in `run' /Users/john/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p0/bin/rake:35:in `<main>' It isn't until we reach the last installed version of Ruby that execution halts. Discussion Does anyone have any idea what's going on here? Has anyone seen this "failover"-like behavior before? It seems strange to me that the first exception would not halt execution as it did with one interpreter, but I wonder if there are things happening when RVM is installed that we Ruby developers are not considering.

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  • C#: LINQ vs foreach - Round 1.

    - by James Michael Hare
    So I was reading Peter Kellner's blog entry on Resharper 5.0 and its LINQ refactoring and thought that was very cool.  But that raised a point I had always been curious about in my head -- which is a better choice: manual foreach loops or LINQ?    The answer is not really clear-cut.  There are two sides to any code cost arguments: performance and maintainability.  The first of these is obvious and quantifiable.  Given any two pieces of code that perform the same function, you can run them side-by-side and see which piece of code performs better.   Unfortunately, this is not always a good measure.  Well written assembly language outperforms well written C++ code, but you lose a lot in maintainability which creates a big techncial debt load that is hard to offset as the application ages.  In contrast, higher level constructs make the code more brief and easier to understand, hence reducing technical cost.   Now, obviously in this case we're not talking two separate languages, we're comparing doing something manually in the language versus using a higher-order set of IEnumerable extensions that are in the System.Linq library.   Well, before we discuss any further, let's look at some sample code and the numbers.  First, let's take a look at the for loop and the LINQ expression.  This is just a simple find comparison:       // find implemented via LINQ     public static bool FindViaLinq(IEnumerable<int> list, int target)     {         return list.Any(item => item == target);     }         // find implemented via standard iteration     public static bool FindViaIteration(IEnumerable<int> list, int target)     {         foreach (var i in list)         {             if (i == target)             {                 return true;             }         }           return false;     }   Okay, looking at this from a maintainability point of view, the Linq expression is definitely more concise (8 lines down to 1) and is very readable in intention.  You don't have to actually analyze the behavior of the loop to determine what it's doing.   So let's take a look at performance metrics from 100,000 iterations of these methods on a List<int> of varying sizes filled with random data.  For this test, we fill a target array with 100,000 random integers and then run the exact same pseudo-random targets through both searches.                       List<T> On 100,000 Iterations     Method      Size     Total (ms)  Per Iteration (ms)  % Slower     Any         10       26          0.00046             30.00%     Iteration   10       20          0.00023             -     Any         100      116         0.00201             18.37%     Iteration   100      98          0.00118             -     Any         1000     1058        0.01853             16.78%     Iteration   1000     906         0.01155             -     Any         10,000   10,383      0.18189             17.41%     Iteration   10,000   8843        0.11362             -     Any         100,000  104,004     1.8297              18.27%     Iteration   100,000  87,941      1.13163             -   The LINQ expression is running about 17% slower for average size collections and worse for smaller collections.  Presumably, this is due to the overhead of the state machine used to track the iterators for the yield returns in the LINQ expressions, which seems about right in a tight loop such as this.   So what about other LINQ expressions?  After all, Any() is one of the more trivial ones.  I decided to try the TakeWhile() algorithm using a Count() to get the position stopped like the sample Pete was using in his blog that Resharper refactored for him into LINQ:       // Linq form     public static int GetTargetPosition1(IEnumerable<int> list, int target)     {         return list.TakeWhile(item => item != target).Count();     }       // traditionally iterative form     public static int GetTargetPosition2(IEnumerable<int> list, int target)     {         int count = 0;           foreach (var i in list)         {             if(i == target)             {                 break;             }               ++count;         }           return count;     }   Once again, the LINQ expression is much shorter, easier to read, and should be easier to maintain over time, reducing the cost of technical debt.  So I ran these through the same test data:                       List<T> On 100,000 Iterations     Method      Size     Total (ms)  Per Iteration (ms)  % Slower     TakeWhile   10       41          0.00041             128%     Iteration   10       18          0.00018             -     TakeWhile   100      171         0.00171             88%     Iteration   100      91          0.00091             -     TakeWhile   1000     1604        0.01604             94%     Iteration   1000     825         0.00825             -     TakeWhile   10,000   15765       0.15765             92%     Iteration   10,000   8204        0.08204             -     TakeWhile   100,000  156950      1.5695              92%     Iteration   100,000  81635       0.81635             -     Wow!  I expected some overhead due to the state machines iterators produce, but 90% slower?  That seems a little heavy to me.  So then I thought, well, what if TakeWhile() is not the right tool for the job?  The problem is TakeWhile returns each item for processing using yield return, whereas our for-loop really doesn't care about the item beyond using it as a stop condition to evaluate. So what if that back and forth with the iterator state machine is the problem?  Well, we can quickly create an (albeit ugly) lambda that uses the Any() along with a count in a closure (if a LINQ guru knows a better way PLEASE let me know!), after all , this is more consistent with what we're trying to do, we're trying to find the first occurence of an item and halt once we find it, we just happen to be counting on the way.  This mostly matches Any().       // a new method that uses linq but evaluates the count in a closure.     public static int TakeWhileViaLinq2(IEnumerable<int> list, int target)     {         int count = 0;         list.Any(item =>             {                 if(item == target)                 {                     return true;                 }                   ++count;                 return false;             });         return count;     }     Now how does this one compare?                         List<T> On 100,000 Iterations     Method         Size     Total (ms)  Per Iteration (ms)  % Slower     TakeWhile      10       41          0.00041             128%     Any w/Closure  10       23          0.00023             28%     Iteration      10       18          0.00018             -     TakeWhile      100      171         0.00171             88%     Any w/Closure  100      116         0.00116             27%     Iteration      100      91          0.00091             -     TakeWhile      1000     1604        0.01604             94%     Any w/Closure  1000     1101        0.01101             33%     Iteration      1000     825         0.00825             -     TakeWhile      10,000   15765       0.15765             92%     Any w/Closure  10,000   10802       0.10802             32%     Iteration      10,000   8204        0.08204             -     TakeWhile      100,000  156950      1.5695              92%     Any w/Closure  100,000  108378      1.08378             33%     Iteration      100,000  81635       0.81635             -     Much better!  It seems that the overhead of TakeAny() returning each item and updating the state in the state machine is drastically reduced by using Any() since Any() iterates forward until it finds the value we're looking for -- for the task we're attempting to do.   So the lesson there is, make sure when you use a LINQ expression you're choosing the best expression for the job, because if you're doing more work than you really need, you'll have a slower algorithm.  But this is true of any choice of algorithm or collection in general.     Even with the Any() with the count in the closure it is still about 30% slower, but let's consider that angle carefully.  For a list of 100,000 items, it was the difference between 1.01 ms and 0.82 ms roughly in a List<T>.  That's really not that bad at all in the grand scheme of things.  Even running at 90% slower with TakeWhile(), for the vast majority of my projects, an extra millisecond to save potential errors in the long term and improve maintainability is a small price to pay.  And if your typical list is 1000 items or less we're talking only microseconds worth of difference.   It's like they say: 90% of your performance bottlenecks are in 2% of your code, so over-optimizing almost never pays off.  So personally, I'll take the LINQ expression wherever I can because they will be easier to read and maintain (thus reducing technical debt) and I can rely on Microsoft's development to have coded and unit tested those algorithm fully for me instead of relying on a developer to code the loop logic correctly.   If something's 90% slower, yes, it's worth keeping in mind, but it's really not until you start get magnitudes-of-order slower (10x, 100x, 1000x) that alarm bells should really go off.  And if I ever do need that last millisecond of performance?  Well then I'll optimize JUST THAT problem spot.  To me it's worth it for the readability, speed-to-market, and maintainability.

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  • JBoss Seam: In ScopeType.PAGE I get: java.lang.IllegalStateException: No conversation context active

    - by Markos Fragkakis
    Hi all, I have a page-scoped component, which has an instance variable List with data, which I display in a datatable. This datatable has pagination, sorting and filtering. The first time gate into the page, I get this appended in my URL: ?conversationId=97. The page works correctly, and when I change datatable pages no now component is created. After a minute or two, and at seamingly random time, I get an exception saying that there is no context. I have not used @Create in my code or my navigation files. So, I have two questions: Why do I get this suffix in my URL? Why did a conversation start? Why the exception? The component is scoped to PAGE. If I received an exception, it should not be related to a conversation. Right? Or is the conversation the exception is referring a temporary conversation? Cheers! UPDATE: This is the page: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ui="http://java.sun.com/jsf/facelets" xmlns:h="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html" xmlns:f="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" xmlns:a4j="http://richfaces.org/a4j" xmlns:rich="http://richfaces.org/rich"> <body> <ui:composition template="/WEB-INF/facelets/templates/template.xhtml"> <ui:define name="content"> <!-- This method returns focus on the filter --> <script type="text/javascript"> function submitByEnter(event){ if (event.keyCode == 13) { if (event.preventDefault) { // Firefox event.preventDefault(); } else { // IE event.returnValue = false; } document.getElementById("refreshButton").click(); } } </script> <h:form prependId="false"> <h:commandButton action="Back" value="Back to home page" /> <br /> <p><h:outputText value="Applicants and Products (experimentation page)" class="page_title" /></p> <h:commandButton action="#{applicantProductListBean.showCreateApplicant}" value="Create Applicant" id="createApplicantButton"> </h:commandButton> <a4j:commandButton value="Refresh" id="refreshButton" action="#{applicantProductListBean.refreshData}" image="/images/icons/refresh48x48.gif" reRender="compositeTable, compositeScroller"> <!-- <f:setPropertyActionListener--> <!-- target="# {pageScrollerBean.applicantProductListPage}" value="1" />--> </a4j:commandButton> <rich:toolTip for="createApplicantButton" value="Create Applicant" /> <rich:dataTable styleClass="composite2DataTable" id="compositeTable" rows="1" columnClasses="col" value="#{applicantProductListBean.dataModel}" var="pageAppList"> <f:facet name="header"> <rich:columnGroup> <rich:column colspan="3"> <h:outputText styleClass="headerText" value="Applicants" /> </rich:column> <rich:column colspan="3"> <h:outputText styleClass="headerText" value="Products" /> </rich:column> <rich:column breakBefore="true"> <h:outputText styleClass="headerText" value="Applicant Name" /> <a4j:commandButton id="sortingApplicantNameButton" action="#{applicantProductListBean.toggleSorting('applicantName')}" image="/images/icons/sorting/#{sortingFilteringBean.applicantProductListSorting.sortingValues['applicantName']}.gif" reRender="sortingApplicantNameButton, sortingApplicantEmailButton, compositeTable, compositeScroller"> <!-- <f:setPropertyActionListener--> <!-- target="#{pageScrollerBean.applicantProductListPage}" value="1" />--> </a4j:commandButton> <br /> <h:inputText value="#{sortingFilteringBean.applicantProductListFiltering.filteringValues['applicantName']}" id="applicantNameFilterValue" onkeypress="return submitByEnter(event)"> </h:inputText> </rich:column> <rich:column> <h:outputText styleClass="headerText" value="Applicant Email" /> <a4j:commandButton id="sortingApplicantEmailButton" action="#{applicantProductListBean.toggleSorting('applicantEmail')}" image="/images/icons/sorting/#{sortingFilteringBean.applicantProductListSorting.sortingValues['applicantEmail']}.gif" reRender="sortingApplicantNameButton, sortingApplicantEmailButton, compositeTable, compositeScroller"> <!-- <f:setPropertyActionListener--> <!-- target="#{pageScrollerBean.applicantProductListPage}" value="1" />--> </a4j:commandButton> <br /> <h:inputText value="#{sortingFilteringBean.applicantProductListFiltering.filteringValues['applicantEmail']}" id="applicantEmailFilterValue" onkeypress="return submitByEnter(event)"> </h:inputText> </rich:column> <rich:column> <h:outputText styleClass="headerText" value="Applicant Actions" /> </rich:column> <rich:column> <h:outputText styleClass="headerText" value="Product Name" /> <a4j:commandButton id="sortingProductNameButton" action="#{applicantProductListBean.toggleSorting('productName')}" immediate="true" image="/images/icons/sorting/#{sortingFilteringBean.applicantProductListSorting.sortingValues['productName']}.gif" reRender="sortingProductNameButton, compositeTable, compositeScroller"> </a4j:commandButton> <br /> <h:inputText value="#{sortingFilteringBean.applicantProductListFiltering.filteringValues['productName']}" id="productNameFilterValue" onkeypress="return submitByEnter(event)"> </h:inputText> </rich:column> <rich:column> <h:outputText styleClass="headerText" value="Product Email" /> <br /> <h:inputText value="#{sortingFilteringBean.applicantProductListFiltering.filteringValues['productEmail']}" id="productEmailFilterValue" onkeypress="return submitByEnter(event)"> </h:inputText> </rich:column> <rich:column> <h:outputText styleClass="headerText" value="Product Actions" /> </rich:column> </rich:columnGroup> </f:facet> <rich:subTable rowClasses="odd_applicant_row, even_applicant_row" value="#{pageAppList}" var="app"> <rich:column styleClass=" internal_cell composite2TextContainingColumn" valign="top"> <h:outputText value="#{app.name}" /> </rich:column> <rich:column styleClass="internal_cell composite2TextContainingColumn" valign="top"> <h:outputText value="#{app.receiptEmail}" /> </rich:column> <rich:column valign="top" styleClass="buttonsColumn"> <h:commandButton action="#{applicantProductListBean.showUpdateApplicant(app)}" image="/images/icons/edit.jpg"> </h:commandButton> <!-- <rich:toolTip for="editApplicantButton" value="Edit Applicant" />--> <h:commandButton action="#{applicantProductListBean.showDeleteApplicant(app)}" image="/images/icons/delete.png"> </h:commandButton> <!-- <rich:toolTip for="deleteApplicantButton" value="Delete Applicant" />--> </rich:column> <rich:column colspan="3"> <table class="productsTableTable"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="createProductButtonTableCell"><h:commandButton action="#{applicantProductListBean.showCreateProduct(app)}" value="Create Product"> </h:commandButton> <!-- <rich:toolTip for="createProductButton" value="Create Product" />--> </td> </tr> <tr> <td><rich:dataTable value="#{app.products}" var="prod" rowClasses="odd_product_row, even_product_row"> <rich:column styleClass="internal_cell composite2TextContainingColumn"> <h:outputText value="#{prod.inventedName}" /> </rich:column> <rich:column styleClass="internal_cell composite2TextContainingColumn"> <h:outputText value="#{prod.receiptEmail}" /> </rich:column> <rich:column styleClass="buttonsColumn"> <h:commandButton action="#{applicantProductListBean.showUpdateProduct(prod)}" image="/images/icons/edit.jpg"> </h:commandButton> <!-- <rich:toolTip for="editProductButton" value="Edit Product" />--> <h:commandButton action="#{applicantProductListBean.showDeleteProduct(prod)}" image="/images/icons/delete.png"> <f:setPropertyActionListener target="#{productBean.product}" value="#{prod}" /> </h:commandButton> <!-- <rich:toolTip for="deleteProductButton" value="Delete Product" />--> </rich:column> </rich:dataTable></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </rich:column> </rich:subTable> <f:facet name="footer"> <h:panelGrid columns="1" styleClass="applicantProductListFooter"> <h:outputText value="#{msgs.no_results}" rendered="#{(empty applicantProductListBean.dataModel) || (applicantProductListBean.dataModel.rowCount==0)}"/> <rich:datascroller align="center" for="compositeTable" page="#{pageScrollerBean.applicantProductListPage}" id="compositeScroller" reRender="compositeTable" renderIfSinglePage="false" fastControls="hide"> <f:facet name="first"> <h:outputText value="#{msgs.first}" styleClass="scrollerCell" /> </f:facet> <f:facet name="first_disabled"> <h:outputText value="#{msgs.first}" styleClass="scrollerCell" /> </f:facet> <f:facet name="last"> <h:outputText value="#{msgs.last}" styleClass="scrollerCell" /> </f:facet> <f:facet name="last_disabled"> <h:outputText value="#{msgs.last}" styleClass="scrollerCell" /> </f:facet> <f:facet name="next"> <h:outputText value="#{msgs.next}" styleClass="scrollerCell" /> </f:facet> <f:facet name="next_disabled"> <h:outputText value="#{msgs.next}" styleClass="scrollerCell" /> </f:facet> <f:facet name="previous"> <h:outputText value="#{msgs.previous}" styleClass="scrollerCell" /> </f:facet> <f:facet name="previous_disabled"> <h:outputText value="#{msgs.previous}" styleClass="scrollerCell" /> </f:facet> </rich:datascroller> </h:panelGrid> </f:facet> </rich:dataTable> </h:form> </ui:define> This is the backing bean: @Name("applicantProductListBean") @Scope(ScopeType.PAGE) public class ApplicantProductListBean extends BasePagedSortableFilterableListBean { /** * Public field for ad-hoc injection to work. */ @EJB(name = "FacadeService") public ApplicantFacadeService applicantFacadeService; @Logger private static Log logger; private final int pageSize = 10; @Out(scope = ScopeType.CONVERSATION, required = false) Applicant currentApplicant; @Out(scope = ScopeType.CONVERSATION, required = false) Product product; @Create public void onCreate() { System.out.println("Create"); } @Override protected DataModel initDataModel(int pageSize) { // get filtering and sorting from session sorting = getSorting(); filtering = getFiltering(); // System.out.println("Initializing a Composite3DataModel"); // System.out.println("Pagesize: " + pageSize); // System.out.println("Filtering: " + filtering.getFilteringValues()); // System.out.println("Sorting: " + sorting.getSortingValues()); return new Composite3DataModel(1, sorting, filtering); } // Navigation methods /** * Navigation-returning method, returns the action to follow after pressing * the "Create Applicant" button * * @return the action to be taken */ public Navigation.ApplicantProductList showCreateApplicant() { return Navigation.ApplicantProductList.SHOW_CREATE_APPLICANT; } /** * Navigation-returning method, returns the action to follow after pressing * the "Edit Applicant" button * * @return the action to be taken */ public Navigation.ApplicantProductList showUpdateApplicant( Applicant applicant) { this.currentApplicant = applicant; return Navigation.ApplicantProductList.SHOW_UPDATE_APPLICANT; } /** * Navigation-returning method, returns the action to follow after pressing * the "Delete Applicant" button * * @return the action to be taken */ public Navigation.ApplicantProductList showDeleteApplicant( Applicant applicant) { this.currentApplicant = applicant; return Navigation.ApplicantProductList.SHOW_DELETE_APPLICANT; } /** * Navigation-returning method, returns the action to follow after pressing * the "Create Product" button * * @return the action to be taken */ public Navigation.ApplicantProductList showCreateProduct(Applicant app) { this.product = new Product(); this.product.setApplicant(app); return Navigation.ApplicantProductList.SHOW_CREATE_PRODUCT; } /** * Navigation-returning method, returns the action to follow after pressing * the "Edit Product" button * * @return the action to be taken */ public Navigation.ApplicantProductList showUpdateProduct(Product prod) { this.product = prod; return Navigation.ApplicantProductList.SHOW_UPDATE_PRODUCT; } /** * Navigation-returning method, returns the action to follow after pressing * the "Delete Product" button * * @return the action to be taken */ public Navigation.ApplicantProductList showDeleteProduct(Product prod) { this.product = prod; return Navigation.ApplicantProductList.SHOW_DELETE_PRODUCT; } /** * */ @Override public Sorting getSorting() { if (sorting == null) { return (getSortingFilteringBeanFromSession() .getApplicantProductListSorting()); } return sorting; } /** * */ @Override public void setSorting(Sorting sorting) { getSortingFilteringBeanFromSession().setApplicantProductListSorting( sorting); } /** * */ @Override public Filtering getFiltering() { if (filtering == null) { return (getSortingFilteringBeanFromSession() .getApplicantProductListFiltering()); } return filtering; } /** * */ @Override public void setFiltering(Filtering filtering) { getSortingFilteringBeanFromSession().setApplicantProductListFiltering( filtering); } /** * @return the currentApplicant */ public Applicant getCurrentApplicant() { return currentApplicant; } /** * @param currentApplicant * the currentApplicant to set */ public void setCurrentApplicant(Applicant applicant) { this.currentApplicant = applicant; } /** * The model for this page * */ private class Composite3DataModel extends PagedSortableFilterableDataModel<List<Applicant>> { public Composite3DataModel(int pageSize, Sorting sorting, Filtering filtering) { super(pageSize, sorting, filtering); } @Override protected DataPage<List<Applicant>> fetchPage(int fakeStartRow, int fakePageSize) { // if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { System.out.println("Getting page with fakeStartRow: " + fakeStartRow + " and fakePageSize " + fakePageSize); // } // to find the page size multiply the startRow and the fakePageSize // (which is 1) to the actual page size int startRow = fakeStartRow * ApplicantProductListBean.this.pageSize; int pageSize = fakePageSize * ApplicantProductListBean.this.pageSize; // if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { System.out.println("Getting page with startRow: " + startRow + " and pageSize " + pageSize); // } List<Applicant> pageApplicants = applicantFacadeService .findPagedWithCriteria(startRow, pageSize, filtering, sorting); // List<Applicant> pageApplicants = applicantFacadeService // .findPagedWithDynamicQuery(startRow, pageSize, filtering, // sorting, true); // if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { System.out.println("Set of applicants: " + pageApplicants.size()); // } List<List<Applicant>> pageApplicantsListContainer = new ArrayList<List<Applicant>>(); pageApplicantsListContainer.add(pageApplicants); DataPage<List<Applicant>> dataPage = new DataPage<List<Applicant>>( this.getRowCount(), fakeStartRow, pageApplicantsListContainer); return dataPage; } @Override protected int getDatasetSize() { // int size = getServiceFacade().countWithCriteria(filtering, // sorting); // int size = // applicantFacadeService.countWithDynamicQuery(filtering, sorting, // false); int size = (int) Math.ceil((double) applicantFacadeService .countWithCriteria(filtering, sorting, false) / pageSize); if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("Got Dataset Size: " + size); } return size; } } /** * @return the product */ public Product getProduct() { return product; } /** * @param product * the product to set */ public void setProduct(Product product) { this.product = product; } }

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  • Slick2d/Nifty-gui input

    - by eerongal
    I'm trying to get input from slick2d into nifty gui. Ive searched online, and I've seen a few examples, but I can't seem to get it working right. i've tried the example on here but I can't seem to get everything working. I'm not entirely sure what I'm doing wrong. I've also looked at examples using the JMonkeyEngine to help point me in the right direction, but still having issues with input. I can get everything else working like i need. Here's the code for my element controller: package gui; import java.util.Properties; import de.lessvoid.nifty.Nifty; import de.lessvoid.nifty.controls.Controller; import de.lessvoid.nifty.elements.Element; import de.lessvoid.nifty.input.NiftyInputEvent; import de.lessvoid.nifty.screen.Screen; import de.lessvoid.xml.xpp3.Attributes; public class BaseElementController implements Controller { private Element element; public void bind(Nifty arg0, Screen arg1, Element arg2, Properties arg3, Attributes arg4) { this.element = element; } public void init(Properties arg0, Attributes arg1) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } public boolean inputEvent(NiftyInputEvent arg0) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return false; } public void onFocus(boolean arg0) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } public void onStartScreen() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } public void test() { System.out.println("test"); } public void bam() { System.out.println("bam"); } } Here's my XML file: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <nifty> <useStyles filename="nifty-default-styles.xml"/> <useControls filename="nifty-default-controls.xml"/> <screen id="screen2" controller="gui.BaseScreenController"> <layer backgroundColor="#fff0" childLayout="absolute" id="layer4" controller="gui.BaseElementController"> <panel childLayout="center" height="30%" id="panel1" style="nifty-panel-simple" width="50%" x="282" y="334" controller="gui.BaseElementController"> <control id="checkbox1" name="checkbox"/> <control childLayout="center" id="button2" label="button2" name="button" x="381" y="224" visibleToMouse="true" controller="gui.BaseElementController"> <interact onClick="bam()"/> </control> </panel> <text text="${CALL.getPlayerName()}" style="nifty-label" width="100%" height="100%" x="0" y="10" /> </layer> </screen> </nifty> Here's how I'm trying to bind the controller: public void init(GameContainer gc) throws SlickException { Input input = gc.getInput(); inputSystem = new PlainSlickInputSystem(); inputSystem.setInput(input); gui = new Gui(); gui.init(gc, inputSystem, "gui/tset.xml", "screen2"); input.removeListener(this); input.removeListener(inputSystem); input.addListener(inputSystem); } Essentially, all that happens right now is the screen loads up and displays, and it grabs the variable correctly in the label, but none of the input seems to be getting forwarded to Nifty from slick. I assume there's something I'm missing, but I can't seem to figure out what that is. In so far as what I have tried, I attempted to define a custom input listener to pick up events and assign that to my game in order to pick up input, which did not work, so i dropped that implementation, at current i'm trying to take the default inputs and bind then with a PlainSlickInputSystem and assigning that to the input (as shown in the first example link). On code execution, all the code is hit, and i've put several system.out.println's to get ouput of what is happening (the code above has been cleaned for presentation), and i even see the elements getting bound to the controller, yet it doesn't pick up controller events. As far as EXACTLY what's wrong, that I don't know, because I've followed all implementations i can find of this, and none of them seem to do anything it's like the input is just getting thrown out. None of the objects from niftyGui appear to be recognizing any input. Here is the binding from my objects at run time: ******INITIALIZED SCREEN: de.lessvoid.nifty.screen.Screen@4a1ab1c1 ******INITIALIZED ELEMENT: button2 (de.lessvoid.nifty.elements.Element@1e8c1be9) ******INITIALIZED ELEMENT: focusable => true, width => 100px {nifty-button#panel}, backgroundImage => button/button.png {nifty-button#panel}, label => button2, paddingLeft => 7px {nifty-button#panel}, imageMode => sprite-resize:100,23,0,2,96,2,2,2,96,2,19,2,96,2,2 {nifty-button#panel}, paddingRight => 7px {nifty-button#panel}, id => button2, visibleToMouse => true, height => 23px {nifty-button#panel}, style => nifty-button, name => button, inputMapping => de.lessvoid.nifty.input.mapping.MenuInputMapping, childLayout => center, controller => gui.BaseElementController, y => 224, x => 381 ******INITIALIZED SCREEN: de.lessvoid.nifty.screen.Screen@4a1ab1c1 ******INITIALIZED ELEMENT: panel1 (de.lessvoid.nifty.elements.Element@373ec894) ******INITIALIZED ELEMENT: id => panel1, height => 30%, style => nifty-panel-simple, width => 50%, backgroundImage => panel/nifty-panel-simple.png {nifty-panel-simple}, controller => gui.BaseElementController, childLayout => center, padding => 5px {nifty-panel-simple}, imageMode => resize:9,2,9,9,9,2,9,2,9,2,9,9 {nifty-panel-simple}, y => 334, x => 282 ******INITIALIZED SCREEN: de.lessvoid.nifty.screen.Screen@4a1ab1c1 ******INITIALIZED ELEMENT: layer4 (de.lessvoid.nifty.elements.Element@6427d489) ******INITIALIZED ELEMENT: id => layer4, backgroundColor => #fff0, controller => gui.BaseElementController, childLayout => absolute the button2 object is getting bound to my BaseElementController, but i can't seem to get it into the defined "onClick" call.

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  • How can I connect to a mail server using SMTP over SSL using Python?

    - by jakecar
    Hello, So I have been having a hard time sending email from my school's email address. It is SSL and I could only find this code online by Matt Butcher that works with SSL: import smtplib, socket version = "1.00" all = ['SMTPSSLException', 'SMTP_SSL'] SSMTP_PORT = 465 class SMTPSSLException(smtplib.SMTPException): """Base class for exceptions resulting from SSL negotiation.""" class SMTP_SSL (smtplib.SMTP): """This class provides SSL access to an SMTP server. SMTP over SSL typical listens on port 465. Unlike StartTLS, SMTP over SSL makes an SSL connection before doing a helo/ehlo. All transactions, then, are done over an encrypted channel. This class is a simple subclass of the smtplib.SMTP class that comes with Python. It overrides the connect() method to use an SSL socket, and it overrides the starttles() function to throw an error (you can't do starttls within an SSL session). """ certfile = None keyfile = None def __init__(self, host='', port=0, local_hostname=None, keyfile=None, certfile=None): """Initialize a new SSL SMTP object. If specified, `host' is the name of the remote host to which this object will connect. If specified, `port' specifies the port (on `host') to which this object will connect. `local_hostname' is the name of the localhost. By default, the value of socket.getfqdn() is used. An SMTPConnectError is raised if the SMTP host does not respond correctly. An SMTPSSLError is raised if SSL negotiation fails. Warning: This object uses socket.ssl(), which does not do client-side verification of the server's cert. """ self.certfile = certfile self.keyfile = keyfile smtplib.SMTP.__init__(self, host, port, local_hostname) def connect(self, host='localhost', port=0): """Connect to an SMTP server using SSL. `host' is localhost by default. Port will be set to 465 (the default SSL SMTP port) if no port is specified. If the host name ends with a colon (`:') followed by a number, that suffix will be stripped off and the number interpreted as the port number to use. This will override the `port' parameter. Note: This method is automatically invoked by __init__, if a host is specified during instantiation. """ # MB: Most of this (Except for the socket connection code) is from # the SMTP.connect() method. I changed only the bare minimum for the # sake of compatibility. if not port and (host.find(':') == host.rfind(':')): i = host.rfind(':') if i >= 0: host, port = host[:i], host[i+1:] try: port = int(port) except ValueError: raise socket.error, "nonnumeric port" if not port: port = SSMTP_PORT if self.debuglevel > 0: print>>stderr, 'connect:', (host, port) msg = "getaddrinfo returns an empty list" self.sock = None for res in socket.getaddrinfo(host, port, 0, socket.SOCK_STREAM): af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = res try: self.sock = socket.socket(af, socktype, proto) if self.debuglevel > 0: print>>stderr, 'connect:', (host, port) self.sock.connect(sa) # MB: Make the SSL connection. sslobj = socket.ssl(self.sock, self.keyfile, self.certfile) except socket.error, msg: if self.debuglevel > 0: print>>stderr, 'connect fail:', (host, port) if self.sock: self.sock.close() self.sock = None continue break if not self.sock: raise socket.error, msg # MB: Now set up fake socket and fake file classes. # Thanks to the design of smtplib, this is all we need to do # to get SSL working with all other methods. self.sock = smtplib.SSLFakeSocket(self.sock, sslobj) self.file = smtplib.SSLFakeFile(sslobj); (code, msg) = self.getreply() if self.debuglevel > 0: print>>stderr, "connect:", msg return (code, msg) def setkeyfile(self, keyfile): """Set the absolute path to a file containing a private key. This method will only be effective if it is called before connect(). This key will be used to make the SSL connection.""" self.keyfile = keyfile def setcertfile(self, certfile): """Set the absolute path to a file containing a x.509 certificate. This method will only be effective if it is called before connect(). This certificate will be used to make the SSL connection.""" self.certfile = certfile def starttls(): """Raises an exception. You cannot do StartTLS inside of an ssl session. Calling starttls() will return an SMTPSSLException""" raise SMTPSSLException, "Cannot perform StartTLS within SSL session." And then my code: import ssmtplib conn = ssmtplib.SMTP_SSL('HOST') conn.login('USERNAME','PW') conn.ehlo() conn.sendmail('FROM_EMAIL', 'TO_EMAIL', "MESSAGE") conn.close() And got this error: /Users/Jake/Desktop/Beth's Program/ssmtplib.py:116: DeprecationWarning: socket.ssl() is deprecated. Use ssl.wrap_socket() instead. sslobj = socket.ssl(self.sock, self.keyfile, self.certfile) Traceback (most recent call last): File "emailer.py", line 5, in conn = ssmtplib.SMTP_SSL('HOST') File "/Users/Jake/Desktop/Beth's Program/ssmtplib.py", line 79, in init smtplib.SMTP.init(self, host, port, local_hostname) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/smtplib.py", line 239, in init (code, msg) = self.connect(host, port) File "/Users/Jake/Desktop/Beth's Program/ssmtplib.py", line 131, in connect self.sock = smtplib.SSLFakeSocket(self.sock, sslobj) AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'SSLFakeSocket' Thank you!

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  • Authlogic Facebook Connect and cucumber

    - by jspooner
    I added the authlogic_facebook_connect plugin to my project and I'm now having problem running my cucumber test because of a NoMethodError. undefined method `set_facebook_session' for nil:NilClass (NoMethodError) In authlogic_facebook_connect/Session.rb the method "authenticating_with_facebook_connect?" is called as some sort of callback and the controller is defined but is missing the 'set_facebook_session' method. def authenticating_with_facebook_connect? controller.set_facebook_session attempted_record.nil? && errors.empty? && controller.facebook_session end I don't understand why the cucumber test is not loading the controller with this method. I also test the app in development and cucumber environments and everything works perfect. Here is the full cucumber output. Feature: Authentication In order to keep security a user should only be able to edit their own profile Background: # features/authorization.feature:4 Given a valid user record for joe_runner # features/step_definitions/user_steps.rb:4 undefined method `set_facebook_session' for nil:NilClass (NoMethodError) ./vendor/plugins/authlogic/lib/authlogic/controller_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb:63:in `send' ./vendor/plugins/authlogic/lib/authlogic/controller_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb:63:in `method_missing' ./vendor/plugins/authlogic_facebook_connect/lib/authlogic_facebook_connect/session.rb:132:in `authenticating_with_facebook_connect?' ./vendor/plugins/authlogic/lib/authlogic/session/callbacks.rb:83:in `validate' ./vendor/plugins/authlogic/lib/authlogic/session/validation.rb:64:in `valid?' ./vendor/plugins/authlogic/lib/authlogic/session/existence.rb:65:in `save' ./vendor/plugins/authlogic/lib/authlogic/session/existence.rb:30:in `create' ./vendor/plugins/authlogic/lib/authlogic/acts_as_authentic/session_maintenance.rb:113:in `create_session' ./vendor/plugins/authlogic/lib/authlogic/acts_as_authentic/session_maintenance.rb:103:in `maintain_sessions' ./features/step_definitions/user_steps.rb:5:in `/^a valid user record for ([\w]*)$/' features/authorization.feature:5:in `Given a valid user record for joe_runner' Scenario: Jonathan can edit his profile but not other users profiles # features/authorization.feature:7 Given jonathan is logged in as an user # features/step_definitions/user_steps.rb:13 When I go to my user edit page # features/step_definitions/web_steps.rb:18 And I press "Update" # features/step_definitions/web_steps.rb:22 Then I should see "Account updated!" # features/step_definitions/web_steps.rb:142 When I go to joe_runner's user edit page # features/step_definitions/web_steps.rb:18 Then I should see "You do not allowed to access to view that page" # features/step_definitions/web_steps.rb:142 Failing Scenarios: cucumber features/authentication.feature:9 # Scenario: Signup cucumber features/authorization.feature:7 # Scenario: Jonathan can edit his profile but not other users profiles 2 scenarios (2 failed) 15 steps (2 failed, 13 skipped) 0m0.173s rake aborted! Command failed with status (1): [/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/...] /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:995:in `sh' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:1010:in `call' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:1010:in `sh' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:1094:in `sh' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:1029:in `ruby' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:1094:in `ruby' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/cucumber-0.6.4/lib/cucumber/rake/task.rb:68:in `run' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/cucumber-0.6.4/lib/cucumber/rake/task.rb:138:in `define_task' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:636:in `call' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:636:in `execute' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:631:in `each' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:631:in `execute' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:597:in `invoke_with_call_chain' /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/1.8/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/monitor.rb:242:in `synchronize' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:590:in `invoke_with_call_chain' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:607:in `invoke_prerequisites' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:604:in `each' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:604:in `invoke_prerequisites' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:596:in `invoke_with_call_chain' /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/1.8/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/monitor.rb:242:in `synchronize' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:590:in `invoke_with_call_chain' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:583:in `invoke' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2051:in `invoke_task' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2029:in `top_level' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2029:in `each' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2029:in `top_level' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2068:in `standard_exception_handling' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2023:in `top_level' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2001:in `run' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:2068:in `standard_exception_handling' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake.rb:1998:in `run' /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/bin/rake:31 /usr/bin/rake:19:in `load' /usr/bin/rake:19 activespoon:base_project jspooner$ There are a couple of blogs that give examples on how to test facebook apps with cucumber but they didn't help because my error comes before these. http://opensoul.org/2009/3/6/testing-facebook-with-cucumber http://ryanbigg.com/2010/03/testing-facebook/

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  • Using Apache FOP from .NET level

    - by Lukasz Kurylo
    In one of my previous posts I was talking about FO.NET which I was using to generate a pdf documents from XSL-FO. FO.NET is one of the .NET ports of Apache FOP. Unfortunatelly it is no longer maintained. I known it when I decidec to use it, because there is a lack of available (free) choices for .NET to render a pdf form XSL-FO. I hoped in this implementation I will find all I need to create a pdf file with my really simple requirements. FO.NET is a port from some old version of Apache FOP and I found really quickly that there is a lack of some features that I needed, like dotted borders, double borders or support for margins. So I started to looking for some alternatives. I didn’t try the NFOP, another port of Apache FOP, because I found something I think much more better, the IKVM.NET project.   IKVM.NET it is not a pdf renderer. So what it is? From the project site:   IKVM.NET is an implementation of Java for Mono and the Microsoft .NET Framework. It includes the following components: a Java Virtual Machine implemented in .NET a .NET implementation of the Java class libraries tools that enable Java and .NET interoperability   In the simplest form IKVM.NET allows to use a Java code library in the C# code and vice versa.   I tried to use an Apache FOP, the best I think open source pdf –> XSL-FO renderer written in Java from my project written in C# using an IKVM.NET and it work like a charm. In the rest of the post I want to show, how to prepare a .NET *.dll class library from Apache FOP *.jar’s with IKVM.NET and generate a simple Hello world pdf document.   To start playing with IKVM.NET and Apache FOP we need to download their packages: IKVM.NET Apache FOP and then unpack them.   From the FOP directory copy all the *.jar’s files from lib and build catalogs to some location, e.g. d:\fop. Second step is to build the *.dll library from these files. On the console execute the following comand:   ikvmc –target:library –out:d:\fop\fop.dll –recurse:d:\fop   The ikvmc is located in the bin subdirectory where you unpacked the IKVM.NET. You must execute this command from this catalog, add this path to the global variable PATH or specify the full path to the bin subdirectory.   In no error occurred during this process, the fop.dll library should be created. Right now we can create a simple project to test if we can create a pdf file.   So let’s create a simple console project application and add reference to the fop.dll and the IKVM dll’s: IKVM.OpenJDK.Core and IKVM.OpenJDK.XML.API.   Full code to generate a pdf file from XSL-FO template:   static void Main(string[] args)         {             //initialize the Apache FOP             FopFactory fopFactory = FopFactory.newInstance();               //in this stream we will get the generated pdf file             OutputStream o = new DotNetOutputMemoryStream();             try             {                 Fop fop = fopFactory.newFop("application/pdf", o);                 TransformerFactory factory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();                 Transformer transformer = factory.newTransformer();                   //read the template from disc                 Source src = new StreamSource(new File("HelloWorld.fo"));                 Result res = new SAXResult(fop.getDefaultHandler());                 transformer.transform(src, res);             }             finally             {                 o.close();             }             using (System.IO.FileStream fs = System.IO.File.Create("HelloWorld.pdf"))             {                 //write from the .NET MemoryStream stream to disc the generated pdf file                 var data = ((DotNetOutputMemoryStream)o).Stream.GetBuffer();                 fs.Write(data, 0, data.Length);             }             Process.Start("HelloWorld.pdf");             System.Console.ReadLine();         }   Apache FOP be default using a Java’s Xalan to work with XML files. I didn’t find a way to replace this piece of code with equivalent from .NET standard library. If any error or warning will occure during generating the pdf file, on the console will ge shown, that’s why I inserted the last line in the sample above. The DotNetOutputMemoryStream this is my wrapper for the Java OutputStream. I have created it to have the possibility to exchange data between the .NET <-> Java objects. It’s implementation:   class DotNetOutputMemoryStream : OutputStream     {         private System.IO.MemoryStream ms = new System.IO.MemoryStream();         public System.IO.MemoryStream Stream         {             get             {                 return ms;             }         }         public override void write(int i)         {             ms.WriteByte((byte)i);         }         public override void write(byte[] b, int off, int len)         {             ms.Write(b, off, len);         }         public override void write(byte[] b)         {             ms.Write(b, 0, b.Length);         }         public override void close()         {             ms.Close();         }         public override void flush()         {             ms.Flush();         }     } The last thing we need, this is the HelloWorld.fo template.   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">   <fo:layout-master-set>     <fo:simple-page-master master-name="simple"                   page-height="29.7cm"                   page-width="21cm"                   margin-top="1.8cm"                   margin-bottom="0.8cm"                   margin-left="1.6cm"                   margin-right="1.2cm">       <fo:region-body margin-top="3cm"/>       <fo:region-before extent="3cm"/>       <fo:region-after extent="1.5cm"/>     </fo:simple-page-master>   </fo:layout-master-set>   <fo:page-sequence master-reference="simple">     <fo:flow flow-name="xsl-region-body">       <fo:block font-size="18pt" color="black" text-align="center">         Hello, World!       </fo:block>     </fo:flow>   </fo:page-sequence> </fo:root>   I’m not going to explain how how this template is created, because this will be covered in the near future posts.   Generated pdf file should look that:

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  • Custom View embed in Gallery crashes while key press

    - by tao
    Hi there, I'd like to find some stuff to replace the Tab component, so I'd make a custom View named StringView, which has the ability to display text, and to embed it into a Gallery. But it always crashes with error "NullPointerException at InputMethodManager". I have no idea about this, any help&tip&suggest are appreciate. Detail of my issue: First I'd created a class StringView extends View: public class StringView extends View { protected final Paint mPaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG); protected String mString; protected int mAscent; // Constructor public StringView(Context context, String string) { super(context); mPaint.setARGB(255, 255, 60, 10); mPaint.setTextSize(30); //mPaint.setFakeBoldText(true); mString = string; setPadding(20,15,20,15); } @Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { super.onDraw(canvas); int w = this.getPaddingLeft(); int h = this.getPaddingTop() - mAscent; canvas.drawText(mString, w, h, mPaint); } public void setString(String str) { mString = str; this.requestLayout(); this.invalidate(); } public String getString() { return mString; } @Override protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) { setMeasuredDimension(measureWidth(widthMeasureSpec), measureHeight(heightMeasureSpec)); } /** * Determines the width of this view * @param measureSpec A measureSpec packed into an int * @return The width of the view, honoring constraints from measureSpec */ private int measureWidth(int measureSpec) { int result = 0; int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec); int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec); if (specMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) { // We were told how big to be result = specSize; } else { // Measure the text result = (int) mPaint.measureText(mString) + getPaddingLeft() + getPaddingRight(); if (specMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) { // Respect AT_MOST value if that was what is called for by measureSpec result = Math.min(result, specSize); } } return result; } /** * Determines the height of this view * @param measureSpec A measureSpec packed into an int * @return The height of the view, honoring constraints from measureSpec */ private int measureHeight(int measureSpec) { int result = 0; int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec); int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec); mAscent = (int) mPaint.ascent(); if (specMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) { // We were told how big to be result = specSize; } else { // Measure the text (beware: ascent is a negative number) result = (int) (-mAscent + mPaint.descent()) + getPaddingTop() + getPaddingBottom(); if (specMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) { // Respect AT_MOST value if that was what is called for by measureSpec result = Math.min(result, specSize); } } return result; } } Second I put it in to Gallery through Adapter Gallery gallery = (Gallery) findViewById(R.id.gallery); gallery.setAdapter(new ImageAdapter(this)); ImageAdapter: public class ImageAdapter extends BaseAdapter { int mGalleryItemBackground; private Context mContext; private View[] mImages = genSerielImageViews(); public ImageAdapter(Context c) { mContext = c; TypedArray a = obtainStyledAttributes(R.styleable.Gallery); mGalleryItemBackground = a.getResourceId( R.styleable.Gallery_android_galleryItemBackground, 0); a.recycle(); } private View[] genSerielImageViews() { if (true) { int N = 6; StringView[] views = new StringView[N]; for (int i=0; i<N; i++) { views[i] = new StringView(mContext, "ITEM #" + Integer.toString(i) ); } return views; } else { int N = 6; TextView[] views = new TextView[N]; for (int i=0; i<N; i++) { views[i] = new TextView( mContext ); views[i].setText("CCTV #" + Integer.toString(i) ); } return views; } } public int getCount() { return mImages.length; } public Object getItem(int position) { return position; } public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { return mImages[position]; } } Then Compile&Run, press keypad RIGHT and I got a crash, It's turns out a weird InputMethodManager error: 03-18 07:22:33.568: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(958): Uncaught handler: thread main exiting due to uncaught exception 03-18 07:22:33.648: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(958): java.lang.NullPointerException 03-18 07:22:33.648: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(958): at android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager.startInputInner(InputMethodManager.java:940) 03-18 07:22:33.648: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(958): at android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager.checkFocus(InputMethodManager.java:1114) 03-18 07:22:33.648: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(958): at android.view.ViewRoot.handleMessage(ViewRoot.java:1869) 03-18 07:22:33.648: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(958): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99) 03-18 07:22:33.648: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(958): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123) 03-18 07:22:33.648: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(958): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4310) 03-18 07:22:33.648: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(958): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 03-18 07:22:33.648: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(958): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521) 03-18 07:22:33.648: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(958): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:860) 03-18 07:22:33.648: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(958): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:618) 03-18 07:22:33.648: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(958): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) Thanks.

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  • ASP.NET MVC: Using ProfileRequiredAttribute to restrict access to pages

    - by DigiMortal
    If you are using AppFabric Access Control Services to authenticate users when they log in to your community site using Live ID, Google or some other popular identity provider, you need more than AuthorizeAttribute to make sure that users can access the content that is there for authenticated users only. In this posting I will show you hot to extend the AuthorizeAttribute so users must also have user profile filled. Semi-authorized users When user is authenticated through external identity provider then not all identity providers give us user name or other information we ask users when they join with our site. What all identity providers have in common is unique ID that helps you identify the user. Example. Users authenticated through Windows Live ID by AppFabric ACS have no name specified. Google’s identity provider is able to provide you with user name and e-mail address if user agrees to publish this information to you. They both give you unique ID of user when user is successfully authenticated in their service. There is logical shift between ASP.NET and my site when considering user as authorized. For ASP.NET MVC user is authorized when user has identity. For my site user is authorized when user has profile and row in my users table. Having profile means that user has unique username in my system and he or she is always identified by this username by other users. My solution is simple: I created my own action filter attribute that makes sure if user has profile to access given method and if user has no profile then browser is redirected to join page. Illustrating the problem Usually we restrict access to page using AuthorizeAttribute. Code is something like this. [Authorize] public ActionResult Details(string id) {     var profile = _userRepository.GetUserByUserName(id);     return View(profile); } If this page is only for site users and we have user profiles then all users – the ones that have profile and all the others that are just authenticated – can access the information. It is okay because all these users have successfully logged in in some service that is supported by AppFabric ACS. In my site the users with no profile are in grey spot. They are on half way to be users because they have no username and profile on my site yet. So looking at the image above again we need something that adds profile existence condition to user-only content. [ProfileRequired] public ActionResult Details(string id) {     var profile = _userRepository.GetUserByUserName(id);     return View(profile); } Now, this attribute will solve our problem as soon as we implement it. ProfileRequiredAttribute: Profiles are required to be fully authorized Here is my implementation of ProfileRequiredAttribute. It is pretty new and right now it is more like working draft but you can already play with it. public class ProfileRequiredAttribute : AuthorizeAttribute {     private readonly string _redirectUrl;       public ProfileRequiredAttribute()     {         _redirectUrl = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["JoinUrl"];         if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(_redirectUrl))             _redirectUrl = "~/";     }              public override void OnAuthorization(AuthorizationContext filterContext)     {         base.OnAuthorization(filterContext);           var httpContext = filterContext.HttpContext;         var identity = httpContext.User.Identity;           if (!identity.IsAuthenticated || identity.GetProfile() == null)             if(filterContext.Result == null)                 httpContext.Response.Redirect(_redirectUrl);          } } All methods with this attribute work as follows: if user is not authenticated then he or she is redirected to AppFabric ACS identity provider selection page, if user is authenticated but has no profile then user is by default redirected to main page of site but if you have application setting with name JoinUrl then user is redirected to this URL. First case is handled by AuthorizeAttribute and the second one is handled by custom logic in ProfileRequiredAttribute class. GetProfile() extension method To get user profile using less code in places where profiles are needed I wrote GetProfile() extension method for IIdentity interface. There are some more extension methods that read out user and identity provider identifier from claims and based on this information user profile is read from database. If you take this code with copy and paste I am sure it doesn’t work for you but you get the idea. public static User GetProfile(this IIdentity identity) {     if (identity == null)         return null;       var context = HttpContext.Current;     if (context.Items["UserProfile"] != null)         return context.Items["UserProfile"] as User;       var provider = identity.GetIdentityProvider();     var nameId = identity.GetNameIdentifier();       var rep = ObjectFactory.GetInstance<IUserRepository>();     var profile = rep.GetUserByProviderAndNameId(provider, nameId);       context.Items["UserProfile"] = profile;       return profile; } To avoid round trips to database I cache user profile to current request because the chance that profile gets changed meanwhile is very minimal. The other reason is maybe more tricky – profile objects are coming from Entity Framework context and context has also HTTP request as lifecycle. Conclusion This posting gave you some ideas how to finish user profiles stuff when you use AppFabric ACS as external authentication provider. Although there was little shift between us and ASP.NET MVC with interpretation of “authorized” we were easily able to solve the problem by extending AuthorizeAttribute to get all our requirements fulfilled. We also write extension method for IIdentity that returns as user profile based on username and caches the profile in HTTP request scope.

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  • Unable to Start Activity ComponentInfo when Starting a New Activity

    - by Timtim17
    {I know there's already a whole bunch of questions like this, but I can't see any problems that related to my program.} I have an Android App that is supposed to take a name from a EditText and put it in a TextView in another activity. It previously worked, but then I wanted it to start another activity if the EditText's value was equal to "ANDROID". However, now the app crashes whenever I try to start either activity. First Activity: package net.timtim17.dev.android.fun.nametag; import android.os.Bundle; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Intent; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; public class MainActivity extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); final EditText et = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1); Button submit = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1); submit.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){ @Override public void onClick(View v) { String text = et.getText().toString(); if(text.equals("ANDROID")){ Intent android = new Intent(MainActivity.this, AndroidNameTag.class); startActivity(android); }else{ Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, NameTag.class); intent.putExtra("name", text); startActivity(intent); } } }); } } NameTag Activity: package net.timtim17.dev.android.fun.nametag; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.TextView; public class NameTag extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_tag); TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView2); tv.setText(getIntent().getExtras().getString("name")); } } AndroidNameTag Activity: package net.timtim17.dev.android.fun.nametag; import android.app.Activity; import android.graphics.drawable.AnimationDrawable; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.ImageView; public class AndroidNameTag extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_android); ImageView iv = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView1); iv.setBackgroundResource(R.anim.animation); AnimationDrawable anim = (AnimationDrawable) iv.getBackground(); anim.start(); } } LogCat Error: 10-26 11:26:35.602: E/AndroidRuntime(2900): FATAL EXCEPTION: main 10-26 11:26:35.602: E/AndroidRuntime(2900): java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{net.timtim17.dev.android.fun.nametag/net.timtim17.dev.android.fun.nametag.NameTag}: java.lang.NullPointerException 10-26 11:26:35.602: E/AndroidRuntime(2900): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2211) 10-26 11:26:35.602: E/AndroidRuntime(2900): at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2261) 10-26 11:26:35.602: E/AndroidRuntime(2900): at android.app.ActivityThread.access$600(ActivityThread.java:141) 10-26 11:26:35.602: E/AndroidRuntime(2900): at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1256) 10-26 11:26:35.602: E/AndroidRuntime(2900): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99) 10-26 11:26:35.602: E/AndroidRuntime(2900): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137) 10-26 11:26:35.602: E/AndroidRuntime(2900): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5103) 10-26 11:26:35.602: E/AndroidRuntime(2900): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 10-26 11:26:35.602: E/AndroidRuntime(2900): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:525) 10-26 11:26:35.602: E/AndroidRuntime(2900): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:737) 10-26 11:26:35.602: E/AndroidRuntime(2900): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:553) 10-26 11:26:35.602: E/AndroidRuntime(2900): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) 10-26 11:26:35.602: E/AndroidRuntime(2900): Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException 10-26 11:26:35.602: E/AndroidRuntime(2900): at net.timtim17.dev.android.fun.nametag.NameTag.onCreate(NameTag.java:15) 10-26 11:26:35.602: E/AndroidRuntime(2900): at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5133) 10-26 11:26:35.602: E/AndroidRuntime(2900): at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1087) 10-26 11:26:35.602: E/AndroidRuntime(2900): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2175) 10-26 11:26:35.602: E/AndroidRuntime(2900): ... 11 more MainActivity Layout: <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context=".MainActivity" > <TextView android:id="@+id/textView1" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignParentLeft="true" android:layout_alignParentTop="true" android:layout_marginTop="16dp" android:text="@string/main_text" android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" /> <Button android:id="@+id/button1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignRight="@+id/textView1" android:layout_below="@+id/textView1" android:layout_marginTop="14dp" android:text="@string/submit_button" /> <EditText android:id="@+id/editText1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/textView1" android:layout_alignTop="@+id/button1" android:ems="10" android:inputType="textPersonName" > <requestFocus /> </EditText>

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  • Problem with custom Dialog Android

    - by Nanis
    Hi, I have a custom Dialog on my app and I have a problem to do what I would like. I explain. My Dialog have had 4 Buttons. (Back, Valid, Modify and Restore) When user click on Modify or Valid I would like to call another activity. So I use Intent but it crash. The error Log : 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): java.lang.NullPointerException 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at android.content.ComponentName.(ComponentName.java:75) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at android.content.Intent.(Intent.java:2551) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at com.android.booztermobile.activity.HeaderMailDisplayActivity.onClick(HeaderMailDisplayActivity.java:571) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:2364) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at android.view.View.onTouchEvent(View.java:4179) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at android.widget.TextView.onTouchEvent(TextView.java:6540) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at android.view.View.dispatchTouchEvent(View.java:3709) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:884) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:884) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:884) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:884) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:884) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchTouchEvent(ViewGroup.java:884) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.superDispatchTouchEvent(PhoneWindow.java:1659) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow.superDispatchTouchEvent(PhoneWindow.java:1107) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at android.app.Dialog.dispatchTouchEvent(Dialog.java:643) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.dispatchTouchEvent(PhoneWindow.java:1643) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at android.view.ViewRoot.handleMessage(ViewRoot.java:1691) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4363) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:860) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:618) 05-19 13:29:21.495: ERROR/DEBUGTAG(974): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) My custom Dialog : package com.android.booztermobile.services; import com.android.booztermobile.R; import android.app.Dialog; import android.content.Context; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; import android.widget.Button; public class MailDialog extends Dialog { private Button btnValid; private Button btnBack; private Button btnRestore; private Button btnModify; private Context context; public MailDialog(Context cont) { super(cont); context = cont; } @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); Log.d("TestApp", "Dialog created"); setContentView(R.layout.dialog_classement); btnValid = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnValidClassement); btnBack = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnBackClassement); btnRestore = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnRestoreClassement); btnModify = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnModifyClassement); } } and the activity (cut because too long): //create dialog public void getMailInformations(View v, Context context){ currentMail = (MailHeader) v.getTag(); dial = new MailDialog(context); dial.setTitle("Classement"); dial.show(); btnValidClassement = (Button) dial.findViewById(R.id.btnValidClassement); btnValidClassement.setOnClickListener(this); } /** the Onclick : */ public void onClick(View view) { if(view == btnValidClassement){ try{ ClassementHandlerCall classement = new ClassementHandlerCall(); boolean mailClassify = classement.classifyMail(AuthentificationActivity.uidh, String.valueOf(currentMail.getSeqnum()), null, null); dial.dismiss(); if (mailClassify == true){ // create Intent Intent defineIntentDisplayPreviousMails = new Intent(HeaderMailDisplayActivity.this, ClassementActivity.class); } }catch(Exception e){ // TODO Auto-generated catch block Log.e("DEBUGTAG","Error occured", e); e.printStackTrace(); } } }

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  • Securing WebSocket applications on Glassfish

    - by Pavel Bucek
    Today we are going to cover deploying secured WebSocket applications on Glassfish and access to these services using WebSocket Client API. WebSocket server application setup Our server endpoint might look as simple as this: @ServerEndpoint("/echo") public class EchoEndpoint { @OnMessage   public String echo(String message) {     return message + " (from your server)";   } } Everything else must be configured on container level. We can start with enabling SSL, which will require web.xml to be added to your project. For starters, it might look as following: <web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee">   <security-constraint>     <web-resource-collection>       <web-resource-name>Protected resource</web-resource-name>       <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>       <http-method>GET</http-method>     </web-resource-collection>     <!-- https -->     <user-data-constraint>       <transport-guarantee>CONFIDENTIAL</transport-guarantee>     </user-data-constraint>   </security-constraint> </web-app> This is minimal web.xml for this task - web-resource-collection just defines URL pattern and HTTP method(s) we want to put a constraint on and user-data-constraint defines that constraint, which is in our case transport-guarantee. More information about these properties and security settings for web application can be found in Oracle Java EE 7 Tutorial. I have some simple webpage attached as well, so I can test my endpoint right away. You can find it (along with complete project) in Tyrus workspace: [webpage] [whole project]. After deploying this application to Glassfish Application Server, you should be able to hit it using your favorite browser. URL where my application resides is https://localhost:8181/sample-echo-https/ (may be different, depends on other configuration). My browser warns me about untrusted certificate (I use what freshly built Glassfish provides - self signed certificates) and after adding an exception for this site, I can see my webpage and I am able to securely connect to wss://localhost:8181/sample-echo-https/echo. WebSocket client Already mentioned demo application also contains test client, but execution of this is skipped for normal build. Reason for this is that Glassfish uses these self-signed "random" untrusted certificates and you are (in most cases) not able to connect to these services without any additional settings. Creating test WebSocket client is actually quite similar to server side, only difference is that you have to somewhere create client container and invoke connect with some additional info. Java API for WebSocket allows you to use annotated and programmatic way to construct endpoints. Server side shows the annotated case, so let's see how the programmatic approach will look. final WebSocketContainer client = ContainerProvider.getWebSocketContainer(); client.connectToServer(new Endpoint() {   @Override   public void onOpen(Session session, EndpointConfig EndpointConfig) {     try {       // register message handler - will just print out the       // received message on standard output.       session.addMessageHandler(new MessageHandler.Whole<String>() {       @Override         public void onMessage(String message) {          System.out.println("### Received: " + message);         }       });       // send a message       session.getBasicRemote().sendText("Do or do not, there is no try.");     } catch (IOException e) {       // do nothing     }   } }, ClientEndpointConfig.Builder.create().build(),    URI.create("wss://localhost:8181/sample-echo-https/echo")); This client should work with some secured endpoint with valid certificated signed by some trusted certificate authority (you can try that with wss://echo.websocket.org). Accessing our Glassfish instance will require some additional settings. You can tell Java which certificated you trust by adding -Djavax.net.ssl.trustStore property (and few others in case you are using linked sample). Complete command line when you are testing your service might need to look somewhat like: mvn clean test -Djavax.net.ssl.trustStore=$AS_MAIN/domains/domain1/config/cacerts.jks\ -Djavax.net.ssl.trustStorePassword=changeit -Dtyrus.test.host=localhost\ -DskipTests=false Where AS_MAIN points to your Glassfish instance. Note: you might need to setup keyStore and trustStore per client instead of per JVM; there is a way how to do it, but it is Tyrus proprietary feature: http://tyrus.java.net/documentation/1.2.1/user-guide.html#d0e1128. And that's it! Now nobody is able to "hear" what you are sending to or receiving from your WebSocket endpoint. There is always room for improvement, so the next step you might want to take is introduce some authentication mechanism (like HTTP Basic or Digest). This topic is more about container configuration so I'm not going to go into details, but there is one thing worth mentioning: to access services which require authorization, you might need to put this additional information to HTTP headers of first (Upgrade) request (there is not (yet) any direct support even for these fundamental mechanisms, user need to register Configurator and add headers in beforeRequest method invocation). I filed related feature request as TYRUS-228; feel free to comment/vote if you need this functionality.

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  • Use a Fake Http Channel to Unit Test with HttpClient

    - by Steve Michelotti
    Applications get data from lots of different sources. The most common is to get data from a database or a web service. Typically, we encapsulate calls to a database in a Repository object and we create some sort of IRepository interface as an abstraction to decouple between layers and enable easier unit testing by leveraging faking and mocking. This works great for database interaction. However, when consuming a RESTful web service, this is is not always the best approach. The WCF Web APIs that are available on CodePlex (current drop is Preview 3) provide a variety of features to make building HTTP REST services more robust. When you download the latest bits, you’ll also find a new HttpClient which has been updated for .NET 4.0 as compared to the one that shipped for 3.5 in the original REST Starter Kit. The HttpClient currently provides the best API for consuming REST services on the .NET platform and the WCF Web APIs provide a number of extension methods which extend HttpClient and make it even easier to use. Let’s say you have a client application that is consuming an HTTP service – this could be Silverlight, WPF, or any UI technology but for my example I’ll use an MVC application: 1: using System; 2: using System.Net.Http; 3: using System.Web.Mvc; 4: using FakeChannelExample.Models; 5: using Microsoft.Runtime.Serialization; 6:   7: namespace FakeChannelExample.Controllers 8: { 9: public class HomeController : Controller 10: { 11: private readonly HttpClient httpClient; 12:   13: public HomeController(HttpClient httpClient) 14: { 15: this.httpClient = httpClient; 16: } 17:   18: public ActionResult Index() 19: { 20: var response = httpClient.Get("Person(1)"); 21: var person = response.Content.ReadAsDataContract<Person>(); 22:   23: this.ViewBag.Message = person.FirstName + " " + person.LastName; 24: 25: return View(); 26: } 27: } 28: } On line #20 of the code above you can see I’m performing an HTTP GET request to a Person resource exposed by an HTTP service. On line #21, I use the ReadAsDataContract() extension method provided by the WCF Web APIs to serialize to a Person object. In this example, the HttpClient is being passed into the constructor by MVC’s dependency resolver – in this case, I’m using StructureMap as an IoC and my StructureMap initialization code looks like this: 1: using StructureMap; 2: using System.Net.Http; 3:   4: namespace FakeChannelExample 5: { 6: public static class IoC 7: { 8: public static IContainer Initialize() 9: { 10: ObjectFactory.Initialize(x => 11: { 12: x.For<HttpClient>().Use(() => new HttpClient("http://localhost:31614/")); 13: }); 14: return ObjectFactory.Container; 15: } 16: } 17: } My controller code currently depends on a concrete instance of the HttpClient. Now I *could* create some sort of interface and wrap the HttpClient in this interface and use that object inside my controller instead – however, there are a few why reasons that is not desirable: For one thing, the API provided by the HttpClient provides nice features for dealing with HTTP services. I don’t really *want* these to look like C# RPC method calls – when HTTP services have REST features, I may want to inspect HTTP response headers and hypermedia contained within the message so that I can make intelligent decisions as to what to do next in my workflow (although I don’t happen to be doing these things in my example above) – this type of workflow is common in hypermedia REST scenarios. If I just encapsulate HttpClient behind some IRepository interface and make it look like a C# RPC method call, it will become difficult to take advantage of these types of things. Second, it could get pretty mind-numbing to have to create interfaces all over the place just to wrap the HttpClient. Then you’re probably going to have to hard-code HTTP knowledge into your code to formulate requests rather than just “following the links” that the hypermedia in a message might provide. Third, at first glance it might appear that we need to create an interface to facilitate unit testing, but actually it’s unnecessary. Even though the code above is dependent on a concrete type, it’s actually very easy to fake the data in a unit test. The HttpClient provides a Channel property (of type HttpMessageChannel) which allows you to create a fake message channel which can be leveraged in unit testing. In this case, what I want is to be able to write a unit test that just returns fake data. I also want this to be as re-usable as possible for my unit testing. I want to be able to write a unit test that looks like this: 1: [TestClass] 2: public class HomeControllerTest 3: { 4: [TestMethod] 5: public void Index() 6: { 7: // Arrange 8: var httpClient = new HttpClient("http://foo.com"); 9: httpClient.Channel = new FakeHttpChannel<Person>(new Person { FirstName = "Joe", LastName = "Blow" }); 10:   11: HomeController controller = new HomeController(httpClient); 12:   13: // Act 14: ViewResult result = controller.Index() as ViewResult; 15:   16: // Assert 17: Assert.AreEqual("Joe Blow", result.ViewBag.Message); 18: } 19: } Notice on line #9, I’m setting the Channel property of the HttpClient to be a fake channel. I’m also specifying the fake object that I want to be in the response on my “fake” Http request. I don’t need to rely on any mocking frameworks to do this. All I need is my FakeHttpChannel. The code to do this is not complex: 1: using System; 2: using System.IO; 3: using System.Net.Http; 4: using System.Runtime.Serialization; 5: using System.Threading; 6: using FakeChannelExample.Models; 7:   8: namespace FakeChannelExample.Tests 9: { 10: public class FakeHttpChannel<T> : HttpClientChannel 11: { 12: private T responseObject; 13:   14: public FakeHttpChannel(T responseObject) 15: { 16: this.responseObject = responseObject; 17: } 18:   19: protected override HttpResponseMessage Send(HttpRequestMessage request, CancellationToken cancellationToken) 20: { 21: return new HttpResponseMessage() 22: { 23: RequestMessage = request, 24: Content = new StreamContent(this.GetContentStream()) 25: }; 26: } 27:   28: private Stream GetContentStream() 29: { 30: var serializer = new DataContractSerializer(typeof(T)); 31: Stream stream = new MemoryStream(); 32: serializer.WriteObject(stream, this.responseObject); 33: stream.Position = 0; 34: return stream; 35: } 36: } 37: } The HttpClientChannel provides a Send() method which you can override to return any HttpResponseMessage that you want. You can see I’m using the DataContractSerializer to serialize the object and write it to a stream. That’s all you need to do. In the example above, the only thing I’ve chosen to do is to provide a way to return different response objects. But there are many more features you could add to your own re-usable FakeHttpChannel. For example, you might want to provide the ability to add HTTP headers to the message. You might want to use a different serializer other than the DataContractSerializer. You might want to provide custom hypermedia in the response as well as just an object or set HTTP response codes. This list goes on. This is the just one example of the really cool features being added to the next version of WCF to enable various HTTP scenarios. The code sample for this post can be downloaded here.

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  • Implementation question involving implementing an interface

    - by Vivin Paliath
    I'm writing a set of collection classes for different types of Trees. I'm doing this as a learning exercise and I'm also hoping it turns out to be something useful. I really want to do this the right way and so I've been reading Effective Java and I've also been looking at the way Joshua Bloch implemented the collection classes by looking at the source. I seem to have a fair idea of what is being done, but I still have a few things to sort out. I have a Node<T> interface and an AbstractNode<T> class that implements the Node interface. I then created a GenericNode<T> (a node that can have 0 to n children, and that is part of an n-ary tree) class that extends AbstractNode<T> and implements Node<T>. This part was easy. Next, I created a Tree<T> interface and an AbstractTree<T> class that implements the Tree<T> interface. After that, I started writing a GenericTree<T> class that extends AbstractTree<T> and implements Tree<T>. This is where I started having problems. As far as the design is concerned, a GenericTree<T> can only consist of nodes of type GenericTreeNode<T>. This includes the root. In my Tree<T> interface I have: public interface Tree<T> { void setRoot(Node<T> root); Node<T> getRoot(); List<Node<T>> postOrder(); ... rest omitted ... } And, AbstractTree<T> implements this interface: public abstract class AbstractTree<T> implements Tree<T> { protected Node<T> root; protected AbstractTree() { } protected AbstractTree(Node<T> root) { this.root = root; } public void setRoot(Node<T> root) { this.root = root; } public Node<T> getRoot() { return this.root; } ... rest omitted ... } In GenericTree<T>, I can have: public GenericTree(Node<T> root) { super(root); } But what this means is that you can create a generic tree using any subtype of Node<T>. You can also set the root of a tree to any subtype of Node<T>. I want to be able to restrict the type of the node to the type of the tree that it can represent. To fix this, I can do this: public GenericTree(GenericNode<T> root) { super(root); } However, setRoot still accepts a parameter of type Node<T>. Which means a user can still create a tree with the wrong type of root node. How do I enforce this constraint? The only way I can think of doing is either: Do an instanceof which limits the check to runtime. I'm not a huge fan of this. Remove setRoot from the interface and have the base class implement this method. This means that it is not part of the contract and anyone who wants to make a new type of tree needs to remember to implement this method. Is there a better way? The second question I have concerns the return type of postOrder which is List<Node<T>>. This means that if a user is operating on a GenericTree<T> object and calls postOrder, he or she receives a list that consists of Node<T> objects. This means when iterating through (using a foreach construct) they would have perform an explicit cast to GenericNode<T> if they want to use methods that are only defined in that class. I don't like having to place this burden on the user. What are my options in this case? I can only think of removing the method from the interface and have the subclass implement this method making sure that it returns a list of appropriate subtype of Node<T>. However, this once again removes it from the contract and it's anyone who wants to create a new type of tree has to remember to implement this method. Is there a better way?

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  • Jquery Live Function

    - by marharépa
    Hi! I want to make this script to work as LIVE() function. Please help me! $(".img img").each(function() { $(this).cjObjectScaler({ destElem: $(this).parent(), method: "fit" }); }); the cjObjectScaler script (called in the html header) is this: (thanks for Doug Jones) (function ($) { jQuery.fn.imagesLoaded = function (callback) { var elems = this.filter('img'), len = elems.length; elems.bind('load', function () { if (--len <= 0) { callback.call(elems, this); } }).each(function () { // cached images don't fire load sometimes, so we reset src. if (this.complete || this.complete === undefined) { var src = this.src; // webkit hack from http://groups.google.com/group/jquery-dev/browse_thread/thread/eee6ab7b2da50e1f this.src = '#'; this.src = src; } }); }; })(jQuery); /* CJ Object Scaler */ (function ($) { jQuery.fn.cjObjectScaler = function (options) { /* user variables (settings) ***************************************/ var settings = { // must be a jQuery object method: "fill", // the parent object to scale our object into destElem: null, // fit|fill fade: 0 // if positive value, do hide/fadeIn }; /* system variables ***************************************/ var sys = { // function parameters version: '2.1.1', elem: null }; /* scale the image ***************************************/ function scaleObj(obj) { // declare some local variables var destW = jQuery(settings.destElem).width(), destH = jQuery(settings.destElem).height(), ratioX, ratioY, scale, newWidth, newHeight, borderW = parseInt(jQuery(obj).css("borderLeftWidth"), 10) + parseInt(jQuery(obj).css("borderRightWidth"), 10), borderH = parseInt(jQuery(obj).css("borderTopWidth"), 10) + parseInt(jQuery(obj).css("borderBottomWidth"), 10), objW = jQuery(obj).width(), objH = jQuery(obj).height(); // check for valid border values. IE takes in account border size when calculating width/height so just set to 0 borderW = isNaN(borderW) ? 0 : borderW; borderH = isNaN(borderH) ? 0 : borderH; // calculate scale ratios ratioX = destW / jQuery(obj).width(); ratioY = destH / jQuery(obj).height(); // Determine which algorithm to use if (!jQuery(obj).hasClass("cf_image_scaler_fill") && (jQuery(obj).hasClass("cf_image_scaler_fit") || settings.method === "fit")) { scale = ratioX < ratioY ? ratioX : ratioY; } else if (!jQuery(obj).hasClass("cf_image_scaler_fit") && (jQuery(obj).hasClass("cf_image_scaler_fill") || settings.method === "fill")) { scale = ratioX < ratioY ? ratioX : ratioY; } // calculate our new image dimensions newWidth = parseInt(jQuery(obj).width() * scale, 10) - borderW; newHeight = parseInt(jQuery(obj).height() * scale, 10) - borderH; // Set new dimensions & offset jQuery(obj).css({ "width": newWidth + "px", "height": newHeight + "px"//, // "position": "absolute", // "top": (parseInt((destH - newHeight) / 2, 10) - parseInt(borderH / 2, 10)) + "px", // "left": (parseInt((destW - newWidth) / 2, 10) - parseInt(borderW / 2, 10)) + "px" }).attr({ "width": newWidth, "height": newHeight }); // do our fancy fade in, if user supplied a fade amount if (settings.fade > 0) { jQuery(obj).fadeIn(settings.fade); } } /* set up any user passed variables ***************************************/ if (options) { jQuery.extend(settings, options); } /* main ***************************************/ return this.each(function () { sys.elem = this; // if they don't provide a destObject, use parent if (settings.destElem === null) { settings.destElem = jQuery(sys.elem).parent(); } // need to make sure the user set the parent's position. Things go bonker's if not set. // valid values: absolute|relative|fixed if (jQuery(settings.destElem).css("position") === "static") { jQuery(settings.destElem).css({ "position": "relative" }); } // if our object to scale is an image, we need to make sure it's loaded before we continue. if (typeof sys.elem === "object" && typeof settings.destElem === "object" && typeof settings.method === "string") { // if the user supplied a fade amount, hide our image if (settings.fade > 0) { jQuery(sys.elem).hide(); } if (sys.elem.nodeName === "IMG") { // to fix the weird width/height caching issue we set the image dimensions to be auto; jQuery(sys.elem).width("auto"); jQuery(sys.elem).height("auto"); // wait until the image is loaded before scaling jQuery(sys.elem).imagesLoaded(function () { scaleObj(this); }); } else { scaleObj(jQuery(sys.elem)); } } else { console.debug("CJ Object Scaler could not initialize."); return; } }); }; })(jQuery);

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  • Prim's MST algorithm implementation with Java

    - by user1290164
    I'm trying to write a program that'll find the MST of a given undirected weighted graph with Kruskal's and Prim's algorithms. I've successfully implemented Kruskal's algorithm in the program, but I'm having trouble with Prim's. To be more precise, I can't figure out how to actually build the Prim function so that it'll iterate through all the vertices in the graph. I'm getting some IndexOutOfBoundsException errors during program execution. I'm not sure how much information is needed for others to get the idea of what I have done so far, but hopefully there won't be too much useless information. This is what I have so far: I have a Graph, Edge and a Vertex class. Vertex class mostly just an information storage that contains the name (number) of the vertex. Edge class can create a new Edge that has gets parameters (Vertex start, Vertex end, int edgeWeight). The class has methods to return the usual info like start vertex, end vertex and the weight. Graph class reads data from a text file and adds new Edges to an ArrayList. The text file also tells us how many vertecis the graph has, and that gets stored too. In the Graph class, I have a Prim() -method that's supposed to calculate the MST: public ArrayList<Edge> Prim(Graph G) { ArrayList<Edge> edges = G.graph; // Copies the ArrayList with all edges in it. ArrayList<Edge> MST = new ArrayList<Edge>(); Random rnd = new Random(); Vertex startingVertex = edges.get(rnd.nextInt(G.returnVertexCount())).returnStartingVertex(); // This is just to randomize the starting vertex. // This is supposed to be the main loop to find the MST, but this is probably horribly wrong.. while (MST.size() < returnVertexCount()) { Edge e = findClosestNeighbour(startingVertex); MST.add(e); visited.add(e.returnStartingVertex()); visited.add(e.returnEndingVertex()); edges.remove(e); } return MST; } The method findClosesNeighbour() looks like this: public Edge findClosestNeighbour(Vertex v) { ArrayList<Edge> neighbours = new ArrayList<Edge>(); ArrayList<Edge> edges = graph; for (int i = 0; i < edges.size() -1; ++i) { if (edges.get(i).endPoint() == s.returnVertexID() && !visited(edges.get(i).returnEndingVertex())) { neighbours.add(edges.get(i)); } } return neighbours.get(0); // This is the minimum weight edge in the list. } ArrayList<Vertex> visited and ArrayList<Edges> graph get constructed when creating a new graph. Visited() -method is simply a boolean check to see if ArrayList visited contains the Vertex we're thinking about moving to. I tested the findClosestNeighbour() independantly and it seemed to be working but if someone finds something wrong with it then that feedback is welcome also. Mainly though as I mentioned my problem is with actually building the main loop in the Prim() -method, and if there's any additional info needed I'm happy to provide it. Thank you. Edit: To clarify what my train of thought with the Prim() method is. What I want to do is first randomize the starting point in the graph. After that, I will find the closest neighbor to that starting point. Then we'll add the edge connecting those two points to the MST, and also add the vertices to the visited list for checking later, so that we won't form any loops in the graph. Here's the error that gets thrown: Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException: Index: 0, Size: 0 at java.util.ArrayList.rangeCheck(Unknown Source) at java.util.ArrayList.get(Unknown Source) at Graph.findClosestNeighbour(graph.java:203) at Graph.Prim(graph.java:179) at MST.main(MST.java:49) Line 203: return neighbour.get(0); in findClosestNeighbour() Line 179: Edge e = findClosestNeighbour(startingVertex); in Prim()

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