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• rkhunter: right way to handle warnings further?

  - by zuba

  I googled some and checked out two first links it found: http://www.skullbox.net/rkhunter.php http://www.techerator.com/2011/07/how-to-detect-rootkits-in-linux-with-rkhunter/ They don't mention what shall I do in case of such warnings: Warning: The command '/bin/which' has been replaced by a script: /bin/which: POSIX shell script text executable Warning: The command '/usr/sbin/adduser' has been replaced by a script: /usr/sbin/adduser: a /usr/bin/perl script text executable Warning: The command '/usr/bin/ldd' has been replaced by a script: /usr/bin/ldd: Bourne-Again shell script text executable Warning: The file properties have changed: File: /usr/bin/lynx Current hash: 95e81c36428c9d955e8915a7b551b1ffed2c3f28 Stored hash : a46af7e4154a96d926a0f32790181eabf02c60a4 Q1: Is there more extended HowTos which explain how to deal with different kind warnings? And the second question. Were my actions sufficient to resolve these warnings? a) To find the package which contains the suspicious file, e.g. it is debianutils for the file /bin/which ~ > dpkg -S /bin/which debianutils: /bin/which b) To check the debianutils package checksums: ~ > debsums debianutils /bin/run-parts OK /bin/tempfile OK /bin/which OK /sbin/installkernel OK /usr/bin/savelog OK /usr/sbin/add-shell OK /usr/sbin/remove-shell OK /usr/share/man/man1/which.1.gz OK /usr/share/man/man1/tempfile.1.gz OK /usr/share/man/man8/savelog.8.gz OK /usr/share/man/man8/add-shell.8.gz OK /usr/share/man/man8/remove-shell.8.gz OK /usr/share/man/man8/run-parts.8.gz OK /usr/share/man/man8/installkernel.8.gz OK /usr/share/man/fr/man1/which.1.gz OK /usr/share/man/fr/man1/tempfile.1.gz OK /usr/share/man/fr/man8/remove-shell.8.gz OK /usr/share/man/fr/man8/run-parts.8.gz OK /usr/share/man/fr/man8/savelog.8.gz OK /usr/share/man/fr/man8/add-shell.8.gz OK /usr/share/man/fr/man8/installkernel.8.gz OK /usr/share/doc/debianutils/copyright OK /usr/share/doc/debianutils/changelog.gz OK /usr/share/doc/debianutils/README.shells.gz OK /usr/share/debianutils/shells OK c) To relax about /bin/which as I see OK /bin/which OK d) To put the file /bin/which to /etc/rkhunter.conf as SCRIPTWHITELIST="/bin/which" e) For warnings as for the file /usr/bin/lynx I update checksum with rkhunter --propupd /usr/bin/lynx.cur Q2: Do I resolve such warnings right way?

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• Using Delegates in C# (Part 1)

  - by rajbk

  This post provides a very basic introduction of delegates in C#. Part 2 of this post can be read here. A delegate is a class that is derived from System.Delegate.  It contains a list of one or more methods called an invocation list. When a delegate instance is “invoked” with the arguments as defined in the signature of the delegate, each of the methods in the invocation list gets invoked with the arguments. The code below shows example with static and instance methods respectively: Static Methods 1: using System; 2: using System.Linq; 3: using System.Collections.Generic; 4: 5: public delegate void SayName(string name); 6: 7: public class Program 8: { 9: [STAThread] 10: static void Main(string[] args) 11: { 12: SayName englishDelegate = new SayName(SayNameInEnglish); 13: SayName frenchDelegate = new SayName(SayNameInFrench); 14: SayName combinedDelegate =(SayName)Delegate.Combine(englishDelegate, frenchDelegate); 15: 16: combinedDelegate.Invoke("Tom"); 17: Console.ReadLine(); 18: } 19: 20: static void SayNameInFrench(string name) { 21: Console.WriteLine("J'ai m'appelle " + name); 22: } 23: 24: static void SayNameInEnglish(string name) { 25: Console.WriteLine("My name is " + name); 26: } 27: } We have declared a delegate of type SayName with return type of void and taking an input parameter of name of type string. On line 12, we create a new instance of this delegate which refers to a static method - SayNameInEnglish.  SayNameInEnglish has the same return type and parameter list as the delegate declaration.  Once a delegate is instantiated, the instance will always refer to the same target. Delegates are immutable. On line 13, we create a new instance of the delegate but point to a different static method. As you may recall, a delegate instance encapsulates an invocation list. You create an invocation list by combining delegates using the Delegate.Combine method (there is an easier syntax as you will see later). When two non null delegate instances are combined, their invocation lists get combined to form a new invocation list. This is done in line 14.  On line 16, we invoke the delegate with the Invoke method and pass in the required string parameter. Since the delegate has an invocation list with two entries, each of the method in the invocation list is invoked. If an unhandled exception occurs during the invocation of one of these methods, the exception gets bubbled up to the line where the invocation was made (line 16). If a delegate is null and you try to invoke it, you will get a System.NullReferenceException. We see the following output when the method is run: My name is TomJ'ai m'apelle Tom Instance Methods The code below outputs the same results as before. The only difference here is we are creating delegates that point to a target object (an instance of Translator) and instance methods which have the same signature as the delegate type. The target object can never be null. We also use the short cut syntax += to combine the delegates instead of Delegate.Combine. 1: public delegate void SayName(string name); 2: 3: public class Program 4: { 5: [STAThread] 6: static void Main(string[] args) 7: { 8: Translator translator = new Translator(); 9: SayName combinedDelegate = new SayName(translator.SayNameInEnglish); 10: combinedDelegate += new SayName(translator.SayNameInFrench); 11:  12: combinedDelegate.Invoke("Tom"); 13: Console.ReadLine(); 14: } 15: } 16: 17: public class Translator { 18: public void SayNameInFrench(string name) { 19: Console.WriteLine("J'ai m'appelle " + name); 20: } 21: 22: public void SayNameInEnglish(string name) { 23: Console.WriteLine("My name is " + name); 24: } 25: } A delegate can be removed from a combination of delegates by using the –= operator. Removing a delegate from an empty list or removing a delegate that does not exist in a non empty list will not result in an exception. Delegates are invoked synchronously using the Invoke method. We can also invoke them asynchronously using the BeginInvoke and EndInvoke methods which are compiler generated.

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• 7zip: how to extract to std output?

  - by Jason S

  I have 7z 4.65 and am trying to extract a single file to standard output. The 7z command-line help says -so is the command-line parameter to extract to standard output, but when I try this: >>> 7z e -so dist\dlogpkg.jar META-INF/MANIFEST.MF 7-Zip 4.65 Copyright (c) 1999-2009 Igor Pavlov 2009-02-03 Error: I won't write data and program's messages to same terminal how can I fix this? There doesn't seem to be a command line param to suppress the normal 7z stdout messages. (edit: the equivalent operation in "unzip" would be unzip -p dist\dlogpkg.jar META-INF/MANIFEST.MF which works fine. But I'd like to use 7z for various reasons.)

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• How to install an init.d script in ubuntu?

  - by suhail

  i am trying to install an init.d script, to run celery for scheduling tasks. Here is the steps i followed: copied the file celeryd and pasted it in folder /etc/init.d/ created a configuration file celeryd in folder /etc/default/ now when i tried to start it by sudo /etc/init.d/celeryd start, it throws error sudo: /etc/init.d/celeryd: command not found I googled about how to install init.d, i got this SO-question. it says to issue a uname -a and when i does i get this: Linux capsonesystem8-desktop 3.2.0-43-generic-pae #68-Ubuntu SMP Wed May 15 03:55:10 UTC 2013 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux and also it says use utils like insserv to enable init.d script so tried: insserv /etc/init.d/celeryd but it throws error insserv: command not found so i tried to install insserv sudo apt-get install insserv. but it say aleady installed: insserv is already the newest version. 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 222 not upgraded. So how to install init.d script?? Any help will be appreciated. update1: when i tried: $ sh -x /etc/init.d/celeryd start it reveal some errors. may be that is why the service won’t start. update2: I cleared all the errors when i run $ sh -x /etc/init.d/celeryd start but still sudo /etc/init.d/celeryd start throws command not found error

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• How to enable forward search in Adobe Reader from TeXnicCenter?

  - by Sergiy Byelozyorov

  I am creating a LaTeX document in TeXnicCenter with LaTeX = PDF profile. There is a feature which allows to open and scroll auto-generated PDF to the paragraph that is under the cursor in TeXnicCenter. This works with Sumatra PDF and the feature is called "Forward search" in Profile settings, "Viewer" tab. I would like to have the same feature with Adobe Reader. Is this possible at all? Do I have to use "command line" or "DDE command" setting? What do I have to fill in "Command", "Server", "Topic" fields in the Profile settings?

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• Why are my at jobs running immediately on OS X?

  - by Gabe

  I want to schedule events for exact times in Mac OS X. It seems like the 'at' command is the simplest way to do this. I have enabled atrun using the command: launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.atrun.plist To test at, I'm using the following one-line BASH script: echo 'foo' path/to/log.txt | at now + 2 minutes When I run the script, I get output like: job 17 at Sat May 15 12:57:00 2010 where '12:57:00' is indeed 2 minutes in the future. But the echo command executes immediately: the line 'foo' is added to log.txt right away. How can I make at work for me?

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• MySQL – Export the Resultset to CSV file

  - by Pinal Dave

  In SQL Server, you can use BCP command to export the result set to a csv file. In MySQL too, You can export data from a table or result set as a csv file in many methods. Here are two methods. Method 1 : Make use of Work Bench If you are using Work Bench as a querying tool, you can make use of it’s Export option in the result window. Run the following code in Work Bench SELECT db_names FROM mysql_testing; The result will be shown in the result windows. There is an option called “File”. Click on it and it will prompt you a window to save the result set (Screen shot attached to show how file option can be used). Choose the directory and type out the name of the file. Method 2 : Make use of OUTFILE command You can do the export using a query with OUTFILE command as shown below SELECT db_names FROM mysql_testing INTO OUTFILE 'C:/testing.csv' FIELDS ENCLOSED BY '"' TERMINATED BY ';' ESCAPED BY '"' LINES TERMINATED BY '\r\n'; After the execution of the above code, you can find a file named testing.csv in C drive of the server. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com)Filed under: MySQL, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL Tagged: CSV

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• UNIX install quota in ubuntu ?

  - by user52085

  I am new to UNIX and can't figure out how to use the 'quota' command to see my disk usages. So I install “quota” using the following command sudo apt-get install quota But when I type in the command quota -v or anything similar, it doesn’t show anything. According to most website online (http://acs.ucsd.edu/students/quota.shtml#check-remove) , it suppose to show me all the quota limitation when I type in quota -v. can you please tell me how can I make it work or if I am doing something wrong here. your help is greatly appreciated. Thanks.

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• Weird problem with connection from putty to ubuntu server via SSH

  - by Eye of Hell

  Hello. I have an Ubuntu Server 9.10 box with sshd configured. I have two computers with Windows 7 professional and putty installed. Day ago, both computers was able to connect ubuntu server both via putty and plink. I have installed sun-java6-jre on ubuntu server, and now have a weird problem. First Windows 7 computer can still connect with both putty GUI and command-line plink. Second computer can connect via putty gui, but if i issue plink command that works perfectly on first computer: plink www.hostname.tk -i c:\users\username\documents\key\private.ppk I get login prompt, enter same username as on first computer, and receive following weird error message: bash: www.hostname.tk: command not found I can't see any difference between my Windows 7 computers :(. The ppk key used is same (i copied it multiple times both ways). hostname and username are same. Anyone have any ideas why such thing happens and what can i do in order to troubleshoot and fix it?

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• Drawing on a webpage – HTML5 - IE9

  - by nmarun

  So I upgraded to IE9 and continued exploring HTML5. Now there’s this ‘thing’ called Canvas in HTML5 with which you can do some cool stuff. Alright what IS this Canvas thing anyways? The Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group says this: “The canvas element provides scripts with a resolution-dependent bitmap canvas, which can be used for rendering graphs, game graphics, or other visual images on the fly.” The Canvas element has two only attributes – width and height and when not specified they take up the default values of 300 and 150 respectively. Below is what my HTML file looks like: 1: <!DOCTYPE html> 2: <html lang="en-US"> 3: <head> 4: <script type="text/javascript" src="CustomScript.js"></script> 5: <script src="jquery-1.4.4.js" type="text/javascript"></script 6:  7: <title>Draw on a webpage</title> 8: </head> 9: <body> 10: <canvas id="canvas" width="500" height="500"></canvas> 11: <br /> 12: <input type="submit" id="submit" value="Clear" /> 13: <h4 id="currentPosition"> 14: 0, 0 15: </h4> 16: <div id="mousedownCoords"></div> 17: </body> 18: </html> In case you’re wondering, this is not a MVC or any kind of web application. This is plain ol’ HTML even though I’m writing all this in VS 2010. You see this is a very simple, ‘gimmicks-free’ html page. I have declared a Canvas element on line 10 and a button on line 11 to clear the drawing board. I’m using jQuery / JavaScript show the current position of the mouse on the screen. This will get updated in the ‘currentPosition’ <h4> tag and I’m using the ‘mousedownCoords’ to write all the places where the mouse was clicked. This is what my page renders as: The rectangle with a background is our canvas. The coloring is due to some javascript (which we’ll see in a moment). Now let’s get to our CustomScript.js file. 1: jQuery(document).ready(function () { 2: var isFirstClick = true; 3: var canvas = document.getElementById("canvas"); 4: // getContext: Returns an object that exposes an API for drawing on the canvas 5: var canvasContext = canvas.getContext("2d"); 6: fillBackground(); 7:  8: $("#submit").click(function () { 9: clearCanvas(); 10: fillBackground(); 11: }); 12:  13: $(document).mousemove(function (e) { 14: $('#currentPosition').html(e.pageX + ', ' + e.pageY); 15: }); 16: $(document).mouseup(function (e) { 17: // on the first click 18: // set the moveTo 19: if (isFirstClick == true) { 20: canvasContext.beginPath(); 21: canvasContext.moveTo(e.pageX - 7, e.pageY - 7); 22: isFirstClick = false; 23: } 24: else { 25: // on subsequent clicks, draw a line 26: canvasContext.lineTo(e.pageX - 7, e.pageY - 7); 27: canvasContext.stroke(); 28: } 29:  30: $('#mousedownCoords').text($('#mousedownCoords').text() + '(' + e.pageX + ',' + e.pageY + ')'); 31: }); 32:  33: function fillBackground() { 34: canvasContext.fillStyle = '#a1b1c3'; 35: canvasContext.fillRect(0, 0, 500, 500); 36: canvasContext.fill(); 37: } 38:  39: function clearCanvas() { 40: // wipe-out the canvas 41: canvas.width = canvas.width; 42: // set the isFirstClick to true 43: // so the next shape can begin 44: isFirstClick = true; 45: // clear the text 46: $('#mousedownCoords').text(''); 47: } 48: })   The script only looks long and complicated, but is not. I’ll go over the main steps. Get a ‘hold’ of your canvas object and retrieve the ‘2d’ context out of it. On mousemove event, write the current x and y coordinates to the ‘currentPosition’ element. On mouseup event, check if this is the first time the user has clicked on the canvas. The coloring of the canvas is done in the fillBackground() function. We first need to start a new path. This is done by calling the beginPath() function on our context. The moveTo() function sets the starting point of our path. The lineTo() function sets the end point of the line to be drawn. The stroke() function is the one that actually draws the line on our canvas. So if you want to play with the demo, here’s how you do it. First click on the canvas (nothing visible happens on the canvas). The second click draws a line from the first click to the current coordinates and so on and so forth. Click on the ‘Clear’ button, to reset the canvas and to give your creativity a clean slate. Here’s a sample output: Happy drawing! Verdict: HTML5 and IE9 – I think we’re on to something big and great here!

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• Debian 5 server is randomly shutting down.

  - by revofreak

  My debian 5 vps is suffering from random shutdowns. I reinstalled it several times, the hosts moved me to a different physical box, check the install image and said everyone else also uses it and is fine. Heres the output from syslog Mar 27 00:19:19 noobintraining-1 -- MARK -- Mar 27 00:32:01 noobintraining-1 shutdown[18142]: shutting down for system halt Mar 27 00:32:06 noobintraining-1 init: Switching to runlevel: 0 Mar 27 00:32:06 noobintraining-1 xinetd[15907]: Exiting... Mar 27 00:32:07 noobintraining-1 named[15865]: received control channel command 'stop -p' Mar 27 00:32:07 noobintraining-1 named[15865]: shutting down: flushing changes Mar 27 00:32:07 noobintraining-1 named[15865]: stopping command channel on 127.0.0.1#953 Mar 27 00:32:07 noobintraining-1 named[15865]: stopping command channel on ::1#953 Mar 27 00:32:07 noobintraining-1 named[15865]: no longer listening on ::#53 Mar 27 00:32:07 noobintraining-1 named[15865]: no longer listening on 127.0.0.1#53 Mar 27 00:32:07 noobintraining-1 named[15865]: no longer listening on 89.238.172.132#53 Mar 27 00:32:07 noobintraining-1 named[15865]: exiting Mar 27 00:32:07 noobintraining-1 exiting on signal 15 Any help is most appreciated!

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• Why are all Linux commands broken after installing Perl?

  - by user115079

  I installed perl using following command: curl -L http://xrl.us/installperlnix | bash after that i run following command to create soft link ln -sf /usr/local/bin/perl /usr/bin/perl now I'm trying to run commands like dir, mkdir, ll, rm, vi but nothing seems to be working for me. also when i try to login into my shell i get following msg at startup: Last login: Wed Apr 4 21:50:12 2012 from x.y.z.ip -bash: perl: command not found please help. Here is system detail: cat /proc/version Linux version 2.6.18-274.18.1.el5.028stab098.1 (root@rhel5-build-x64) (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-46)) #1 SMP Sat Feb 11 15:30:41 MSK 2012 cat /etc/issue CentOS 5.7 32 bit Kernel \r on an \m Don't know if perl was already installed or not. and now i can't check.

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• Convert svn repository to hg - authentication fails

  - by Kim L

  I'm trying to convert an existing svn repository to a mercurial repo with the following command hg convert <repository> <folder> My problem is that the svn repository's authentication is done with p12 certificates. I'm a bit lost on how to configure the certificate for the hg client so that I can pull the svn repo and convert it. Currently, if I try to run the above command, I get initializing destination hg-client repository abort: error: _ssl.c:480: error:14094410:SSL routines:SSL3_READ_BYTES:sslv3 alert handshake failure In other words, it cannot find the required certificate. The question is, how do I configure my hg client so that it can use my certificate? I'm using the command line hg client on linux.

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• Find files containing a string on the whole filesystem

  - by Fabio

  I need to find all the instances of a given string in the whole filesystem, because I don't remember in which configuration files, script or any other programs I put it and I need to update that string with a new one. I tried with the following command `grep -nr 'needle' / --exclude-dir=.svn | mail [email protected] -s 'References on xxx' If I run this command on a small directory it gives me the output I need in the form /path1/:nn:line containing needle /path2/:nn:line containing needle where /path1 is the full path of the file, nn is the row containing the needle and last field is the content of the line. However when I run the command on the root directory the grep process hang after a while. I run this script about 8 hours ago and even on a small filesystem (less than 5GB) it doesn't end and if I run top or ps the process seems sleeping root 24909 0.0 0.1 3772 1520 pts/1 S+ Feb10 0:15 grep -nr needle / --exclude-dir=.svn Why it doesn't end? Is there any better way to do this (it's a one time job, I don't need to execute this more than once) Thanks.

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• Suppressing / Accepting warning windows automatically in commands executed through batch file

  - by David Somach

  I am automating the uninstall of IE9 through executing the command in these instructions inside a batch file: http://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/ie/forum/ie9-windows_7/how-to-uninstall-ie9-beta-64-bit-it-is-not-in-the/863d8f3d-c4ab-43e6-9d57-e163ea3baddd The instructions say to run the command twice. The first time the command runs, I get the following error window (3 times): "Windows Package Manager Operation failed with 0x80070005 Access id denied." I click OK for each of these windows, and the rest of the script runs fine and IE8 is usable after restart. Is there a way to suppress these windows? I want this to be fully automated and these windows block the script until the user presses "OK".

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• Editing .bash_profile file not taking effect

  - by Sandeepan Nath

  I need to put export PATH=$PATH:/opt/lampp/bin to my ~/.bash_profile file so that mysql from command line works on my system. Please check mysql command line not working for further details on that. I am working on a fedora system and logged in as root user. If I run locate .bash_profile then I get these:- /etc/skel/.bash_profile /home/sam/.bash_profile /home/sohil/.bash_profile /home/windows/.bash_profile /root/.bash_profile So, I modified the /root/.bash_profile file like this:- from PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin export PATH to PATH=$PATH:/opt/lampp/bin export PATH But, still the change is not taking effect - Opening a new console and running mysql again says bash: mysql: command not found. However running export PATH=$PATH:/opt/lampp/bin in console makes it work for that session. So, I am doing something wrong with the .bash_profile file. May be editing incorrect one or doing the edit incorrectly.

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• How can I perform a controlled shutdown of a virtualbox guest using VBoxManage?

  - by Bryan

  I'm currently testing Ubuntu 10.04, and have install the VirtualBox software. I have also installed Ubuntu 10.04 as a VirtualBox guest running on the host system. I've installed the VirtualBox Utils into the guest OS, as follows: sudo apt-get install virtualbox-ose-guest-utils What I want to be able to do is to initiate a controlled shutdown of the guest, from the host system using the VBoxManage command. I first tried this command: VBoxManage controlvm guest poweroff which worked, but didn't initiate a controlled shutdown, it effectively pulls the plug on the guest. I've since found that this command should do the trick: VBoxManage controlvm guest acpipowerbutton but this doesn't appear to do anything. Can anyone tell me what I'm doing wrong? p.s. I don't want to use SSH & Certificates to do this, as I'm also going to be running Windows guests, and I want the solution to work for all guests.

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• Mysql-proxy compile in CentOS

  - by gtfx

  Hey, While trying to compile Mysql-Poxy i get the following error. By the instructions here Libtool library used but `LIBTOOL' is undefined The usual way to define `LIBTOOL' is to add `AC_PROG_LIBTOOL' to `configure.in' and run `aclocal' and `autoconf' again. If `AC_PROG_LIBTOOL' is in `configure.in', make sure its definition is in aclocal's search path Libtool installed from source. Running aclocal get's no error. running ./configure ./configure: line 5821: AC_DISABLE_STATIC: command not found ./configure: line 5823: AC_PROG_LIBTOOL: command not found checking shared library path variable... configure: error: eval "libtool --config | grep ^shlibpath_var" failed Running libtool command libtool --config | grep ^shlibpath_var shlibpath_var=LD_LIBRARY_PATH What am i missing? Thank you for your time.

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• e-Seminars para Parceiros - Maio 2010

  - by Claudia Costa

   A equipa de Alliances & Channels apresenta os novos e-Seminars para o mês de Maio. Para se inscrever nas formações que se encontram abaixo por favor utilize os links de registo indicados.     Nome Dia Duração Local Oracle Real-Time Decisions (RTD): Introduction to Oracle RTD   4 1 hora Início: 09h00 On-line Oracle Information Rights Management Overview   14 1 hora Início: 09h00 On-line Introduction to Oracle GoldenGate: Real -Time Data Integration and High Availability Solutions 21 1 hora Início: 09h00 On-line                                       

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• How can i use my local mysqldump through ssh tunnel

  - by Matthias Kleine

  I would like to dump a mysql-database with mysqldump. But: This command isn't installed on the remote server. It is possible to use my local mysqldump command, to connect via an ssh tunnel to achieve this? I found several solutions, but each one required the mysqldump command directly on the server. When I use Sequel Pro (an Mac OS X App), I can perform an export via an SSH tunnel. But this is not the fastest solution and cannot be used on a unix server...

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• Which of these algorithms is best for my goal?

  - by JonathonG

  I have created a program that restricts the mouse to a certain region based on a black/white bitmap. The program is 100% functional as-is, but uses an inaccurate, albeit fast, algorithm for repositioning the mouse when it strays outside the area. Currently, when the mouse moves outside the area, basically what happens is this: A line is drawn between a pre-defined static point inside the region and the mouse's new position. The point where that line intersects the edge of the allowed area is found. The mouse is moved to that point. This works, but only works perfectly for a perfect circle with the pre-defined point set in the exact center. Unfortunately, this will never be the case. The application will be used with a variety of rectangles and irregular, amorphous shapes. On such shapes, the point where the line drawn intersects the edge will usually not be the closest point on the shape to the mouse. I need to create a new algorithm that finds the closest point to the mouse's new position on the edge of the allowed area. I have several ideas about this, but I am not sure of their validity, in that they may have far too much overhead. While I am not asking for code, it might help to know that I am using Objective C / Cocoa, developing for OS X, as I feel the language being used might affect the efficiency of potential methods. My ideas are: Using a bit of trigonometry to project lines would work, but that would require some kind of intense algorithm to test every point on every line until it found the edge of the region... That seems too resource intensive since there could be something like 200 lines that would have each have to have as many as 200 pixels checked for black/white.... Using something like an A* pathing algorithm to find the shortest path to a black pixel; however, A* seems resource intensive, even though I could probably restrict it to only checking roughly in one direction. It also seems like it will take more time and effort than I have available to spend on this small portion of the much larger project I am working on, correct me if I am wrong and it would not be a significant amount of code (100 lines or around there). Mapping the border of the region before the application begins running the event tap loop. I think I could accomplish this by using my current line-based algorithm to find an edge point and then initiating an algorithm that checks all 8 pixels around that pixel, finds the next border pixel in one direction, and continues to do this until it comes back to the starting pixel. I could then store that data in an array to be used for the entire duration of the program, and have the mouse re-positioning method check the array for the closest pixel on the border to the mouse target position. That last method would presumably execute it's initial border mapping fairly quickly. (It would only have to map between 2,000 and 8,000 pixels, which means 8,000 to 64,000 checked, and I could even permanently store the data to make launching faster.) However, I am uncertain as to how much overhead it would take to scan through that array for the shortest distance for every single mouse move event... I suppose there could be a shortcut to restrict the number of elements in the array that will be checked to a variable number starting with the intersecting point on the line (from my original algorithm), and raise/lower that number to experiment with the overhead/accuracy tradeoff. Please let me know if I am over thinking this and there is an easier way that will work just fine, or which of these methods would be able to execute something like 30 times per second to keep mouse movement smooth, or if you have a better/faster method. I've posted relevant parts of my code below for reference, and included an example of what the area might look like. (I check for color value against a loaded bitmap that is black/white.) // // This part of my code runs every single time the mouse moves. // CGPoint point = CGEventGetLocation(event); float tX = point.x; float tY = point.y; if( is_in_area(tX,tY, mouse_mask)){ // target is inside O.K. area, do nothing }else{ CGPoint target; //point inside restricted region: float iX = 600; // inside x float iY = 500; // inside y // delta to midpoint between iX,iY and tX,tY float dX; float dY; float accuracy = .5; //accuracy to loop until reached do { dX = (tX-iX)/2; dY = (tY-iY)/2; if(is_in_area((tX-dX),(tY-dY),mouse_mask)){ iX += dX; iY += dY; } else { tX -= dX; tY -= dY; } } while (abs(dX)>accuracy || abs(dY)>accuracy); target = CGPointMake(roundf(tX), roundf(tY)); CGDisplayMoveCursorToPoint(CGMainDisplayID(),target); } Here is "is_in_area(int x, int y)" : bool is_in_area(NSInteger x, NSInteger y, NSBitmapImageRep *mouse_mask){ NSAutoreleasePool * pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; NSUInteger pixel[4]; [mouse_mask getPixel:pixel atX:x y:y]; if(pixel[0]!= 0){ [pool release]; return false; } [pool release]; return true; }

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• Quickly compute added and removed lines

  - by Philippe Marschall

  I'm trying to compare two text files. I want to compute how many lines were added and removed. Basically what git diff --stat is doing. Bonus points for not having to store the entire file contents in memory. The approach I'm currently having in mind is: read each line of the old file compute a hash (probably MD5 or SHA-1) for each line store the hashes in a set do the same for each line in the new file every hash from the old file set that's missing in the new file set was removed every hash from the new file set that's missing in the old file set was added I'll probably want to exclude empty and all white space lines. There is a small issue with duplicated lines. This can either be solved by additionally storing how often a hash appears or comparing the number of lines in the old and new file and adjust either the added or removed lines so that the numbers add up. Do you see room for improvements or a better approach?

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• How to make a btrfs snapshot?

  - by MountainX

  My /home partition consists of an entire physical disk. It is formatted as btrfs. I want to snapshot it. I'm confused regarding subvolume naming, in particular. I am aware that there are similar questions, but each similar question seems to be asking something different from what I'm asking (and they are older, which means probably outdated, given the rapid development of btrfs). For example, the answer to this question is apparently not the answer to my question because my /home partition is a separate volume and the man page for btrfs shows a different command for creating snapshots now. another similar problem, no solid solution. someone else as confused as me on the naming issues My question: Starting simple: is this the correct command to take a simple snapshot of my home partition? btrfs subvolume snapshot /home/@home /home/@home_snapshot_20120421 I got really brave and tested it and it does not work. The error is error accessing /home/@home. As shown below, @home is listed. I'm obviously confused on subvolume names. Do I need to use them in creating snapshots? Some examples show taking snapshots of home using /home as the source parameter, but based on examples of root volumes, it seems to me that I need to use /home/@home. Would this command work? And if not, why? btrfs subvolume snapshot /home /home/@home_snapshot_20120421 Is the @ just a naming convention? Is it meaningful at all? Here's some output that may be relevant: btrfs subvolume list /home ID 256 top level 5 path @home I'm not sure what that means, exactly. When I try btrfs device scan it gives an error (e.g. unable to scan the device /dev/sda1). My file system doesn't have any errors. Everything is fine.

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• Can't star SSH on Ubuntu 12.10 AWS EC2

  - by Conor H

  So i've just started playing around with Ubuntu on Amazon EC2. I've just issued the following command to restart ssh but it has now "killed" ssh. sudo /etc/init.d/ssh restart I can't seem to ssh to this instance anymore. Putty just gives me "connection refused". NOTE: In this case I just restarted SSH to see the result. I didn't change any settings. This was to confirm that it was the restart command was the problem and not any configs I made. What is the correct way to restart SSH? P.S. That usually works on other Ubuntu boxes. Thanks. EDIT: It is also worth noting that when I ran that command I was taken straight back to a prompt. I didn't get any output on the console.

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• Stuck With grub rescue> console

  - by rej santos

  Here is the background of my issue: I just recently installed the latest version of Ubuntu along side with Windows 8 Enterprise. However upon checking the disk size, it seems that some of the portions of the hd memory were gone so I decided to check the disk partition and have seen that is was being used by another file system. Thinking that the Ubuntu takes it boots stuff from my drive C: , I deleted that partition and formated so I can use it to store some movies, music etc. Now, as I switch on my machine, I am stucked with: error: unknown filesystem grub rescue> I googled a lot and saw the following command which seems no to me like sudo, chainloader etc, all of these command only returns unknown command in the console. What I just wanted is to boot from my Windows 8 OS. Just to add, I can't open the BIOS menu so I could choose what media to boot. As I open my machine it automatically takes me to grub rescue console. Here are the thing I already have: Ubuntu Installation Disk Windows 8 System repair Disk I just don't know how to boot into these things. Let me know what to do.

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