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  • Why do some opensouce libraries lack comments?

    - by entropy
    I don't know if this happens to most Opensource libraries, but many of I know and use (for example OpenSSL, Webkit, ...) they all lack comments, or contain very few comments. Not to mention their very few documents, it is hard to read their source code. We can hardly understand what a member variable means, or what this function does. This seems to be against coding standard practice Why is that? How can people collaborate to these opensource with very few comments?

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  • What can procs and lambdas do that functions can't in ruby

    - by SecurityGate
    I've been working in Ruby for the last couple weeks, and I've come to the subject of procs, lambdas and blocks. After reading a fair share of examples from a variety of sources, I don't how they're much different from small, specialized functions. It's entirely possible that the examples I've read aren't showing the power behind procs and lambdas. def zero_function(x) x = x.to_s if x.length == 1 return x = "0" + x else return x end end zero_lambda = lambda {|x| x = x.to_s if x.length == 1 return x = "0" + x else return x end } zero_proc = Proc.new {|x| x = x.to_s if x.length == 1 puts x = "0" + x else puts x end } puts zero_function(4) puts zero_lambda.call(3) zero_proc.call(2) This function, proc, and lambda do the exact same thing, just slightly different. Is there any reason to choose one over another?

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  • C# inherit from a class in a different DLL

    - by Onno
    I need to make an application that needs to be highly modular and that can easily be expanded with new functionality. I've thought up a design where I have a main window and a list of actions that are implemented using a strategy pattern. I'd like to implement the base classes/interfaces in a DLL and have the option of loading actions from DLL's which are loaded dynamically when the application starts. This way the main window can initiate actions without having to recompile or redistribute a new version. I just have to (re)distribute new DLL's which I can update dynamically at runtime. This should enable very easy modular updating from a central online source. The 'action' DLL's all inherit their structure from the code defined in the the DLL which defines the main strategy pattern structure and it's abstract factory. I'd like to know if C# /.Net will allow such a construction. I'd also like to know whether this construction has any major problems in terms of design.

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  • Started wrong with a project. Should I start over?

    - by solidsnake
    I'm a beginner web developer (one year of experience). A couple of weeks after graduating, I got offered a job to build a web application for a company whose owner is not much of a tech guy. He recruited me to avoid theft of his idea, the high cost of development charged by a service company, and to have someone young he can trust onboard to maintain the project for the long run (I came to these conclusions by myself long after being hired). Cocky as I was back then, with a diploma in computer science, I accepted the offer thinking I can build anything. I was calling the shots. After some research I settled on PHP, and started with plain PHP, no objects, just ugly procedural code. Two months later, everything was getting messy, and it was hard to make any progress. The web application is huge. So I decided to check out an MVC framework that would make my life easier. That's where I stumbled upon the cool kid in the PHP community: Laravel. I loved it, it was easy to learn, and I started coding right away. My code looked cleaner, more organized. It looked very good. But again the web application was huge. The company was pressuring me to deliver the first version, which they wanted to deploy, obviously, and start seeking customers. Because Laravel was fun to work with, it made me remember why I chose this industry in the first place - something I forgot while stuck in the shitty education system. So I started working on small projects at night, reading about methodologies and best practice. I revisited OOP, moved on to object-oriented design and analysis, and read Uncle Bob's book Clean Code. This helped me realize that I really knew nothing. I did not know how to build software THE RIGHT WAY. But at this point it was too late, and now I'm almost done. My code is not clean at all, just spaghetti code, a real pain to fix a bug, all the logic is in the controllers, and there is little object oriented design. I'm having this persistent thought that I have to rewrite the whole project. However, I can't do it... They keep asking when is it going to be all done. I can not imagine this code deployed on a server. Plus I still know nothing about code efficiency and the web application's performance. On one hand, the company is waiting for the product and can not wait anymore. On the other hand I can't see myself going any further with the actual code. I could finish up, wrap it up and deploy, but god only knows what might happen when people start using it. What do you think I should do?

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  • Which language is more suitable heavy file tasks?

    - by All
    I need to write a script (based on basic functions) to process /image/audio/video files. The process is mainly filesystem tasks and converts. The database of files has been stored by mysql. The script is simple but cause heavy tasks on the system; for example renaming/converting/copying thousands of file in a run. The script does not read the content of files into memory, it just manage the commands for sub-processes. The main weight is on the communication with filesystem. The script will be used regularly for new files. My concern is about performance. I am thinking of Shell script a complied language like C Please advise which programming language is more suitable for this purpose and why? UPDATE: An example is to scan a folder for images, convert them with ImageMagick, move files to destination folder, get file info, then update the database. As you can see, the process has no room for optimization, and most of languages have similar APIs for popular programs like ImageMagick, MySQL, etc. Thus, it can be written in any language. I just wish to reduce resource usage by speeding up the long loop. NOTE: I know that questions about comparing languages are not favorable, but I really had problem to choose, because the problems can appear in action.

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  • C# Algorithms for * Operator

    - by Harsha
    I was reading up on Algorithms and came across the Karatsuba multiplication algorithm and a little wiki-ing led to the Schonhage-Strassen and Furer algorithms for multiplication. I was wondering what algorithms are used on the * operator in C#? While multiplying a pair of integers or doubles, does it use a combination of algorithms with some kind of strategy based on the size of the numbers? How could I find out the implementation details for C#?

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  • Shortest Common Superstring: find shortest string that contains all given string fragments

    - by occulus
    Given some string fragments, I would like to find the shortest possible single string ("output string") that contains all the fragments. Fragments can overlap each other in the output string. Example: For the string fragments: BCDA AGF ABC The following output string contains all fragments, and was made by naive appending: BCDAAGFABC However this output string is better (shorter), as it employs overlaps: ABCDAGF ^ ABC ^ BCDA ^ AGF I'm looking for algorithms for this problem. It's not absolutely important to find the strictly shortest output string, but the shorter the better. I'm looking for an algorithm better than the obvious naive one that would try appending all permutations of the input fragments and removing overlaps (which would appear to be NP-Complete). I've started work on a solution and it's proving quite interesting; I'd like to see what other people might come up with. I'll add my work-in-progress to this question in a while.

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  • Using template questions in a technical interview

    - by Desolate Planet
    I've recently been in an argument with a colleage about technical questions in interviews. As a graduate, I went round lots of companies and noticed they used the same questions. An example is "Can you write a function that determines if a number is prime or not?", 4 years later, I find that particular question is quite common even for a junior developer. I might not be looking at this the correct way, but shouldn't software houses be intelligent enought to think up their own interview questions. This may well be the case, but I've been to about 16 interviews as a graduate and the same questions came up in about 75% of them. This leads me to believe that many companies are lazy and simply Google: 'Template questions for interviewing software developers' and I kind of look down on that. Question: Is it better to use a sest of questions off some template or should software houses strive to be more original and come up with their own interview material? From my point of view, if I failed an inteview and went off and looked for good answers to the questions I messed up on, I could fly through the next interview if they questions are the same.

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  • Is is common to use the command pattern for property get/sets?

    - by k rey
    Suppose I have a controller class with a bunch of properties. Each time a property is changed, I would like to update the model. Now also suppose that I use the command pattern to perform model updates. Is it common to use command classes within property get and sets of the controller class or is there a better way? Here is an example of what I am currently using: class MyController { private int _myInt; public int MyInt { get { return _myInt; } set { MyCommand cmd = new MyCommand(); cmd.Argument = _myInt; cmd.Execute(); // Command object updates the model } } }

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  • Real-time chat in Ruby on Rails

    - by Skydreamer
    First, I'm sorry because I know this question has been asked many times but I'm still looking forward to finding the answer to my problem. I'd want to implement a Real-time chat for my Rails app but I can't really host the server which handles the sockets. I've tried Faye but it needs a server. I've also heard of pusher but it's limited to 20 users at a time on the chat and I can't really be sure they won't be more. I've thought of irc but I think I can't really embed it into a rails app, maybe it needs sockets... So here's my problem, can I implement a real-time chat without owning a server ? What can you advice me ? Thank you for your answers.

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  • Who should control navigation in an MVVM application?

    - by SonOfPirate
    Example #1: I have a view displayed in my MVVM application (let's use Silverlight for the purposes of the discussion) and I click on a button that should take me to a new page. Example #2: That same view has another button that, when clicked, should open up a details view in a child window (dialog). We know that there will be Command objects exposed by our ViewModel bound to the buttons with methods that respond to the user's click. But, what then? How do we complete the action? Even if we use a so-called NavigationService, what are we telling it? To be more specific, in a traditional View-first model (like URL-based navigation schemes such as on the web or the SL built-in navigation framework) the Command objects would have to know what View to display next. That seems to cross the line when it comes to the separation of concerns promoted by the pattern. On the other hand, if the button wasn't wired to a Command object and behaved like a hyperlink, the navigation rules could be defined in the markup. But do we want the Views to control application flow and isn't navigation just another type of business logic? (I can say yes in some cases and no in others.) To me, the utopian implementation of the MVVM pattern (and I've heard others profess this) would be to have the ViewModel wired in such a way that the application can run headless (i.e. no Views). This provides the most surface area for code-based testing and makes the Views a true skin on the application. And my ViewModel shouldn't care if it displayed in the main window, a floating panel or a child window, should it? According to this apprach, it is up to some other mechanism at runtime to 'bind' what View should be displayed for each ViewModel. But what if we want to share a View with multiple ViewModels or vice versa? So given the need to manage the View-ViewModel relationship so we know what to display when along with the need to navigate between views, including displaying child windows / dialogs, how do we truly accomplish this in the MVVM pattern?

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  • About insertion sort and especially why it's said that copy is much faster than swap?

    - by Software Engeneering Learner
    From Lafore's "Data Structures and Algorithms in Java": (about insertion sort (which uses copy + shift instead of swap (used in bubble and selection sort))) However, a copy isn’t as time-consuming as a swap, so for random data this algo- rithm runs twice as fast as the bubble sort and faster than the selectionsort. Also author doesn't mention how time consuming shift is. From my POV copy is the simplest pointer assignment operation. While swap is 3x pointer assignment operations. Which doesn't take much time. Also shift of N elemtns is Nx pointer assignment operations. Please correct me if I'm wrong. Please explain, why what author says is true? I don't understand.

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  • Where to store front-end data for "object calculator"

    - by Justin Grahn
    I recently have completed a language library that acts as a giant filter for food items, and flows a bit like this :Products -> Recipes -> MenuItems -> Meals and finally, upon submission, creates an Order. I have also completed a database structure that stores all the pertinent information to each class, and seems to fit my needs. The issue I'm having is linking the two. I imagined all of the information being local to each instance of the product, where there exists one backend user who edits and manipulates data, and multiple front end users who select their Meal(s) to create an Order. Ideally, all of the front end users would have all of this information stored locally within the library, and would update the library on startup from a database. How should I go about storing the data so that I can load it into the library every time the user opens the application? Do I package a database onboard and just load and populate every time? The only method I can currently conceive of doing this, even if I only have 500 possible Product objects, would require me to foreach the list for every Product that I need to match to a Recipe and so on and so forth every time I relaunch the program, which seems like a lot of wasteful loading. Here is a general flow of my architecture: Products: public class Product : IPortionable { public Product(string n, uint pNumber = 0) { name = n; productNumber = pNumber; } public string name { get; set; } public uint productNumber { get; set; } } Recipes: public Recipe(string n, decimal yieldAmt, Volume.Unit unit) { name = n; yield = new Volume(yieldAmt, unit); yield.ConvertUnit(); } /// <summary> /// Creates a new ingredient object /// </summary> /// <param name="n">Name</param> /// <param name="yieldAmt">Recipe Yield</param> /// <param name="unit">Unit of Yield</param> public Recipe(string n, decimal yieldAmt, Weight.Unit unit) { name = n; yield = new Weight(yieldAmt, unit); } public Recipe(Recipe r) { name = r.name; yield = r.yield; ingredients = r.ingredients; } public string name { get; set; } public IMeasure yield; public Dictionary<IPortionable, IMeasure> ingredients = new Dictionary<IPortionable,IMeasure>(); MenuItems: public abstract class MenuItem : IScalable { public static string title = null; public string name { get; set; } public decimal maxPortionSize { get; set; } public decimal minPortionSize { get; set; } public Dictionary<IPortionable, IMeasure> ingredients = new Dictionary<IPortionable, IMeasure>(); and Meal: public class Meal { public Meal(int guests) { guestCount = guests; } public int guestCount { get; private set; } //TODO: Make a new MainCourse class that holds pasta and Entree public Dictionary<string, int> counts = new Dictionary<string, int>(){ {MainCourse.title, 0}, {Side.title , 0}, {Appetizer.title, 0} }; public List<MenuItem> items = new List<MenuItem>(); The Database just stores and links each of these basic names and amounts together usings ID's (RecipeID, ProductID and MenuItemID)

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  • What does the Spring framework do? Should I use it? Why or why not?

    - by sangfroid
    So, I'm starting a brand-new project in Java, and am considering using Spring. Why am I considering Spring? Because lots of people tell me I should use Spring! Seriously, any time I've tried to get people to explain what exactly Spring is or what it does, they can never give me a straight answer. I've checked the intros on the SpringSource site, and they're either really complicated or really tutorial-focused, and none of them give me a good idea of why I should be using it, or how it will make my life easier. Sometimes people throw around the term "dependency injection", which just confuses me even more, because I think I have a different understanding of what that term means. Anyway, here's a little about my background and my app : Been developing in Java for a while, doing back-end web development. Yes, I do a ton of unit testing. To facilitate this, I typically make (at least) two versions of a method : one that uses instance variables, and one that only uses variables that are passed in to the method. The one that uses instance variables calls the other one, supplying the instance variables. When it comes time to unit test, I use Mockito to mock up the objects and then make calls to the method that doesn't use instance variables. This is what I've always understood "dependency injection" to be. My app is pretty simple, from a CS perspective. Small project, 1-2 developers to start with. Mostly CRUD-type operations with a a bunch of search thrown in. Basically a bunch of RESTful web services, plus a web front-end and then eventually some mobile clients. I'm thinking of doing the front-end in straight HTML/CSS/JS/JQuery, so no real plans to use JSP. Using Hibernate as an ORM, and Jersey to implement the webservices. I've already started coding, and am really eager to get a demo out there that I can shop around and see if anyone wants to invest. So obviously time is of the essence. I understand Spring has quite the learning curve, plus it looks like it necessitates a whole bunch of XML configuration, which I typically try to avoid like the plague. But if it can make my life easier and (especially) if make it can make development and testing faster, I'm willing to bite the bullet and learn Spring. So please. Educate me. Should I use Spring? Why or why not?

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  • Why is the sudden increase in number of Git submitters on Debian popcorn graph in 2010-01?

    - by Jungle Hunter
    Almost every article I've read 1 comparing Git and Mercurial it seems like Mercurial has a better command line UX with each command being limited to one idea only (unlike say git checkout). But at some point Git suddenly became looking super popular and number of Git submitters on Debian popcorn graph (see graph image below) literally exploded. Source: Debian What happened in 2010-01 that things suddenly changed. Looks like GitHub was founded earlier than that - 2008.

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  • Are there well-known examples of web products that were killed by slow service?

    - by Jeremy Wadhams
    It's a basic tenet of UX design that users prefer fast pages. http://www.useit.com/alertbox/response-times.html http://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/01/technology/impatient-web-users-flee-slow-loading-sites.html?pagewanted=all It's supposedly even baked into Google's ranking algorithm now: fast sites rank higher, all else being equal. But are there well known examples of web services where the popular narrative is "it was great, but it was so slow people took their money elsewhere"? I can pretty easily think of example problems with scale (Twitter's fail whale) or reliability (Netflix and Pinterest outages caused by a single datacenter in a storm). But can (lack of) speed really kill?

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  • Relationship DAO, Servlet, JSP and POJO

    - by John Hendrik
    I want to implement a JSP, POJO, DAO and Servlet in my J2EE program. However, I don't fully understand how the relationship between these elements should be. Is the following (MVC) setup the right way to do it? Main class creates servlet(controller) Servlet has a DAO defined in its class DAO has a POJO defined in its class Servlet communicates with the view (JSP page) Please give your feedback.

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  • Are flag variables an absolute evil?

    - by dukeofgaming
    I remember doing a couple of projects where I totally neglected using flags and ended up with better architecture/code; however, it is a common practice in other projects I work at, and when code grows and flags are added, IMHO code-spaghetti also grows. Would you say there are any cases where using flags is a good practice or even necessary?, or would you agree that using flags in code are... red flags and should be avoided/refactored; me, I just get by with doing functions/methods that check for states in real time instead. Edit: Not talking about compiler flags

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  • Should Git be used for documentation and project management? Should the code be in a separate repository?

    - by EmpireJones
    I'm starting up a Git repository for a group project. Does it make sense to store documents in the same Git repository as code - it seems like this conflicts with the nature of the git revision flow. Here is a summary of my question(s): Is the Git revisioning style going to be confusing if both code and documents are checked into the same repository? Experiences with this? Is Git a good fit for documentation revision control? I am NOT asking if a Revision Control System in general should or shouldn't be used for documentation - it should. Thanks for the feedback so far!

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  • Is There a Real Advantage to Generic Repository?

    - by Sam
    Was reading through some articles on the advantages of creating Generic Repositories for a new app (example). The idea seems nice because it lets me use the same repository to do several things for several different entity types at once: IRepository repo = new EfRepository(); // Would normally pass through IOC into constructor var c1 = new Country() { Name = "United States", CountryCode = "US" }; var c2 = new Country() { Name = "Canada", CountryCode = "CA" }; var c3 = new Country() { Name = "Mexico", CountryCode = "MX" }; var p1 = new Province() { Country = c1, Name = "Alabama", Abbreviation = "AL" }; var p2 = new Province() { Country = c1, Name = "Alaska", Abbreviation = "AK" }; var p3 = new Province() { Country = c2, Name = "Alberta", Abbreviation = "AB" }; repo.Add<Country>(c1); repo.Add<Country>(c2); repo.Add<Country>(c3); repo.Add<Province>(p1); repo.Add<Province>(p2); repo.Add<Province>(p3); repo.Save(); However, the rest of the implementation of the Repository has a heavy reliance on Linq: IQueryable<T> Query(); IList<T> Find(Expression<Func<T,bool>> predicate); T Get(Expression<Func<T,bool>> predicate); T First(Expression<Func<T,bool>> predicate); //... and so on This repository pattern worked fantastic for Entity Framework, and pretty much offered a 1 to 1 mapping of the methods available on DbContext/DbSet. But given the slow uptake of Linq on other data access technologies outside of Entity Framework, what advantage does this provide over working directly with the DbContext? I attempted to write a PetaPoco version of the Repository, but PetaPoco doesn't support Linq Expressions, which makes creating a generic IRepository interface pretty much useless unless you only use it for the basic GetAll, GetById, Add, Update, Delete, and Save methods and utilize it as a base class. Then you have to create specific repositories with specialized methods to handle all the "where" clauses that I could previously pass in as a predicate. Is the Generic Repository pattern useful for anything outside of Entity Framework? If not, why would someone use it at all instead of working directly with Entity Framework? Edit: Original link doesn't reflect the pattern I was using in my sample code. Here is an (updated link).

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  • Interview question: How would you implement Google Search?

    - by ripper234
    Supposed you were asked in an interview "How would you implement Google Search?" How would you answer such a question? There might be resources out there that explain how some pieces in Google are implemented (BigTable, MapReduce, PageRank, ...), but that doesn't exactly fit in an interview. What overall architecture would you use, and how would you explain this in a 15-30 minute time span? I would start with explaining how to build a search engine that handles ~ 100k documents, then expand this via sharding to around 50M docs, then perhaps another architectural/technical leap. This is the 20,000 feet view. What I'd like is the details - how you would actually answer that in an interview. Which data structures would you use. What services/machines is your architecture composed of. What would a typical query latency be? What about failover / split brain issues? Etc...

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  • Erlang web frameworks survey

    - by Zachary K
    (Inspired by similar question on Haskel) There are several web frameworks for Erlang like Nitrogen, Chicago Boss, and Zotonic, and a few more. In what aspects do they differ from each other? For example: features (e.g. server only, or also client scripting, easy support for different kinds of database) maturity (e.g. stability, documentation quality) scalability (e.g. performance, handy abstraction) main targets Also, what are examples of real-world sites / web apps using these frameworks? EDIT: Starting a bounty in hopes that it will get some conversation going

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  • What programming language was used to develop Windows OS?

    - by nardo
    I am very new to programming and I have started to learn programming just last week. I am still having trouble understanding about programming languages, especially what to use in a particular system. My first language is Java and it's the only programming language I have experience with. I know there are a lot of programming languages out there but I am so curious what programming language was used to develop Windows? Can Java be used to develop an OS?

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  • Best algorithm/practice when creating a search mechanism for your database?

    - by Alex Hope O'Connor
    I have been designing a database where it is very important to provide users with a good search mechanism. So I was wondering what some of the best practices are for using keywords to search over multiple database tables and return the relevent records? Some other things I am curious about: The users location, if they provide an address The speed of the algorithm Additional Information: I am using C# and LINQ-To-SQL.

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  • Do database tables need to have IDs?

    - by Arturas M
    Is an ID field is always needed in database tables? In my case I have a user with firstName, lastName and email fields. email is unique and not null, so it could be used as an ID, right? So in that case, could/should I try to remove the ID? Also I want to have another table which extends this one. Let's say its called patient and it has it's own field additionalData and I would like to link the relationship through the email of user I mentioned. So the relationship should be 1 to 1, right? and I wouldn't need the IDs? Somehow MySQL Workbench wants me to use the IDs. What do you guys think. Any suggestions on this topic?

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