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  • pyplot: really slow creating heatmaps

    - by cvondrick
    I have a loop that executes the body about 200 times. In each loop iteration, it does a sophisticated calculation, and then as debugging, I wish to produce a heatmap of a NxM matrix. But, generating this heatmap is unbearably slow and significantly slow downs an already slow algorithm. My code is along the lines: import numpy import matplotlib.pyplot as plt for i in range(200): matrix = complex_calculation() plt.set_cmap("gray") plt.imshow(matrix) plt.savefig("frame{0}.png".format(i)) The matrix, from numpy, is not huge --- 300 x 600 of doubles. Even if I do not save the figure and instead update an on-screen plot, it's even slower. Surely I must be abusing pyplot. (Matlab can do this, no problem.) How do I speed this up?

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  • Sort by an object's type

    - by Richard Levasseur
    Hi all, I have code that statically registers (type, handler_function) pairs at module load time, resulting in a dict like this: HANDLERS = { str: HandleStr, int: HandleInt, ParentClass: HandleCustomParent, ChildClass: HandleCustomChild } def HandleObject(obj): for data_type in sorted(HANDLERS.keys(), ???): if isinstance(obj, data_type): HANDLERS[data_type](obj) Where ChildClass inherits from ParentClass. The problem is that, since its a dict, the order isn't defined - but how do I introspect type objects to figure out a sort key? The resulting order should be child classes follow by super classes (most specific types first). E.g. str comes before basestring, and ChildClass comes before ParentClass. If types are unrelated, it doesn't matter where they go relative to each other.

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  • lxml unicode entity parse problems

    - by Jon Hadley
    I'm using lxml as follows to parse an exported XML file from another system: xmldoc = open(filename) etree.parse(xmldoc) But im getting: lxml.etree.XMLSyntaxError: Entity 'eacute' not defined, line 4495, column 46 Obviously it's having problems with unicode entity names - but how would i get round this? Via open() or parse()?

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  • Geocoding non-addresses: Geopy

    - by Phil Donovan
    Using geopy to geocode alcohol outlets in NZ. The problem I have is that some places do not have street addresses but are places in Google Maps. For example, plugging: Furneaux Lodge, Endeavour Inlet, Queen Charlotte Sound, Marlborough 7250 into Google Maps via the browser GUI gives me However, using that in Geopy I get a GQueryError saying this geographic location does not exist. Here is the code for geocoding: def GeoCode(address): g=geocoders.Google(domain="maps.google.co.nz") geoloc = g.geocode(address, exactly_one=False) place, (lat, lng) = geoloc[0] GeoOut = [] GeoOut.extend([place, lat, lng]) return GeoOut GeoCode("Furneaux Lodge, Endeavour Inlet, Queen Charlotte Sound, Marlboroguh 7250") Meanwhile, I notice that "Eiffel Tower" works fine. Is there away to solve this and can someone explain the difference between The Eiffel Tower and Furneaux Lodge within Google 'locations'?

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  • Is there a simple way to make lists behave as files (with ftplib)

    - by Brent.Longborough
    I'd like to use ftplib to upload program-generated data as lists. The nearest method I can see for doing this is ftp.storlines, but this requires a file object with a readlines() method. Obviously I could create a file, but this seems like overkill as the data isn't persistent. Is there anything that could do this?: session = ftp.new(...) upload = convertListToFileObject(mylist) session.storlines("STOR SOMETHING",upload) session.quit

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  • Scrapy Could not find spider Error

    - by Nacari
    I have been trying to get a simple spider to run with scrapy, but keep getting the error: Could not find spider for domain:stackexchange.com when I run the code with the expression scrapy-ctl.py crawl stackexchange.com. The spider is as follow: from scrapy.spider import BaseSpider from __future__ import absolute_import class StackExchangeSpider(BaseSpider): domain_name = "stackexchange.com" start_urls = [ "http://www.stackexchange.com/", ] def parse(self, response): filename = response.url.split("/")[-2] open(filename, 'wb').write(response.body) SPIDER = StackExchangeSpider()` Another person posted almost the exact same problem months ago but did not say how they fixed it, http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1806990/scrapy-spider-is-not-working I have been following the turtorial exactly at http://doc.scrapy.org/intro/tutorial.html, and cannot figure out why it is not working.

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  • how to import a 'zip' file to my .py ..

    - by zjm1126
    when i use http://github.com/joshthecoder/tweepy-examples , i find : import tweepy in the appengine\oauth_example\handlers.py but i can't find a tweepy file or tweepy's 'py' file, except a tweepy.zip file, i don't think this is right,cauz i never import a zip file, i find this in app.py: import sys sys.path.insert(0, 'tweepy.zip') why ? how to import a zip file.. thanks

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  • Technique to remove common words(and their plural versions) from a string

    - by Jake M
    I am attempting to find tags(keywords) for a recipe by parsing a long string of text. The text contains the recipe ingredients, directions and a short blurb. What do you think would be the most efficient way to remove common words from the tag list? By common words, I mean words like: 'the', 'at', 'there', 'their' etc. I have 2 methodologies I can use, which do you think is more efficient in terms of speed and do you know of a more efficient way I could do this? Methodology 1: - Determine the number of times each word occurs(using the library Collections) - Have a list of common words and remove all 'Common Words' from the Collection object by attempting to delete that key from the Collection object if it exists. - Therefore the speed will be determined by the length of the variable delims import collections from Counter delim = ['there','there\'s','theres','they','they\'re'] # the above will end up being a really long list! word_freq = Counter(recipe_str.lower().split()) for delim in set(delims): del word_freq[delim] return freq.most_common() Methodology 2: - For common words that can be plural, look at each word in the recipe string, and check if it partially contains the non-plural version of a common word. Eg; For the string "There's a test" check each word to see if it contains "there" and delete it if it does. delim = ['this','at','them'] # words that cant be plural partial_delim = ['there','they',] # words that could occur in many forms word_freq = Counter(recipe_str.lower().split()) for delim in set(delims): del word_freq[delim] # really slow for delim in set(partial_delims): for word in word_freq: if word.find(delim) != -1: del word_freq[delim] return freq.most_common()

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  • wx paste image into panel

    - by Moayyad Yaghi
    hello i need to find a way to copy an image from a software .. ( microsoft paint for example ) and paste it into my own pain tool that i made using wxpython .. how do i read the image that has been loaded into memory ? so i can paste it hope idea is clear enough thanks in advance

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  • How to add a context processor from a Django app

    - by Edan Maor
    Say I'm writing a Django app, and all the templates in the app require a certain variable. The "classic" way to deal with this, afaik, is to write a context processor and add it to TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS in the settings.py. My question is, is this the right way to do it, considering that apps are supposed to be "independent" from the actual project using them? In other words, when deploying that app to a new project, is there any way to avoid the project having to explicitly mess around with its settings?

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  • Scrapy Not Returning Additonal Info from Scraped Link in Item via Request Callback

    - by zoonosis
    Basically the code below scrapes the first 5 items of a table. One of the fields is another href and clicking on that href provides more info which I want to collect and add to the original item. So parse is supposed to pass the semi populated item to parse_next_page which then scrapes the next bit and should return the completed item back to parse Running the code below only returns the info collected in parse If I change the return items to return request I get a completed item with all 3 "things" but I only get 1 of the rows, not all 5. Im sure its something simple, I just can't see it. class ThingSpider(BaseSpider): name = "thing" allowed_domains = ["somepage.com"] start_urls = [ "http://www.somepage.com" ] def parse(self, response): hxs = HtmlXPathSelector(response) items = [] for x in range (1,6): item = ScrapyItem() str_selector = '//tr[@name="row{0}"]'.format(x) item['thing1'] = hxs.select(str_selector")]/a/text()').extract() item['thing2'] = hxs.select(str_selector")]/a/@href').extract() print 'hello' request = Request("www.nextpage.com", callback=self.parse_next_page,meta={'item':item}) print 'hello2' request.meta['item'] = item items.append(item) return items def parse_next_page(self, response): print 'stuff' hxs = HtmlXPathSelector(response) item = response.meta['item'] item['thing3'] = hxs.select('//div/ul/li[1]/span[2]/text()').extract() return item

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  • In Django : How to serialize dict object to json ?

    - by Rohit
    I have this very basic problem, >>> serializers.serialize("json", {'a':1}) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<console>", line 1, in <module> File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/core/serializers/__init__.py", line 87, in serialize s.serialize(queryset, **options) File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/django/core/serializers/base.py", line 40, in serialize for field in obj._meta.local_fields: AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute '_meta' >>> How can this be done ? Thanks in advance !

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  • Run shell script using fabric and piping script text to shell's stdin

    - by Peter Lyons
    Is there a way to execute a multi-line shell script by piping it to the remote shell's standard input in fabric? Or must I always write it to the remote filesystem, then run it, then delete it? I like sending to stdin as it avoids the temporary file. If there's no fabric API (and it seems like there is not based on my research), presumably I can just use the ssh module directly. Basically I wish fabric.api.run was not limited to a 1-line command that gets passed to the shell as a command line argument, but instead would take a full multi-line script and write it to the remote shell's standard input.

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  • Can PyAMF support service deployment by way of the filesystem?

    - by Chris R
    I'm evaluating PyAMF to replace our current PHP (ugh) AMF services framework, and I'm unable to find the one crucial piece of information that would allow me to provide a compelling use case for changing over: Right now, new PHP AMF services are deployed simply by putting the .php files in the filesystem; the next time they're accessed, the new service is in play. Removal of a service is as simple as deleting the .php file that provided it, and updating it is correspondingly simple. I need that same ease-of-deployment from PyAMF. If we have to rewrite our installers to deploy these services, it'll be a nonstarter. So, what I need to know is, can PyAMF support new service discovery by way of the filesystem, can it support service upgrading and removal by way of same, and if so, what is the best way to set it up to do this? I'm open to any of the various server options; I can easily have cherrypy, django, whatever installed and running on its own, and even -- with a bit more sturm nd drang -- have mod_python or mod_wsgi made available.

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  • How to model a social news feed on Google App Engine

    - by PEZ
    We want to implement a "News feed" where a user can see messages broadcasted by her friends, sorted with newest message first. But the feed should reflect changes in her friends list. (If she adds new friends, messages from those should be included in the feed, and if she removes friends their messages should not be included.) If we use the pubsub-test example and attach a recipient list to each message this means a lot of manipulation of the message recipients lists when users connect and disconnect friends. We first modeled publish-subscribe "fan out" using conventional RDBMS thinking. It seemed to work at first, but then, since the IN operator works the way it does, we quickly realized we couldn't continue on that path. We found Brett Slatkin's presentation from last years Google I/O and we have now watched it a few times but it isn't clear to us how to do it with "dynamic" recipient lists. What we need are some hints on how to "think" when modeling this.

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  • How to preprocess a Django model field value before return?

    - by Satoru.Logic
    Hi, all. I have a Note model class like this: class Note(models.Model): author = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name='notes') content = NoteContentField(max_length=256) NoteContentField is a custom sub-class of CharField that override the to_python method in purpose of doing some twitter-text-conversion processing. class NoteContentField(models.CharField): __metaclass__ = models.SubfieldBase def to_python(self, value): value = super(NoteContentField, self).to_python(value) from ..utils import linkify return mark_safe(linkify(value)) However, this doesn't work. When I save a Note object like this: note = Note(author=request.use, content=form.cleaned_data['content']) The conversed value is saved into the database, which is not what I wanna see. Would you please tell me what's wrong with this? Thanks in advance.

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  • How to convert tag-and-username-like text into proper links in a twitter message?

    - by Satoru.Logic
    Hi, all. I'm writing a twitter-like note-taking web app. In a page the latest 20 notes of the user will be listed, and when the user scroll to the bottom of the browser window more items will be loaded and rendered. The initial 20 notes are part of the generated html of my django template, but the other dynamically loaded items are in json format. I want to know how do I do the tag-and-username converting consistently. Thanks in advance.

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  • creating message box as sheets for mac in PyQt

    - by user971306
    I used message box as seperate dialog instead of sheets for mac OS, now i m working on it to spawn a sheet as message box instead of seperate one. I have tried setting the message box as a modal one: (messagebox.setWindowModality(QtCore.Qt.WindoModal)) and setting message box, parent dialog window flags as sheet (parentDialog.setWindowFlags(QtCore.Qt.Sheet) messagebox.setWindowFlags(QtCore.Qt.Sheet)) But the above commands are not working to create a sheet instead of seperate dialog. Does anyone have an idea of how to solve?

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  • Why is the destructor called when the CPython garbage collector is disabled?

    - by Frederik
    I'm trying to understand the internals of the CPython garbage collector, specifically when the destructor is called. So far, the behavior is intuitive, but the following case trips me up: Disable the GC. Create an object, then remove a reference to it. The object is destroyed and the __del__ method is called. I thought this would only happen if the garbage collector was enabled. Can someone explain why this happens? Is there a way to defer calling the destructor? import gc import unittest _destroyed = False class MyClass(object): def __del__(self): global _destroyed _destroyed = True class GarbageCollectionTest(unittest.TestCase): def testExplicitGarbageCollection(self): gc.disable() ref = MyClass() ref = None # The next test fails. # The object is automatically destroyed even with the collector turned off. self.assertFalse(_destroyed) gc.collect() self.assertTrue(_destroyed) if __name__=='__main__': unittest.main() Disclaimer: this code is not meant for production -- I've already noted that this is very implementation-specific and does not work on Jython.

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  • Creating self-referential tables with polymorphism in SQLALchemy

    - by Jace
    I'm trying to create a db structure in which I have many types of content entities, of which one, a Comment, can be attached to any other. Consider the following: from datetime import datetime from sqlalchemy import create_engine from sqlalchemy import Column, ForeignKey from sqlalchemy import Unicode, Integer, DateTime from sqlalchemy.orm import relation, backref from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base Base = declarative_base() class Entity(Base): __tablename__ = 'entities' id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True) created_at = Column(DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow, nullable=False) edited_at = Column(DateTime, default=datetime.utcnow, onupdate=datetime.utcnow, nullable=False) type = Column(Unicode(20), nullable=False) __mapper_args__ = {'polymorphic_on': type} # <...insert some models based on Entity...> class Comment(Entity): __tablename__ = 'comments' __mapper_args__ = {'polymorphic_identity': u'comment'} id = Column(None, ForeignKey('entities.id'), primary_key=True) _idref = relation(Entity, foreign_keys=id, primaryjoin=id == Entity.id) attached_to_id = Column(Integer, ForeignKey('entities.id'), nullable=False) #attached_to = relation(Entity, remote_side=[Entity.id]) attached_to = relation(Entity, foreign_keys=attached_to_id, primaryjoin=attached_to_id == Entity.id, backref=backref('comments', cascade="all, delete-orphan")) text = Column(Unicode(255), nullable=False) engine = create_engine('sqlite://', echo=True) Base.metadata.bind = engine Base.metadata.create_all(engine) This seems about right, except SQLAlchemy doesn't like having two foreign keys pointing to the same parent. It says ArgumentError: Can't determine join between 'entities' and 'comments'; tables have more than one foreign key constraint relationship between them. Please specify the 'onclause' of this join explicitly. How do I specify onclause?

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  • Django Testing: Faking User Creation

    - by Ygam
    I want to better write this test: def test_profile_created(self): self.client.post(reverse('registration_register'), data={ 'username':'ygam', 'email':'[email protected]', 'password1':'ygam', 'password2':'ygam' }) """ Test if a profile is created on save """ user = User.objects.get(username='ygam') self.assertTrue(UserProfile.objects.filter(user=user).exists()) and I just came upon this code on django-registration tests that does not actually "create" the user: def test_registration_signal(self): def receiver(sender, **kwargs): self.failUnless('user' in kwargs) self.assertEqual(kwargs['user'].username, 'bob') self.failUnless('request' in kwargs) self.failUnless(isinstance(kwargs['request'], WSGIRequest)) received_signals.append(kwargs.get('signal')) received_signals = [] signals.user_registered.connect(receiver, sender=self.backend.__class__) self.backend.register(_mock_request(), username='bob', email='[email protected]', password1='secret') self.assertEqual(len(received_signals), 1) self.assertEqual(received_signals, [signals.user_registered]) However he used a custom function for this "_mock_request": class _MockRequestClient(Client): def request(self, **request): environ = { 'HTTP_COOKIE': self.cookies, 'PATH_INFO': '/', 'QUERY_STRING': '', 'REMOTE_ADDR': '127.0.0.1', 'REQUEST_METHOD': 'GET', 'SCRIPT_NAME': '', 'SERVER_NAME': 'testserver', 'SERVER_PORT': '80', 'SERVER_PROTOCOL': 'HTTP/1.1', 'wsgi.version': (1,0), 'wsgi.url_scheme': 'http', 'wsgi.errors': self.errors, 'wsgi.multiprocess':True, 'wsgi.multithread': False, 'wsgi.run_once': False, 'wsgi.input': None, } environ.update(self.defaults) environ.update(request) request = WSGIRequest(environ) # We have to manually add a session since we'll be bypassing # the middleware chain. session_middleware = SessionMiddleware() session_middleware.process_request(request) return request def _mock_request(): return _MockRequestClient().request() However, it may be too long of a function for my needs. I want to be able to somehow "fake" the account creation. I have not much experience on mocks and stubs so any help would do. Thanks!

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  • Variable alpha blending in pylab

    - by Hooked
    How does one control the transparency over a 2D image in pylab? I'd like to give two sets of values (X,Y,Z,T) where X,Y are arrays of positions, Z is the color value, and T is the transparency to a function like imshow but it seems that the function only takes alpha as a scalar. As a concrete example, consider the code below that attempts to display two Gaussians. The closer the value is to zero, the more transparent I'd like the plot to be. from pylab import * side = linspace(-1,1,100) X,Y = meshgrid(side,side) extent = (-1,1,-1,1) Z1 = exp(-((X+.5)**2+Y**2)) Z2 = exp(-((X-.5)**2+(Y+.2)**2)) imshow(Z1, cmap=cm.hsv, alpha=.6, extent=extent) imshow(Z2, cmap=cm.hsv, alpha=.6, extent=extent) show() Note: I am not looking for a plot of Z1+Z2 (that would be trivial) but for a general way to specify the alpha blending across an image.

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